THE 3rORTG OREGOXIAJf, FRIDAY, JULY 19, 1912.
PORTLAND. ORIOON.
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nor. express order or personal check ; on your
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J RTLA V O, FRIDAY,
JUI.Y IS. Mil
jit-:ries.
How can a Presidential candidate
of a third party, organized to defeat
the Republican party, yet pretend that
116 is the nominee of the Republican
party?
Is It worse to steal a National con
vention than an electoral college T
la the cry of fraud in the nomina
tion of a Presidential candidate an
adequate Issue on which to conduct a
Presidential campaign?
If Mr. Taft is not the Republican
nominee, when and where did the Na
tional convention of 1912 nominate
Roosevelt T
How Is It possible to abandon a
party and yet claim to be entitled to
the support and benefit of party loy
alty, party organization, party regu
larity? - Is there no fraud and no duplicity
about the appearance on a ballot of
a Roosevelt candidate for Presidential
elector under the caption "Republi
can" and in the official grouping of
Republican electors as being for W. H.
Taft for President and James S. Sher-
'man for Vice-President?
Why Is not the open and honest
way to organize a third party, to or
ganize a third party?
Does the commandment. "Thou
Shalt Not Steal" exempt ME?
i, .
A DISCORDANT NOTE.
There Is not that great degree of
harmony in the Democracy of which
the brethren boasted after the Balti
more convention. It was then pro
claimed that all the sore spots made
by 46 ballots and many furious
speeches had quickly healed, that the
'ranks were closed and that the party
'presented an unbroken front which
gave assurance of victory. But, as
ever, there is a discordant note in this
grand song of harmony and, as usual.
It comes from Kentucky.
Colonel Watterson is grieved to the
heart by the triumph of Bryan, in
securing a repudiation of Wall Street
support and in securing Wilson's nom
ination on a platform of his own
building. He will not be comforted.
He pours out his sorrow in an article
which Bryan calls an eruption of
Mount Watterson. He likens Bryan
to Tartuffe and Pecksniff and other
great hypocrites of fiction and the
drama. Ke accuses the Commoner of
. going to Baltimore bent on making
r trouble, with no nobler motive than
i "to create a grandstand splutter and
i splurge and thus to Insure himself
' four years more to rattle round among
the churches and Chautauquas and to
grow yet richer at the cost of the party
which has so honored and trusted
him." He describes Bryan as "writ
'.lng like a schoolboy, receiving a
thousand dollars a day for his worth
less stuff;" as having "his hand In the
. pockets of the hayseeds, his own pock
ets bulging with the money of anybody
whom he could chisel out of It;" as
'. "a traitor to all fellowship and an In
' grate to his friends, who, for alms mer
cenary and malignant, has meanly
: betrayed a noble cause into the hands
of the common enemy and turned
away for his own dishonest profit a
'great opportunity from his political
followers and associates."
i To Bryan Is attributed danger that
the election will be thrown into the
House and Watterson adds:
- Had the Democrats at Baltimore, at once
reccttnlzlns In Bryan a would-be Roosevelt,
thrown him out neck and heele upon the
threehbold. they would not now be looking
upon a divided party and a doubtful issue
When an overwhelming victory was assured.
Bryan Is declared to have "given
Mr. Taft the first happy Sunday he has
had In many a day;" to have helped
"to hearten the Roosevelt crowd," to
have constituted himself "the best of
Republican assets." The philippic
conclude with this lamentation:
Tt la most painful to write and to print
this Indictment of a man the Courier-Journal
has tried to believe an honest, though a
misguided, man. The seven days' perform,
ance at Baltimore, with Us horrible epec
tacle of rule-or-ruln, duplicating the equally
horrlbla spectacle of Roosevelt at Chicago,
leaves ua no recourse. That the convention
eat under It that there was no head wise
nongh. no heart resolute and prompt enough
to rise to the crisis and drive the adder out,
or to crush It In its tracks Is condem
nation of the convention Iteelf. When It
began Its proceedings. Democracy faced the
world elate and proud: now He we low,
whilst Impudent charlatanry and open
treachery for gain flourish over ua 6plte
of Mr. Bryan, we may elect a Democratic
President- But he. and he alone, baa made
the outlook debatable.
After quoting at length from Wat
terson, Bryan In tho Commoner admits
the severity of the charge, but says:
Mr. Watterson's fury has been hurled at
Mr. Bryaa so frequently that it la becoming
each time mora easy to withstand the shock.
He proceeds to recall the many oc
casions on which Watterson's "forked
tongue has attempted to Inject Its ven
om Into Mr. Bryan's political flesh."
He says that Watterson first cham
pioned Wilson, then repudiated him
and gave Clark lukewarm support. He
says In conclusion:
Well. Mr. Bryan ronfessee that he has not
tried to please Mr. Watterson that may
account for any popularity Mr. Bryan en
Joys, He confesses that he did not consult
Mr- Watterson when be made his fight
against Judge Parker for temporary chair
man. He did not consult Mr. Watterson
when be Introduced the resolution against
Morgan. Ryan and Belmont (wonder If Mr.
Watterson feels alighted, like one of the
financiers did. becauee he was not includ
ed?) and Mr. Bryan did not consult Mr. Wat
terson when he declined to Join with Mr.
Murphy tn nominating a candidate for
President. Mr. Bryan haa pursued the course
which seemed to him moat calculated to
advance the Interests of the Democratic
party. n-d through the Democratic party
the tntereots of tha country. He haa done
most of his work, not only without Mr.
Wattereen'e aid. but in eplie of his oppo
sition. He haa lived to sea the things ha
has advocated become the accepted doc
trines of a great Nation, and he awaits with
out fear the verdict of the people upon bis
work at Baltimore.
In these days, when the bright au
rora borealis of coming victory Irradi
ates the Democratic heavens,
how
good and pleasant a thing It Is fot the
brethren thus to dwell together in
unity!
PERPLEXITY AT HU8C3L
We should like to say or do some
thing to help our good old friend, Mr.
Leeper, of Husum, out of his awk
ward dilemma. He is a protectionist,
but not a standpatter, and he Is
gravely apprehensive of a resorption
of the soup-house era if "free trade
Wilson" shall be elected. Mr. Leeper
has voted for every Republican Presi
dent since 1856, but he draws the line
at Mr. Taft for a second election. His
grievance is that the President lost
his greatest chance to make a hit
with the people when he did not veto
the Payne-Aldrich bill.
Mr. Leeper doubtless has poignant
memories of the stagnation and de
pression of the Democratic period
from 189J to 188, and naturally he
wants no more of It, It may be sup
posed that he has some lingering rec
ollection of other Democratic activi
ties in the earlier days of the Repub
lican party when the war was thought
to be a failure from the standpoint
of Democracy and a Presidential
campaign was ventured in the midst
of a great rebellion on that extraordi
nary issue. Nearly everybody else
has forgotten those dark days for the
Nation and darker days for the Demo
cratic party; but Mr. Leeper"s record
as a Republican appears to Justify the
opinion that his mind occasionally
reverts to them.
Strangely enough, our Husum friend
does ndt mention Colonel Roosevelt
and the Bull Moosers as a haven of
rest for a backsliding Republican.
We wonder why. For Mr. Roosevelt
Is a protectionst. He has affirmed it
over and over, and only recently he
has Indicated that his heart is still
true to Poll on that great Republican
policy. He has lately suggested that
the tariff ought to be reduced, after
impartial and scientific Inquiry into
the cost of production at home and
abroad; but he wants the protective
policy maintained, though a greater
share of its financial benefits should
go to the wage-earner. The Colonel
will not find himself in disagreement
with other protectionists In that laud
able desire. We fancy his friend Mr.
Perkins, of the Steel trust, and Mr.
McCormlck. of the Harvester trust,
being also friends of the people, would
say as much.
But we feel ourselves bound to de
mur at Mr. Leeper"s lugubrious sug
gestion that the time to bury the Re
publican party Is here. It is not. We
would not even permanently bury the
Democratic party.
WHAT IS THE MATTER WITH THE
Bl'IX MOOSE
What has come over the original
promoters of the Bull Moose party?
After vowing that Roosevelt was de
frauded of the nomination and that
they would never support the. bene
ficiary of the fraud, and that they
would shake off the bonds of the boss
controlled party, they are one, by one
dropping away and quietly taking their
places In the Republican ranks. The
latest, but probably not the last, to
take this course Is Senator Dixon, the
man who was loudest in his assevera
tions that the Colonel was the choice
of the rank and file, and the man who
managed his campaign., and was first
to echo the cries of fraud.
The explanation Is probably to be
found In another announcement, pub
lished In a parallel column with that
of Dixon's desertion of the Colonel.
President Taft will take up and an
swer In detail the charge that his nom
ination was due to the seating of
fraudulent delegates. These charges
have been wild and general In their
nature and have not been supported
by calm discussion of the law, party
rules or the evidence. Under careful
dissection they may fade away to
nothing. It was inevitable that so
heated a campaign should develop
among the many contests some
which required close decisions. In
such cases it was natural that the
Individual prejudices of the commit
teemen and delegates should have
caused them to lean to the man of
their choice, but that would Justify
no charge of fraud; there would be
nothing more serious than uncon
scious bias giving one's friends the
benefit of the doubt.
Since the case of the Roosevelt men
has been rested mainly on these
charges of fraud, since Taft is so con
fident that they are baseless that he
is ready to lay all the facts before
the voters and to leave them to Judge,
since there has been such great varia
tion In the number of delegates al
leged to be fraudulently seated, and
since many of the men who were loud
est in making these charges are now
practically abandoning them by ac
cepting the decision of the conven
tion, the third party movement prom
ises to shrink to small proportions. It
may poll a considerable vote and may
indeed win the electoral vote of a few
states, but it has so little excuse for
existence that there is slight proba
bility of its becoming permanent.
TYl'ICAI. StSOJLE TAX TRICKERV.
The single tax feature of that doc
ument now Imposingly known as the
"graduated single tax and exemption
measure" has been put Into the first
words of the official title drafted by
the Attorney-General, although it is
In an inconspicuous paragraph In the
body of the act. The Oregon Journal,
a few weeks ago, presented what it
declared was a synopsis of the act and
entirely overlooked this feature whose
Importance so impressed the Attorney-General.
But the Journal has
now discovered the single tax para
graph and In a revised synopsis slides
gracefully over It, Those less impor
tant, vote-catching. graduated-tax
phases of the amendment still cloud
Its vision, but do not totally obscure it.
The single tax section of the
"graduated, etc., measure," declares
that personal propertynd Improve
ments shall be exempt from taxation
In Oregon. Personal property and
Improvements Include buildings,
manufacturing plants, machinery,
livestock. Jewelry, automobiles, stocks
of merchandise and the like. The
revenues ,now derived from taxing
these things are to be put upon land.
Land Is to bear almost the sole cost
of state and local government. Two
years ago the Fels Fund brigade,
wary of the ominous words "single
tax." talked "land tax" almost alto
gether. "Land tax" Is almost an
equivalent term for single tax. The
"graduated tax measure" Is single tax
with a few deceptive frills.
In discussing the measure, and giv
ing It Its Indorsement, the Journal de
votes a half column to the frills and
dismisses the main feature of the
amendment in these brief words.
The people of any county may vote to tax
personal property and Improvements at a
regular election or at a special election
called by the County Court on petition of 19
per cent of the voters.
The fact that the measure exempts
Jjpersonal property and Improvements J
is left wholly to inference. Moreover,
the measure's newspaper friend neg
lected to mention that the privilege
granted each county of overthrowing
single tax by voting to tax personal
property and improvements within its
limits is practicably unworkable. The
privilege is not there to be used. It
has been placed In the bill to cloud
the issue. Two years ago an amend
ment was adopted giving the voters in
each county the right, if they so willed,
to vote single tax upon themselves.
The hew measure would impose single
tax and give the voters of each county
the right to Vote It off. A twist that it
was hoped would not be detected was
obviously attempted.
But the return to sanity, if this
amendment is adopted, must be at
a general election, or at & Special elec
tion petitioned for by 15 per cent oi!
the voters. Single tax would thus re
main in force at least between two
elections or for two years. The 15 pel
cent of the voters who may petitioi
for a special election must be 15 per
cent of the registered voters. The or
dinary initiative is applied by 8 pet
cent of the voters who voted for Su
preme Judge. The special election
percentage of the single-tax measure
is equivalent to 30 or 25 per cent of
the active Voters. It ' Is practically
prohibitive.
Why Is it, If single tax Is deemed
desirable and thought to be wanted by
a majority of the voters, that it is
necessary to resort to trickery, sly
wording, suppression of facts, gloss
ing over of real intent? Why seek to
get it by initiative logrolling? Why
not come out squarely and fairly with
a single-tax measure and advocate its
adoption as single tax? The Orego
nlan has asked these questions before,
but the paid agents of the FelB Fund
Commission have been too timid to re
ply. Perhaps, now that the Journal
has come out for the single-tax
amendment. It can answer them. But
we doubt that it will.
a REFORMED BABY SHOW.
The baby show projected for the
State Fair next September promises
something more than the display of
silly vanity which is usually expected
on such occasions. The Judges com
monly chosen for baby shows are men
seeking to gain or maintain popular
ity and politicians hungry for votes.
The consequence has been that not
even the prettiest infant won the
prize. Far from it. The prize went
to the child whose mother and other
female relatives had the sharpest
tongues and were likely to create most
disturbance If they were slighted.
Naturally suchN shows were not very
highly esteemed by the Judicious.
It is putting the matter mildly to
say that ordinary baby shows present
nothing which forms a credit to civili
zation. Philosophers weep and saints
groan to think of them. The great re
form contemplated at Salem consists
fundamentally in appointing doctors
to be Judges. By them the angelic
infant whose pale cheeks are caused
by a tuberculous heredity and whose
golden curls conceal nothing but an
empty skull will not be awarded any
prizes.
In this exhibition bones will count
for more than complexions. The baby
which has a sturdy skeleton will stand
higher than its competitor with lily
cheeks and a crooked spine. Mere
prettiness will not gain any credits.
At least so we are given to under
stand, but who can tell what subtle
Influences weeping mothers and vine
gary aunts may not bring to bear upon
the Judges before the award Is made?
Even doctors are not superhumanly
Inflexible.
In our opinion. If babies are to be
Judged at all In a competitive exhibi
tion, the same principles ought to be
applied as In Judging calves or pigs.
General appearance ought to count for
something, but since it is delusive It
ought to be carefully discounted.
After a calf has been ascertained to be
of normal appearance and free from
disease, what weighs most In Its favor?
Its pedigree, of course. The best war
rant we have that It will make a good
cow is the record of Its ancestors. .A
similar rule would be true of babies If
their ancestors had any records, but,
since human beings are less valuable
than cattle. It has not been thought
worth while to keep any account of
their descent.
THE ORIGIN OF SWITZERLAND
Switzerland and the United States
are the only two Federal republics
which have been as stable and endur
ing as monarchies. Both originated
In rebellion against a superior power
which claimed the right to tyrannize
over them, but Switzerland's struggle
was much longer and more furious
than ours. By a war of eight years
the United States conquered Its inde
pendence of Great Britain and but for
the brief conflict of 1812 we' have had
no other serious difficulties with the
mother country. The struggle Jfor
liberty which Switzerland waged with
Austria lasted for many decades and
was renewed time and again. Switzer
land Is a small and mountainous
country containing no great cities of
the modern type. Its inhabitants are
few In number compared with those
of Germany or Russia and the stern
circumstances of their mountain home
have not, permitted them to amass
enormous fortunes such as are com
mon in the United States; but for a
thousand years the Swiss have led the
van of civilization and the free insti
tutions which they have developed In
the security of their Alpine-fastnesses
have served as models for the world.
In Roman times Switzerland was
inhabited by the Helvetians, a Celtic
tribe which figures tragically In Cae
sar's campaigns. Toward the eighth
century the country was invaded by
the Teutonic Alamannl, who enslaved
the aboriginal Helvetians and took
possession of the foil. It Is among
these Invaders that the free Institu
tions of Switzerland originated and
developed. From time immemorial,
as It appears, the country has been
divided Into small districts or cantons,
corresponding with the conformation
of the Alpine valleys, Just as ancient
Greece was subdivided into little
states by the ranges which intersect
It In all directions. Into these recesses
the German Alamannl penetrated, one
after the other, reaching last of all
the forest cantons of Url, Schwiz and
Unterwalden, which He In the heart of
Switzerland on the shores of Lake
Lucerne. These three communities
formed the original confederation
with which the history of Swiss inde
pendence begins. Like most of west
ern continental Europe, Switzerland
was Included, from the time of Charle
magne, in the German Empire which
succeeded to the power and name -of
Rome. Between the feudal Emperor
and his people there were innumerable
nobles of high and low degree who
vied with one another In oppression
and extortion. The lord lived to fight
and revel in luxury. The peasant lived
to toll for the pleasure of his super
iors. The first step toward freedom
which the Swiss took was to emanci
pate themselves from subjection., to
the horde of petty Intervening mag
nates of the empire and win direct
dependence upon the crown. This re
lieved them from Innumerable impo
sitions, but it did not make them a
separate nation.
As the Roman, or German, empire
decayed much of Its power and terri
tory were gathered up by the en
croaching House of Austria, which
surrounded the forest cantons with a
ring of castles and huge feudal es
tates. Naturally the governors of the
Austrian dominions were hostile to
the peasants, who acknowledged no
superior but the Emperor. Aggres
sion from the castles was met by re
sistance in the forest and mountain
passes until finally the struggle as
sumed the magnitude of regular war
fare and in 12 91 the cantons of Uri,
Schwitz and Unterwalden united in a
confederation for defense against the
common foe. In One manner or an
other this federal union has endured
to the present day, but it now in
cludes twenty-two cantons. Two fa
mous victories of the Swiss over the
Austrlans illustrate its early history.
The first was the battle of Morgarten,
fought on November 15, 1316. The
men of the forest cantonB were posted
on the ridge of Morgarten. The Aus
trian knights, glittering in their heavy
armor, rode up the steep mountain
path against them. At a critical mo
ment, while the gay horsemen wero
laughing over the prospect of an easy
victory, a "loud, roaring noise" was
heard above and suddenly an ava
lanche of huge stones descended upon
them, sweeping horse and rider away
Into the abysses below.
The victory of the peasants was
complete, but the Austrlans were a
persevering race, and one disaster did
not discourage them. After an inter
val of seventy-one years they organ
ized another and more formidable in
vasion of . Switzerland, which was met
by the confederated peasants at the
little walled town of Sempach, which
still stands with Its feudal battlements
about ten miles from Lucerne, looking
much as it did on that glorious day
so long ago. The Swiss were out
numbered and the Austrlans were
brave. For a long time the peasants
wasted themselves against the formid
able array of spears which the im
perial footmen presented, seeking
here, there and everywhere for an
opening and seeking in vain. Their
short halberds were useless until they
could come to close quarters, and this
seemed impossible, so firmly stood the
array of the Austrlans with their long
spears thrust relentlessly forward.
The Swiss were giving way at last,
and the day seemed lost, when Arnold
Winkelried rushed out from the ranks
and gathered into his bosom a whole
sheaf of spears, enough to make an
opening for his comrades, who rushed
Into the breach and swept the Aus
trian host to swift destruction. On
the field of Sempach stands a rough
monument of granite Inscribed with
the words, in German, "Here Winkel
ried opened a way for his comrades
In 1386."
After this victory the confederation
rapidly lnareased In power and terri
tory. New cantons Joined the union.
Its armies took an important part In
European wars and a century later
they were powerful enough to rout
the forces of Charles of Burgundy in
a great battle. The time included be
tween the battles of Morgarten and
Murten, In which Charles' power Was
broken, marks the decline of feudal
cavalry and the rise of infantry In
European military history. Morgar
ten was the first Important action In
which knights were .defeated by peas
ants on 'foot. Murten was about the
last In which horsemen In armor
made a stand against the new tactics.
The change Was coincident with the
Increasing use of gunpowder and
the development of ' the Swiss
Confederation.
The incapacity of New York for
self-government Is indicated by a
thousand current Incidents. One of
the most striking Is the Rosenthal
murder, which was perpetrated to
conceal official malfeasance and In
which, It now appears, the police were
accessories if not principals. What
shall we say of the civilization of a
metropolis whose Judges are chosen
by a gang of thieves and whose police
force Includes redhanded murderers?
The observant lad, fed mentally on
the old-time precepts telling that
"Honesty is the best policy," "By In
dustry we thrive," and the like, has
his confidence shattered when he
learns that a wireless promoter gets
paroled-after serving a short term and
returns to enjoy the millions he ac
quired in such manner that a court
sent him to Jail.
If women were to follow Dr. Clar
ence True Wilson's sapient admonition
and confine their activities to "the
home," what would become 'of the
church? Everybody who knows any
thing about th'e modern church ad
mits that Its proeperity depends on
the co-operation of women.
Senator Borah has done another
good work in proposing that the Gov
ernment relieve settlers of claims
against them for abortive reclamation
projects. It Is but equity that the
Government should pay for its own
mistakes and not saddle the burden on
those whom It misled into backing its
Judgment.
Oh the eve of an election the steel
trust has no friends, and its generous
Mmnnlim nrmtrl fruitions of four Vears
ago must be written off to profit and
loss.
The merit In the Boy Scout move
ment Is in taking, the lad into camp
onrl rlvlns- him discipline and knowl
edge that he would not get otherwise.
There must be some cause for
trained nurses going crazy In Port
land. Here Is opportunity for the lo
cal detective to become famed.
Texas finds it necessary to get a rul
ing to keep the negro" from the pri
mary. That is more humane than
the shotgun.
A new bridge goes into use today,
and matter-of-fact Portland views the
event with Its wonted calm.
If the third party men continue their
practice of bolting, each man will be
a party to himself. .
Belmont's testimony at the Inquiry
Into campaign funds will be a dainty
morsel for Bryan.
Predictions of cooler weather are
comforting, if not realized.
The senior Senator from Oregon Is
gazing into the horoscope.
This heat wave Bhould end with a
ripping thunder storm.
ISSUE! TAKEN WITH GOV, WILSON
Labor Unions Defended From Aaper.
ions) of Presidential Candidate.
PORTLAND, July 18. (To the Edi
tor.) In The Oregonlan July IS ap
peared an article under the caption
"What Governor Wilson Said on Labor,"
the text of which was taken from the
Congressional Record. In this report
Mr. Wilson Is Said to have made the
following remarks during the delivery
of a baccalaureate sermon at Prince
ton University In 1909:
Tou know what tha usual standard of the
employe la in our day. It Is to give as
little as ha may for his wages. Labor Is
standardized by the trades-union, and this
is the standard to which It Is made to con
form. No one is suffered to do more than
the average workman can do. In some
trades and handicrafts no one hi suffered to
do more than the least skillful of his fallows
can do within the hours allotted to a day's
labor, and no one may work out of hours
at all or volunteer anything beyond the
minimum. ... It is so unprofitable to
the employer that in some trades if will
presently not be worth while to attempt
anything at all. He had better atop alto
gether than operate at an Inevitable and
Invariable loss. The labor of America li
rapidly becoming unprofitable under Us
present regulation by those who have de
termined to reduce It to a minimum. . . .
Our economio supremacy may be lost be
cause the country grows more and more
full of unprofitable servants.
A man who believes in the justice of
the cause of organized labor must ex
pect to meet with the meddler, the
ingrate, the scorner, the hypocrit, the
envious man, the cynic These men are
so because they know not of this great
work or are selfishly blind. Mr. Wil
son evidently needs to devote a few
hours to the labor question, Investigate
the results for the betterment of man
kind which have been accomplished in
the comparative short life of the or
ganized labor movement and learn of
the hopes for future benefits to society.
I have no thought to enlighten Mr.
Wilson upon the objects of trades
unions, as a man who would make a
statement such as Is accredited to him
Is either Ignorant as to his subject or
purposely misstates. But to those who
have not studied the labor movement I
would say, be not misled by his Prince
ton address.
It Is not true that It is the standard
of the trades unions employe to give
as little as he may for his wages.
While In many trades a standard day's
work has been agreed upon, It Is not
based upon the amount the least skill
ful laborer can do, but Is an agree
ment between the union and employer
and is generally a fair average day's
work. This standard Is to determine
as to a workman's competency and
does not. In any case, restrict the out
put of any employe. - In fact, this
standard is exceeded by the workmen
every day. Also, any man capable of
performing this standard of labor is
welcomed Into the ranks of organized
labor.
As for working out of hours; Mr.
Wilson seems to forget that in many
states women and children are pro
hibited by law from working more than
a stated number of hours. Mert, work
ing where public safety Is concerned,
are also restricted by raw as to the
number of hours they may labor. Labor
agrees with the employer to Work a
certain number of hours for a stipu
lated wage. Unions do not say the men
shall work no longer, but If employed
a greater number of hours the pay
for extra time must be at an increased
rate, generally prlce-and-a-half. This
is that men, women and children may
not be compelled to work beyond the
limit of human endurance not to work
a hardship upon the employer, as Mr.
Wilson would Imply.
If the Governor would take the time
to note the number of business failures
in this country, as given weekly by
Bradstreet and Dun's reports, together
with the financial reports by the same
agencies, then compare them with the
statements of former years, he will
probably conclude the employers of
labor are not suspending operations,
but, on the contrary, are more pros
perous than ever before.
That the labor of America is be
coming unprofitable I deny. Cheapest,
say th-i prudent. Is the dearest labor.
What we buy in a wagon, a carpet, a
hat, a newspaper, is some application
of good sense to a common want Is
it not always best and cheapest to em
ploy a skilled man? For a man to be
skilled he must have rest, recreation,
nourishing food, sanitary workrooms,
time to study, read, wages sufficient to
enable him to live like a man, and I
might add, in order to be a good citizen
and not an "unprofitable servant,"
time to study the political aspirants of
our country, that his ballot may be
cast Intelligently and not for those
who would have their more unfortunate
fellow-beings made slaves or vassals
that they might be more "profitable
servants." EDGAR W. STAHL.
POLITICAL OUTLOOK IS DISMAL.
Old-Tlme Republican Dlnapprovea of
Taft and Fears Wilson.
HUSUM, Wash., July 16. (To the
Editor.) Why not give Taft a rest?
He has already been overworked. Since
he signed the Aldrlch-Payne tariff bill,
which he did not have the courage to
veto, he has been repudiated time and
time again first, at the by-election In
Massachusetts in 1909 when Foss
turned a Republican majority of over
5000 to a Democratic victory of about
the same amount This, has been re
peated in Maine, New York and other
states, and finally the defeat at the
National eleotlon In 1910, when a Re
publican majority of about 66 In the
House was turned over to the Demo
crats with about the same amount
At the recent convention In Chicago
he failed to get delegates from states
that can give him electoral votes.
While he gets the nomination it comes
with a taint that makes the outlook
very serious. All of this shows very
plainly that the masses don't want
him. I am sure he can't get 50 elec
toral votes In November and I don't
believe he can get one-half that num
ber, and if he sticks 'he will drag down
many, If not all, Republicans on the
National ticket and possibly elect Free
Trade Wilson, a splendid man, but with
wrong Ideas and a mossback platform.
And then the devil will be to pay, and
we will have a panio that will make
the Cleveland panio of 1893 "look like
30 cents."
I was at the birth of the Republican
party in my native state, at Blooming
ton, I1L. and heard Lincoln make his
first and most famous Republican
speech in 1856, and I have loyally sup
ported every nominee of the party
since. I am a protectionist, but not a
"stand-patter." I want the American
workman protected for his benefit not
for the exclusive benefit of the trusts.
The Republican party has fallen into
the hands of corrupt ring politicians
like Piatt Depew, Quay, Penrose, Aid
rich, Cannon, Foraker and hosts of
other men of that stripe and if It's
necessary to kill it in order to purge It
of the awful name It has let's kill it
now. As I stoo'd at the cradle In 1856
It will give me great pleasure to stand
at the grave in 1912.
W. M. LEEPER.
Milk Stations Save Babies' Lives.
Kansas City Star.
t. , nnhrnlcen heat and hu
midity of the last two weeks the New
York Babies wenare Association re
ports that not one of the 16,000 babies
, . j -. .v- an mlllr Ktntlnna run
by all organizations In the city, died
In that perioa. ui tno uv.w
In the city, 807 under the age of one
year died last week. The death rate
for last week ameng Infants under one
year Is 122.9. The death rate of the
corresponding week last wear was 149.
Report On a Summer Garden.
Detroit Free Press.
"How are you getting along with
your garden?"
"Fine. I've discovered several shoots
that I'm absolutely sure are weeds,"
O. A. C FAME TOLD .SEW BEALAKD
Writer Dlacnaaea American Inatltntloaa
1b Island Newspaper.
Samuel Pearson In Canterbury Times, Christ
church. New Zealand.
Corvallis State Agricultural College,
Oregon, has 3200 students, and Is said
to be one of the best of Its kind In
America. Graduates from this college
are in demand all over the States. The
training Is practical as well as theo
retical. There is a short course in the
Winter for farmers who have little to
do at that season. When I was in Ore
gon I met an Australian who lived near
the college, and he spoke very highly
of its work. My reason for writing Is
to advocate that the 8outh Canterbury
Education Board, which is wanting an
agricultural instructor, should adver
tise In Oregon, its wants. Oregon state
has a similar climate, characteristics
and the same class of people as one
finds in New Zealand, and was also
settled about the same time, so that a
man from there would "grip" out con
ditions quickly. There Is also a good
State Agricultural College at Manhat
tan, Kan., whose authorities would for
ward literature to those interested.
Whilst on the subject of education, I
would suggest also that education
boards should get samples of the Nat
ural Reading text-book by L. A. Ball,
of the Oakland School Department
California. This contains "phonic" ex
ercises to make scholars speak or
articulate clearly. I was struck with
the clear and perfect articulation of
the "native-born ln Western America,
all owing, I was .j.old. to the state
school phonlo exercises; our New
Zealand rising race Ignores the vowel
sounds or misplaces them, for Instance,
they say "toime" for time, "noine" for
nine, 'folve" for five. The California
state school book on "Civics," by A.
W. Dunn, is also worth securing. It
teaches the scholars amongst other
subjects, the new legislation. The fol
lowing, from page 211. describes the
new act passed last year In California,
known as the Initiative, and referen
dum: .mother method of checking the power of
the Legislature, and at the same time se
curing more direct self-government, is ny
the plan known as the Initiative and refer
endum. The Initiative means that the peo
ple have the power to Initiative, or propose,
legislation which the Legislature must en
act. By this plan, when a certain per
centage of the voters propose a law to tne
Legislature, the latter passes the law ano
then refers It to the vote of 'be people for
their approval or disapproval. This refer
ring the lew to the vote of the people Is the
referendum. By the referendum also, any
law that has been passed by the Legisla
ture may be brought before the people for
their vote, If a certain percentage of the
voters demand it.
Then their' writing lessons 'contain
new exercises. I think that if the pub
lic library committee ordered a full set
of these school books, our young teach
ers would secure new ideas from same.
I beg to suggest that steps should be
taken to get a New Zealand Commis
sion, consisting of members of Cham
bers of Commerce, Trades Councils,
clergymen, members of Parliament and
farmers' clubs and education boards, to
visit California In 1915 at the exposi
tion time, to ascertain the state's meth
ods, to arrive at a better understand
ing with this great people and ar
range for the exchange of school teach
ers The New Zealanders have hardly
grasped the fact that we are only -0
days' steam from the United States.
New Zealand Is badly advertised in
Western America. There this country
Is looked Upon as very progressive. I
regret to hear that Spreckels' Bteameri,
are not going to call at New Zealand.
BETTER BEACH SERVICE POSSIBLE
Return From Newport Require Rlatns
at Early Hour.
PORTLAND, July 18. (To the Edi
tor.) On a recent return trip from
Newport we left there as per schedule
on the 6:46 A. M. boat and on arriving
o VannlnA Wft had a wait of 35 min
utes over the usual starting time, to
allow of freight being put on ooaro,
notwithstanding the fact that both
freight and train had lain over at Ya
quina over night and the freight might
have been put on board previous to the
arrival of the passengers.
I asked one of the offlolals If we
would be late In reaching Albany and
was Informed that we would make up
the lost time within an hour, which we
certainly did, and that on an up grade
with a small, antiquated engine that
had to be tinkered up on the way.
Now, seeing that a full half hour is
wasted, why don't the company time
its boat to leave Newport at 7:16 A. M.
instead of 6:45. This would be an ac
commodation to the Nye Beach people,
who have usually to be astir between
6 and 6 A. M. on the morning of their
return. If Newport is going to hold its
own It will have to Improve its train
service In keeping with other beach
resorts where there Is no unnecessary
delay of 35 minutes after being en
it can be eiven
i irainoo. nw"6""' . .
the company for the closer connection
.1 A 1 Vn n i anil nllTlbT
that is now naa
one to reach Portland .Um
"We" In the Accusative.
CENTRALIA, July 17. (To the Ed
itor.) The editorial page of The Ore
gonlan is usually, as It should be, a
model of good English. That is why
one cannot help being mildly shocked
at the phrase "for we English-speaking
folks" I have heard college gradu
ates iise the word we In the accusative,
but don't believe I have ever seen it so
used before In a dally paper. The
phrase mentioned la at the bottom of
the first column in Wednesday's issue.
Please pardon me for not signing any
name, as I don't court notoriety, espe
cially over a matter of grammar.
L.
Pardon Is readily granted, and due
acknowledgment is made of the criti
cal kindness of an unknown corres
pondent who detected an error a gross
error that somehow escaped the ob
servation of all, apparently, except our
Centralla friend. It may be well to
explain that the original sentence was
correctly framed by the writer, and
duly passed by the editor; but It seems
to have been unable In that form' to get
by an officious proofreader with a col
lege education.
SUNDAY FEATURES
Did U. S. Give Away Billion Dollars? Government agents now
contend that oil lands are unlawfully held. Story of greatest suits
ever filed. Full page, illustrated by photos.
Warlike Prince Tamed by Love And the love affair of 'Ger
many's future ruler centers about his own wife. An unusual illustrated
feature.
Cooking Courses to Cnre Divorce Initiative has been taken in
teaching school children the elements of successful home-making. An
illustrated page article of the widest interest.
The Diplomat's Love Story An account of the pretty romance
that gave to the Russian Ambassador- at AVashington his American
wife.
Duplicating Parisian Styles An absorbing illustrated half page
from a Paris correspondent which gives valuable hints to those who
would be smartly gowned.
Will Congress Choose Our Next President? A keen analysis of
the situation made by political sages.
' Three Short Stories, illustrated.
The Jump-Dps get mixed up in a bees' nest and the other color
comic people have new frolics. Many Other Features.
OEDEB TODAY FEOM YOUR NEWSDEALER.
The Tried and True
By Dean Collins.
Once in a while I look about
The seething mob of human creatures
And spot a chap who bears a large
Bandana not to mop bis features.
Nay, not to mop from off his dome
The trickling streams ot perspira
tion. Which plague the plump and thin alike
In these hot days of aestivation.
It serveth no utility.
Not even stunts of flirt' or frolic
For this bandana is a thing
That is essentially symbolic.
It marks the firm, undaunted man,
' Whose noble pulse responds anu
quickens
To Galahad T. Roosevelt,
Whose heart Is purer tnan the dick
ens. It marks the strong, unflinching gink.
Who to a star his cart hath hooked.
Prepared to uphold to the end
"My Teddy whether straight or
crooked I"
It marks "the sovereign people's friend.
Who by his shield stands ever ready
To leap into the seething fray
For Justice" as conceived by Teddy.
I watch the stalwart forms of them.
As each about the sidewalk lingers.
And count them slowly, one and all,
On all my toes and several fingers.
True, to compute the total roll
Of brave pro-Theodore emphatlcs
Drives me not far Into the realm
Of forms of higher mathematics;
But numbers, In polltlo war.
Are, after all, a mere delusion
Oft a mere handful can kick up
A heap of dust and some confusion.
I love to look upon the crowd
Of mortals, Joyous, sad or cranky.
And spot Just here and there at times
The bright symbolic Teddy hanky;
Because it shows that In the race
Still Is there, sometimes, born and
bred one
Who, spite of all that may occur,
Will still have rev'rence for a dead
one.
Half a Century Ago
From The Oregonlan of July 19, 1882.
From Washington we learn that a
desperate contest Is going on In the
committees between Colonel Wallace,
Delegate from Washington Territory,
and Victor Smith, special agent for the
Treasury Department for the Coast, on
the subject of the removal of the port
of entry from Port Townsend (made
famous by J. Ross Brown's pictures)
to Port Angeles, opposite Victoria. The
latest accounts represent Colonel Wal
lace as getting the best of the agent
but the trouble with the latter seems
to be In not knowing how to surren
der. New York. July 11. The correspond
ent of the Times was present at the
arrival of the President at Merrlam's
Landing. McClellan with several other
Generals, visited him on board the ves
sel, after which the President and Gen
eral had a private conference and pro
ceeded to Sumner's headquarters, where
they took horses and proceeded to visit
the encampment The President ad
dressed the soldiers. He said he had
come to learn the situation of affairs
and he should go back satisfied. It
was reported they had been whipped,
but It was not so. He knew they would
prove equal to the task before them
and never give up without going to
Richmond. After what he had seen he
would 'return to Washington satisfied
that it would be all right with the
Army of the Potomac. ' ,
Vlcksburg, July-?. The rebels re
cently made an attempt to strengthen
their earthworks on the bluff, but were
driven away by the mortars. Most of
the houses In the city are riddled.
We are Indebted to Mr. Troup, of
steamer Vancouver, for the following
official returns of Clark County. W. T.,
held July 14, 1862. For Joint Council
man Hiram Cochran, Union, 181; T. H.
Smith, Secesh, 150; for Representatives
C. C. Stiles, Union, 169; R. T. Lock
wood, Union. 124; William Rauch.
Union. 169; Jay D. Potter, Secesh. 184:
T. J. Fletcher, Secesh, 167; W. Bratton,
Secesh, 166; D. W. Gardner, Independ-
. o, t- ni.t.lnt Aft nrtlPV W G.
eiiL, rwi - ' - " ' .
LanEforrt Union, 169; H. G. Btone, Se-
- ' -r. L . . T . . .1 Tr XT
cesh, 17b. i or rruuam uu8c .
Abbott Union. 162; A. J. Lawrence,
Secesh, 170. For County Commissioner
Levi Douthltt, Union, 161; W. H. Dit
ton, Secesh, 186. For School Superin
tendent J. O. Raynor, Union, 156; R.
Covington. Secesh, 178. For County
Treasurer John D. Biles, Union, 175:
i w D.i..in s.ah lfiK- For Sheriff
Thomas Turnbull, Union, 146; John
Anld Secesh. 195. For Auaitor r. j..
McConuell, Union, 138; P. Ahern, Union
Democrat 261. For Assessor M. R.
Hathaway. Union, leu; J. nraoeo, oc
cesh, 189. For Coroner M. Shea, Union,
168; A. J. Cole, Secesh, 162.
There Is a contest about the ferry
privilege across the river opposite this
city between Mr. Knott the lessee or
assignee of James Stevens, the owner
of the soil on the opposite bank, and
Colonel Trush, to whom a license was
granted by the County Commissioners.
An appeal has been taken upon this
grant by Mr. Knott and the landings
of his steam ferry have been changed
from near the Courthouse to the foot
of Stark street the place designated
in the license to Colonel Trush.
Old Bridge limbers Stand Teat.
Baltimore American.
Tests show that bridge timbers which
had been a quarter of a century in
service were stronger than selected
pieces of timber a year old which had
been passed as first-class building ma
terial. Most Anelent Bonlt-Deatroyer.
Indianapolis News.
The most ancient destroyer of books
known was the Babylonian king, Na
bonasser, who. In the third century,
B. C, destroyed all the records of the
reigns and rulers precedent to himself.