FRIDAY. JUNE 7, 1012.
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C)lRYl0 TUB WAR TO KJOHETXLT.
'frssldent Taft controls tha Repub
lican National committee. Of that
fact thers la no longer doubt. If ther
vr wu doubt. Even Manager Dixon
xvta It. Colonel Roosevelt aea It Tha
Ruosevett leaders all It. The Taft
managers hav known It all along.
But. having this great power, how
arXth President and hla advisers to
nss It? Evidently they ara pressing
tha fight from tha mart. They will
SMt all. or nearly all. the Taft dele
gate. In the contested cases. Tha con
tests from the South have Indeed little
wiHt Rut the contest from a atata
Ilka Washington, for example, haa
gttat merit. The committee may not
have the temerity to throw out entire.
Ij the Roosevelt delegate from Waah
lrHon. It la more likely to aeek a
catopromlae by splitting the delega
tltatt. Colonel Roosevelt may not be
pleased at stich a proposal; but the
catomlttee, or 1U majority, U not go
In far out of lta day to please- tha
Chjonel.
' Mr. Taft will press hla advantage at
.r-r .ten. He will seat hla own dele-
(.. Ha will make Root the tern
ptrary chairman. He will control tha
rammltteea on credentials and on plat-
farm, nrobably. It will be a Taft con-
aatinn 1f manlnulntton and the
YY -
hum roller can make It.
"Oolonel Roosevelt may bolt. He haa
talked abont bolting. He naa tnreaf
ened It repeatedly. It looka as If he
lato have the opportunity: and It
looks also as If It Is the purpose of
th Taft faction to force him to make
fits threat good or to stay and take a
bajtlng and ssy he llkea It.
THB DEBATE OX CA.NAI. TfrlXS.
A communication from W. D.
Wheelwright, published yesterday, re
news and extends the controversy aa
to how far we can favor American
ships using the Panama Canal without
Invlnar ourselves open to the cnarge
that we have violated the terms of the
Hay-Pauncefot treaty, under which
we obtained the exclusive right to own
and operate the canal. The Oregonlan
has contended that we cannot allow
American ships to u.e the canal toll-
free, or rebate tolls to them, without
expoMng ourselves to such an accusa
tion avith rood cause. But we have
contended that, foreign shlpa being ex.
eluded from coastwise commerce,
there would be no discrimination In
our exempting our coastwise ships
from tolls. Mr. Wheelwright agrees
with ua on the first plnt. but takes
Issue with us on the second.
Article of the May-Pauncefote
treaty reads:
Tha frill-d Htatea aopta aa thai bali
af nrtitrallsitlnn of lurh hlp cnl thaj
following rwl.o. ouhotMntlally a oanbodlod
n tb convention oe fonolanttnopla-. alsnod
tn SSta ol Uctoofr, inr ma irw
laatinn of tha Hurt ranat, that la to say:
1. Tha ranal ahall b fr an1 open tn
tha vaBMala of commerf an4 of war of
u nation oharvtn thra rulra on torma
of ontlr aualHy. o tht thair hall b no
dlarrlmtnatlon aaalnat urh ntlon or
rltlsn or tihj-fta In r--p-rt of th con
nttlono or aliariH of traffic or otharwlaa.
Such contlltlima and rharm of traffic ahall
y Juat and aqultahl-. ,
The agitation for exemption from
tolls of all American ships, both for
elgn-golng and coastwise, brought
forth an Instant charge from British
newspapers that thjs course would be
a violation of the treaty. Secretary
Stlmson. on the other hand, contended
III a speech at Kan a City that pay-
ment hv Russia and Austria of the
tolls of vessels of those nations using
tfee Sues Canal has not been held to
be a violation of the Identical clause
to the Sues Canal treaty. We should
buve, therefore, a good precedent, but
tfie charge of treaty-breaking would
nevertheless be vehemently made. The
oniestlon for ua to decide Is whether
II Is worth while even to expose our
selves to such a charge. If the end
sought ran be as well or better at
tilned In another way. The Oregonlan
ttilnks not.
r The case of American coastwise
liips differs materlitlly from that o
tir ' foreign-going ships, for foreign
ships are excluded by law from coast
wise commerce. No foreign ships be
iiig engnged In that commerce, there
$tn obviously be no discrimination
gk-alnst foreign ships In our granting
free use of the canal to our coastwise
stilps. As we understand him. Mr,
Wheelwright contends that discrlml
nation would result against foreign
ships because the effect -would be to
compel foreign ships with cargoes for
Pacific Coast ports to transship to toll
(tee American coastwise vessels at
Jo me Atlantic port rather than pro
Wed through the canal themsclve
And pay tolls.
I The toll proposed Is II per net regis
tered ton. which Is equivalent to about
4j4 cents per ton of cargo. The extra
n-eight for the longer voyage from
Liverpool to San Francisco via New
York and the cost of transshipment
Jould probably exceed the toll paid
V the foreign ship went direct from
Liverpool to San Francisco. The dls
Crimination thiut disappears. Mr,
W heelwright also urges that we may
ft some future time admit forelg
fessels to our coastwise trade. Whe
i do, we can subject all coastwise
(osselja, American and foreign, to toll
and avoid discrimination. we are
Sealing with conditions as they are.
ot as they will be at some future
I me.
As The Oregonlan has repeatedly
fftrmed. this whole controversy can
i) effectually settled by adopting the
lollcy of free shlpa for foreign trad,e,
;lvlng Amerlcan-bullt ships a monop
oly of coastwise trade. The professed
purpose of the free toll advocates la
o promote the upbuilding of an Amer
ican merchant marine by giving our
ships an advantage over foreign ships.
An advantage of tl per net registered
ton, equivalent to 2V4 cents per ton
of cargo. Is absurdly Inadequate. Pub
lic opinion has shown Itself firmly op.
posed to any subsidy which would be
adequate; la fact, the subsidy advo
cates have not ventured to ask for any
subslsdy which la adequate. They have
only sought to insert the thin end ot
the wedge. With free ahlpa we ah.-iuld
build up an American-owned, though
forelga-bullt. merchant marine, which
could compete en equal terms with
ships of all nations. They would need
no free use of tha canal, ana we coma
keen ourselves clear of any suspicion
of t realty-breaking without sacrifice tf
our material Interests.
THE IND AXD THE SttA.
Mr. Meadows presents in fairly ac
curate form the customary Indictment
against Mr. Roosevelt. All he says Is
perfectly familiar, and much of It la
perfectly true. But what are you go
ing to do about it?
Mr. Meadows has millions of sym
pathisers who believe that the election
of, Mr. Roosevelt to be President
means the end of constitutional gov
ernment and the beginning of auto
cratic sule. There are other millions
who think nothing of the kind. They
are for Roosevelt because he does
things. The end Justifies the means.
No matter what he says, they think
he means well:, no matter what he
does, they think his Intentions are
above suspicion; no matter what he
proposes, they think he will make It
right In the end.
Mr. Meadows can scarcely think that
his arraignment will make the slightest
mpreaslon on the Roosevelt following.
The things he says have been said
over and over again. The only re
sponse appears to be a 2-to-l vote for
Roosevelt In the Presidential primaries.
If the people dislike a party boss
they strike him down with Roosevelt.
If they are disgusted with Lorlmer.
they manifest It by lauding Roosevelt.
If they would rise against Penrose.
they repudiate Taft in achieving that
boas' downfall.
If they are dissatisfied with reci
procity, they vote for Roosevelt, who
with Taft upheld reciprocity.
If they are alarmed about La Fol-
lette. they beat him with Roosevelt, his
twin, not Taft, his opposite.
If they are stirred up about the tar,
Iff, they make war on Taft by uphold
Ing Roosevelt, who held the Taft new.
If they are alarmed about the third
term, they save an exception in favor
of Roosevelt.
If they complain about their own
mistake in accepting Roosevelt's ad
vice to make Taft his successor, they
redeem the error by proposing Roose
velt for his successor's successor.
So it goes. Nothing counts against
Roosevelt, everything counts against
Taft. He does things. No matter why
or how he does them, he does them.
The end Justifies the means.
MOSQIITOKD AND IX IKS.
The mosquito and fly season is at
hand. Wild beasts of both these spe
cies are small as far as mere stature
Is concerned, but they are far more
destructive of human beings than
lions and rattlesnakes are. Probably
the typhoid fly is responsible for more
deaths than all other animal foes of
mankind together, and the mosquito
comes next to him. riles preea in
filth of any sort. that happen to He ex.
posed. Their taste knows no prefer
ences. The refuse from stables, gar
bage from the kitchen, a little neglect
ed dirt In the corner of a room. Is all
they need to lay their eggs and bring
forth young in countless multitudes to
plague and slaughter human beings.
It Is said on excellent authority that
files killed more soldiers than bullets
In the Spanish War. and the same may
be said of every war that haa been
fought. The way to get rid of flies is
to keep all premises free from rubbish.
The rule for destroying mosquitoes Is
Just as simple but a trifle more dim
cult to apply. Mosquitoes come from
wlgglers" which hatch from eggs laid
In dump places. -
A barrel of rainwater which has
stood a few weeks at the corner of the
house Is more than likely to be alive
with wlgglers, which in due time will
turn into mosquitoes and exact their
tribute of blood from suffering human
Ity. A quart of stagnant water in a
pail under a tree la an excellent breed
ng place for the pests, and will pro
duce thousands of them In a short
time. Any pool or puddle a yard across
s good for at least a million. As the
Columbia goes down after the June
freshet mosquitoes hatch in countless
billions In the marshes and fly forth on
their sanguinary mission. Fortunately
very few of our local mosquitoes be
long to the malaria-carrying variety.
If they did, Oregon would be unlnhab.
(table, like the Roman Campagna, at
least In the parts near the great river.
The wlgglers from which mosquitoes
emerge cannot live without air, which
they get by swimming to the surface
now and then. A little kerosene
poured on the water fills their gills and
smothers them. Hence the sovereign
remedy for mosquitoes is kerosene
poured on their breeding pools, but of
course It is better still to drain the
pools and keep them drained. A pint
of kerosene will form a film over h
an acre of water and effectually dis
pose of the wlgglers It may contain
but the treatment must be repeated
from time to time, because new broods
are continually hatching.
KEKP THE BALLOT KTfORT.
A multiplicity of freak, unimportant
or local measures on the ballot in the
next election will most certainly en
danger the fate of the really conse
quential laws or amendments that are
to be submitted. There is indisputa
ble evidence that a cumbersome, com
plicated ballot breeds disgust or de
spalr In the mind of the voter. The
Inclination under such circumstances la
to repulse a large part of the burden
offered him. Only the simplest and
most fundamental measures will re
ceive his consideration. He will vote
"no" on the remainder.
It is an encouraging report that
comes from Salem that petition clrcu
lators are finding It a hard task to get
names. Time was when the plea, "W
are not asking you to vote for this bill
only to give the people a chance to
approve or reject it." gained almost
everybody's signature. As an accepted
argument It has cheapened the Initia
tive. Heeding it has tended to bring
direct legislation Into disrepute and
haa interfered with- essential lawmak
Ing. Happily there Is now evidence
that many voters will not sign an lnl
tlatlve petition if they know offhand
that they cannot approve the measure
at the polls. . It is a wise determina
tlon. It is one that should be adopted
by more of the real friends of the
initiative and referendum.
It should be recalled by' the voters
that there are some measures that, as
a result or the extension of the "peo
ple s ruie, musi go before the voters.
We have deprived the Legislature of
tne power to regulate taxation and ex
emptlons. The tax reforms and ex
em pi Ions proposed by the Tax Com
mission must go before the people for
action. UKewise the placing of Unl
verslty and Agricultural College rsve-
nuea on a mlilaga basis must be sub
mitted to the voters.
. U'hiiai thaa Larlalatura la not restrict
ed In the matter of enacting roadbulld
Ing laws, experience has shown that
cnnfllrttna- Views on this subject can
not be weighed accurately by the Leg
islature, or II compromised, are naeiy
to be vetoed.
RnrTi-aa-a cannot be rranted to
women without the enactment of a
constitutional amendment, ana consti
tutional amendments must go befors
the voters.
v haw akn denrlved the Legisla
ture of the power to create new coun
tlea and consolidate cities. These is
sues must, under present laws, go be
fore the voters or tns wnoie state, xci
county divisions and city consolidations
are purely local measures, concerning
whose merits the great majority 01 me
people of the state can know nothing.
In tat A an vntatm m nhaticAllV DTO-
tested against the submission of such
questions by disapproving every one ot
the several county division schemes
presented.
The logical course in the county di
vision blockade is to submit under tha
Initiative a measure providing a
method for local determination of such
questions. To present bills for the cre
ation of new counties at thla time is a
tnnlhinla nrnrlaa and a Waste of
the Individual's and taxpayer's money,
Tii.tr will ant nana and thev are likely
to carry down to defeat the only bill
. ... .w - A I -
mat Will or caua givo mw wuuij
vlslonlsts relief.
These matters have been cited to
ahnw the need fo keening useless.
hopeless, fantastic and unduly compli
cated measures ore tne dsuol. i ne
voters will have plenty to do in study
ing the needed or worthy measures
that the Legislature cannot pass upon.
If you know you cannot support a
meaumraa. rafnaa to slam tha petition.
Its presence on the ballot may defeat
the measures you aesire to see en
acted. CCRFEW RF.DIYIVI S.
The curfew ordinance virtuously
maintaining its place upon the stat
utes of many municipalities. Including
our own, and generally disregarded, is
to be awakened Into activity at Hood
River next Monday evening. After the
hour of o'clock P. M. the hour
when at this season of the year day
ceases and night begins minors will
not be allowed upon the streets of
that town unless accompanied by their
parents or guardlana.
This law, like all others is good oniy
when it is enforced. As a sleeping
statute It Is pernicious In that It en
courages disregard for law and con
tempt for authority. Its purpose is a
most worthy one. It is founded in the
well-known fact that the lure of mis
chief la stronger after dark than dur
ing daylight hours, and that If chil
dren are kept out of mischief until
they utaln years of discretion ther ate
much less likely to swell the criminal
ranks than if left to follow their own
devices and the devlcea of their imma
ture companions before that period.
The surprise in connection with the
curfew law. is that the necessity for
Its enactment Is not forestalled by the
prudence and authority of parent. No
father is so Ignorant as not to be
aware of the fact upon which thU law
Is based, and no mother is so lack'ng
tn worldly wisdom as not to know that
her young children should be at home
when night falls. Manifestly, there
fore, the moral necessity that underlies
the curfew ordinance Is founded, not
In parental Ignorance, but In parental
irresponsibility.
This law Is therefore a reproach to
Daren ts. while under the circumstances
the failure to enact and enforce it Is f
reproach to the municipality, ard a
menace to the morals of an otherwise
unsupervised element in the commu
nitythe children of irresponsible
parents.
saircATiox and Ercmra.
Professor Earl Barnes, of Stanford
University, explained In a lecture the
other day how the problem of educa
tlon has been reduced to a problem In
eugenics. Teachers learned that their
efforts were In large part wasted on
less they could have healthy, well
nourished and Intelligent children to
work upon. To secure such material
the school was forced to Invade the
home and investigate the domestic
condttiona under which children lived.
They found many of the homes of
the country divided into two classes.
In one the inmates were so badly pro
vided for that they could not develop
normal minds and bodies. In the o'.htT
class excessive luxury produced conse
quences equally undesirable. Of course
these two classes do not Include all
the- households in the country, but far
too many fall Into one or the other of
them. From such conditions It Is not
reasonable to expect children to
emerge who offer the best material fcr
the teacher to work upon. He Is
therefore obliged to ask how the con
ditions may be changed for the better
The school demands normal, children.
How are normal children to be secured
In the homes of the very poor and the
excessively rich?
Back of the subject of adequate food
and proper home Influences lies the
more fundamental question of hered
ity. No doubt abnormal traits of
mind and body are Intimately related
to nutrition. An Improperly sour
lshed parent cannot bring Into the
world offspring who are able to hsld
their own in the race for eminence. A
child born in a poverty-stricken home
ts handicapped from the beginning by
the effects of malnutrition before birth.
while In the earliest years of his child
hood the handicap is made more re
vere by bad food, scanty clothing an!
lack of care. All these tend to stunt
the body and Impair the mental facnl
ties. If every household in the coun
try could be provided with wholesome
food In suitable quantities, the number
of defective pupils In the public
schools would fall off very rapidly and
finally approach zero. But some would
still remain. When we have made all
possible allowances for the terrible ef
fects of bad nutrition upon the young,
both before and after birth, we cannot
escape the fact that there Is a class of
defectives whom care and food could
not change much for the better. They
are the congenital idiots, the born
criminals, the unhappy children who
come Into the world lacking aome of
their normal sensea
Hence the question of eugenics, as
Professor Earl Barnes looks at it. Is
resolved Into the double problem of
providing suitable nourishment for the
young before birth as well as after it,
together with the equally difficult task
of providing them with the right kind
of parents. When are can bring our
selves to lay aside flummery and folly,
we are forced to admit that the most
Important duty of any nation is to
keep up the standard of Its citizenship
and Improve it If possible. The only
way to do this Is to begin with the
young, the sooner the better. It Is ab.
surd to look for robust adults from
generation which was starved during
Its early years. No atockgrower Is
simple-minded enough to expect a
steer to reach profitable weight at ma
turity unites it is well fed when It Is a
calf. The same rules of nutrition ap
ply to human beings as to steers. If
they are starved In the cradle, they
will make thin and weaxened men and
women. The malnutrition of infants
la the principal reason why we see so
many stunted and deformed adults on
the street.
But It is also absurd to expect a
child to become a healthy. Intelligent
adult when It has been blighted before
birth by the transmissible defects of
Its parents. An Idiot is doomed to re
main an idiot all its life. Expert train.
Ing can do something for It, but not a
great deal. The congenital blind must
remain blind to the end of their days.
Modern education can mitigate the
hardship of their lot, but after all It
remains hard. It were far better for
the world If there were no Idiots, no
congenital blind or deaf, - no infants
tainted with syphilis. Happily, it is
an entirely feasible project to prevent
these transmissible defects from
blighting the next generation. The
only thing necessary Is to make off
spring impossible for such persons as
are certain to produce defective chil
dren If they produce any.
Professor Earl Barnes gives some
reason to believe that nearly all the
Idiots In New Jersey are descended
from one or two parent stocks. If
three or four people had been steril
ized a century or two ago. New Jersey
would have had very few Idiot children
to look out for now. Investigation
would reveal similar facts In the other
states. Defective strains are not very
numerous, but they are prolific. The
only way to stamp them out Is to ap
ply the resources of modern science to
prevent them from multiplying. Seven
states of the Union now have merciful
laws for sterilizing congenital crimin
als and Insane. The operation can be
performed without Impairing such
self-respect aa they may possess, and
under modern surgical conditions It Is
almost painless. Brleux bases one of
his accusing plays upon the fact that
this simple operation may be used to
free vicious practices from some of
their disagreeable consequences. Dr.
Saleeby has a page or two on the same
subject In his "Surgery and Society."
But we are not concerned with this
aspect of the matter. The only point
we wish to make Is that science has
rendered It possible to sterilize congen.
Itally undesirable individuals aafely
and almost painlessly. Hence the plea
of cruelty can no longer be made
against the practice. Indeed It Is
broadly humanitarian because It not
only saves such persons from the evil
consequences of their own conduct,
but It Insures the welfare of the com
Ing generation.
The great object for which the pro
moters of the eugenic philosophy ara
now working is to build up what they
very happily call the "eugenic con
science." Love between the sexes Is
more amenable to discipline than any
other passion. In spite of all that ro
mancers say to the contrary. It Is
not many hundred years, for example.
since marriage between brothers and
sisters was deemed proper enough.
Now It Is abhorrent to everybody. The
purpose of the eugenic conscience Is to
make the marriage of unfit Individuals
as abhorrent as Incest Is at present,
and there Is no doubt whatever that
thla end can be attained by education.
The popular superstition that woolen
underwesr is more hygienic than cot
ton or linen la accountable for much
suffering In abnormally warm weather.
Many worklngmen fancy their health
is not safe unless they wear heavy wool
next the skin all Summer. The truth
Is that cotton mesh Is far preferable
to flannel even in Winter, since It stim
ulates the skin to perform Its proper
functions. In very warm weather a
single thin cotton garment such as
Clnctnnatus had on when he was made
dictator would be the Ideal attire for
health and comfort
Abe Ruef tells nothing new in d
scribing the manufacture of mislead
ing party platforms In San Francisco
by the corporations. The trick la an
old one which has been played In al
most every city In the United States.
The habitual farce of making plat
forms only to Ignore them after elec
tion has brought both political parties
Into odium with many Intelligent vot
ers.
The ordinary citizen dislikes to serve
Juror In a murder trial. Resort to
excuse to escape Is only human. Tet
the ordinary citizen is the proper man,
not the professional Juror. Jury duty
Is a burden Imposed by civilization and
must be borne. The man disposed to
shirk It should consider the feelings of
the Judge who presides and cannot get
away from It.
The Oakland mother who broke her
hand In spanking her daughter doubt
less encountered fortifications such
Ingenious children occasionally devise
to protect the spank sections of their
anatomies from stern parents.
Four hundred marines have been
landed in Cuba. That seems an un
reasonably large force of real Ameri
cans to send against a mere 10,000 or
so Latin-Americans.
Milton held its annual strawberry
Festival yesterday. Milton la in the
region where the berries grow ao largs
they muat be sliced to get Into the
shortcake.
Vancouver mutes are to sing by
signs. Now there's a new method that
many of our talented vocalists might
take up to advantage. .
There should be a dictaphone to
catch the Colonel's remarks upon the
observations and reflections and And
Ings by "bear Maria."
The Aberdeen students played horse
with Andy Carnegie Just to remind him
he was a Scot In spite of his money.
. By working overtime this week the
purity squad can save visitors much
embarrassment during the Festival.
Portlanders are hard at work on the
decorations and the weather is Just as
busy making the roses.
The McNamaras are finding life irk
some in San Quentln, but that is why
they were sent there.
Although she hanged witches, Mas.
sachusetts could not send Mrs. Consu-
mano to the chair.
The class yells of the Vancouver
mute school will make a ripple In a
moving picture.
"Watch your Iceman," warns the
city sealer of weights. But we prefer
to fnv him.
Now the aphis Is attacking Valley
grain, Bug will yet be the doom of
man.
ROOSEVELT AXD TIIIXGS HE DOES
Writer CaitruM Practlcr aad rreark-
laaa af Es-Prvwldeat.
PORTLAND. Or, June t To tha
Editor.) George Watklns' letter telling
whv we are for Roosevelt" is val
uable as showing the need of political
nartlea and men of brains and states
manship to run the partlea. and also to
prova tha value of advertising.
Mr. Watklns says r. - ooes minx.
No one questions the statement. He
does things to boost T. R.
He talks on the sin of race suicide.
but hla grandchildren are not aa yet
multltudlnoua. H ralla them "Molly-
coddles," "Undesirables." and "preda
tory rich."
He writes to E. it. narriman: -ws
are practical men com to sea ma at
tar election.
Ha wages war on the bosses when
bosses ar against him. but said noth
ing against Aldrlch and "Uncle Joe"
Cannon while they were shaping T.
K. s legislation.
Senator Root was a first-class Cabi
net member, but an "undesirable" as a
temporary chairman of a convention
that may not sea fit to taka T. R's
programme.
He allows the Steal Trust to absorb
the Tenneaaee Coal A Iron Company
while he talks of ousting the trusts.
H says: "Let the people rule." and
takes Messrs. Perkins and McCormick
tor his campaign managers. Both of
them are good men to have on your
note. Perkins Is full partner of J. P.
Morgan and McCormK-k head of tha
Harvester Trust and son-in-law of
John I. Rockefeller. Lat the peopla
rulfl He does things! O. temporal
Theodore I. advertises. He makes big
rolse. B'.g noise makes plenty votes.
Votes make big man and get more ad
vertising.
If you will search the pagea of his
tory you will find that in 189 Theo
dore L said: "Even if Bryan Is elected
the people will not allow Mm to oc
cupy the executive chair." or words to
that effect. Tet he says'. "If I am an
anarchist, so wss Lincoln."
The writer participated In the Pan
Juan Hill fracaa, and he knows, aa
every other aoldlar In the expedition.
that Colonel Koosevelts part In that
battli was largely advertising matter.
He used tha negro regiments' exploits
to line up negre delegates for T. It.
Ha took all tha glory for T. It, hK
Kough Rider and tha nerroea. to tha
detriment of whit veterans who rard
hell at Oettyaburg. fhiloh and Tot
Wilderness. He does things! O. Mores!
I am a traveling man, of soma onaerva
t.on. and I may say. without vanity, of
average Intelligence. I hare a-sea
lfliiO men why they are for T. It. and
I have yet to find one able In any way
to Justify his adherence to Mr. Roose
velt. He ts wU advertised. That la
his only reliance. It tak-a money to
advertise. Therefore. Harrlman In 1904
and Perkins. McCormick and Plnrhot
In 1912. He does things! He does?
What does ha do?
JOHN GREEN MEADOWS.
TEACHERS HATE BICHT TO KXOW
Droaplaa f latrtjrtr Without dtatetl
Cause la frit tela.
PORTLAND. June . (To th Edi
tor.) Several teachers who have been
employed for a number of years In the
Portland public schools have been no
tified that th district will not requlr
their aervlcea after completion of th
present year's work. No explanation
has been offered. Not ona of them wss
cited to appear before the board of
dlrectora. In answer to charge pre
ferred by her principal. The latter sim
ply recommended that she bo not re
employed, without deigning, as far as
is known, to give a reason, ana witn-
out having made any complaint what
ever to her of her work.
Thla is manifestly unfair. If the
teacher's work Is not satisfactory, she
has a right to know at what point she
has failed. If she Is simply persona
non grata to the principal, the cauae
therefor may be a trifling one. and the
teacher who, perhaps through earnest
nesa in her work, perhaps through hav
ing revealed qualifications for the
work superior to his own. has Incurred
his dislike or fear, should be given
work In another building after thia
fact has been made known by a proper
hearing of the case. As matters now
stand, a narrow. Jealous, bigoted prin
cipal may work great Injustice upon a
competent, faithful. conscientious
teacher, wholly unquestioned oy mwia
in authority and without the teacher
being given a chance to present ner
side of the question.
This Is a point upon which candi
dates for a place on the School Board
at th coming election should b asked
to declare themselves. Justice demands
that a teacher should be given a hear
ing upon charges duly presented by her
principal, before she Is dropped from
the roll. Let a point be mad of this
matter at the coming school election to
the end that this Injustice be no longer
suffered. Surely no teacher Is dropped
without a reason. . Let the principal be
required by the Board of Education to
give that reason, and let th teacher
he given a chance to appear before trie
Board In her own defense. This Is
simply a question of Justice a between
man and woman In th professional
world, and aa between employer and
employe in the financial world.
K. M. O.
POLITICS IX AWARD IS CHARGED
Flraa Amine Coaaly Ceaiil"riTS la
Rig Cmrtlna Palatlaa Job.
ttADTT.ivn June S (To tha Edi
tor.) Will you grant m space for a
brier statement or tn lacis ronrermnn
th contract for pamtlng the west wing
of the new Courthouse, which topic Is
before the public now? The general
contract was awarded th Lewis A.
Hicks Co., who. In submitting their
bid. used our figure for th painting.
Mr. Wagner, who rprnts them. wa
always ready to give us th contract at
$10,340, provided th Commissioners
would consent, and Mr. Wagner went
with m to th Courthouse and told
Judge Cleeton and County Commis
sioner Llghtnar that be was ready to
sign up with ua
There was no danger of a strike be
cause of open shop firm being em
ployed thereon for th Lewis A. Hicks
Co. had already sublet Iron work to
th Smith Watson Iron Works. Port
land Wire Iron Works and the Ore
gon Planing Mill was preparing th
woodwork that the painters sre to fin
ish. In short, the Lewis A. Hicks Co.
let their work to open or closed shopa.
providing they were responsible parties
and no objections were mad by th
County Commissioner
But the unions got busy and as a
Commissioner is to be elected this
Fall, the candidate had to mak a
showing so as to appear on th open
and closed sld of th question and
our firm waa mad th scapegoat. As
a result, the taxpayers will hav to
pay 11014, th difference between our
hid and th lowest bidder under th
second advertisement.
Judge Cleeton quotes th architect as
saying there la more work now than
formerly. Wher Is It? Th building
I no larger: $114 will do quit a Uttl
painting and th taxpayers of Mult
nomah County ar entitled to know
what they are getting for lt
This t an exact statement of th
fact and th voters of Multnomah
County can Judg for themsrlv.a
whether their money Is being spent in
a fair and honorable manner or whether
politics rules Its expenditure.
WILLIAM 8HEEHT,
President Bhhy Bros.' Painting
Decorating Co.
A Graadaaather I Warst.
London Tlt-Blta
A very young gentleman, after hear.
Ing som vigorous languag from bis
father, called up hla grandmother on
th telephone and warned her: "You
better come down to our house and
s, about th words your son has
been ualng."
OLEOMARGARINE TAX CONDEMNED
Writer Dee la re It Adda t I.lvlnar Ceat
aad Affeela CaMla-ttrwwera' Profit.
PORTLAND. Juns . (To the Edi
tor.) The opposition to the us of
olaomargarln in our state Institutions
and the various stats and National laws
discriminating against oleomargarine
seem to us a curious Illustration ot the
fact that prejudice Is still a factor In
public opinion and finds Itself every
now and then crystallized into statutes.
As Is usually tha care, the people hold
ing tha prejudices ara tha ones who
suffer by reason thereof. no suner
most by reason of these restrictions
and prohibitory statutes? It Is tha
people themselves and the cattle-
growers.
A few years sgo Congress wss car
ried off Its fet with tha fear that oleo
margarine made from the refined fat
of beef cattle would Injurs the dulry
Induatry. A tax of 10 cents per pound
wu, therefore, levied on the products
of the cattle-raiser. People do not
want to eat pink bread, red sugar or
green potatoes, and the same color
habits make ua Insist upon yellow fat
to apread on our bread. By virtue of
this prohibitory law the people -deprived
themselves of an article which
would greatly reduce the cost of liv
ing, snd lh cattle-raiser of a market
for one of his products. In the laat
analysis who, therefore, suffer by rea
son of this prohibitory tax? The an
swer Is obvious the people and th
cattle-raiser.
The cattle which th farmer sends to
market carry with them $1 and H
worth per head of "butter fat" which
Is identical microscopically and chemi
cally In wholesimenea and other char
acteristics with tha fat of milk. Oleo
margarine contains every element that
Is found In the bes creamery butter,
with one exception. That la coloring
matter. Oleomargarine Is composed of
butler fat, neutral, cream, milk and
aalL All of these Ingredients ars usad
on the table eich and every day In
other' combinations and are unuzed.
Th principal difference between the
beat creamery butter and oleomargarine
I in th way In wlrh It 1 obtained
from the cow snd In th procaa of
manufacture. Th pure food law pro
tects against adulteration and guaran
tees the procesa of manufacture. It la
reaeonabla. and In the public Intereat,
that the manufartur should be regu
lated.' and that oleomargarine be sold
In original parkagce with the Govern
ment a.al on It, but why th tax of 10
rertta per pound? Thla tax Is still
levied.
Not In the nsme of common equality
alone, but In the interest of th peopl
and reducing the cost of living and In
the intereat of the cattle-ralsera them
selves, this tax should be repealed.
T. C CLENLiEMNO.
roaaaaalaalo (,vr rnaaar t.
PORTLAND. June t. (To th Edi
tor.) Ther ar many Inquiries aa to
th natur and method of the comm's
slon form of government. I bellev It
would greatly Interest many of your
numeroua readers If you would kindly
glv Information on this subject, and
also your opinion as to the desirability
of this form of city government.
INWUlItER.
Th Oregonlan publttahed a serlea of
articles on the commission form of gov.
eminent prior to th Isst municipal
campaign. The proposed commission
plan for Portland will be formally dis
cussed by The Oregonlan as oon as It
Is before-the voters for action.
-No!
PT. JOHN'S. Or, June t. (To the Ed
itor.) A was born In Canada on May
Si. 185. emigrated to the United States
at th age of 14 with his father and
has rel'1ed here continuously ever
nine. His father appeared before the
County Court on Ortnher 1.1. 1. and
mad application for hi second papers
to full citizenship; the same papers
wer certified to by the Clerk of tlie
Court the isth day of November. 187.
is A a citizen? A EUBsl KiBfc.il.
Flag aaa Memorial Day.
CAPCADK LOCKS, Or, June I. (To
th Editor.! Kindly advise me ir it is
nrnnar to flv a flatr at half-mast from
aunrls to eunaet on lecoratlon day, or
whether It should be at half-mast from
sunrise to noon and then at lull-mast
the rest of th dsy. or until iunt.
JOKKl'tl . WT lit l it
Half-staff from sunrise to noon; full
staff, noon to sunset. Is proper on Me
morial day.
A- "Ed" Howe See. Life
rn. .v.rr nuarrel a man and wlf
hav befor others, they hav a dozen
when alone.
Although every man's hand Is
agsltist a rat, a rat gets along very
well. Think of the lurk a rat must have
to merely live!
Everr man who la whipped for a
sin claims that other men hav don
more and been whipped less.
Your acquaintances may not help
vou much, but they can do you a lot
of harm If you offend them.
You never knew a good-looking man
who was popular among men.
When a man tries himself, tha ver
dict Is always In his favor.
Women dress their little girls with
laste, but sometimes they put costumes
on their llttl boys that look funny,
EVer know a man so fair that he
wouldn't twist his sld of th story a
little?
It Is said of so many boys: "They
will com out all right." an Intimation
that they sre riot all rlvht now.
Features of The
SUNDAY OREGONIAN
Cat Island tni ColumbuJ John T. MoCutclicon, Hie famou car
toonist, dtws a seven-column drawing for Sunday that is the best yet
from his pencil. He draws two oilier pictures to go with another of
his striking i-irato tales.
Sisinj Up Men A study in personality that you really ought to
read. It is by a recognized expert in the art of reading character.
Miking Beball Str Everyone that ever saw bull game will
find interest in 'Wiibert's article on the development of big-league men.
Half page, illustrated.
Training the MilitU for War An illustrated page about the trant
formtion that is being worked in the force that a dozen years ago
was styled "tin soldiers."
Folk Dances They are being widely adopted in Portland and tho
subject is given an interesting half page, with portraits.'
Exit the "Stovepipe Girl" Fashion has issued a call for new con
lours and'women must respond. A letter from Paris of the deepest
iuterext to women. Half page, with photos.
Wanted Husbands for Princesses But, ss the Vienna corre
spondent points out, there's no need applying unless you are at least an
Archduke.
The Jumpnpa They are at the beach this week and Mrs. Jumpup
has a close call.
Two Short Stories, complete. New capers by the color comic
cut ops and Many Other Features.
ORDER TODAY FROM YOUR NEWSDEALER.
The Center oT Interest
By Deaa Colli.
With many opinions my mind was In
flated,
I went out to se Mr. Averag Man.
Of Portland. I found him; but h con-
templated
His roses, nor heard how my varblag
ran.
Oh, what do you think of this fellow
Orozco,
In Mexico fighting?" I asked, "Do
you think
It's proper that w should let fellow
Ilk those go
And make revolutions?" My friend
made a wink.
t tried a new subject. "That Belgian
troubl.
'Tls certainly sad. Don't it beat you
to aoe
How everywhere wara and rebellions
now ouome;
Th Average Man mad no answr
to me.
Still hopeful of starting soma light con
versation,
"Whs;, think . you." I asked, "In th
realm of baseball
Of any old phase of th whole situa
tion r'
That fellow A. M. mad no answer
at alU
Of politics next, t endeavored to sound
htm.
I spoka of conventions and candi
dates; but
Ha Just prowled about 'mid th rose
bushes round htm.
And never s thought seemed to dwelt
In his nut.
Oh. wherefore this apathy?" finally I
asked him.
Desiring to learn th ral caus of
the cloud
Of Ignorance deep, which apparently
masked him;
And then, ot a auddan, h answrd
aloud:
Look her and look yonder, th buds
and the posies
Of Portland ar sure at their bst
about her
V'r going' to hav mor'n a billion of
roses
To deck out our Festival pageant!
this year."
But what of th grave situation that
lingers
About our fair land, as th paper dls
closes?" Tha Average Man gav a anap of his
fingers:
"Oh. chuck that awhile! I must tend
to my roses!"
Portland, Jun (.
Half a Century Ago
From Tha Oregonlan of Jus T, lsi
Th Pacramento Union says: "The
Eastern wlr obstinately continues
down beyond Malt Lake.
Yesterday was a very warm dsy, un
comfortably so. "
Ptorkton. May 10. Herloua trouble
ar expected at Waterloo. lght mile
from town, tomorrow. Th settlers ar
fortified In Comatock's brick granary.
Sheriff Hook will go out with a larg
force to dlapoaaesa them. Th Htookton
Union Ouard will march for Waterloo
tomorrow at I o'clock.
W ar pleased to learn that Gov
ernor Pickering, of Washington Terri
tory, has been taking th necessary
ateps to aecure a sufficient escort for
th Immigration across th plains this
bummer, aa a protection aaainst in
savages and other hostile nd danger
ous bands thHt hav Infsated th rout
for th past several yar. Orders hav
been received from General Wright, by
request of Uovamor Pickering, direct
ing Colonel 8telnberger to send oat an'
efficient fore detailed from bis com
mand for thi purpose.
The Bait Ijtk Correspondent of th
Sacramento Union says that the min
er at like' Peak sre leaving In larg
numbers for Salmon River.
A meeting of the citizens generally
of Portland Is called at the Recorder's
office this evening st 7 o'clock for th
purpos of devising the proper ways
and means to celebrate th coming
Fourth of July in du and ampl form.
In our peregrinations around town
we have had to undergo th disagree
able neceaslty of having our olfactory
nerve grossly Insulted by the foul and
filthy stench which Is met with In sev
eral localities of th city. Can't our
street commissioner attend to this mat
trT About all the goods and freights In
transit or destined for th upper Co
lumbia hav been shipped from th
warehouses In the city, and these
houses ar one mora empty. Ten days
ago nearly all ot them wer flllad to
overflowing.
Th Cascade Mountain road, by way ,
of th old Barton emigrant trail. I now
opened and In good traveling condition.
Parties going over th mountains ar
recommended to travel thla rout.
Three Words Prooajed.
MEPFORD, Or, Jun . (To the
Editor.) Will you kindly glv th
pronunciation of:
(1) Monteasorl.
(2) . rguln.
(3) Hard? BUB8CRIBER.
(1) Mon-tls-so.r, Accent on third
syllable.
(1) Pek-ln. Short sound of both
vowels. Accent on first syllable.
(t) Ec-tar. Accent on second syllable.