TTIE MOITCIXG OHEGOXTAX, TUESDAY; JTTLY 25, 1911.
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riUXHLBITlOX IX TEXAS.
The vote In Ttui on state-wide pro
hibition last Saturday closed a cam
paign that had been In more or leas
active prorreaa for several year. Tha
prohibition Issue entered Into the ses
sions of the Legislature of 10. with
the result that an adrtaorr rHe was
requested la the primaries of Julr.
110. as to whether the succeeding
Legislature should aubrnlt a constltu
tior.al amendment on tha subject. Tha
people declared their desire for sub
mission of tha amendment by 100.009
majority. It was a peculiarity of tha
situation, however, that the Democrats
In the same primary nominated for
Coventor Colonel Oecar B. Colquitt,
who. though a Methodist and a total
abstainer, was an opponent of state
wide prohibition.
Colonel Colquitt, like many others
who condemn the saloon, believes that
prohibition forced on a community
that does not desire It will not b ef
fectual. Rather he Is a devotee of lo
el option. The subsequent Demo
cratic state convention declared for
prohibition, while tha Republican con.
ventlon declared for local option, with
the reeult that rock-ribbed. Demo
cratic Texas elected a local-option
itroor ca a prohibition party-platform.
Put Governor Colquitt signed
the submission bin and then promptly
too it the stump In opposition to It.
The heat of the campaign haa been Il
lustrated by a threat of expulsion of
the Governor from the Methodist
Church and Ms receipt of letters
threatening personal violence.
Texas now has county and precinct
)ocat option, and. according to the
Anti-Saloon League Tear Book, ap
proximately 3.000.000 of Texas J.J.
$00 Inhabitants are living In dry terri
tory. These figures and the history
f the campaign Indicate very clearly
that state-wide prohibition was pro
posed as a means of forcing prohibi
tion on. one-fourth the population
which did not want prohibition and
would not vote It on themselves al
though they had open opportunity to
!o so. A plan was proposed which
time and again has proved Impractica
ble In its workings and has developed
into a promoter of illicit dealing In the
worst and most harmful grades of In
toxicating liquor. If Texas had gone
Ury. It would have been by such a
narrow margin that a repetition of the
anarchic conditions prevalent In other
prohibition states could have been ex
pected. Blind tigers and bootleggers
would have flourished In the aale of
vile liquor, and those who desire good
liquor would have swelled tha express
companlrs receipts by buying It from
other states. A prohibition victory by
a small majority Is as bad as defeat,
for there Is not enough weight of pub
lic opinion behind the law to enforce
It. Failure of prohibition, as Is now
Indicated, will leave Texas with the
same local-option law It has had and
permit piecemeal prohibition until it
extends throughout tha state. If public
sentiment In wet territory should ever
turn that war.
Failure of prohibition In Texas will
perhaps also prove a blow to the
amendment In Maine which Is resub
mitted f6r approval or rejection by
the people on September 12. after
having been a part of the constitution
for fifty years.
UD SHOW MOIEXO'T.
Two years ago there was held In
C'hl-sgo. practically under the aus
pices of the Chicago Tribune, a dis
play of the products of the soli, the
exhibition being entitled the United
Htates Land and Irrigation Exhibition,
which name has for convenience been
shortened to Land Show. The event
Was repeated last Fall, and ao suc
cessful was It both In displays and
the number of visitors hat It has now
become an annual and almost a Na
tional event, the dates for this year
being from November II to Decem
ber .
In addition to the Chicago show,
there will be several others of the
same nature, as follows: National
Land and Irrigation Exposition. Pitts
t"irg. October 12 to October I;
Omaha Land Show (Western Land
Products Exhibit). Omaha. October
1 to October 25: American Land and
Irrigation Exhibition. New Tork City.
November J to November 12. and
shows of more or less note at St.
Taut or Minneapolis. Denver and
other places In the West.
At the Chicago show last Fall thers
were nearly half a million visitors,
and the dUp'ayt were second to none
ever arranged In this country. These
displays wr moet!y arranged by or
for the railways, and upon these roads
fell the most of the expense. But so
great were the benefits that this year
nearly every railway of the West will
have exhibits In ail of the shows men
tinned above, and perhaps others that
nay be announecd later.
The name chosen by these shows
seems a handicap. The words "land
show" do not carry to the mind the
'act that such an exhibition Is of the
products of the land, and for this
reason these shows seem to come fsr
short of attracting as many visitors
s they would If every reader of the
Itteratura sent out or reports pub
l.jihed could understatnd that the
hows had on display all sorts of
rroducts of the soil from all parts
tiT the country.
It Is understood that the railway
Tines running through Oregon have
tken space in all of the shows men
tioned and arrangements are being
made to gather exhibits from the vari
ous states of the Northwest, and It Is
hoped Oregon will be represented by
a fine display of fruits, veegtables and
rereals. from the humid as well ss
from the dry farming and Irrigated
sections: The New Tork Legislature
lias appropriated $10,000 for a display
at the show In New York City, and the
nearby states will probably have fine
displays. So It will be necessary for
the West to get up as fine exhibits as
possible. We have no money for such
purpose In our public treasuries, so
we must depend upon the various
communities to rt the exhibits to
gether for the railways, and the rail
ways will see that spsce 1 provided
and tha products transported without
charge.
This matter should be taken up at
once by the various communities snd
the result mada known to the Port
land Commercial Club, which In turn
will consult with the railway officials.
It may not be expedient to attempt
to cover all of the shows. Indeed,
there Is some friction between the
various managements, hence a con
flict In dates. But Oregon should
have the beat exhibits that can be put
together for the Omaha, New Tork
and Chicago shows. Thees dates are
too late to bring any of the exhibits
to the attention of the colonists of
this Fall, the colonist date being
September 15 to October 15, but the
seed sown will surely bear fruit at
later dates.
BACK OF DEFEAT FOT VOICB.
The storm which greeted Premier
Asqulth In the British House of Com
mons when hs essayed to speak on the
veto bill may be regarded as the final
outburst of rage from the defeated
Tories. They profess to be the model
of gentlemen, but when, cornered in a
fight for their dear class privileges
they can be as blackguardly as any
mob of London eoetermongers. Their
fury must have) been gratifying to the
Liberals, for it was an admission of
defeat.
There- hava been many such scenes
v. i.fnn.iiniu life of the House
of Commons. There was the struggle
between Parliament and King Charles
In 141-3. In which Pym led the popu
lar forces and was Impeached for so
doing. There' were the struggle
caused by the plots In the reign .of
Charles II and by ths expulsion of
James and the adoption of the bill of
rights In 18S. There was uproar due
to the attempted expulsion of Wilkes
In 1774. There was tumult when the
first reform bill was passed In 18S2t
and when Disraeli sprang to the front
as leader of the Tories In 1S4 on the
adoption of free trade by Peel. When
the Irish Nationalists resorted to .fili
bustering In 181 against bill for sup
pression of crime In Ireland and some
of them were suspended, they refused
to move and were thrown out by main
force.
Though the House of Commons Is
ordinarily a decorous body, the native
savage breaks out there as elsewhere
when passion Is aroused.
roe acxxttajicb or rkoi lation.
Persons who believe that the public
service corporations can learn noth
ing from experience might change
tnslr minds If they would take the
trouble to compare the present atU
ture of these companies toward public
regulation with that of ten years ago.
We used to hear in those good old
times that It was the "right of every
corporation to run Its own business
to suit itself." The affairs of the
company were Its private concern ex
clusively, and If the public ventured
to look into them It was an imperti
nent Intruder to be hustled out as
roughly as possible, and If it could
not be hustled out then tho next best
thing was to deceive It.
This was emphatically the course
which the Standard Oil Company pur
sued. Everything it did was done In
secret. It made no reports, kept all
Its business as secret from the stock
holders as from the public and exist
ed as a close oligarchy caring for no
body and hated by all. The Sugar
Trust was perhaps even more con
temptuous of the public and its
rights of Interference. This corpora
tion not only Insisted upon "running
Its own business to suit itself," but it
also undertook, most considerately no
doubt, to run a large part of the pub
lic business, such as the making of
laws, collection of customs and so on.
Now what a change. The bead of
the great Steel Trust frankly tells the
public that he believes In thorough
going regulation of his business by
the Oovernment. Nor Is that all. He
declares that he thinks the Govern
ment ought to fix the prices at which
the product of the Steel Trust should
be sold. This Is regulation with a
vengeance, and If It were carried out
irirtiv it would not differ very per
ceptibly from public ownership. The
report of the American Telephone &
Telegraph Company affords another
shining example of the ameliorating
Influence of experience upon the feel
ings of the public utility companies
toward the public This company la
a holding and operating concern
which attends to all the lesser cor
porations included In the mammoth
nn vat em. It candidly declares Its
policy to be "to acquire and merge
into the Bell system all opposition
companies when It can be done legally
and with the acquiescence of the
public."
This consideration for the publlo
.nfnn la another note in the cor
poration symphony which one hears
with unmlngleo satisraciion. u
comfort to find that In corporation
.... ih nubile la no longer a mere
sheep which U expected to lie per
fectly dumb nerore tne snearers, oui
that Its wishes are to be held of some
account.
The report gives us to understand
that the process of combination
among the minor companies will go j
on until one of two object ha been
attained. Either the whole telephone
business of the country will be merged
under a single head, or else the United
States will be divided up Into sections
each with Its own Independent organ
isation, but In no section wlll there
be more than one company. Thus, if
the report is to be trusted, we must
take our choice between a National
monopoly and a sectional monopoly.
We cannot discern any very striking
advantages In the sectional scheme,
Colncldently with the development of
monopoly, the report promises us the
development of Oovernment regula
tion. Not the slightest disposition Is
shown to shirk the latter. On the one
hand we are told that "These corpor
ate organisation and combinations
have become a permanent part of our
business machinery: the public would
not. if It could, abolish them." On
the other hand, we read that "Public
control of publlo service corporations
by permanent commissions has come
to stay. Control or regulation
through such a body has many ad
vantages over that exercised through
regular legislative bodies or com
mittees." Evidently we hsve traveled far
from the situation where the com
panies felt obliged to resist the public
service commissions by every device
the Ingenuity of their lawyers could
hit upon. Time was when the cor
porations argued that the Legislature
had no right to delegate its authority
to commissions. Now the commission
is welcomed as, upon the whole, more
desirable than the legislature acting
directly. The corporations have dis
covered that they were more fright
ened than hurt by public regulation.
For a time they "were able to exist
and do as they pleased in secret, but
they could not do It always. Public
opinion was necessarily outraged by
such performances, and, as the Bell
system assure us, "In all lands. In all
times, public opinion has had control
at the last word."
It is the ruler in the long run and
safety lies In conciliating it. The wsy
to keep on good terms with the puouo
In this country Is to have no secrets
from It and deal honestly with It. The
American people do not want to rob
anybody any more than they want to
be robbed. Fair play between all
parties will pay best In the end and
It Is pleasant to learn that our great
corporations are finding it out. The
Bell system wishes public regulation
to go to the length of assuring fair
service to the public, fair returns to
the companies and a strict oversight
of financial matters, such as stock Is
sues. Of course with decent public
regulation there would be an end of
the watered-etock scandal.
GETTING C8ED TO RECIPROCITY.
Many farmer feel toward reciproc
ity very much as a man does who 1
about to step under a cold shower.
He shiver and shrinks, but after all
he knows that it is good for him. .and
when onoe the drops strike hi back
It is pleasant. All sorts of terrible
things are predicted from the agree
ment with Canada. We are told that
It will fatten the trusts and ahave the
farmer's Income down to the last
penny.
But that Is all nonsense. No far
mer will ever lose a nickel by the
operation' of reciprocity. It Is an ex
cellent thing that the effects, bad or
good, must now be faced so that here
after we shall not be compelled to
discuss the subject as a pure theory.
In a few months we can begin to
point to results. Wi shall then ask
the prophet of evil. "Where are those
terrible consequences you had so
much to tell about." There will be
no terrible consequenoes. Nothing but
good will flow from reciprocity, and
part of the good. In fact the very best
part. Is not much discussed as yet.
The loss by the farmers of their
"protection" will help more than
anything else possibly could to relieve
the country of the Incubus of the ex
orbitant tariff taxea.
When the farmers find that they
can live and flourish without the help
of contributions extorted from other
people they will naturally ask why
the Steel Trust and the Wool Trust
and the Coal Trust and all the other
Infant Industrie cannot do the same
thing. The feeling of their own ex
uhran atrensth when left to them
selves, will convince them that other
persons. Individuals ana corporations,
are also a great deal strong-er than
they think they are. The opinion will
spread abroad that we can all stand
alone and do business without rob
bing one another to build up profits.
The adoption of reciprocity, means
In the end a farmer vote opposed to
extortionate protection. What could
be better for the country oth morally
and financially? What could be of
happier omen for the future? The
preliminary shudder is on us now and
It will last for a month or two. Then
..- K.th win ha In full Drocess and
we shall wonder why we dreaded It.
i
eCIENTTFIC MANAGEMENT.
Scientific management ha become
Ik. nMort of debate between man
agers of industrial plant and labor
..ninn rririau The Century Magazine
sums up the opposing views of the
subject. It quotes james uuncmi, ...
r.r.Mnt f the American Federation
of Labor, as declaring "that it meant
simply 'speeding up , tnai iaa (
. .,,n(li at first would be blood-
money; that the system would turn
normal laborers Into specialists, con
demned to monotonous tasks month
after month, until they were driven
to the verge of Insanity. They mould
be worn out. healtn ana kh8i
n,,A foil, dlschars-o would follow.
and new men would take their places."
On this, the Century comments.
This view, aa must appear from any ln-
. ... . i .. h avatffm ItBoir. IS
Iron... 'o rie... and whnlV .rr.... Ma
It. a.numpllon of the effect of aclentlflo
marianem-nt on tha worVmen. The arror la
ino.4.1. loo. bjr tha tetlroony of thoa by
i i ,nnil,l In Bavin motion
wnom ii i. - -- - . i
uaulcaa motion lha By-tern eavaa oc-
arhea. Bora mucies. traan. "
hausilon. Bavins labor cannot exhaust tha
laborer any mora than saving money ean
tihiuit the purse. OIarln as Is la bort
error In respect to tha facts. Its blunder In
theory 4a yet mr deplorable. What It
amounta o is that orsanued labor puts Its
VSto on inv a .. - -- -
methoda of work, which, aa Mr. Brandela
outs 11. by "removlns the obstacles whlcn
annoy and ehaut tha workman" would
result in lars-r iirmucuu
. ik nA m .i n . v Wmrm la a
penaiiur vi mww .....
reform that. If Its apostles may b be
lieved, would save la tne Industries of this
country nunarrm oi miniwu"
bor forbids Its adoption. It means real
economic aln. Labor deereps that econom
ic waste ahsil continue. Whyt Avowedly
MtCSUN oi laoor i r - " -. " . " - ' "
. i . ni ,K K ml th. moat
D" r :ti p m' vw " ' " - - ---
efftrlent men. tha unskillful and the in
competent thereby bains doomed to unem
ployment. The Viurnose of scientific manage
ment ia r.i mr. Inst motion and sddIv
It to production. It would save the
time spent by the plumber In going
back to the shop for his tools and use
that time In doing userul work. it
would destroy the delusion which oc
cupies the minds of many workmen
lha' thav must make their 1ob last as
long ss possible, for they cannot tell
how long It win be Detore tney win
anothor Thov fall to realize that
the better, quicker and cheaper a Job
Is the sooner anotner win De ouim li
able. If a man puts up a building es
timated to cost $100,000 and through
good, efficient work get It done for
195.000 and saves two w-eek In the
tima of rnnjtriirtion. that is sR ad
vertisement for the contractor and his
workmen which quickly gets them an-
nfliar intv Tha araln In both contractor
and workmen by the new Job is much
greater than ir tney naa spun out tne
first Job for another month and made
It cost $5000 more. Instead of 15000
less, than the estimate.
The obstacle to sclentiflo manage
ment are due hnlh to emDlover and
w.orkman. The disposition of the em
ployer has been almost universally
until within tha Inat sreneratlon. and
too frequently still Is, to absorb all the
profits of increased efficiency among
hia nrAtkman. Thla h a bred amonft
the workmen a disposition to "soldier,"
to Increase lost motion, to waste ma
terial, to oppose piece work as a device
a Aya anaaillna nn only tn hs fol
lowed by a reduction in wages propor
tioned to ine increasea earnings ouo
tf tha lnrroncAri arteerl. A reneral feel
ing of suspicion among workmen fol-
I lowed upon every proposition that
-a. e.m tha amniovar.
Where a permanent force of work
men Is employed in an industry, the
surest preventive of strikes and the
beat producer of efficiency I a per
manent sliding scale of wages based
on tho selling price of the product.
One of the proudest men who ever
lived was a steel manufacturer who
had operated his plant for twenty
years under such a scale and had
never had a strike. When a new
question arose requiring the price to
be agreed upon. the. management
called the scale committee Into con
ference and the matter was settled.
That firm had scientific management
because it secured the co-operation of
Its workmen. The first requisite for
this was mutual confidence.
Several changes will be necessary
before scientific management can be
generally established. First Is mutual
confidence In place of mutual suspi
cion. The labor unions have been
armies In a state of constant readiness
for war and have been driven to seek
numerical strength in preference to
quality. The inefficient men In their
ranks know they are worth less than
the efficient, and force the efficient to
demand a uniform scale under which
all are paid a deadly average. The
employer says he would pay the effi
cient man all he Is worth which is
above the scale if he were not com
pelled to pay the Inefficient more than
he Is worth. Thus the union's suspi
cion of the employer weighs down Its
best members with the load of Its
worst and blocks the way to economy
In operation.
If they would only believe It, the
efficient members of any union, pro
vided they are In the majority, could
secure all the wag-es they are worth
and make the employer a sincere
friend of the union from selfish mo
tives. Many more unions than now
recognize the advantages In the prac
tice need to Insist on efficiency as a
qualification for membership, shut out
all the Inefficient and base their scale
on what a man can do under economic
management. The union card would
then become a certificate of efficiency
and the nonunion man would work
only in second or third-rate shops. The
union shops would undersell the non
union because of their better manage
ment, and yet would pay higher wages.
When work was scarce, the union men
would first get Jobs.
The Century truly says:
Merit, ability and efficiency will not
lon continue to be unequally yoked with
msdlocrltv and Incompetence. There will
ba two kinds of labor unions. The hlsher
wane always In view of those who know
that they can earn It will powerfully move
them to break the thrall laid upon them
be this short-sighted policy of organized
labor.
A death from cholera In Boston In
crease the prospect of a panic. The
infection seems to come from Naples,
where by-!ene Is unknown and pov
erty universal. Queer, Is It not, that
social misery in Italy should threaten
America with a cholera epidemic? It
Is queer, perhaps, but Inevitable. Long
ago a great economist wrote that no
man llveth unto himself and no man
dieth unto himself.
"Repairs to Goddess of Liberty"
may become a regular item In the
expenses of the Army in New Tork.
Even though made of bronie, the fair
lady shows the wear and tear of time,
as do other fair ladles who have
graced less lofty pedestal. The Na
tion should gladly bear the expense,
lest neglect of the symbol be taken
to imply neglect of the thing sirnlfled.
It 1 a pity that nobody asked the
name of the fisherman who went to
the rescue of the sinking; steamer
Samson last Saturday. Fame ought
not to overlook him, nor should his
deed be forgotten. The Carnegie hero
prizes are for such as he. Are heroes
so common among us that we forget to
honor them, or Is gratitude at ebb tide
during the dog days?
Notice should be sent the Mexican
liberal that the time limit has been
called on Mexican revolutions, the
curtain has been rung down and Haytl
now holds the stage. Interest In one
revolution cannot be sustained over
six months and the gentlemen with
names like our favorlto brands of
cigars are requested to subside.
Any person who ha money enough
can start a revolution nowadays. The
discharged warriors of the Mexican
revolution are about to transfer their
energies to Portugal. There are
enough soldiers of fortune on the
market to keep one revolution going
constantly.
Thia w&ther will breed forest fires
am mnkv atmosDhere. and the rains
will follow to clear the air. All of
which Is according to the .programme
of Nature. Why grumble?
ft-. a ova a bfl tlma to
X 119 UUB V." J "
bring Presidential booms into the sun
light, especially when tney are so
tvoo-ii. o rar field's. The heat Is too
fierce and they wilt and die.
rt ...mild he Interestinr to know
how many straw votes have been con
firmed by the actual result. 8o many
of them depend on the selection of
the straws.
v. . T.tAn h Alomttira iiM.
sor, "winds up his long career In office
with a sentence of eight years In San
tuenun. ici znuy jvune "
be ambitious to get into politics.
i
The dissension - among the 'British
Unionists appears to hinge on 'the
araaiar nueatlon whether it is better
to have the Lords shot or hanged.
n Hn. r,t "wet" state will re
ceive the hearty approval of the pro
hibitionists, mat is ine state wnera
water Is put on the land.
Beginning to harvest a banner crop
of wheat, oats and barley, the Inland
Empire has no time to listen to croak
ers and agitators.
No Tarty seems to be Immune from
the muckrake. It even strike the
Portland socialists.
Twenty cents offered for 1909 hops
means that any old crop Ms worth
money this year.
If Chief Slover wants to keep down
the Sunday lid, he should keep down
the mercury.
-ft i-Q a warm in dear old London.
too, especially around the House of
Commons.
Tjt nohorlv deride the south -wind
and Us kindred from the southwest
quarter.
Gleanings of the Day
James J. Walsh, in Harper's, reminds
the world that the Irish brogue is much
like the English of Shakespeare's day.
The belief Is that the pronunciation of
the sixteenth century has survived in
Ireland, but died out In England. Says
the Springfield Republican:
Similar survivals are found to a limited ex
tent In the rural speech of New England,
and It Is well known that Canadian French
prezervea not a few archalo traits. Just as
French, and still more Spanish and Portu
guese, reflect an older type of Latin than
Italian. Colonies are apt to be conserva
tive. Several attampta hava been made In
England to secure a performance of Shake
apeara In the reconstructed English of
Shakespeare's day, but tha proposal of such
lines as 'Oh ma prophetic sowl, me ooncle,"
has been rather staggering.
On the same principle the short "a"
in "can't," as pronounced in America,
may have been a survival of the pro
nunciation which the rilgrim fathers
brought from England, while the long
"a" used in England may have been a
French importation in the days of the
Stuarts, who filled their courts with
Frenchmen. Courts, capitals and fash
ionable society are far more apt to
modify a language than the general
mass of the people. One has but to go
to a remote section of England to hear
Anglo-Saxon words which have sur
vived there for centuries after they
have become obsolete in popnlous cen
ters Infant mortality during the recent
hot spell in New Tork has not been so
great during the last hot spell as in
former years. This is due to the in
creasing efficiency of the publlo and
private efforts made to help save ba
bies. The New Tork Diet Kitchen As
boclatlon has mora than doubled the
work done a year ago. There are now
nine kitchens, which provide for more
than 1100 babies and mothers, besides
consumptives, which brings the total
number cared for up to 2230. The Now
Tork Health Department also teaches
child hygiene to the "little mothers,"
nurses visit tenements and teach moth
ers how to care for children and many
milk stations have been established. A
united effort is being made to keep the
babies alive.
The United States Brewers' Associa
tion, in a circular letter to the news
papers, Implies that prohibition hurts
tbe beer trade but helps . the whisky
trade. It shows that In the year end
ing June 30, 1911. the sales of fermented
liquors were 3,180,993 barrels against
59.4IX.11S In the preceding year, an in
crease of 6-21 per cent. The Internal
revenue receipts from the tax on dis
tilled liquors were 146,9TB,T3S for the
year ending June 30, 1911. against (139,
0&S.951.t0 in the preceding year, an in
crease of 5.66 por cent. These figures in
dicate the sale of 1S3.61J.4S7 gallons of
distilled 'spirits in the year ending June
SO, 1911.
Tha recent report of the Interstate Com
merce Commission indicates that 20,000,000
gallons of whisky are being shipped into
Prohibition territory annually, which prob
ably accounts for much of the Increase In
tha ontpnt of the distilled spirits. No
doubt a good deal of bottled beer Is going
into "dry"' territory, but It Is not enough
to offset the loss of the draft-beer saloon
trade. The beer business Is mainly a city
buslneem, and m ood times a steady in
crease may be counted upon. As a business
barometer, tha beer sales are almost un
failing. The Increase In the beer aales
showa that tbe country is prosperous and
that labor Is In fairly good demand.
The inference is that, when prohibi
tion forces a man to get his stimulant
secretly or to have it shipped from
another state, he buys It in the con
centrated form of whisky containing 50
per cent alcohol rather than the more
diluted form of beer containing 3 to 4
per cent alcohol. Even the most rabid
prohibitionist will admit that a drink
containing 4 per cent alcohol Is less In
jurious than one containing 50 per cent.
Prohibition is. then, aggravating drunk
enness Instead of checking It.
Success of the system of' hiring out
convicts to the oountles as road-builders
Is heralded by the Atlanta Constitution.
There are 111 counties In Georgia work
ing convicts on the roads, and of the
result the Constitution says:
If any American state is hesitating over
the advlHablllty of using her criminals in
the creation of highways. Georgia's experi
ence ought to prove the deciding factor.
Every county has taken convicts, kept
them properly, undergone the slight first
expense, laid out a definite construction
plan and stuck to It has proUted In a ratio
that may be only guessed. The counties
that have been most active and used most
Sray matter have gained the larger divl
nds In enhanced land values. Increase of
desirable population, enhancement of edu
cational, religious and social activities and
general development
Following up the work under his
Immediate Jurisdiction for the more
rigid enforcement of the National
banking law. Controller Murray has
Bent a circular . to all the clearing
houses In the United States suggesting
thorough examination by them of all
the banks In their district More than
half the clearing-houses have replied
agreeing to appoint examiners and the
acceptance of his suggestion is ex
pected to be practically unanimous.
This may be the means of making the
banks watch one another and stop any
dangerous business before it has gone
far.
THE ROXDEli OF RECIPROCITY
Insurgency hath surged, and then re
surged, ,
Mid myriad speeches, spouted, roared
and splurged,
(Annotated with bracketed applause)
By the belligerent makers of the laws;
Nevertheless we see
(What is it?)
Reciprocity. ...
Great barricades against the bill were
built.
Parties were rent, and scrapping, hilt
to hilt.
Cracker-box prophets prophesied, to
. boot.
That Bill was getting off on the wrong
foot;
Nevertheless we' see.
Finally,
Reciprocity.
Serene and confident sat mighty Bill,
Letting opponents buck against his
will,
Til 'neath persiBtent pressure brought
to bear.
Pulverized, squelched, they melted Into
air.
And. yielding finally
Voted for
Reciprocity.
Baffled opponents query now Indeed,
"Upon what meat doth this, our Wil
liam, feed.
That while to throw him down we lay
In wait.
He slipped one over on us, and grew
great?
For lo. Vox Populi,
Belauds his
Reciprocity." Dean Collins.
July 24, 1911.
RT7I.E9 POR THE TJSE OF OtmS.
Writer Proposes Plan to Prevent Hunt
ing Fatalities In the Woods.
PORTLAND, July 24. (To the- Edi
tor.) The recent horrible blunder, not
an accident, by which a Seattle man
shot his hunting companion twice and
was about to shoot him a third time,
demands attention to laws that mean
something against the use of guns.
Here were two men, one a prominent
lawyer, the other a prominent Superior
Judge. They went Into the woods and
counseled each other against accident.
Then by a shocking blunder the worst
occurred.
What Is needed is a oode of rules,
and these should be supplied every
person who buys a license. They should
be pasted on the gun stock and also
printed on the back of the license, and
they should be read to the person buy
ing the license at the time of its pur
chase, and he should be required to
answer certain questions propounded
therein.
The writer sent, two years ago. a
set of rules, and proposed to a member
of the Legislature that they be en
acted into law. He got the promise
only of attention, but no results .This
plan would make It a criminal offense
for any person to be found at large
with a gun without this code of rules,
and the first rule should be, "Never
permit a gun to be pointed toward
yourself or anybody else." I say
neverl Some people cannot get this
rule Into their skulls, with a blow
from a beetle.
The great cause of gun accidents Is
lack of discipline lack of bringing
up, to be plain about it. It is always
found that the major number of acci
dents come from a class of half-bred
people. The law should meet these
people and attempt to make them un
derstand what "yes" and "no" mean,
for they are people who have neve?
found out.
A second rule should be that it Is
a state's prison offense to shoot at any
object without knowing by sight what
it may be. A burglar could be re
quired to throw up his hands, or any
one else, lnstanter. This would apply
to a case of that kind.
To say that we cannot meet this case
By laws Is to say no one is safe at home
or afield, for the simplest illustration
shows too late how "it all happened."
A man starts early in the morning or
evening to the river bank. He sits se
cluded In some place, watching for
game ducks, or what not. An undisci
plined ignoramus comes along In, say,
ten minutes, see something move. Im
agines It might be a rchinosceros,
shoots two or three times and kills a
man more valuable to the world than a
dozen like himself.
Any disciplined hunter may be com
paratively safe to use a gun, but he
must be exposed to the untutored un
less we reach this class by some good
"scary" laws. A. B. HOLLO WAY.
More Abont tbe Water Situation.
PORTLAND, July 24. (To the Ed
itor.) While all of the Portland resi
dents believe that there Is no city In
the country Its equal, there are evils
that slip in unnoticed and are hard to
cure. The water situation In Portland
at present is unjust and works hard
ships on the small user that should be
eliminated. Being all free and equal in
this city the expense of using water
should be so conditioned that each man
pays a Just price for what he uses, no
more and no less.
The present status of unmetered
water shows that an equalization of
payment is Impossible; that many
families are paying for Just water
enough for their household the same
price that many others are paying for
an Immense amount of water for all
purposes, even to waste.
The condition put on the residents
of the city of certain hours for sprink
ling lawns 5 to 8 A. M. is all wrong.
As a matter of fact, every man who
has any pride in his posies and lawn
and there are many In Portland gets
up at 6'o'clock to water his grass and
flowers. What is the result? With
everyone trying to water their lawns
at these particular hours there isn't
enough water to drown a grasshopper
and no one gets any benefit and the
beautiful lawns and flowers of our
Rose City wither and die by misman
agement. No one Is foolish enough to wish to
jeopardize the property of the city In
case of fire by using water that Is
necessary for fire-fighting purposes,
but it appears to the writer that the
first aid to the lawns during this water
shortage Is to district the city and have
a morning and evening sprinkling time.
In this manner the presurre would be
sufficient so that some benefit would
accrue to the man who is paying a big
price for his water for sprinkling pur
poses. The injustice of the flat rate sys
tem is also shown when a rooming
house with 71 rooms, with running
water In every room, four baths and
six toilets, pays about S7.50 per month
for all this water service and the man
with a home with two faucets, bath and
toilet pays 13 per month. Get your
algebra and figure out the percentage
of overcharge on the small user and
more especially when he Is limited as
to hours for his sprinkling and then
doesn't get enough pressure to wet his
whistle. A RESIDENT.
What's Doing tn Oregon Country.
Independence Enterprise.
rr.i . Aftftft n r ram nf 1 ill i a within A
radius of six miles of Independence,
wnlcn will prouueo luia yew, ,& an
well, 25,000 to 80,000 bales, which, from
the present Indications, will sell for
about $1,700,000. There will be paid
out here lor neip uu,uuu, n mo
of workers.
Jefferson Review.
Portland has raised -something over
60 cents toward a $10,000 fund for the
erection of a monument to the memory
of her ex-Fire Chief, David Campbell.
The full amount should have been
raised in a few hours.
Weston Leader.
The Deader is growing desperately
tired of a certain coarse and ribald
Joke that greets its weekly appearance;
but to evolve anything new seems to
be beyond the mental capacity of the
alleged wits. .
Blue Mountain American.
George Brewln sued Ed Welch in the
Justice Court at Prairie City last week.
The amount involved was $1.75. Brewln
thot h ffavp that amount to
Welch to buy grub with and he failed
to account for either the gurb or coin.
W W Wood appeared for plaintiff and
J E. Marks for defendant. A Jury heard
the evidence and disagreed, ana an
other Jury was called and heard the
evidence and they disagreed. Then the
parties got together and agreed to each
pay half the costs and quit. The par
ties were in about $100 each. And they
say Justice don't amount to much. The
chances are if the parties of the aot.or.
had not been represented with pretty
good lawyers they would have tried H
again, then appealed to the Circuit
Court, and from there gone to the Su
preme Court, and after ab;ut six years
get a long-winded opinion by the Su
preme Court giving the boys a new
start by ordering a new trial in the
Circuit Court,
Burdens of the Rich.
Popular Magazine.
John D. Rockefeller has been toldiby
his physicians that he must play golf,
exercise frequently, and get a lot of
fresh air if he wants to prolong his
life. J. Pierpont Morgan has been In
formed by the doctors that, in order to
live, he must take no exercise what
ever. The rumor is that Morgan paid
the larger fee for the orders he got.
Advertising Talks
By William C Freemam.
The Kevranee (111.) Boiler Company
Is doing some very effective, Intelligent
advertising in newspapers.
Time was when a boiler company (if
It did any advertising at all) would
confine Its publicity to trade publica
tions and circular letters to possible
purchasers.
But in these days the moat effective
medium of publicity ta the dally news
paper, and manufacturers of all com
modities are beginning to realize this
fact.
The advertising copy put out by the
Kewanee Boiler Company is directed
to people who rent houses, apartments
or offices. It sets forth the merits of
the Kewanee boiler In a plain, matter-of-fact,
understandable way, and sug
gests the advisability of investigating
the boiler room before signing a lease.
The distribution of garbage is a seri
ous matter in all municipalities, as
garbage is a great disease breeder.
The Kewanee Boiler Co. treats on
this subject In some of Its advertising
tells how necessary it is for health
that all garbage be disposed of quickly
and thoroughly the effect It has on
the death rate, particularly among
babies; and then Incidentally calls the
readers' attention to the garbage burn
er It manufactures, its good points,
etc-, and gives reasons why it should
be Installed.
Advertising of this character, mak
ing a direct appeal to all the people
through the dally newspapers, will sell
anything from boilers, tanks and gar
bage burners down to a paper of pins.
The Kewanee Company use no techni
calities in their advertising copy it Is
not written over the people's heads;
and their whole campaign Illustrates
the effectiveness of plain statements
of fact, In language that everybody can
nnderatand.
(To be continued.)
Country Town Sayings by Ed Howe
(Copyright, 1911. by Qaorga M-s.ttb.ew
Adame.)
When a man Is punished for WTong
dolng, he usually claims he was an in
nocent bystander.
Don't tell a good story, even though
you know one; Its narration will re
mind your hearers of a bad one.
A man was abusing a doctor. "He
couldn't squeeze a boll for me," the
man said.
It la always funny to hear a man
attempt to say nice things about his
opposition; it is nearly as funny as to
see a stingy man try to be liberal.
"I am becoming mighty tired of it,'
you often hear people say. But what
can the poor wretches do?
I have noticed that merchants who
live over their store usually do wolL
I admire a man with a little enthusi
asm. Plague take a man who Is cold
and lifeless as a mackerel after it has
been in brine two or three years.
Which would you rather be, a pall
bearer or a Juryman?
I have often wondered if the man
who takes up the collections at church,
puts in anything himself.
After the average man reaches
thirty, he gives up hoping for an easy
time, and gets aown to wurn.
Half a Century Ago
(From The Oregonlan, July 25, 1861.)
Sand Springs, July 19. The pony
with dates to July 20 arrived here at
half past 8 o'clock this even'ng, bring
ing advices for the Sacramento Union.
(Hero follows dispatches of the Civil
War.)
Hardly a day passes that we do not
hear compla-nts made by teamsters and
other travelers who have had occasion
to paes over the bridges on the road
south of this city. The attention of the
proper authorities has been repeatedly
called to their dangerous condition:
but up to the present time the evil has
not been remedied.
Thirty-two thousand dollars In gold
was shipped on tho steamer Cortos for
San Francisco. It was mostly In bars.
The duet had been assayed and run Into
bars at the assaying office of Q.
Cother Rogin in this city.
There was an examination of the
students of the Willamette Institute at
Salem last week. The results were
greatly creditable to the students and
the institution.
The first overland mail should reach
Sacramento on the 17th or 18th.
Brad's Bit o' Verse
(Copyright by W. D. Meng-)
The men of the land of Shinar toiled
In the clay and slime, with never a
thought of the glory that dwell In the
heights sublime; busy with soil snd
furnace, content with their sordid
gain, their eyes were never uplifted
from the stretch of the level plain.
But the builders of dreams looked
higher; for in mortar and mud and
soil they could read a mystic meaning
apart from the drudge of toll. And they
said. "We will build a city, and Its
tower will reach the sky; we will
mount to heaven's portals and taste of
the power on high." Baffled, confused
and scattered, their tower to ruins fell;
but they of the heavenly dreaming
knew they had builded well. They had
caught a radiant vision unseen on the
plains below a promise to all the
ages, a fire of diviner glow. And the
sons of the men of Shinar toll on the
plain today, with never a thought that
rises above the slime and the clay.
Busy with sordid gaining, content with
the things that he, they scoff at the
radiant visions and the thoughts that
make men free. But the sons of the
dreaming builders, oft cursed by the
great world's ban, still pierce the
clouds of the future with dreams of a
better plan. They are the men who
venture to sail uncharted seas: they
are the men of the vanguard in the
march of the centuries; they are the
seers and dreamers, scattered and
downward hurled, yet flaunting their
truth-wrought banners in the face of
a hostile world. And because they have
seen the vision, and because they have
dared to climb, thelr's is the laurel of
dared to climb, theirs is the laurel of
time.
The Best Play In English.
William Winter In the Century.
Viewed exclusively as a dramatic
fabric, "Othello" is not only the best
of Shakespeare's plays but the besl
play in the English language. No story
could be more simple, direct, fluent and
elementally tragic, but with what mar
velous skill the poet has told it, with
what ingenuity of invention, with what
vibrant vitality of continuous action,
with what ample and superb drawing
of character, what prodigious volume
of feeling, what tumult of surging and
conflicting passion, and what perlao
tlon of poetic stylel