V tttt: moijxtxo okegoniax. friday, Arniii 20, 191s. 10 Ek (Dmrtmmn PORTLAND. OREGON. Enrtrtd at Portland. Oregon. Postoffle as teoa4ciaja kfattar. . . M ivwuuiuoa hue InTaxiably la Aavaaea, Ij:t. Bandar liodd. '"J 7, atinaaj mciuau, iik raw . ..- - - - - li.r. bunJay Included, thraa month.. ' cunuT 11.1 luu cu, vhv -" a 0 I4ljr without Suad)'. yaax.-.. J Cai.y, witnout Sunriajr. Ill months. a.. Iai.jr. without Sunday. thr monltta.. La. y. without Sunday. 00a m"a , Iy. ooa yaar SaUay. oaa yaax .,....... t u auy ana 'alr. aaa yaax. ..- (BT CARRIER.) Dally. Sunday Incladad. ana yaar...... "-J? fcai.y. Sunday Included, on ! 1 Hw la Kasll nd PoatoUlca """Zl r. up.tM ord.r ac naraooal ehcn on .atal bank, teiampa, coin or turrancy at ih nadrr1! rlak. Oiva poatonica u tu.l. Including county and ait- . , Kalaa 10 to 14 paM. ?' ,. to JJ pa., a c.nia. UloW fcHM. Banbm. OffW- VJ. Con Bo York. irun,rlcn kuUdia. aaa-o. atadax buiidin. - a.axopaa tide. u. Rat ati'M. a London. rtRTLAD. 1RIHA. AfKlL t. lift HOW iOfcS Tilt BATTLE. A the contest between Tart and Rooevoit for the Republican nomina tion progr.---. Roosevelt Ja gaining on Taft. but he Is Mill far behind, or the 60 debates so far elected. 38 1 are either instructed or pledged for Taft. or arc so decidedly favorable to him that they may safely be counted for him on the flnt ballot. Of the rest. 501 are for Roosevelt. 36 for La Vollftte. for t'ummina and 1 are unlnftrurted with no known prefer ence or .seriously contested. Taft has a majority of 124 among- the 5 dele gate elected and lacks only IZ3 of a majority of the entire convention. Since the Pennsylvania primaries Roosevelt's gains In Nebraska and Oregon have been offset by Taft a gains in Connecticut. Iwljmare New Hampshire. Iowa and Rhode Island. The battle is now In Missouri, where a content as fierce as that in Michigan Is under way. Next week it will be in Massachusetts, and a week Inter in Maryland, in both of which states tho party will decide directly between Taft nnd Roosevelt. We shall then have an expression of Kastern opinion un hampered by such local Issues as lrl mcrlsm and boysism. which clouded ..he isaue In Illnols and Pennsylvania. So much stre has been laid on Taffs dependence on She Southern delegate that It Is as well to analyse the figures. Of the defecates from tho North, the territories and the Hands bo far elected. 110 are for Taft. 16 for Roosevelt. 3 for La Kollette. 8 for Cummins and t contested and not credited to any candidate. Thus there are two more antl-Taft than Taft delegates, and If Taft should win the Michigan contest he would have a ma jority In the North alone tip to date. Of the Southern delegates so far elect ed. 1T7 are for Taft. 33-for Roosevelt and 10 contested, with some how of reason. Of the. delegate yet to be elected. !S are from the north. In cluding Porto Rico, and 160 from the South. Should Taft make an even break with all his rivals in the elec tion of the remaining Northern dele gate, he would need only nineteen more Southern delegates to assure him a majority. It Is admitted that he can count on many more than nineteen additional delegates from the South, but unless he should have a clear ma jority In normal Republican or doubt ful states, he might be so weakened in the eyes of the delegates as to cause some of them to break away from him. Only a sweeping victory for Roose velt In the remaining Northern states can prevent Taft from securing a ma jority of the delegates. The result of the direct primaries held to this date suggests that the Colonel may win such a victor'- Knt Taft. though slow to anger, has put on his fighting clothes at last and his speech at SprtngfleUi Implies that hereafter he will deliver blow for blow In the polit ical duel with his former friend. He may warm up the fighting- blood of his supporters to such a point that Massa chusetts and Maryland may turn the tide In his favor. BtTKJCTIN; IMMIGRATION. One of the most difficult problems our National lawmakers have to solve s that regarding Immigration. It Is .1 question that has vexed us for many years and will undoubtedly vex us for many more. In the earlier days of the republic most of our Immigration .-am from Ireland and Germany, and never havs we experienced anything out good from the Immigrants from those countries. Much of the very ct blood of our country Is made up .if mixtures from one or both of them. Vhil the Irish and Germans were 1 locking to our shores in hordes, there were also many Scotch. Scandinavians, French and the better clan of Ital ians, and as a rule these all made good citlcens, some of them taking rank as leaders In various walks of life. It was not until after the Civil War. about 1T0. that Southern Europe be gan to dump the undesirables on our hores. At first the stream was small, the price of a steamship ticket being prohibitive to the very poor from thoce far-away lands; but as the pas age rates were lowered and the great steamship lines began to scour the countries for those who could raise money enough to buy tickets to our shores, the Incoming steerage quarters were filled with these undesirables. ' At first we paid no attention to the Influx, but later Congress took up the work of regulation, first excluding contract laborers, later shutting out those with criminal records and the ni.-'eased. following with a property or money requirement, each Immigrant being compelled to produce a certain um of money as a requisite of land ing. But the incoming tld has ttumped a myriad of Illiterate refuse upon our shores, and they have later ylven us so much trouble that Con cress Is again trying to solve the vexed question of regulation. In the yenr 1Q7 this Influx reached the high-water mark, amounting to a million and a half, and a large per centage of these were people with whom we could have got along much better without. Indeed. In spite of all that Is said against the Chinese, we might better have had the heathens from the Far East than those we got from the offscourings of Kurope. The Chinese do not mtx with our political nnd Industrial affairs farther than to work for the lowest of low wages. Since the close of the Spanish War (he great seamshlps have landed at New Tork. Boston and Philadelphia. I!ie most of them at New Tork. over !.0o0.000 Immigrants, about 50 per cent of whom could read and write. Many have come from Ireland. Ger manv, Scotland and France, and from those countries the Illiteracy was al most nil nearly all were In a measure educated, the illiterate ranging from a mere fraction of 1 per cent to less than 4 per cent. Those from the Scan, dinavian countries were also Intelli gent to a degree, only four out of each 1000 being unable to read and write. But of the undesirable classes perhaps over DO per cent were illiter ate. There is a measure now pending be fore Congress to Impose a literacy tet upon all Immigrants over 14 years of age. Such a law would undoubtedly keep out a good deal of the "iscum." Yet there Is no denying the fact that much of our troubles arising with the foreigners comes from the educated agitators, and not from the uneducat ed followers. An educational test only touches one phase of the situation.- There ! only one real remedy and that 1 a character test, but It Is one that Is dilllcult to apply. Character and reputation are. in a "way, similar terms, but we might allow persons with good reputations to land only to find them the most difficult to assim ilate or control. Even If certilliates of character and reputation were ex acted, we would find It hard to en force such a law-. So. upon the whole. It is a veed question and one to bother our lawmakers for some time to come. TflK MIRI'KI "'IT H. The hesitancy of the South to press the claims of Mr. Underwood for tho Democratic nomination. lmply be cause It fears that hailing from the South may make him ineligible, has stirred the Ire both of Harper's Week ly and the Atlanta Constitution. The former paper says that Southern resi dence is mentioned as an obstacle "frequenlly In the Sotith, rarely In the North, never practically In the AVest." It pronounces the sectional bogy "dead as a doornail." The Con stitution attributes the paucity of Southern candidates and the feeble ness of support they receive in the South to "the shrinking attitude of our own people." It affirms that the North invites the Routh "into full fel lowship In the Nation's counsels." that sectional acrimony was extinguished by the Spanish war and that, when the South holds It not discreet or ex pedient for a Southern man to offer himself for the Presidency, "we insult ourselves, we debase our manhood, we surrender the rights the North is eo willing to concede us." But the nearest approach to run ning a Southern man for President Is the candidacy of Clark, who halls from the border State of Missouri, which Is wobbling In its political alle giance between the two parties, and of Wilson, whose Southern birth and Northern residence enable him to straddle Mason and Dixon's line. The most ardent support of the New Jer sey Governor comes from the South, while Underwood's boom flaps half Inflated. Clark's successes In the Northern primaries show absence of sectional prejudice against him. Then why do not the, trust-baiting Henry of Texas, the versatile Bailey of the same state, or the fire-eating Tillman of South Carolina hoist their stand ards and give us a taste of Southern oratory and statesmanship? The lists are open and the herald calls. IIjOATIMS AM mxkjng. Since the loss of the Titanic two or three readers of The Oregouian have written to inquire how far an object will sink in the ocean. One maintains that a ship, or other wooden object, will go to the bottom no matter how deep the water may be. Others hold that It will only sink to a certain depth and there remain. One asks whether or not a cannon ball dropped Jnto the sea will ever reach the bottom. I The principle upon which the an swers to all questions of this kind de pend was discovered by Archimedes, the greatest man of science In the an cient world. In seeking to ascertain the proportions of gold and silver in Hiero's famous crown Archimedes dis covered that a bfdy plunged Into wa ter will be uplifted by the weight of a mass of fluid equal to its own vol ume. This buoyant force -will be the same no matter how far down the body sinks. It Is the difference be tween the upward and the downward pressures of the water on the lower and upper surfaces of the submerged body. We take it for granted that the reader remembers the rule that the pressure of water at any point Is ex erted equally In all directions. Evidently, therefore, a submerged body will continue to sink as long as its own weight exceeds the weight of the water it displaces and by this rule everything that sinks at all will sooner or later go to the bottom. If a body weighs less than Its own volume of water It will float and not sink. If It weighs exactly as much as Its own volume of water It will stay wher ever It Is placed below the surface. We must remember, however, that water at great depths exerts a power ful force of compression which tends to Increase the density of wood, and perhaps metal also, and therefore fa cilitates Its sinking. Water Is virtually Incompressible so that a cubic inch of It weighs but lit tle more at the bottom of the ocean Than anywhere else. Roughly speak ing a cannon ball will sink as rapidly at the depth of a mile as at the sur face of the water. If there Is any change It will sink faster because It becomes slightly denser at great depths. An object which will not float at the surface of the ocean will not float anywhere In its depths, hut will continue to sink until it reaches the bottom. AN HEROIC MODI'S. A pathetic picture that has been drawn by and stamped upon the Im agination In connection with the Ti tanic disaster Is that to which refer ence was made by a corresponJent whose letter was published upon this page, Wednesday. It Is that of Mr. and Mrs. Isadore Strauss, of New Tork, a couple well along In years, who perished together as the fated ship went down. Mrs. Strauss had an opportunity to be taken Into a lifeboat, but. finding that her husband could not go with her. resolved to remain and share his fate. The husband, as unselfish as the wife, urged her to go but she refused to leave his side and the faithful com panions of many years years that had extended from early manhood and womanhood through middle life and on to old age stood upon the reel ing deck of the groaning ship, their arms about each other, until the ves sel disappeared beneath the Icy waters. Heroism, fealty, the oneness of two lives cemented by the love, the hopes and the vicissitudes of the years, tands out in this picture with a ten derness of touch that Is at once subtle and sublime. "Entreat me not to lcavo thee," came in the supplicating tones of a tenderness and purposo that have come down to us through the age, as this aged woman, like Kuth of ohi, clung to her husband asking only the shelter of hiti arms against the piti less elements. A more graceful, ten der and heroic exodus from life than this has never been chronicled. TIIK KKNKWAJL, Ok" AN .OI.I FLtiA The complaint of property owners In the vhinity of the zoo attachment of the City Park that the animals there kept are a nuisance to the peo ple thereabouts is without doubt well placed. The counts in the indictment gainst the creatures arc that of disa greeable, unhealthful and at times an almost unbearable odor, and of the nnUe that they make from time to time. Whether these amount to cause of action for damages lodged by the complainants the courts, having been called upon, will decide. It is not necessary, however, to go to the courts, bryond the open court of com mon sense, to decide that this city Is not legitimately In the too business. That Is to say, the city h:is no proper place for the confinement and care of animals of the wilds, and the places where they are kept are unsuitable both from the standpoint of humanity as applied to the treatment of captive creatures and from that of the loca tion of their quarters. lYotest has been frequently made, notably during the municipal adminis tration of Mayor Lnne. against the cruelty indicted upon these creatures by confinement in quarters wholly un uited to their needs. The mountain Hon, restlessly pacing the length of a cage that afforded barely sufficient room in which to turn; the cinnamon bear sweltering under the heats of Summer: the eik making weary pre- tense of browsing on the hillside de void of a spear of greensward; the birds conlined In unbirdly cages all have excited the pity of the pitiful and the Idle curiosity of the curious with out conveying a single lesson beyond, fhat which these helpless creatures Il lustrate, of man's stupidity and cru elty. A well-ordered, well-equipped, well conducted zoo is one thing; the keep ing of animals In captivity without proper equipment for their comfort is quite another. Not a single lesson in natural history Is to be learned from looking at these animals through their prison bars,, unless perhaps in viewing their weary, discontented lot, the.mind "in tune with the Infinite." recognizes in these signs of unrest the subtle kin ship of the world to which they be long to the life of the world that holds them In thrall. Since we have no suitable place to keep these creatures, we have no right to hold them In cap tivity. If. like Colonel Roosevelt, we' feel called upon to seek them out In their mountain retreats and kill them for sport, that is one thing. Man's su premacy In the animal kingdom may be thus established without the inflic tion of cruelty, long drawn out, upon his subject creatures. To keep thiVi alive In a state of abject wretchedness, for what pleasure can be derived from gaping at thfm. is another story, and one that has beon told for years with many sad Illustrations by the zoo In our City Park. If upon the basis of bad and un wholesome odors and unseemly "hight voices the present complainants suc ceed in securing a decree abolishing this adjunct of the City Park, they will, considering the limitations un der which these creatures' are kept, secure greater relief than that for which they pray. AS ANTI-Sl'VKRAOETTE. The Oregonian has received a long tetter from a woman of Eugene In which a number of points are made against equal suffrage. It is not prac ticable to discuss all of them, but per haps a few may bo profitably quoted and commented upon. No doubt this woman expresses the sentiments of a large number of her sisters. The re mark has often been made that the chief obstacle to woman suffrage Is the objections of the women them elves, and this letter confirms that view of the subject. On the other hand. It must be confessed that the force of these objections, if they have any, lies in something else besides their truth or logic. The urgency with which empty arguments are put for ward to hinder the cause of suffrage reminds one how greatly many human beings are Influeneed by imposing forms of words quite Irrespective of any meaning they may bear. For ex ample, our Eugene correspondent says, among many other remarks of great simplicity, that she "does needle work, but does not try to compel her husband to do It." The Implication, of course. Is that since men do not rtltch hems women ought not to vote. Reasoning- of this sort illustrates the contempt which antl-suffragists feel for the most obvious facts. The best" sewing in the world Is done by men, not by women. When a fashionable p'nme wants' really artistic gown made she goes to a man dressmaker to obtain it. In view of this fact what becomes of our correspondent's argument? , Here is a sentence from the letter which we are discussing: "Do Chris tian mothers want to take up men's failures and be blinded by voting for a politician they would be ashamed to see their daughters In company with?" In our opinion there are a great many Christian mothers who are exceedingly willing to take up men's failures In politics and economics and transform them Into successes. Is It not better for women to do this than to allow the failures to go on forever unredeemed? If women have the ability to accomplish something which Is beyond the ability of men. Is not that a plnln indication of their duty? If the Iird has given them the abllity and denied it to men, is there any pos sible doubt of his desire In the mat ter? If women have the capacity to "take up men's failures" In any direc tion and bring about order and har mony where men have created chaos, are we not bound to believe that this particular work Is within their nat ural sphere? Did nature form woman to do the work she can do or the work she cannot do? When man has per sistently failed to, do any piece of work well, what better proof do we want that it Is outside his sphere and within the sphere of woman? As to voting for disreputable poli ticians, we cannot see that It is any more shameful for women to do so than for men. The hope Is that women will enter the political field with clearer perceptions of right and wrong than men have and refuae to vote for somex politicians whom men tolerate without any particular dis gust. A woman need not necessarily be "blinded" when she goes to cast her vote. Why should anybody be blinded on thatpccasion? If "none of the candidates Is decent enough to permit her to vote tor them she l.as always the privilege of staying at home on election day. But in states like Oregon, where there are direct primaries, if undesirable candidates are nominated after equal suffrage has been granted it will be as much the women's fault as the men's. If It does not smirch a woman's self-respect to vote against improper candi dates at a church or lodge or club, why should it be so extremely defiling to vote against them at the polls on election day? It Is time for weak sen timentality to be put aside in thinking of this subject and a little common sense admitted into our counsels. Our correspondent goes on to state that "woman cannot clean up poli tics." Perhaps not. But It is unde niable that each particular woman can keep her special portion of poll tics clean and that will be something of a help. "Woman" cannot keep all the houses In the world clean", but every Individual woman can keep her own home clean If she tries: The suffrage Is to be granted to women In their Individual capac ity, not to the world corporation called "woman." Nobody expects "woman" to do anything whatever, hut women have accomplished a great deal for the betterment of humanity first and last, and we may reasonably expect thorn to do a gTeat deal more If they have the opportunity. The task of cleaning up politics is one of such magnitude that it will require the united efforts of both sexes. It has been pretty thoroughly proved that men cannot do it alone. We sup pose our goxrespondent is right In say ing that women cannot do it alone, either. But what will happen if both sexes unite their strength and skill? Neither the man alone nor the woman alone ever expects to build , up and maintain a perfect home, but by working In harmony the two together accomplish the task now and then. The world is our common home. To make it what it ought to be we must draw upon all the available resources of both eexes. Wo have only space to touch upon one more of our correspondent's ob jections to equal suffrage. She Is ifrald that if women receive the right to vote some one' of the sex will run for President sooner or later. "How many women's hats will be In the ring in 1916?" she asks with a shudder. To this the proper reply will occur at once to every person who has read any history. If a woman can be Queen of England, or Russia, or Austria, why not President of the United States? Nobody ever dreamed that it was "un womanly" for Victoria to open Par liament, command the British army and navy and act as the head of the established church. The various Queens of Russia 1 have been at least as able as the Czars, and Austria never had a monarch of greater ability than Maria Theresa. Before the question of equal suffrage can obtain a fair hearing from some women It is neces sary to sweep their, minds clear of a huge accumulation of sentimental rub bish and false Information. Perhaps the only way to do It Is to listen pa tiently to their unreasonable objec tions 'and answer them with fact and logic. The best argument In the world for equal suffrage Is the primitive feminine Intelligence which has been created by political serfdom. Those Britons who protest against an American inquiry into the Titanic disaster were properly reminded by Mr. O'Brien in the House of Commons that many American citizens lost their lives In the wreck. No doubt a great majority of the passengers were Americans or .Immigrants to the United States. We certainly have a right to Inquire whether British law sufficiently protects American lives on British ships coming to American ports. If we find that It does not, we have a right to impose regulations of our own, the observance of which Is a condition of allowing vessels to enter American ports. Before we had postal savings .banks It was predicted that If they were es tablished they would curtail foreign money orders. This has come true. Young as the banks are, foVeign money orders fell off some J2.000.000 last year through their Influence. It Is turning out that the postal banks confer many, benefits upon the com munity without a solitary evil effect that anybody can designate. The same thing will be true of the parcels post if we ever get It. The harm it will do is a bugbear of the imagina tion, the benefit Is real and substantial. Justin McCarthy, like Moses, died within sight of the promised land, though not allowed to enter. The home rule bill now before the British Parliament was partly the fruits of his long life of devotion to the cause of Ireland. His writings had extended the circle of his friends far beyond the shores of Ireland and by their reasonableness and moderation had done much to overcome English preju dice against Irish home rule. If our torpedo-boats use real tor pedoes In practice, naval maneuvers will become as costly as war. We can not afford to sacrifice such a vessel as the Maryland, which cost nearly 36,000,000, on what Mark Twain called "a darned experiment." Why should an Asiatic be allowed to contribute to vice under guise of ostensibly respectable business? As he Is a foreigner, all should not yell the nswer at once. The traditional bugaboo of a Presi dential year does not deter Portland people "from putting money In the bank, from which it radiates In industry. British Columbia courts do not "fool" with Industrial Workers. They give heavy sentences with a prompti tude worthy of emulation this side of the line. The most dangerous of the five es caping lunatics has been captured, and that means comfort to women on lonely farms. With approach of the first of May Industrial unrest In Spokane Is a natural Incident in the course of events. - The good work of the vice commis sion Is again apparent In suppression of "noodle Joints." Wouldn't It seem humorous if the-1 Colts outclassed the Beavers? Ha! The short, ugly word has the swish of the boomerang. DIAGONAL STREET PLAJf VXWISE Writer Criticises Important Feature of the Bennett Flan. PORTLAND. April 21. (To the Edi tor.) Recently our Library Board was censured by the Greater Portland As sociation because It would not accept as delflc the Bennett plans. Though we may appreciate the plans as indicating an awakening of civic pride to the need of docks, parks, drives, etc, still are not the plans rather showy sketches along civic lines than always practical suggestion? They locate the Federal building near the. Courthouse; practical men located it near the terminal grounds. They locate the Auditorium at Nineteenth and Washington; practical men have decided that the cost of a site there would be a needless waste of money. Further, instead of widening some of our present surfeit of streets, where need be, for business or drives, they propose additional diagonal streets, which would be a useless waste of money. Already over one-quarter of Portland's area is street space. -We have 200-foot blocks, with 60, 70 and SO-foot streets. Surely we do not need additional streets. But we do need some of our present streets widened. Further, solitary diagonal streets here and there across our present right anglo streets in all busy centers, as the city grows large, will cause a conges tion of traffic at every point a diago nal street crosses other streets. Keep traffic traveling at right angles and it haa rnnny routes to select from to reach any given point, and all streets will be in service and business spread. Cut proposed diagonal streets and each diagonal street will accrue to Itself a prestige none of the other streets en joy, thus doing an injury to surround ing street frontage, while Injured prop erty pays for the diagonal street. The larger the city grows the greater will be the congestion on a solitary diago nal street, and movement becomes a walking pace, not a rapid short cut, and worst of all, It blocks and congests every street It crosses, endangering life. Moreover, Portland's problem is the congested east and west traffic. Bar ring the widening of Burnstde and Madison, what relief do these plans suggest? None at all. In fact, they tend. to Increase the east and west traf fic congestion by planning to bring the traffic of the great future terminal grounds, south (at a cost of over $7,000, 000) on the park blocks, west of what is and always will be the most con gested streets of Portland, and then force that traffic to fight through Port land's narrowest and busiest streets to reach the East Side. Is that a practical solution? Surely not. The widest (80-foot) streets are those running north and south. Why not plan to divert traffic as much as possi ble into Portland's widest streets, In stead of Into Its narrowest ones? Sure ly" that would be wisdom. This the Bennett plan falls to do. To my mind the great traffic plaza of Portland ought to run east and west Just south of the Joint terminal grounds, then all the wide, fine 80-foot streets of Portland, with their north ends widened, where need be, would drain and teed this traffic plaza, and, best of all, the east and southeast through terminal traffic could be car ried directly across the river and south on Grand avenue, or In the reverse di rection, and thus not needlessly con gest Portland's narrowest streets, but bring Portland's widest streets, like Grand avenue, 70-foot Second street, 80-foot Third street. Fourth, Fifth, Sixth. Seventh. Tenth to Fourteenth streets, to the front. Shaping, not up setting, as the Bennett plans largely do, present advantages and existing conditions. Space forbids details, but surely our Library Board is wise in not accepting the plans as deific, but as but steps to more practical ones. While all thanks are due the securers of plans, still, are they always practical? Yours, working for a practical, greater and more beautiful Portland, J. WALTER SEABEKG. 485 East Forty-seventh street North. Movlnc of Zoo Opposed. PORTLAND, April M.-(To the Ed itor.) I read the article in The Ore gonian today about moving the city park animals, and I consider It unfair and unpopular to move the Zoo to an Isolated spot. It also appears to me there Is too much commercialism con nected with this . movement. Why should a few property owners or a corporation that owns lots around the park dictate as to having these ani mals moved, and why move them when the attractions in our City Park are so limited? ' Any one visiting the park on any afternoon, particularly on a Sunday, will find hundreds of children assem bled around the various cages and hav ing all kinds of pleasure by feeding and looking at the animals. In my travels I have found in many European cities that the Zoo or Zoological Gar dens, ac they are called, are In the heart of the city. New York has the wonderful and world-renowned Cen tral Park in which the animals are less than 200 feet from Fifth avenue, one of th 'finest and greatest thorough fares In the world, lined with fine resi dences and palaces. You may at any time pass between Sixty-second and Sixty-fifth streets, on Fifth, avenue and hear the lions roar. In this park there are more than ten times the amount of animals there are in our park. No one seems to object to them, as they are the amusement for the middle class and poorer people, and they should not be removed to an Iso lated spot. I am sure there is no law that can move the Zoo, unless It was by vote of the people, and I would say. If It came to a final Issue, that 99 per cent would vote against the removal of the ani mals. A CITIZEN. HOW DEEP WILL OBJECT SINK ? Correspondents DIacuas Effect of Great Deptb on Bodies In Sea. VANCOUVER. Wash., April 24. (To the Editor.) A student of one of our State Cnlverslties asserts that a large ship will not sink to the bottom of the sea. where the water Is two or more miles In depth. I say the ship will sink to the bottom of the sea. A short discussion of this subject will Interest many of your readers. J. A. S. Cannon Ball In Water. FOREST GROVE. Or., April 24. (To the Editor.) Is there any place In the ocean where the water Is of so great depth that a cannon ball dropped therein would never reach the bottom, because of the density of the water? If this is true, please give scientific explanation for it., E. S. SPARKS. PORTLAND, April 24. (To the Edi tor.) Will you kindly say how low down the Titanic lies In the water? My understanding of the law of hydrau lics Is, that she would not lie more than one mile deep, and in water not affected by the storms and currents? The press is quoted as saying "that the boat and bodies lie two miles deep." C. H. TIGGOTT. The foregoing questions are answered In another column on this page. Anto Traveling Guides. WHITE SALMON, Wash., April 23. (To the Editor.) Could you give me Information where I might be able to obtain an auto traveling guidt? NORMAN E. WRAY. Any automobile accessory house can supply traveling guides. Several ad vertise in The Sunday Oregonian. , Cannot Charge to Higher Power Man's Carelessness of Nature's Forces. PORTLAND, April 24. (To the Edi tor.) The editorial last Sunday regard ing the unjustifiable arraignment of God for the Titanic disaster was most timely. What is "an act of God?" Viewed under the cold, white light of the lamp of the law, a definition has been sought fnr ranlnrlu fnrt Of leSS IngenUOUS I attempts have been made to define it. but never satisfactorily. Jtsryam says. Yet a few days, and thee The all-beholrtlng aim shall see no more In all hl courae; nor yel in the cold ground Where thy pale form is laid with many teara. . Nor in the embrace of ocean, shall exist Thy image. It is this blotting out of human ex istence that leads man to seek some thing supernatural as its Inevitable cause. The definitions seem to differ rather in expression than "substance. Ordinarily an act of God Is considered to be some accident produced by forces of Nature over which man has no con trol. But here comes in a distinctly marked boundary line. Knowing about these fqrees, can man avoid their prob able effects? It was long ago settled by the law that where a person makes an express contract to do a certain thing, acts of God not being In reserve, he cannot ex cuse himself on that ground., but must perform or respond in damages if he fails. . In any event, if the negligence of the carrier contributes, together with an act of God, to produce a disas ter, it cannot be excused because the so-called act of God was the immediate cause. Hence, how much better to omit these arraignments of Providence. It now de velops that the Titanic had no search lights nor its lookout any glasses. These failures In duty, and probably others, surely eliminate the act of God and charge the disaster to man's neg ligence. The. office of prayer must certainly be for divine comfoit to all those who are sorely afflicted in heart because of these things, or that the wisdom of man may be Increased so he may prevent them. It Is not to turn aside divine wrath nor for God to intervene and ar rest the laws of Nature. If a man falls from a high eminence and Divine Prov idence should arrest the power of grav ity to save him, it would' cause greater disaster by its effect on other persona and objects. There is indeed no calamity which man might not escape by the use of some precaution. Instead, he gambles daily with Nature and takes his chances with her, or else he is knowingly neg ligent, or negligent in a manner lie could have ascertained on inquiry would be so. The laws of Nature are inexorable. If the people build near Vesuvius they know It may overwhelm them. Man knows the perils of the sea. If he lose his life it is because he gambles on the chance. The Creator does not interfere in the least with Nature, but reigns supreme in the mind and soul alone. The psalm ist wrote only too well these words: When I consider the heavens, the work of thy ttngera, the moon and the stars, which thou haat ordained: What la man. that thou art mindful of him? And the son of man, that thou visltest him? ROBERT C. WRIGHT. REPUTATION OF WEST t'PHBLD Senator Borah's Experience With a Woman Who Had Mining: Stock. Exchange. Senator Borah asserts that his State of Idaho is so good that even the peo ple who get cheated within its smiling domain make money by the transac tion. On his way home from Washing ton, D. C, after adjournment of Con gress, he was Introduced on the train to an Eastern woman who immediate ly began to tell a long, sad story about the robberilko practices of Western people In -general, and Idaho men in particular. "My husband was a traveling man," she explaTned. In lachrymose voice, "and one night in Boise City some of your people gave him too much to drink, so much, in fact, that he didn't know what he was doing. The next morning he waked up and discovered that he had bought J1400 worth of mining stock at 4 cents a share. Think of that, the greatest outrage I ever heard of. I have never even looked up the mine in which the stock was sold, but the experience has taught me that Western promoters are merely burglars. My poor, dear husband was robbed as surely as if those men had held him up at the point of a gun." Mr. Borah asked the name of the mine, and she told him. Without say ing a word, he picked up a newspaper ar.d pointed to the stock quotations. Right there the Niobe-llke woman got the shock of her life. The stock was shown to be worth $140,000 that day. E Is Right. PORTLAND, April 25. (To the Edi tor.) In an argument regarding the pressure of water at a certain depth, W contends there is a depth where the pressure on top of an object, and with no pressure on the sides, a cube of lead or iron of any size will flatten out like a wafer. E says the pressure on all sides of the cube win be the same regardless of the depth. E. W. HOFFMAN. 305 Stark street. A Spider's Hosb-n-Be Trick. Judge. Dorothy (after watching a. spider capture a fly In Its web) Oh, mamma, come quick! A spider is putting a fly to sleep in Its hammock! Electrical Power In the Alps. London Tit Bits. Engineers declare that the waterfalls of the' Alps are capable of generating enough electrical power to run all the railroads of Switzerland. New Special The Sunday Roadbuilding, Least Known of Sciences-Samuel Hill, noted on this bi? topic, jrives his ideas on a work that is of grea portance in Northwest. Stopping Child Marriages This is a stirring: account from a Bom bay correspondent of the plucky work of an American girl in India. Illustrated with splendid photographs. Portland's Nearby Trout Streams An illustrated half page on the haunts of speckled beauties close to the heart of the city. Science Probes Love Laura Jean Libbey writes of the efforts to dissect and analyze the tender emotion. Looking After the Children Uncle Sam at last establishes a bureau that will seek to wipe out the scourges of our social evils among the little ones. Gentle Heroes They are the leper-tenders who rule the islands of horrors. An article of the deepest interest, profusely illustrated. Two Complete Short Stories. . , The Jump-ups Jim goes into the shoe business with dire results. Sambo loses his commissary, Mr. Boss meets with a mortar bath. Hairbreadth Harry becomes King, Mrs. Timekiller wins another vote and Slim Jim is received at Grassville. New cut-out clothes and a donkey puzzle in colors for the children. MANY OTHER PEATURES Order Today Prom Yonr Newsdealer. Half a Century Ago From The Oregonian of April 26. 1862. Fortress Monroe. April 11. Parties who have arrived from the Army report no special change in affairs. Contin ued skirmishing was going on. The rebel position extends across the penin sula from Yorktown to Warwick, near James River. The latest figures give the rebels 55,000, which are dally being increased from Richmond. Information received through deserters, scouts and contrabands shows the enemy has near ly 500 guns. New York, April 10. A letter from Beaufort, April 1, says the place was occupied Thursday night by a detach ment of Packer's brigade. They land ed without opposition and without even finding a guard stationed to challenge their approach. Washington, April 8. In the House the Pacific Railroad bill was consid ered. It contemplates two branches, uniting with a main trunk, which is to be located within 3000 miles west of the Missouri River. Washington, ' April 8. Tho Senate bill abolishing slavery in the District of Columbia passed the House today by a vote of 9S to 39. New York, April 11. The Asia has arrived from Liverpool with dates to the 29th, Queenstown to the 30th. Sir F. Smith has given notice in the House of Commons that he would call atten tion to the engagement between the Monitor and Merrimac and ask whether, in consequence of the results, the gov ernment had not better suspend the construction of plated ships until the question of ironclad gunboats was con sidered. Liverpool. March 30. Rebel schooner C. S. Evans was passed on the 4th of March, en route to Bombay. There was an unknown American ship alongside. The Union flag was lowered when the ships parted company. The students in the Portland Acad emy held a meeting yesterday to make arrangements to celebrate the first of May by an excursion and other gay festivities. They those Miss Leonora Blossom as May Queen and Samuel Moreland as King for the occasion. Mr. Leonard Jewett and John F. Wilmot were chosen as delegates to represent Sauvie's Island at the County convention to be held today at the Courthouse in this city. As ."Ed" Howe Sees Life When muskets take the place of ora tory, revolution becomes serious. For every promise, there comes a set tlement day. After we get what is coming to us from the railroads, let us go after what we should have had from them in the past. That would be more prog ress. Employers say that when they get a really good man. they are not only compelled to pay him big wages, but are forced to go to the trouble of looking him up. So many men are worthless that it is surprising that at least one does not realize his worthlessness; hut such a thing never happened on the face of the earth. After a girl has been encaged four or five years, there Is something about her that reminds you of a married woman: s'he may not have her eyes entirely open, but she is beginning to see. A man's estimate of his prospects or his popularity is as unreliable as a candidate's estimate of his majority a week before election. Honestly, now, did you ever know a big-hearted man to give away any thing except smiles? Big talk goes with being a Repub lican: but I am a Republican, and get nothing out of it except the pleasure of abusing Democrats, and the excitement of occasionally changing masters. IeeberKs for Safety. PORTLAND. April 25. (To the Edi tor.) In discussion of the Titanic dis aster it has never been suggested that the survivors might have found rescue on the iceberg on which the ship had struck. Is it not probable that there would have been sufficient level space to have placed a large number of those on board where they might have await ed assistance? Is it not still within the realm of possibility that many bod ies may be found if the iceberg is reached before it passes to warmer seas? c- N- Dr. Monteasorl'a Book. HOQUIAM, Wash., April 22 To the Editor.) Please advise me where I can buy Dr. Monttssori's book, com mented on in an editorial April 21, 1912. Also if the book is written in English. I was much interested in the editorial and as I have a boy whom I believe this idea is the proper treatment for. I would greatly appreciate your assist ance in helping me get the book. WILLIAM E. CAMPBELLL. Dr Montessorl's book has been trans lated into English and is for sale at the book stores. lltanle Builders. GRESHAM. Or., Apt 11 23. (To the Editor.) Will you kindly ir.rorm a schoolboy where the Titanic was con structed and by what ingenuity Eng lish or American? CLYDE RUEGG The Titanic was built by Harland & Wolff, Belfast. Ireland. Features of Oregonian anthor- eatest im