711 E MORNING OREGONIAN. TIIURSDAY, DECEMBER 31. 1911.
TARIFF BILLTO RE '
CONSIDERED EARLY
TUFT HOLOS WOOL
OUIY EXCESSIVE
PROMINENT NEW YORKERS. WITH THREE OF WHOM TATT CON
FERRED YESTERDAY.
ROOKWOOD POTTERY
TIFFANY FAVRILE GLASS
S3
33
33
Message Counsels Revision
Downward, Leaving Fixing
of Rate to Congress.
Congress Leaders Agree
Measure Will Take Much
Time to Prepare.
23
TRUSTS NOW BENEFITED
VIEWS ARE DIVERGENT
a" -
t - - v-t""""- ' ' - " '
ill "m : ' -V- -' , V-Ml
111, ? V V v 5 i 11
H' f v
President Says Difference Between
Cost at Home and Abroad Is
Proper Basis Report of
Board Submitted.
WASHINGTON. Dec. JO. President
Taft sent a mriufo to Congress today
mommfidlnt a downward revision of
the tariff on wool. Accompanying the
message was the report of the Tariff
Board. Neither the message nor the
report attempts to fix the rate of duty,
but the President recommends that the
proposed revision adhere to a policy of
protection based upon the difference In
cost of production at home and abroad.
The message says that the present
method of assigning; the duty on raw
wool operates to exclude wools of high
shrinkage In scouring, but of fine qual
ity, from the American market, and
tnerety lessens tiie range of wools
available to the domestic manufacturer,
ami that the duty on scoured wool of
II cents per pound Is prohibitory and
operates to exclude the Importation of
r!-in. low-priced foreign wools of In
ferior grade, which are. nevertheless,
valuable material for manufacturing
anl Mcti cannot be Imported In the
grease because of their heavy shrink
age. .uch wools. If Imported, might be
uned to displace me cneap substitute
now In use. the President says, and con
tlnus:
"There discriminations could be over
come by assessing a duty of ad valorem
terms, but this method Is open to the
objection, nrst. that it Increases admin
istrative difficulties and tends to de
crease revenue through under valua
tions, and. second, that as prices ad
vance th ad valorem rate Increases
the duty per pound at tu time when
the consumer most needs relief and
the produce can best stand competition,
wlnle If prices decline the duty Is de
creased at the time when the consumer
l least burdened by the price and the
producer most needs protrctlon.
Method f Fixing Daly Saaaesle.
"Another method of meeting the dif
ficulty of taxing the grease pound Is
to assess a speclflo duty on grease wool
In terms of Its scoured contents. This
obviates the chief evil of the present
vsiem. namely, the discrimination due
to different percentages, and thereby
tends greatly to equalize the duty.
The board reports that this method Is
feasible In practice and could be ad
mtristered without great expense.
"The report shows In detail the diffi
cult es Involved In attempting to state
In categorical terms the cost of wool
production and the great differences
in com as between different regions
and different tvpes of wool. It Is tound.
however, that taking all varieties Into
account the average cost of production
for the whole American clip is higher
than the cost in the chief competing
country by an amount somewhat less
than the present duty.
"The report shows that the duties
on noils, wools and wastes, which are
adjusted to the rate of 23 cents on
soured wool, is prohibitory. In gen
eral thev are assessed at rates aa high
as or higher than the duties paid on
the clean content of wools actually
Imported.
"They should be reduced and so ad
justed to the rate of wool as to bear
their proportion to the real rate levied
en the acuta! wool imports.
"The duties on many claases of wool
manufacture are prohibitory and grea t-lv-
In excess of the difference in coat
of production here and abroad.
Csmsfsulerr Dwly Kat esalvsv.
"On tops up to 63 cents a pound In
vaiue. and on yarns of S cents In value
the rate ! lo per cent, with corres
pondingly li'kh rates for lower values.
On cheap arid medium grade cloths,
the existing rates frequently run to lo
per cent and on some cheap goods to
ever : per rent. This Is largely duo
to that part of the duty which is lev
led ostensibly to compensate the manu
facturer for the enhanced cost of his
raw material due to the duty on wool.
As a matter of fact this compensatory
duly for numerous classes of goods Is
much In excess of the amount needed
for strict compensation-
"Although these duties do not In
crease prices of domestic goods by any
thing like their full amount, it is none
the ls true that such prohibitive
duties eliminate the possibility of for
eign competition, even in time of scarc
Itv: that they form a temptation to
monopoly and conspiracies to control
domestic pricee: that they are much In
excess of the difference In cost of pro
duction here and abroad, and that they
should be reduced to a point which ac
cord, with this principle.
"The endings of the board show that
In this Industry the actual manufactur
ing cost, aside from the question of the
price of material, la much Tiigher in
this country than abroad; that In the
snaking of yarn and cloth the domestic
woolea or worsted manufacturer bas
In general no advantage In the form
ef superior mschlnerv or more efficient
labor to offset the higher wagee paid
In this country- The findings show that
te cost of turning wool Into yarn In
this country Is about double that In the
leading competing countries and that
the cost of turning yarn into cloth Is
somewhat more than double. I'nder
the protective police a great Industry,
involving the welfare of hundreds of
thousands of people, has been estab
lished despite these handicaps.
ladaatrr ! lint reaalderatloaw
"In recommencing revision and re
du.llon. I therefore urge that action
be taken with these facts In mind, to
the en.l that an Independent and es
tablished InJustry may not be Jeop
ardised.' The report of the Board, which Mr.
Taft submits with the message, makea
no recommendations, but says that the
majority of the rates are prohibitory
and condemns the peaseoe system of
letting them. It would assess duty on
xrui'ne.l wool, not wool and grease
tomoinej. and suggests a graduated
of ad valorem rate on cloth.
Jo raw wool the Board finds the
present svstem of levying duty bad.
and the duties higher than the differ
ence la coet of production in the United
stales as compared with the cost
abroad. The method of levying duty Is
condemned because It charges for
grease as well as fer wool, and oper
ates ta keep out of this country the
hea T-shrinking woolens.
tin tops, from which yarn Is mad,
the present rate of duty la found pro
hibitory. It costs l per cent more In
the United States to convert tope Into
ysr than It does anywhere else.
On yarn, from which cloth la woven,
t'.-e present rate of duty la found to be
t
1 s ,,. '
.e
iit g)Vf
S. a- -KfJ-swa t
ABOVE tVII. I.I M BinXES, JK- I10
MtTIIH KT. UIO Will. t-iK A
HKI.T ALOOF FROM rOVKEREirEll
rtPtlU DIIIIATUH. BKI.Un,
II I I l I.OK1I. Jit.,
LA W AHL.
A.NOTHKH CAIIPAItiX DIRKCTOH, AND OTTO T.
prohibitory, because It keeps out all
except the finer grades.
Costs Higher la l otted States.
On cloth, the present rate of duty Is
pronounced prohibitory on heavy
weight, cheap and medium grade
cloths, principally because of the spe
clflo compensatory duty, which flies a
certain charge per pound before the
ad valorem rate begins. It costs 100
per cent more to make cloth from yarn
In the United States than It does In
Engiand and France. The present sys
tem of fixing the same ad valorem
rates of duty on different grades of
fabric Is condemned as unfair.
The board holds that a fair solution
would be the adoption of a graduated
scale under which the advalorem rate
would be properly assessed on goods
of low value, then increase progres
sively, according to slight Increments
of value, up to whatever maximum
rates should be fixed.
For purposes of computation the
board takes a suit of clothes retailing
at t:3 and wholesa'lng at $16 SO. This
Is said to represent fairly the suit of
clothue worn by the average American.
The farmer receives for the wool In
such a suit t:.!2. and his profit Is 8
cents; the manufacturer of cloth re
ceived for his product $178. and his
profit Is 2$ cents; the wholesale cloth
ing dealer receives for his product
$1 tl.50. and his profit is $2.18: the re-
II clothing dealer received I -3. and
his profit is $ 50.
Meriaes Are Moat Expensive.
Fvtracts from the report follow:
The result of the raw wool Investi
gation established the fact that it costs
more to arrow wool in the Lnited states
than In any other country; that the
merino wools required in such great
volume by our mrlls are the most ex
pensive of all wools produced: that the
highest average cost of production of
suth wool In the world Is In the state
of Ohio and contiguous territory, and
that the lowest average- cost on similar
wool Is in Australia.
"It Is not possible to state In exact
terms the actual cost of producing a
pound of wool considered by Itself, for
the simple resson that wool Is but one
of two products of the same operation.
"That in the western part of the
United States, where about two-thirds
of the sheep of the country are to be
found, fine and medium wools carry an
average charge of at least 11 cents per
pound. Interest not Included-
"That if account Is taken of the en
tire wool production of the country. In
cluding both One and coarse wools, the
average charge a clip Is about thi
cents per pound.
"That In South America the corres
ponding charge Is between 4 and S
cents per pound.
LatMtr Xot Ceaerwlly ffnaerier.
"The cost of manufacturing woolen
and worsted -ynrns and cloth In the
United States is much higher than In
Europe. The main cost of production
Is the cost of plant, material and labor.
The cost of erecting and equipping
both woolen and worsted mills is much
higher In tins country than In Eng
"The material Is Increased in price
by the duty on raw woois. The manu
facturer who Imports his wool must
pay the full amount of the duty. Woola
grown in tne I nited Mates are in
creased In valoe by the duty, but not
by the full extent of the duty. Wages
are much higher In the United States,
but wages are In themselves no tier.
essarv Indication of relative cost of
production. Frequently It is found that
high wages and low labor coats go
together.
"It appears that this particular In
dustry is one mhlrh the high elements
of costs in this country are not In
general offset by any particular ad
vantage or by any marked superiority
In the efficiency of labor. To a cer
tain extent European countries have
the advantage of us In this latter re
gard. "It may be said. then. that, taking
the Industry as a whole, the American
manufacturer practically has no ad
vantage In efficiency of labor and
equipment over hie foreign competi
tor n certain speclsl rases the larg
est and most efficient American -mills
are able, by skillful organisation, ma
terially to reduce the difference In
cost." t -
THE NEW EUPHONA S475.
"SS-r.ote player, fully warranted. What
is your old piano worth? We will take
It. Sherman. Clay Co, Morrison at
blxtb. Open evenings. (
Mills College, Near Oakland. Cal.
A woman's college: alt preparatory
courses dropped. Spring semester
oien January I . li:. Luella Clay
Carson. A. M. 1.1. P. president. lor
rataiouue auurce rtir'.strar. MUls Col
lege. . P.. California.
f S Per Month Kent.
A piano. Uhlekering. Kimball. Kohler.
Fisher and many other makea Kohler
Jt cr.ase, l'i Washington street.
LEADERS FOR TAFT
"Old Guard" in New York Ral
lies to Support.
PRESIDENT GOES SHOPPING
AutomobilisU Told of Opposition to
Opening National Treasury to
Kipcnslve System of
National Holds.
fContlnnsd From First Psge.
emphatically against the opening of
the National Treasury for the building
of great highways.
The President began 'at once to put
matters on a genial basis by expressing
wonder why be had been Invited to
the dinner, because, ha said, be bad
never belonged to the "carriage class."
It was only lately that he had ever
been temporarily affiliated with It.
"The accident of office and the gen
erosity of a Republican Congress," the
President remarked, with a broad smile,
gives me for a, time the pleasure of
travel by a new method: but there Is
no permanence of tenure. Therefore
I beg you to understand that I am here
merely In a temporary capacity aa an
automoblllst."
Aeto Is Peace Agency.
The President expressed his appre
ciation of the value of the automobile
In the development of friendly relations
between sections and even between na
tions. "I have tried to help you." he said,
"by getting the duty lowered Into
Canada. Once In a while I do some
thing that ought to make somebody
gratified."
Raising objectfona to the proposed
policy of the Federal Government en
tering extensively Into road-making
Mr. Taft said there was no doubt that
the Government has the. power, but he
added:
"I venture to question the wisdom
of opening the National Treasury for
money to use that way."
The state and the neighborhood act
ing as a unit were the proper sources
to look to for both the building and
the maintenance of proper highways,
he said. Once started on a scheme of
National roads, as well as . of water
ways development, there would be no
end to the expense likely to be de
manded by 48 states, each wanting Its
share, he said.
With a allver trowel, handed to him
by a blind woman. President Taft laid
the cornerstone this afternoon of the
first settlement house for the blind In
the world. A crowd of several thou
sand persons congested the street to
get a glimpse of the Presidential party
on the huge wooden platform, on the
site of the proposed building, and sev
eral hundred more looked down and
cheered from the housetops.
"My dearest hope Is that this struc
ture will be typical of the duties those
who have sight owe to those who have
not. to aid and succor them Jn their
difficult Journey through life." said
Mr. Taft.
DENEEN REPRIEVES FOUR
Murderers of Track Farmer Gain
New Lease of Life.
SPRINGFIELD. Ill, Pec. 10. Gov
ernor Deneen granted today a reprieve
until February If to the four convicted
slay-era of Fred W. Guezlow, J r the
truck farmer who was killed while re
turning to his home the night of Oc
tober 2 In the entsklrts of Chicago.
The four were to have been hanged
Friday, December 23.
Norwood's' Name Withdrawn.
OREKNIAN NEWS BUREAU. Wash
ington. Dec 20. (Special.! The Presi
dent haa withdrawn the nomination of
Jsmes A. Norwood as postmaster at
Redmond. Or, Norwpod having re
signed after being appointed. Repre
sentative Latterly haa not yet recom
mended a successor.
Penrose Thinks Rates Not Much Too
High Underwood Finds Justifl- "
cation for Passage of Bill
Vetoed by Taft.
WASHINGTON. Dec 20. Congress
will begin consideration of the tariff
legislation in the committees of the
two houses after the holiday recess,
though Democratic leaders of the
House say that no measure will be
ready to be reported for several weeks.
Republican Leader Penrose, of the
Senate, said the finance committee
would bgin Its work In advance of the
House, while Democratic Leader Un
derwood said the bill would not be
whipped Into final shape until Feb
ruary. The committee, he said, must decide
just what rates should be fixed, after
thoroughly comparing Its own data
with the facts submitted by the tariff
board In the report which President
Taft submitted to Congress today.
Senator Penrose said that he hoped
Republican Senators would be able to
formulate a bill to comply with the
tariff board's views.
BUI Mill Improve Situation.
"I am sure," Senator Penrose said,
"that we shall have a better bill than
the wool bilb passed at the extra ses
sion. The finance committee will tako
up the subject Immediately after the
holidays, but whether it will be possi
ble tu bring the Democratic House to
the acceptance of such a bill as we
might formulate I cannot undertake to
say. I believe the report of the tariff
board does not Indicate the present
wool duties are much too high."
Representative Underwood said the
President's message really pointed out
the necessity of a reduction in wool
rates and that be had no doubt the
House would carry out the sugges
tions made.
"The President. In his message," Mr.
Underwood said, "favors placing a spe
cific duty on scoured wool aa a basis
for Importation of raw wool instead
of placing a duty on raw wool and In
creasing the duty on scoured wool. If
the committee should adopt a specific
rate for raw wool, there might be
much in the President'a argument, but
I have no doubt the committee will ex
act an ad valorem instead of a specific
duty.
Underwood Finds Jnstlflcatloa.
"The President advocates an ad
valorem duty on manufactured wool.
In the bill passed this year the rates
were ad valorem. Based on import val
uations. In contradistinction to the
compound, specific and ad - valorem
rates now exacted in the Payne-Aldrlch
law. The President says the present
duties on wool and woolen manufac
tures In many instances are prohibi
tive. I have no doubt the waya and
means committee will agree with him
as to the necessity for the reduction.
The message clearly justifies the Dem
ocratic members In passing the wool
bill that the President vetoed."
Representative Dalxell. of Pennsyl
vania, Republican leader on the ways
and means committee, said the message
clearly showed why it is necessary to
have wool legislation other than that
proposed by the Democrats at the last
session of Congress.
"Progressive" Attitude Unchanged.
Senator Bristow, who took a promi
nent part in the combination of insur
gent Senators with the Democrats that
forced tariff reduction bills through
the Senate at the extra session, said
that If the President had signed the
La Follette wool bill last Summer he
would have corrected every abuse of
which he complained and have pre
served ample protective duties for every
American industry. The "progressive"
Republicans, he said, would support
the same tariff revision this session.
Senator Martin, of Virginia, Demo
cratic leader of the Senate, said he still
favored lower duties on wool, "some
thing like the Underwood bill."
Senator Warren, of Wyoming, an ex
tensive woolgrower. expressed himself
as fairly well satisfied with the board's
findings and the President's recommen
dations. Senator Lippitt. of Rhode Island,
successor to ex-Senator Aldrich, said
the report proved that duties on some
classes of fabrics "can well be reduced
without injury to the American industry."
CHAPERONAGE IS URGED
Advisers of "Co-Eds" Conclude Con
ference In Chicago.
CHICAGO, Dec. 20. Better medical
supervision In coeducational Institu
tions, training In the newer vocations
for women, self-government and closer
chaperonage of girls were urged In
resolutions adopted today at the close
of the fifth biennial conference of
deans and advisers of women In state
universities.
Among the officers elected were:
President, Miss Lucy Sprague. Univer
sity of California; secretary. Miss Isa
bella Austin, Washington State University.
33
33
33
Christmas Sentiment
expressed by a gift of stei'ling value is
more than ably represented by a selection
from our refined stock, where prominence
of quality stands unequaled.
DIAMONDS
and
WATCHES
of the highest grade only
and in a Feldenheimer
box are the proper gifts.
IN
GOLD and SILVER
NOVELTIES
there yet remains a splen
did variety of choice sug
gestions for suitable gifts.
Opticians
Diamond Importers Manufacturing Jewelers
283-285 Washington Street, Between Fourth and Fifth
STORE OPEN EVENINGS
REFORM PLAN NOW
Waterusers Get Together in
Chicago Convention.
KLAMATH FALLS MAN TALKS
BUY APLAYER.
$275 Player Piano, used but guaran
teed. Free music library. Kohler &
Chase. 375 "Washington street.
President Ady, of Oregon Organiza
tion Returns From East Unity
of Desire on Part of Various
Bodies Means Mnch Aid.
KLAMATH FALLS, Or., Dec. 0.
(Special.) President Abel Ady, of the
Klamath Waterusers' Association, has
Just returned to his home at Midland
from a trip to Chicago, whither he
went as delegate to the convention of
waterusers' associations, which conven
tion was brought about largely by his
efforts.
Mr. Ady is enthusiastic about the re
sults of the meeting, which he regards
aa aiming; for much that will benefit
the patrons of the Government's irri
gation projects, the fact that there is
a unity of desire among the various
associations for reforms being re
garded as auguring decidedly for the
success of the wanted reforms.
Among the things for which it is
Intended to make a concerted fight are
advance estimates of cost, as well as
plans and specifications of intended
work to be done by the reclamation
service; more drainage of lands under
projects where the failure to keep
lands sufficiently dry is an evil costly
to the homemaker, less red tape and
bureaucratic methods.
Organisation la Korsned.
At Chicago an organisation was
designed to be known as the Feder
ated Waterusers' Association and an
executive committee was appointed of
five members to draft a constitution
and bylaws, which are to be submitted
to the various waterusers associations
for ratification, the same to become
binding on all associations.
It is intended, if the landholders ap
prove the tentative plans in view by
the executive committee, to shortly
hold a convention of the Federated
Waterusers' Association at Salt Lake
City, at which a plan of campaign will
be decided on. memorials of what is
wanted will be drawn for submission
to Congress at Washington, and a dele
gation chosen to go to Washington and
work for the objects sought under the
memorials.
The executive committee consists of
Governor Sloan, of Arizona : Abel Ady,
of Midland and Klamath Falls; 8. A.
Nelson, of Shoshone. Idaho: R. F. Bur
gess of El Paso, Tex.; C. E. Farnham,
of Belle Fourche, S. D. At Chicago
delegates from 10 different waterusers'
associations were present, while com
mtmlcations received by the delegates,
gave assurances of co-operation of 11
other associations. It is proposed that
If 15 associations ratify the constitu
tion and bylaws, which are now being
printed for distribution among the
landholders for their perusal, the con
vention will be called.
Reforms Are Favored.
As the waterusers are, 'as a rule,
men of but moderate means, it is
argued that any unnecessary expense
In reclamation by the Government
makes more than the usual hardship
for them. But the waterusers in the
Klamath Association, who represent
about 60,004 acres of land, are strongly
In favor of reforms and In favor of any
reasonable expense to obtain them.
"In many projects the increased cost
over the original estimate has boon so
great that It appears - impossible for
settlers to meet the payments and sup
port their families from the land," said
Mr. Ady, speaking of the Chicago con
vention. "The demand for information
relative to the plans and policy of the
proposed work and for itemized state
ments of moneys spent, seems to have
been agitating the people of ,very
project.
"Practically the only landowners
especially feeling the burden of cost
and meeting the payments thereof are
those paying construction charges on
lands producing no crops because ot
the lack of drainage. However, In cer
tain other projects, because of higher
cost than that of the Klamath project
and because of various other climatic
conditions, inability to meet the pay
ments without serious burden seems
universal. One of our main conten
tions Is that adequate drainage ditches
should be constructed simultaneously
with the irrigation ditches."
structlon department to proceed with
the erection of additional heavy cop
per wires between all Important points
on the system of the company for the
purpose of extending the telephonic
use of the same to the Independent
telephone companies.
Postal to String Heavy Wires.
NEW TORK, Dec 20. (Special.)
Minor M. Davis, who was recently ap
pointed superintendent of telephones
of the Postal Telegraph Cable Com
pany announced today that his com
pany has Issued Instructions to its con-
$275 Player Piano
We're selling Player Pianos at
the rate of eight to ten a day.
There's a reason, too, for such
large sales, the prices are right,
the terms are right, and the
Player Pianos are right.
Free Music Library Included
with every Player Piano. Auto
pianos rented. $6 per month.
KOHLER A CHASB
875 Waahlngtosi St.
Open EvealBKi
PRINTING
Baling, Binding and Blank Book Mskug.
Fhoaee Uaia 8201. A S2SL
Portland Printing House Co.
J. Ia. Wrtrtit, Pre, and Oca. Mftntvcer.
Book, Catalogue and CtamerclaL
Tenth and Tartar St., Portland, Oregon.
Gill's Gift Certificates
Solve the Problem
Issued in Any Amount. Good in Any Department
THE J. K. GILL CO.
Books, Office Supplies and Furniture
3d and Alder 3d and Alder
Ever Hear of Mendota Coal?
HIS Isn't an ad for that coal. I mention It only to
cite an instance where small space in the
newspapers produced wonderful results. I had
a lot to do with that campaign. I wrote 15
different advertisements for that coaL A new
one every day. And the campaign paid, and
paid big. Let me take bold of a campaign for
you. If you have something to sell to Portland
people. 300 a month wilt start you In good
shape. Extra profits will take care of the cost.
501YeonBld
Telephone
AdvertisingService
OLD VIRGINIA
ANTIQUE FURNITURE CO
131-133 TENTH STREET, NEAR ALDER
Are selling their entire stock of rare and valuable
Antiques, comprising Colonial, Chippendale, Adams,
Sheraton, Hepplewhite and Dutch Marquetry Fur
niture, superb Vases, rare old China, Sheffield Plate,
Brasses, Mirrors, Clocks, Paintings, etc.
INSTRUCTIONS FROM HEADOUARTERS ARE THAT
EVERY ARTICLE MUST BE SOLD AT ONCE,
ABSOLUTELY REGARDLESS OF COST