TIIE MORXIXO OREGOXIAN, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 1911.
10
(DiTirnmnn
ronruvn, omco.
; CIrlCT LATIOX gTATEMKJIT.
During the month r.f October. 111.
, th avaraste circulation of The Ore
t gonlan was:
' Are-rase 4ay Clrelatkm-...fi5.470
i jiTfrift Daily Clrewlatlosi 52.695
! County of M-iltnomah. lt
Plat of Ur"n. I ...... i
This la to certify that th actual elr
! t-ulatlon of Th Ore-onlan for tne
' month of October wa. as above let
forth- E. P. HOPWOOD.
.' ,orln- circulation Manager.
! Subscribed anl sworn to before ma
jthla r.t da, l
'skax.) .Notary Public
The above circulation waa distributed
..fallow.: D(r ,..y.
(Oregon 43.11T j?,1
.Washington 7-010 .1
I Ail other states . . a.SBM 3.x5
Total..
65.470
Entered at Portland, Oron Poatoffic aa
' Fe.:ond-c:aae Matter. . . , .,.,
tutwipuoi Kates Inrartably la Advance.
(BT MAlI-
' Pi?y. Handae tnrluded. mm Tr.
' ti:y Sunday Included, ala month....
tally. Sunday included, tnr month.. ;
' X..r. Sunday included, on raonta....
1 1 i y. without runda. ona year . J-'
i sl . w.thout r-unday. I month! -;
1-ally. without bunilay. tnr months...
lally. wltnout Sunday, e&a moota.
A ee k I y ona year . t-
Sunday, an year
ualay aad Weekly, on year.... "
, IBT C.RBlia.)
Patrr. Sunday Included, on yew JJ
Xl.y. Sunday Included, on month. .... 'J
Ilea, temll ofld Puatofttca money
cder. npr order or personal cheek
year local tank. Stamp, cola or currency
1 ara ai in senders riaa. OI postofflc
I ad dree la fill. Inciudin. county and aial.
I-oataa Rataa 10 to 14 pasee. 1 cant: IS
to J P'fea. 2 cents; SO to 4u pa. canta;
40 to ki paa-aa. 4 casta. Fore.- poaia-
aoubie rata . .
i xnslara Boeloe-e Offices VaTT at Cons
' tin .New Tor. Hronaalca kuUdiaa. Ckl-
crt. steles bulMlna.
I tarmii ofac .No. Resent elraaC B.
W. u4aa
rtiRTUxn. uMn.iT. sot. i. itu.
i , THE TAWXIxn Ml AT tTOLLMiK.
i From tho number of the Oregon
i Emerald for October 28 we learn to
- our consternation that "cajnpua feel
ln has been at white beat durtna; the
. past week" at Eugene, the seat of the
' Ftate University. The cause of tola
1 emotional Incandescence appear to
be an offense of & rather serious na
. ture committed by a member of the
facility. Who the audacious culprit
may be one cannot g-uesa. since the
Emerald charitably suppreaMe his
i name, but hla misdeed Is held up to
public reprobation without pity. lie
'poated a prominent football man for
deficiencies tn his work and kept him
out of two games, one of which." alas,
"needed hla services) badly." The
work In which this "prominent" per
sonage waa deficient waa that com
paratively trifling- portion of his du
ties which g-oes by the name of study.
To his really Important obligations,
such a. football and college society
functions, we understand that this
eminent dignitary was unflinchingly
faithful. What a scandal that one of
his professors should have punished
him merely for neglecting his books.
Had he shirked football practice or
violated the training rules, there
Troul'i have been some decent excuse
f.r severity, but to disgrace a man
because he makes bad recitations
what are our colleges coming toT
Nest thing we hear faculties 1H be
forcing football heroes to forego train
ing altogether.
We have gleaned this shocking tale
from an editorial article In the Emer
ald and It la followed by some com
ments which have set us thinking.
The writer goes on to remark porten
tously that "this Is the third time In
two years that this has happened."
with a plain Implication that if It con
tinues to happen some professor must
expect to be disciplined. "Such things
do not promote harmony and co-oper-atlon
between faculty and students."
we are warned: "they only widen the
gulf which Is already difficult to span
In many caee."
We wonder what has caused this
terrible gulf to yawn between students
and their teachers tn the colleges and
why It la so difficult to "span." The
thought obtrudes Itxelf Insistently that
It Is because the colleges have per
mitted two antagonistic Interests to
develop side by side. One Interest 1.
that of the students' Intellectual cul
tivation. The other Is their sports.
We do not say that they are neces
sarily antagonistic, but practice has
taade them so. When sport, or play
11. It ought to he called. Is kept where
it belong. It brightens the student's
mind and wholesomely regales his
-Oexly. Hut when It la made a busi
ness, as It Is tn many collcgea. It
iurpa the place which study ought
4o occupy. Instead of wholesome di
version, sport becomes an exhausting
vecuptlon. The student looks upon
It as the all-Important object of his
x-ollege life. Study or anything else
hleh Interfere with this business Is
.n Impertinent Intruder and the fac
Vilty. who are forever Insisting upon
J he duty to study, become the stu
lent'a foes Instead of his guides, phi
losophers and friends. It is the an
tagonism between the business of
ttudy and the business of sport which
y made the g'J'.f yawn mVilch the
J.meraM believes It will be so difficult
3 bridge. If the profe-wors keep on
fnstlng delinquents who are needed In
football games.
- Our college editor makes no bones
about expressing his warnings clearly
and vigorously. The faculty, he ex
plains, "says that the students are
jt o young to know their own good."
,tn the other har.d. "the students say
.the faculty are an Impractical people
who have never had thler roses out
ride of books and are Incapable of
Judging what a young man has to
contend with out In the practical
Srortd." Then ccmee a declaration of
jrpen ho::!ltls: "So long as either
ride Insists on forcing Its view upon
he other, to the exclusion of the
ether's view, war will ex'-t and co
operation and harmony will be rele
arated to the back yard."
, Certainly when students are permit
ted to publish opinions of this sort
.bout the authority ef their teachers,
there can be no complaint that dis
cipline at the State University is
tyrannical. It la a goo-! old American
doctrine that teachers both In school
and college tnd In loco parentis, to
borrow a barbarism from the abun
dance of the lawyers. ar.d that their
authority over the youth placed under
their care la pretty nearly absolute,
at least In the particulars if morals
and study. This dovtrlne has been
tested la the courts many times by
rebellious youngsters of either sex.
and the Emerald would have some
trouble to find an Instance where It ;
ISas not been sustained. Not only Is j
It, good law. but It la sound sense as
rll. Wnea boys and girls are per- J
mltted to lay down the law. of con
duct for themselves, they are only too
likely to exalt play Into an all-absorbing
duty and shunt work "Into the
back yard." Just as the young people
at .Eugene seem to desire. If one may
judge by the language of their col
lege paper.
The professor, whoever he may be,
who has had the courage to take the
bull by the horns and actually exclude
from games a Inry football magnate
no doubt knows that he has taken his
life In his hands. The atudenta can
worry him to a skeleton by their
pranks, and if his colleagues stand by
him loyallv exceptional Indeed will be
his lot. The pica that he ought to
have warned the football man before
punishing him Is infantile, fny stu
dent who knows enough to go to
college understands perfectly well
whether he is doing honest work tn
his studies or not He does not need
to be told by his teachers that he Is
neglecting his books. His own con
science, if he has one, la all the men
tor he needs. As a rule a student
knows as well as his teachers what
kind of work he Is doing, and In the
rare cases when merited punishment
falls upon his head it Is babyish for
him to complain that he had no
warning.
THE U.W SOT TO MAMS.
The Albany Herald declares that
the "illicit sale of Intoxicants com
monly called t)llnd-plgglng has
reached a malignant stage" there,
though the town haa been In the dry
column for a number of years. The
Herald declares that the arrests for
Inebriety outnumber those, for all
other causes combined and are "far
In excess of those for the same cause
when the licensed saloon waa in
vogue." The prohibitionists are said
to have rested after they voted the
county dry and to have left the law
to enforce Itself. Continues the
Herald:
Hut th "Mind pig" I her and ha at
tained decrae of thrift whlrti damnd
irly attnil"n or a:aa th return of tha
aoloin. which umler rl.ld regulation could
b little If n wor than tha peasant con
dition. Tha baat that can b ald of th
alooa buflnfn la that it l an avlL It can
not ba defended on any mort! ground othae
lhn that It may b re.ulated. Tha "blind
pis." becau of Ita mlseatory habit, la
here and thsr and alaewhara, almost beyond
th rerh of th law th greater portion of
th tlma.
Linn Is a dry county: but Albany la
a wet town. That is the source of the
whole trouble. If the people of Al
bany really want the law enforced
the sale of liquor suppressed the sa
loon, the blind pig and the speakeasy
eradicated they ought to elect offi
cers who will do their duty.
There is no city or town or com
munity In Oregon where under pres
ent law there may not be prohibition
If it really wants prohibition. The
laws are ample, specific and suin
clent: but the law officers are lax or
indifferent or collusive. For there la
no rigid public sentiment behind them
requiring them to do their duty and
accepting no excuses or evasions for
their failure or neglect to do It.
There Is plenty of law In Oregon
against the blind pig and the saloon.
The remedy Is not more law, but more
Law enforcement.
aOClETT AJTD aOUTVDF.
The Wasco County sheepherder
who murdered his mother at the
conclusion of a drunken debauch
could not have been entirely sane. The
poor woman waa urging her son to
forsake hla evil ways. He flew Into
a fit of rage and stabbed her before
the spectators could seize him. No
doubt drink had dissipated the feeble
remnants of his- wit which years of
aheepherdlng had not already de
stroyed. That occupation Is said to
lead to insanity in almost every case if
It Is persistently followed. The solitude
exerts a baneful effect upon the Im
agination. Alone for week after week
in the mountain desolations with only
the "silly sheep" to exercise his at
tention, the herder often becomes sub
ject to delusions. Hla mind creates
figments of terror. The sense of real
ity Is lost and Incurable Insanity fol
lows. That a herder should plunge
Into debauchery when he returns to
town after a long sojourn in forsaken
solitudes is perfectly natural. Cow
boys were said to do the same In the
days of their glory, but we do not
read of any cowboys losing their
minds.
The fact that they worked in com
panies aeema to have been their pro
tection. No matter how far from civ
ilization the ranch might be, there
waa always a band of men employed
who, could spend their nights In the
same house and cultivate sociability
after the day's work waa done. Hu
man beings are very dependent upon
company. A man who dwells In soli
tude may retain vestiges of his finer
nature, but the chances are that he
will lose all of it trait by trait and
degenerate into a brute as well as a
maniac Robinson Crusoe must have
had a remarkably strong Intelligence
at the outset or he would have lost It
in his long sojourn on his lonely
Island. Do Foe showed keen appre
ciation of this danger when he Intro
duced the Man Friday Into the story.
A great story teller must be a great
psychologist.
The nature of man Is such that he
must live with his fellowa tn order to
be healthy in body and mind. Our
social aide Is a profound reality and
wise legislators never neglect It. Laws
which try to deal with each Individual
as if he had the whole world to him
self seldom prove capable of enforce
ment and when they can bo enforced
they Invariably do harm.
TUX SHORT BALIXT ASSEMBLY.
"The Government should be a
democracy, but the party should be
art autocracy." We have heretofore
quoted this statement from the book
called "Short Ballot Principles." of
which Richard S. Chllds is the author.
Mr. Chl'.ds Is secretary of the Short
I.allot Organization, of which Wood
row Wilson, of New Jersey. Is Presi
dent and W. S. Ul'.pn. of Oregon, a
vice-president. The book is presented
by the publishers mith a rrtnted an
nouncement that it is a statement of
the principles of the Short Ballot
Organ liatlon.
In following up Mr. Chllds trend
of thought on autocracy of parties, we
are both surprised and shocked to'dls
cover that he proposes as a means of
making parties autocratic the forma
tion of what. In Oregon, would be
termed a wicked, boss-controlled as
sembly. Here Is his plan for autoc
racy in a "progressive party":
Snrpo a group of th leader who hy
parfact mutual confMane form thmalve
Into "Th FrocrelN a Committer." They
mB-ra lhal thetr tnemt'erahlp In that eom
mitte shall ba unuaalsah'.c They fill by
appointment ail laoanele In their own
number h mT occur by death or ralr.a
llon. When Concraa!onl election p
pmacb they meet and draw" up th prorraa
at p'atferwi t th year, detailing thoee
laslf proBoaa watca taey beilev
should b enacted by th ont Congreaa,
. . . Th Prograealv Committee, after
du examination ot condition and can 41
datea tn the rarloas district. Uiuti Ita en
dorsement to one man tn each tcalllns a
new man into the field If neceaaary). aaylng
to the people: "Thta man In your district
ha eubarrlbed to the pro;reale platform;
w belter him clneer and capabi; w hop
you wlU lect him."
Practically the only difference we
are able to discover between Mr.
Childs' proposed committee and the
late, lamented assembly is that Mr.
Chllds' committee Is to be self-constituted
in lis entirety. The Oregon as
sembly was self-constituted in part
and elected In part. It adopted a
platform. Indorsed certain aspirants
for office and said to the people,
"These candidates have subscribed to
the assembly platform; we believe
them sincere and capable; we hope
you will elect them."
Mr. Chllds' plan did not work out
well in Oregon. He shows how mis
taken he is In the temper of the peo
ple, at least those In Oregon, when he
says that the voters who believe in
the principles enunciated by the com
mittee "would be glad to find in the
field a candidate who represented
them accurately, and would have no
reason to worry about the procedure
that brought him there."
In Oregon the Republican voters
did not object seriously to the princi
ples Indorsed by the assembly; they
did not could not find fault with
the character of the men Indorsed.
They objected to the procedure that
put them In the field. To the voters
It savored of return to boss rule and
convention system, which they be
lieved they had rid themselves of
when they adopted the direct pri
mary law.
How about Mr. T7Ren? He Is vice
president of the Short Ballot Organi
zation, and autocracy of parties is
presented to us as one of the princi
ples of the organization. Does Mr.
ITRen believe that the party should
be an autocracy? Has our Oregon
City lawgiver become an assemblylte?
And how about Governor Wllaon?
Can ho forswear the principles of the
organization of which he is president?
Can he come before the voters of Ore
gon in the Presidential primaries next
April and consistently put forth the
.hole of that effective and resounding
ballot slogan: "Anti-assembly, and be
liever in Statement No. 1. the Initia
tive, referendum and recall?"
WHAT PrxrilOTlSM DOES.
No one need be greatly disturbed by
any suggestion that The Oregonlan
has become "Pinchotlzed" because it
haa approved the Taft-Flsher policy
of opening up Alaska. The Oregonlan
has declared repeRtedly that It Is for
any rational plan that will develop
Alaska or permit the opening up to
settlement and civilization of the vast
area of public lands belonging to the
United States. That is true conser
vation. It is not Plnchotism, which
would dedicate the forests to the
primeval wilderness and the sagebrush
plains to the coyote and the prairie
dog.
I'lnchotlsm has branded as crimi
nals and lawbreakers men who have
in good faith sought to create indus
tries and found communities. It has
paralysed Alaska. It has driven the
bona fide homesteader from forest re
serves that never should have been
created. It has usurped tho power of
the states and taken control of water
power sites over which It had no legit
imate authority. It has sustained In
practlcul Idleness a vast army of use
less employes, and haa educated other
employes In private institutions at
public expense. It has stayed the
march of progress, put its stifling
hand over the entire Went, and set
back the development of Alaska many
years.
President Tuft and Secretary Fisher
are going ahead sanely and intelli
gently to work out problems that
Plnchotism merely confuses, compli
cates) and abandons. Are they Pin
chotlzed? Hardly. They are doing
what from the first they declared they
would do, and what Plnchot falsely ac
cused the President of refusing to do.
EIXCTIONS A rOUTiCAL STRAWS.
Interest in the elections of this
month attaches more to their value
as straws showing which way the po
litico wind blows for 1912 than to
their inherent Importance. Only six
state, elect Governors, Including New
Mexico, and btjt two elect Leglsla
turea. The most significant- of these
contests will be in Massachusetts and
Rhode Island, manufacturing states
where the tariff Is a vital issue; Mary
land and Kentucky, border states
which have wavered between the two
parties in recent years; New York,
where part of the Legislature la to
be elected; New Jersey, where Gov
ernor Wilson's progressive Democ
racy will contest with party machines
for control of the Legislature and
and where a vacancy in Congress is
to be filled; In one Congressional dis
trict each in Pennsylvania, Kansas,
Nebraska and Tennessee, where va
cancies are also to be filled.
- The extent to which President
Taffs fight for tariff revision by
schedules on the basis of Tariff Board
reports has caused a recession of the
Democratic tidal wave which fol
lowed the passage of the Payne-AJ-drich
tariff may be indicated by the
results in Massachusetts and Rhode
Island. Republican chance, are pro
nounced good of defeating Governor
Koss In Massachusetts and of electing
a Legislature which will sond Crane
back to the Senate. The result in
Rhode Island, where the Republicans
elected the Governor lost year by a
very narrow majority.. Is uncertain.
The same tickets are In the field and
the Democrats predict victory by 8500
majority, a greater claim than the
Republicans have ever mode. Should
these two states go Republican, the
fact will go far to prove that the tide
of Democracy is on the wane and
President's Talt chances of renomlna
tlon and election will be greatly
strengthened.
A split in the Democratic ranks in
Maryland, due to the nomination of
Arthur Pue Gorman for Senator, gives
the Republicans a fighting chance in
that state. The battle In Nebraska
rages around the recall of the Judi
ciary and may have an effect on the
policy on that subject which will find
place in the National platforms.
As bearing on the Democratic nomi
nation for President, the New Jersey
contest Is the most interesting. If
Governor Wilson's progressive Democ
racy should carry the Legislature, he
will remain tn the front rank of Pres
idential candidates. If he should suf
fer a setback, doubt whether he could
carry his own state In 1912 would
materially injure his prospects.
Any attempt to draw an analogy
between the elections of 1S1 and
those of 1911 is rather strained. In
the former year the Republlcana, who
had suffered defeat In 1890 aa a coo-
sequence of the McKlnley tariff, "were
sUU standing pat; in 1911 all except
a reactionary remnant are ready for
real revision downward and have had
an opportunity to prove It, while the
Democrats have lost ground through
their bungling attempts at revision
during the extra session. In 1891
the Populist party was rising as a
menace to a united Republican party;
In 1911 there Is no Populist party, but
the Republicans are divided. .The
ground lost by the Republicans in
1910 Is apparently much less than in
1890 and the President's progressive
policy has done much to regain It.
Extraordinary prudence was dis
closed In the cose of a young man and
maiden of Seattle who five years ago
had set their wedding day and pro
cured a license to be married. An un
expected load of Improvement assess
ments was lodged against the young
man's realty holdings in that city,
whereupon, taking counsel together,
the pair determined to postpone their
wedding until they could start out on
their joint way unincumbered by debt.
The license was thereupon deposited
in the bottom of the young man's
trunk for future use. The patient
twain went to work and but yester
day the last obligation was discharged
and they were married serene In the
knowledge that they would be able to
maintain a home and discharge any
accruing obligation to posterity "with
out being burdened with debt. The
sequel will doubtless reward the pru
dence and patience of the pair. ,
Raw owl and wild grapes compose
something truly novel In the way of
diet We hope the California boy who
was forced to live upon It for a day
or two had good teeth and a strong
stomach. Even when cooked the flesh
of the owl Is not relished by epicures.
"Tough as a biled owl" Is about the
last aspersion one can cast upon a
beefsteak. John tho Baptist ato lo
custs and wild honey as a regular
diet. We think we should prefer lo
custs to owl and wild honey certainly
Is more delectable than wild grapes.
But the boy ought to he thankful for
his mercies. If he had been up a tree
In Oregon he might have caught an
owl. but he couldn't have found any
grapes.
It Is true, as Dr. Purtngton said at
the National W. C. T. U. Convention,
that as much core should be given to
the breeding of children as to that of
horses and hens, but how would she
go about It? Horses and hens allow
man to choose their mates for them,
but men and women insist on choosing
their own mates. If any government
attempted to pair off men and women
for breeding purposes, as horses or
poultry are paired off, it would last no
longer than the average French cabi
net. MeJi and women persist In pair
ing off according to the dictates of
their affections, wtlhout regard to the
quality of their offspring.
The young Emperor of China 1.
eating humble pie with a vengeance.
The slices ore wide and thick, but if
he can digest them they will do him
good. Being caught young, he can
perhaps be made over Into a consti
tutional monarch without fatal conse
quences to himself. If he cannot, the
Celestials seem disposed to try to get
along without hlra. In these days a
monarch barely escapes being ridicu
lous when he Is old and wise. If he
happens to be a boy he does not es
cape unless, like Alphonso, he betakes
himself frankly to play.
The Adventists at Washington who
deplore the "widespread apostasy" of
their fellow Protestants, do not make
their indictment specific They speak
vaguely of "principles of truth" which
have been forsaken, but do not state
what they are. We dare say that most
churchmen of all denominations be
lieve fully as much truth as they ever
did. Their fault does not consist so
much In abandoning old truth, as in
rejecting new ones.
There are only about 1,000.000 peo
ple in Tripoli's 400,000 square miles
of territory, but Italy seems to think
even that Is too many and Is thin
ning out the population by the meth
ods sanctioned by ancient Turkish
practice. -
If Nils Florman should, after all,
win the girl who rejected him be
cause she thought his blood not blue
enough nor his purse long enough, he
will not have won much.
If Speaker Clark had been offered
that private dining-room In the Capi
tol the year after Instead of the year
before the Presidential election, he
might have accepted It.
Action of the United States Court
on the scheme for reorganization of
the tobacco trust will indicate wheth
er the trusts are really to be dissolved
or are only to change their form.
Private furnaces, it seems, must not
be used to cremate garbage, yet there
Is much rubbish In almost every home
that by right should be burned on the
premises. "
Child-breeding, declare the women
in convention at Milwaukee, is as Im
portant as chlcken-ralslng. Cluckl
cluck! This is almost revolutionary.
The President was tired at Chicago
and anxious to get home. Just like any
man would be. That was all. A fat
man cannot be pesslmlstio.
The month just ended was the dry
est in sixteen years. Thia should give
hope to Brother Amos and his faithful
c o- workers.
Absolute control of transportation
by the Interstate Commerce Commis
sion is a step toward Government
ownership.
If socialists carry Los Angeles there
will be little surprise. That city has
had almost all other kinds of "bug."
The Governor has eliminated the
militia from the State Naval Board
and made it strictly amphibious.
Thirty dollar, a head for yearlings
In Eastern Oregon In the Fall la the
latest In bunchgrass aviation.
The great benefit of an all-night
service will appeal to the arrival, on
belated trains.
Arabs and Chinese do not appear
to fear death, by the way they face
the guns;.
There was great vuta of good pie
material last night.
MR. FISHER'S ALASKA POLICY.
A clean-cut plan for the development
and government of Alaska Is set forth
In detail In the address of Secretary
Fisher at the American Mining Con
gress, of which the full text has Just
been received by The Oregonlan. With
the courage of an unprejud'eed Inves
tigation he develops the strong and
weak points of the schemes of the var
ious Interests and from them all gath
ers the parts which go to make up a
consistent policy, designed to carry out
the good purposes of all these inter
ests and to prevent the sacrifice of the
public Interest while offering every en
couragement to enterprise.
Mr. Fisher proposes that all coal
land to which valid claims have not
been established under present law be
leased to mining operators; that cer
tain tracts be reserved for development
of mines to supply the Navy and as a
check on any evil tendencies of private
operators; that the Government buy
the Alaska Central Rallroal, which has
been built for 70 miles, and extend it
to the Matanuska coal field and thence'
to the Tanana and Yukon Valleys;
that this road be either operated di
rectly by the Government or leased to
an operating company; that Alaska be
given some territorial form of gov
ernment. On the authority of tne best geolo
gists and mining engineers he pro
nounces the Matanuska coal Meld larger
and superior to that on Bering River.
Both fields contain anthracite and high
grade bituminous coal and are the only
known fields In Alaska of such char
acter, though there are great quantl
tltles of lignite and low-grade bitu
minous coal In Alaska. The Bering
River field has been crushed and con
torted by upheavals, so that most of It
Is good only for coking, or briquettes,
and operation there would be risky and
expensive. Hence, he turns to Mat
anuska as the best field for the Govern
ment coal mine.
Mr. Fisher decides In favor of leasing
only after considering the merits and
emerlts of the alternatives outright
sale of coal land to Individuals or
Government ownership and operation
of coal mines. He finds effective reg
ulation under private ownership diffi
cult, even if not Impossible. He op
poses direct Government operation, be
cause It Is not a function of govern
ment, as an Invasion of the field of
private enterprise and as involving
such general and uncompromising op
position as would tie up the Alaska coal
fields until the controversy was fought
out.
The leasing system he finds free from
the controversies and difficulties of both
extremes of public and private owner
ship. L--er leases from private own
ers 84 per cent of the coal output was
mined and 80 per cent of the coal land
was operated In the United States In
1909. The leasing system Is In oper
ation with signal success In Australia,
New Zealand, Nova Scotia and Yukon
territory, also both Colorado and
Wyoming state land. If the land were
to be sold outright. It would probably
be leased by the purchaser after the
price of the land had been enhanced by
several soles, all to the detriment of
the coal consumer. The advantages
of leasing are summed up in the fol
lowing words:
That th consumor has everything to gain
under the Governmental leasehold must be
apparent, for the Government can make Ita
royaltlee aa little aa it chooaea and it ha
no Inveated capital and no unearned incre
ment on which to pay returns. Opposition
la to be expected only from those who wish
to aecure our coal land for stock Jobbing
or pcuiatlv purpose or ao that they may
make a greater profit than la eaaenttal to
aecure Immediate development. Indeed,
Immediate development can be assured only
under the leasehold' aystm. without It there
la no reaeon why private Indlvdul ahould
not secure th property and hold It out of
devolopment until they can taJc advantag
of the Increaalng demanda ot the future.
The leastng ayatcm can ba given much of
the flexibility nceaaary for meeting auto
matically th fluctuating demanda of th
market.
He would accomplish this last end
by restricting the coal area leased to
the development of the market. The
terms of the lease could be made to
meet the legitimate demands of the
prospector, the Investor, the operator,
safeguard the health and life of the
mine worker and the property of the
Government, to the end that the pub-
llo may seoure an adequate supply of
fuel at the lowest cost consistent with
these conditions.
e e e
As to the arguments of thoee who are
unalterably opposed to leasing and who
predict that Congress will not author
ise It and that. If it should, no person
will lease the land, be says that "Con
gress Is far more likely to pass a
rational leasing measure than It Is to
throw the coal fields of Alaska open for
unrestricted private exploitation." He
also, cites the emphatic Indorsement of
the system by coal operators In Aus
tralia, Its success already mentioned
and its approval by prominent coal
operators in Pennsylvania, oil produc
ers In California and by the Philadel
phia section of the Mining and Metallur
gical Society of America. He was also
surprised to receive from the Chambea
of Commerce of Cordova, Alaska, a
statement withdrawing opposition to
leasing and suggesting certain con
ditions for leasing.
e
The objection that the leases might
fall into the hands of the railroad com
panies Is met by the statement that
the Copper River Railroad Company
Is prepared to accept the principle that
railroads shall not be directly or In
directly Interested in the cool business.
Mr. Fisher", opinion of the terms on
which coal land should be leased Is
given in the following paragraph:
Tho prim requisite of a leasing system
axe that only sufficient coal land ahould
be leased to meet the existing market and
encourage Its development: that the quan
tity leased to any one lessee ahould be lim
ited to the amount that can be profitably
mined as a unit and yet be large enough to
attrect lnvators; that the lessee shall pay
his royalty a he mlnea his coal; that thia
hall annually amount to at lfteat a fixed
minimum which will make it unprofitable
for him to bold the land without produc
tion; that he ahall mine hla coal without
unnecessary waste and with due regard to
the health and safety of his employes; that
b shall not ncac diractly or lndlrctly in
any comblnatlona, agreement, or under
standings to oontrol the price of coal, and
that the rerenuea derived by the Govern
ment ahall not be used as a source of Fed
eral revenue or a a substitute for taxation,
but ahall b dvotd to the development of
the atat or territory in which th coal Is
mind.
Candidate Deal 1st Toothpicks.
Carlisle, Pa, cor. Chicago Inter-Ocean.
In his primary expense account,
which ha. ju.t been filed. Joalah W.
Kline, who was unopposed for the Re
publican nomination for Clerk of Courts
of Cumberland County, specified that
he expended 157.50 for toothpicks dur
ing the primary campaign. Kline ad
vertised hi. candidacy thoroughly with
toothpicks, and, although be had no
opposition, expended a total of 8168.99
to obtain the nomination.
GRAPHIC, accounts of the extraor
dinary powers of memory posessed
by the well-known English literary
man, John Churton Collins, and inter
esting ylews concerning his rugged
personality are met with In the new
biography of the writer mentioned, at
the hands of his son: The reader is
also amused at the account given of a
very human side of Swinburne, the
poet.
The London critics of Collins' time
considered him to have powers of
memory similar to those possessed by
the great Macaulay. "Collins must
have known most of Shakespeare by
heart," says one story, "and not only
poetry but prose was prisoner In that
retentive brain after a single reading.
He could reel off 15 pages of Napier
without a mistake, and years after
Swinburne had scattered his torn frag
ments over three columns of a Journal,
the victim would recite with glee the
whole attack." Collins had to contend
against poverty, overwork, disappoint
ment, and recurrent fits of melancholy.
He was passionately Interested In
criminology and spiritism; to an ex
tent, Clement K. Shorter believes, that
reacted seriously on his health. It Is
well enough, says Mr. Shorter, for men
of good nerves and good muscle like
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Max Pem
berton to sit around a table and dis
cuss grisly murder, but Collins' was a
different temperament and constitu
tion. The relations between Churton Col
lins and Swinburne were most original.
The two men were close friends till
Churton Collins, wishing to show an
other author how to take a thrashing,
pointed out that he himself, by a
printed attack, having thrashed Swin
burne, had retained his friendship. So
he had; but only because Swinburne
was unaware that he had. been
thrashed. When he heard of the oc
currence the friendship was broken
abruptly; and years afterwards Swin
burne checkmated an attempt to heal
the breach by exaggerating his deaf
ness when Churton Collins came to
dinner. But the friendship, while It
lasted, was genuine. Swinburne writes
of
the rather dull monotonous puppet-show
ot my life which often strikes me as too
barren of action or enjoyment to be worth
holding onto. ... I don't know myself
any pleasure physical or spiritual (except
what comes of the eea) comparable to that
which comes of verse In ita hljher moods.
. . . But It is odd how a book once pub
lished goes out of my heat drops, aa it
were, out of one's life or thought, not to be
taken up again for many daya.
Swinburne consults Collins about
his poems, praises his writings, and
tells him how, wanting "something big
to do or at least attempt," he had
"always thought of and recoiled from
and put by" an historic tragedy on
Caesar Borgia, "magnificent but un
manageable," the catastrophe "about
the most moral thing I ever read In
history," but the handling of It mak
ing hlra "conscious of something like
the sentiment called funk,"
e
The arranging of "Pickwick" for the
French stage, under the title "Lea
Aventures de M. Pickwick," it Is con
sidered, would have been highly grati
fying to Dickens, who did not have
much confidence in the potency of the
book to charm Frenchmen. The
Sphere recalls that when on on occa
sion Dickens was traveling abroad he
found a French admirer who was read
ing the novel. "If I had one of my
other works with me," Dickens wrote
to Forster, "I would have given it to
him, as I am afraid he would make
nothing whatever of 'Pickwick.' "
e e
"The Dairy of Gideon Wells," la
promised this week.
A collection of poems dealing with
the liberation of Italy under the title,
"English Songs of Italian Freedom."
is a new book of note. .
The University of Chicago press will
publish "Heredity and Eugenics," edit
ed by John M. Coulter. This book
will consist of a series of public lec
tures given during the first term of
the Summer quarter, 1911, at the Uni
versity of Chicago. The lectures were
given partly by members of the uni
versity faculty and partly, by investi
gators from other Institutions. The
purpose of the volume is to present
an account of Important and Interest
ing movements In biology. The same
press also Issues "Agricultural Edu
cation," by Benjamin Marshall Davis.
The matter is treated under the fol
lowing heads: "The United States De
partment of Agriculture," "The United
States Bureau of Education," "State
Departments and Legislation," "Agri
tural Colleges," "Normal Schools,"
"The National Education Association
and Other Associations," "Periodicals,"
"State Organizations and Farmers' In
stitutes," "Societies," "Boys' Clubs,"
"Schools," "Textbooks," Bibliography."
Archibald Colquhoun, author of the
book "China in Transformation,"
called China the classic ground of rev
olutions, as many as twelve having oc
curred, he says, between 420 and 1644;
but rebellions have been innumerable,
the empire, indeed, never being free
from them. The present uprising Is
thought to have for Its aim the chang
ing of the Middle Kingdom Into a re
public It Is Interesting to note that
Mr. Colquhoun says of Chinese de
mocracy: "But of the contributory
causes of a national vitality which has
vanquished all conquerers, certainly
not. the least Interesting Is the faculty
of local self-government which runs In
the Chinese blood. . . . This dispo
sition of the Chinese people to arrange
themselves in special organizations or
coteries is clearly congenital and Its
action automatic, as In the elective af
finity t crystals."
, Publisher: "I hope your novel ends
happily?"
Author: "Indeed, It does. It ends In
the marriage of the heroine and hero;
does not go into their married life at
all." Houston (Tex.) Post,
"Did Algy make a hit at the literary
club?" "I presume he did. He pro
nounced 'Les Miserables' in a brand
new way, and then alluded to It as
Victor Herbert's masterpiece." Wash
ington (D. C) Herald.
v Identity of titles has been making
trouble In England again, this time In
connection with a volume of poems
which was to be called "From the
Four Winds." As It has been discov
ered that Francis Sinclair had used the
phrase for a book published a year
ago. Miss Jessie Annie Anderson's
poems will appear under the amended
heading, "Breaths From the Four
Winds." By a curious coincidence, .Mr.
Sinclair also has Just had to alter the
title of a book, the one announced
having been used by another author.
Curious.
"With Napoleon at Waterloo," by the
1st E. Bruce Low, edited by MacKen
sle MacBride, is said to oontaln much
Important unpublished material relat
ing to the Peninsular and Waterloo
campaigns. Among the documents are
translations of the diaries of two of
Napoleon's officers, which describe his
conduct during the closing hours of
Waterloo. The account of the Passage
of the Douro, one of the most daring
feats In the history of British arms,
and uf the campaign In Egypt, also
adds new facts to our knowledge of
those event
N. Nitts on Apples
By Dean Collin.
Nesclus Nitts, he whose saplency
Was Punkindorf's wonder perennially.
Projected, with uttermost dexterity,
A nicotine Jet o'er the edge of his knee.
And spake for a space on the fruit ot
the tree.
"Historical facts has a way that's
- plumb beatln',
Repeatin' themselves with unendln re
peating Which fact is especial borne in upon
me
By things In the paper I recently see,
Proclaimin' that somethin' has hap
pened once more,
I know to have happened in '74.
"In "74 Zekel Waller, he found
A shrub growin' up In some old fal
low ground,
Which same, by inspection, was prov
en to be
No more ner no less than a strange
apple tree;
While closer examinin" showed up, to
boot.
The branches was bearln' some sam
ples of fruit,
"A-bltln" the apples, he found, further
more. No seeds, and not nary the ghost of
core.
The fruit, from the samples that later
I seen.
Appeared 'bout the size of a big Lima
bean.
The flavor, I also took 'caslon to
mark.
Was much like the taste of Peruvian
bark.
"Our whole neighborhood was en
thused by the find:
'Twould be a big thing fer the town,
we opined;
And so it perhaps might have turned
out to be.
If Sprague's dappled mule hadn't et up
the tree,
And squenched In his Jaws that which
might have made Waller
Famed clean from Grass Prairie to
Beaconhurst Holler.
"But hlsfry ain't balked: though 'the
first tree was eaten.
She got right, to work on the Job of
repeatin'.
I reckon they've .found night a hun
dred or more
Since Waller found his back in '74:
Which shows one may find, if he care
fully seeks.
That Nature's plumb prodigal fash
ionin' freaks."
Half a Century Ago
From The Oregonlan, November 1, lstil.
It is said the TJnlo can run up to and
above Salem in low water. If so, she
will do a capital business, should the
State Fair be at Salem next year.
John Orvis Waterman, surveyor of
customs at this port, yesterday ap
peared before the United States Dis
trict Court and took the oath of alleg
iance to the United States Government,
lately prescribed by the Treasury De
partment for Federal officials to take.
Mr. J. A. Cornwall. We have re
ceived a communication of some length
from this gentleman, relating to his
suspension from the ministry by the
Cumberland Presbytery of Oregon. We
briefly stated the circumstances under
which this was done in our paper some
weeks since. We have no reason to
doubt its correctness. Mr. Cornwall,
then an authorized minister, presented
charges against two of his brother
ministers. The charges were submitted
to examination and sent to trial. No
proof wae presented to - substantiate
them, and the Presbytery, considering
the false nature of the charges, felt
It their duty to suspend Mr. Cornwall
from the minlBtry. They did this. Mr.
Cornwall now desires to appeal from
the Judgment of the church, to which
he submitted his case, to the public
to politicians to his brethren of the
secession faith, and asks us to' do this
through the medium of The Oregonlan.
This cannot be. . . . The wriggling
and twisting and squirming of this Mr.
J. A. Cornwall; first, in the false
charge, he made against his brethren
in the ministry; second. In the proof
of their falsity; third, in condemnation
of their author and his expulsion from
the ministry; and, fourth, in this last
effort to break the force of his pun
ishment by an appeal to the public,
remind us of that oft-quoted distich:
No man e'er feels the halter draw
with trood oolnlon of the law.
Conntry Town Sayings by Ed Eowe
Somehow, a barefooted woman always
shocks a man. A man knows a' woman
has feet, but he hates to eee them.
What do people talk most ahoutT I
have concluded they they talk most of
Outrages.
Some men are like phonographs;
every day they reel off exactly the some
records.
Some people think that if they do
not eat with a knife, or drink out of
a saucer, that is enough to know about
etiquette.
It makes very little difference with
some men whether they make a state
ment on oath at the courthouse, or on
the street.
A great trick of pretty women is not
to be very fond of anyone.
The popularity of dogs is due to a
story told years ago, and never authen
ticated, that there was once a dog that
would go after the cows.
It alwayB makes a man mad to CLsk
him to be ldentlfled.
Experience indicates that If a girl
wants a husband, she must get out and
hustle for one, the same aa a man hus
tles for a Job.
I try not to be prejudiced, but do not
make much headway against It.
Carries Individual Beer Glass.
Baltimore Sun.
"A glass of beer, bartender, and
here's my own glass! None of those
others for mine!"
With these words a well-known ex
saloonkeeper ordered a drink, and at
the same time drew a medium-sized
shell glass from his coat pocket. The
bartender, surprise was so great he
nearly dropped to the floor, and the
customers gaped with wide open
mouths, while the hangers-on fell back
against the wall.
"Fill 'er up again, bartender"" said
the antlseptlo man.
This man has been carrying his own
glass for two years now, and when one
breaks or gets smashed In his pocket he
buys another.
The "Anguished" Ottomans.
Constantinople Tanln, Translated in the
Orient
This fury that the Ottomans nourish
while they are condemned to suffer, is
not the fruit of the state of war which
now commences between us and the
Italians; it 1b that of the caged lion,
powerless to defend himself against the
insults and attacks of wolves. Oh, if
we only had a common boundary with
Italy, were it but one foot long, what a
burst of vengeance would come from
the. anguished breast of all the Ottomans!