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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (July 18, 1911)
TIIE MORNING OREGOXIAX, TUESDAY, JTJLY 18. 1911. (Dmnmtnit FORT LA. D. oaxoox. lnteaat at PoM'and. Orefoa roataftlea oa4-:aa MllW. lubacriausa Hatan taaartably la i4w IBI MAIL.) rarr. fulr lneiude.4. en raer. I -a. . a. Suiflar tnciuaal. an maathe..... ".if. liuaday lnci'4iS. I ft rM mnatha. i.ir. aund lacivaad. ana arall. aa.y. .t'Aaul Sunday, oaa yaa.r...... Ci.y. without tfuadir. a. a mont.la.... 11 t. without SunUaj. on moata.. aeaaly. ana yaar . UB'1, .1. MT. Sunday aa4 Waaa.:y. on. year S.3i . J.IJ . . 1 . XM (BT CARRIER.) rn::y. Suaaay tnriude!. yaar Ua r. Sunday lnciuici. one monfh.....' tta aa kWaalt eVand I'oetoltice anonay sraar. eaaraaa arvar or parawaaj Cher an reir local bank, atanipe. caia ar currency ara at ih aaadere r.- Gi noatofticn adereae la fu.l Inrluuicn eointy aid etate- foalaaa Ralaa la la 14 pacaa. 1 can I: 1 t a naea. i eanta: lo IS a pas'. canla; ta eases. 4 canta, Faraisa aoetese AoaKa ral. f aatem Bneaaeaei Offlraa Varre A Cona ln Tor a. Hrauakl balldmg- Chl a. r'efaa b ilMina;. roRiuxo. tv:stat. JVI.T is. Mil. ROOSEVELT OX MR. TAIT. The fame of Mr. Sidney Brooks as Journalist haa not penetrated the fastnesses of the far Northwest with sufficient thoroughness to make It generally known whether he Is aa Englishman or an American. But It Is known that he contributes Illumina tive articles on Knglish affairs to Harper's Weekly and other periodicals of light and leading, and It Is now further known that the latchstrlng at Oyster Bay is always out for him. Mr. Brooks has an article on Roose velt In the current number of Har pers Weekly that Is the product of aeveral visits to that Illustrious clti sen acd that la the latest and perhaps the best word contributed on the In tentions", ambitions. purposes and status of the man In whom no Ameri can has ceased to be Interested. Mr. Brooks has much to say about the unique Roosevelt personally and bout his daily life, habits and out look; and then he gets around to the leUcale subject of Cwlonel Roosevelt's rhoughts about the Presidency and about his successor. He la careful to make It clear that he "alone Is to be held responsible" yet he uses "as nearly as possible Mr. Roosevelt's Ip ylsslma verba." which Is the elegant Hrwkt manner of saying that he uses hts very words. "In the ordinary sense of the word." says Mr. Brooks, "Mr. Roevelt Is not and does not expect to be a candidate for President." He Is satisfied with his record. He Is happy In his home life. He thorough ly enjoys his Journalistic work. He cannot hunt up delegates, maneuver for a nomination, conciliate this polltl. cal Interest or that, make promises or pledges In other words, play the jame. The statement continues: On th. ether hand, ha does aat feal hlm lf la any way debarred from arrapure naihtr a.mlaa-.lnn. Hut tha Domination. I gather thousH aa Is Iha laat man to pat It abruptly naaal eeak him: ba will not .a it. if anma tim t i i -. - m ansa sad tha A mart can people were, to take It lnr tn.tr heads that ha. and ha alette, tonld handle It ta th.ir satisfaction: If aoma b: Job rlamortng to b dona ft. If acme (raal National rrlsla war and popular opinion potntad uamtatakanlr and OTarwha:rnlnsly to Mr. Konayyalt aa tha man to do It than tha as-Pratdnt would Ka w-tlllna to antar tha raca for tha W'hlta Itauaa enra mora. But H tnnat aa a Na tional and not m-raiy a party amarsattry. Mr. RooaTaIt wilt not in acc.pt an other nomination wiar-ly ta f -t t. ttaaa Iicaos out of a hota or aava thara from ha tec pnahad Into ana. Only a rail from pra.tlca:iy tha whoia country will again crag aim tnto tha Prestdamlal arena, and tsa praapacte of sttch a ra!l coming to him ha rasarda. not tndead aa tnconcalvabla ar Imp-aaihla. but aa la tae h'Stiaat dasrea Improbable. The prospects of such a call coming to Mm are Indeed In the highest de sree Improbable. If a grave National crista should arise. If a foreign war thould impend. If a startling political revolution should break out. If any peril common to all citizens should threaten. It la not likely that the country would turn en masse to Colo nel Roosevelt: but It would In all probability place lta dependence on that Incumbent of the President's rhalr who had shown himself by his patriotism, his coolness, his Judgment nd his record, to be fit for respon sibility. Of course these things are obvious to Colonel Roosvelt. and what he says, or rather Mr. Brooks says for him. may be looked upon as merely Interesting as speculation and as disclosing his frame of mind. Mr. Roosevelt Is perfectly conscious that If he had remained abroad he would have been In a vsstly better po sition politically. He knew it then, but he wanted to come home, and home he came. Continues the Brooks account: Salic noma an!n. Undine tha Rrpahllran party which ha had committad ta his auc caaa.r la tha full Bulk of atrnth and victory now prokan. and dlarralllad. tola potlctaa dlarafardad. and hla frtanrts out of fayor with tha Artminlatrmtlon nnd without a laadar. and finding a:ao a claar call from hla awn stata la flfht for political purity and popular rola. ha plung.4. aa ha could not help doing. Into tha tuuk of tha atrug gla. Like Paary at tha pola, thara waa only path open to him. and ha took It. liut tisdarstandings. Tha Republican iniurg.nt. . rouid sot snriarstacd why h did not coma out with a flat-footed lapudlatloa of Mr. Taft and all hla works, ilr Tafi a friends rhargad him with dlalovalty nod Ingmtl tnda bacauaa ha found llttla or nothing to aay In tha Praaldant favor. Tha Taat t.lougat him n ra.olutlonary and tha W.at a rather ttrald conaarvatlta. It may be fairly asked how Mr. Roosevelt's course benefited himself or the Republican party, or the country, bat It's done, and there's an end on It. That Is clearly his view, and we'll let It go at that. But here Is more In teresting matter: Tha situation today ta not .ea-ntlal.y dlf farant. Vtr. Rooaaa-lt la atlll frankly dla appotntad rn Mr. Taft. Ka choso him for t . Froatd-ncy. not aa tha tdaaily bat man. hut aa tha b-at man avaiiabla. Ha knaw t much ef Human nature and of politic lo axpact n cartaln continuity both In policy and la paraona-l. la nattbar respact has ha naan gratlflacl. Both tha Rooaavalt Caa Inat and tha Ronava:t pollcica hava baan ahaclonad. and Mr. Tafia wnola conduct of si office haa forrad tha e-Praarianl to rorfaaa to a derided error of JuJgmant ta aalactlag him aa hi aucceaaor. Hut whlta ia awr.s to having b n tniatakaa In M. Taft. ta nut of aympathy with hla Cablnat and his policy, and rvgarda him. Ilka Iha raat of Amartca. aa a parplexlng faltura. h la not to ba rackonad aa aatl-Tafl man. Wh9ttmv ha Sad anything- In tha Preal Sant's prograrrtma that h can alncaraly aup port. ha supports It. Thus ba baa publicly approvad Mr. Taft's action In prumollna ra.-:prcctty. la craatlng a tariff board and In deepatrhtag AmaMcaa troop, to th Max lenn bardar. hlr. Kaaaayalt. It la always worth r mam baring. l a good Rapubllcaa. and party saatltnant anj loyalty aporat upon htm a powerfully as eter. Much may be forgiven Mr. Brooks, avho ha lived for many days within the radius of the Roosevelt Influence, for taking the Roosevelt view; but It ought to be said that the "rest of America" does, not regard Mr. Taft as a "perplexing failure." We should say aiao that If that Is Mr. Roosevelt's opinion. It would be better for him to say ao outright, and get It off hla mind, and wash his hands utterly of all responalbtllty for Taft. Is he silent because he Is a "good Republican" and believes he haa a duty as a Re publican to protect a Republican JTsaldent? Perhaps. Or because he Is embarrassed by his previous spon snrshlp for Mr. Taft and has not the will or the wish now to repudiate him and to acknowledge his own blunder In doing no much to make him Presl dent? Perhaps also. It Is an awk ward position for the ex-Fresldent. But It lii a situation that Is simplicity Itself compared with the dilemma that will arise at Oyster Bay next year when Mr. Taft shall be renominated, MR. BRTAX TO TO IU3KTE. Mr. Bryan has met the difficulty In volved In the direct election amend ment by the good old method of eva slon. The question which perplexes the Senate la this: "Shall there be Fed ral control over the election of Fed eral Senators, or ahall there not?" The resolution for the amendment as It came up from the House took away Federal control, or seemed to do so. In reality. Congress will always have authority to regulate the elections of Its members as long as It remains the sole Judge of their elections, qualifi cations and returns. But the resolu tion on Its face seemed to Impair this authority, and therefore Mr. Brlstow submitted an amendment to It restor ing the original language of the Con stitution. Over this point the battle rages, and the direct election of Sena tors may be delayed a ttnt years in consequence. Sow comes Mr. Bryan with a compromise. Inasmuch as the Constitution Is said by many great au thorities to bo a bundle of compro mises, the addition of one more ought not to frighten anybody, if It is desira ble on other accounts. Mr. Bryan suggests that the method of electing Senator be left entirely to the different states to settle for them selves. If a state prefers the present way. well and good. Let It follow the present way. If a state wishes to try popular election. Insert a clause In the Constitution giving It permission to do so. This Is Mr. Bryan's suggestion, and In some respects -it seems to be rather a happy one. It discreetly shuns the subject of Federal control and It gives formal legality to hat Is already being done. Perhaps half the states have popular elections of Sen ators In all but name. In roost of the Southern States the subject la settled at party primaries by popular vote. In Oregon II Is decided according to the rule of Statement No. 1. Other states are showing signs of following Ore gon's example, whether for good or III. As a simple matter of practice, we shall have popular elections of Sena tors almost everywhere within a few years whether the Constitution is amended or not. but It does look better to obey that venerable document when we can conveniently do ao, and there la at least an esthetic propriety In amending It to conform to the usage of the country. Mr. Bryan's compromise would break up such uniformity as there Is In the present practice, but since there Is not a great deal we need not make much ado over that. Those who love rules and dislike exceptions will not - - approve of Mr. Bryan's plan. Those think more of the substance than . " ' " . .,,,. , of the form will be Inclined to gle It respectful consideration. rnoi-KHA. The appearance of cholera at Atlan tic Coast ports need cause no alarm. In view of the thorough quarantine and the Isolation of the patients until all danger of their transmitting the In fectlon has passed. Like other epi demic diseases, cholera thrives in' ig norance and filth. It no sooner ap pears in a country where strict laws protect the public healyi and wnere the habits of the people are generally cleanly than It Is stamped out. There were cholera epidemics in this coun try and Europe nearly a century ago, but medical science has since pro gressed so far that the disease has no opportunity to become epidemic. The home of cholera Is In the warm damp soli of India and China, and It often appears in the Nile delta, but long drought kills It. The admitted cause is the comma bacillus, which waa discovered by Dr. Robert Koch the Herman bacteriologist. The comma bacilli are so small that 30.000.000 of them weigh only a milligram and live in temperatures ranging from 15 be low to 104 above xero. The bacilli cannot live In the atomach. but over eating carries them In great numbers Into the Intestines, where they quickly prove fatal. Hence deaths are more numerous on Monday and Tuesday as the result of Sunday feasting. Cholera Is most frequent In the val leys of the Ganges in India and of the Tang-tse in China. It originated in those countries many centuries before Christ, as shown by Sanskrit writings and did not migrate thence for 1400 years. It was carried Into Western Asia by the pilgrims to Mecca, but did not reach Western Kurope until laso. when the Russians carried it from India through couriers and stage coaches. The epidemic in that year waa serious, but the most deadly sub- sequent outbreaks have been In China. India and Russia, where It recurs al most annually. The most dangerous recent outbreak of cholera occurred In 1J92. when the disease started from India, traveled through the Khyber Pas to the Af ghan cities and continued westward along the caravan routes to Merv, and thence to Persia, Thence It crossed the Caspian Sea to Astrakhan, trav eled up the River Volga to NIshni Novgorod and spread from that city of fairs to Moscow, St. Petersburg and the Baltic Sea. Russians distributed It over Kurope. and as they were then emigrating In large numbers to the United States, they carried It to tho United States. It reached New York on emigrant atearaera and only the strictest quarantine checked its prog ress beyond that city. The admission of Immigrants was stopped until the disease was stamped out. The disease broke out again In Europe In IMS and 1194. but a strict quarantine shut it out of the United States. A terrible epidemic of cholera raged In Russia in 1110. when there were 1T0.3SS cases and 77.4 death. The recurrence of these epidemics Is due to the apathy of the government and tha opposition of the people to sani tary reform. Of 10S1 cltlea In the Russian empire only 112 have a public water supply and thirty-five sewerage systems. Russia Is the halfway house from which the disease on lta way from Asia Invades Europe. In ltlO It transmitted cholera to Ausstria and Italy and the epidemic became serious In several parts of Italy and caused many deaths. It waa ao alarming at Naples that that city "was for a time dropped aa a port of call by steamers. The news of a cholera scare In the East takes back a couple of centuries to the days when hygienic precautions were few and uncertain. Under mod em conditions of cleanliness and gen eral attention to food and bodily hy- I glene, an old-fashioned cholera epi demic would be Impossible. Even In India, tha home of filth and cholera, the British officers, who live decently, are seldom attacked. Of course quar antine should not be neglected, but Immunity from cholera really Implies little more than bathing and clean, well-cooked food. LET IS HATE MORE LIGHT. Probably Mr. Parklson will ex plain, when he gets around to it. that he signed those referendum petitions twice In a moment of temporary aber ration, or that one or the other signa ture Is a forgery, or that he made an entirely innocent mistake. It Is really Immaterial, for the matter la not so Important as some of our university friends appear to think. "It la only one bogus signature in a total of 8000 falsa signatures. It may be a little more difficult to ahow that the 7 remaining names are not genuine. But there Is a phase of this referen dum matter that Mr. Parklson can throw a flood of light upon. That Is, the source or sources from which came tha money to hold up the unl verslty bills. Who furnished the funds? To whom were they furnished? How much did Parklson get, if any? Did he turn all he received Into the pot for the payment of petltlon-shov- ers? Or was he employed by certain unknown Interests to take charge of the campaign against the university? It was probably not unlawful for Parklson or anybody to be the paid manager of the referendum promoters We are not prepared to say It ought to have been. It was not unlawful for the petition-makers to get so much per name; but It ought to be made un lawful. If it shall not be, law-making and law-breaking by the Initiative and referendum will be reduced to the sordid basis of dollars and cents for the unscrupulous hirelings who are In the petition business solely for what they can make out of it. A few words of explanation and apology are due from Mr. Parkison FROM WOXDER TO LAW. Famous aa the Davenport brothers were a generation ago for their mys terious power over the world of splr Its, they ar now almost forgotten The fame of a wizard la as transitory aa that of an actor or a politician. The death of one of the Davenports passed the other day with scarcely a comment. It waa ohronicled In the newspapers, and that waa all. He had outlived hla reputation and came pretty near outliving the faith of which he wns onre a distinguished apostle. No doubt there are still people who be lleve In special Providences and others who trust In messages from the world of the departed. We read of signs and wonders In the dally papers and occa sionally there Is A person who takes them seriously, but the ordinary reader passes on with a smile to the baseball scores and the latest aviation accident or triumph. The world ta losing Its Interest in the occult. The scientific, the law-abiding phenomena, have be come so numerous and fascinating that we no longer need to call spirits from the vasty deep to keep our Inter. est at the boiling point. - It "bolls all the time from causes less dark and dubious. The confidence which men gave to ghosts and ghost seers a few years ago they now give to scientific law. When a person feels the need of aid in his enterprises he does not call upon the spirits to Impart counsel or remove ob stacles. He turns to the man of sci ence, describes what he wants and asks him to Invent it. Usually the demand Is met without serious difficulty. Bel ence haa so far more than done what the world has required of It. We have had more difficulty In finding out what to ask than the men of the laboratory and crucible have had in supplying our wants. The truth of the matter seems to be that the world found that the occult powers promised somewhat more than they could fulfill. They were a little unreliable when the pinch came. To put the case strongly, what practical men really depend upon In their enterprises is the uni formity of nature's known laws. If they draw upon their imaginations and picture future developments, the ground upon which they build is the probable discovery of new laws. The supernatural does not enter their thoughts or figure in their plans. The mind of the common man has changed a little also In regard to tho interpretation of wonders. The time waa when any unusual event such as the San Francisco earthquake or the performances of the little Harps boy were Immediately referred to the world of spirits. It would have been said of the great earthquake that the Al mighty had sent it to punish some body for his sins. Tho fact that Jesus put this method out of court 2000 years ago would have made no differ ence. hen the disciples asked him whose sin It was that occasioned the collapse of the Slloam tower, he an swered brusquely that it had happened for nobody's sin. A certain Seattle preacher did explain the San Fran cisco earthquake as a punishment for the shortcomings of the Inhabitants. but he waa laughed at. Nothing more. The world has got beyond that. When we hear of a marvel nowadays we at once ask for the natural cause of It, The supernatural Is not Invoked. The vast majority of men . are perfectly certain that, no matter what happens, if . we . search long and diligently enough we shall find the natural se quence of events from which It " re sulted. Wonders such as the old Davenport group performed and the manifesta tions of Eusapla Palladlno still cause people of a certain degree of Intelli gence to stare and gape, but th sane and sober citizen waits for the expose, which has always been sure to come. On the other hand. Intelligent men do not dogmatise about the super natural. They do not commit them selves to the Indefensible proposition that the laws of nature cannot be al tered, that mlraclea cannot happen, and so on. It Is safe to say that none of us ever have known the laws of na ture to be amended, and that we never have seen' a miracle happen. Farther than thla th well-balanced mind will I not try to push conclusions. An al leged miracle Is a matter of evidence purely. If the evidence advanced to prove it ia sufficient, we must believe it. Nor la It wise to assume that all the laws of nature have been discov ered and tha books ciosea. xne chances ar that new laws mill be brought to light rapidly within the next few years. The discovery of ra diant matter haa opened a new world to science, and where lta paths will lead It would b Insane to try' to pre dict. It is certain, however, that the old distinction between matter and spirit Is vanishing. No man of science would think of laying down flatly just where matter ends and spirit begins. Per haps they are Identical. The natural continually encroaches on the domain of the supernatural. The miracles of yesterday are the routine events of to day. The progress of science has been going on In an accelerated ratio during the last century. More has been learned of nature since the American Revolution than in all the time that preceded it. More will be learned In the next fifty years than in the last thousand. People who have the good fortune to live In this age of wonders ought to be thankful for their blessings. "Why didn't she stop me," plteously or Impudently asks the former nurse and companion of Mrs. S. B. Armour, of Kansas City, when acknowledging the theft of enormous sums of money from her mistress. A baby plea, .in deed, utterly contemptible in Its eva sion of personal responsibility. Tet after all Is there not something in It? Where was Mrs. Armour's sense of moral responsibility when she left her purse literally open to her hand maiden and did not require an ac counting? She haa arraigned her servant upon the charge of stealing S142.000 from her during a term of service covering several years. Waa the mistress asleep all this time? Or waa she simply too Indolent to super vise the expenses of her household? Did she not, in permitting this enor mous peculation to go on under her very eyes, show herself a derelict In her duty as a mistress, even as her servant showed herself derelict In her position? Of course this Is no excuse In law for the thieving servitor, but It shows clearly a divided responsibility which puts the more responsible party In the case upon her own defense in a moral sense while the less respon sible is made to face the legal phase of the question. Mrs. Keppel. otherwise known as the "friend of the late King Edward," has certainly shown more than ques tionable taste In "the ostentatious re tirement and more than widow's mourning" which she has indulged since the death of the King. It Is not ed that she left London at once, lived for months in. strict retirement in Paris, and then left for a prolonged tour of the Far East. Late this Au tumn, it is said, she will again be seen in London. Queen-Mother Alex andra, one of the few women who have known howr to keep discreet and pro found silence under marital slights and troubles, will no doubt ignore, as she did In the King's lifetime, the woman who ha presumed to mourn wlth her the death of her husband, as will also King Oeorge and Queen Mary. It Is easy to see, therefore, that the ex tremely delicate problem of "the late King's friend" will be difficult to solve (n London society. One can readily imagine, however, that she is a woman whose sensibilities are not easily shocked. Otherwise, having sought retirement upon the death of King Edward, she -would have re mained In seclusion at least as far as a return to London goes during the remainder of her natural life. Why any parent desires to take, and does take, an infantto the theater or to church passes the comprehension, not only . of the childless but of sensi ble and humane, parents, who hesitate long before Inflicting Intolerable weariness upon a child and are ordi narily considerate of other people. Yet It seems that the Chief of Police of San Francisco was recently an offen der in this way against his own off spring, the rights of an audience that had paid to hear Ethel Barrymore and the actress herself. When asked to retire the disturbing element he at first refused, but finally compiled Otherwise Miss Barrymore would have: left the stage. The folly and ob duracy of the peace officer upon this occasion furnished additional proof of the fact that many reople "who are considerate and sensible in other ways are both Inconsiderate and foolish where their children are concerned. As regularly aa Summer comes around, certain cltlea investigate their ice combines. When the weather grows cool, the Investigation dies, to be revived In Winter as an lnvestlga tion of the coal combine. The result Ih usually the payment of some fees to witnesses and grand Jurors and some fleeting glory for the District Attor ney. The purchase of dock sites at San Francisco by a Trans-Atlantic steam ship line to operate through the Pan ama Caal Is the forerunner of many which will land at various Pacific ports. Portland must be on th alert to get her share of this business, which should come to the port to which the largest area of rich undeveloped land is tributary. If the newly-rich newly-weds desire a new way to spend their money, let them have a moving picture machine in continuous operation from the time the baby opens his mouth for his first souawk until he opens it to say will" as he holds the hand of the bride. blushing or otherwise. Old Yamhill, with records of the best of almost all products of the soil. has added new laurels made of eight-foot vetch. Yamhill will con tinue to be all right. If the real estate men never spoil her. That young woman, handsome, ac complished and backed by Yerkes' mil lions. Is a thoroughbred from Old Kentucky and that ia the reason she was able to break into Buckingham Palace. Tha man who got rid of 2S60.000 in three years leas than a generation ago has Just died in poverty, ret many oung men "wishing for riches would follow his example. Portland is becoming so accustomed to temperature above 90 degrees that. If It should fall as low as 80, it would don lta Winter underwear. The best investment made by Mult nomah County the first half of the year was th 1151, 667.24 spent on roads. Indications point to a great crop of huckleberries, but the Indians and the bear are wise to It. The unusual demand for lemons haa none other than hot-weather signifi cance. San Diego Is not far from Los An geles. Why not kidnap Wilde? The optimist weather. never minds the WATERED STOCK GREAT ISSCE. Will Courts Reaard Over-CapltalUatton aa Reasonable' Ia Asked. PORTLAND, July 16. (To the Edi tor.) In referring to the over-capitalization of tho Steel Trust recently The Oregonlan pointed out with great clearness the real trouble. Chairman Gary wants Government control but does he want the Government to pro tect the water In tho stock? In view of the vast ramifications of his same trouble and In view of the recent de cisions of the Supreme Court there is no more important economic question at this time under discussion. How far-rsachlng it is may escape some. The new era in trust matters which began with these decisions has estab lished the principle that the Govern ment must regulate and control, not merely prohibit trusts. Under the "rule of reason" tha main point is. will the courts regard over-capitalization as reasonable? Bines this Is the kernel in the whole matter the ,ooint must be decided sooner or later. Suppose that now that the court has seen fit to In terfere in this matter It should ignore the main point and indirectly at least sanction any load which In this way may be put upon tho shoulders of the people. In view of the enormous amounts of spurious capital' of this kind Is It likely that the people will stand for it? It would seem that Presi dent Taft saw further when he re marked that it (court control of trusts) "might involve the whole Judicial sys tem in disaster. Again, suppose that the courts at tempt to discriminate will they not, as Mr. Taft pointed -out. be Involved in a mBs of detail Impossible for courts to handle? .It would be Interesting, for Instance, to see how the lease by the Steel Trust of the iron ore properties of the Great Northern Railway Com pany would be treated. Under this contract a certain number of tons mnot ho taken out every year and a certain nriee paid. The value of the nronerties thus controlled and in fin a pel in the mercer has been esti mated by aornO above $500,000,000, yet this vast amount does not ngure in the capitalization of the trust. But it would be Interesting to note what would happen if these vast ore deposits were not included in the merger and what effect it would have upon the capitalization or rather earning: power of the trust. How will the courts han- Hlo aiiort airlo matters as this? - But suppose that the courts would really go so far as to exclude honest ly everything but legitimate capital and then proceed to fix a reasonable standard of profit on that. What would happen? The incentive to effienoy would be lost. The maximum profit would be sure to come. The surplus nrohnhlv would be dissipated In some way, and the situation would become inioinranla as a matter of course. so mnrli for court law, but what about the moral law? Is it right to obtain something for nothing in this wholesale way? 1 it not a fact that Bomebody must pay for all this? In the steel merger alone. Including the contract above referred to, the capitali zation will be something like two bil lions, and is it not probable that active capital (labor products used in the production of wealth) will amount to cc. fourth of that total? The same nrinolnla Is oarrled intw everything, small as well as large affairs. Labor and active and competitive business must support the almost mcoacn.aui; large load, and competition becomes too strenuous ana imoieraoie. iu price of life, the terms upon wnicn wie multltudo may support life are that this spurious capital must first receive support. Are these conaiuono .. j.nt mn. rich or poor will care o knowlnniy support? I cannot think A. . MtuaLiiw. Ma-hted Clanra in Streetcara. PORTLAND, July 17. (To the Edi tor.) I have read with mucn sausiac- tion The Oregoniana eaiionai uu mo tobacco nuisance ana inn crui against smoking and chewing oi to bacco In public places. I am glad to scknowieage me grcm service that the atreetcar company has rendered In prohibiting smoking and spitting on the streetcars. Ktlll per sons are permitted to hold lighted cigars and cigarettes In hand Inside the cars, with the disgusting aroma to rise and float through the car to ba inhaled by other passengers. I cannot see the difference, except In the magnitude of the offense, whether a person Is allowed to smoke or the cigar or cigarette is allowed to smoke unassisted. I believe the streetcar company should go a step farther to make this rule effective. In some Eastern cities one sees in the streetcars a notice read ing, "You are not allowed to carry a lighted cigar or cigarette In this car." and if a passenger boards the car with a lighted cigar or cigarette he is po litely requested by the conductor to ex tinguish It. Yours for continued success of the anti-tobacco crusade. L. E. ANDERSON. 150 North Twenty-fourth street. Burdeni on Early Risers. PORTLAND, July 17. (To the Edi tor.) To tha busy men of this city who do rise at an early hour and have various household duties to perform, taking their time until they leave for work, the added burden of using hose in the morning is far from a Joke. It requires the entire time to do any kind of proper irrigation to save the little gardens and lawns we all take pride In so very Justly. It might be possible to allow use of the hose every other night and still keep up the reservoir supply. If this can be don tnere is no reason lor putting a great number of unfortunate users to so much hardship and going beyond all limit. I am certain in the foregoing I voice the sentiments of a mighty big majority of citizens, men and women. Of course those really wasting water should be firmly called to account. In the matter of publio contracts such as pipelines, reservoirs and many other things. It might be a wise idea to cut out all fine and penalty clauses and Insert a clause that all extra time needed on a Job Is left to the dlcretlon and Judgment of the contractor. That la the result anyway and the contracts might as well read so Instead of hav ing foolish and superfluous clauses In them. ROBERT C. WRIGHT. Longest Pastorate. PORTLAND, July 17. (To the Edi tor.) I send you some facts respect ing, perhaps, the longest continuous pastorate of a single church that ever occured In the world. Rev. Robert Frew, D. D.. was in stalled pastor of St. Vivian's United Presbyterian Church, In the city of Stirling, Scotland, In 1S35, and he held that position, and discharged the duties of Pastor, to -the date of his death, which was in August 1910. He there fore, served one church, as its pastor. continuously for a period of 75 years. If this is not the longest pastorate that ever occurred, it certainly is a very long one. Hla successive arrivals at nis autn. 0th and 70th anniversaries were duly celebrated, and In later years he was known throughout Scotland aa tne Father of All the Churches." In 1868 he was given the highest honors that can. come to a rresoyierian minister, being elected Moderator of the Gen eral Synod. Toward the last he waa relieved of some of the details of his duties, but he preached as long as he lived. He was 98 years old at the time of his death, which was a painless, peaceful aleep. LEVI W. MYERS. ssi ut Ajucemr iirita EVILS IX TRAIAIAG THE CHILD Writer Decries Frequent Mawkish and Mollycoddle Methods. PORTLAND. July 13. (To the Edi tor.) The discussion between "A. G. B." and The Oregonian is Interesting and Illuminating. While, no doubt. The Oregonian might have used in some In stances more discreetly chosen words, every thinking adult will agree that its statement of opinion of the fascin ating little creatures who come to us In trailing clouds of glory Is essentially correct. And even A. G. B. will con cede that a darling child may be de signated an Imp without Infringing upon any canons of truth or of pro priety. But we all understand, of course, that it Is our privilege to main tain towards the child the same fine reserve in the expression of opinion which ha displays toward us. Children are spoiled, probably, as of ten by training, so called, as by lack of training. Most parents lack clear ideas of the ends they, seek to attain by training, and the wisest of parents are often sadly puzzled about the best methods to Be pursued In achieving the desired result. A. G. B. refers to the "first principle of guiding children to right action," but unfortunately fails to state what Is this foundation princi ple. He tells us, however, "Teach the child he is our equal-to-be and he will atrive to live up to It," The parent is to hold himself up to the child as its ideal. He Is to tell the child. In effect: "Some day you will be as self-controlled as I am. as tolerant as I am, as slow to bitter words as I am. as just, as merciful, as discreet, as truth ful as I am." Children cannot be deluded thus. The lynx-eyed little critics know the parental shortcomings better than do the parents themselves. But not for worlds would the little diplomats (hy pocrites. If you will), reveal a hint of the voluminous knowledge they have acquired on the subject. One of the most amusing things in life i3 to watch a bright, year-old baby sound ing- his mother and charting he shallows. He will deliberately do mis chief, warily watching mother the while, with what appears to be keen in telligence, but which, alas, may be only cunning. So we see the baby is not nauchty from, innate meanness, always. Stern necessity drives him. He under stands the need of learning accurately the precise degree of truthfulness and firmness possessed by his doting motner. The present sentimental, mawkish mollv-eoddle method of child-training, Ilka manv other evils, has its root In the modern apotheosis of the ego. "Ye shall he as eods." said Satan to our first parents. To our modern parents h. rrown more bold, cries: "Ye are sorts' Rless vou. mv children, ye are gods!" MARION B. CLEVELAND Cow Not Wholly to Blame. PORTLAND. July 16. (To the Edi tor.) In reply to the headline in The Oregonian of July 13, which says that tuberculosis is all "lata to cows, think it but Justice and mercy to public already frightened on that sub ject to say that in a recent study of the disease in the South Sea Islands, visited oneisland which used cocoa- nut milk and had the largest percent age of consumption per capita of any country on earth. Owing to its intense heat, no white man could or ever did live within its borders, so it could not have been communicated in any known way. As a matter of fact, some tneo- ries are necessary la order that we may make progress in science, but they must be pulverized before it is safe or sane to apply them at the Bedsioe. While on the subject of enthusiastic modleal errafters. another branch of robbing the poor, besides permanently inlvirlnff and disfiguring many who cannot be killed with an ax, the value of 60S." otherwise known as saivarsin. might receive a little well-merited at tention. A number of thoughtful, edu cated men, some of whom are teach ers in America, and all of whom have passed their quarter century mam in actual practice, condemn with righteous wrath the exploitation or one oi mo most dangerous serums known to the nrnfession. whose only recommendation lay in Its subtle method of separating the coin rrom Its unsuspecting; vituni. taut, in the language of another: "Our nanr.lt rlearlv love to be humbugged." And so some other fad or fancy will soon epring up to devitalize ana ae lude. collect-on-delivery, the long-suf ferlng people. Itrllglou Liberty Every Day. PORTLAND, Or.. July 14. (To the Editor.) I was vary mucn surprisea to read tin this the JOth century of advancement alone- every line) that article entitled "Work on the Sab bath." What is the writer going to do about what is styled in the article "siir.h outrageous abuse or tne aoc trine of Christ and the baooain.' Thia a an old controversy. I will not nttamnt to prove here which day the Sabbath, as I realize that The Ore gonian was not established to settle rnllirious Questions. sumce i io sm. however, that It certainly is not Sun- dav. So with all respect to tne con scient!ou8 belief of the writer of the rtlcle herein referred to, l wouia merely suggest that he please cease in worrv. for we live In a land where wa have freedom of conscience, and woe be to the city or nation who dis rinrdi this vital principle of liberty. So I hope (for the good of the Nation) that the workman will continue to tear down and build up on any aay iney choose, regardless of the narrow views which some people possess. 1 nope the day will never aawn wnen in is TTnitBci States of America win repu diate this glorious principle which has made our Nation great, nameiy, reu Kious liberty. B GEORGE 8. WORK. "The Hand That Hocka." ASHLAND, Or., July 16. (To the Editor.) Kindly quote correctly and give the author of th quotation, "Th hand that rocks the cradle rules the world." Also, can you give me the cor rect adjective form of "atavism?" "And the hand that rocks the cradle Is the hand that rules the world," is from a poem by William Ross Wallace (1819-1881), and can be found on p. 380 of "Book of Quotations," edited by W Gurney Benham. There are two adjective forms of "atavism," namely, "atavie" and "ata vistic." The latter is more commonly used. Brad's Bit o Verse Aunt Sally Jones is dead at last we ne'er shall see her more; and when I think of how she tolled It makes me tired and sore. I'd like to lead her old man out behind the kindling shed and bruise his frame and spoil his face and punch his tarnal head. She baked and swept and washed and scrubbed from morn till close of day; and then Bhe mended all the clothes and tucked the kids away; she milked the cows and split the wood, she ironed and she churned; no time had she to seek the rest her weary spirit yearned; for even when the Sabbath bells rang out their sweet appeal she had to stay at home and cook the exxtra Sunday meal. The old man knew that she was tired, but felt no great alarm; his sole ambition was to win another neighbor's farm. Hts mules and horses got a rest when they were tired of life, but never did he pause to think of rest for his poor wife. But when at last the toil-worn hands were folded o'er her breast, he ordered up a floral piece. "Dear Mother, Sweetly Rest." a.Cearisht, 1911. by W. D. Meng.) Advertising Talks By William C Freeman. The other day a young German came in to see me about a plan for adver tising a bottle for babies. He secured the patent rights for America from a German manufacturer and he wants to advertise. He has only J5000 that he can spend In advertising. Before he came to see me he had consulted with an advertising agency, and the manager of that agency told him that he mla-ht be able to make an impression with an expenditure of $12,000 In a few newspapers in New York City. " He had about given up the idea of starting an advertising campaign be cause he did not bave fl2,OO0 and he did not know where he could get it. Besides, he did not feel like borrowing f70oo to put Into something that, he was not sure would bring his money bark. We must all remember that while advertising Is good, while It haa con. trihnted to the success of 00 per cent of nil of the businesses thnt have nue ceeded, nevertheless, there Is not one of us who can prophesy to a certainty that advertising is sure to pay. When this young German read of the advertising success of "Tiz" In this column, and how it started with a capital of only 85000, he felt encour aged, a new hope sprang; op. So he came to see me, and this is what I told him: "Your patent, as you explain it, is a good one. If baby can take milk through a nipple that won't collapse. that won't pump him full of air, there by producing colio or stomachache, you can advertise your patent In the most human kind of a way and make your advertising appeal to both mothers and fathers. "1 know what an institution a baby with the colic is at 2 A. M. so does every daddy who has been wakened out of a sound sleep so does every mother who takes care of the baby. "Now, about this J5000 of yours. You could start to advertise In the smaller cities throughout the country, cities like Syracuse, Schenectady, Rochester, Binehamton and Buffalo, In New York state: Detroit, Michigan, Cleve land and Toledo, Ohio. Five thousand dollars will go a. great way in these communities and will give you a larga amount of space in one good newspaper in each city. "Before you get through with these cities, before your money is half gone, unless I am very much mistaken, you will be doing enough business to Jus tify taking up several other cities but get your start In the smaller com munities first. I think they will sup ply you with enough money as a di rect result of your advertising, to en able you to start advertising in most of the cities of tha country In due course of time. Including the centers of big population. "You tell me that you retail this patent of yours for 15 cents and that your margin of profit Is fair. I esti mate that if you sell 500,000 bottles with nipples you can afford to spend 87500 In advertising; If you sell 1,000.- 000 you can afford to spend $15,000; if you can sell 2.000,000 you can afford to spend $30,000, etc. "I do not know how many bottle babies there are In the United States, but there must be at least 6,000,000 of them. I do not know how many bot tles and nipples are used a year by each baby, but I should think two or three, anyway. "If your patent will let the baby enjoy his meal, if it won't give him colic, it is only a question of a couple of years of Intelligent advertising when every mother in the land will want It," My German friend is going to adver tise. He was encouraged to do so just by this little talk. Do you think he will succeed? To' Be Continued. It has been BURgeated that thasa Ad vartiaina; Stories be printed in buok form. 1 am willing to print them if thara la a sufficient demand for them. To print the atorias that have slraadr appeared will require five volumes of about Huu pages each, and they uau be printed to sell for $1.00 per volume. If you would like the five volumes, pleaae send your name and address to William C Freeman, 203 Broadway. Ntw York, and rnu will be notified wben they are ready or delivery. Country Town Sayings by Ed Howe "You old peOjaJe," said a youth to an elderly man, "make marriage look mighty funny to young people." If all the people In-the world should agree to sympathize with a ma... at a certain hour, they coularTi. cure his headache. Watch yourself; in all reasonable probability you don't know any mora than the law allows, and are liable to get Into Berlous trouble. When company calls at a house, the mother hurries her little boy upstairs to wash his face; but before he reaches the parlor his face Is dirty again. Women don t kiss each other as much as they used to. Nor do they kiss the men more; they seem to be learning to get along without it. Many a man who is considered good enough to join in the cheering at a political meeting and walk in a torch light procession. Is not considered good enough for a place on the ticket. Was there ever a man Dig" enough to honestly admire his competitor? And can't seo any reason why a man should do it. The best way is hard enough. When a man goes to another country to 'look around it sometimes indicates that he spent too much time in "look ing around" at home. How the winners plead for harmony! Half a Century Ago From The Oregonian, July 18. 1861. The public school, of this city will begin its Fall term on Monday next. The building has been put In good or der during the vacation. Tha world-renowned Martinetti troupe will give two of their itnerest- J ng perlormances in our city on tna Z3o and 21th Inst. They are to have the I whole number of perrons that played at I Maguire's Opera-House in San Fran- Cisco for 100 nights. This mammoth) establishment Is drawn by 40 horses on ten wagons, making the largest show ever on the Pacific Coast. f The Pacific, which sailed last evenlnj for San Francisco, took as freight 40(1 sacks of flour, 279 sacks of bran. St barrels of butter, 10 boxes of buttel, two boxes of eggs, 10 boxes of cherriel, seven packages of lard, Z3 sacKS t wheat, 19 bales of wool and four rol I of leather. The belief is general that Govern Wallace has been elected In Washing ton Territory as delegate to Congresk, The chief Interest In th election eel tered -upon the choice of delegate.