T1TE MORXIXO OREGOXTAN. MONDAY, MAItCIT 20, 1911.
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rORTLAtD. MONDAT. MARCH re. ltlL.
EOLASI-8 ABMAIT.T CTUia-V.
In til speech of Sir Edward Grey.
Mr. Asquith's Secretary of Foreign
Affairs, there) was nothing- that has not
repeatedly been aet forth by other
peace lovers who have for years pro
tested airalnst this costly race for' naval
and military supremacy. But In the
past all protest came from an clement
of soclaiy which was ao far In the
minority that little or no heed was
riven It. Tha complaint of tha Enr
ich socialist over tha staggering bur
den of war machinery and war debts
waa drowned In the roar of alarm
over continued reports of Increasing
activity In Germany's naval yards and
military camrs. The prayers of the
clergymen and the reace societies re
ceived scant consideration, while sta
tistics on tonnage and gun power were
regarded with breathless and undis
guised Interest.
t'nder the existing war policy of
Great Britain there can be but one
result and that Is national bankruptcy
when the limit of this expense for
peace protection Is reached. In
discussing this irar policy, which
called for a ateady multiplication of
debts and attendant Impoverishment
of the people, most of Great Britain's
statesmen who paid but small heed to
the protests of the peace lovers have
apparently discerned only danger from
outward" sources. It remained for
Elr Edward Grey to point out a graver
danger which might arise at home. In
his speech In the parliamentary de
bate Sir Edward thus warned the peo
ple: "It Is the most civilized nations
that apend the most on armaments.
Unless the mischief Is brought home
to men's feelings, as sell as to their
minds, the growth of armaments must
In the long run break civilization
down. Some think it will end In war.
1 think it more likely It wlU end In
Internal revolution.
In admitting that a top-heavy naval
and military budget might prove as
great a menace to the people provid
ing It as to those against whom It Is
supposed to be directed. Sir Edward
delivered a staggering blow to the
Jingoes who have ever professed a de
sire for no limit on the expense of
preparation for wars which never
come. Every point brought out In
Eir Edward'a peace proposal applies
with equal force to contestants other
than Great Britain In this great Inter
national race for naval or military su
premacy. Germany Is a comparatively
late entry In the naval race, but she
has spent money so much faster aince
he entered the contest than any of
the other powers that the murmurs of
her people have a steadily rising In
flection. If there Is an economic advantage
for Great Britain and the United
States In an Anglo-American alliance
for the purpose of reducing the steady
welling In armaments there Is a sim
ilar advantage for Germany and all
ether enlightened nations. Money now
squandered In vast sums on the army
and nary will find better use In other
directions. There are grtat possibili
ties In the peace proposal and It may
yet develop that -lr Edward Grey with
bis warning speech has "fired a shot
heard round the world."
MUX THET CJLME.
Interviews with a number of newly
arrived colonists from various states
east of the Rocky Mountains Indicate
that the present record-breaking
movement is due to the very excellent
team work of the railroads, the news
papers and the people. This work of
exploitation would not. however, have
been possible had not Oregon pos
sessed some advantages that were
missing In the localities from which
our new citizens are coming. Numer
ous newcomers Interviewed were In
duced to come to Oregon by the ex
cellent showing of the state's re
sources and opportunities In the fiftieth
anniversary of The Oregonlan which
had been sent them by friends or rela
tives. Others came In response to the
appeal of the railroads and of local
publicity bureaus. A few for no spe
cial reason followed an Impulse to "go
west," One of Saturday's arrivals was
attracted to the country because ha
heard "a fellow bragging about It."
Underlying all of these various
causes which Induced the colonists to
make the trip across the continent
was the one potent influence a de
sire to better their condition, physical
or material or both. The Interviews
disclose considerable faith In the fu
ture on the part of these colonists and
they again demonstrate the wisdom of
confining ail advertising and exploita
tion of Oregon's resources to the plain
tacts. Except for an occasional
"boomer" attempting to make up a
shortage of merit with a surplus of
fiction. Oregonlans have been content
to submit the facta regarding thia
country and Its resources and let the
reader attracted by such statements
use his own Judgment. We know what
can be done In this country by Indus
try and thrift, because throughout the
Northwest there are thousands of peo
ple who have made practical demon
strations of the matter and have piled
up good-eized bank accounts In less
time and with less effort than similar
results could have ben secured
elsewhere.
The Oregonlan. In the anniversary
number, given wide circulation In the
East, and In its daily news columns,
has avoided exaggerated statements
regarding the wonderful resources of
the Northwest. The bare facts In the
case were always sufficiently alluring.
Five or ten years hence we shall be
adding the testimony of many of those
now arriving to that which has at
tracted the present rush.
It Is exceptionally pleasing to Port
land to note that such a large per
centage of the new arrivals is headed
for the country. Whit Portland needs
more than anything else Is more peo
ple engaged In producing the commod
ities for which there is a ready sale In
the city and throughout the world.
With the country filled up and Its re
sources being exploited to the best ad
vantage, the city will grow automati
cally. Reverse the movement and
both city and country will suffer.
BOOSETEXT AND ABJZO.NA
Today, at Phoenix. Colonel Roosevelt
will tell the people of Arlsona what he
thinks of their constitution. In view
of his utterances In The Outlook and
at Chicago and elsewhere on the Issues
that are the main points of controver
sy In the Arizona constitution, it
ahould not be difficult to forecast the
trend of much that he will say. He
has stated that the Initiative, referen
dum and recall are promising experi
ments; that In the adoption of the ref
erendum provision ahould be made for
adequate presentation of Issues to the
people and for adequate public discus
sion of them: that In adopting the In
itiative a guard should be placed
against expression of superficial senti
ment or Ignorance la the signing of
petitions and that provision should be
made for expert drafting of proposed
measures.
lie declare that the recall should
be confined to administrative officers
and to municipal, town and village
communities; that "It should not be
extended to legislative or judicial offi
cers nor to the Chief Executive until
It has been fairly tried in the munici
palities: and It. should be exercised
only for serious malfeasance or neg
lect In office, not for mere differences
of opinion."
These opinions he will perhaps re
iterate, but It U interesting to recall
that In Arizona the protective meas
ures for the Initiative and referendum
he suggests were not embraced In the
proposed constitution and tnat tne
call was to be extended to all state
officers and the Judiciary and waa not
to Be confined In lis application to
malfeasance In office.
Tet at Chicago, on February 13
Colonel Roosevelt seemed to favor
anoroval by the President and Con-
areas of the Arizona constitution. He
said:
1 aaw It stated In tha preae tha other day
that rartala ood people In Weahlnnton were
against tho admlasloa of Arlsona as a atata
t.-caua It hJd aii' Plod la Ita constitution
tha recall. In I7SO tho State ot h
chusatta put Into Ita conatltutlon preclaciy
that provision ror recaii. abw, Bontnuuw
mo, X am Dot arguing for or asalast tha
recall- I am tnaroly aayln that. If tha
DooDie of Arlsona. or any other community,
wtaa to try It. or If they do not wish to
try it. It la their atrair.
A query might naturally arise In
this connection as to why Congress In
Its enabling acts should make state
hood contingent on the approval of
the proposed constitutions by the Pres
ident and Congress If new states
ahould be permitted to engage In
any kind of governmental "experi
ment." The purpose could not be to
protect the new commonwealtha from
adopting experiments antagonistic to
the Federal Constitution, for such
measures would fall In any event.
The most Important feature of the
address, however, promises to lie be
tween criticism of the attitude of the
President and the Senate, as so far
Indicated, concerning the Arizona con
stitution and criticism of the lack of
restrictive features In the proposed
governmental "experiments."
Prospects for early statehood for
Arizona are not bright. President
Taft's approval of the New Mexico
constitution and his failure to Indorse
the Arizona constitution may be taken
as a pretty clear indication that ap
proval of the Arizona constitution will
not be forthcoming. One house has
approved the New Mexico constitution
and one has failed to approve it. One
house has not acted on the Arizona
constitution, and one. the Senate, has
refused to approve it. So far as ap
proval of the existing constitutions Is
concerned, both documents are live
Issues for consideration by the next
Congress, though the President's ap
proval without action by Congress will
carry statehood to completion In New
Mexico. Arizona must look wholly to
Congress for relief.
Perhaps Colonel Roosevelt will be
able to advise the people of Arizona
how to pull themselves out of this
muddle and achieve statehood. Prob
ably a new constitution embracing di
rect legislation and the recall, if
framed In accordance 'with his ideas,
would gain the approval of President
Taft. Rule by the people would not
aufler In Arizona, either, by adop
tion of the restrictions outlined In the
ex-Preeldent's former utterance. But
If the signs speak truly, Arizona will
have to look to Congress for a new
enabling act before such a compro
mise can be effected.
INCREASED TRAFFIC; DECREASED
KARMNGS.
The Pennsylvania Railroad, one of
the largest and oldest lines In the
United States, has Just made public
Its annual report. On account of the
prominence of the road and the Im
mensity of its business, this report Is
exceptionally Interesting as an exam
ple of the changed conditions under
which the railroads are now working.
The Pennsylvania Is an old road, trav
ersing a region In which the problem
of handling traffic is much nearer a
successful solution than any other part
of the country. Grades and curves
have been removed to the limit of
economy, and track and equipment are
provided and maintained with a view
to the maximum service for the mini
mum cost. New roads In new country
must necessarily operate under condi
tions which no longer hamper the
Pennsylvania. Operating and main
tenance chargea cannot so easily be
adapted to the revenues, as they can
on a road of Its age nd opportunities.
The report shows that In 1910 the
road carried 9.000.000 tons more
freight and 7,000.000 more passengers
than In the preceding year, but that
the revenues decreased from 111.
826.791 In 1909 to 1112. 918.647 last
year. These decreased earnings would
not have permitted the usual dividend
had it not been for the Income from
1290.000.000 worth of other securities
owned by the company, which were
not considered by the Interstate Com
merce Commission In fixing the rates.
The report accounts for this heavy de
crease In revenues In the face of In
creased business handled as due to
"large increases in operating expenses
due principally to advances in wages
of employee."
Tha paternalism of the Interstate
Commerce Commission did not, how
ever, prevent some of thla Increase
falling on the shippers for during the
year the rates were .689 cent per ton
per mile, compared with .6 90 In the
preceding year. That the division of
the loss was harder on the railroads
than the shippers Is apparent from a
decrease In the net from .199 cent to
.171 cent per ton per mile.
The New Tork Times, In comment-
Ing on the fact that the alight increaae
In rates did not prevent a heavier de
crease In net earnings, says: "In order
to render an unbiased opinion on the
merits of the controversy between the
railways, the shippers and the Com
mission, it would be necessary to have
as full and fair an exposition of in
dustrial finance as we have of railroad
finance. We are being taught new
ways whereby proflta may be gathered
la bad rears by some system of aver
age Income and average outgo. The
railroad would be very well pleaaed if
both aides ot the account were equally
guaranteed." .
Something of thla nature may yet
be worked out by the Interstate Com
merce Commission. It Is expecting
too much for a railroad to look for
Increases of 9,000.000 tons of freight
and 7,000.000 passengers annually for
an Indefinite period. When the In
evitable decrease In the volume of
business comes along, rates based on
the maximum volume of traffic would
hardly produce enough revenue for a
reasonable dividend., It Is of course
as fair that the men who supply the
money for the railroads should have
a reasonable return on their Invest
ment as It is that the shippers should
have reasonable rates. .
AUTOMATIC COMPENSATION W WASH
INUTQft. Numerous industries in the Stato of
Washington, which have not felt It
necessary to Invest In casualty lnsur-
J ance because of the almost negligible
possibility of accidents occurring to
their workmen, have apparently Just
discovered that they will be compelled
to pay an annual tar Into the working
men's compensation fund.
This fund was created by the last
Washington Legislature and was pre
sented with the argument that the
state, by engaging In a form of casual
ty insurance business, would give
greater Justice to injured employes
and at the same time promote a sav
ing by employers In Indemnity Insur
ance premiums.
Newspa pers are In the class that now
finds It necessary to subscribe to an
indemnity fund, and severe criticism
of the law is noted in some of the
Washington publications.
The Yakima Republic, which asserts
that not one of its employes has lost
15 minutes' time from any injury In
15 years, and which probably buys no
Indemnity Insurance, must, according
to Its estimate, pay into the tuna uu
a vear.
The Seattle Times places Its own
tax at $4500 annually and, estimating
that the Industrial payroll In Seattle
Is $17,000,000 and that the average
tax will reach 5 per cent, declares ttat
Seattle Industries alone will contrib
ute laSO.OOQ to the compensation fund.
Added to this amount will be the
percentage on the payrolls of the street
railway companies, ab
Is not quite one-fourth of the state in
wealth and population the conclusion
Is reached that the annual tax may
reach 14.000.000. The Times professes
to foresee the upbuilding of a great
political machine through the authority
given the Governor to appoint tne com
mission that will administer the fund
It exclaims over the possibilities for
manipulation of such a fund massed
in one banking institution by un
scrupulous politicians. The prediction
la made that not a dollar of new cap
ital will enter the atate so long as the
law remains In force.
The Washington compensation law
provides for taxing the employer a
percentage or nis payroll, a no mini
mum la one and one-half par cent and
the maximum ten per cent. Working
men. Injured in the course of their
regular employment, are to bo com
pensated from this fund on the basla
of a more or less fixed schedule grad
uated according to the degree of the
Injuny. The total compensation in no
case Is to exceed 14000. The provisions
of the law are compulsory on both
employers and employes.
When the commission which framed
the law presented the text of the
measure it was announced that the
schedule of rates to be charged em
ployers was practically the same as
the schedule of premiums demanded
by casualty companies. But. whereas
the casualty companies gave only lim
ited assurance of compensation to in
jured employes the state assurance
was absolute. The saving 'to em
ployers is supposed to be In the redis
tribution of the unused portion of the
fund among the contributors at the
end of each year. This redistribution
Is apparently ignored or overlooked by
the interests now opposing the law. If
one industry Is overcharged it is to be
reimbursed at the end of the year. On
the other hand. If a particular indus
try has not contributed a sufficient
sum to pay the compensation charged
against it, that Industry will be re
assessed. It would therefore seem that If
newspaper establishments contribute
money to the fund and sustain no ac
cidents among their employes they will
almply loae one year'a Interest on the
aum contributed. The law "will prob
ably need court construction, however,
in that particular. Printing Is placed
In the same class with creameries,
electrotyping, photo-engraving and engraving-lithographing.
The question
may arise as to whether printing Is to
be taxed, for example, for accidents oc
curring In creameries. But In any
event there Is very small probability
of large payments from this classifi
cation. This construction may become lra-nortant-however.
in other classifica
tions in the event of unusual catastro-
nhv. Street railway companies, tele
graph or telephone companies, stone
rruahlnsr. blast furnaces, smelters, coal
mines, gas works, steamboats, tugs and
ferries are in another ciass paying
three per cent- Tne compensations
necessarily following a coal mine dis
aster might be taxed against all other
companies In the same class. Tet there
la no more reason for taxing a street
railway for a coal mine disaster than
there la for taxing a paving company
which is in another classification at
the same rate of three per cent.
It has heretofore been stated that
the Washington law is unique In Amer-
jca Two European countries nave
compulsory compensation laws in
force, but one, Switzerland, has only
recently enacted It. v ltn little practi
cal guidance It would not be surpris
ing if the framers of the Washington
law inadvertently permitted inequali
ties to creep into the act. The main
DrlnclDle. however, has the indorse
ment of most of the world's best stu
dents of the subject. In European
countries where automatic compensa
tion Is optional the Industries are said
to be taking advantage of the plan to
the large detriment of the casualty
companies.
Properly the tnings to avoid in
Washington are the hasty opinion that
the whole principle Is bad or the be
lief that the first experimental act Is
perfect. In Oregon tha chief danger
threatening so-called progressive leg
islation 'which must of necessity be
experimental in the beginning Is the
demagogic fostering of the Idea that
such acts are sacral In the original
form and must never be amended.
Imperfect machinery, will in time
wreck itself if not repaired.
STEAMSHIP RATS WARS.
The ocean la a free and unobstruct
ed highway over which the fleets of
the regular lines and the "opposition"
are alike exempt from maintenance
or any other form of fixed charges.
For that reason there have been, at
Irregular intervals, rate wars like the
one now threatened by the Pacific
Navigation Company with its fins new
boats, Yale and Harvard.
It waa nearly alxty years ago that
opposition first appeared on the Portland-San
Francisco route. The people
of Portland then Induced the owners
of the steamship Peytonia to enter the
field because the Pacific Mail refused
to send its steamers above St. Helens.
In this fight Portland and the Pey
tonia won out.
In 1857 John T. Wright, with the
ancient steamer Commodore, came to
Portland and cut the Pacific Mail rate
from 976 and $40 to $30 and (10.
Nine years later the appearance of
the new steamship Montana on the
Portland route caused Ben Holladay,
the steamship kmg, to cut rates te J 10
and $3. There was more war In 187S.
In 1879 the Great Republic was car
rying passengers between Portland
and San Francisco for ti first-class
and tt steerage, meals and berth
Included,
For the past two years there has
been a 610 and 86 rate between the
two cities, and If the new company
puts In effect the threatened 62.50
rate. It will not be establishing a prec
edent for cheap rates. In the old days
it was simply a case of steamship
against steamship, but since Jlhe rail
road was built between the bwo cities
a rate war brings about far-reaching
complications. For that reason the
invasion of the Portland field by the
Yal and Harvard will hardly be very
long-lived.
It la refreshing, however. In these
days of monopolies when the Inter
state Commerce Commission forces all
railroads to charge the same rate, to
know that we can still turn o the
water highways and witness an occa
sional spurt of the old-time competi
tion In which the people make merry
at the expense of the purveyors of
transportation.
The Farmers' Union of the Paclfio
Northwest has sent representatives to
Portland and Puget Sound for the pur
pose of selecting a terminal market
site. The current bulletin of the De
partment of Commerce and Labor of
fers some interesting statistics as to
which Is the best wheat market on the
Pacific Coast. It shows that In the
eight months ending with February
there were shipped foreign from Port
land 6,053,693 bushels of wheat and
from all Puget Sound ports 3.437,7,96
bushels. In the same period there were
shipped from Portland to California
ports 2,546.629 bushels of wheat,
while the combined shipments from
Puget Sound to California -were but
1,381,693 bushels. The freight ratea
from interior points to Portland
are the same as to Puget Sound and
the fact that Portland for the first
eight months of the season has handled
nearly twice as much wheat as all
Puget Sound ports combined offers
pretty conclusive evidence as to
where the best wheat market In the
Pacific Northwest Is located.
Portland's first fat-stock show,
which opens today, ought to attract
large crowds. Since the establishment
of the big packing-house Interests in
this city Portland has become the
greatest livestock market on the Pa
cific Coast. More than $8,000,000
worth of livestock passed through the
yards In thia city last year and a much
greater amount will be handled thla
year. The fat-etock' show, which is
educational In ita object, will create
n intantt In an Industry which Is of
steadily Increasing importance in the
Pacific Northwest. The exniDita wnicn
will be made will prove a revelation to
many who have not followed the busi
ness very closely and are unaware of
the improvement in , animals now
turned off by the farms of the Pacific
Northwest. A visit to the show will
also give the people an opportunity to
witness the remarkable changes which
have followed the establishment of the
big packing plant and stockyards In
this city.
A man coming to Oregon as a
"colonist" this Spring need be In no
hurry to buy a farm. Let him bank
his money and take a Job as hired
man there are plenty of places call
ing for help, offering fair wages. ' At
the end of the season he win be In
shape and mood to Invest. The other
man. who had but little after buying
his ticket, must pull off his coat and
go to work at once: not in city or
town, for there are men enough for
the Jobs, but on the farms where he
ia aorely needed. He, too, will be in
better mood and shape at the end of
the season.
Hugh Doherty, vho died Saturday,
was a resident of Portland for nearly
half a century. Before business moved
uptown he was a familiar figure near
the waterfront, following his humble
calling of expressman. In which. It
may well be said, he always delivered
the goods.
A man at Union has Just received a
White Orpington cockerel that cost
him $50 at Kansas City. That is a
high price for a chicken and most of
It is needed by the breeder to help pay
for the extensive advertisements tell
ing how he made $18,000 on poultry
in a year.
Dewey denies that he said some
years ago we ahould have whipped
Japan at that time. The Admiral Is
now a man of peace. Aiatrimony nas
changed him.
Tacoma votes on an antl-treating
ordinance tomorrow and the ice
cream season is almost due.
t aTmnftt time, for the llttla old
one-ring circus to begin its meander
down the Valley.
A rate war of the boats running
south will make the vacation idea
popular.
The kind of stock that Is fed to
fighters Is pn exhibit at North Port
land. A rare, day In June has nothing over
a day in March like yesterday.
HOSPITALITY" FOR HOHT9EBKER9
Cvmapoadea frges AM and Glaal
" Raad for Coloalata.
SOUTH BEND, Wash.. March 16.
(To the Editor.) The Oregonlsn in
forms us that 1500 colonists arrived In
Portland March 15 from the Middle
Weal men and women. The former
from different walks In lite to estab
lish themselves as farmers, the women
amongst "whom are ' soma school
teachers have come to acquire land
and to farm it.
When the writer came to thla coun
try It coat a fortune to search for a
location of hia choice and in this re
apect It may be said the people of Ore
gon have a duty to periorm
those colonists and tf possible get them
eomrortably settled wi noui iua
time. That Is to say. try and give
them auch information after you. have
learned their aims aa yourself as a
stranger In a strange land would nat
urally need. That would be a great
help to them especially those brave
women who are about to adopt Oregon
as their home, to maka the farm a
home for themselvea Instead of the
city. Such women are exceedingly
scarce nowadays, aa every man of com
mon aense knows, and of course they
ought to have all the encouragement
that can be extended them.
Each ooramerclal club, or private In
dividual, In, every town In the atate,
who may learn of the arrival of any
of these homeseekera .in their midst,
should feel it a duty to help them all
they can and let them feel at once they
are In the hands of a responsible and
hospitable class of people.
It la presumed these colonists are
worthy of that recognition, but any
how treat them right from the first.
In a liberal, neighborly spirit, and dont
forget they are far away from the
scenea of their childhood, without a
home, and are Btrangere within our
gates. Renew, If you can. the well
earned reputation of the old ploneera
for their unbounded hospitality to new
comers, urge them to make a home In
the West, aa they will never, no never,
regret It It would be a very narrow
minded man .who would do or think to
the contrary.
Help them in their aelectlon of a lo
cation, on land from which you are
positive they can make a good living,
within easy reach of schools, churches,
good roads, nnd markets.
TH03. HEPWORTH DIXON.
PROTECTION FOR IJTN'OCBNT.
Restricted District Suggested as aa
Effective Means.
PORTLAND, March 18. (To the Ed
itor.) In the death of little. Innocent
Barbara Holzman even the thickest
headed fanatic should be able to learn
a lesson of the titter nselessneas of
trying, by legislation or otherwise, to
compel the population of a great city
to live up to a code of morality and
probity that Is set up by the over-pious,
the good and the pure, to rule the lives
and the actions of those who are less
good, pure and pious. In a city where
a great floating population of the
character of those who make up our
North End, It is absolutely necessary
that the dissolute woman, as well as
the vicious man, should be under
strict police surveillance. How can thla
be accomplished and subserve the best
Interests of our city?
Personally, I believe there Is but one
solution to this problem, and that ia
tha "restricted district" properly regu
lated and collced. There are two rea
sons: First, for the protection of the
home; second, that this class of people
can be the more easily controlled.
"Where the carion is, there also are
the buzzards."
There being no regular district
where the women of the lower world
are assembled, the low element of
mankind naturally seeks the dark
streets and remote places to entice in
nocent children by sundry devices to
their doom. Many cased have been re
ported to the police since the untimely
murder of this litle girl that would
never have been reported, where men
have tried to entice girls of tender age
to accompany them by offers of money,
candy or other tempting rewards. If
auch a district was known there would
be no reason why auch characters
would take such desperate chancea to
aatlefy their beastly desires.
I know of no better means of con
veying my idea of the usefulness of
the establishment of a restricted dis
trict than this little fable:
"A certain shepherd found an ex
ceeding rich pasture for his flock, but
the wolvea were congregated in the
neighborhood In great numbers, as the
succulent grass attracted many fat
animals, which provided a feast for the
wolves. In order to protect his valu
able herd the wise owner procured a
band of ordinary goats, and, while he
carefully corralled his sheep each
night, he left the goats outside his ln
closure that they they might satisfy
the rapacity of the wolves, and thus
protect hie flock."
Moral Let us take care of the In
nocent, the pure, the good In our city
by allowing the Immoral wolves to
satisfy their appetites on the goats;
also separate the goats from the sheep
that the innocent may not suffer with
the guilty. R.C. W.
Opportunity tor Homeseekera.
SALEM. Or.. March 17. (To the Ed
itor.) In regard to the colonists who
come with means to make homes on
land. On going to Forest Grove to
pay my last respects to the useful life,
of the lale H. W. Scott, I crossed some
of the country In which I assisted
three others to build claim-holding- cab
Ins In November, 1844. I could not help
noticing what large proportion of the
land Is In need of more labor to make
more homes. Of course this may be
as truly said of the entire Willamette
Valley. But while proud of Oregon as
of and for homes of the wealthy and
the well-to-do, I naturally sympathize
most with those coming in search of
homes on the land with nothing but
their labor to start with. Buch land
seekers, if unmarried, would find op
portunity between Terry and Detroit in
the North Bantiam where three years
ago two fires occurred from sparks from
the Corvallts Eastern locomotive and
killed soma green timber, beside clearing
a body of cut-over land. The writer ex
amined this land last Angust and con
cluded there were at least 600 acres of
good orchard land, on which were ref
use, logs and stumps, still Joining the
railroad station on the north. It ought
to be sold cheap by its present owner,
supposed to be the Curtis company, of
Mill City, who have taken a heavy
crop of good timber from ft.
JOHN MINTO.
Street Paving Ae earnests.
PORTLAND, March 17. (To the Edi
tor.) Would you please answer
through the columns of The Oregonlan
this question? A paving company re
cently paved a certain street in this
city and also one which crossed thia
street. The people residing on the first
street pay for paving It, which is nat
ural, but those living within 80 or 100
feet of the second street are compelled
to help pay for paving thla street In
addition to their own. Can you tell me
why that is? - A SUBSCRIBER.
Improvement assessments are usually
fixed on the theory that near-by prop
erty is proportionately benefited.
Property on a paved street Is supposed
to be made mors valuable by the Im
provement of a near-by cross street.
Ho Cbawaro In "Tlmt."
WOODSTOCK. Or., March 18. (To the
Editor.) Will you kindly tell me in The
Oregonlan whether It is now a law that
on April 1 the "time" will be turned
ahead aa hour, and on October 1 turned
back an hour? G. E. D.
I SHAKESPEARE KJEW POLITICS
Writr-r Fiada Further Evidence fa
Works at Bard.
PORTLAND, March 18. (To the Edi
tor.) Reading the editorial In The Ore
gonlan ot March 16 on "Justice at Dan
ville," I was prompted to look up an
article by the lete H. W. Scott on
"Problems of Ufa and Mind." With
your permission I would like to quote a
few lines:
One who doesn't understand Shakespeare,
almply doean't put hlmaolf Into Shakespeare';
world, which la tha widest Intellectual and
moral and aplrltual world yet revealed to
the eona and daughters of men . .
to show that Shakespeare is not only the
greatest of observers and thinkers, but the
sreatest of moral writers, would h the
easiest of undertakings.
No man or woman in Oregon and few
if any in the world understood or ap
preciated 'Shakespeare more than Mr.
Scott. "Shakespeare has never been be
lauded as much of a prophet, but It al
most looks aa If he had foreseen our
current indictments."
The Oregonlan a few days) alnee, on the
front page contained accounts of a
grand Jury inquiry Into the Danville
bribery cases whera It. was found one of
the grand Jurora was Implicated which
reminds me:
"I not deny
The Jury passing on the prisoner's life
May in the sworn 19 have a thief or two
Guiltier than him they try." (Measure tor
Measure). Again: "Offences gilded
hand mey ehove by Justice, and oft 'tis
seen the wicked prize Itself buys out
the law." (Hamlet). "Then again as.
though Shakespeare had personal knowl
edKe of the lapses ef justice, political
and otherwise from our celebrated 1897
Bldridge block Legislative hold-up to and
including Danville and other noted Jack
pot Senatorial elections:
"Made me a looker on here In Vienna
Where I have seen corruption boil and
bubble
Till it o'er ran the stew; lawe for all
faults
But faults ao countenanced that the
strong statutes
Stand like the forfeits In a barber shop
As much in mock as mark." (Measure
for Measure). -
To aay that Shakespeare was not
familiar with all manner and degree of
political crimes Is surely, as Mr. Scott
said, not to understand him.
Now as for our Fels Fund friend of
Oregon City see the character of Far
rolles In "Alls Well That Ends Well."
J. D. STEVENS.
WAR AWT THE PEACE MOVTSME-TT
National Clashes Declared to Be Nought
but Wilful Morder.
PORTLAND, March 16. (To the Edi
tor.) If all the peace congresses that
are being so much talked about ever at
tain the object that they profess to have
in view, they will put an end to the
greatest crime of the centuries wilful
murder.
When two men quarrel over a woman,
or a piece of land, or politics, or any
other of those matters which arouse
the worst passions of the human animal,
and one kills the other, the verdict very
frequently is murder. In either the first
or second degree; and so long as tha
law, both human and divine, says that
"he who sheddeth man's blood, by man
shall his blood be shed," the verdict Is
all right and the punishment Just.
But when two of the great ones of
the earth have a grouch against one
another, they do not settle matters in
c.ulto the same way. They put rifles
and revolvers Into the hands of men
with families depending upon them and
order them to do their dirty werk. They
must go and shcot down in cold, blood
other men with families, who have never
done them any harm, and against whom
they consequently have no ill-feeling.
What Is that but wilful murder? Now,
If the said two great ones are so very
angry at one another that nothing but
blood will satisfy them, what is the
matter with them taking arms and light
ing It out? If they were afraid of that,
they might come over to Vancouver and
settle the business in the roped arena:
and if one of them did get killed and
leave a family behind him, that family
would at least be in fairly good circum
stances, while the families of the men
they send out In their places are usually
dependent upon those men for food,
clothing and protection. Then, too, only
one family would be overwhelmed with
sorrow and Buffering instead of thou
sands. If there were more men of the
Carnegie stamp (who has started a fund
to do away with war), the world would
be a much better place to live in. The
money that is no squandered on arma
ments would be available for much bet
ter purposes and would turn into chan
nels that would do away with the pov
erty and distress that are now so ram
pant the world over. May God help Mr.
Carnegie and the peace congresses to
force the world to obey his sixth com
mand. PEACE.
Peace and Arbitration.
PORTLAND. March 18. (To the Edi
tor.) I cordially approve of all The
Oregonlan says In an editorial of the
16th Inst- aa to peace and arbitration.
Tet It seems to me that in arriving at
these optlmlstlo- conclusions The Ore
gonlan failed to note an all-Important
consideration. What would Interna
tional arbitration be worth without the
physical power to enforce its decrees?
Would It not be a mere obiter dicta, a
padded club? What effect would the
findings and decrees of our civil and
criminal courts be worth without the
force to enforce them?
Mr. Taft says even questions of
honor can be arbitrated. Yes, but not
questions of dishonor. Who could have
arbitrated between Charles I and the
Parliament? Or . between George III
and the American colonies? In these
cases what power could have enforced
Its decree of arbitration? In the con
tests Involving all Europe and our
country In 1812. who was left to arbi
trate except the Sultan of Turkey?
Who could have arbitrated the ques
tions Involved In our Civil War?
This topsy turvy has never been con.
trolled by ethical theory. Even the
Prince of Peace, when the crisis of his
mission came, said, he came not to
bring peace but the sword.
THOMAS M. ANDERSON.
Elinor Glyn DIdnt Miss It Much.
Chicago Inter Ocean.
A special cable dispatch from Lon
don auoted Elinor Glyn, the novelist.
who recently visited this city, as de
claring that her personal investigation
showed Fifth avenue to be' In the
grip of race suicide; that there had .not
been a birth among the residents of that
center of wealthy homes in two years.
An examination of the records at the
bureau of vital statistics disproves the
.soertion of the author of "Three Weeks."
In 1909 there were seven births in Fifth ,
avenue between mo wasmnjriuu rtu
and One Hundred and Fifth street, and
In 1910 eleven births. One Hundred and
Fifth street being the northerly "dead
line" of society.
These eighteen births, however, mean
the lowest birth rate of any . residence
street In the city for the years named.
The Little Feet of Paris.
"The Adventure of a Modest Man."
Th,n la no escaDe for a man's eyes
in Paris. Look whera he will, he Is !
bound to bring up against two neat lit- j
tie shoes trotting along demurely about
their own frivolous business. One can
not help wondering what that business
may be or where those lltle polished
shoes are going so lightly, tap! tap!
across the polished asphalt. And there ;
are thousands on thousands of such i
shoes, passing, repassing, twinkling
everywhere, exquisite, shapely, gay lit
tle shoes of Paris, pattering through
boulevard and avenue, square and street
until the whole city takes tne caaence,
keeping time, day ano nignt. to me lit.
lit- i
ae
tie tripping reel 01 tno ransioao
bless her, Heart ana soiw
Timely Tales of the Day
"The best case of optimism" said H.
M. Haller, president of the Portland
Chamber of Commerce, "that I ever came
across wast that of a fellow out hunting
that I met once. He was after rabbits.
I met hlro Just as he waa running after
one. He was following the dogs. I yelled
to him as he passed:
"What luck, old fellow?"
"If 1 catch this one and nine mora m
have ten," was his reply aa he gave ma
a hopeful smile in .exchange for my
greeting. Now that is what I call optim
ism per aa.
After harvesting partial crops for three
years, the farmers of an Eastern Orecon
community last year organized a union,
convinced that through such an organiza
tion they would be able to purchase sup
plies to better advantage than in the
open market. Before the year was ended,
one of the charter members of the union
was expelled from membership becau&a
he had divulged some of the business
secrets or the organization.
Shortly afterwards an acquaintance met
the deposed producer when the following
dialogue took place:
"Bill, you were at one time a member
of the union, were you not?" Inquired
the acquaintance.
"I was." answered Bill.
"Well .you would have no objection
now to Imparting to me some of the
secret work of the organization, would
you? In other words, what about the
password V
"When you meet a farmer you thlnfc
belongs to the union.' volunteered Bill.'
"approach him and ask him: 'Are you a
member of the union? If he is he will
answer: 'I am a tiller of the soiL' To
this statement you must Inquire: "Why
the dickens don't you raise something? '
Southern California is right side up
again, after having experienced what the
earthquake reporter would have called a
"shock of no mean proportions." and
Mark Levy, of Portland, Or., has re
covered his umbrella.
It Is said to have been the only In
stance on record in which a stolen um
brella was returned' voluntarily. Mr.
Levy, being In a Joking mood, took his
family to Southern California several
weeks ago In search of a better climate.
Being in on the joke himself, he took
with him an umbrella that If he had
stayed home he would not have needed.
The umbrella was one he valued for
various reasons In addition to the fact
that It had a buckhorn handle, was silver
mounted, chatsed, engraved and so forth,
and worth, at retail, Jfao.
Mr. Levy left the umbrella under his
overcoat In a Southern California hotel,
on his way into the dining-room. When
he went to look for It it was gone. In
vain the hotel proprietor argued that
he must have ieft It somewhere else, that
the only other diners In the room at tha
time were two leading business men who
would not, on any account, be guilty of
the theft of an umbrella. Mr. Levy stood
pat.
The search continued, and the sound of
It penetrated the fastnesses. Mr. Levy
declined to be pensuaded that he was
mistaken. When he departed from
Southern California he left an echo and
his Portland address.
The umbrella hae reached Portland,
by express.. The man who took it had
gone to the hotel proprietor and said:
"There has been a good deal more dis
turbance about this umbrella than I
thought there would be when I took it.
If you will promise not to give me away.
I will return It, rather than give the hos
pitality of California a black eye."
The hotel proprietor promised.
It all happened as a. Mount Tabor car
was to.wnward bound, at a busy hour of
the early afternoon, when the business
man was anxious to get back to his
office for fear the stenographer might
be doing nothing but entertaining com
pany. Tlie car in Its mad rush down Belmont,
came to a full stop at Forty-fifth street.
"Now you go right back home," a
feminine voice was heard to say. - "Go
on, hurry." The occupants lowered their
eyes from reading the advertisements and
pricked up their ears, bent on becoming
better acquainted with the owner of the
sweet voice. The car still waited.
"Go on back home, now, I say. Go on,
hurry," repeated the voice in tones more
harsh than before. "Now, Jerry, be a
good boy and go on back home. I'm
going down town to do some shopping
and you can't come, it's too far." And
still the car waited.
The passengers were becoming nervous,
one or two men even arising from their
seats to a better vantage point
Jerry seemed at last to understand, and
a young, petit, Sashlonably attired wo
man boarded the car. Just as she was
about to place her nickel In the fare
catcher one of the men who had risen
whistled shrilly. The young woman,
flushed of face, stood on the platform
while the car traveled fully a mile, too
embarrassed to face the passengers while
the latter with smiles watched a black
cocker spaniel tearing madly down tho
track. 1
Jerry went shopping after alL
Half a Century Ago
From The Oregonlan, March 20, lS6t
The Oregon State Agricultural Society
has published as an extra of the Oregon
Farmer Its schedule of premiums for ts
first annual fair to commence on Octo
ber 1. 1861. and continue four days; and
also the "regulations" which are to gov
ern said fair. The place of holding tho
fair has not been determined. This will,
however, be done in a few days. Tha
premiums are very liberal and amount
to some 82000.
We are told that a game cock recently
fell in a dry well in this city and was
missing for 11 days. When found he
, . . -t n a hut when
pitted against a barnyard fowl fought
and whipped him.
The Common Council has failed
meet at two regular meetings.
1 nr..i,l-.M l.ft., wWtAr sava: Ur.
A vt aDiiiui, lwu .b.bbt ..... , Z
Lincoln has completed his inaugural, and
while it does not violate um ui
the Chicago platform It does not closa
,.,inct an amicable adlust-
ment of pending difficulties, providing
the people, inrougu a tuiuumuuuo, in
vention, desire a change.
nsBmnstujj, - -' -
a conspiracy for the purpose of blowing
up the public buildings they have been
1 i mn4 though not in laree
force, for some weeks. Blowing up tha
capital was regarded as not improbable,
hence every night a thorough examina
tion of 'ts cellars and vaults was mada
by the capitol police.
Big Hats Worn to Cover Bald Spots..
' New York Sun.
According to a recent arrival from'
London, the New Yorkers who jam a
hat down over their eyes and eonider
it smart merely to have It several sizes
too large, mistake the object of the re
cent London fashion of having the hats
ao much larger than they used td be.
"The smart dressers in London," ob
served this close student of men's dress,
"get a hat two or three sizes larger than
they were In the habit of wearing and
put it as far back on the head as pos
sible. The object in that is to conceal
the bald spot that so many men have
Just at the back of the head under
the brim of the hat. It only needs a
trifling adjustment of the hat by
bringing It down over the back of tha
head to hide this. So two-thirds of tha
men one eees in London are going
through the streets with their hats far
back on their heads and covering the
bald spots in the back. Here the larga
hats are merely drawn down over tho
head and no useful purpose is served
by the increased size." j