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PORT I. WD. OrfEOO.
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SconJiJ. Matter.
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J-tiRTtAMJ. HUi.vrnAT. AIGIST .
TBI rllMtHf I HE IS IJST.
In pursuance of a proinram which
lilt evidently been agreed upon be
tween the Insurgent Republican and
th Democrat! the farmer"' free lint
ha been voted upon In the Senate
and passed. It remalna to be aeen
whether the Pre4dent will veto It or
not. The bill places upon the free
list a large number of articles which
farmers are known to use extensively,
such as flour, sewing machines and ag
ricultural Implements. It Is supposed
to compensate thera for the losses
which they will possibly stirrer through
reciprocity with Canada. The reci
procity agreement was allowed to pass
with the private understanding be
tween the Insurgents and Democrats
that this free list should follow It. and
now the plan Is carried out as tar as
the combination can accomplish their
purpose.
In oar opinion Mr. Taft will veto
the bill. He mill do so for two rea
sons probably. Kor one thing, he does
rrnt believe that reciprocity will injure
the farmers and he Is willing to allow
them a few months to discover that
'act for themselves. The outcry that
fiaa been made against the agreement
n the poor farmer's account will then
lave lost about all of Its force.
In the second place, the President
wishes to matt for the report of the
tariff commission before he permits
any further reduction of duties. The
commission may find that some of the
articles Included In the farmers' free
list are not taxed more than they
ought to be. In that case, why cut
down the duties? The rule adopted
by the Republicans Is that the duties
ought to counterbalance the lower la
bor cost of some, articles In foreign
countries. It seems reasonable to wait
until we know something more about
this cost before going ahead with
tariff reductions. Mistakes are more
easily corrected before they are made
than afterward. If one may lapse Into
a HibernlanUm. Upon these grounds
Mr. Taft will probably make up his
mind that It Is Just as well to wall un
til next Winter before doing anything
more with the tariff. There will be
plenty of time between that and the
next Presidential campaign to do
whatever Is necessary and explain It to
the country.
COOS BAT AOAIM IS REfrON.
Coo Bay is at last to be reunited
to Oregon. That will be the effect of
the construction of the Harrlman
railroad from Eugene to that point,
welcome announcement of mhlch Is
made by General Manager O'Brien.
Nature had so completely cut off this
rich section from the remainder of
Oregon that It had been practically
annexed to California, but the railroad
will restore the broken tie. Not only
Coo Bay. but the Sluslaw Valley and
the coast between will be brought Into
direct connection mith the Willamette
Valley. The new road will also be a
direct extension to the coast of the
frojected east-and-west trans-Oregon
line which may be expected to be the
next work undertaken In the develop
ment of the Harrlman network which
Is to cover Oregon.
Among the chief advantages of this
new line will be the creation of a coal
jpply at the doors of Portland and
i:her Willamette Valley cities. Coos
Pay has well-developed mines which
have long been shipping to California
and recently, to a limited extent, to
Portland, but their production ha
been restricted by their market. They
can soon produce to the limit of their
rapacity and Oregon can then end Its
dependence on Puget Sound. Wyoming
and Australia. for coal. .The Harrlman
literts also promise the development
tf extensive coal fields on the Slua'aw
River, which the new road will
parallel.
Aside from coal, the lumber, fruit
and dairy Industries of the coast re
gion will receive an Impetus and the
tut. untouched forest and rich agri
cultural country will become dotted
mlth towns and farm.
With Coos Bay. Sluslaw Valley and
Intervening coast opened up by the
new road, the long isolated Oregon
coast will be as accessible as any other
pitrt of the state. It is now reached
by the Astoria A Columbia River road
to Astoria and Seaside, the Pacific
"Railway A Navigation and United
Railways line to Tillamook and the
jCortalli Eastern lo Taqulna, The.
new Willamette r.tclflc will leave
ItJtps between Florence and Taqulna
en the north and between Marshfleld
nnd the California line on the south,
but these can be filled In by exten
sions as the country develops. .
A retrospect for a few years shows
Mow rapidly Oregon 1 changing from
an almost rallroadlesa country to one
marked' with as complete a network
gs any state In the L'nlon. It Is only
a few years since the Astoria and Ta
qulna roads mere the onlv ones which
reached the coast, and the Columbia
8-iuthern and the Arlington and Con
don branches were the only one
w hlrh tapped Central Oregon and
they only reached the edge of the In
terior plateau. Coos Bay and Klamath
Falls practically belonged to Califor
nia and other sections had closer re
lations with Idaho and Nevada than
with the rest of Oregon. Klamath
Fall has been reclaimed and the early
completion of the Natron cut-off mill
tighten the bond. Coos Bay will soon
be reclaimed and Tlliumook has. or
will son have, two competing lines.
The lines up the Deschutes have ex
tended half way across the state and
are projected to cover the rest of the
distance. The east and west Harrl
man line may be expected to come
next In order. It Is by no mean a
wtld prediction that the next census
will find all these lines completed and
every part of , Oregon within easy
reach of the locomotive. The develop,
mer.t which mill follow these new
mean of transportation mill Jestify
the statement that the opening of Ore
gon has only Just begun and that the
Increase in population and wealth be
tween 1910 and 1:0 mill equal. If not
surpass, that of any other state.
I1RMT IN MW Bl'SINESS.
The disreputable distinction of hav
ing, been first to print the infamous
Pick-to-Dlck forgery belongs to a
Portland paper, the Journal. It mas a
"scoop" for which no other paper
anym-here desires to claim the credit
or discredit. It mas a clumsy, wicked
and stupid fabrication, having for Its
purpose the covering of that President
of the United States mlth dirt and the
further humiliation of his late Secre
tary of the Interior.
It would be decidedly to the point
now If the Portland paper m-ould give
the true story of the origin of the
Dlck-to-DIck invention and Its prog
ress from the hand of Its Washing
ton correspondent to Its own columns
and then Into the hands of the muck
raking Abbott woman, mho later pro
cured Its publication In the Phil
adelphia North American, six days
after It had seen the doubtful
light of day In the obscure columns
of the Portland paper. But it mill be
noticed that the Portland paper, hav
ing given birth to the Dlck-to-DIck
monstrosity, refuses to acknowledge
its paternity, but finds refuge In repe
tition of the stale and exploded false
hoods about the earlier history of the
Interior Department under Secretary
Fallinger; for It Is not true, and la
known not to be true, that "one of
Balllnger" employees In the Interior
Department prepared a letter eulogis
ing Balllnger which the President
signed and gave to the public as hta
own."
The Lawler memorandum and the
Presidential letter bear Intrinsic evi
dence that the old calumny, now re
vived In Portland. Is baselcps.
It Is no light matter. In any case
or for any reason, to assail the Integ
rity of the President of the United
States. It Is peculiarly atrocious to
attempt to drag the name of the Pres
ident into the mire through a criminal
conspiracy involving forgery, false
hood and deceit and the careful and
systematic substitution of records.
THE OVERLORD OF I-A FIVE.
If Governor West shall bring the
Deschutes Land Company., or. any
other Central Oregon Irrigation com
pany, to terms, so that It will carry out
Its contract with settler, actual and
prospective, he will have performed a
monumental service to the people of
the state. AVhy should the pres
ident of the Deschutes Land Company
be permitted to defy the state authori
ties and tell them In effect that he mill
do what he please about his obliga
tion to the state and to the settler
who have gone on the company'
lands? Who is Morson? Is he the
suzerain of La Pine? Are the settlers
hi subjects, as they are clearly his
dependents? Is he doing for them
what he ha agreed to do? Or Is he
taking his own so-erelgn leisure about
It and letting the settlers wait and the
state go hang? .
The whole Central Oregon Irrigation
matter In all Its phases merits the dil
igent attention of Governor West and
his land board. Some "of the compa
nies there have doubtles done tneir
i .. v. . not All-should be
urei , i'iih i -
held to strict accountability under
their contracts. The aeve.inpraem o
iHlMilnn ,nfrrHa.ea should bo TOOT'
for the benefit of the settler and Ie
for the benefit of the promoter.
COMEl, LEWI' FRENCH.
Sadness and sorrow furrow the
.u . ahii-h are adorned bv the
world-famous pink whiskers, for the
all-embracing ambition or tneir owner
has met a check. Jamee Hamilton
Lewis has won fame a a lam-yer. ora
tor, legislator, ladles" man. longshore
man, globetrotter, but Paris gently
hint that aa a linguist he is below
her standard and suggests -that he
speak his own language hereafter.
ft.. n . K n-i a n ' a tn miV have
been pained by the Colonel' struggles
nriAtinn of their
t ii II V
smoothly Homing tongue or they may
have been moved Py sympainy to spare
.m iki affnn it mir be that, like
the Seattle audience he used to ad
dress, they are content simply to hear
that musical voice roll out swelling
periods without unaerstanuing
he says. In that case, he might Just
as WrU speak In English, which many
of them do not know, aa in French,
which they are equally unable to un
derstand. Since they enjoy the mere
sound of his voice, he might give them
equal pieaure If he talked Chinook.
DEATH IS THE WATER
The toll taken by drowning; aeemg
to have been heavier thu far this
Snummer than usual. The Sunday toll
especially Is high on the Columbia
Island beache above and below Van
couver. These places seem to be es
pecially attractive to young people
who cannot smim and to whom river
bathing In the shallows where lurk the
unexpected "deep places" Is particu
larly dangerous. Norn- It Is the beach
or slough at Washougal that lures the
unsuspecting or recku?sa bather be
yond his or her depth: now the lovely
shaded shores of Government Island,
and again the shelving, sandy hore
of Bachelor's Island which exact the
toll of death from pleasure-seeker.
Each account of these disasters, when
published, create surprise in that the
risk that ended so tragically was so I
foolishly taken.
There I not much variation In the
circumstance under which these
deaths by drowning occur. There is
usually the merry picnic party of
young men and women on the beauti
ful wooded bank that shelve down to
the sandy beach, lapped by shallow
waters; the skurry Into bathing suit
behind leafy dressing screens: the
"wading out." carefully at first, by the
young women whose personal contact
with water has been confined to that
In the bathtub, and who do not Intend
to get beyond their depth, the merry
challenge of comrades, or the seduc
tive charm. of the water leading them
on: the sudden unvrary step Into deep
water, the frantic calls for help, the
gallant attempt at rescue, sometime
successful but too often duplicating
the toll of the water; the terror of be
holders, the frantic grief of relatives
who witness the struggle for life, but
are powerless to render aid, the
ghastly aftermath of the grappling
Irons and the return of the drenched
and lifeless bodies to the home left In
anticipation of a pleasant outing a few
hours before these are the Incidents
of brief chapters written year after
year, mithout variation except as to
names and dates, the latter shifting
from season to season, the former
mithout special significance except to
' the few m ho are tragically bereft by
the disaster.
The -story, though given wide pub
licity and read mith shuddering dis
may, does not close the volume
wherein It Is written. There Is always
space left for another chapter, and yet
another, that Is as sure to be written
as the heat of the Summer and the
lure of he water invite to beach bath
ing In the Columbia pleasure-seekers
m ho cannot swim. The toll taken by
drowning was unusually heavy In July
of this year. It can only be hoped
that August will not duplicate It.
REMl-LTS OF A LANDSLIDE.
A landslide carries a mass of mud,
rocks and uprooted trees from a slde
hlll over th land below. The Demo
cratic landslide In New Tork carried
a mass of political material of the
same nature from the side of Mount
Tammany, which la New York City,
over the whole of New Tork State.
The result is seen In broken pledges.
v-Kisiatlon passed In the Interest of
Tammany, wholesale expulsion of Re
publican from office aid wholesale
substitution of Democrats, creation of
office with nothing to do but draw
salary and work for Tammany. A
weak and pliant Governor obediently
doe the will of the boss, who plun
ders the state aa he ha plundered
the city.
New Tork Is the one state which
took a step backward In the elections
of 1910. Almost every other state,
regardless of party -preference, elected
a clean administration, which strove
to give the people better laws and bet
ter execution of the laws. Some mis
takes have been made, but they have
generally been honest mistake ac
tuated by a desire to serve the people.
New Tork alone ha chosen to hand
over her state government to the po
litical parasites organlxed Into Tam
many. The greatest state of the
Union, which should lead the way
onward, turns backward.
New York' neighbor. New Jersey,
presents a contrast to her. Instead of
a landslide of political mud. New Jer
sey had a purifying tidal wave mhlch
swept sway the accumulated corrup
tion of years of misrule. New Jersey
elected a Governor In Wood row Wil
son who worked to carry out his plat-
rorm pledges, we naa a wsipiMurc
to deal mith of whlch'one house was
cotrrolled by his political opponents,
but with a skill In managing men
equal to that of Murphy, the Tam
many boss, he Induced the Republi
cans to Join the Democrats In carry
ing out Republican pledges and gave
his state laws, m hlch secure the people
control of their government and re
move most of the abuses mhlch had
grown up under the control of men
of Murphy's type.
The people of New York are getting
what they voted for. They knew that
the Democratic ticket mas dictated by
Murphy and they knew m-hat sort of
government Murphy had given New
York City. They have no cause to
complain m-hen he gives the" whole
state the same kind of government.
Next year will show whether they
have rued their bargain.
Even If they have, they will find
escape difficult. The Tammany Leg
islature has passed a new elections
lam-, of which the OutlooK says:
It I so framed aa to render Independent
movements asalnat fthr parly machine,
or asalnat tti alllanra of the two party ma
chine, vary difficult and discouraging ; It
place obstacle In th way of voter who
llva In tha rural dtatrlct. and thu enhance
th power of tha Tammany machine and tha
other party machlnea In the cltlea of tha
tate: It take away certain of tha afe
guard that hava hltharto xlted to protect
the baliot-box atalnt Incompetent or cor
rupt election official.
In other words, the next time the
voters play with the Tammany bosses
they mill discover that they are play
ing with loaded dice. Having got con
trol of the state. Tammany does not
Intend to lose It very easily.
ARE RIEF ON PRISON REFORM.
From the perusal of a little pamph
let written by Mr. A. Ruef In hi dun
geon cell and sent to the California
prison director we are Inclined to
believe that the former boss Is em
ploying his time In prison to far better
purpose than he ever did outside.
Instead of moping In confinement or
Inventing harebrained plans of es
cape. Mr. Ruef has directed his real
abilities to the observation of his fel
low captives, to meditation upon the
general policy of the prison authori
ties and to maturing plans for the bet
terment of the prospects of discharged
convict. All this is excellent. How
much better It mould have been for
himself and the world had Mr. Ruef
employed himself In some such use
ful manner from his J oath up instead
of tempting destiny by defying moral
ity and the law of the land. He brings
to the notice of the prison directors
to begin mith the appalling fact that
of the population of California one
person In every 300 Is a criminal, as
the term goes, and one In every 600
a convicted felon. Mr. Ruef uses the
expression "branded felon," but evi
dently he prefers that as a more emo
tional synonym for "convicted." To
make the number of convicts atlll
more Impressive he presents the total
of all who have passed through San
Quentln and Folsom prison. It 1
58.130. quite sufficient to compose an
effective army. Unfortunately this
force I now, for the greater part, ar
rayed against society.
Mr. Ruef is still more deeply die
quieted by the fact he say it Is a
fact that a great many of these per
sons who must bear the prison stain
throughout their lives are Innocent.
This la hi deliberate Judgment after
ufficlent time to learn the circum
stances and weigh the probabilities.
If Mr. Ruef mere an ordinary crimi
nal or a weak sentimentalist - we
should naturally pass this conclusion
over aa unm-orthy of notice. With all
the tenderness which our court seem
to show to accused persons. It Is
startling to think that innocent men
are actually convicted in noticeable
numbers. Still Mr. Ruef say he be
lieves they are .and his opinion com
pel attention. It may be after all
that our legal technicalities help the
guilty more than the innocent. How
ever that may be, the Imprisoned boss
la convinced that fully 60 per cent of
the California prison inmates are not
criminals at heart. They are not con
genital rebels against society nor do
they prefer crime to honest labor.
Upon leaving the prison they would
become respectable citl2ens If they
could. The other 60 per cent of the
inmate are, he thinks, real criminals,
but fully half of them are docile
enough to be reformed If proper meas
ure -were taken for their benefit. Thla
leaves only one-fourth of the convict
in the Irreclaimable class,
Mr. Ruef ha also geen thinking to
excellent purpose upon the conditions
which surround the convict when he
Is released from prison. He I given
a suit of clothe which marks him In
all Instructed eyes as a criminal. The
state presents him 'with 15. barely
enough, Mr. Ruef remarks, to pay his
bills for a day. Everymhere he goes
the prison taint pursues him and
blights his efforts to earn a livelihood.
The Dollce are his foes. Respectable
employers do not wish to have him
about. All resources seem to be de
nied. There Is nothing left for him
but a new crime, suicide, or charity.
Mr. Ruef appears to think that either
of the former alternatives is prefer
able to such charity as is usualy of
fered to 'the released" prisoner. The
simple truth la that he is first pun
ished for hi actual crime, and then,
for the remainder of his life, pun
ished still more cruelly because he
has once been In prison. The effect
of all this is seen In the large number
of men mho regularly return to the
penitentiary after their first term. In
the prison where Mr. Ruef la confined
15 per cent of the Inmates are recidi
vist. This Is disheartening. It ought
to set intelligent minds at work every
where on the problem of caring for
'released convicts. Why not sentence
every convicted person for life and
have done with it? Why go through
the miserable farce of pretending to
et him free only to drive him Into
new crime and reiterated punishment?
The best trait of Mr. Ruef s letter Is
its constructive spirit. He loses no
time making complaints. HI subject
Is discussed - philosophically and his
observations lead him to a plan which
he thinks would materially better the
statu of. the man who is sent out into
the world after a term in prison. In
California, a in most state, there Is
a prisoners' aid society. These socle
tie go by different names in different
plact, but their purpose 1 every
where the same. They wish to aid re
leased convicts. Mr. Ruef thinks
their Intentions are excellent, but their
achievements a little disappointing. To
co-operate with these outside societies
he proposes that the Inmate of the
prison shall form an organization
among themselves and raise funds to
support released convicts while they
are undergoing the trying experience
of finding employment. Of course
this is the critical period for them.
If they can once obtain regular work
secure from persecution, they can re
gain their respectability. If they are
thrown upon charity repeatedly. If
they are hounded from place to place
mithout means of earning an honest
livelihood, they.are lost. The co-operative
society among the prisoners
mhlch Mr. Ruef suggests has other
purposes besides raising money, but
this is its main one. There la no ap
parent reason 'why it should not be en
couraged by the officials. It might
not succeed, but on the other hand it
might not fall. When a man of ex
ceptional Intelligence secures such an
opportunity aa Mrx Ruef enjoys to
study the prison problem, soclety
ought to make the most of his con
clusions. If It Is true, as Secretary Fisher
says, that Ryan's Controller Bay fil
ings are subject to revision and can
cellation, m-hat a smoke there has been
from a small fire. Mr. Fisher Is a
man whose m-nrd cannot be doubted.
He I a conservationist who out
Plnchots Plnchot, and he Is known the
country over as an uncompromising
enemy of graft. If he says there is no
danger the chances are heavy that
there Is none.
The spirit of '78 Is not dead by any
means. It breaks out In all sort of
ways, some of them more strange than
wise, perhaps, but Invariably pleas
ing. The two little boys who are going
to ride from ocean to ocean without
sleeping under a roof show the same
qualities which kept Washington's
army together at Valley Forge. When
virility exists It will find a way to ex
press itself
It does not necessarily follow that
Jim Ham Lewis' French Is disagree
able to Parisian ears. Possibly the
elegant habitues of the boulevards are
so fasclaated by his mellifluous Eng
ii. h that tKv nrefer it to their mother
tongue. The language of Shakespeare
flowing In honied tone ainwan ine
whiskers of Mar is enough to charm
anybody.
About all that survives of the Wil
son tariff law of 1834 Is the provision
against the operation in the United
States of trusts organized abroad. It
1 to be Invoked In cases where the
Sherman law does ont apply. For an
ex-trust attorney, Attorney-General
Wlckersham Is most persistent In his
prosecution of trtists.
The Lorlmer Inquiry has brought to
light two railroads mhlch stood pat
against the pass graft In Illinois. They
are trie Pennsylvania and the Balti
more & Ohio, and had eeemlngly
found that Illinois legislators work
under the sign of .the "double cross."
' The tie of home and country have
overcome the fascinations of Paris and
Mr. Shonts will not seek legal sep
aration in order to become an expatri
ate. That is one victory over the de
mon of domestic disunion which
ravages New York society.
! aomethinf wroiii in the
system when the War Department
finds occasion to repruvo iu m-
inn ?1 i-liin I rtoraemAnshin.
in a i " i ' - -
There was nothing of the kind in the
days when Old Man Grant was In the
saddle.
Hoqulam Joins the list of cities that
have chosen Mayors from the ranks of
clergymen. This ought to spur to In
creased endeavor our Mr. McPherson,
who essayed to Join the body of Coun
cilmen a few months ago.
While applying the golden rule In its
r.iatinTii with the Indeoendent. the
steel trust might apply it also to those
employes who worn twelve nours a
day for seven days a week.
There Is no time to be wasted In
haggling over the site or the contract
if the Auditorium is to be ready for
the Elks in 1912.
Small hats will rule .this Fall, but
exaggerated pins to hold them will
give the fair sex the usual "gangway"
in a crowd.
Excessive consumption of gasoline
Increases the cost of living more than
high prices for foodstuffs.
Just keep an" eye on your Uncle Tim
Hill when railroad building to Coos
Bay begins.
When Wlckersham meets Wicker
sham, then begins the battle of
Alaska.
Now for some naval maneuvers
iround Cubs,
THE SENATE LESS AUGUST.
Individual Membership la Below That
of Fifty Tfejara Ago.
Washington Letter to Providence Jour
TIB 1
It Is liot altogether surprising that
Senator O Gorman, of New or, snuum
begin to feel that he gave up the sub
stance for the shadow in sesigning his
long-term, high-salaried Judicial office
of dignity and power for a seat in the
United States Senate.
Th. o-niai and brilliant .Irishman
who did this to become the colleague of
Ellhu Root is not the first man to find
out after it is too late that political
office, even of the exalted character of
a United States Senatorshlp. is not al
waya. to put it plainly, what it is
cracked up to be. Thomas B. Reed Is
reputed to have said once inai no man
niia-ht to come to Congress unless he
were so able or so rich or so conspicu
ously both that be would stand out
above his fellows as a power either In
the halls of legislation or in the no
less attractive social world or tne cap'
itaL
Although Judge O'Gorman has had no
opportunity to demonstrate his ability
since he came to Washington, it is gen
erally believed that he possesses it In
a very high degree. That is his repu
tation in New York, and he looks like
a man Intellectually above his fellows.
What, apparently, has disturbed his
peace of mind and caused him to doubt
whether he did not make a poor ex
change In leaving the bench for the
Senate is that he has found out what
has long been the belief of those who
have had occasion to know that while
the United States Senate as a legisla
tive body has perhaps maintained its
exclusively high standard, its member
ship, considered individually, does not
measure up to the standard of 100, B0
or 26 years ago. Mr. O'Gorman has
been In the Senate less than five
months, and already the bloom la off
the peach.
It was "Jim" Nesmtth, the Illiterate
miner and stags driver, who came to
the United States Senate from Oregon
soon after that territory was admitted
to the Union, who was responsible for
the famous story that has been at
tached to the personality of a thousand
public men since that time. When Senator-elect
Nesmlth came to Washington
he was so modest and had such a poor
opinion of his own merits that he was
actually afraid to appear in the Senate
chamber. So for a day or two he sst
up in the gallery with his wife. After
looking the statemen over he said to
her again and again: "When I think of
my limitations and of the august char
acter of this body. I cannot for the life
of me understand how I got here.1
A month or two later NeBmlth. who
was personally a very popular man, i
good story-teller and mixer from Mix
ervllle. said to his wife after he had
become acquainted with his colleagues
and swapped stories with them in the
cloakrooms, dined with them in the
Senate restaurant and associated with
them on the floor, "Now, I wonder how
in h 1 they got here.
It is true that the high standard of
United States Senators, estimated as
Individuals, has deteriorated; it Is also
true that the manners and customs of
doing business in Congress and of liv
ing In Washington have changed so
materially In the past quarter of a cen
tury that It does not mean the same
thing to be a Senator of the United
States now as then. Numerically larger,
tne email men are lost in the shuffle,
aa ii were, ana tne ricn ones are so
rich that the man of moderate means
can make no show at.all
WEST'S MISTAKE INDULGENCE.
Why Did the Governor Commute Cas
aeday'a Senteacef
Spray (Wheeler County) Courier.
One of Governor West's recent moves
to keep in the limelight the commut
lng of the sentence of Casseday. the
Grant County murderer and traitor,
sentenced to be hanged July 28 is
causing considerable comment. Con
sidering that mithout Casseday's aid
and consent the horrible crime could
not have been committed, and that had
he simply performed the duty to which
he had been appointed at his own re
quest the other three young men now
serving life sentences might be at
nome with their families, it looks as
though Casseday was only getting what
m-as coming to him.
One of the reasons given for com
muting the sentence is that Casseday
was not getting a fair show, consider
ing that the others got off with lire
Imprisonment. Did Casseday giveSny-
oer, me sneep nerder. who was nnc
tlcally forced to kill Green, a fair show
m-hen he kicked him out of the buggy
and told him to "Get out and take your
medicine?" or when he fired a shot
through the body of Snyder, whom he
naa allowed to be murdered? With
Casseday's sentence commuted for such
a crime, it , is hard to imagine what
crime would merit hanging In Gover
nor West's estimation. We understand
that quite a pressure was brought to
Dear on Lsovernor west to secure the
commutation, Casseday at one time
having considerable influence; but had
Snyder, the sheep herder, been " sen
tenced to be hanged for killing Green
we venture to say that his neck would
have "stretched hemp," the merits of
the case or Mr. West's policy notwith
standing. .
Wishes All Sprinkliaa; Prohibited.
MYRTLE PARK, Or., Aug. 1. (To the
Editor.) In view of the threatened
water famine, would it iot be fair to
all the public to prohibit the use of
m-ater for hose or sprinkling purposes
at any hour of the day or night, until
sufficient water has accumulated to
insure the public safety? Neither
favorites nor favored localities should
be permitted to appropriate all the
water that ran be used, to the serious
detriment of the other inhabitants of
the city. We pay the city for water for
household uses, but do not get it. Those
more favored by official favor or loca
tion, waste enough water to satisfy
all those from whom It is withheld. If
the issue is whether babies or beets
and bushes shall thrive, I am on the
side of the babies. S. W. HENRY.
A SONG OF SADNESS.
John D., in echo to his pastor's strain.
Decries the fruits he garnered from
his strife
For shining bucks, belittling his gain
"Great riches take the Joy all out of
life."
O John, despair not: Tve a remedy:
If all thy raft of riches pains thee so.
Shuffle a fraction of it onto me.
And let me help thee bear thy bitter
woe.
If riches make life sorrowful, egad
I am, by several million beans, too
gay;
Oh weight me with the load that makes
thee sad.
And take those hunks of happiness
' away. '
Let my long face hang sadly, and let
tears
Blot out the places where the grin
marks are.
Let me be miserable on Imported beers,
And weep to light a 60-cent cigar.
Groaning, the crisp coupon I'll sit and
clip.
Til sigh to be the keeper of a yacht.
And tears adown my nasal bridge shall
slip
Into my sterling silver coffee pot.
If riches take, thy Joy away, O John. .
Remember, I'm a million times too
glad:
Here stand I, always ready to take on
All you can spare "of that which
.makes you sad.
DEAN COLLINS, August 1.
WE are accustomed to speak with
bated breath or to respond with
cheers m-hen m-e hear mentioned the
names of the great historical figures
of the American Revolution, forgetting
for the moment that the men referred
to were creatures of flesh and blood
such as we, and liable to all human
shortcomings.
' Now comes a translation into Eng
lish of Dr. Johann David Schoepfa
"Travels In the Confederation, 178J
1784," Just published In two volumes,
the translating and editing being the
work of Alfred J. Morrison. Dr. Schoepf
traveled in this country before our
Constitution was adopted. He was a
Hessian that is to say, he was a Ger
man surgeon, one of the surgical chiefs
of the Ansbach troops, and with them
was cooped up In New York during
most of the Revolutionary War. After
this. Dr. Schoepf traveled over the re
gion south of New York. "Just to see
what the country was like." Ke says
In his memoirs that although Balti
more Ls a great city (the time of which
he writes is 1783-84) he ,f ears that "its
supremacy may be menaced by two rl
vat towns, Georgetown and Alexan
dra." Washington, D. C, did not then
exist. Here is his estimate of the
great Patrick Henry: "Among the ora
tors, there ls a certain Mr. Henry, who
appears to have the greatest influence
over the House. Ke has a high-flown
and bold delivery, deals more in words
than in reasons, and not so long ago
was a country schoolmaster. Men of
this stamp, either 1 naturally eloquent
or who become so through their occu
pation as e. g., lawyers, invariably
take the most active and influential
part in these assemblies; the other
members, for the most part farmers,
without clear and refined ideas, with
little education or knomiedge of the
world, are merely there to give their
votes, which are sought, whenever tne
House Is divided into parties, by the
insinuations of agreeable manners and
in other ways.
The Legislature was a disorderly
body, full of loud private conversation,
with a doorkeeper almost incessantly
and with a loud voice calling out mem
bers' names: with a tumultuous ante
room where the conversation was all
of. horses, races, gambling, tfolitics and
runaway negroes, and with solons
wearing "boots, trousers, stockings
and Indian leggins.
a a a
In Dr. Schoepfs day. the people of
Virginia must have reckoned them
selves as the salt of the earth: "Who
In America would dare count himself
the eaual of the noble Virginian? The
poor New Englander, who gains his
bread in the sweat of his brow? or
the Pennsylvanian, who drudges like
a negro and takes butter and cheese
to market? or the North Carolinian
pitch-boilers! or the South Carolinian
with hts everlasting rice? Above all
these stands the Gentleman of Vir
ginia, for he alone has the finest horses,
the finest dogs, the most negroes, the
most land, speaks the best English
makes the most elegant bow, has the
easy grace of a man of the world
The Virginians have a rather superior
look: thev are for the most part well
built, slender and of an active figure,'
their faces well modeled, and one sel
dom sees among them crippled or de
formed people, those excepted who have
been maimed In the war or by acci
dent."
a
For the edification of teachers and
others who have to do with schools
and colleges. Felix Arnold has pro
duced a book which he calle "Outline
History of Education." Its purpose is
to show the educational theories and
practices of the world's greatest teach
ers In ancient and modern times and
to give a resume of the educational
systems that are In use at the prtfuent
time In the principal countries or the
world.
a
"The Gates of the Past." by Thomas
Hunter Vaughan, an entertaining story
of modern London, partly in Zola
esoue vein, dealing with characters of
whom three are reincarnated souls of
ancient Egypt. There are two plots and
they are not so much love stories as
passion stories. One deals with the
attraction that a certain very beauti
ful, soulless woman of the bohemlan
world has for an English painter. At
length he sees her true character and
falls In love with a simple-hearted
hospital nurse. The other is the con
tinuation of a tragedy on which the
curtain fell In Egypt 6000 years ago.
a a a
Orison Swett Marden has Just re
ceived copies of four of his works
translated into Bohemian. A Japanese
teacher in Tokio has also written for
permission to add "Every Man a King"
to the list of Marden books to be trans
lated Into Japanese.
a a
Editor What makes you feel so sure
It would be a best seller?
Author My dear sir, the hero keeps
a valet, smokes rose-scented cigarettes,
wears a silk dressing gown, drinks
brandy and soda and says "d n."
Life.
a a
The great development of outdoor life
ls indicated by a'recent rough estimate
that over 100,000 boys and girls are In
camp every Summer, Irrespective of
semi-military organizations. That
camping should be an exact science ls
Indicated by the recent report of an
outbreak of typhoid fever in a Boy
Scout camp near Cincinnati. The sani
tation of camp life ls explained In de
tail by Dr. Eugene L. Swan in "Camp
ing and Scouting," a book Just pub
lished: and he emphasizes the neces
sity of examining the sources of drink
ing water and exercising the greatest
care. These directions are a part of
chapters which lay down specific rules
for maintaining sound sanitary condi
tions when living out-of-doors.
a a
imeiia TC Burr. 79. still writes two
nnvnia o vpaT And is said to have the
largest income of any American woman
novelist. Her first novel, --jan veauers
Wife," was written when she was 53,
hut she had crevlously written short
stories and nem-spaper articles.
a a a
The University of Wisconsin has a
course on the modern English novel.
and in the coming university year John
Galsworthy's "The fatrician- wm De
used as the chief text book, the great
er Dart of the course being given to an
alyzing and discussing It.
a a a
William McAdoo, former Police Com
missioner of NeW York -and author of
Guarding a Great tjlty, nas receivea
the following from Beekman Winthrop,
Assistant Secretary of tne Navy: "Your
book, entitled 'Guarding a Great City,'
has been read, approved and adopted by
tha department for ships' libraries. I
am sure that it will be valuable to the
sailors visiting new iorK ana otner
cities, and I congratulate you upon
Its adoption for use in the Navy."
a a
Another romance of the tropics is
announced. It ls by H. de Vera Stack
noole. ls entitled "The Ship of Coral,"
and is concerned with the West In
dies, whose beauty awakens tne nero
to a new life. At the same time is is
sued a new edition of Mary MacLane's
m-ell-known book, "The Story of Mary
MacLane." It contains a new chapter
by Miss MacLane on her recant experi
ences, said to be "as frank and orig
inal as the self-revelations m-hich as
tonished the reading public nine years
ago." -
Advertising Talks
By William C. Freeman.
A series of interesting articles ap
peared recently in the Plttafleld (Mass.)
Journal, relating happenings of the old
days in Pittsfield as far back as 150
years.
One of the articles showed an illus
tration of the first office of the Pltta
fleld Journal, which mas then a small
paper with limited means, and it told
that the proprietor was very dubious
about its future.
t Josh Billings was a friend of the pro
prietor of the paper as well as an oc
casional contributor.
.The proprietor told Josh Billings all
about his difficulties and troubles .and
the obstacles which lay in his way and
which appeared to him . to be Insur
mountable. -
Josh listened to all he had to say
without replying. At the end of the
talk he gof up and walked to the dooc
and stopped there a moment took out
a pencil and apparently made some
mark on the door Jamb. He then went
out.
The Pittsfield Journal proprietor
walked over to ste what he had writ
ton, and there in Josh Billings' char
acteristic handwriting was the follow
ing: "Tew stea iz too win."
The Pittsfield Journal did stay am1
it won.
The object of this story is to' bring
home to the advertiser a fact he should
remember, namely:
It Isn't easy to ancreed la bnatnea
even when that bualneaa ls advertised.
There are difficulties of all kinds in
the way, but if the advertiser has de
termination if he peralata in his ad
vertising he will succeed, because
"tew stea lz too win" in anything.
The advertiser who has faith, who is
Intelligent, who advertises with regn
larlty and persistency, will surmount
all difficulties and will ultimately suc
ceed. (To be continued.)
Country Town Sayings by Ed Howe
rr.i BAAn.a n IavA a.
meeting wherein speakers tell him how
Industrious, how patriotic and how pa
tient he is; how he is the builder and
supporter of the home, the school and
the church, and how he is kind and
long-suffering, but how terrible he is
if his rights as an American citizen are
interfered with. ,
An elderly person ls a mighty poor
Judge of a circus.
If you hate a disagreeable but honest
and necessary task, perform It, and hats
It afterwards.
The man who is half drunk half th
time. Imagines that people "don't notice
It." But they notice much . .smaller
tilings than that.
Would you rather have the sympathy
of the under dog or the success of ths
dog on top?
People in big towns are always sel
fish; I should rather live In a little
town, where people sympathize with
you when in trouble: and where. If you
have no trouble, they look up some for
you.
Walk toward a big mirror, and ten to
one you will remark that you have a
more awkward walk than you imagined.
When a woman likes to wait on a
man, that settles it; she loves him.
. Smart men have been trying for mans
centuries to make hard work easy; but
they couldn't do it. and you can't.
The average man's Judgment ls so
poor that he runs a risk every time he
uses It.
(Copyright, 1911, by George Matthew
Adams.)
Half a Century Ago
Th, nrpvnnlan. Aunist 2. 1861.
The Mountaineer says that the Ten
nlo has made her last trip to Lewlston
on account of the falling of the water.
Two trips, if necessity requires, will
be. made from The Dalles to Walla
Walla every week. There are parties
at Walla Walla making arrangements
to put on a line of stages from that
point to the mines. In this way direct
communication will be had with the
mines during the year. Goods will be
carried by wagons and packed to the
mines from Walla Walla.
Judge Lander got the entire vote in
Bitter Root Valley for delegate. He
must be a very popular man there, or
rather the patronage of Government,
still in the Buchanan interest, must
have great power there.
Fort Colvllle There are rumors that
this post Is to be abandoned. We hope
not. There is evidence that it is not
to be the case from the packing of sup
.11.. fVnm helnw to the fort. It is said
that the British Boundary Commission
will Winter in coivnie.
The navigation company to uisia
$22 per ton for transporting goods from
mi. ti.. li,.- n Walla. WaJla-
J UD Ac..
. r . ti i . . Ciio-dha arrlvaH at
iVl r. uruuiicji, " n 1
Canemah on Wednesday last from
Springfield in Lane County with two
flatboat loads of flour. He says the
expense is about half what it wouia
cost him to ship by steamer.
Brad's Bit o' Verse
Jerusalem the golden, with milk and
honey-blest, no longer is to be a place
of quietude and rest. The streets
where good King David roamed with
Absalom the vain, may soon be wearing
modern names like Broadway, Wall and
Main. 'Tis all to be remodeled, and
brought right up to date; for the Turks
have sold the franchise to a Yankee
syndicate. The Mount of Olives may
hecome a city reservoir; the site where
on the temple stood, a board of trade
nnce more: and where the watchman
called the hours in days of long ago,
you'll call three double nine eight one
and get the glad "Hello." Where once
the palm and lily grew by wayside
fountain fair, the trolley cars will buzz
and whirl around the market square.
They'll take you down to Betmenem oy
interurban line; they'll whisk you out
to Jordan's banks and home in time to
dine. By cool Slloam's shady rill they'll
start up packing plants; and dark Geth
Bemane may go for railroad switching
grants. The modern bug is busy, and
nothing old can last; we see our land
marks battered by the stern Iconoclast.
Tt mav be well: and yet somenow it
makes me sigh and pine to think of
modern marts of trade in good old Pal
estine.
(Copyright, 1911. by w. P. Meng.
Old-Time Teacher of Mark Twain.
'Baltimore American. .
Cantaln Abner Martin, the oldest
Ohio-Mississippi River man in that sec
tion of the Ohio valley, just ceieorated
his 91st birthday at East Liverpool, O.
Captain Martin taught Samuel Clemens
(Mark Twain) all tne latter Knew
about ateteamboat, and when both were
working on the old river packet Penn
sylvania "told Sam he would never
make a hit as a steamboat, man."