TITH MORXINO OREGOXIAN. TIIURSDAY. FEBRUARY 8, 1912. 10 tyt (Oitrrinnnu rOBIXAXD. OBCGO!. t Portland. Oregon. PostofTleo butscnpuoa Hhs Invariably ' - (BT MAIL.) Ps'Tt. ?anT Uic'i!11. yser. I'sily. hondir lnc:-J.1.4. til month.... I. .-. jn.lr lok.i.'1.I. months., i- I .:r. mir.i.T miu4d. on mo-.n.... Is: y. w.thout HunJH. vnm yr. I t:r. without uiJ4. s.x. month..... j-j' I ilr. wt'.tnt sun.i.y, Ht mont&s.. -J I j.y. without SunUsy. mooio lS.ly. OU JFt - j,, frunly. yr -. . . " - o uiiUj kad Wkly. om ysr (BT CARRIER.) Trolly. few'ST InrtudKl. ! Tr u.ar Include'. ra"iin Haw I Krmit Fr.J Postoff!.- ""': r irr.tt owl.r or pr inJ chli t tho s.rdr-s risk. Gis po:o(TK a.Irsss la full. Inciudlns county and stt. riu RjMvo 10 p'- " to : . a e.att; o t p"- . to ps. conta. 'orin poss BOQblo TBI. Ertm BnltM 1w VrT Conk- Mn Nw Tor. UronawKk ullilD- t-Bi- uto. 8irr kutldiac Laropa Ollki So. t Hssnt strs. S. W.. L oca an. rORTLAXD. THITCPAT. 1XB. S. Hit. THE AXTt-THIRD TEM TRAIUTIO. The tradition that no President of Ifce United States ought to have a third term run bck to Washington. To ward the dose of bis atcond term he announced In the most positive man ner that he would not again be a can didate and published his decision wide ly In his farewell address, leaving the matter open to no poaslblo question or Jotibt. His Immediate successor was John Adams, who had no occasion to decline a third term, or even a second one. for he waa not a popular man. Next came Jefferson, who went Into office aa the choice of a Urge major ity of the peopte and won more favor continually until the end of his second term. When the time came for him to think of retiring to his estate at Monttcello an agitation waa set going to elect him a third time. Some of the state lertoltures formally request ed him to permit his name to go be fore the people, but he resolutely de clined. To the Legislature of Vermont, which had made such a request, he Tp tied that. Inasmuch aa the Consti tution had fixed no limit to the num ber of terms a President might serve. It must be done by custom. Other wise "his office, nominally for years, will In fact become for life." Jeffer son had In mind the example of Po und and some other countries where kings chosen for life had precipitated endless dissensions by trying- to make their dynasties perpetual. After Jefferson's time the subject of a third term waa not revived until the end of Grant'a second Administration. It -waa proposed to elect him again and he did not peremptorily decline to be come a candidate. Perhaps he would have been nominated and might have been elected had It not been for a res olution adopted by the House of Rep resentatives strongly condemning the project. The resolution declared that the precedent established by Washing ton and Jefferson In retiring at the close of their second terms had be come by universal consent a part of our system of republican government, "and that any departure from this time honored custom would be unwise, un patriotic and fraught with peril to onr free Institutions." The resolution, of fered by Mr. Springer of Illinois, was passed by a vote of 23 J to IS and ef fectually quieted the third-term movement so far as Grant was con-tc-rned. Mr. Roosevelt became President upon the death of McKlnley and served three and a half years before I.e was chosen In his own right. As soon as he received the news of his election In the Fall of l0f he declared emphatically that he regarded this period aa his first term. It was sub stantially If not formally such, and he observed that the "wise custom' established by Washington and Jef ferson "regards the substance and not the form." Therefore he went on to say positively that "under no circum stances will I be a candidate for or accept another nomination." Whether Mr. Roosevelt would now look upon this announcement as premature and wish to revise it a little the public has no way of finding out. Circumstances often change men's views and the world Is not in the habit of blaming statesmen very severely for Inconsis tencies which appear to be Justified Toy time and chance. Fixed as the op position to a third terra has seemed to I In our polity there Is nothing sa cred in it. and if NattonnI advantage should require the adoption of a new plan doubtless the people would con sent. After all, the only Important question Is, how it would work in prac tice. The only serious argument against a third term or a dozen terms that has ever been offered Is the dan ger that the Incumbent might make himself perpetual dictator or king and establish a dynasty at Washington. Of course this objection Is not groundless. The public has seen a retiring President virtually name his successor and he might name himself as easily as anybody else. With the immense control over the nominating machinery which his office gives he might perhaps obtain one nomination after another and thus become the perpetual incumbent. If he had a son of an ambitious) torn why should he not pass the Presidency over to him lo good time as we have seen one President pass it on to another, and thus make it hereditary? Jefferson feared that something of this sort might happen. It was his main rea son for declining a third election. Very likely the nominating convention will not last much longer. According to the signs of the times the people may nominate candidates for the Presi dency directly before a great while. In that case the Incumbent will lose his hold upon the election machinery and the danger which Jefferson foresaw will not look so threatening. Still we have to face the question whether a popular President might not succeed In making himself dictator by favor of the voters as easily as through nom inating conventions. The trick has been turned by both methods In other countries. Many writers believe that the Constitution ought to be amend ed by providing for a term of seven or eight years and prohibiting a re-election. The advantages of such an "arrange ment are fairly obvious. For one thing, the President would be disen cumbered of partisan politics at one stroke and could give all his attention to the duties of his office. He would not feel obliged to spend the four years of bis first term laying the pins for a second. But It will be a long time before any change of this kind Is made in the Constitution. Indeed, the ten dency Is In the opposite direction. The voters prefer to shorten the terms of their officials instead of extending them. THE JirtnOMAH COAT. Multnomah Is the "wealthiest and most populous county in Oregon, as everyone knows. Naturally Multno mah will bear the heaviest portion of the proposed tar for the J20.000.000 tood roads bonds. The taxpayers of Multnomah have-no special reason to comfclaln about that. If they get pro portional benefit. But let us see how Multnomah fares under the distribu tion of the IIO.OOO.OOO to the various counxles in Oregon. shall not give the process of the following precise mathematical state ment, since It Is complicated and dif ficult: but It Is conclusive, and we In vite the West road projectors to cor rect the figures if they are wrong. Multnomah alone will pay out In principal and Interest for the 120.000. 00 thirty-year bonds (on the basis of the present equalization) as its pro portion the stupendous sum of II". S05.100. Hear that sum in mind $17,806,100. It Is to be paid out by the taxpayers of Multnomah alone as their contribution toward the 120.000. 000 principal and 130.000.000 Inter est. How much does Multnomah ret of the 120.000.000? A third? It pays out about one-third, and naturally you would think that It would receive In return for good roads a like propor tion. But does It? Not by a Jugfull. It g"ts back H64.761. To get this piti ful fraction from the state tt has be sides to rut up an additional J464.7S1. making a total of 1929.523 for good roads In Multnomah for which It will have paid out $18,270,865. Grand scheme. Wonderful finance through which Multnomah gets In good roads about one-twentieth mark you, one twentieth of the good roads It pays for through this $20,000,000 good roads high finance. Marlon. Umatilla, Jackson and prob ably several other counties will pay out much more than they receive. It would be well for taxpayers there to sit down, take a pencil and do a little figuring. They will be astounded at results. But with Multnomah poor Multnomah It is a case of everything going out and nothing, or very little, coming In. FORTY MEASUKKH. Dr. Wilson ascertained, on that fa mous visit to Oregon, at the Invitation of Lawgiver ITRen. that the Initiative was a perfect marvel of practicable legislative mechanism. The plastic mind of the scholarly visitor was eas ily molded to the t7"Ren view. Since then the Oregon system has had a firm friend and eloqaent advocate- in Dr. Wilson. His previous Ideas. . taught through many profitless years to the students of Princeton, that legislation is. or should be, the product of con sultation, deliberation, compromise, discussion, revision, correction and modification, were cheerfully aban doned, for they were wrong, and the doctor found it ont at that auspicious hour when he became a candidate for President. We invite Dr. Wilson's perspicacious atttentlon to the fact that under the Initiative and referendum Oregon will next November pass on at least forty measures. The largest number here fore waa thirty-two; but as we grow older we get bolder and more wise. It would be pleasant to have Dr. Wilson's renewed assurance that the people of Oregon know exactly what they are doing and can make no mistakes. Forty measures! We are getting along. TIIK GREAT RECLAMATTOX JOKE. A friend writes to ask why The Ore gon Ian did not print Senator Bourne's platform at the time he filed Ms dec laration of candidacy for re-election at Salem. The Oregonlan duly printed it then, we believe, but in order to re assure our correspondent that there was no intentional discrimination, we reprint It In full. The Senator says he stands for the following: Ornron system, of popular OTrnmt. ris ing equal opportunities to all with prlvtle to none; popular clretlon of I'nlttd states rnatora: parrels post. Including rural de livery; Federal control of lnterata com merce; rlfftd xcluelon of coolie labor: per manent non-purtiimn tariff rommMilon; lib oral appropriating for rlvere and harbors Improvement; free tone for American ship ping through the F-anama Canal; enfoce mrnl of the pnre food lawe; liberal penelons for deeervlng reterene; fair share of Imita tion funda for Oregon: Increased efficiency rather than false economy In Governmental operations; National good roads legislation k use of pubttc resources ertth Intelligent con serration; honest government, service and business. A comprehensive programme. In deed, and mighty Interesting, too. Tet we miss the single tax and woman suf. frage. They are not there. Over sight, doubtless. But we find the ex plicit expression for a "fair share of Irrigation funds for Oregon." Is the man who Is chiefly respons ible for the state's failure to get a fair share of the great Government rec lamation fund trying to play a grim Joke on the people of Oregon? THE BOY STOUTS. The organization of Boy Scouts is designed to counteract the effects of artificial conditions of life peculiar to civilization and to preserve what Is good of barbarous conditions. A boy born and . brought up In a city, who has never lived In the country, much less In the wilderness, is the most help less creature alive. He cannot light a campflre, cook a meal, improvise bed and shelter, secure food by hunting or fashing, find his way in the woods or the desert, trail and catch a stray horse or saddle him, place and secure a pack on a horse or do any of the things which are necessary In .the wilds. Comparatively few American boys are so helpless, but there are mil lions of such boys In Europe, and their number In this country grows as cities grow and the wilderness becomes tamed. Tet it Is not only necessary In a boy's own Interest that he should learn all these things In boyhood. In order that he may be equipped to cope with any emergency he may meet, but It is most beneficial to him In the develop ment of manliness, self-reliance and mutual helpfulness, as well as in phy sical development. The Boy Scouts are trained not only to take Tare of themselves tinder any conditions, but to help each other. If two boys go hunting together and one oft them is wounded, breaks a bone or is in dan ger of drowning, his companion should be able to stop the flow of blood and bind the wound; to make a splint for the broken bone; to help his comrade out of the stream and clear the lungs of water. Such simple, necessary things, as well as those already enumerated, the Boy Scout learns, and be is a bet ter, more useful citizen for knowing them. The Boy Scouts are not a military organization, but they learn many things which are of value to a soldier and which enhance their value as sol diers. Discipline, co-operation, ability and willingness to help contribute to the making not only of a good soldier but of a good citizen. All the things which equip a boy for a ramble in the forest and mountains are of value to the soldier. By learning them he does not Imbibe the military spirit, so ab horred by peace advocates, but he ac quires knowledge which will stand him in good stead In war as In peace. Imagine a cockney recruit in the Brit ish army during the Boer war, who had never before been outside of a town, separated from his command on the South African veldt. He would have wandered until he starved to death through sheer Ignorance. The same man with the training of a Boy Scout would know precisely what to do In such an emergency. The Boy Scout is trained In the healthy. Invigorating ways of outdoor life without any Intent to train him for war. but. if war should come, he will be all the better as a soldier for hav ing had this training. . CL.tWIIAntErt COATS. Not very long ago we took notice of a psychic storm at Kugene set going by the clawhammer coat. The objec tionable garment was thought to be out of place at some of the college functions and students were adjured not to don It lest democratic Institu tions suffer by Its unholy presence. The storm appears to be more than a mere local disturbance, for It has now made Its appearance at Stanford. From that excessively proletarian seat of learning word comes that the claw hammer coat Is exciting perturbations at the college theater. A youth who has money enough to purchase one of the trouble-breeding garments puts It on and plants him self In one of the best seats at the theater. Naturally no true democrat will sit anywhere near him. The con sequence is that expensive seats are sold only to the aristocratic few, while the Impecunious and proletarian many perch in the gallery and the box office has to face impending bankruptcy. This is melancholy In the extreme and we would fain offer some good advice which may perhaps help to heal dis sension both at Eugene and Stanford. Our first observation Is that true democracy Is not so much a matter of clothes as of mind and heart. It is Just as easy to love your fellowman In a clawhammer coat as in a knit sweat er, and sometimes far easier for him to love you If your attire conforms to the customs of time and place. Dirt and squalor are not essential factors in democracy, nor need a man be clownish in manner or dress In order to feel the movlngs of humanity in his spirit. The reason why the genuine "demo crats" at Stanford will not sit near a clawhammer coat Is not assigned In the report we have read, but it Is eas ily guessed. The young man In a sweater feels ashamed of himself and dreads comparison with his comrade In a neat evening suit. If he were not guiltily self-conscious, neither the other man's coat nor his own would worry him for an Instant. It Is only an inner sense of unfitness in himself which drives a man to pay excessive attention to clothes. CANAL BCUT FOK THE FORKIGXEK. The Pacific Coast will gain most of the benefits to be derived by the United States from cdnstructlon of the Panama Canal, but foreign nations will derive far more benefit than all of the United States, unless we repeal our pbsolete shipping laws and allow our shipowners to compete on equal terms with those of other nations. This is the opinion of John F. Wallace, former chief engineer of the canal, expressed In an article In the New York Times. Of the two sections of the United States, the Atlantic Coast will benefit but little In foreign commerce. The only parts of the world which will be brought closer are the west coast of South America, which has only 10 per cent of the entire exports of South America; Australia and New Zealand; and that part of the Orient east of the Straits of Singapore. The advan tage In distance of the Panama over the Suez route from the Atlantic Ocean to the last-named section of the world will be largely offset by the fact that Hawaii is the only Intermediate trading port on the way across the Pacific, while ships "using the Suez route tonch at many large and im portant trading ports on the voyage to the Orient. But Mr. Wallace, while generally discouraging the expectation of great benefits to the United States as a whole from the canal, says this: The only section of the United States that will recetva an Immediate and direct benefit from tha construction of the Panama canal, and which has made comparatively little ef fort to prepare for the pttUxatlOQ of its ad vantages. Is tha Pacific Coast. The Panama Canal route will bring this coast Into closer contact with Europe, and on account of the short distance from the Pacific Coast ta the Orient, traffic will natur ally follow this coast Una from tha Panama Canal to Vancouver. This section, however. In the opin ion of Mr. Wallace, will not gain the full advantage of the canal "until our Nation wipes from its books obsolete laws and restrictions, the enforcement of which has eliminated our commerce from the high seas." He points out how visionary Is the hope that exemption of American foreign-going ships from canal tolls would overcome the handicap of our tariff and shipping laws. This handi cap makes the cost of carrying a ton of freight In American bottoms two or three times as much as in foreign bottoms and is too great to be over come by discrimination In canal tolls. Since Congress cannot be Induced to grant subsidies to fast mail lines, no shipowner need hope to secure a sub sidy for slow freighters sufficient to overcome this enormous handicap. Hence Mr. Wallace concludes that foreign nations will derive the greatest benefit from the enterprise In which we have Invested $375,000,000 and in support of this opinion he quotes the following remark made to him by a high official in the British admiralty: Wallace, civilisation Is to ba congratulated that the United States is constructing tha Panama Canal for tha benefit of British com merce. He believes that, of Pacific Coast ports, Vancouver, B. C, will derive the greatest benefit, since it is a British port, free from restrictions, at the gateway to the Orient and the Pacific, and the trade of the Northwest and of Europe will flow thither. He adds this remark, most mortifying to the pride of Vancouver's neighbors In the United States: Unless our shipping laws are changed a large amount of the business of the United States will be handled by the railroads which now or may hereafter center at Vanoouver. Not only have we handicapped our foreign trade to such a degree that we cannot prevent foreign nations from being the chief beneficiaries of our huge Investment, but we have also handicapped our coastwise trade by excluding foreign-built ships. Since freight on American-built ships is two or three times as high as on those of foreign build, we are imposing on wa ter transportation a tax to this extent for the benefit of the transcontinental railroads with which coastwise vessels compete. We built the canal to re duce transportation cost between our two seaboards, but, even after It Is opened, we shall not secure the full reduction Justified by the changed con ditions until we allow forelgn-bullt ships to enter the coastwise trade. When we fully realize this fact and apply the only effective remedy, we shall have fulfilled this prediction of Mr. Wallace as to the benefits of the canal: The great benefit to the country will be tn the way of awakening and stimulating our people with progressive Ideas In Increasing the efficiency of our merchant marine, and . i . i . i . i a. i fnralm trmAm rela- urrroj mm.aiMi -u. . . . . n - tlons In order to properly compete with other nationa The near completion of the canal should be made the occasion of a cam paign of education on the pernicious effect of our shipping laws. An outgrowth of the construction of the Panama Canal Is a recommenda tion to be made by Colonel Grunsky, the noted engineer, at the Interna tional Congress of Navigation, which meets in Philadelphia in May, that an international agreement fix a standard depth of water in harbors and conse quently fix a limit to the size of ocean going vessels. He contends that the size or the canal and locks practically fix a limit to the size of ships, as they cost too much to be changed easily and maintains that no government aid should be given to vessels too large to enter a harbor of the standard depth. Noted harbor authorities as sert that shipowners must consider the technical and financial difficulties of deepening harbors. Mr. Grunsky con tends that, even with a limit on the size of ships, there would still be room for improvement in engines and speed. Oregon's smallest county In area is Multnomah. The wealthiest county in Oregon is Multnomah. It Is proposed to Issue $20,000,000 In bonds for roads and apportion $16,000,000 equally among the counties and $5,000,000 ac cording to area. The result would be that In paying off the debt Multnomah would have the greatest burden, while In apportionment of funds Multnomah would receive the least direct benefit of any county. Toward the $5,000,000 apportioned to area Multnomah would contribute more than one-third and would receive back less than one two hundredth. In other words, Multno mah would pay to the state more than $1,650,000 (no accounting being made of Interest) to obtain less than $25,000 of state money to Invest In roads. We drove Spain out of Cuba because the chronic state of revolt due to her misgovernment made Cuba a public nuisance. We may yet find It easier to set up a stable government in Mexico by armed force and maintain It by a protectorate for the same reason. Nations have no more right tljan Indi viduals to disturb their neighbors with their quarrels. The United States does not relish police work among her can tankerous neighbors, but we may de cide that It is cheaper In the long run to cross the border and stop the dis turbance than to keep a large army on guard. The T. M. C. A., (which Is an author ity on young men, estimates "the cap ital value of the average young man or older boy" at $15,000, though It Is admitted that here and there one Is found who is "worth about 15 cents." The $15,000 boy appears to be an ob ject of sufficient value to be worth some care and attention. The more we put into him In the way of good food, wholesome exercise, education and high Ideals the more we are likely to get out of him later on. He la Just about the best Investment the world offers at present. W. Bayard Hale did not miss the head of the nail very far when he said that Dickins could portray "only hon est, simple women." He described some others, but not very convincingly. To Dickens a woman In literature or politics was a ludicrous figure. He could only appreciate her as a wife and mother. Had he lived In our day very likely his Ideals would have broadened, for Dickens was a pro gressive genius In full sympathy with all forward movements. When the capital stock of one sub sidiary of the Standard Oil Company can be multiplied by four and that of another by thirty, in order to make their capitalization correspond with their assets. It does not appear that dissolution of the trust has had any Injurious effect on the value of the stock. The operations of the several units of the former trust will bear watching by the Government. The Mayor of Hoqulam believes that "the Lord called him from the pulpit Into politics." Perhaps he might more accurately have said that he was called from a pulpit where he preached In terms of outworn symbols to one where the symbols are full of life and promise. We can think of no field where a man of prophetic gifts who craves martyrdom can do and get what he wants so satisfactorily as in politics. Sam Gompers Insists he had no In tent to show contempt to the Supreme Court and Sam will do well to make the court believe him. Otherwise only Omnipotence can save him. If you ever bought any dynamite and now find you are "shadowed" arrange quickly for a ball bond, for the sleuths are after you. - The Old Hen has the asylum In the air. There is nothing "Just as good as," hence eggs are cut oft the menu. Arresting the owner rather than the unlicensed canine eases the burden of the poundmaster. ' Nome Is suffering, while Alaska Is full of coal. This Is an age of absurdi ties. Another burglar has been scared away by a baby. The moral Is obvious. San Francisco is cleaning house a long time ahead of the big show. Portland's new hotel Is some "swell tenti Stars and Star-Makers By Leone Cass Baer. Marie Flynn, who was here a few days ago with "Madame Sherry," says In a San Francisco Interview she's playing there now that to her positive knowledge she is the youngest prima donna on the stage. Which remark, tn print, will no doubt cause many another who lays claim to the distinc tion to go on a still hunt for little Miss Flynn's family Bible. e e Just as soon as Its highly successful engagement at the Republic Theater, In New York, is over, "Rebecca of Sunny Brook Farm," which Is not, as many surmise, an antl-prohlbltion play, will be sent on tour by Klaw & Er- langer, and In the late Spring will get to Portland. v e e e Joseph Hart's symbolic playlet, "Ev erywlfe," which must not be confound ed with Walter Brown's "Every Wo man," Is a soon-to-come-about-booking over the Orpheum circuit. The com pany required to produce It numbers 21 players. see This week the Burbank Stock Com pany, In Los Angeles. Is putting on George Broadhurst's popular play. "The Dollar Mark," which George L. Baker's stock company introduced to Portland last season with J. Frank Burke in the big role. Last season the Burbank folk had a tremendous run with this piece, and are now, by request of patrons, having a revival of It, Instead of "Mrs. Wlggs of the Cabbage Patch," which they had advertised. Our old friend, Henry Stockbrldge, familiarly known as "Heinle," is appearing in the role of young Bayllss. e e e Uiilnma Schumann - Helnk. whose marital woes have lately been freely lred for nubile discussion, sang at a concert in Los Angeles on the 6th and 7th. and gives another appearance on Saturday afternoon. m m w Ferris Hartman, who came up to Portland last Fall to give us his origi nal version of "The Toymaker," Is rounding out his fourth week at the f!rand Onora-House in Los Angeles He still has his "original" company, In cluding waiter De Lean ana Mrs. wai ter, who professionally Is known as Miss "Muggins" Davis. They are pre senting "The Campusj" a musical com edy set about college life. James O'Nell has started out again in "Monte Crlsto," which he has been playing almost continuously for 25 years, and In which he is remembered by folk in Portland, who saw him when he first began touring In it. e e e When Anna Held was at Pasadena, on her way up here in "Miss Inno cence," she did the usual and expected thing and visited the ostrich farm. Also Madame Anna had her photograph taken riding on an animated willow nluma. The oress agent account of it says that "it Is no easy thing to at tain a correct poise upon an ostrich, ar.A h, ivtrnea tourist uDon the back 6f a live ostrich resembles nothing so much as a tree-climber. But Madame Held succeeded In obtaining the most nerfect rjosition of anyone who ever sat for their photo at the farm." From which. It would appear that Madame Anna hits the superlative degree In about everything she attempts. At any rate, Anna Held the pose. e a e Booked for early engagements at the Hellig are William Faversham.in Edward Knoblauch's comedy, "The Faun"; the merry Pullman farce, "Ex cuse Me," written by Rupert Hughes, another of whose plays, "Two Wom en," will soon be brought here by Mrs. Leslie Carter. A return visit of "Madame X" Is scheduled also. e e e And the list of stars that will shine here before the season ends augurs well for our entertainment. For In stance, there are Maude Adams, John Drew, and later his niece, Ethel Bar rymore, Elsie Janls, who regretfully lays claim to being the youngest star in theatrical captivity; Blanche Bates, who will have to voice her sentiments about her "home town" when she ar- i rives in Portland; BilUe Burke. Lulu Glaser, William Gillette, who did not Invent safety razors, and last, but by no stretch of Imagination least, Mizzl Hajos. e e e In Sacramento the lease of the Em press Theater, which was formerly the Grand, Just as our Empress was at one time- the Grand, has been bought by "Jim" Post, the millionaire come dian, who will take charge Septem ber 1. He will play a season of his own musical comedies, afterward al ternating with other actor-managers who have their own houses on the Pacific Coast. The Sullivan & Conci dine people, present tenants at the Empress, will erect a new theater. e e e Henry W. Savage's opera production of "The Girl of the Golden West." played In Denver, Col., last night. ' e e Robert Hood Bowers, the composer of the musio of "The Red Rose," which opens at the Hellig this evening, used to be a professor of Latin at the State University of Pennsylvania. , He wrote also the music for Elsie Janls' play, "The Vanderbtlt Cup," composed most of the score of the Follies Bergere en tertainment, and all of the score for Mabel Hite's vehicle. "A Certain Party." The two Smiths, Harry B. and Robert B., wrote the book and lyrics of "The Red Rose." The for mer, by the way. Is owner of the fin est Dickens collection In existence. His private library Is valued at $250,000. see The Seattle Elks have broken out with an attack of histrionics and on February 21 and 22 will stake an am bitious theatrical spectacle called "The Elk's Tooth." It's a three act musical comedy, and the proceeds will be de voted to a building fund now being raised. A director, L H. Brown, from Denver, has been employed to stage the production. After many days of persuasion, by letter, telephone and telegraph. Man ager Ed Drew, of the Seattle Theater In the Sound City, has been able to Induce the temperamental Sis Hopkins to come back to his town and play two return performances at his thea ter next Sunday afternoon and night, when she passes through Seattle en route East from British Columbia. At first Miss Melville demurred, saying that she wanted to rest on that day, and that she had all the money she needed anyway. On Mr. Drew's earn est representation that he didn't have, however, she relented. GET IIV AND DIG, SAYS LABORER Knocks and Street-Corner Tails Don't Make Prostrerlty. PORTLAND, Feb. 6. (To the Edi tor.) I noticed In The Morning Ore gonlan, February 5, a letter from the Central Labor Council of Portland con cerning the welfare of this city and state. I would like to know If north, south, east and west are not conditions the same? The poor are always with us. The trouble with the majority is too much pleasure and too much city. I tm well aware farming for the be ginner Is hard work. What about the pioneers who faced death and had to struggle to exist no markets, no roads simply nothing but the tall tim ber. Supposing we divided the wealth or our rich Nation equally among us all, how Ions would It be before a few be came rich again? We notice European countries have the same conditions, only worse. The trouble is the United States some years ago was too good in i -n , . - i ti tT rran nTir ilnnrD H Tl 1 1 lnVltlnST - ' r f ' 1 " " - . the people of European nations, good or LI&U, 11' V. 1 1 1 ' ,14 cai.U ........ at home. What are the results? Our prisons and poorfarms and asylums show. I am a poor man with a family, too, and I have had to get in and dig, and I thank my superiors in mind and wealth for my prosperity. I was in California over 20 years ago, when what little I had I lost. I had no time to; cry over spilled milk, and I was notf the only one. But something had to be done and done quickly, and many of us came this way. and it didn't look any too encouraging. But we had to dig and we did dig until a home was real ized, and there was no charity or any thing else. I cannot understand why labor lead ers do not have an emergency fund for the working class bo when times are bad they needn't call on the city. How quickly unions all over the country col lected thousands of dollars to defend the labor leaders when in trouble! Just think. Mr. Darrow's allowance was ,50, 000 : What a wonderful relief there could have been given here to their fellow-worklngmen. Why don't labor leaders go into the real estate business? The money collected could be well in vested in a colony for only the working class. What a monument to the cause of labor! Sickness is a misfortune with a poor man and his family, and I have had a taste of that. During the hard times my wife was sick; It was the birth of my third child, tut a doctor took care of my case and I was to pay him each month. When I had paid three months or more he gave me a receipt In full. Why? Because I was a hard-working man. and I asked for nothing. Ho is dead now, and this secret went to the grave with him. He was very rich, and there are many more rich like him yet on earth. In conclusion let me say that all the street-corner agitation and knocking does not get Jobs, but we have to get In and dig. CHARLES CUMMINGS, A Laboring Man. Consignee Is Not Liable. MOHAWK, Or., Feb. 4. (To the Edi tor.) A 50-pound box was sent by freight, prepaid, from Los Angeles, Cal., to a point in Oregon. By some chance a storage house in San Francisco got hold of the box and kept it three or four weeks, then reshipped it to des tination. The agent at said destination refuses to deliver same until said stor age company Is paid storage charges. Is consignee liable for mistakes of rail road company? A SUBSCRIBER. ' No. PORTLAND, Feb. 6. (To the Edi tor.) A man and wife have Joint deed in a piece of property. Could the wife will her interest in said property without her husband's consent? SUBSCRIBER. Country Town Sayings by Ed Howe People say for awhile that a promi nent man was made by his wife; but they soon change their tune, and say the devil had a hand In It. Women live longer than men be cause they do not worry so much If they fall to become famous. It JuBt about kills a man if he doesn't attract attention. When a business man has had a good many partners it is a bad sign. A school teacher never seems to run things a great deal except with the children in his room. When a schemer visits a town, and his scheme fafls to go, he says It is the dullest town he ever visited in the course of his business career. I have never been able to understand why photographers are not heroes in novels, rather than painters; they make better pictures. A compliment is never as great as it might be. Some young women buy drygoods so steadily and liberally that the store clerks can never tell when they buy a trousseau. Everybody Is willing to impose on a good cook. A man doesn't dread becoming bald as much as a woman dreads becoming fat. . Your friends ask you every day: Did you see this in The Oregonian? Did you see that in The Oregonian? Did you notice so-and-so's ad in this morning's Oregonian? Why do you suppose they always refer to The Ore gonian? You know why. But you have never thought very much about it The morning paper is the only daily paper that could tell you something President Taft said in an interview last night. Only in the morning paper can you find the grand total of the happenings of the past twenty-four hours. You .want the news when it is news. Why wait until the evening of the next day? The same with your advertis ing. The homekeeper wants your store news in the morning. The very last thing before she starts on her shopping tour. Ask yourself this question : Do you not get hold of an Oregonian the first possible minute every morning? Do you not look at the headlines with a keen interest? Do you not delay coming to breakfast because you are deeply absorbed in some news item? Now, ask yourself if this state of affairs holds true as regards the evening papers. Half a Century Ago From Tho Oregonlan of February 8, 1S62. From The Oregonlan of Feb. 8, 1862. We have already stated that a num ber of the Knights of the Golden Cir cle were arrested In Ohio. Their rit uals, mode of operations, grips, a large list of members and places of meeting were discovered. Several individuals had managed to be present at one of their meetings, who disclosed all the facts necessary to secure their arrest. It will be seen by the operations of the society in Ohio that the Knights do not confine their operations to the rebel states. Their field of operation is wide spread. Their aims are to paSalyze all efforts to raise men in the free states to carry on war against rebellion ef fectually; to resist the collection of the war tax and' in every way possible to embarrass and. if possible, break up the Government. We present the oaths which are ex acted from all the members of the lodges of the Golden Circle: First oath "I do truly and solemnly promise and swear that I will not re veal any word, either directly or Indi rectly, of what I am about to receive, except It be to some true and faithful brother of the order, and not unto him or them until after strict examina tion I shall have found him or them as Justly entitled to the same as I myself am about to be, under the no less penalty of having my body severed into four parts, the first part cast out at the north gate, the second part at the south, the third part at the east and the fourth part at the west gate. I furthermore promise that I will al ways hail and answer all signs and signals that are given to me by a broth er of this order if in my power to do so; and I furthermore promise and swear that I will protect and defend all Constitutional Democrats, their lives, property and personal liberty, from mob violence during this South ern Insurrection, so long as they obey the laws of the U. S. A., let it come from whatever source It may; this ob ligation to be binding on me as long as the war shall last. Second oath "And I further promise and swear, In the presence of Almighty God and the members of the Golden Circle, that I will not rest or sleep un til Abraham Lincoln, now President, shall be removed out of the Presiden tial chair, and I will wade In blood up to my knees, as soon as Jefferson Da vis sees proper to march with his army to take the City of Washington and the White House, to do the same. 8o help me God, and keep me steadfast to do the same." Samuel Cheney, a citizen of Ohio, on whose affidavit the arrests were made, swore in proper form that the above were the oaths administered to all the Knights. Four other citizens also made oath to the same effect. We have strong means to believe that the Knlg-hts of the Golden Circle are leaders, indeed the master spirits, of the secession party in Oregon. Anti-Coolie Association of San Fran cisco We have received a lengthy cir cular from the institution above named setting forth the ends which have re sulted to white labor in California from the Introduction of Chinese coolies. . . . and that for these and many other reasons measures should be adopted to put a stop to their further Immigration. The measures recom mended are: "The passage of an act providing for a gradually Increasing license tax upon all Mongolians in this state." California is suffering from the in troduction . of Chinese coolies. The Anti-Coolie Association has for its ob ject the putting a stop to such immigra tion. It may succeed by the adoption of the measures proposed. They are worth trying. We have but few Chi nese among us; some of them are ap parently respectable and others belong to the lowest grade of humanity. We are informed that some one cut the halyards of the city flagstaff one night this week. The topmast will have to be lowered in order to reef them again. A rope's end would be too good for one so evil-disposed. The house of Mr. Giles, about three miles north of town, is a place of fre quent resort by some of our young people, parties being held there two or three evenings of each week. The fine sleighing and pleasant moonlight nights make it a splendid drive down there. The steamer "Vancouver is now able to reach the northern bank of the Columbia River, opposite the mouth of the Willamette. TTevr Names for All Peaks. PORTLAND, Feb. 6. (To the Edi tor.) I noticed in The Oregonlan an article on changing the name of Mount Rainier to Mount Jim HU1. If such a change Is made, I as a regular reader suggest other changes to be made, through falmeas to other controlling interests, such as Mount St. Helens to Mount Weyerhaeuser, Mount McKlnley to Mount Guggenheim, Mount Hood to Mount J. P. Morgan, Mount Jefferson to Mount Rockefeller, Mount Adams to Mount Andrew Carnegie. I think it only fair and Just, if one is changed, to go in and do the square thing and change them all. Hoping this will meet with approval. I remain In favor nf "Rainier." FAIR PLAY. 4