THE MORNING OREGONIAN. MONDAY, AUGUST 19, 1912.
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PORTT.AVD. MOSPAT. AUGUST 19. VH
DEMOCRATIC ECONOMY.
Why cannot the Democratic state
of mind readjust Itself to meet our
changed National
to the rest of the world T
not the Democrats bring themselves
to grasp the most important of a
tional facts that we have arrived at
lh? dignity of a world power with
multiplying responsibilities and Inter
ests outside our own domain, wny
cannot the Democrats. Particularly the
Democrats in the House who "re ab'e
to do vast harm, cast aside their an
tiquated theories and ideas concern
Ing our international status of todaj ?
Are the Democrats going to persist
forever in their ancient belief that we
are so remote from the great powers
u to be free from molestation; that a
sort of supernatural charm ressove
the American people giving them im
munity from serious menace.
It would seem so from the persls
tent efforts of the Democrats in Con
fess to Keep down every measure
Trading a new plate in our aeady
hapless armour. Economy seems to
be the magic word with which they
aim to catch the popular fancy Econ
omy is their cry whenever an addi
tional corporal's squad is added I to our
ridiculously little army Economj
echoes from the walls of the House
when we seek to keep pace with the
evolution of modern navies. Yet with
out blinking an eye they vote $laO,
000,000 for pensions.
It is a dangerous sophistry they are
practicing in their fight against more
warships. Their economy is the same
sort practiced in the elimination of
lifeboats by a great ocean liner. It is
the same kind of economy that ap
peals to the man who leaves fire es
capes off his skyscraper. Dollars and
cents are saved at the moment. Much
may be lost in the end.
Sluggishness of mind and lack of
perception, if not actual perverseness,
must predominate where there is a
failure to take cognizance of our
changed position in the congress of
world powers. We have established
vast interests beyond our own imme
diate boundaries which other powers
eve with passive but quickening greed.
Then modern .transportation has
drawn us right into the circle of pow
ers that we once viewed tranquilly
from' afar. The protection afforded
bv remoteness has been swept away.
And since there is no higher law to
regulate the whims and differences of
nations, the right of might continues
a deplorable but Indisputable fact in
the world. It is a fact we may have
to meet one day.
Economy is a delectable virtue. But
in applying this virtue to the main
tenance of the country's means of de
fense discretion becomes an even
greater virtue.
A VOICE FROM MEDFORD.
The irascible Mr. Ware, of Medford,
Is referred to the latest edition of
Who's Who in America (1912-13) for
the data about the pure and good Mr.
Perkins, upon which The Oregonlan
based its recent editorial remarks as
to that impeccable gentleman. Sev
eral years ago it was rumored that
Mr. Perkins had resigned as a part
ner of the house of Morgan, and we
recall a statement to that effect from
Multimillionaire Perkins himself; but
we have never heard from him or any
other that he has disposed of his fi
nancial interest in the banking firm,
or in the steel trust and the various
torporations with which he was long
connected and undoubtedly is now.
Does Bull Mooser Ware know more
about Perkins than the standard bio
graphical publication of the United
States? It may be conceded, of
course, that there are many things that
the average Bull Moose leader knows
out Of his superior consciousness; but
mere prosaic persons and newspapers
prefer to rely on the record. The
Oregonlan gave Its authority for its
statements about the Perkins corpor
ation connections. What is Ware's
authority. If he has any?
It is consoling to know that the
Roosevelt progressives have burned
their bridges behind them in the for
mation of a new party. Or it would
be consoling if it were true. It is not
true. Here is the chief Bull Mooser
of all, Dan Kellaher, desperately
clinging to a poor little Republican
nomination as State Senator and an
other Republican nomination as Pres
idential elector. We should like to
have the Ware opinion of the honesty
of the Kellaher proceeding. Yet we
know about what it would be. We
should hear, undoubtedly, that Kella
her was nominated for Presidential
elector at the same primary that was
carried by Roosevelt. Therefore he
accepts the instruction of the Republi
cans of Oregon to vote for Roosevelt
in the electoral college.
To such diaphanous and contempt
ible devices of cheap argument in his
own defense must your Kellaher, a
half-and-half Bull Mooser, descend.
All the instruction, direct or implied,
given to any candidate for any office
by the April Presidential preference
Republican primary was to the dele
gates to the National Republican Con
vention. Roosevelt carried the pri
mary; the delegates at Chicago voted
for Roosevelt. The Republican Na
tional Convention nominates the Re
publican candidate for President. The
Oregon primary does not. Further
more, no primary. Republican, Demo
cratic or Socialist, has any business to
usurp the sovereign right of the whole
people of Oregon to instruct the can
didates for Presidential elector in No
vember as to their duty in the elec
toral college. That instruction will
lake the form of election of electoral
?andldates of the Republican or Dem
ocratic or Progressive tickets. Yet
Kellaher and his crowd are trying to
twist the honest intent of the voters
Into an expression for Roosevelt
through an authorizeTTaft voice. How
miserable and unworthy a subterfuge,
even for Kellaher.
Returning to our troubled corre
spondent, Mr. Ware, we beg to say
to him that The Oregonian knows
fairly well what the people are saying
and thinking. It knows all that better
than some of the hasty and unwise
self-called leaders of the people. We
will wager Mr. Ware a box of first
class Rogue River apples that Mr.
Roosevelt will not get as many votes
in the electoral college as the next
highest Presidential candidate. We
will wager another box of fancy
Rogue River apples that he will not
get half as many.
RICH AND POOR CRIMINALS.
"No rich man," says the Governor of
our state, "is ever hanged." Therefore
nobody should be hanged. But is the
Governor's statement either accurate,
or convincing, or wise? Young Beatty
recently hanged In Virginia, had all
the resources of wealth and social
influence to defend him. But he was
executed. There are others; but that
Is not the point. It is that the law
should deal alike with rich and poor,
and the question as to the Justice or
expediency or humanity of capital
punishment Is not to be determined
by cheap appeals to class prejudice.
The trouble with our laws is not
that the wealthy or resourceful crim
inal escapes hanging, but that he es
capes any kind of appropriate punish
ment. The Governor might well direct
his talents to the problem of the im
partial administration of Justice to
all alike. For if the poor mur
derer ought not to be hanged be
cause the rich murderer escapes the
gallows, therefore the poor criminal
ought not to be sent to prison, or pun
ished at all, because the rich criminal
escapes.
The rich criminal should not escape,
nor should any criminal escape. The
mills of Justice should grind patiently
nri inomrahlv. and know neither
class, nor race, nor creed, nor preju
dice.
Seven murderers were recently exe
cuted in New York, and there is a lot
of sentimental talk going around
about legal murder. It is not legal
miirrtor It has no murderous motive,
either from society or any individual
It is the law. Certainly mere were
tun nnd miBprv and unhanniness
and terror about this dreadful spec
tacle. But there is very nine joy
iio-ht nr e.iflsfactlon about a prison
or an insane asylum. Yet men must
be sent to Jail, and otner men ana
women must be restrained In an asy
lum. x
Withal, few are ever hanged now,
but many are murdered. What is the
matter?
SUCCESS AFTER FORTY.
A New York architect who killed
himself because he was a failure at
ffi-fi. inrkorl atavlnir qualities.
Had the sense of failure not toppled
his reason into the chasm of self-destruction
at so early a date, he might
eventually have developea into me
greatest of successes.
Much has been said in recent years
K,,t the Hiffirultv of attaining suc
cess after passing the forty mark.
There has been a lot of misunderstand
ing in this respect, yv nue it is iruo
ViAt tha ovamcA man can hardly hope
to pick up with a new vocation and
succeed in it after that age, yet the
forty mark is really the golden age
when ripe experience begins to blos
som into worth and success. The man
of forty has gained maturity, has laid
the foundation for achievement and,
provided he have capacity, his success
should be riper for the delay. This
fact has been proved In every rieia oi
V. AnAaovn-w 'VnW fl Tl A then SOIHG
HUiuau i ii... ... ui . . - -
youth of transcendental genius blasts
his way to success when barely out of
hio ewaririline clothes. Alexander had
the world under his feet before he was
thirty. Chatterton died unconscious
of his great success at twenty. Bryant
put his Imprint on Time wnne in mo
teen's Poe matured fully In his literary
genius while in his thirties.
But overwhelming is the balance of
those who ripened more slowly. Take
Lincoln. He was nearing iuiy wnen
he participated in those debates with
Douglas, which all but marked the be
ginning of his great career. No one
had heard of Darwin at forty and few
knew him at fifty. Washington was
past forty when the Declaration of
Independence was signed, as were
Adams and Franklin, the last-named
being sixty.
While Joan of Arc made history be
fore she was twenty, Mrs. Eddy was
t fiftv and founded a ereat
religion after that age. The great
artist Micnaeiangeio twice cnunseu
the course of his work after fifty
anil snr-ppAdcd in each instance. Du-
Maurier was sixty when he wrote
"Trilby." and his life had been spent
as a caricaturist.
The list might be continued indef
initely and in the end it would only
prove that there can be no fixed dead.
Hn Snme men rinen early and
some late. The man of forty has every
reason to iook rorwara to success, pro
vided his early life has been devoted
to laying a wholesome and stable
foundation.
VAXCOTTER BARRACKS A3 A BRIG
ADE POST.
Designation of Vancouver Barracks
as a brigade post will very likely be
settled upon by the War Department
if strategic Importance and other con
siderations of a purely military nature
are allowed to determine the selection.
Doubtless efforts will be made through
the broad channel of political pull to
select some other garrison in the De
partment of the Columbia. But an
nouncement that Secretary of War
Stimson is to make an early tour of
the entire department would seem to
indicate that politics will have noth
ing to do with choice of a concentra
tion point for Northwest troops.
The military advantages offered by
Vancouver Barracks are many. In
the first place it is easily accessible
by rail or water. Secondly the mili
tary reservation is sufficient to ac
commodate a full brigade. Territory
suitable for cavalry drills and for
artillery target practice as well as
rifle practice is convenient. The
proximity of Portland, Seattle and
other considerable cities and the pres
ence of a large farming district set
tle the question of commissary sup
plies for a brigade.
Troops can be dispatched by water
to Alaska garrisons in the Department
of the Columbia, while transports can
be navigated to a point within a few
rods of the barracks for the purpose
of embarking troops Intended for
tropic service. Rail connections are
at hand to carry troops needed for
patrol duty in Yellowstone park.
Concentration of troops now scat
tered through Washington, Idaho and
Montana would do away with the de
lays attendant upon a mobilization in
event of active service. Further than
that it would give much needed exper
ience to officers in brigade operations.
an experience which has been largely
denied officers oh the United States
Army in the past owing to the policy
of dividing the Army into regimental,
battalion and even company posts.
Concentration at Vancouver Bar
racks would be of great strategic Im
portance for the reason that the bri
gade could be immediately put In
operation along the Oregon or Wash
ington coast to repel invasion
and to serve' as infantry sup
ports for the various coast for
tifications. Vancouver would also
be the logical point of concentration
for auxiliary forces such as National
Guard and volunteers from the States
of Oregon, Washington, Montana, Ida
ho, Wyoming and possibly North and
South Dakota, Wisconsin and Minne
sota. Selection of Vancouver Barracks for
a brigade post will bring approxim
ately 4000 troops to that point. Scat
tered among the garrisons of the De
partment of the Columbia at present
are three regiments of infantry plus
one battalion, one company of en
gineers, two signal companies, one
squadron of cavalry and two batteries
of field artillery. In addition there
are seventeen companies of Coast Ar
tillery which, of course, cannot be
concentrated.
RESTRAINING THE USURERS.
The official war against the loan
shark in Portland should be pushed
without quarter. The usurious In
dividual who thrives off the weak
nesses and misfortunes of his fellow
men Is entitled to no sympathy. He
has Intrenched himself by devious
methods which his victims are made
a party to and which protect him from
civil action. His system is gross, ne
farious, reprehensible, and he should
be driven out of business.
Deputy District Attorney Collier, In
taking up the fight on the local dis
ciples of Shylock. has at the outset
struck at the heart of the pernicious
loan agency system. The fear of pub
licity is no longer to be held over the
head of the unfortunate victim.
Rather it is to haunt the makers of
usurious loans. The man who is com
pelled to seek a loan of 25 and, in
his extremity, sign a note promising to
pay back double that amount in small
installments, no longer need fear that
if he fails to keep up his payments his
employers will be informed. As the
victim of sharp practice and usury he
is entitled to protection under the
law.
The anti-loan agency crusade should
go farther, however. If the evil is to
be done away with. The victim who
fails to live up to the usurious con
tract he has entered into will be black
listed by the whole tribe of usurers.
There are many victims of the habit
who are unwilling to court such a
punishment from their financial mas
ters. No worthier charity, or public
institution, could be devised than one
which would make It possible for
worthy salaried people In distress to
secure small loans at a legal rate of
interest. It could be maintained so
as to shut out those w-ho are persistent
victims of their own folly and extrava
gance, which class will be forever the
loan agent's legitimate prey.
JI IXJED BY HIS DEEDS.
"By their deeds ye shall know
them," says the good book. By his
deeds, not by his power of words,
shall we know whether Roosevelt is
really entitled to the confidence of
progressive Republicans and to be
chosen as their leader.
Senator La Follette was the original
progressive in the Republican party.
He it was who, by his long, persistent
and finally successful fight for con
trol of the .party in Wisconsin and
for those measures and that general
policy which have come to be regarded
as the essence of the progressive
creed, inspired Republicans in other
states to make war on the standpat
element In Congress and in the state
administrations. The progressive
movement sprung from him, and to
him is due largely what measure of
success it has had."
What did Roosevelt do to help La
Follette during his long, arduous bat
tle In Wisconsin? He not only al
lowed Federal office-holders to lobby
against La Follette's measures in the
Legislature, but he rewarded with
Federal offices others who fought for
"the interests" in that state. William
Devoe, who was elected State Senator
pleged to support the direct primary
and railroad taxation bills and who
violated his pledges, was appointed
Collector of Customs at Milwaukee
by Roosevelt. William O'Neil, another
State Senator who was likewise false
to his word, was appointed sealer of
logs on an Indian reservation. Fran
cis B. Keen, an anti-La Follette As
semblyman, was given a consular of
fice. A. L. Sanborn, the railroad at
torney, who conducted the contest
against the railroad bills, was
appointed United States District Judge
at St. Paul, and J. V. Quarles, whom
La Follette had driven out of the
United States Senate, was appointed to
a like office at Milwaukee. Samuel
Barney, another opponent of that
popular government of which Roose
velt is now so ardent a champion,
was made a Judge of the Court of
Claims. Representative Babcock, who
had led the opposition to progress,
was given a letter from Roosevelt
urging his re-election when La Fol
lette went Into his district to oppose
him as a reactionary. Joseph G.
Farr, one of Babcock's lieutenants,
was made superintendent of logging
on all Indian reservations, and Graham
L. Rice, another anti-La Follette man,
was given a good place In the immi
gration service at Porto Rico. H. A.
Taylor, who edited an anti-progressive
paper at Madison, was retained as
Assistant Secretary of the Treasury,
and his successor as editor, Amos P.
Wilder, was given an $8000 consular
office.
The appointment of Quarles and
Sanborn were made Just after La Fol
lette had taken his seat In the Senate,
but not only was La Follette not con
sulted, as he should have been if long
custom had been followed, but he
was not even notified that the appoint
ments had been made and his first
knowledge of the fact came from the
Associated Press. They are Judges of
the very type which Roosevelt has
since most severely condemned.
Roosevelt crowned all these evi
dences of progresslveness by causing
the Republican National Committee,
which was absolutely controlled by
him, to throw out the four Wisconsin
delegates at large headed by La Fol
lette from the National .Convention of
1904 and to seat the contesting dele
gation headed by Senator Spooner.
That this was a "naked theft" was
proved by the decisions of the Wis-
consin Supreme Court, too late to be
of any benefit, that the convention
which elected the La Follette delega
tion was the regular Republican Con
vention. The progressive movement in Con
gress may be said to have begun with
La Follette'B advent in the Senate In
1905. This is what it achieved, not
merely without the aid bilt in face of
the opposition of Roosevelt:
Cannonism was overthrown.
The balance of power in the House
was secured and held by the pro
gressives until the Democrats gained
control.
Aldrich, Hale and Burrows, the
bosses of the Senate, had been driven
into retirement.
The progressives In the Senate had
increased from one (La Follette) to
14, and held the balance of power.
It had become possible to pass de
cidedly progressive legislation.
The progressives had won control
of the Republican party in many
states and were winning all along the
line in their state battles.
The first signs', of sympathy and
support for the progressive movement
were given by Roosevelt in 1910, when
he made his fight against the New
York bosses. But he dictated the
adoption of a platform by the State
Republican Convention in New York,
which said of the man he now opposes:
We enthusiastically endorse the patriotic
and statesmanlike leadership and declare
our pride In the achievement oi nis ihj
eighteen months as President of the United
States.
That platform also endorsed the
Payne-Aldrich tariff, which the pro
gressives in Congress had condemned.
Beaten in New York, Roosevelt did
not again develop decided symptoms
of progressiveness until a few months
ago, when he yielded to the prompt
ings of the seven Governors, shoved
La Follette aside and placed himself to
the front as the leader of the pro
gressive movement. When he had
the opportunity, by alliance with the
La Follette and Cummins men in the
National Convention, to dictate the
adoption of a more advanced plat
form and the nomination of a progres
sive candidate on whom the party
could unite, he flung the opportunity
away in order to gratify his personal
ambition. By bolting he has divided
the progressive strength, when it had
reached the point where it could have
ruled the party. He has set back, in
stead of having advanced, the cause
of progress.
Looking back over this record and
calmly surveying the present situation,
those progressives in Congress who
have borne the burden and heat of
the day, long before such eleventh
hour converts as. Johnson, Flinn, Per
kins, Woodruff and others had been
heard of In connection with the strug
gle, prefer to continue as they began,
battling to fill the Republican party
with the spirit which has inspired
them and turning their backs on the
man' whose past deeds and recent con
version, when victory was in sight,
cast doubts on his sincerity and stead
fastness. It is encouraging to learn that those
disinterested soldiers of the public
good, Perkins and Flinn, do not ex
pect anything in exchange for their
support of Roosevelt. Of course they
don't. Perkins never expected any
thing in return for his past campaign
contributions, but the threat he made
to Knox Smith that the Morgan in
terests would fight if the harvester
trust was prosecuted, was followed by
a long, deep silence on the part of
Roosevelt, and Taft's prosecution of
that trust was followed by Perkins'
enthusiastic support . of the Colonel.
Nor did Flinn expect anything when
he lined up his gangs of Pittsburg
workmen to vote for "our people,"
but he somehow became possessed of
large blocks of stock in public utilities.
The acquittal of Darrow Is fair
notice to prosecutors that Juries will
not convict men of crime on the evi
dence of informers unless that evi
dence is abundantly corroborated from
independent sources. That was made
plain when the Miners' Federation of
ficials were acquitted despite Or
chard's confession. When the ques
tion of a man's guilt or Innocence
hinges almost entirely on the state
ments of a man who seeks escape from
the penalty of his crimes by "peach
ing on his pals," the reasonable doubt
will always exist whether such a man
has not invented his story to save his
own life or liberty.
Police Commissioner Waldo Is Just
beginning to discover what his police
force has really been doing, and he is
shocked. By the time he has weeded
out all the grafters, the force may be
somewhat attenuated. But he may
be consoled by recalling a remark of
Abou ben Adhem after describing a
mythical kingdom where death was
the penalty for all offenses, and there
were no paroles, pardons or reprieves.
Abou said: "Of course the population
was terribly depleted, but the sur
vivors were a remarkably fine race of
men and women."
One of our great troubles here.' as else
where, is that the representatives of priv
ilege in finance and politics control most
of the newspapers, so that the ordinary
man finds the channels of information
choked. I don't so much mind the editorial
columns being closed against us. but it is a
matter for real regret that the news col
umns are closed to us. Theodore Roosevelt
in his Providence (R. I.) speech.
Oh, shucks! Yet we suppose your
Bull Mooser will take the Roosevelt
word for it in preference to his own
knowledge.
We have read a great deal of the
patient devotion of Mrs. Early, the
leper's wife. We now read the other
side of the tragedy in her suit for
divorce on grounds of extreme cruelty.
Behind womanly devotion there is of
ten such a reward.
A Vancouver woman married to
No 2 has learned that No. 1 still
lives, contrary to her past belief. With
two husbands on her hands she has
adopted a drastic course, asking a di
vorce and the restoration of her
maiden name.
About the only way Juarez can keep
on the map is to be alternately cap
tured and evacuated by Federals and
rebels, and to have an occasional bull
fight. For our part, we should like
to forget the existence of Juarez for
a year or two.
In the course of a year or so, It is
safe to predict, the text books on nat
ural history will note: Bull Moose
hybridized political animal, first ap
peared at Chicago In 1912. Rare from
origin and now wholly extinct.
It costs $1000 a day to tide the
A'stor baby , over the first six weeks.
Which will' make it no stronger or
healthier than the baby with no sub
sistence and maintenance charges dur
ing that period.
Another devastating Latin Ameri
can revolution has Just been got under
control. An American Major and
three companies of marines did the
trick.
The seasoned veteran of the Mil
waukie Tavern campaign may move
on Redmond at any moment.
ANGEL PERKINS AND THE TRUSTS
Challenge to the Fart of His Cor
' poratlon Connection.
MEDFORD, Or., Aug. 17. (To the
Editor.) I read The Oregonian's edi
torial on Angel Perkins. Will The
Oregonian state positively that Mr.
Perkins is one of the officials of the
steel trust or any other trust? Will
The Oregonian deny" that Mr. Perkins
resigned his official connection with
the banklnar house of J. P. Morgan &
Co., also from the different companies
vou name as director, in order that he
might take up his new work as one of
the private- citizens of this Nation who
wish to do all In their power to avert
Socialism or Anarchy's securing the
reins of government in the United
States?
Of course all may be fair in love and
rjolities. but I hardly think The Ore
gonian wishes to make statements that
may be as grossly misleading as the
editorial on Mr. Perkins unless it can
Drove what it states to be actual facts
From the information I have I doubt
very much the truth of your innuendo
about Perkins. You can make all the
fun vou desire of the Bull Mooseltes,
but the men who are Joining the Pro
gressive party are in dead earnest, and
have burned tnelr Driages Denina mem,
a far as ever Groins' back into the Re-
Dublican party is concerned. You will
find out before this campaign is over
that the men who are real Progressives
will stick through thick and thin. The
trouble is that few people In the old
parties will recognize this fact and so
many of the men who control the edi
torial pages of so many of our leading
dallies have not mingled witn tne com
mon people and learned the real truth
and the actual situation in tne coun
trv todaV.
I talked with a leading Democrat in
Southern Oregon, Just the other day,
and he had Just returned from New
Vnrk and had stODDed at a good many
places on his way back and he said that
in his opinion rtooseveit wouiq ca.ru
th State of Washington, and very
likely Oregon and California, and that
the fight was between Roosevelt and
Wilson, and that, while he hoped and
prayed that Wilson would win, yet no
man living, if he told tne trutn, wuum
dare say that Roosevelt would not win
nut In all the Renublican states and
hacj more than a fighting chance In the
so-called doubtful states.
Not one of our Progressive Club of
Medford Is out for any office nor win
thev eo back to the Republican party
no matter whether Roosevelt wins or
not. This new party has come to stay
and the quicker you recognize the fact
the better off you will be, if you give us
a paper that should be at an repre
sentative of as good a state as Ore
gon is and will be as the years roll by.
A. XV. VV rtllli.
IMPROVING FARM CONDITIONS
Example of Ohio Man la Pointed to
aa SigrnlAcant.
PORTLAND. Aug. 16. (To the Edi
tor.) The biggest problem confront
ing this country in the next 25 years
will be the providing of an adequate
food supply. The quality of our civili
zation is conditioned largely by the size
of our economic surplus. Culture, re
Av.aTit bpUtica nrt literature and
education do not nourish in times or
regions where this surplus is non-existent
or meager. And agriculture is
.ha hull nf it all. So. the first duty
of government and of all other forces
of enlightened social control is to iiian
and execute schemes to assure a plen
tiful food supply from one season to
another.
An article of special interest in this
connection appeared in The Oregonian
t Snnriov Aiifrunt 11. concerning the
farming operations of O. C. Barbour,
near Akron, O. In my opinion tne unio
match millionaire is helping to show
tha wov tft a solution of the Droblem
of how to obtain a larger and more
certain food supply.
Malm that a laree
number of small landholders is the
hope of agriculture in the future. On
the other hand, I think scientinc iarm
inr nf lnnre tracts, with central man-
Aamant Q T, A tho officiant atlDliCatiOn
of mechanical power and skillful or
ganization, will produce greater rejmu
and make for a more satisfied and in
taiiicrent rural nonulatlon than small-
acreage farming. A thousand men un
der one capable management wonting
on a large farm, aided by machinery
and the trained application of science
to agriculture, can accomplish more
year after year man tne same uuumuu
men could if each managed and worked
on his own little farm and did his own
marketing.
Look at the average farm toaay. xou
coa rHonrrier untidiness. Often SQUalOT,
as well as poor fences, poor buildings,
unsanitary dwellings and surroundings,
inferior and incomplete equipment,
fields being robbed of fertility, other
resources going to waste, overworKea
women, isolation and narrowness.
Roosevelt's Country Life Commission,
headed by that great autnority, rro
raary Rtlov riisnnvered deDlorable
conditions. There are exceptions, but
my description fits the average farm.
I speak from experience and not from
hearsay.
r n.i Rnrhnur's farm of 2200 acres.
on the contrary, you have careful plan
trainoH direction, exnert knowl
edge,' specialization and division of
labor, utilization oi every resource uu
the farm, and science and mechanics
working hand in hand to bring aDout
order and beauty and make results cer
tain. Those on the farm know more,
do more and have more than peasant
proprietors would.
Mr. Barbour is a true philanthropist.
He is Investing capital In the new agri
culture, putting it on a sound business
h-ieia and helnlntr to solve two prob
lems at the same time scarcity of food
and congestion or population, iviay ma
tribe increase. tjuuiNxnx j-ar rj.
OPPORTUNITIES ON THE FARM
Whole Statu of Farmer's Life Haa
Been Changed.
SEASIDE. Or., Aug. 16. (To the Edi
tor.) In the vast eternal commerce
that ebbs and flows over the surface
of this continent, the avenues of efforts
are lareelv crowded. A great host of
young men are looking anxiously to
the future. Many or mem seen, to
carve out a career of their own, In
stead .of being employes all their days.
With this in view, why is it not well
to turn the thoughts of the young man
to the desirability of reversing the
order of things, and Instead of seek
ing the crowded city with its tempta
tions, seek the country with its free
dom? Hence, consider the advisability
of becoming a thrifty farmer.
The only really independent member
of the community is the farmer. He
Is sure of food at any rate. Nature
is so generous that a very little effort
will eet him enough to eat and drink.
The growth of the cities and the crea
tion of local markets make certain the
absorption of what the earth produces.
Hence, the boys and girls who have
hitherto looked forward to the city for
a living should now turn towards the
country as their hope and opportunity.
True, the life of the farmer hitherto
has been supposed to be one of great
labor, of comparative poverty and nar
rowness of enjoyment, with small re
sults possible. But it need not be so,
for th intelligent farmer, with a com
petent knowledge of chemistry, with
the employment oi tne umi rttem in
ventions in machinery, with the variety
of products which can be cultivated,
ought to find his calling a profitable
Whose Trade-Mark la Itf
Boston Globe.
In choosing the name Taisel, "great
righteousness," to designate his reign,
isn't the new Emperor of Japan in
fringing on a copyright or, perhaps,
we ought to say a trade-mark?
ATTENTION TURNING TO CHILDREN.
Portland Physician Enthnaed by Inter
national Awakening.
BERLIN, Germany, July 27. (To the
Editor.) For those interested in the
conservation of children, men and wo
men " (and who shouldn't be?) the
meeting- of the Royal Institute or fuo
lic Health, of Great Britain, and whose
patron Is His Majesty the King, the
meeting held this year and now in ses
sion here in Berlin, affords the oppor
tunity of gathering the latest on these
great lines. As the subjects are of
paramount Importance to any people
and any nation, I am glaa as a mem
ber of this congress to send this brief
account.
Several hundred of the most distin
guished and most prominent English,
Irish, Scotch workers for humanity
have come over here for this meeting,
and have been met by an equal num
ber of the most noted Germans, and,
together, they are working out some
thing really wonderful on the lines in
dicated, not to mention, as was alluded
to In a great speech at the splendid
banquet given by the municipality of
Berlin to the congress, the possibility
of knitting closer and accomplishing
much in International peace and comity.
The subjects which have been consid
ered by the congress, papers both In
English and in German, cover the fol
lowing: State medicine, which touches on
things done in Europe by the state as
yet undreamed of in America or in
Portland, but which ought to be.
Bacteriology, on which I just heard
a paper and a discussion concerning
the treatment of pneumonia which
promises much for the treatment of
that dread disease.
Child study and school hygiene, hav
ing to do with medical Inspection and
treatment of elementary school chil
dren, the control of infectious and con
tagious diseases and of tuberculosis In
schools and homes, and Its pedagogical
and social aspects.
Military, naval and colonial hy
giene, and municipal engineering,
architecture and town planning.
n&,manv thrtlltrh not the flTSt
along some of these lines, presents a
practical working of them doubtless
unsurpassed by any other country, and
so the meeting nere, anorains unc
tions of the various institutions, has
been of immense benefit to us, all deep
ly Interested as we are in these things.
The Germans have a splendid organi-
,1 a ..hat T IranolntA n A Central
AttklUll J . Y " ......... . -
committee, to which come, and are in
a way responsible, all the various or
ganizations for public welfare. One of
the greatest or mese, just orguuiBcu ...
France, and having also societies In
America, is the "International Congress
Ohilrt Life." If
this society, through its branches
throughout tne worm, can do incim
and emphasized, and its functions en
larged, we would soon find that It
would solve many of the worst prob
lems of modern social life, for, back
of the apparent reasons for loose mor
als, perversions, thefts and other crimes
in young people and adults, are the cir
cumstances and conditions of child life.
Given protection of this, good results
are sure to follow.
The work of the congress will be
considered In reports which, as a mem
t .i 1 1 ..raivA a ftor T arrive at
Portland, and, if necessary, details
touching any oi tne line nmui "
be available.
The hospitality of the Germans and
the facilities afforded us are splendid.
Though an American and in no official
connection with any state business,
though I was once, for a time. As
sistant City Physician at Portland, I
was made a full member and share all
the benefits.
We of Portland, metropolis of an em
pire in resources and possibilities,
should direct our attention to the con
servation of children and men and
women to the top-notch In civic affairs,
in architecture and in hygiene, and
lead the country, if necessary, along
these lines. What Berlin has done to
prevent disease and to stamp out tuber
culosis not yet accomplished, to be
sure, but big progress reads like a
romance, but Portland can surpass it.
for we have Berlin's experience to
profit by.
What a delightful situation it is when
children, the sine qua non of a state
or a city, but heretofore unrecognized,
are given by the people in financial as
well as other ways, not only as much,
but more attention than Is given to
pigs, horses and cows! Surely, we are
advancing!
While this meeting is being held
here, one in England on eugenics, the
new science of human beings, Is hold
ing very important sessions, but of that
another time. The conservation of chil
dren takes that In, but no better sign
of its importance can be shown than
that it has taken its place as a new
science.
JAMES HUNTER WELLS, M. D.
BAD WEATHER YEARS RECALLED
Pioneer Telia of Hot and Cold Spells
In Oregon.
PORTLAND, Aug. 17. (To the Edi
tor.) I noted that you gave, under
date of January 10, a list of the cold
est days in the years beginning with
January. 1875, to date of list. ' Also
gave George H. Knaggs as authority
for the statement "that the river was
frozen over In 1853 and again in 186."
Mr. Knaggs' statement as to the river
freezing is correct.
The snowfall of December, 1852, was
the deepest within the last 61 years,
but not the heaviest. It was two feet
on the level, but light and the weather
very cold till in January. December
and January, 1865-6, was cold with but
little snow. The Winter wheat was
nearly all frozen out north of
Linn County. A light snow protected
the wheat south of there. The Winter
of 1881-2 was the longest cold spell
and the most destructive of property
in all years since settlement. Flood
and frost dd their work.
The coldest Winter in all these years
was that of 1868-9. Snow 10 or 12
inches deep, light and dry, with ex
treme cold, lasted for over two weeks.
Thermometers were not plentiful In
those days, therefore I cannot state the
degrees shown, but the files of The
Oregonian will show. The heaviest
snow causing the longest blockade was
in December and January, 1884-5.
Speaking of the weather, it may not
be amiss to state that August, 1884,
was more destructive than the present
up to date.
W. H. ODELL.
EFFECTIVE AUTO REGULATION
Methods Used In Loa Angele De
scribed by Mr. Winch.
PORTLAND, Aug. 17. (To the Edi
tor.) Referring to your article in The
Oregonian of August 17 on a restricted
district for autos. It may interest your
readers to know there Is a similar or
dinance now in force In Los Angeles.
It provides where autos may be stored
during business hours. It alBO calls
for regulation of traffic at congested
corners where policemen are stationed.
All traffic at these points is moved
by a whistle and wave or tne nana.
One whistle for right of way north and
south, two whistles east and west. The
penalty is arrest ana nne tor moving
more than four feet after the whistle
blows. While the speed limit is eight
miles the police use discretion and
often tell an auto driver to get along
when he sees any danger of conges
tion. It is wonderful how tney nanaie
traffic and what an apparent good feel
ing there is between the police and
auto drivers. While tne ordinance is
trict. the officers used are men or
good judgment, and they are given
latitude to use it. it manes it mucn
safer to move, as you can absolutely
depend on a clear road when you hear
the whistle, sucn a clause snouia oe
incoprorated In the proposed ordinance
here. MARTIN WINCH.
Half a Century Ago
From The Oregonlan of August 10. 182
The star-spangled banner which now
waves over the capitol of Tennessee
was for seven months saved inside a
bedquilt by a Union man of Nashville,
who slept under it every night.
We learn by the last express from
Florence that a general excitement
prevails at that place on the subject of
the new gold mines Warren's discov
ery and that a general rush is being
made for the mines.
A piece of gold weighlncr J100 was
taken out of Chase & Co'.s claim on
Nelson's Gulch, Powder Hiver, last
week.
Washington, Aug. 12. The battle ot
Culpepper was the most desperate bat.
tie of the war. Involving about even
loss on both sides. Both sides have
been reinforced and a renewal of the
engagement cannot be far distant. Pis
patches from there state that the
rebels retreated and that cavalry and
artillery are in pursuit across the Rap
idan. The rebel army, fearing their
retreat would be cut off. have gone
back towards Courthouse.
Washington, Aug. 10. The Titts
burg Express says a dispatch from Van
Porn to Secretary Mallory states that
the ram Arkansas had been destrowed.
She left V'icksburg on Monday to co
operate In an attack on Baton Rouge.
After the passage of Bayou Lara her
machinery became disabled and whilo
her crew were attempting to repair It,
several of the enemy's gunboats at
tacked her and after a gallant response
she was abandoned and blown up. Her
officers and crew escaped.
Lexington, Mo., Aug. 12. Indepen
dence, Mo., was attacked by 1500 rebels
under Hughes and Quantrell. After
four hours' severe fighting the Fed
erals surrendered.
The Hunt arrived last evening from
the Cascades, bringing down about 60
passengers and $100,000 in dust.
We notice that Mr. Joseph L. Allison
has dropped the editorial quill and sud
denly left for the mines.
ANALYSIS OF THREE PARTIES
No Need Appear for Bull Moose,
Writer Avers.
PORTLAND, Aug. 17. (To the Edi
tor.) As the campaign seems to be
getting under way, and comments are
being made on same, I would quote
from one: "But it appears there are
many honest and sincere people who
either won't, can't or don't comprehend
the gravity of the situation." which is
certainly Interesting and worth con
sideration among the public in general.
Many views and policies are being
advocated, but is it not better to con
fine the issue to a few of the most
Important In order to get something
like a definite decision when the elec
tion occurs? The writer from which
the foregoing is quoted sets forth some
fairly illustrative matter of the situa
tion, but, like the rest, fails, possibly,
to get to the bottom of the Issue, which
may be natural. Bull Moose, Donkey
and Elephant ought to be in separate
pastures. But can you separate them?
If so, how? But, after all, and includ
ing all concerned, would it be advisable
to separate entirely the said animals?
As one saying has it, "Wisdom comes
from multitude of counsel," or words
to that effect, while another saw runs,
"Too many cooks spoil the broth."
As I take it, there are only two main
issues in the campaign, the tariff and
the trusts, which in their effect and
general significance are being placed
together.
After all, however, it is getting ap
parent the personality of the candi
dates, with the previous records and
history of each, will cut some figure,
also the records or lack of records of
the parties they represent. One party
is new, or a nondescript collection of
misfits and exempts from several par
ties. The other two come down from
a history of decades. What could we
expect from performance and platform
in the light of the past? These pasts
certainly will have their influence.
though in a way parties change like
other things. The Democratic party
Is essentially a negative or defensive
part'. It pushes action only as the
physical needs or wants force action.
Despite many things said and unsaid,
it Is the party of the past or conserva
tive party. Confined to the theory of
local action and well-being all through
its history, as witness the platform
favoring restoration of competition.
True, progressives or statesmen of
foresight and genius can expect but
little from the Democratic party. It
should. In fact, have been buried after
the close of the war along with the
"lost cause."
Is the Republican party capable of
meeting the new Issues? We think so,
providing it can find new leadership.
The question is, how to organize. It.
The new or B. M. party hasn't gof all
the new element or real Republicans.
They hesitate to Join a new party. But
we believe, after all, that the real Re
publican party of the hour and coming
time Is composed of the progressive
movement, as represented by such men
as Dolliver and Cummins, Borah, Nel
son and others. The principles on
which the Government is founded, go
ing back, in fact, to the Magna Charta,
will remain in spite of the deluge of
foreign anarchism and wild-eyed radi
calism calling Itself progressivlsm un
der a false name.
"Progress but not anarchy" should
be the name In words of fire to guide
the counsels of the old party, the party
of true Americanism as found at
Plymouth Rock, and represented by
such names as Washington, Adams,
Clay, Lincoln. Grant, McKinley, Dolli
ver and our own George H. Williams,
JOSEPH TOLLMAN.
SEND DRUM CORPS TO LOS ANGELES
Appeal for Funda for Veteran G. A. R.
Organization.
ASTORIA, Or. Aug. 17. (To the Edi
tor.) In behalf of the G. A. R. Veteran
Drum Corps, the G. A. R. orsranlzatlons,
the State of Oregon and Portland as
the Oregon metropolis, I offer this com
munication for your consideration,
knowing that if you will give the mat
ter herein your Indorsement and co
operation, success will be assured.
The National encampment of the
Grand Army of the Republic meets at
Los Angeles September 9, 1912. The
only veteran drum corps or actual
drummer boys of the Civil War. organ-
zed as such, I believe the State of
Oregon possesses. Most of its members
live in Portland and vicinity, would
it not be an honor worthy of our sup
port to pay the expenses of this band
for the occasion mentioned? This or
ganization Is not able financially -to
attend. It would be the greatest "hit,"
I believe, of the Los Angeles occasion
and Oregon would receive the honor
thereof.
I am sending you under separate
cover some verses in pamphlet form. I
will furnish two or three hundred of
these gratis, or will give $10 on a sub
scription proposition If the pamphlets
are not wanted. B. F. ALLEN,
Adjutant. Cushlng Post. No. 14, Grand
Army of the Republic.
Joke on a Deliberative Eater.
Harper's Bazar.
Lottie How dare you ask Mrs. Bul
lion to a one-course luncheon?
Hattie She won't know it. She's a
Fletcherlte, and by the time she has
finished she'll have to move on to some
5 o'clock tea.
Dawn of Future Great nesa.
Boston Transcript.
Glbbs How would you like to be n,
Presidential possibility?
Dibbs Possibility! Why, man, when
I was a kid It was a sure thing.