THE MORXlXG OREGOXIAX. THURSDAY, APRIL 20, 1011.
10
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COKTLA.VD. TntlOOaTt Al'KII. X. lBli.
TDtfrjUMEVT IX rOUTICA.
The recall by Tacoma voters of the
temperamental Mr. Fawcett teaches
at least out thins: In these stirring
Says of progressive legislation the
path of ths man In the Mayor's office
U thorny sad his political day- un
certain and full of trouble. We may
safely Infer that Mr. Fawcett thought
bs saw a lesson In the fate of lit Gill,
the recalled Mayor of Seattle. Mr. Gill
iu elected on a definite platform-
He promised a "wide open town and
we bar never heard It doubted that
he carried out his pre-election pledge
with energy and consistency. When
"Public Welfare" arose In Its might
Mr. U1U did not waver. He stood try
Ms colors, fought for his policy and
net defeat.
Mr. Fawcett was- elected perhaps
un not so definite a platform concern
, Ing regulation of social vices. T acorns,
'having Just previously built machin
ery of the commission-plan, designed
to turn out a finished product of mu
nicipal excellence, sat back and per
mitted the machinery to do all the
work. The result was the production
of city officials of the same old type
ho ran things in the same old way.
Mr. Fawcett was kind to the saloons
and hsunts of vice loo kind. "Public
Welfare" arose In Its might In Tacoma,
Is. But Mr. Fawcett. having wit
nessed Mr. Gill's fate, began assault
ing the demon rum with a loud clamor
apparently designed to appease "Pub
lic Welfare." For one thing, he pre
sented an antl-treatlng ordinance and
the people who later repudiated the
author approved the measure. But
"Publle Welfare" was not appeased.
It wanted no deserting generals from
the enemy, but one of its own. We
xnay therefore Infer from Tuesday's
returns that the man who attempts to
trim his sails to the winds of public
clamor Is Just as likely to be ship
wrecked in a recall storm as the one
who tries to beat against the gale.
It might be supposed that "Public
Welfare" was lft without an Issue In
the Tacoma campaign. Not so. Mr.
Fawcett could execute a flank move
ment sb far as policy was concerned,
but he could not alter his own tem
pramnt. There his enemies had
him. Temperament po-rmltted to run
riot from youth to middle age Is likely
to have left marks by the wayside. It
was recalled that Mr. Fa wo it had
been married four times and had not
always bees neted for the peace and
serenity of his fireside. He had been
too temperamental when County Com
missioner. The trait had shown Itself
la business transactions. It had pro
duced discord In his brief term as
Mayor. It was too much to expect of
a city possessed of a tranquil bay at
l'-s feet and a part Interest In a majes
tically solemn mountain at Its head to
submit to man-made discord In the
City HalL So the disturbing element
was bounced.
We may naturally wonder why this
disturbance was not foreseen In the
election a year ago and why exempli
fications In private life of Mr. Faw
cett's peculiar temperament were not
revealed at that time. Why have three
elections when one would do as well?
Why not reserve the recall for ue In
correcting abuses that could not be
foreseen? Why should not "Public
Welfare" be as active as protector as
It Is as bouncer?
RETOKD BaXaVtXO IHTEW.
The reports of the 7211 National
backs In the United States at the close
cf last month have Just bee made
public, and. like every other feature
of our financial and commercial situa
tion, they show remarkable Increases
ever those of previous years. The re
sources of these National banks reach
the total of $ 10:40.774. 000. an In
crease of about $400,000,000 over the
Cgures for the end of March. 110. In
Individual deposits, which were mors
than IS. J00. 0000. 000. there was a gain
of more than S7S.000.000. Surplus
and undivided profits showed similar
gains. The comparative figures for
the past ten years of the most Impor
tant Kerns In the report Just Issued
iTer a striking exhibit of the wonder
ful growth of the country.
Not even the panic of 107 succeed
ed In checking this growth or reduc
ing the totals for a single year In the
ten. In 101 neither deposits nor loans
hid touched the 13.080.000.000 mark,
the former totaling f 2.89 J. 65.000.
while loans were I2.ll 1.62. 000. In
1)01 these banks held tS50.000.000.
This year, at the same date, the cash
holdings were more than DOS. 000.009.
The gain was uniform throughout the
decade. In 10 the loans had reached
a total of Sl.141.17i.t9t and deposits
were SS.7S.4(7,OOO.a with cash hold
ings of 1(20.4)4.000. Loan Institutions
and truJt companies always hold much
greater deposits of money of the small
depositors than are carried by the Na
tional banks, but the National bank
statement shows a gain In deposits In
these Institutions aiooe of more than
SIS per capita.
This ststement reflects a very
Healthy financial condition and adds
towtimony to the general belief that the
present waiting attitude of business
throughout the country Is not due to
any scarcity of money. The deposits
are more than S 1.000.000.000 In excess
of those for the same date In March.
10T. when the country was at ths
height of the greatest prosperity It has
ever known, and loans and cash on
hand show Similar Increases. With
ths banks well supplied with cash. In
dividual deposits showing our people
to have mors money on deposit than
ever before, and with good crops and
hlgh'prlces. nearly all of the elements
for aa eld-time boom are present. Tha
one Indlapensabls element which seems
to be missing Is confidence. The air
sterns surcharged with uncertainty.
Our investors are holding aloof, await
ing the Supreme Court decisions In the
trust cases. Buyers and sellers of the
many commodities affected by the pro
posed reciprocity agreement are averse
to doing business until they can deter
mine the extent of the readjustment
that Is expected to take place when the
agreement is reached on this Important
matter. Fortunately, another year of
good crops, following- those of last
year, will put so much more money
Into the banks that great activity can
not be much longer deferred.
mlna tne exieni oi mo icuju.""""
that is expected to take place when the
A FALLACIOUS ARGOttXT.
"Whatever the American farmer
. ..... ..
plam, .rutn " " -
piani on snaroi wnu v.-..
Representative Hamilton, of Michigan.
In a typical anti-reciprocity speech
viv. v j.iivjir in th House Tues-
dav With an eaual degree of truth.
and with equal bearing on the sub- Mr. Hearst Is financing the Inquiry into
Ject under discussion. Mr. Hamilton I Vermilion County bribery rumors may
might have said that whatever the not be entirely groundless. If corrup
Mlchigan farmer plants from this time ' Uon exists In that section It is good
on he must plant on shares with Wis- ' Journalism to bring It to light and no
consin. or nis line oi reasoinus
w - i n..t. fi.gr -nri lorlcal
uvo oceu J - ' '
k.o v. -. . ,h. aorlit that what-
ever the farmer of Kalamaxoo planted
from this time on ho must plant on
shares with Ypsllanti. Perhaps If Mr.
Hamilton would take the troifble to
look into economic conditions in Can
ada and make a casual study of the
foreign markets, prices and inter
roreign maraets, yt;7 u " i
. . .... . hiIafi i
cnange oi ira;uc no wuu.u
. . . ... .i i.. ..i.i.h !. i
some oi me who moouto ,
protectionists have for years used In J
their political text doobs iur u-c-
. . f
live purposes oniy.
To be specific, let us take the case
of flour and mean), two great staples
which are both produced and con-
aumod in lara-e Quantities on both sides
of the line. Canada's exports of flour
for ths last fiscal year reached a total
of 1.000.000 barrels, while the exports
from the United States were 9.000.000
barrels. Both countries thus had a
large surplus, and both alike sold this
surplus In the same markets In Eu-
HAi KA I'nti.il Rtatfft el-
ported nearly J0.000.000 barrels of!
flour. Sine then home consumption
. . ..... . k. . ..iJ.iFl.in o f I
nas oeen ovcriaina me jjiwmmiuv- - i
such a rapid rate that the 9.000.000 J
. . . ....... .111 Ko'.ottll i
horroli total of last year will be still
further reduced this yesr. .
The decline In exports Dcgan oeioce
Canada became much of a factor tn i
. , . .. .. . I mrA th tatt
norr nt pnrai.Mvu, . i
that we are no longer able to supply I
the foreign markets with the amount I
. . . I Bi1.
tnat lormeriy tm iurio
tenUon to the rapidly-approaching
period when we can no longer produce
tiniic-h for our own use. It thus be
comes highly Important that our peo-
Comes nigniy impuriaui iui
. . k. n.OPOOt
Pie SnOUiU nave aivr. iu i
supplies Just as the farmer of Mlchi- !
gan should have access to the surplus
that the Wisconsin farmer may nave
to selL In meats, Canada sold In
England last year tt 17.000 worth of
hams and S. 400.000 worth of baoon.
Th t'nited States sold In England last
year S16.000.000 worth of bacon and
SIS. 000. 000 worth of hams, itad an
of the flour produced in Canada been
.am in th I'nlted States last year the
. i. ... i j k. . .- V. a. n n In
only rrsuu ouivt n.r .- .
crease In our flour exports to a iigurtrn
nearer the totals formerly snown.
There Is a strong sentiment
Ihrn.iohnilt tha COUHtrV that IS SO
throughout the country that la so
favorable to reciprocity that It seems .
strange that statesmen of the Hamll- l pIant otlta made that the long dls
ton tpe do not make a deeper study tance ov(5r hlch mall must be car-
of the subject, instead or cunging w
the ancient arguments the fallacy of ,
which has been exposed long ago.
w"hn th measure was under discus
sion last Winter a Senator quite prom
inno in th ranks of the opposition
acknowledged that he had not even
read the agreement. Mr. tiamuion,
of Michigan, may have read the agree
ment, but he certainly has paid but
mil attention to economic conditions
and trade statistics having a direct
bearing on the matter.
RArUSOAXVRATK KKT.rLATOR.
Ttv arrangement with the Mississippi
Valley Transportation Company, the
California-Atlantic Pieamsmp v-oin-pany
will establish through rates on
freight from St. Louis to Pacific Coast
points. Like all rates made by ths
water lines handling business between
iho two coasts, the rates will be sub
stantially lower than the rail rates.
Ths business handled by tne water
lines will therefore be greauy in
creased.
The extent to which these water
carriers can cut In on the business of
ih. tr.n-ontinrnul rail lines was
shown In the recent arrival in Port
land of a large consignment or glass
which had been carried by rail from
rhir to New York, thence by
steamer to ths Isthmus of Tchuante-
k.s. it was carried across tha lstamus
by rail, and then brought to Portland
by steamer at a lower rate than is
quoted by the railroad company. This
water-borne traffic between the At
lantic and the Pacific Coasts is In
creasing so rspldly that by the time
the Panama Canal is finished it wui
b of magnificent proportions, snd
'with the cost of portags across- ths
Isthmus removed there will b stii!
further reduction In the rates.
in th face of these actual transac
tions showing the Immensity of ths
traffic that can be divert oq irom tne
railroads. It seems strange to hear
from interior people thst water com
petition Is a myth and that an Inland
city that annot bs reached by this
. . t.mt .f all rata-rerulators should
enjoy the same rates as a city located
at tidewater. The Interstate com
merce Commission In Its findings in
the Spokane case made yery pointed
dmlssion of the existence or waier
competition when It said: "It cannot
h rinld In view of theso uncontro-
verted facts that water competition
does exist and that it does produce a
controlling effect upon rates to the
Pacific Coast from many Eastern des
tinations. If is beyond doubt that this
competition absolutely limits those
rates from New Tork and points with
in a few hundred miles of New York
and Pacific Coast termlnsls.
In a brief filed In the case recently
before the Interstate Commerce Com
mission at Washington. Mr. J. N. Teal,
of this cltv. msde a very Pt illustra
tion of the dominating Influence of
water rates over land rates by citing
the case of Coos Bay. where for years
spirited competition has existed be
tween water carriers with low rates
resulting. After citing the necessity
for a railroad to Coos Bay. ar. (
. -If a railroad Is built to COOS
Bay. and Is to participate In the traffic
to and at ths bay. It caa only do fo by
meeting ths conditions as It finds them
that is. the water rate, whatever
that rate may be. Cnder an Inflexible
long-and-short-haul clause It could do
this at such cost and under such pen
alties as are almost necessarily prohib
itive, for at all Intermediate points be-
e.- Oanrlaca and Coos Bay.
and between Portland and Coos Bay,
rates could not exceed the Coos Bay
terminal rate." '
Water competition Is today a more
nnrnt factor in ratemaklng and rate-
rea-utnHns- than ever before, and It
a-nlzed or Invoked wlth-
.
I out Ignoring the seeming in co "8"
UCS Ol UlC I u. B -
of the Interstate Commerce commis
sion law.
A.V UNWARRANTED PANIC.
Tt ! Imnnaslbls to svmDathlze
rreat deal with the frenry of appre
K.ni inifi vhlfh th a hrlberv lnves
, tlgaUon In Vermilion County, Illinois.
. has plunged tne esteemea unv
Commercial-News. This paper Is said
--,t(J ,pcak for Mr. Cannon and. If
iiv.n0. n of th fitness
tnings would induce It to show less
: rnr nt th nromised Investigation.
I whatever It may feel. The report that
. uuuui m z.
I If nn brlberv has been committed
I " .
; what has Mr. Cannon to dread? Let
th demoniac sir. nearsi u u nio u
he can not create bribery where none
is to be found. If he should attempt
tn aiihorn Derlurv. aa our valued con
temporary at Danville more than hints,
th conseauences must fall heavily on
his own head. Alter such a conspiracy
iivwM v ... -
.,,(. hi. fait, fnm Mr. Cannon
ov - , r:
v 1. 1 a ma.i11 nnio am with a nrlsnter
--.
and more immaculate luster than ever
ociurc.
in.. rr- t. fi.Mitoll th fhratn
. .......
I ing Investigation on the ground that
- t Is a plot against Mr. Cannon
i financed by Mrwllearst or by anybody
el so is Imbecile. Mr. Cannon's seat is
not In the faintest danger from the
bribery Inquiry 'Unless he has partic
ipated In bribery, a supposition not
tn ha ntrtslnd for a moment.
The sensible attitude for Mr. Cannon
and his friends to assume toward tne
hrihorv investigation Is one of helpful
Interest. If they try to obstruct, the
grand Jury or to obscure the facts tne
'consequences can not but be disas-
. fV.nm..li'n. Whpn th FTH Tl (I
uu v mttni .
jury completes Us researches no doubt
r. p.nnAfi m-111 h vnnMfd of everv
Mr. Cannon w ill be exonerated of every
susT'clon of Improper conauct. uui u
the Investigation Is impeaea tne ex
oneration cannot take place. The pub-
1 ! . .. Ill ln.vlt.hlv malt flrt lt mind
i. wi. "-" .'-.-"j -
that behind the efforts to prevent a
full Inquiry there was a reason and It
. . k. . . .. ........ malr. ,hl
is simply human nature to make this
reason as black as possible.
- Opinions about Mr. Cannon's useful-
Ttmmm rt If for wldlV. hilt DOIli Of hlS
countrymen have ever connected his
coumrjuitu " ' " " ' "-"""
.... ..I.k Imn.nni. oAnHPl VftW thflt
name nun k.w..k.M... --
a cloud has arisen which might possi-
bly darken the conclusion of his long
and honorable career, his friends can
render him no more faithful service
than to help clear It asvay.
LONO DLSTAXCKA AND . THE PARCKLS
-A letter from a gentleman in Cali
fornia which The Oregonlan prints
this morning gives some Interesting
bits of Information about our postal
arrangements In comparison with
ihiuA nf nrhor rnuntr'As. The writer.
1 Mr. Edward Berwick, who Is presl-
dant of ,he postai progress League of
-,nr.,in hwii nartlcularlv on ths
, tne United States make a par-
cc,s port uncornmonly difficult hero,
u ldle tQ clte tne ,UCOefui opera-
tion of the parcels post in European
countries." Say its opponents. "Condi
tions there sre so different from ours
that no Inferences csn bs. drawn.
Their distances aro all short, while
ours stretch across the continent."
Of course this argument Is a mere
piece of special pleading, but It im
presses some readers. Mr. Berwick
shows how Incorrectly It states the
facts of the case. New Zealand's pop
ulation Is not so dense as ours, but It
has a parcels post In successful opera
tion. England sends parcels by mail
all the way from London to India, a
distance of 10.000 miles, at rates which
ought to make our postal aa'-Uorttiea
blush with shame.
How much basis there Is for the fuss
and fury our postofTice expends on the
carrlngt. of second-class matter at the
preeent rate may be discerned by com
paring the charge here with that In
Canada. The rate there Is a quarter
of a cent a pound and ths department
ntts an annual profit of a million do
1ms. Here at a cent a pound It Is
asserted that a huge deficit results.
Cr.e Is ccmpelled to Infer that there la
a. lack of efficiency and thrift some
where, snd certainly It Is not In Can
ada. A department which allows It
self to be systematically swindled in
making its contracts ought by all tha
rules cf common sense to expect a
deficit.
The ploa of our vast distances will
not protect our postal service from the
Canadian comparison because It is
quite as fsr from ocean to ocean north
of the parallel of 49 degrees ss it Is
south of It. Canada transports par
cels of all sorts as far as our Gov
ernment does, charges a lower rate for
the service and shows a proflt on ths
buf ness where we must put up with a
deficit, -or wflh' w hat our postal au
thorities choose to call a deflc'.t. It Is
vhlspered by some observers that If
they understood bookkeeping a Utile
better the deficit would cut far less of
a figure than It does. ,
The confession must bs made, sad as
It is, that the main purpose of our
postofflce seems to have been not so
much to serve the public ss to shun
all possible business. No extensions
sre made unless Congress, urged by
popular clamor, explicitly ord;s them.
No plaits emanate from the depart
n.int for or.ltrg'ng Its usefulness. Such
as are adopted come from other
sources nr.d the officials appiz thorn
rtluctaitly. TSi-y move forwaM l'ke
an Irish pt-rkt r on the way to market,
with the ham foremost. X capaole
m.-.gaztn vtlter has remarked that
any other corporation run on the
same principles as our postofflce would
be bankrupt In few months. The
idea of doing Just as little business as
possible would be fatal anywhere ex
cept in a Government department
There it meets with a languorous suc
cess because there Is the public purse
to draw upon.
The publlo stands toward the post
office In the same relation as a benevo
lent uncle who has set up a thriftless
nephew In a business be Is too Indolent
to manage and who must therefore
forever be dlplpng Into his pocket for
subsidies. Ths Federal postofflce has
a plant consisting ot rented cars; mall
pouches.. rural delivery outfits, and so
on, w hlch would carry on seversl times
ths business actually transacted. The
pouches go from town y town with
half a dozen letters In them when
they might Just as well bs filled with
parcels. Ths rural delivery carts pa
rade thriftlessly up and down the
country roads.' carrying a Tew letters
and papers, when. there would be no
additional expense if they were laden
with .goods.
1 1n- reason why we cannot have a
parcelr post in this country has been
stated many, many times, but It will
bear stating once more. It is because
the express monopoly will not consent
to It. The express plunder Is so rich
and abundant that those who enjoy it
will never give ' it up until they are
compelled by law, and they will fight
the law to the last gasp. The cry so
often heard that the parcels post would
Injure the country storekeepers is non
sense. The truth Is that It would
benefit them Immensely by giving them
a cheap delivery service to rural cus
tomers. The reason wny country peo
ple go to the city to make purchases is
that, since they must make a Journey
anyway to get what they want, they
decide to go on to the city, where there
is a larger stock to choose from and a
chance to attend the matinee between
trains. If the country, merchant could
deliver purchases by post, the farmers
would send in mail orders to him by
preference because he gives then
credit. His business would multiply
Instead of falling off. That has been
the experience of other countries and
it would be the experience here. The
United States is not Inhabited by a
race totally unlike other human beings.
The same causes will produce the same
effects with us as in Europe.
The deficit In our postal department
Is probably Imaginary, but if it were
real and the officials felt a sincere de
sire to remove It, the first recourse
they would turn to would be a parcels
post.
The failure of the Alaska Packers'
Association to secure Hawaiian and
Filipino laborers to take the place of
the diminishing supply of Chinese will
nndoubtedly have some 'effect in
shortening the pack of the season, and
as, the pack Is shortened the price will.
Increase. Whatever objection may be
raised against the Chinese laborers in
other lines of industrial effort, the
white man has not yet found a satis
factory substitute for them in the
Alaska canneries. The white. labor
that can be found In the cities cannot
be depended on to undergo the hard
ship and hard work attendant on a
season in the Alaskan canneries. There
Is too much work of an easier nature
nearer civilization. The "iron chink."
a mechanical invention that does the
work of several men, has partially
made up for the loss of the real
"chink," but it falls far short of meet
ing the demand. It will be many years
before the Chinaman's place in the
Alaskan canneries will be satisfactor
ily filled.
The New York, New Haven & Hart
ford Railroad, which gridirons most of
New England, proper, is promoting a
development movement planned on
lines similar to the work so successful
ly carried on In Oregon. The railroad
la in charge of President Charles F.
MeHen, formerly president of the
Northern Pacific and essentially a
Westers man. His first lieutenant is
Vice-President Ben Campbell, who
was doing railroad promotion work in
Oregon more than twenty years ago.
Portland and Oregon were losers when
the call of the East took Ben Camp
bell back to the land of high positions
and big salaries, but we feel compli
mented to note that the Oregon de
velopment system was good enough to
be adopted in ancient New England.
Some difficulty may be experienced in
producing prizewlnnlng apples and
strawberries tn the Puritan belt, but
the present product can no doubt be
Improved and increased by the adop
tion of Oregon methods.
Obviously tne pink slippers found on
the streets of Centralla were left by a
prince in search of a bride. The girl
who can wear them Is the' chosen one.
When the gay and handsome groom
appears to claim' her may some lucky
photographer be on hand to take his
picture. We should like to see how
he looks. Wouldn't you?
The conviction of Caseday, the Crook
County Deputy'Sheriff who allowed a
gang of lynchers to murder Ollle Sny
der, has been upheld by the Supreme
Court. Caseday s dereliction was crim.
inal and it Is proper he should pay the
penalty.
Contraband opium ought, of course.
to be confiscated, but why should it
be destroyed? The drug Is useful and
dear. If the supply captured from
smugglers were turned over to the
hospitals, they could make good use
of It.
There's nothing like grasping at the
last chance. Up on the Mohawk a
spinster of B0 hassued a blade of 64
for breach of promise the second time,
a first suit having been settled with
more promises.
Oregon growers will make note that
Eastern potatoes are coming to the
North Coast In several car lots
dslly, and govern themselves accord
ingly.
New York's bakeries are discovered
to be "horribly filthy." Many bakeries
are that way, because there are o
women around to keep things clean.
The "hard times" bogle must stand
aghast to learn that the Pittsburg St
Lake Erie road has ordered 2000 steel
freight cars at a cost of S2. 000, 000.
Tacoma must find the pastime of
recalling its officials rather agreeable.
It costs something, but what's the odds
bo you're 'appy?
Old dependable Statute of Limita
tions is helping out the Idaho bankers,
or, to put It plainer,- helping them td
keep out. . -
A net average profit of $2.50 on 600 I
hens is tne laiesi iorin racinc rec
ord, but It took work to do it.
Tacoma is recall . mad. In two"
weeks they will take a whack at four
commissioners.
Kiier-s nf the recall in Tacoma may
well throw a scare into some people.
Th nrohlbltion ticket Is made up
apd sounds like the oid-rollcall.
Georre Gould has some of his
father's finesse, after All.-
Fine horses are bringing good money
at the breeders sale.
Where do the Mexican rebels get
their ammunition?
Oh, well, it was only the second
game. .
DISTANCES AJTD PARCELS POST
Loag Hants Are Not Bar to Cheap
Service tn Other Countries.
PACIFIC GROVE. Cal., April 10. (To
the Editor.) There are always "things
doing" In the matter of up-to-date uni
versal Parcels Post.
Unfortunately it is not the United.
States that is doing them.
We take a back seat and mumble out
excuses for not doing things on account
of our long, distances. From England
to Abyssinia is no mean Journey yet the
British Postofflce has recently an
nounced an Abyssinian rate of 4s. 6d.
($1.08) for 11 pounds, while the United
States Postofflce still charges $1.76
for 11 pounds, in three parcels, from
New York to Brooklyn. These latter
must compulsory be done up In three
separate packages, as no 11 pound par
cels are allowed at merchandise rates
In our domestic malls.
Great Britain sends 10.000 miles, to
Indo-China,- at the following rates:
three pounds. 24 cents, seven pounds.
43 cents, and 11 pounds. 72 cents, and
we pay 64 cents for four pounds, from
San Francisco to Oakland, less than 10
miles.
New Zealand with a wide-scattered
population of less than 1,000,000 has a
domestic parcels post rate ranging from
one pound for eight cents to 11, pounds
48 cents moreover, this small colony
has a foreign parcels post with coun
tries so numerous as to cover with the
various rates and regulations 90 pages
of the New Zealand Post and Telegraph
Guide for January. 1911.
Our northern neighbor, Canada, has a
similar list of far away lands with
which her merchants can keep in touch
by means of a low-priced parcels post.
She manages to carry second- class
matter for one-fourth of one cent per
pound, and yet makes nearly $1,000,000
profit annuallv on her postal business.
The Unltedstates Postal Guide enu
merates only about 40, of these distant
places as on -our parcels post list. To
about all. of them. save France,
our citlsens can forward 11-jteund
packages at the rate of 13 cents
per pound; or four cents per pound less
than it costs to the nearest village.
Moreover, the American express com
panies carry for the British public all
parcels up to 11 pounds from New York
to any part of the Union at a flat rate
of 24 cents; but no such figure Is of
fered to Americans "residing at home.
Why is 4hls?
This Is because foreign rates are
made by the President and Postmaster
General, while the making of domestic
rates is In the bands of Congress. Is
not it time the people Instructed Con
gressmen and Senators as to their
wishes? EDWARD BERWICK.
President, Postai Progress League of
California. .
CRIERS THROUGHOUT THE TOWJT
Puritan Cnatoms Revived for Spring
Held' 275th Birthday.
Springfield Republican.
The committee to have charge of the
celebration of the 275th anniversary of
the founding of Springfield has learned
that "Colonel" Charles L. Young, who
was appointed chief of the "town criers"
for anniversary day, has caught the
spirit and has already entered In the
schema with characteristic seal. The
committee plan to have tne criers an
nounce the events of- the observance and
"Colonel" Young, as chief crier, will
have 30 or 40 assistants costumed in
Puritan garb who will start out early
in the morning from different quarters
of the city making announcement of the
programme for tne historical celebration.
Each of them will carry Dens, as mo
old-time criers were wont to do, and in
"ye olde fashion" will read a proclama
tion by Mayor Lathrop.
The criers will start on the outskirts
and work their way Into Court Square,
where they will form in a large circle
and then make their announcements in
unison. The criers will also attend the
services to be held In the schools and at
each place visited will tell the pupils
why the celeoration is being held and
recite a brief sketch of the history of
the city.
-The committee adopted blue and buff,
the Continental colors, as the official
colors for the anniversary observance.
Oscar Buchhols was appointed a com
mittee of one to arrange for pennants
In the official colors and bearing the
dates: "1636-1911. Springfield, Mass.," and
possibly a picture of St. Gauden's statue,
"The Puritan."
Treasure Lore In Mexico CKy.
. Mexican Herald.
oranra la exciting the minds
of a large group of citizens in this city
these days. The treasure, wmcn is uup
poied to consist of the value of $5,000,000,
, - it. hnn.nlli tha Snanish Main.
nor yet under the Alameda. It was put
Into the ground Dy sisier Aiargarna,
Who once ruled over the convent of Los
Bonltae. -
n- unnn a time, the rumor pays.
which has sent men and women to dig
ging. Sister Margarita loJd away 5,000,000
h trniira nf the convent. Just
to have it for a rainy day. Then, when,
she came to lay down the mortal burden
of life, she toid one Dr. Vlela' of the
hid ns place, but ne never went aner
the treasure.
However, many years after, the good
. ,nM .m.nii. that someone had
told him where tne treasure was Dunea.
This second someone told someone else,
until, finally. It reached down to today.
Eventually it came to Dr. Manuel Es
plnosa de los Monteros, Mrs. Crescencla
G. de Leon, J. Miranda and Cristobal
Gil. who are expecting to divide the for
.tune when it Is discovered. Their ef
forts so tap- have resulted, let It be said.
In the sole discovery of mud and old
sticks.
Charles Dickens Claased as Dandy. 1
- London Tit-Bitn.
"I thought he looked like one of our
river gamblers." Such is the descrip
tion of Charles Dickens, given by Pren
tice in an account of his tour of the
United States.
A tendency for overdressing was al
ways one of Dickens' characteristics
A very spruce man," Is the description
given of the famous novelist by another
writer. "He brushed frequently, changed
his collars several times a day, and
combed hie hair 100 times a day."
A photograph of Dickens, taken in
1852, shows him In a frock coat with
broad velvet collar, a waistcoat made of
some furry stuff, and trousers of a huge
check.
Percy Fitzgerald says the French
painter's- remark that Dickens was
"more like one of the old Dutch ad
mirals we see In the picture galleries
than a man of letters," conveys an ad
mirably true idea to his friends.
m
Tase of a Thousand Flower.
, New York Herald.
One' of the moat admired objects In
an artistic collection wnicn was onerea
for sale recently In the American Art
Galleries, was a. superb "Vsoe of a
Thousand Flowens." It was sold for $1300,
the top price of the day, to a collector
whose name 'was withheld from publica
tion. This vase Is one of yie finest exam
ples of the Chien Lung period shown In
this city In many a day. being of sonor
ous porcelain and having Its entire sur
face covered with various flowers
painted In the richest transparent ana
opaque enamels. It is 1? Inches. In height
and 14V in diameter.
Chicago Drama of Real Life.
Chicago Record-Herald.
"Look here," the angry manager ex
claimed, "what do you mean by turn
ing in such a play as this to me? You
let the villain marry the heroin oand
permit the-hero to get the worst of it
all around, although h is.an exemplary
young nun -.who has always led a
blameless life." ,
"Well, you said you wanted a play
that was 'true to life, didn't your"
1 BRISGIXG TREES FROM EUROPE
France, Holland and Grere Britain All
Help Fi In Forestatlon.
Review of Reviews.
It is not generally realized that a
large percentage of the trees planted In
this country have been Imported from
Europe.
There are nurseries in this country
which grow a few native seedling, like
the Western catalpa and white pine, but
these are mainly for reforestation. As
a matter of fact, most of our shade
trees and evergreens and all of the
grafted and budded varieties come from
; Europe. Even our native trees, such
as the American red oak and the Colo
rado blue spruce, are propagated
abroad. The propagation of young
trees is a form of intensive farming
which has been developed to its high
est state in France, Holland and Eng
land. Owing to the milder climate in Eu- )
rooa and morn freniint ra.infa.ll. the 1
cuttings and seedlings root there more
quickly and make a rapid growth. The
difference in the cost of labor in this
country and Eurone. moreover, makes
it cheaper to Import - young trees.
Pi.nfino tror.m.ntio h,irfrfinr
Planting, transplanting, budding.
grafting and weeding require a great
deal of manual work. In Holland they
hire boys to do the weeding for 18
cents a day, while their most experi
enced men gSt less than our common
laborers. s
Another advantage the foreign nur
series have is the length of their trans
planting season. In France and Hol
land there is seldom more than six
weeks in the Winter when the ground
is frozen too hard to dig trees. Plant
ing is begun in the Fall and continued
with only .this slight Interruption until
May. This gives the planters six
' months to send out orders and to do
i their transplanting. In this country
I we have only four two months in the
I Spring, one month late in the Summer
for evergreens, and one month in the
Fall for deciduous trees.
But, while European nurseries have
the advantage of Ms in growing small
trees, conditions, in this country are
more favorable for developing large
specimens. Small trees require a great
deal of labor, but are grown close to
gether and do not need much ground.
Large trees, on the other hand, do not
require as much attention, but they
must have plenty of room to develop.
Labor is cheap In Europe; good land
. is expensive. The largest trees in the
Old World nurseries are not over 8
years. In this country they require
several years of cultivation before they
are sufficiently developed to be plant
ed out permanently.
All the European nurseries pack the
trees they send to this country with
scrupulous care. As a general rule
they arrive in splendid shape. Those
which are packed in wooden boxes,
when they are allowed ventilation, ar
rive in better condition than those
wrapped in straw and burlap. The
latter, are apt to mildew slightly.
When a tree Is dormant it will stand
a great deal of handling. The trees are
dug In the European nurseries early in
the Winter. They are kept in the packing-houses
untll February, when they
are packed and sent to the steamers.
Early In March- they arrive in New
York. A week or two later they are at
the nursery. There they are "heeled
In" until the ground has thawed so that
they can be planted. But with all this
handling very few of them die. One
Spring we received a lot of Norway
maples when we were unusually busy.
They are "heeled in" when they ar
rived, that is, laid on the ground and
earth thrown over their roots,- and it
was June before we had time to plant
them. - Not one of them died.
COrV ELEVATOR FOR TOXLE SAM
Unique Arrangement Will Lift and
Lower Bis; Sana In Treasury.
Washington Herald.'
A new elevator - for the exclusive
purpose . of carrying money up and
down a distance of eight feet has been
Installed in the Treasury Department.
Built like a great wire cage, it trav
els from the sub-basement of the
Treasury, where the big bullion vaults
are situated, to the main basement,
eight feet above. ' In the basement the
money 1 ' loaded into and unloaded
from wagons.
Heretofore money received and sent
out of the Treasury has been hauled
over the sidewalk in great iron chests.
Secretary MacVeagh thought this dan
gerous and had the vaults shifted.
Now the wagons can drive in and back
up tq a door of the basement, behind
which is the "bullion elevator." The
money is loaded direct from the ele
vator to the wagon.
Conntry Town Sayinjs by Ed Howe
(Copyright. 1911,- by George Matthew
Adams.)
A man who says "we" occasionally
is generally admired. m
Three years is the age at which a
man's children usually begin to make
him pay damages:
I never knew a man who could chew
tobacco decently. -
No ma'n thinks he is a bore, although
he knows that many of the other men
are. (
There are two things that can't be
left alone; a baby, and a gasoline stove.
If a man's opinion is not asked by the
second day. he will break in.
After all. sympathy does not leave
much of an impression. .
When a man knocks softly at your
door, he oomes to borrow.
Everybody is more or less two-Vaced.
When a man is really In love, . he
doesn't care who knows it.
Anybody who will speculate in mines I
in nlav Doker. I
------ .
Tr m.n thlnlra his teath. whon
pulled, come particularly hard. And the ;
men are right; every man's teeth come
particularly hard.
The Odd Change In Kansas.
Kansas Industrialist. .
The value of the farms in Kansas la
only $1,733,653,000.61. ' The 61 cents
was for a new wrench and a quart of
gasoline.
Half a Century Ago
From The Oregonlan April 20, 1861.
The Public Square is capable of being
made a most beautiful and Interesting
promenade, and a credit to the city. The
Mftvnr recommends that it shall be im- .
proved. This ought to be done, and 1
the sooner the better- tne sooner we
shall enjoy its pleasures and advant
ages. We nave not a pieasani. pium-
enade about our city. We never snau
have until the Public Square is im- i
proved. Nothing but the poverty or me
city should prevent its improvement.
Indian Troubles On the 6th of this
month the appearance of affairs at
Humboldt Bay1 Indicated an outbreak.
There were only 60 soldiers there and
30 whites, opposed to over 1000 Indians.
.The Illinois Teacher denounces the'
wearing or noops or ous wnn
short dpsses.
To make room for new buildings,
within a few days past, several old
skeletons have left First street anu
been i located elsewhere.
MOKG the live topics recently dis-
ciety which meets occasionally in a town
not 100 miles from this city was this:
Why is it that 1911 love and friendly
letters are not so altruistic, interesting
and filled with passionate devotion, as,
for Instance, the letters preserved from
George Washington, the two I-ttons and
I Robert L. Stevenson? Married women
' present complained that the letters sent
to them, when they were at the sea
shore, by their husbands, were brief,
curt and without passionate devotion.
Two other women complained that they
rarely got letters from their husbands,
that the latter usually telephoned or
telegraped, and that the most welcome
letters they received were those contain
ing checks. The meeting agreed, with
' mournful unanimity of opinion, that the
day of great letter writing Is past,
I I' should not be forgotten, however,
, that , celebrated authors like the two
Lyttone and Stevenson deliberately
wrote for the future, with the knowl-
edge that their letters would be printed
and read for the delectation of other
generations. Their letters were therefore
carefully written, polished, altered,
fussed over and pruned. "Will this let
ter keep alive my reputation as a great
literary man. after I am dead?" wsa
the thought constantly kept in mind. A
recent biographer and personal friend
of Robert Louis Stevenson said in
book he recently Itisued that often
Stevenson's private talk was not on a
level with the exquisite printed thoughts
he expressed, and that many of the
Steveneon letters were laboriously con
structed. .
"The Personal and Literary Letters of
Robert,. First Earl of La'tton," recently
issued by his daughter, Lady Betty
Balfour, show that Earl Lytton, poet
and diplomatist, was a far better letter
writer than his. distinguished father, the
author of "Pompeii," "Pelham," "Zanoni'
and other celebrated novels. There is a
striking purity of thought and finely
moulded sentiment In Earl Lytton's let
ters. Some of his father's letters to his
unfortunate wife breathe, at first, the
loveliest sentiment and absolute devo
tion, and others are very silly. Latterly,
his letters were abusive. Baron Lytton
and his wife were legally separated in
the year 1836 and they afterward became
bitter enemies. In 1S39 she published a
novel called "Cheveley; or the Man ot
Honor," In which her husband was the
villain. She publTshed erotic letters sent
to her from her husband, but the book
was suppressed by the authorities.
Aa for George Washington's letters. It
Is well known that he was a poor
Bpeller. At least, we In 1911 spell better
than the father of our country.
a
Few - lovers of Rudyard Kipling's
"White Man's Burden" would suspect
that that poem was originally written
In prose In a 2000-word letter, and
crossed the ocean addressed to George
Cram Cook, the author of "The Chasm."
published this Spring. Such, however. Is
the case. Mr. Cook had volunteered for
the Spanish-American war and in 1SA8
wae encamped with his regiment in
Florida with no better fighting in front of
him than that with typhoid. One reemlt
was a lengthy correspondence with Mr.
Kipling, whom he had previously met.
concerning the war, Its political and
spiritual consequences and the rela
tions between England and America as
two big parts of "The Tribe." The Im
portant letter in question came addressed
to "Ex-Profeseor Corporal Cook, Seventy
Million Strong."
"Marriage," said GSorge Ade, at a din
ner in New York. is a wonderful thing.
Marriage changes people so. I met a
man the other day who had recently
married, and he looked so different that
I said:
" 'Why, my boy, I thought you were
tall. But you're ehorter than when I
saw you last. You are actually short
now-' . ,
" 'Yef, I am short,' he returned. 1 ve
married and settled down, you know." "
Thousands of people know about the
adventures of "Abe Potash" and
"Mawrus Perlmutter." But about Mon
tague Glass, their creator, few people
know scarcely anything. Mr. Glare, who
lives away up town in New York City,
fs an Englishman by birth, having been
born in Manchester. He came to this
country In 1S91 and began studying, and
later practising, law. His profession hap
pened to lead him into intimate contact
with clients of the type he afterward
came to depict in his famous Potash
and Perlmutter stories, a new edition
of which has Just been published.
Th rewards of literature, as Lord
! Rosebery remarked in' the course of his
Dickens centenary aaarese. me unc.
Inadequate. They might possibly b
greater if all publishers displayed the
same sporting spirit as the late George
Smith. He tells in his Reminiscences,'
says the Pall Mall Gazette, how Anthony
Trollope, when offered 2000 for a serial,
stood out for another 1000 and finally
suggested a toss for the amount in dis
pute. "I asked him Jf he wished to ruin
me. and eaid that if my banker heard
of my tossing authors for their copy
right he would certainly close my ac
count. We ultimately came to an agree
ment on my terms, which were sufficient
ly liberal. But I ' felt uncomfortable I
felt mean I had refused a challenge. To
relieve my mind I said. 'Now that is
settled, if you will come over to my
club, where we can have a little room to
ourselves for five minutes. I will towi
you for 1000 with pleasure.' Mr. Trol
lope did not a'ceept the offer."
The publication of Miss R. Macaulay's
Welsh novel, "The Valley Captives"; H.
Stuart-Jones' "Classical Rome," a his
torical guide, and Frederick Bliss
Luquien's "Three Lays of Marie de
France Retold in English Verse, ' has
now been definitely fixed for Saturday.
New editions are announced of W. B.
-i.-t.it. -'CMi! and College Sneaker,
and Raymond M. Alden's "The Art of
Debate." The latter author's "Introduc-
tlon t0 poetry," a useful dook tor cia.ea
Ti. i !.. tro nr for the ceneral read-r, .
s going Into Its third edition, and a 13th
i..ti- is Htinnuneed of Duruy'S "His
tory of the Middle Ages.",
oo
"Psychic Phenomena. Science and Im
mortality,", by Henry Frank, which is
meant to supplement and complete the
work of research which the author has
already done on the problem of the fu-
The 100th anniversary of the birth of
Charles Dickens is to be recognized by
a world-wide celebration, and Boston is
taking a leading part in the plans. The
Twentieth Century Club, St. Botolph
Club, Art Club, Authors' Club and Press
Club, members of the faculties of Har
vard and Wellesley and other Institutions
are desirous of taking part In some
adequate observance of the date Feb
ruary 7, 1812. H. Snowden Ward Is quoted
as eaying: "Boston probably contains
more citizens who knew Dickens than
any 'other city In America; it has at
least two Of his hostesses: it has the
oldest and one of the moat active Dickens
societies the Ail-Around Dickens Club."
o
Miss Clara Laughlin, the author of
"Just Folks" and literary editor of the
Continent, has sailed for Europe where
she will remain for the next five months.
"The Green Curve" Is the title giving
number of the group of 11 gripping
and awe-Inspiring stories of war mod
ern war, highly scientific but terrible as
ever originally told by "'Ole Luk-Oie"
"for the entertainment of soldiers." The
tense tales are of varying degrees ot
sinister and dramatic vigor; in some,
grim touches of humor are not lacking.
A
t
I