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PLAT WORDS ANT TRC.
It may b Instructive now to recall
the words of Governor Wcodrow
Wilson at Kansas City on'the initia
tive, and referendum:
If we fait that we ha4 gentlne r.pr
v-ntauva government tn our tafe L-eisia-
ture ao oat would propose th Initiative er
'"rinaua in America. Th most are-nt
and surraeer':! advocates of In Initlanvi
and r.f.randura retard thrra as a al
l'.s means of obtain. nf i(nmni rrprenenta
t:v action oa trie part of tegielatfve bolla
Tier do sot sn.an t art anv-hlna atd.
3 11 maaa te raator and Int.ueaca rather.
We shail hope that the Governor
will repeat. In Oregon, theseo plain
words, or their substance. It may do
rood, for the Initiative and referen
dum In Oregon Is twins; employed for
motives or purposes entirely foreign
to Its true function. Tho Legislature
Is being set aside. It has been de
graded and humiliated. Nothing It
does Is final. It has largely lost Its
representative character. It has
ceased to be directly responsible to
the people. It evades, shifts. dL.sem
Mes. sldeMeps. It has gone down In
rubllo estimation, and It should have
risen, if the Initiative and referendum
were used as it was Intended It
should be.
Posslbly'Governor Wilson will stig
rest to us how through the Initiative
and referendum representative gov
emment In Oregon may be restored,
and properly supported and perma
nently conserved.
WOODROYT IlILSON.
Governor Woodrow A lison Is a fine
peclmen of that type of men who
come to the front la time of unsettled
opinions and changing conditions. In
many respects he reminds one of
Thomas Jefferson, who was Intellectu
ally a son of the French Revolution. lie
has Jefferson's wide outlook and more
than his scholarship. He has the
same marvelous understanding of op
portunity and readiness to seize upon
it. the same contempt for mere tradi
tional Ideas and established formula
No Democrat since the third Presi
dent has brought to his party abilities
so splendid or confronted its future
with hopes so mighty. Educated for
the law and knowing more of that
Intricate science than moat of lta
practitioners, Woodrow Wilson is not
a lawyer, nor has he the narrow pro
fessional view of public questions. At
Johns Hopkins University. . then the
most brilliant seat of higher studies In
the country, he read and specialized In
political science and his doctor's thesis
upon "The State" won him renown
in learned circles, but It never was
the scholarly analysis of theoretical
schemes of government that most at
tracted him. He hungered for real
ity. Ills mind was enamored of the
practical.
Woodrow Wilson brings to politics
n acquaintance with all that man has
tried to do In the past. He knows the
successes an1 the failures of the hu
man race. He has rend the record of
the glorious revolutions that have
ended in tyranny, of the experiments
beginning In enthusiasm that have
trailed out In sordid disaster, of fruit
less victories and martyrs dead In
aln, and In spite of it all bis most
salient trait Is belief In the future.
Nothing daunts his Invincible courage.
Nothing dims his faith In the people.
The little statesman studying the his
tory cf a decade trembles to think
hat will happen If "tho mob" takes
rontrol of the government. Woodrow
Wilson, with all the p.t before him.
Interpreting with sure sense of justice
the record of all the a;es, speaks un
reservedly for democracy. In the rule
nf the people, he tells us. and In noth
ing else we shall seo the aaiv-itten of
the world.
It belittles Woodrow Wilson to
speak of him as a "scholar In poli
tics." His scholarship, masterly as It
Is, stands among his less characteris
tic traits. With the scholar's interest
la the past and his reverence for
the rhott cf hat has been Mr.
Wilson combines a greater Interest In
what la, His sense of rreaer.t reality
Is keen. He has the statesman's grasp
cf current facts and the philosopher's
understanding of what they mean.
We associate the mere scholar with
books la some quiet retreat. The
Governor of New Jersey has proved
that his proper place Is la the turmoil
of living affairs. His short experience
la New Jersey politics has already
demonstrated his amazing practical
skill. He reads the motives of men.
appeals deftly to thMr deeper fee'.lnss
and leads them to do his will. Since
he became a candidate for Governor
there la not a single practical failure
In his score. He has marked up one
success after another, and. better still,
ail his successes have ben triumphs
tor honesty and gooj government.
Nobody thicks of Woo.lrow WI'.on
as an orator. He Is an effective pub
lic speaker, but he has no transcend
ent outbursts. Fuch men as Calhoun
and Ianiel Weheter. If they could re
turn to listen to him. would be puzzled
to exp'.sin his power over au licnees.
Th'-a shows how the world has
charged. People do not care much
la cur dy for storms of verbiage.
They wxr. t the speaker's honest
thought and not his rhetoric." Gov
ernor Wilson has the supreme forensic
gifts of directness, simplicity and sin
cerity. He has the ability to say pre
csely what he means and he alvavs
means precisely what he says. The
New Jersey bosses found this out to
their sorrow after they had made the
colossal blunder1 cf allow. him to
get Ir.to office. They took his pre
election promises for the simple bab
ble of the ordinary scholar In politics.
They discovered too late that his word
was adamant. He takes the public
lr.to his confidence without stint. The
6T of his office stands always open.
?aar are no limits to his candor when
he Is speaking. If he tr President
he might have a state secret now and
then, but he would have none that he
could safely reveal. lilt theory is
that the t ivtrnmeot belongs to the
people and x that they should know
exactly what It Is doing all the time,
lie believes that they should take as
much part In Its actual business as
possible.
Naturally these qualities fit Wood
row WlUon for popularity. He wins
the hearts of all who hear him and
usually convinces their mind. Those
44 I who escape the snare of his logic are
apt to be caught finally by his origi
nality. Nobody else looks at things
quite as he docs. When the lawyers
had persuaded all the rest of us that
corporations w -re living creatures
fully as real as human beings and far
more Important. Governor Wilson
broke Into the magic circle with the
doctrine that they are f.gmonte of the
Imagination. They do nothing and
are nothing apart from the men who
compose them. It is Idle to think of
punl.ihlng a corporation. Ton might
aa well think of punishing a conjunc
tive adverb. The men who fill Its
offices commit the sine which are
charged to the corporation, and it Is
they who should bear the punishment.
Thus Mr. Wilson reasons on this most
vital of public questions and with the
same originality and pungent sense cf
fact he reasons upon even-thing. lie
Is a man who la In tune with his age.
Intellectually alert, with the stars for
pilots, he addresses himself bravely to
sail the seas of democracy, fearless of
wreck, confident of reaching happier
shores than -roan has ever .trod. The
Country loves a courageous captain.
There re no honors which It will
deny him if he proves that his skill Is
equal to his boldness.
TUT, AVEBCB C1TTZ.F"S DILEMMA.
The people of Portland have been
stirred lately as they have not been
for years. They do not want Rush
light fJV Mayor. They fear him. with
good reason. They foresee a demor
alizing era of practical politics with a
city in the hands of unsafe and un
sound leaders of differing Ideas and
varying ambitions, and they purpose
to avoid it.
The proposed nomination of Mr. S!
mon Is acceptable to the average cltl
ten. who Is the taxpaymg citizen ana
carries the conscience of the city In
his bosom. But Simon cannot he
elected If the average cl'.lz'n stays at
home, as he did tA the primary. Nor
can he be elected without preliminary
work. Th men who never sleep on a
political Job are for Rushlight he
thrifty and active follqavs who are In
the game for what It Is worth. They
are busy now and will get busier aa
the days roll on. They have some
thing at stake.
The average citizen has the destiny
of Portland In his hands. The alter
native to the defeat of Simon is Rush
light. That is the situation In Its
most obvious form. The average cltl
sen la up against It and when he is
up against it he usually fights his way
out. . This is the time to fight.
A CCII FROM IOTVA.
The Oregonlan has received from
Mason City. Ia.. a pamphlet on the
parcels post which Is a gem both In
size and substance. It purports to
have Wen written by S. R. Mills and
no doubt the pen was his. but the
voice, alas, sounds like the voice of
Esau, or of the express trust, to be
explicit.
'They do not furnish a single line
of evidence to prove that the express
companies oppose the parcels post.
declares Mr. Mills. Why should
"they" take the trouble when the
companies themselves furnish all that
Is needed? Under a parcels post
goods would be carried for about one
tenth of the price charged by the mo
nopoly. Is It necessary to say more?
The unconscious humor of the little
pamphlet Is exquisite. Would we
could quote It all. Unhappily, there
Is room for only a specimen or two.
Take this for example: "Eleven
pounds of salt costing 11 cents at the
country store would cost 2S cents post
atte to deliver." Sad Indeed. Ilut
how muoh does It cost now? A trip
to the store, which means a day's
work for man and team, worth some
what more than 15 cents, we fancy
And if there were a parcels post tho
farmer could drive to town for the salt
If he wished.
Here is another: "They do not tell
us about tho active railroad lobby In
Washington working for the parcels
rost." They do not tell about this
lobby because It does not exist. Our
friend Mills has not yet "got on to the
fact." apparently, that the express
companies enjoy a close Identity of in
terest with the railroad companies. It
In so close, according to the Interstate
Commerce Commission, that they are
composed cf the same individuals.
Our agitated friend also shudders to
think that the parcels post would "add
millions of dollars to the railroad com
panics' revenues." The horror of this
awful thought Is mitigated by remcm
berlng that It would take many more
millions away from the express com
panics. Somebody must be paid for
carrying parcels. Is It not better to
pay the railroad companies a reason
able fee than to be swindled outrage
ously by the express trust?
Bl NOOLNO TBS AOR1CXXTTR1.ST.
Tho controversy over the Canadian
reciprocity measure Is bringing before
the publlo some very ridiculous testi
mony, or rather nonsense which at
tempts to pass for testimony. We
note, for example, in yesterday's dis
patches that F. C Lasater. president
of the Cattle-Raisers' Asosciatlon of
Texas. In his testimony before the Sen.
ate finance committee, stated that the
free admission of Canadian cattle
would destroy the cattle-raising Indus
try In this country. As the only pos
sible manner by which the cattle busi
ness of this country could be affected
would be through lower prices. Mr.
Lasater must have sought to convey
the Impression that cattle were
i -a por tn Canada than In the United
States. The absurdity of this conten
tion Is shown in the statistics for the
five years ending June 30, 1910. Dur
ing that period this country sold to
Canada ll.57S.179 worth of cattle,
while for the same perlosl Canada sold
to the United States but II, 293,796
worth.
It would he Interesting to know why
the Canadians bought so many cattie
from us If, as Intimated by Mr. Lasa
ter. prices are higher in this country
than in Canada. A much more strik
ing showing Is made in the statistics
covering other agricultural products
afTected hy the same conditions that
affect the.trade In cattle. In the five
qears mentioned this country sold to
Canada I14.172.47S worth of horses,
while for the same period the Canadi
ans sold to us but IJTS49.211 worth of
horses. In meat and dairy products
the Canadians bought from us to the
extent of 117.011. 01 7. while they were
selling us l04. 191 worth. Their pur
chases of breadstuffs from us for the
five years were 13l.536.i5S, and in re
turn we bought from them to the ex
tent of S6.fi79.SS4.
A summary of the total volume of
all trade with Canada for the five
years shows the value of our exports
to be $8S.417.2?S, while our Imports
from Canada were valued at IJ9J.
913.673. lvir.g a balance In our favor
of 492. 501,603. It would be difficult
to conceive any line of reasoning that
would lead one to believe that a re
moval of the present restrictions would
in any way affect prices so long as
trade is so one-sided in our favor, even
under the handicap of the tariff taxes
which now hamper us. Any country
which buys more from us than we sell
to It ought to be encouraged In every
possible manner.
Mr. Lasater's alarm Is III founded.
It Is In some ways not dissimilar to
the cheap gallery plays which tho
Democratic majority In the Hcjjse Is
maklng on the same subject, knowing
full well
that Its bluffs will not be
called.
MAYOR gIMO'8 PROMISE.
The public has the eminent author
ity of Harry Lane.'ex-Mayor, for the
statement that the Mayor of Portland
is a helpless creature. He has no real
Independent power. He is balked by
the Council and burdened with boards.
He can do nothing without consulting
and deferring to one interest or In
fluence or power or another; and the
result is that he gets nowhere and
meanwhile he has Infinite trouble on
his -way. Dr. Lane therefore con
fesses that he fell far short of doing
the things he desired and strove to do
when Mayor.
The testimony of the ex-Mayor in
behalf of himself will apply equally to
Mayor Simon, or any Mayor under
the present charter. Mayor Simon has
been hampered by the same annoying
and Insurmountable obstacles Imposed
by the charter polky of circumlocu
tion, negation and stagnation. Mayor
Simon Is at one with ex-Mayor Lane
In thinking that something ought to
be done to give the city a simpler and
more practicable form of government.
He has therefore publicly committed
himself to the commission plan.
Mayor Simon has done more by
giving an earnest of his good
faith and his definite Intentions in
signing the bill for . a new charter
commission for the City ofPortland.
Its duty will be to formulate a new
municipal organic law, with a com
mission as its cardinal principle.
Mayor Simon will name the commis
sion within a very few days, and will
doubtless urge that the board get to
work at the earliest possible time and
carry It through to completion with
due expedition. The new charter will
be submitted to the people at a special
election, and, if they shall approve,
we shall have an entirely new form
of government for Portland. At the
same time there will be elected the
proposed commissioners, who will re
place the present Major, Council and
Executive Board.
if there is no interruption In this
programme, through unseemly litiga
tion of the Dunlway-Klernan variety.
or through failure or refusal of the
Incoming Mayor to urge all reasonable
diligence- there ought to be a new
government for Portland by January
I, 1912. There -win then be an en
tlrely new deal. It might be defeat
ed. of course, by a hostile Mayor or
by an unfriendly Council through re
fusal to . provide the necessary ma
chinery to carry out the new pro
gramme., or through evasion, procra
tlnatlon, dillydallying, or bad faith.
Much depends on the Mayor and the
Council.
Mayor Simon has proposed, official
ly approved, and again indorses the
commission government. Being defl
nitely pledged to this procedure, and
being convinced that It Is wise for
Portland to embark on the commis
sion project. Mayor Simon will put It
through without regard to Its conse
ouences ' on his incumbency or tne
Mayoralty. Mayor Simon has ao prom
ised. His promises, never lightly
made, are not lightly broken, or
broken at all. He keeps faith.
TP1MFTTXJ FATE.
It would be odd if It should turn
out that the Supreme Court unwit
tingly sowed dragon's teeth when it
amended tho Sherman act by insert
ing the word "unreasonable." As
Congress passed the act It forbade all
combinations in restraint of Interstate
commerce. The court restricted it to
'unreasonable" combinations and
conspiracies for fear lest the rigorous
Intent of Congress might play hob
with business.
Many good lawyers have held here
tofore that It Is the business of courts
to apply the law and not to amend it
but the habit Is one that seems to
fascinate our Judges. They cannot
forbear to Improve the statutes which
they are called upon to construe.
They are like compositors who will
not follow copy but Insist on correct
ing an author's style. Justice Harlan
in his dissenting opinion upon the
Standard OH case declares that this
propensity for Judicial legislation is
the most alarming tendency or our
day." When powerful malefactors.
he Intimates, cannot procure such
legislation as they wish from Congress
they Induce the courts to give it to
them by the ingenious process of
Interpretation."
Of course the real menace from this
bad habit Is to the courts themselves.
If they Insist upon making laws they
must expect to take the consequence
of their temerarlousness. Lawmaking
Is political business, subject to the
vicissitudes of politics. No man or
body of men has ever yet succeeded
in legislating for a country . without
sooner or later being held responsible
for the laws enacted. It Is the com
mon belief that the courts have as
sumed legislative functions which lies
at the bottom of the popular demand
for the recall of Judges. If they con
fined their labors to deciding lawsuits
nobody would think of dragging them
Into the political maelstrom. But
since they enter It of their own accord
they can scarcely hope to escape its
lnconveneinces. It is agreed by most
men of sound sense that it would be
a great misfortune were the Judges
subjected to anything that would mar
their Independence. When they In
sist, therefore, upon amending stat
utes they are certainly tempting fate.
' t
Camas, Wash., has put th question
of responsibility squarely up to the
parents of minors in that town. The
town council has passed an ordinance
prohibiting minors from entering
poolrooms or purchasing tobacco or
cigarette without a written order
, from their parents such order being
good for one occasion only. This law
throws the responsibility where It
belongs. This Is well. Now, since co
operation between the moving powers
!n the enforcement of this ordinance
Is necessary to secure the purpose
sought, let parents interested require
purveyors of the interdicted article,
each and all. keep a book in which to
enter Individual signatures V the end
that the signature attached to the
"order" presented by the minor may
correspond with that on file. Other
wise this wholesome ordinance will
very likely fall In Its purpose.
Portland exporters are chartering
grain ships for new-season loading and
are already paying higher rates than
were fixed by the International Sailing
Ship Owners' Association, which went
to pieces last Winter. In all the half
dozen years of its existence the Asso
ciation succeeded but once or twice in
getting rates above :7s Cd per ton, but
now, with the owners In a go-as-you-
please scramble for business, rates are
Improving. This will be very dls-
i tresalng news for Congressman Hum-
phrey, who for years held up the de
crepit, wobbly, mismanaged associa
tion as a terrible example of the man
ner In which foreign shipowners fixed
the prices our people should pay for
carrying their freight to market. The
old law of supply and demand has
worked havoc with many pretty the
ories, and In asserting Itself in ocean
freights out of Portland it Incident
ally exposes another fallacy of the
ship subsidy forces. The ocean Is a
free highway, and the cheapest carrier
on that highway will get the business,
regardless of temporary expedients to
prevent a free working of the old law.
The spectacle of the United States
cruiser Buffalo, 1000 miles away from
a coaling station and with empty
hunkers and no chance to move until
a relief ship arrives, ought to call the
attention of the Government to the
fact that the embargo on Alaska coal
is an expensive proposition for ,the
Government as well, as for private clti
xens. Within a few miles of where
the Buffalo is lying practically help
less are millions of tons of very high
grade steam coal which Is being "con
served" for future generations. It is
expected that the Government will
send a relief vessel from the Puget
Sound Navy-yard. The expense of
such a trip would be enormous, but
the Government is rich, and besides
we should not grudge such outlays at
this time so long as we have the com
forting thought that some of our'de-
scendants, a few centuries hence," will
have the use of the coal of which we
are now deprived.
The "sportsmen" about North. Yak
lma are terribly grieved to learn that
the orchardmen catch an occasional
trout In the Irrigation ditches. ' By
divine decree all fish as well as all
game birds belong to the city sports
men. To enforce this right they will
seek to compel the Yakima, farmers
to screen their ditches. If that ex
pedient falls of course the ditches
must be abandoned. Let the sports
man enforce his privileges though the
heavens fall.
Chicago within a month has had a
blizzard In which people were frozen
to death and heat which has killed at
least two persons and driven mad an
unstated number of dogs. Now while
our late Spring weather Is "Just a lit
tle" cool and damp fbr an early
strawberry crop and somewhat un
comfortable withaL do we by compar
ison have anything of which to com
plain on the score of the weather?
Government loans offered directly to
small Investors are always popular.
Tho new loan of $50,000,000 will prob
ably be largely oversubscribed even
at the moderate rate of 3 per cent.
Everybody likes to own a government
Dona, ine rrencn pudiic qcdk, wnicn
is very large, is nearly all held at
home and much of it by peasants and
small tradesmen. This is one cause
of the financial stability of France.
Or the fourteen graduates of the
Hood River High School ten will en
ter college next year. This Is encour
aging from one point of view, but not
from all. It seems to indicate that the
high school is a preparatory for the
colleges rather than a means of wide
popular education. There are too few
graduates and there ought to be a
larger proportion of them going Into
the common trades.
Now we are going to see whether a
candidate for Mayor Rushlight
supported by every undesirable ele
ment, la preferred by the people to a
candidate Simon conceded to have
been a good Mayor and known to be
no mans man but, his own. ihat is
the situation In a nutshell.
Complaint is heard in every quarter
of our cold, damp, backward Spring.
The truth Is that the Spring season
came In wrong foot first this year.
We had our May weather in March.
Another Illustration of the force of the
saying, "We cannot eat our cake and
have it too."
That simple child of nature. Pugilist
Johnson, refused to pay for a bust be
cause it had no hair on it and did not
look like him. . He was right and the
sculptor should have been mulcted
rather than the fighter. Were there
so stove polish and old hair mattresses
about?
With Henry L. Stimson at the head
of the War Department, the Presi
dent's official household la now in
complete accord with his political
principles and administrative policy.
This Is as It should be.
Possibly it will be well to remember
also that there Is a Council to elect
n June, too. With a standpat Coun
cil and Rushlight for Mayor, there
will be great doings at the City HalL
This new bond Issue of 150,000,000
at I per cent in smalt denominations
should be popular enough to pull
money from hiding-places.
One of the wonders of latter-day life
s a Negro National Democratic Con
vention now in session at Indianapolis.
The captain of the Buffalo must
lack nerve or he would commandeer
the coal he needs at Cordova.
Weather conditions presage all the
rain will have run off before Rose
Festival week.
Rushlight and redllght. Gay days
n store for the gay boys and gay girls.
Mr. Simon has the prestige of being
a good winner.
HISTORY AXD HEAD OP CROMWELL
Co a temporary Atitaorffy Quated aa to
Disposition of Body.
PORTLAND. May 16. (To the Edi
tor.) Referring to the editorial In this
morning's Oregonian entitled, Crom
well's Head, and the discussion that ha
taken place in the English and AmerW
can newspapers concerning the genu
ineness of the skull that is claimed by
some to be that of CromwellI wish to
add my mite to the controversy by re
questing you to print tne roiiomns-r-
cerpt which I take from the third
volume of a History or l-.ninna m my
possession entitled. "The History of
England from the Earliest Accounts of
I Time to the Death of the- Late Queen
Anne" printed In London. 1.22. for hu
Bell and others:
Oliver's funeral "One of the main
Acts of the new Government was, to
order the Funeral of the late Protec
tor; and the Council having resolved
that it should be very magnificent, the
care of It .was referred to a committee,
who sending for Mr. Kinnersly, Master
of the Wardrobe, desired him to find
out some Precedent by which they
might govern themselves In this Affair.
His Body, at least In appearance, was
laid In Somerset House. The Apart
ment wa hung with Black, the Daylight-was
excluded, and no other but
that of the Wax -tapers fo be 'seen.
This scene continued till the first of
November, when he was removed into
the great Hall of the said House and
represented in Efflgie, standing on- a
Bed of Crimson Velvet, covered with a
Gown of llko colored Velvet, a Scepter
In his Hand, and a crown on his Head.
That part of the Hall wherein the Bed
stood, was railed in and the Rails and
Ground within them covered with
Crimson Velvet. Four or five hundred
Candles, set in flat shining Candlesticks
were so placed round near the Roof of
the Hall, that the light they gave
seemed like the Rays of the Sun; By all
of which he was represented to be now
In a State of Glory. This Folly and
Profusion so far provoked the People
that they threw Dirt In the Night on
his Escutcheon that was placed over the
great Gate of Somerset-Houee. We
pass by the rest of the Pageantry, the
great Numbers of Persons, that attend
ed on the Funeral, the procession to
Westminster, the vast Expence in
Mourning, the State and Magnificence
of the Monument Erected for him, with
many other things.
"But after all, there remains a. Ques
tion, Where his Body was really burled:
It was In appearance in Westminster
Abbey; but much more likely in Nase-by-Fleld;
and possibly in neither Place,
but as others report. It was carried be
low Bridge and thrown Into the
Thames.
"Mr. Barkstead. son to Sarkstead. one
of the King's Judges, gives this account
of the matter: That the said Barkstead
bis Father being Lieutenant of the
Tower of London, and a great Confident
of the Ueurper, did among other such
Confidents, In the time of the Usurper's
Sickness desire to know where he wou'd
be bury'd: To which he answered,
"Where he had obtained the greatest Vic
tory and Glory, and as nigh the Spot aa
could be guessed, where the Heat of
the Action was': viz. In the Field at
Naseby, Com. Northampton. Which ac
cordingly was thus performed: At Mid
night (soon after hie Death) being
first embalmed and wrapt In a leaden
Coffin, the body was In a Hearse con
vey'd to the said Field, the said Mr.
Barkstead by Order of his Father at
tending close to the Hearse: and beinar
come to the Field, they found, about the
nuust of It, a Grave dug about nine
Foot deep, with the green Sod care
fully laid on one side, and the Mould on
the other; In which the Coffin being
pui, ine urave was instantly filled up,
and Care taken that the surplus Mould
should be removed: Soon after, the
uk csre was taken.
that the FleldJ
should be entirely ploughed up, and
ii was sown tnree or Tour years suc
cessively with Corn,"
The book from which thla r(
taken was printed sixty-four years
after the death of Cromwell and the
statement Is that of a contemnorarv
It surely renders doubtful the genuine
ness of the skull that ie claimed to be
Cromwell's.
JAMES GLEASON.
STATE LAW GOVERNS PETITIONS
Arsrnment Given That lanera Mil at Be
Registered Voters.
PORTLAND. May 17. (To the Edi
tor.) Regardless of what we may
think of any particular measure anil
Its merits, there eras to be a general
question now before the courts as to
whether It takes 16 per cent of the
registered voters or IB per cent of the
legal voters to make the petition to
amend the city charter a valid petition.
it seems fiardiy credible to the writer.
notwithstanding any dicta of the Su
preme Court In former cases, that the
court can hold flatly that a man must
be a registered voter to sign either an
Initiative or referendum petition.
ine reason Is this. Many years ae-o
Oregon passed a registration act pro
hibiting voters from exercisinic fran
chise if not registered as provided by
law. This was properly declared un
constitutional. The present constitutional amend
ment as to Initiative and referendum
has been declared eelf-executlng until
legislation shall be provided. It says
legal voters shall be required to pro
pose an act or refer an act. Portland
has not adopted any special legislation.
so the state law must undoubtedly
apply. Sec. S4 83 of L. o. L. requires
petitions to be signed by "qualified
electors" on any measure- they are
legally entitled to vote upon.
This section appears to be declaratorv
of the law as It really Is, and In a con
stitutional manner. Afterwards, when
the present registration law was passed,
it provided that all who did not regis
ter must prove tnemseives to be quali
fied electors by the testimony of six
freeholders, etc The object was not to
prevent, but to make It extremely diffi
cult for unregistered voters to cast
their ballots, and thus compel them to
register. According to my view, the
present trouble Is not in the Interpre
tation of who Is a legal voter, but In
the failure to amend the law so that It
shall require proof of qualifications to
vote to accompany a petition for ini
tiative or referendum, when the voter
Is not registered. By requiring testi
mony of six freeholders, the analogy as
to law ana pracista wiia tne registra
tion acts is complete.
ROBERT C. WRIGHT.
I a. .
Prune Retailer at Fnnlt.
SALEM, Or, May IS. (To the Edi
tor.) Concerning The Oregonian's
Washington News Bureau dispatch
giving the life history of a box of
Oregon prunes, permit me to say that
no article of food, cured fruit or cured
meat keeps perfect indefinitely unless
protected by an air-tight and Im
pervious package, safe from the at
tacks of insects pursuing their ordi
nary and natural vocation. The effects
of August weather, and the earlier heat
of Spring, in Washington upon most
probably perfectly - packed high-class
prunes might easily be due to the re
tailer's lack of judgment in keeping a
delicate and delicious article too long
outside of cold storage. The event of
August' 9, 1909, must have happened
upon prunes packed in the Fall of 1908
or even of 1907. As Oregon prunes are
now packed, a box ought to keep Its
contents perfectly a year or more In
reasonably cool latitudes, unless badly
broken. In transit. To expect more is
unreasonable. Let the Eastern retailer
sell at a fatr profit and get our prunes
promptly into consumption. He will
Increase his business and ours and
benefit doubly many customers.
HENRY A. TOWNS END.
WAR AD PHYSICAL MAXHOOD.
Natloaal Conflicts Takes Off the Fit
and ot the Unfit.
BAT CENTER, Wash., May 13. (To
the Editor.) The Oregonian's editorial
entitled "What Survives," calls atten
tion to the fallacy of confounding the
"strongest" with the "fittest" in the
biologic sense. In the soclologlc use of
the two terms, the fallacy Is even
worse. But an even worse one has
been committed constantly by thous
ands who should know better, not per-
. haps omlttinff aome
the Company K ba
of our friends at
Company K banquet. They con
stantly assume that war carries off the
less "fit" and therefore less "desiraoie
Dart of the earth's population. ' This
assumption is wholly wrong. It Is not
too much to say that its falsity is ap
parent to anyone who will taKa
trouble to think. . ''''
Under modern conditions it Is pnly
the best young men, physically, who
are permitted to enlist for war, unless
in extreme need. Where military ser
vice Is compulsory, the men of poor
physique are excused. War removes
' not the weaklings, but the robust por
tion of a nation s manhood."
The one million young men who, a
half century ago, lnid down their lives
on Southern battlefields and In camp,
were not the dregs of America's youth,
They were the very flower of our Na-
tlonal manhood. The sacrifice was per
haps unavoidable; but to glorify the
necessity of that sacrifice Is to betray
moral obliquity or else Intellectual con
fusion. The inheritance of what might
have been the fatherhood of that mil
lion best young men of our land Is lost
to our race forever.
When the Spanish war broke out.
only a minor portion of applicants were
received for enrollment, tne major por
tion being rejected for some physical
or moral unsoundness. If I recall aright,
the ratio was about one in four. The
graves around Santiago, at Chlcka-
mausa Camp and in the Philippine jun
gles cover the mortal remains of part
of that one-fourth vho were "fit," but
hone of the three-fourths who were
"unfit."
Historians have frequently remarked
to us that we are descended, for the
most part, not from the flower of the
manhood of the middle ages, but from
those who were not deemed worthy
to bear arms. Those who were deemed
worthy for the honorable occupation
of warfare were mostly .killed off before
leaving the Inheritance of their blood
to the race.
These remarks mention nothing new.
The facts involved have been told in
print and from the platform so often
that it seems silly to mention them
again, The only apology Is our con
stant need of reminder.
To argue that war tends to the phys
ical Improvement of toe race Is crim
inal sophistry. It was more or less
true In the days when every man car
ried a war club, and the best man got
the fruit from the tree that was the
cause of the fight, while the poorer
fighter got a broken head or starva
tion. Conditions have changed. Our
wits ought to keep up with the changed
conditions. L. u. BUSH.
PUPILS'
ART WORK COMMENDED
Mr.
Ladd Warmly Praises Exhibition
by Public School Students.
PORTLAND. May 16. (To the Edi
tor.) Some of us have had tits privi
lege of watching Portland grow from
a pioneer town to a modern city, with
afl a city's responsibilities in social,
educational and artistic matters. To
one who looks toward education In art
to help us preserve the beauty of our
natural surroundings and make our
buildings, streets, parks and manu
factures of the right kind, the recent
exhibition of the work of the pupils
of the public schools, in the art depart
ment, was of e-reat interest and I feel
that it should not pass from memory
without a word of commendation for
good work done. This work is of a
quality to compare'with that done In
Eastern centers and is a revelation to
anyone not familiar with the develop
ment of the more practical side of
elementary artistic training.
The children's work. In free use of
color and In the expression of what
they can see in form and motion. In
the little scenes of children at play.
the hunter, the jack-o'lantern, and the
various simple aspects of nature, is
delightful. While the cultivation of
perception, precision - and good taste
provided in the work of the older stu
dents In the development of design, the
drawing from nature, the .book-bind
ing, etc, will certainly have a strong
Influence In making our - -ture citizens
demand and execute good work in all
of their daily surroundings.
For the mass of students the aim is
Just such cultivation of the under
standing and appreciation as will make
them better workmen and citizens, but
at the same time, those having the
gift for artistic work or the desire to
enter the finer industrial vocations, are
ready to carry their studies further.
This, also, can be done without the
young student leaving his home, for the
art school of the fortland Art Asso
ciation provides right here at home a
thorough and inspiring course of work,
carrying on the beginnings of the
public schools and affording oppor
tunities for the development of artis
tic talents.
The work of these agencies for train
ing and culture should be Inspected at
tho Museum of Art. i wisn to call tne
attention of all who are Interested in
this branch of our city's educational
work to these exhibitions of students'
work. W. M. LADD.
Bad Road to Vancouver.
PORTLAND. Mry 15. (To the Edi
tor.) The taxpayers of the city and
county are continually bled with high
taxes and then nothing is done for
the road's leading out of or into the
city. The road to Vancouver along
Vancouver boulevard from Killings-
worth to the beginning to the bridge is
a disgrace to any city tho size of Port
land, and is almost impassable for any
kind of traffic It Is impossible for a
heavy loaded wagon to go along this
road, as it will mire down' to the hubs.
and automobiles also have a very hard
time getting through. It would seem
that at least one road ought to be kept
up, as this is the only one- leading to
Vancouver. Fix up the roads and don't
put down so much hard-surface pave
ment which is very nara on norses.
A TAXPAYER.
Motto Over a Healh Pavilion.
London Standard.
Over the fountain Augusta Victoria
at Hamburg Is to be built a pavilion
after the style of a Roman templ
This has been designed by the German
Emperor, who has also composed the
following inscription, for the fountain:
"Nymph, dispense the healing waters
to the sick; may God restore them.
cured and rejoicing, to their families."
Berlin's Life In Three Streets.
National Magazine.
The life of Berlin is concentrated in
three streetjj the Friedrich Strasse,
Llepsiger Strasse and Unter den Linden.
Beyond these great thoroughfares.
ablaze with lights and an immense con
course of people, all Is darkness, and
merry Berlin may be said to begin and
end within the limits of these three
famous thoroughfares.
German Enclnes Kill Birds.
London Telegraph.
A German locomotive engineer says
that the trains are doing much to de
stroy the birds. He has picked up num
bers of various kinds from an engine
which runs about dawn, when the birds
first seek food, and he estimates that
this one engine kills some hundreds
every month.
Advertising Talks
By William C. Freeman.
Ask the average man what steam
ship lines operate between New York
and Europe, and he will Invariably
name the principal advertised lines,
and in the majority of cases, the one
which advertises the most will be
named first. , .
The same Is true of the things we
eat, and wear, and use the advertlaed
product ia appennott in our minds.
When we want to buy, we ask for ad
vertlaed brands, sometimes without
realizing that we are doing so.
Some merchants state, as a reason
for not advertising, that they never
read advertisements themselves and
they don't believe other people do. ,
But, if you question the man who
makes this statement, you will find,
nine times out of ten, that he Is wear
ing an E. & W. or Arrow collar, a
Stetson hat, Douglas shoe and other
advertised articles of wearing appareL
Yet he is probably sincere in his
"belief that he does not read advertlse-
I ments.
How, then, did he come to buy these
articles? Simply because the advertis
ing; had Impressed itself on hla mind,
and, unconsciously, Influenced hia pur
chases, i
Advertising has become such a vital
and necessary part of our daily lives
that the majority .of us do not realize
the influence it exerts upon us.
That is why up-to-date merchants
and manufacturers are advertising
regularly , and persistently, and it is
because of their advertising that they
are reaping a golden harvest.
Advertise, . Messrs. Merchant and
Manufacturers, If yon want to do busi
ness in these days I
(To be continued.)
Country Town Sayings by Ed Howe
(Copyright, 1911, George Matthew Adama)
Never talk so much of the place
from which you came that your ac
quaintances will despise it. I know
man who violently hates that splen
did state, Pennsylvania, because he has
heard so much about It from his wife.
Whenever the average woman gets
ready to go anywhere, except to church,
the excitement gives her a headache.
A woman
who has a nice house,
as a miser worships his
worships it
gold.
It is a great deal more satisfactory
and respectable to bury a husband
than to get a divorce from one.
Forgiveness may be divine, but there
is a state of affairs much more heaven
ly: to be able to get along without
needing it.
You hear a great deal about the
popularity of widows, but they do not
seem to be any more popular than other
married women, after they marry
again.
A country girl's idea of a real reck
less time is to go down to the rail-'?
road track, and wave her handkerchief.
at1 the passengers as the train goes by.
Success doesn't amount to so much, if
a lot of age goes with it.
Both are called "Doc" but you can
always tell a dentist from a doctor.
After a woman has chased a man
about so long, she must catch him and
marry him, or be talked about the rest
of her life. -
Half a Century Ago
Prom The Oregonian. May 18. 1S51.
The work on the trail from Van
couver to Simcoe was commenced last
week. When completed it must be of
great benefit to Vancouver.
A large number of miners came over
from Victoria on the steamer Pacific
last night, having left in disgust. Their
destination is San Francisco unless the
favorable report from the mines turns
them Nez-Perces-ward.
Victoria, May 14. The schooner
Laurel 6tarted out a week since on an
Indian trading trip to the Puget Sound
Islands. Some Indians they encountered.
however, took possession of the vessel,
appropriated the goods aboard to their
own use, and stripped her of her sails.
The men in charge were consequently
compelled to return to this port and
are heavy losers through the rascality
of their red-skinned customers.
THE CITY'S CRISIS HERE AND NOW
Responsibilities That Mnst Be Dis
charged Properly by the Public.
PORTLAND, Or., May 17. (To the
Editor.) I cannot refrain from writ
ins: to The Oregonian to express my
earnest commendation of the editorial
published today entitled lr. Simon for
Mayor." I thank you for the tlmely
and strong position thus taken in a
matter which it seems to me must be
regarded by every intelligent citizen
of Portland as involving issues of the
most momentous import for the city. As
you so truly say.
Thera la here and now a crisis in the
affairs of Portland that cans for the open
expression and active perrormance oi a bb
rioun civic duty. That duty demands sub
ordination of mere personal preferences or
prejudices and the reconciliation of ail minor
differences. It means the absolute elimina
tion of all past political alliances or biiiha
tlons. and the utter wiping out of all party
lines. It requires a devotea consciousness
nf ,h' lunar destiny of the city and a lively
appreciation of tha troublesome nature of its
many problems, it muei nu uvuiu .mi .
realization and practical demonstration In.
nnit-i) endeavor to elect as head of the
dty government a safe, responsible and ex
perienced man. ouw - - -
No words were ever uttered either
through the columns of a newspaper or
from a public platform more truly In
dicative of . the serious emergency
which I believe confronts the citizens of
Portland today. In my judgment tnere
can never be a time in the history of
the city when every instinct of loyalty
to Its substantial interests should more
orofoundly stir the hearts of its citizens
. .; .. , Tint, or
an earncbi, neuiuu, mu uu.u
effort to maintain Its prestige ana
good name. CHARLES F. BEEBE.
COUNCIL CREST.
By Van Wyck Holmead.
Yon lordly height where erst in savage
state
The rude Willamette called his coun
cil high,
And, haply. In the vagrant breeze s
sigh
Dim omen conjured of his nation s
fate .
The tinsel toys of trade now desecrate.
And steal the vision, from tne eager
eve
Of mistv valleys rolling endlessly
And peaks empurpled In the twilight
late.
O lovely city, thou whose charm and
srrace
Have won the homage of an alien heart,
What tawdry setting for a priceless
gem!
Portland, for shame! in vulgar pawn
to place.
Amid the teeming, money-changing
mart.
The very croWn, thy queenly dia
dem! '