Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (May 4, 1911)
(Hie (Drntau r-trr.1 at Port:nd. Oreoa. J-otoffc a r"-n-i-Cias Matter. tauc.-ipuoa i.atee la-rarlaSly la iJvuc BT MAIL) r!!T. rnwlxy Include, on year. ...... " I-ai.y. Sin.i ir include!. lx nwnths .... 4.1 1-e.Hy. Fun.lJj Inrlu-ir.l. It.ru mrth... 2-- Ija. !e. 5uc l-iv lociu-le'i. one m"B'.Ji. 5 ti:r. l:hoot un lay. on year J rtt r. l:tkogt SirtlaT. I'l month .23 I''ly. it'inul S..n!ar. t.ire. m--nth.... - t i.l. .itoul Sui.cla). cc mould .' Wele. one yr . . . Sunday, or.t ear ' iulii aut weekly, om Ir (BT CARRIER 1 rit!y. fttin1 Inrlurte.l, on year 2? ls!:y SunLr Included, obi month How ts Remit Send Postotrice. money erder. express order or pareonal check on your local bank. tamr. coin or currency re, at tn KDd-r'l risk. C.We, postofflee, d-lrera In fail. Inrludlns county and state, paatas Ke lee 10 t M tae, 1 cent: 18 I gaee. J cent: Srt to e raaee, rente: n to t pej, 4 cents. ore:sn poslax coisle rate. Eaalerv Bneiace. Office's Veri-e, Conk lir .Ne lork. iirjnssjlck. bulldias. Cal cti. 8t?Eer tulM.ra. POSTIAVD. THVRMAT. MAT 4. 1911- Cm A.VD COUNTRY. It la not particularly encouraging- to learn from the census rvport that more than three-fourths of the Immigrants whom Oregon has received In the last ten years have flocked, to the cities of the state, while less than one-fourth of them hare settled on farms. The contrast between the gains of town and country come out startllngly In the ar.alyj.is 6f the census returns which has been prepared under the authority of the Commercial Club. This shows that while the farming dis tricts of the state have increased their population only 29 per cent since 1890, the cities have grown 101 per cent. The state as a whole has received an addition of 160.139 people, but of these no more than 6o00i) found homes in the rural districts. More than three times as many have gone to swell the population of tho towns. - Outride cf the municipalities some of our counties, five of them to be specific, have actually less people now than they had ten years ag-. Curi ously enough. Marlon Is one of these regressing counties. No doubt the at tractions of Salem are too great for the farmers to withstand, so they for sake their ancestral acres and seek Its benignant shades. Wheeler County has lost 8 per cent of Its rural population in the last ten years. Gilliam 10 per cent and Grant 11 per cent, but the most regrettable figures are shown by Union County, which has a smaller rural population now than ten years ago by fully 30 per .cent, if we may depend upon the Commercial Club's calculations, as no doubt we can. Of course both La Grande and Union In that county must exhibit large Increases, but this does not compensate for the loss of farming population. The growth of towns without a cor responding development of rural life Is a sort of hypertrophy. It extorts admiration only from those who do not know that it Is a disease. Some small com tort perhaps may be ob tained from reflecting that most of our sister states suffer from the same complaint. Indeed Iowa's case Is worse than ours. That commonwealth has actually lost population In its rural sections taken as a whole since 1SJQ. w hile our decrease is only sectional. As a rule the country districts of Oregon are more populous than they were ten years ago, but n't) much more. The lamentable decrease in Wheeler. Garnt and Union Counties is said to be accounted for by the merger of small holdings into huge wheat farms. The owners dispose of their little tracts to the grain kings and seek jobs which pay them better In Pendleton. La Grande and so on. For this process nature and indifferent cuW tivation are partly to blame. Wheat can be raised more cheaply under the prevalent wasteful method on the large scale than on little farms. - The owner of 10.000 acres has every Im aginable economic advantage over his kmall competitor. Hence he must be expected to swallow him up. Still, it Is homes and homebuilders that make a commonwealth gieat. not huge feudal holdings, no matter how pro ductive they may be. The vast unoccupied tracts In' the Willamette Valley stretch out in un productive solitude about the same as they did ten years ago. There has been some Increase of papulation in this at tratclve region, but not much com pared with what there should have been. But here at any rate there has been 110 consolidation of small home : places Into great feudal estates. On the contrary, there has been some di vision of the original claims, though not nearly so much as there ought. The Willamette Valley would support several millions of people In comfort, but' they are slow in making their appearance. Why it Is so Is not a very perplexing question, for one thing there Is a great deal of land held out of the market altogether. The owners will not sell at any reasonable price because they feel sure of obtaining two or three times as much ten years from now as anybody will of er today. Again we must remember that there is scarcely ten miles of really good road outside the suburban districts In the Willamette Valley. A man who settles five miles from a depot might as well be a hundred miles away dur ing the Winter months, so far as get ting to market is concerned. lib home is a solitude without neighbors, church or. frequently, even a school. This kind of an existence does not attract the modern man. He prefers to settle near a town where he can earn more and live better and at the same time hare some advantages for his family. The growth of Eugene well Illus trates this tendency. That town is lit erally fringed for miles around with small home places of five, ten and twenty acres which have been estab lished by people of moderate means. Ther have some income from Invest ments. Their small orchards and gardens produce enough more to make things go and thus they secure com fort, society, good church relations, excellent schools and the opportunities of the university. Is it not absurd to expect these people to wander off ten miles up the Mackenzie and dwell In the forlorn, roadless wilderness? They shew remarkable good sense by their choice of a home site. The Commercial Club authorities appear to be perplexed by the phe nomenon of municipal growth at the expense of the country. It does not puzzle us at all. Give the country good ronds the year roupd. give it a parcels post, let our missionary socle ties forget China and Borioboola Gha a little while and send some good preachers out into the rural districts of Oregon, and put real agricultural Instruction into the schools. People forsake the country because life 1 more desirable In town; that la all there Is to It. Make the country equally desirable and the tide will turn. Kii.ii u iti:k rBOPiirw. This is the season for high-water predictions. The careful prophet who tells one-half of hi acquaintances that there will be high water and confides In the other half the prophecy that there will be no high water this year is sure of adding to his reputation. All that man has learned regarding the causes and conditions which- are re- j sponsible for the annual June rise has been Insufficient to make predictions of any value until the water gauges show tangible evidence. There has been an Immense acreage of timber cut since the white man came into the West. The removal of the foliage undoubt edly hastens the melting of the snows and swells the flood that each Spring starts seaward fwn the base of the Rockies and thAyBitter Root Moun tains. But even the removal of this timber Is not necessarily tho cause of very high -water, for, with the single exception of 1S4. the river rose to a higher stage In 1878 than it has since attained. All of the region round the headwaters of the streams that feed the Columbia were well adorned "with trees when the big water of 1876 swept seaward and transformed Portland Into a New-World Venice. While local history records no pre vious period when the high-water marks of 187 and 1894 was excelled. It Is not Improbable that many time In the long-distant past similar floods may &ave covered the Lower Colum bia region. In the climatic conditions nhixti rninu tho Columbia and Its trib utaries to run bank-full and slop over each year there is found a striking Illustration of the vast size of the Co- 1 lumbla basin.' This region Is sj great I that It not infrequently haprens that while the streams which feed the 1 Snake River, under the Influence of I the Poring sunshine, are already out of their banks, those which have their source hundreds of miles farther north are still hold In the. grasp of belated Winter weather. Nearly all floods which have swelled the Columbia to the stage where It backs the Willam ette River up to Front street have been the result of simultaneous rises In both the Snake and the Columbia Rivers. In the highest water we have ever known, 'a belated Spring and heavy rains caused the Willamette to add to the big flood. The prophets who each year tell us In advance the stage of water that we may expect can place but slight reli ance on precedent. All signs fail in flood predictions as well as' In dry weather. Denuding the land of Its trees is a, factor of Increasing .import ance In regulating the flow of water from the interior. The climatic con ditions are aaother inflnnce of great importance, but the greatest factor in the creation of a flood Is that unusual combination of circumstances by which the waters of tributaries of both the Columbia and the Snake r.lver rise simultaneously. On such occasions, if there Is an average amount -of snow In the foothills and mountains, and it melts rapidly, it is nearly always wise to drive the stock from the river bot toms to the high lands. People "Who make forecasts on the June rise are not prophets: they are merely guessera. - - ( (TrVBLO'O DUKK TO GOOD GOVXRJf- Since Senator Bourne assumoj his new role of magazine writer we have had Increased opportunities for study ing the workings of the mind of that distinguished gentleman-. The Sena tor's latest effusion Is entitled "The Composite Citizen" and appeared in a recent -Issue of the Saturday Evening Post. It Is an exposition of the beau ties of the initiative and referendum and Incidentally of the great intellec tual gift of Senator Bourne and W. S. L"Ren. Of course. Mr. Bourne does not men tion himself by name in this eulogy; he would not do anything so Indeli cate. But he speaks of "a few intel lectual leaders" in such a way as to lead the reader to the Inevitable con clusion that the great Bourne beacon light Is meant- He dwell In detail on the sins of legislatures, whose members are "nom inated by conventions controlled by practiced politicians backed by cam paign contributors." But all these things have been done away with by the direct primary, which sends men to the legislature direct from'the peo ple. Having sprung from that fountain-head of purity, how can the leg islatures be anything but pure and do any but good and virtuous acts? Mr. Bourne waxes eloquent over the perfect workings of direct legislation as It is in Oregon. It encourages in dividual initiative by Mr. ITRen and his clique of doctrinaires; the voter is Informed on the ballot exactly what he is voting on a when he Is led falsely to suppose he 1 voting on the repeal of the poll-tax: legislatures al low amendments to be slipped Into bills and blunders to be made, which necessitate extra sessions. He has no recollection that under the initiative the voters of Oregon adopted two di rectly conflicting fishery bills and that the Legislature had to pass a special law to cut the tangle. ,He tells about the "Jokers" which are sometimes slipped Into bills in the closing days of legislative sessions, but he has nothing to say of the single-tax joker which was adopted under the guise of an anti-poll-tax measure. He says: "Under this system there Is no op portunity for secret manipulation by a committee. A bill proposed under the Initiative cannot be amended by the Insertion of a joker just before the vote is taken." Xo, jokers cannot be inserted in initiative measures by a committee of tho Legislature, which la elected by the people, but It may be done at a meeting of the Fels Single Tax League, which is elected by whom? 1 The people are given credit by Mr. Bourne for understanding ail the bills submitted to them for adoption or re-J jectlon. but few of the people will pre tend to have understood all the bills submitted at the last state election. He cites the fact that of thirty-two measures submitted only nine were adopted and twenty-three defeated, and says: "The people will refrain from voting upon a measure or they will vote in the negative unless con vinced that its adoption will be for the general welfare." If Mr. Bourne does not know, he ought to know, that a large proportion of the negative votes on the new coun ty bills and other bills of purely local Interest were cast because the voters knew nothing of the merits of the Question and voted "no" either to be on the safe side or to expresa their dis approval of having such question submitted to the state at large. With what Mr. Bourne says of di rect legislation 'in general, any candid observer of Its workings can agree, but the system as we have It In Oregon has many serious defects which can only be removed by open discussion of the subject. So long as Mr. Bourne and his brother doctrinaires persist In as suming that the system as we have It Is the only true one snd that any per son who tries to Improve it is like the profane man who placed his hand on the sacred ark of the covenant, they will be standing in the way of the cause they profess to advocate.'' They should remember that the best-friend of any good' work is the friendly critic who points out Its defects and seeks to re move them, not the man who shuts his eyes to every blemish and vows that It Is perfect. . BALD IlKAIIS A.NU WHISKF.IW. The debate in Washington the other night on the question whether bald heads or whiskers are the more det rimental attained International conse quence. It importance arose partly from the profound scientific problems Involved, partly -from the distinction of the disputants. Mr. Carter and Mr. Cannon argued for whiskers. Mr. Tay lor and Mr. Longworth for bald heads, which, as the debate was arranged, waa the affirmative side, so that Mr. Longworth spoke first. Some of the remarks he made about whiskers sound strange indeed coming from a man who aspires to be a statesman. "In olden days," he" said, with amazing disregard of fact, "whiskers were ex cusable, but nowadays they are only sworn at." If Mr. Longworth would turn to his neglected and probably forgottenaOib bon, he would find that when the Em peror Julian came to the throne of Imperial -Rome the first thing he did In order to render himself worthy of his exalted station was to cultivate a "long and populous -beard." to borrow the exact phrase of the great histor ian. No Emperor or philosopher of those times dreamed of exposing a naked chin to tho taunts of a smiling world. Ther Is high authority for the be lief that shaving Is a relic of the bar barous practice of tattooing the face. The mustache so much affected by cal low youth of both sexes Is. simply a remnant of weird tattooing which cov ered the entire face and much of the body.' Bankers' whiskers, or "weep ers," as they are more properly called, belong in the same category. The only proper decoration for the face Is the full beard as it was worn by Jswlsh prophet and Greek sages, to say noth ing of Assyrian and Egyptian mon archs. We are surprised to hear Mr. Long worth say the full beard was "excusa ble." The truth Is that it was. a badge of nobility, both mental and physical, as It still is. There is also much, to be said for the bald head. It was ridicu lous for Senator Carter to remark that nobody ever "voluntarily had a bald head." It casts sad reflections on his religious observances. Did Mr. Carter never see a tonsured priest? Our American Indians In their native dig nity all had bald heads, with the tri fling exception of 'a scalp lock, and the same may be said of the Japanese no bility, or Samaral. The shaven poll ha from the most remote antiquity, like the beard, been a symbol of aris tocratic manhood. The perfect human of the male sex has in all ages wotn a bald head and a bearded face. It Is one of the proof of modern degener acy that we retain the bald head and discard the beard. But, even without its proper facial accompaniment, the hairless crown has its exalted uses. Think how a judge on the bench would look with flowing tresses. To appear in harmony with his dutlea he must have no hair be tween his topknot and eyes, unless he chooses to don a wig, which may be as luxuriant as he likes. Natural hair 1 what . custom objects to. Both the beard and the bald head would have won if they had been properly de fended. FEDERAL AND STATE COMMISSIONS CONFLICT. The possibility of a conflict In au thority between the Interstate Com merce Commission and some of the Railroad Commissions of the country has frequently been commented on. There are many localities In which the railroads are at all times in that posi tion sometimes described as "between the devil and the deep blue sea'! on ac count of conflicting orders from the state and Federal commissions. There Li now an excellent prospect for a slight clash between these two august bodies which may result In determin ing the lilmts of their powers in a given field. St. Louis and Chicago shippers have filed with the Interstate Commerce Commission a complaint asking a reduction In freight rates from Chicago and St. Louis to Texas points. The rea'son for the filing of this complaint Is a recent diversion of business from the Western cities to New York and the inability of the complainant to get Into Texas terri tory under existing conditions. These conditions are the result of the establishment of the Texas Steam ship Company, operated between New York and Galveston. This line was established and is largely supported by Texaa merchants. It put into effect such low rates that much business with northern interior Texas formerly handled by the St, Louis and Chicago shippers was diverted to New York. The railroads, desirous of protecting their own lines and getting some of the freight that had previously moved by rail to such a large extent, proposed a reduction of rates from St. Louis and Chicago to Dallas, Fort Worth and other Texas common points. But be fore the reduction became effective the Texas Stato Railroad Commission served notice on the traffic men of a number of the roads that If the all rail rates from New York to Texas were reduced to meet the competition of the steamship lines they would off set the reduction by reducing, rates from Galveston to the Interior. They gave, as a reason for this threat, the statement that they did not propose to have the rail lines deprive Galveston of the natural benefits of this ocean competition, or by an equalization of rates at Texas common points to dis courage steamship lines from continu ing such rates. The object of the Commission In thus seeking to protect the steamship line might have been commendable, but if the Federal Commission should grant the petition of the Northern jobbers and order lower rates into in terior Texas by rail it would be inter esting to see what attitude the Texas State Commission would take on the matter. The State Commission hns al ready refused to permit the railroads voluntarily to reduce the rate. The question now arises, would It decline to recognize the right of the Federal Commission to force tne railroad to do what they have voluntarily offered to do? A slmar case 1 now troubling the railroads in Missouri, where the State Commission has come Into conflict with the Federal Commission, which reduced the through rates from At- lantic seaboard territory to Missouri River points. This action prompted the St. Louis Jobbers to demand a rela tively lower local rate, and tho Mis souri Commission is attempting to force a reduction that will make the combination of local rates no higher than the through rate which the Com mission ordered reduced. These cases, which are but exam ples of what may occur in almost any locality in the Bnited States,, -show the unpleasant position In which the rail roads are placed by the inharmony and conflict of authority between, the Fed eral and the State Commissions. A LETTEI? OF iCTirEirs. If Martin Luther were alive, he would be more surprised than anybody else to hear that one of his letters had brought 25,000 at auction, even though the extravagant price was paid by Mr. Morgan, who has money to throw away by the wagon load. Luther was one of the most prolific writers who ever lived. He pro duced letters, sermons arid books by the. ton, fairly deluging Germany with them in the more exciting months of his career. It is Incredible that they have all been lost except a scattering few. There must be many of his au tographs in the various college librar ies of Germany. Luther's prolific pen did more than any other Instrument to found the German language in its modern form. His translation of the Bible has played a part only less Important than our own King James version. It has been food and drink to the pious German soul for almost 400 years, and has pro vided the bono and sinew of the ver nacular. German literature was one of the last in Europe to develop. The country felt the impulse of the re naissance almost as soon as Italy, but the first results were scholarly rather than literary or artistic. , Luther's name Is really the first of pre-eminent Importance in modern German literature, and between the great reformer and the contemporaries of Lessing, who immediately preceded Goethe, there was long interval of comparative barrenness. Goethe and Schiller, with whom German lit erature reached its classic bloom, belonged almost to the ' nine teenth century, while the Elizabethan period in England and the, time of Corneille and Moliere in France were much earlier. No doubt the Jack of national unity in Germany delayed the development of the literary Impulse. England un der Elizabeth attained brilliant na tional and literary life at the same time, and so did France under the monarchs of the sixteenth and seven teenth, centuries. Great literature seems to be the product of spiritual forces which only develop when a peo ple Is passing through profound ex periences whose interest Is universal. The postal savings bank has struck a popular chord. The forty-five new institution that were added to the system May 1, on the opening day se cured 400 deposits aggregating $10. 000. As a result of the success that has followed the opening of these banks, Postmaster-General Hitchcock has decided to establish from fifty to 100 additional banks each month. As all deposit that are made in these banks find their way Into the National banks and are thus available for ac tive use In business, the economic ad vantage of the new institutions is very great. The new depositories, with the credit of the United States Government behind them, Bring out of hiding many small hoards that have been laid away because their owners were distrustful of the regular banks. As these savings are added to- the available money sup ply and none of the regular banking institution lose any deposits, there should be a material addition to our cash supplies when the. system is thoroughly established. Old Mars finds business fairly active as Spring wears on, and the prospects for a continuous performance through out the Summer may be considered unusually bright. That affray which started in Mexico several months ago pauses only long enough for the press agents to get out an occasional peace story. The Chinese rebellion Is also frequently trodden down? but, like truth crushed to earth, will rise again. In Morocco, the annual war between the discordant factions over which should hold the throne Ls on at full blast, and in India there is a muttering that may develop into a war growl. Meanwhile, all Europe is In a highly nervous state over the possibilities that accompany these troubles in other parts of the world. International jeal ousy just at this time ls very much In evidence, and it would not require a very large spark to start serious fire works In .he European political pow derhouse. Only 29 per cent of Oregons gain was rural growth, but improving con ditions in the present decade will show a difference next time the census ls t.ven "Back to the farm" ls becom ing a reality every dny, but It is noF back to the big 3ZU-ac,re aonauon claim. There is an overflow of the $2.50 gold pieces In the Treasury, and coin age may be stopped. The $2.60 coin was put out of business when the Aus tralian ballot law came into general use. The cold wave from Alaska that Is making the East shiver must have taken the Canadian route. His friend Watsou will carry the gun hereafter, for Sherlock Holmes has de cided to quit killing. Some of i-he big graft "discoveries" resemble a miniature fuse sizzling in a cannon cracker. The plumbers were considerate to strike during warm weather. Clark County seems to be full of prunes this year. Salmon may now become cheap enough to eat. Tacoma has tho elephant by the tail. TRAVELOGUE IS MOST UNIQUE Miss Perrin to Show How Pacific Coast Is Being Educated. Something unique in travel talks, illus trated with splendid pictures of the sub jects covered. Is promised for next Mon day and Tuesday nights at the Heilig Theater, when Marie Alice Perrin will show what she has been doing in adver tising the Pacific Coast states through out the East She has Just concluded an extended tour in vaudeville, during which she visited the leading cities of the country and was received with enthu siasm everywhere, she-appeared. Her travelogue covers Oregon, Wash ington and California, and is said to be among the best descriptive entertain ments ever given along similar lines. Oregon people will be interested In see ing and bearing the travelogue, for they will want to learn how this state ls being advertised throughout the East. Miss Perrin has developed the travel talk until It has become 'highly enter taining as well as instructive. The places she tells of and shows in pictures become real to her audiences, and her humorous touches keep her hearers from tiring of the descriptions. . The travel ogue covers the Pacific Coast from Co ronado Beach to the Canadian border. Here ls a wealth of material, both from the viewpoint of scenic beauty, re sources and attractions. Miss Perrin will soon leave for an other extenive vaudeville tour, after completing which she will go abroad and will give her talk on the Pacific Coast la many European countries. Her coming appearance in Portland will be the only opportunity Oregon will have to hear her for a long time. ORCHARD CASE IS DISMISSED Officers of Columbia Company Give Ont Statement of Matter. Absolute denial of the charge of Frederick J. Godby in his complaint that the Columbia Orchard Company, of which he agreed to purchase ten acres of land, did not have a clear title to the 'property. Is made by J. H. Tip ton, an officer of the company, who. ; among others, was accused. The case since has been aismissea oy ine iia trict Attorney. "The fact of the matter Is," declared Mr. Tipton yesterday, "that we had an option on the property from which we proposed to sell Godby a ten-acre tract. He paid us $100 on an agreed price of $1500, but after a week, it seems, he became dissatisfied and .de manded the return of his money. We were arranging then to disorganize the company and agreed to refund Godby what he had paid, as we also had de cided to give up the option. He grew impatient, however, and entered Buit. . "There was no reason for his action at all, as all the members of our com pany are reliable people, having been engaged in business here for maity years and owning much property. It does not seem reasonable that we should Jeopardize our standing here by questionable dealings In a transaction that involved no more than $100. "Godby's charge that we could not secure a title is false. I still hold the option on the land and if I want to take It up I can deliver a clear title on the part that he started to pur chase as well as on any other part of It" PASTOR. Uf PEACEMAKER ROLE Rev. Mr. McPherson, CouHcllmanio Candidate, Outlines Policy. "I intend to enter the City Council as a peacemaker if I am elected," said Rev. Charles T. McPherson, candidate for Councllman-at-Large, last night. "People have told me they do not like to see the East Side arrayed against the West Side, the wealthy class against the poorer class. I intend to do what I can to overcome Just that sort of x thing. If elected I Intend to work for the Interest of all the people. I am the pastor of a laboring men's church and am city missionary of the Methodist Church. I will see that every poor man gets a square deal. I intend to work to help the fellow who needs help the most. "My campaign fhus far has cost ma 133.60. I have spent $22.50 for cards, $7.50 for rny petition and $3.50 for ad vertising. The limit permitted by law for this office Is $100. I would like to have the other candidates for Councllman-at-Large say how much they have spent in the campaign. "I have had an offer of the use of an automobile In going from 'place to place making my speeches, but I have preferred to use the streetcar, as people might say I was grafting." WEBB RESISTS RESEXTEXCE Murderer Once Condemned to Con test for Further Delays. On motion of Deputy District Attorney Collier yesterday morning that J. P. Webb be resentenced to death for the murder of William Johnson, Judge Mor row set Saturday for arguments. Webb's attorney, John C. McCue, protested against the resentencing of his client on the ground that he riled motion for appeal to the Supreme Court, but the state is preparing to show that until a certificate of probable cause ls granted Webb, his sentence cannot be stay-ed-on account of an appeal. Webb had been sentenced to die on December 13, 1910, but Judge Morrow re tained him in Portland as a witness in the trial of Carrie Kersh. charged jointly with Webb wltu the same crime. On the day that Webb should have been hanged, he was sitting In the witness chair in Judge Morrow's court The state law requires that criminals condemned to death must be hanged at Salem, and the only order causing the delay In Webb's death was that issued by the court retaining him In Portland. WAY TO MARKET IS SHOWN Agricultural College Professor to Give Practical Demonstration. An unusual platform demonstration will be made tomorrow night n the auditorium of the Portland Young Men's Christian Association by Profes sor A. G. Lunn, of Oregon Agricultural Collese. In connection with his address on "Preparing and Marketing Poultry Products." Professor Lunn proposes to demonstrate the proper way to prepare poultry for the market It will be a pract'eal demonstration. In the course of his lecture he will take a real live, squawking chicken, kill it, dry-pick it and dress It Thla will be only an Incident In the lecture, however, as Mr. Lunn will deal thoroughly with the methods of prepar ing and marketing poultry. He will speak from the experience gained in his department at the Corvallis college. This will be the final poultry lecture by Professor Lunn under the auspices of the Y. M. C. A. and the Junior Poul try Club. A week from tomorrow night Dr. E. F. Pernot, formerly of Oregon Agricultural College, will deliver the final adoress of the series. Government Witness Trees. PORTLAND, May i. (To the Editor.) Will you please explain how I can move a Government witness tree to a section corner without laying myself liable to the Federal Court? ERASTUS GARDNER. One cannot move a witness tree with out laying. himself liable to prosecution. WEST SHOULD GET TOURIST Seattle Railroad Man Wonld Draw Travelers From Europe. "More than 200,000,000 Is spent in Europe every year by American peo ple traveling merely for pleasure, but I doubt if $1,000,000 Is distributed by the same class through the Northwest each year," declared W. A. Ross, of Seattle, assistant general passenger agent of the Great Northern Railway and one of the organizers of the newly formed Northwest Tourist Association. Mr. Ross was in Portland on business yesterday and discussed plans that the association is making to turn the tide of tourist travel in this direction. "The Northwest ought to secure a large percentage of American tourist business," he declared. "I believe It can secure its rightful proportion if we go about it properly to accomplish that end. The organization which we formed to Tacoma the other day, and In which a number of Portland -men are actively Interested aims to co-operate with the various .cities of the Northwest in presenting the superior charms of this region to the tourist and especially to that class of tourist whp goes to Europe every year." William McMurray, general passen ger agent of the Harriman lines, and C. C. Chapman, manager of the promo tion bureau of the Commercial Club, are among the Portland men Inter ested in his movement. "SWAT THE FLY" NOW THE CRY Portland Council of Jewish Women Join Plan of Campaign. "Swat the Fly" ls now a motto of the Federated Women's Clubs of Oregon and in the crusade which will open May 15 with a general "Cleaning-Up day," the Portland Council of Jewish Women of Portland decided yesterday to join. The results of the annual meeting show Mrs. Julius Llppitt again presi dent of the organization and as other officers, Mrs. Maurice Goodman, vice president; Mrs. Samuel Herman, treas urer; Miss Sadie Delovage, correspond ing secretary; Mrs. Frederick Larger efian, recording secretary; Mrs. Fred erick Sellar, auditor, while new mem bers of the board Of directors are: Mrs. . George Lowenson, Mrs. Edward Goldsmith and Mrs. Henry Oppenheimer. The afternoon was taken up with re ports on the activities of the Neigh borhood Houses in South Portland and the retiring officers' reports. The debt contracted by construction of the new Neighborhood House is now almost cleared up and the prospects for a good year are of tho best. NEW LIEN PRECEDENT IS SET Sub-Contractor Need Not Wait Un- " til Work Is Finished. That sub-contractors are entitled under the state law to prosecute mechanics' lien . cases either within 30 days after the material ls furnished or Within 30 days after the worK Involved ls com pleted; was a ruling made yesterday morning by Judge Gar.tenbeln. establish ing a new precedent in local law prac tice. It was previously believed that the law permitted sub-contractors to file their suits only after the work was done, but Judge Gantenbein ruled that sub contractors had an advantage over the original contractors in being able to sue also within 30 days after material ls fur nished. The suit that brought out the ruling of the court yesterday morning was that of R. A. Hume against Edward Ryan & Son, Involving the repair of the Chamber of Commerce building. Hume was suing for $527.30, but a demurrer was entered by the defendants, who contended that he had brought suit before the time in which he was entitled to do so. Judge Gantenbein overruled this demurrer. BUILDERS - TO SEE FUTURE Plans of Portland 20 Years Hence ' " , Will Be Exhibited.. Portland as It will look 20 years from now will be pictured In sketches finished In colors before the National (Jlty Builders' Convention a new or ganization. ' The gathering will be held in Philadelphia and Dr. J. R. Wetherbee, Portland's representative, left last night to attend. D. H. Ben nett, of Chicago, who for the past ten months has been preparing p'ans for the reconstruction of Portland, will take part. The convention will bring together for the first time men who are follow ing a new profession building cities on architectural lines, with modern Ideas of landscape gardening. Dr. Wetherbee will also attend the meeting ofy the National Playgrounds Associatlon-which meets in Washing ton, D. C. He will visit as many cities as possible, to gain knowledge of how to build an auditorium. PLUMBERS OUT ON STRIKE Journeymen Refuse to Work When Old Scale Is Not Recognized. Consequent upon the failure of a few plumbing contractors to restore the old wage scale of $6 for eight hours labor, nearly a score of journymen plumbers went on strike yesterday. In 1907 the union plumbers voluntarily decided to accept $3 a day instead of $6 a day, hoping to keep more work going during the dull season. About a year ago the scale was put back to $5.50 In line with an agreement that the old scale was to be restored as fast as business con ditions warranted. A few weeks ago, the union plumbers decided that the wage should be f a day on and after May 1. Many of the shops had been paying at that rate for several months and the majority of the balance, according to members of the Plumbers' Union, signed . up when the ultimatum was delivered. It ls expected that the trouble with the contractors, who failed to sign, will be adjusted In a day or two. ELLIOTT IS EXPECTED TODAY Northern Pacific Railroad Chief Comes for Brief Visit. Howard Elliott, president of the Northern Pacific Railway, ls expected to arrive In Portland today for a brief visit. V In the absence of A. D. Charlton, as sistant general passenger agent in this city, F. H. Fogarty, assistant general freight agent, will receive Mr. Elliott. Mr. Elliott attended the dedication of the new Union Depot at Tacoma on Monday and there met officials of other roads. 100 More Carpenters Strike. LOS ANGELES. May 2. Union offi cials declared today that 100 more car penters walked out In the last 12 hours because the employers refused to raise the pay of all workmen from $3.50 to $4 a day. According to the strikers' figures, the men out now number 800, Switzerland Gets nero Fund. BERNE, Switzerland. May 3. It is officially confirmed that the govern ment has accepted $180,000 In the form of- United States steel bonds from An drew Carnegie for the purpose of es tablishing a Swiss hero fund. ' Advertising Talks By YVIlllnm C. Freeman. "A newspaper ls not the place in which to show a signboard. Merely printing the name of some article with out telling eomething about it won't pay. N "Advertising has reached the point where it is regarded as news by read ers of newspapers, and in order to make it effective it must be news." So said Marnlinll WliKlatoh, advertis ing manager of the Standard Milling Co. I wish Mr. Whitlatch would follow his own opinion in the advertising of hiscompany, as he is only using news papers now to a limited extent. What a fine thing it would be to tell about all the products they manu facture, in oft-repeatel series: of Intel ligent talks, telling how no human hand touches the products from the time the grain leaves the field until it Is pre pared for breadmaking, or piemaking, or biscuit-making how every preean tlon is taken to make it pure and per fect! The public i mightily interested in reading details about anything it eats, or wears, or Invests In, or that Is pro vided for Its entertainment. Signboards and streetcar cards, when used by advertisers, undoubtedly help in making namee known, but that is all they can do. Newspapers, after all, must do the educating must tell why the article should be used. A bunch of signs or streetcar cards In the newspapers would look queer, but articles that are advertised on sign boards and In streetcars, if truthfully and intelligently written about in dis play advertisements in the newspapers, would put these articles in touch with the people very quickly, and their sales would Jump much faster. (To be continued. Country Town Sayings by Ed Howe (Copyright, 1011. by Georere Matthew JVdams. ) Farmers say a mule holds resentment like an elephant, and finally gets an enemy with a big kick. When I was a boy, living In the ague district of Missouri, my mother com pelled me to take quinine in plum pre serves, and I have never had any use for plum preserves since. A little man can lilt a big man a mighty hard blow with a revolver. A man loafs around the broad road a good deal, but when it comes to going all the way. and living the rest of his life with the devil, he usually balks. No man Is as successful In his flirta tions with other women as his wife Imagines. A lazy man can never know the Joy of a well earned rest. sick, an says he can't imagine what the trouble is. I can tell him; he was born too long ago. I wish everything was as easy as se curing signatures to a petition. What difference between what you expect and what you actually get! A woman passed a barber shop. No customers being present, the five bar bers were sitting around. "The lazy things," the woman said. Half a Century Ago From The Oregonlan, May 4, 1861. The vote on Dryer's confirmation stood 34 ayes to 4 nays. M. Crawford, Esq., of Oregon, at the last dates, was in Washington City, making arrangements for the protec tion of the overland emigration to Ore gon. Mr. Coffin, of Portland, on this side, will meet the emigration, and Mr. Crawford in the Indian country. Colonel Dryer, with his wife, were to leave New York on the steamer of the 11th inst. for Oregon. We are authorized by gentlemen of the different parties to say that there will be a meeting tonight, at the Thea ter, of those who are willing to pledge their support to the Constitution, and to defend the Stars and Stripes. We have been asked if it will be pro per for ladles to attend the Union meet ing at the Theater tonight? We an swer that It will be perfectly proper. We hope to see many there. Few la dies can be found in Oregon so lost to patriotism as to be In favor of dishon oring the Stars and Stripes! Ladies, all come to the meeting! No 1910 Vote on Single Tax. TROUTDALE, Or., May 2. (To the Editor.) Did the Single Tax carry in the last election, and by what majority did It carry or lose? A SUBSCRIBER. Single tax was not presented In the last election. The single tax organiza tion, however, presented a constitu tional amendment which permits any county to experiment with any tax fad that strikes the fancy of the people of the county. This amendment carried but single tax cannot be made opera tive under it either as as a state or county measure without further vote of the people. Homesteads and Soldiers' Widows. PORTLAND, April 28. (To the Edi tor.) What does the law require of a soldier's widow in taking up a home stead? I have a chance to buy the im provements on a piece of land. Can I make entry through the mail, or must I reside on the land at once? My hus band served two years, and I receive a pension. SOLDIER'S WIDOW. A soldier's widow Is entitled under the law to whatever rights her husband had. She would be required to reside on the land the same as the soldier would be. The time he served in the Army would be deducted from the ftv years' residence required under the law. One cannot file by mail. Rights of Chinese. PORTLAND, May 1. (To the Editor.) (1) Can a Chinese legally take up a homestead if born in the United States? (2) Can a Chinese, If not a citizen of the United Statesacquire real property? (1) The local land office would refuse to permit filling by a Chinese without securing a decision on the matter from the Commissioner of the General Land Office at Washington, D. C. (2) No. Homeiftead Commutations. PORTLAND, April 28. (To the Ed itor.) Will you please let me know, through The Morning Oregonlan, If there has been a new ruling on home steads in regard to commuting in 14 months? SUBSCRIBER. Commuting on a homestead. is al lowed only after 14 months' continuous and unbroken residence. i