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rORTLAXD. FRIDAY, MARCH 1. U1L
LTXOOLJrs ITRST tSArorRATlOJf.
Fifty years ago as the time for Lin
coln's first Inauguration approached
the country was In a panic of doubt
and fear. Although he had received
17 more electoral votes than his three
competitors together, not one of them
was from a Southern state and the air
was full of rumors that the' slave
holding oligarchy was preparing for
rebellion. South Carolina Indeed had
sent out circular letters calling for
secession convention in October, be
fore the Presidential election, which
fell that year on November .
The people of the North had sup
ported Lincoln valiantly at the polls.
but when the necessity of fighting for
the preservation of the Union seemed
about to confront them there was
hesitation. 'Philadelphia had given
him an Immense majority, but as the
news from the South darkened In
color a reaction began and went so far
that George William Curtis, a loyal
friend of the new President, had to
abandon a lecture which he had ad
vertised in the city. Wendell Phillips,
another vigorous anti-slavery man.
was mobbed In Boston at about the
same time. Commercial reasons fre
quently lay behind the moral panic
The prospect - that the slaveholders
would secede and that the debts they
owed in the North would be confiscat
ed was truly terrifying to the mer
chants of the cities along the Atlantic.
Horace Greeley said in the Tribune
that he saw no reason why the slave
states should not secede ' if they
wished. They had as much right to
withdraw from the Union, In his opin
ion, as the thirteen colonies had to
rebeb against King George. Bennett's
Herald aent even farther in the same
direction. If that were possible. Lin
coln was looked upon as a man of
small account by the Easterners. The
New York papers had little good to say
of him. The intellectual lights of the
country bewailed his uncouthness. his
peasant origin and his bad manners.
President Buchanan, whose term of
office lasted till March after the elec
tion, was seen now on his knees, now
In tears, but to all appearance be
was perfectly Incapable of taking any
measures to meet the crisis.
The disloyal Senators from Georgia.
Alabama. Louisiana, Arkansas. Texas
and Mississippi met In January and
Issued a letter of advice to the South
ern politicians to push on secession so
that the Confederate government
might be organized before Lincoln
should be Inaugurated. The Federal
property In those states was seised
everywhere. Buchanan hardly lifted)
his hand to prevent. Perhaps It was
Just as well that he tried to do noth
ing, since his efforts would have been
too feeble to accomplish anything.
Resolutions of secession were at once
adopted In all the states we have men
tioned except Arkansas. South Caro
lina was already In rebellion. When
the fourth of March arrived Lincoln
was confronted with seven states
which stood ready to defy the Federal
power. He might well say In his In
augural address that no President be
fore him. not even Washington, had
responsibilities so weighty.
Precisely what grounds there were
for the common rumors of a conspir-
acy to assassinate Lincoln on his way
to Washington historians do not seem
able to Inform us. Perhaps there was
more danger from some Irresponsible
fanatic who might take It Into his
head to avenge the slave-power by a
pistol shot than from any preconcerted
plan of murder. Still there mast have
been something In the wind. Lincoln's
advisers foresaw so much danger
ahead that they urged him to give up
the last few public appearances which
he had arranged for before the inaug
uration and finish his Journey to the
capital secretly.
The trip through Baltimore was
particularly dreaded. That city was
fanatically for secession or. more cor
rectly, th noisy and belligerent part
of it was. Those who- favored the tn next regular session. ia.uv.
Union were peaceable citizens to whom : may be accomplished,
street riots and assassination offered I The status of Arizona and New Mex
no attraction. The way In which the Ico now rest on the construction of th
Massachusetts troops passing through j word "disapprove." If one house ap
the city were treated by the mob not j proves and th other disapproves, or if
long afterward perhaps Informs us one house disapproves and. the other
what Lincoln might have expected If
precautions had not been taken In
time. No doubt It was wise upon the
whole not to let the slave-worshiping
mob know of his whereabouts. He
was hurried across Baltimore under
Plnkerton guardianship and reached
Washington safely before either
friends or foes knew of the change
in his programme.
Lincoln's first Inaugural, tittered as
It was under conditions the most try
ing, was a model of calm and states
manlike eloquence. He had taken
great pains In writing It. Before he
began he asked his -partner Herndon
to bring him Webster's reply to Hayn
and two or three other famous piece verse action n both Bouses,
of oratory. With these he shut him- If this Is a proper construction. New
self up and wrot out his address.' Th Mexico, at least, seems fairly well as
models which he kept before him sured of achieving statehood. The
showed him what to avoid rather than ' President having approved the conatl
what to Imitate, one may suspect. At ! tution. th friend of New Mexico. If
any rate, his Inaugural surpasses them ; affirmative approval by Congress is
all in simplicity and true eloquence, not possible, need only to prevent ac
c . .ir.r.tlnna v.re made In it from tion In the next regular session. In
time to time but few of them followed i
the suggestions of his advisers. Here j
and there he mollified the tone of a
passage which might sound harsh to
the rebels, but for the rest it was de
livered almost as Ire wrot It tn th
littl room over hi law office.
The seren strength of th address
helped restore the wavering confi
dence of the North. HI bold resolu
tion ta maintain th power of the
Government and take possession of Its
pWeriy throughout the South gave
atii MOD fl a iianuwu v .vuuut-t I
which they wer not slow tn following.
After Lincoln had spoken Indecision
maA doubt begaa to disappear asd. Lh
people of the North valiantly took op
the duty which the sins of the slave
holders had Imposed upon them.
AFTER HALF A CEXTCBT.
It may be hoped that the move
ment. Inaugurated at Medford. to re
Inter the body of Vnlted States Senator
Baker at Salem. Or, will be pushed
to a successful conclusion. It has been
1 i .Ux. Plwftrd Dick-
; inson caaer leu mi
ber 21. 1861), at the head of his regi
ment, under the flag of the Union:
and It is fitting- that the semi-centennial
of the tragic ot h,s brilliant
career be celebrated by the solemn
and formal removal of his remains to
the state that honored his name and
reveres his memory.
FMward Dickinson Baker, unueo.
t State. Senator of Oregon. 1. buried at
O ale land. CaL There are no survivors
of his immediate family, except a
daughter. Mrs. Charles B. Hopkins,
of Seattle, and It may be assumed that
there are no family reasons why the
transfer should not be made. The
name of Baker is a glorious heritage
of Oregon; soldier, orator and patriot,
he died a Senator of Oregon: It is fit
that all that Is mortal of this great
man of Oregon should be a possession
of Oregon.
IUXTT OF BUTTS.
Much of the sentiment favorable to
a ship subsidy Is caused by unwar
ranted statements made by men who
are In a position to be better Informed
on the subject than many of their
hearers. The person having only a
superficial knowledge of the matter is
quite naturally "willing, to accept at full
value the statement by men who by
actual experience should be well post
ed on the subject. Mr. Richard Law
rence, of New Tork. in a speech be
fore the Admen in this city. Wednes
day, sought by inference to convey the
Impression that this country's trade
with South America was languishing
through lack of American ships with
which to carry It.
The most virgin field for exploita
tion existing today." said Mr. Law
rence, "is South America. I know this
because I am in the piano trade. I
am trying to sell goods there now. But
to find an American boat to carry the
goods Is almost an Impossibility. To
get trade you must have communica
tion and transportation. That trade
follows the flag la as true today as It
was In the days of Alexander or
Napoleon."
The natural Inference from these
remarks would be that Mr. LawTence
could -not sell goods In South America
because there were no American ves
sels to carry them. And yet during
the year 1910 there sailed from the
port of New York alone for Argentine
ports 1S3 full-powered, commodious
steamships or an average of more
than three per week. These steam
ships carried freight from New York
at rates from 15 per cent to 25 pea
cent cheaper than the rates exacted
by steamship owners for handling the
business out of British ports. It Is
true that these were not American
vessels, but they supplied the "com
munication and transportation," and
had the price and quality of Mr. Law
rence's piano proved attractive to the
people of South America, he would
have experienced no trouble In doing
business with them. The high-priced,
subsidized American ship. Instead of
proving advantageous In Enlarging our
business with South America, would
In fact be a handicap. The only rea
son It Is not on the route today is that
the foreigners carry our freight at
such low rates that there is absolutely
no demand for the expensively oper
ated American ship.
The trad of the United State with
South America is growing more rap
idly than ever before. Th inability
of this country to consume the Im
mense surplus of grain and livestock,
which are th great staple of South
America, naturally places us at ome
disadvantage with other nations which
offer a good market for those products,
but there has never yet been a period
when our trad with South America
or any other country on earth suffered
for lack of ship to handle It.
That exhilarating alogan that "Trad
follows th Sag" has lost much of Its
meaning since steam supplanted sail
and th "flags" of all nation are hunt
ing for trade In every seaport on earth.
If Mr. Lawrence will drum up a trad
"uno- in Greenland or Patagonia,
. p ..7 -I v. fan
mere win xwj w v - -
portation awaiting his call and all
kinds of "flags" will follow that trad
as soon as It Is heard of.
BTATtS OF ARIZONA AXD NEW
auica
If the construction given th Ari
zona and New Mexico enabling acts
by the press of the two territories Is
correct, the act of th Senate In fall
ing to pass the resolution approving
both constitutions has not effectually
disposed of the matter of statehood.
The enabling act provide that if the
President approves the constitution
and Congress fail to disapprove "at
fall to act. has "Congress failed to
disapprove" th constitution?
In the case of New Mexico, President
Taft approved the constitution and the
House passed a resolution Of approval.
Th President has not approved or dis
approved th Arizona constitution, but
when th New Mexico resolution
reached th Senate a resolution ap
proving th Arizona constitution was
attached, and as amended th resolu
tion failed of passage.
Th argument now presented Is that
because adverse action was taken only
In the Senate. Congress has not "dis
approved"; that disapproval by Con-
gres can only be accomplished by ad-
this event New Mexico will becoem a
state about one year hence, as failure
to act will b construed as approval
by Congress.
Arizona, however, ha still to gain
the approval of the President before it
can become a state, or els look to
Congress for further legislation. Dis
approval by the President of the Ari
tona constitution will eliminate that
territory from possibility of achieving
statehood under the existing enabling
act. It ta quit clear that the Presl-
" ." '
Ises. Arizona now ruliy expect me
rmldent to disarcrov Its constltu-
TUT, MORXIXG
would have left so-called progressive
legislation for enactment after state
hood had been obtained. But Arizona
was illy advised to pay no attention to
the President.
TBS LAW AND THE SKJRT.
'Attempts to regulate the length of
women's gowns do not strike one as
the most profitable exercises In which
the members of the Illinois Legisla
ture might engage. Solicitude for the
morals of the frailer sex is probably
the reason which Representative
Murphy, of Cook County, would assign
for Introducing- his anti-hobble skirt
bill, but it does seem as if the solons
at Springfield had enough to do if they
looked after their own morals "with
due attention.
We have seen no accounts of bribery
on th part of Illinois women. That
charge has not even been whispered
against those who wear harem skirts.
They have not gone into a Jackpot
speculation to control legislation. None
of the stories afloat concerning the
moral lapses of their masculine neigh
bors have so much as singed the hems
of their garments. Their only sin
appears to b th determination to
wear gowns which are not tailored to
suit the exacting taste of the Honor
able Mr. Murphy. What qualifica
tions ha Mr. Murphy for setting up
hi private like and dislikes as the
standard for all the women in Illinois
to follow? What doe he know about
skirts T Ha h ever been apprenticed
to a dressmaker?
Seriously speaking, it la unwis to
Interpose any obstacles in the way of
a reform of women's attire. The long
established mod of fashioning their
gowns ha littl to recommend it as
to beauty and nothing whatever as to
hygiene and convenience. It wa de
vised at a period when woman was
deemed the most useless creature in
anri when it was not per
missible for her even to dream of at
tempting to compete with men lu any
field whatever. Fighting and farming
were th principal occupations of the
sterner sex and woman felt little temp
tation to engage in them. She was
quit satisfied with a mod of dress
which made it Impossible to wield the
sword or follow the plow.'
But In our time women have many
occupations, some of which require
freedom of movement. All require
lung capacity and pure blood.
Th harem and hobble skirts do not
give much freedom of movement, but
are a change from the prescribed fash,
ion and will naturally lead to some
thing better In the course of time. We
may smile at them, but th smile
ought to be tolerant.
WATER COStFETTTXOX PROBLEM.
Th transcontinental railroads will
take up the matter of Pacific Coast
rates at a meeting to be held In Chi
cago next week and it is reported that
an effort will be made to formulate a
plan for meeting water competition at
the Coast. While the Amerlcan-Ha-wailan
Steamship Company, the new
Bates Cheeseborough line, and in
cidentally the Pacific Mail have with
actual service demonstrated to a con
clusive finish that the decision In the
Spokane rate case did not eliminate
water competition, there will be a
much more striking change as soon as
the Panama Canal Is completed. The
problem as to how this competition
shall best be met is a serious one for
the railroads to solve, and it will not
be solved without some aid from the
Interstate Commerce Commission and
from shipper along the line.
If the railroads attempted to grant
the wishes of th Interior cities and
make a higher rate for the longer haul
to th Pacific Coast than for th
shorter haul to the interior, it would
be Impossible for them to secure any
Pacific Coast business that could be
carried by water. As the water car
riers are already handling commodi
ties representing 86 per cent of all
articles Included In the Western
classification of th railroads, the re
fusal of a low through rate to meet
water competition would leave-practically
no Coast business to be handled
by the railroads.
It is of course still somewhat prob
lematical how cheap . freight can b
carried by way of th Panama Canal,
but It is a certainty that the minimum
will be so much lower than any trans
continental rail rate now in existence
that It will attract the great bulk of
the business moving between the two
coast of th United States. It will, of
course, be Impossible for th railroads
to meet this rate if they attempt to
maintain a tariff baaed on the distance
Involved. It Is questionable, however,
whether it would be fair to the rail
roads to deny them the right to charge
less at terminal points wher they
must meet this competition, if they
meet It at all. than at Spokane and
other Interior points.
Th enormous Investment in tracks,
sidings, equipment, and terminal and
Intermediate station faculties must be
taken care of whether any through
freight ta hauled or not. To deny the
railroads the privilege of meeting
water competition by handling a por
tion of the business at a lower rate
per-ton-per-mlle than would be pos
sible on all of the business would work
a hardship on them without benefiting
anyone. To meet the Increased ex
pense thus entailed- they would be
obliged to charge higher rates for the
reduced traffic handled to the Interior
points. The completion of the Pan
ama Canal is still four years in th
future, but a the railroads have been
endeavoring for nineteen years to
make a satisfactory adjustment in the
Spokane rate case it ta apparent that
they have not taken up the considera
tion of this much greater problem any
too soon.
THE PATENT MEDICINE HABIT.
According to expert testimony given
from time to time alcohol la the basis
of very many medicines that are ad
vertised and sold as "cure alls." It
seems futile to waste words upon the
matter, sine th devotee of a particu
lar medlcln ta nine times out of ten
convinced that his peculiar brand of
"bitters" has saved him from a pre
mature grave. Better accept the for
mula given by a sturdy pioneer which
In his view covered the matter. He
had never taken medicine of any kind
In his life and was naturally rather
proud of his record. He was strictly
a temperance man wlthal and consid
ered the concoction sold as "bitters"
under various name as nothing more
than a brew of chlttem bark flavored
with "bad whisky and sweetened with
poor molasses."
A man or woman who has acquired
th patent-medlcln habit, however,
will not balk at a formula of this kind,
even if duly attested by chemical
analysis, being fully convinced that
whatever the ingredients of the par-v-ant
nt the bottle that oceu-
utuwi - - 1
pica a plac ca th xnantel-plec year
OREGONTAN, FRIDAY, MARCH 10, 1011.
In and year out. It has proved a life
saver in the household.
In a world wherein confidence in
any person or thing is at a premium
why seek to destroy this comforting
belief, especially since devotees at oth
er shrines tell us that belief Is all?
The Navy League, which has been
holding a session at Baltimore, makes
a strong plea for still greater Increases
in the number of battleships. Vice
President Cummings, of the 'league,
does not place any limit on the size
of this Navy, except that It "must
needs equal any possible opponent's,
and its theoretical opponent's tonnage
in sight should be the practical guide
of ours." Mr. Cummings further as
serts that the failure to maintain such
ratio 'wlll Just so far endanger theor
etical peace and safety." The furious
pac at which the world's great pow
ers are now proceeding in the building
of costly battleships to a considerable
degree eliminates theory from the
question. There is something intense
ly practical in the construction and
maintenance account, and we are near
lng the point where It will be possible
to determine with mathematical accu
racy Just how soon we must cease this
kind of work or become bankrupt
along with our rivals in navy-building.
Further evidence of Increased pros
perity and easier money is shown . In
a reduction yesterday of th Eng
lish bank rate io 3 per cent.
This Is th lowest figure reached
since' 1907. A this country is now
drawing heavily on England for
funds for railroad extensions and other
industrial enterprises, the effect of the
improved condition abroad ta certain
to b reflected here. In this country
there Is a much better feeling toward
capital than there has been sine the
panic of 1907, and if Americans will
cease "knocking" their own railroads
and other Institutions which are al
ways In the market for enormous
amounts of money, the foreigners will
be glad of an opportunity to invest
some of their cheap money in this new
country where It will earn more than
it can earn in Europe. Both England
and the United States last year enjoyed
a record-breaking foreign trade, and
the outlook for the present year could
not well he more favorable.
The Portland & Asiatic Steamship
Company yesterday reduced its rate
on wheat to the Orient to 11.60 per ton
and thus placed Portland on even
terms with the Puget Sound ports for
any future business which might be
secured. Unfortunately, the Puget
Sound lines quoted the low rate for
so long a period before the Portland
lines met It that an Immense amount
of business which should have been
routed through Portland has been di
verted to Puget Sound. As late as
yesterday grain was being hauled by
team from warehouses tributary to
Portland and placed in houses from
which It will be shipped to Puget
Sound. The worst effect of this will
be felt next year, when farmers in mu
tual territory, remembering the pres
ent experience, will haul their crops
to Puget Sound warehouses.
Mr. Hobson's voice Is still for war.
He told the country in a great speech
the other day that It enjoys "an insu
lar location.'. This was a flight In
deed. It takes some Imagination to
see the Insularity of a country which
is In the middle of a continent. Mr.
Hobson also begged for a huge-navy
"to stand between our peaceful citi
zens and the world's standing armies."
The surrounding ocean ought to per
form that service for an Insular coun
try. In Mr. Hobson's case when the
war fever is In the wit Is out, and that
eems to be almost always.
Th overwhelming regret which
greeted Senator Bailey's "resignation"
reminds one of the mourning at an
ancient Egyptian funeral. There was
much wailing and tearing of the hair,
but it was all purchased at so much
per wail. The resignation was a pretty
piece of acting, but everybody knew
it was Just actingr nothing more. The
powers that Mr. Bailey represents can
not spare him at this Juncture and
after April 4 they will need him more
than ever. ...
Th Chehalta church which requires
women worshipers to take their hats
off has made an Important step toward
th salvation of the men of the town.
Few men can be persuaded to go to
church for the bare pleasure of gaz
ing upon a pile of ribbons, wire and
feathers. Disclose to the masculine
world the face of the preacher, let his
voice sweep unimpeded through the
sanctuary and we venture to predict
that Satan will begin to tremble.
It was a pretty device to have a pho
nograph sing over William Faxson's
favorite songs at his funeral. Not all
men can sing, but there are few who
do not make comments on their wives'
cooking. Why not treasure these up
and make them the principal features
of the husband's funeral? Delivered
from a phonograph, they would give
th proceedings a sprightly turn hith
erto aadly missed. j
It is some satisfaction to learn that
the new Congress wiU "probe th Steel
Trust," but not much. The country
would be more pleased to feel certajn
that the tariff which fattens the Steel
Trust will be removed. Probing is all
very well In its place, but a time comes
ultimately for removing what the
probe has discovered.
Naturally, American-born youth are
the most delinquent in New Tork
City. Tb foreign-born boy Is too busy
learning the language and tricks of
trade to take up a side line of iniquity.
Ther ta nothing coincidental In th
fact that the Controller of the Cur
rency yesterday Issued a call for a
bank statement.
The announcement that Mr. Roose
velt will not discuss any of the public
questions of the day on his tour ta pre
mature. War talk is his hobby.
Th newly-elected City Commission
of Spokane ta a representative body,
considering variety of occupations.
Bertlllon measurements of Abe
Ruef did not Include his gall and
nerve, for Insufficient reasons.
Maneuvers" is a good term and th
ball cartridge Is truly diplomatic.
It may be w will yet fortify all the
way down to the CanaL
Poor old California 1s again
"drownded."
Mr. Taft ta hot on Mr. Roosevelt'
trail. - . .
CAMAS VAIXEY WILL BOOST
Glenwood and Fulda Organize) Com
mercial Clubs.
WH1TH1 SALMON, Wash., March 9.
(Special.) For the further development
of their dairy Interests and to bring
40.000 acres of land naturally adapted
to dairying and diversified farming to
the attention of homeseekers, a booster
club of 45 members has been organ
ized at Glenwood. the little village in the
rich Camas Prairie, 25 miles north of
White Salmon. The officers elected
were: H. R. Murray, president; A. P.
Gordon, secretary; F. R. Sorenson, treas
urer. The Glenwood Club will co-operate
with the recently organized George
Washington Club at Fulda, whose of
ficers are R. O. Timmerman, president;
L W. Woods, vice-president; L. E.
Skelly. secretary; E. A. Palmer, , treas
urer. At Fulda the club intends to
found a townsite, to be known as
"George Washington." " "
Glenwood is stimulated to further ac
tivity by the operations of the Klicki
tat Development Company at "Camp
Mystery." four miles north of town.
The company is damming the river for
a power plant and grading for a bridge
over the river. The camp has given it
out that it is planning for a big open
ing of their works about April L
SNOW IS DEEPEST FOR TEARS
Coast Ranee Drifts 60 Feet Deep.
Placer Miners Aided.
GRANTS PASS, Or, March 9. (Spe
cial.) Deep snows may be seen in
every direction of the compass from
Rogue River Valley points. Old timers
say there has not been as much snow
in the mountains at this time of the
year for 26 years. . From Kerby Waldo
and along the Coast Range come re
ports that the snow in the canyons is
from 40 to 60 feet deep.
In many places tail flr trees barely
project. Trees two and three feet
through have been so heavily laden
with drift that they snapped of at the
trunk. Across the snow fields a thin
crust has formed much like ice. Deer
and other wild game have taken refuge
In the lower Valleys and foothills to
avoid the severe cold and seek forage.
The mining industry will profit
greatly. , Every placer mine in the
country will run late into the Summer
with a full head of water. Many com
panies are already sledding in their
supplies over the snow or to the near
est available point ready for the open
weather; It bids fair to be the biggest
season on the placers the country has
had for a number of years.
P1IOXE FRANCHISE IS NIL
Springfield Service Without Grant,
City Prods Company.
SPRINGFIELD, Or., March 9. (Spe
cial.) After war for several years by
the Springfield Commercial Club and
telephone patrons against the Pacific
States Telephone Company, in an effort
to obtain better service, lower rates,
and a switching center for the farm
ers' lines which now go to Eugene, the
City Council has discovered that the
telephone company was never granted
a franchise. This neglect will be used
to force the demands of the complain
ants. A franchise has been framed which
fixes the maximum rate and places
many restrictions on the company. The
maximum rate named for party lines
is $1.60 a month.
Round-World Walker Faint.
PENDLETON, Or., March 9. (Special.)
Tired, footsore, exhausted and almost
ready to fall by the wayside, J. M.
White, m "around the World" walker,
reached Pendleton shortly before noon
yesterday. The trip from La Grande
acroee the Blue Mountains proved almost
too much for him but after a good meal
and a rest of an hour he continued his
Journey westward, expecting to spend the
night n Echo. Last night was spent on
the hard floor of a cold shack near the
foot of the mountains. White Is the
special reDresentaUve of the Fort Scott
(Kan.) Republican.
Death at Rosebarg Accidental.
ROSEBTTRG, Or March 9. (Special.)
That C. R. Anderson met death by
being struck by southbound Southern
Pacific passenger train No. 17, was the
verdict returned by a Coroner's Jury
here today. Twenty witnesses were
examined, including the crew in charge
of the train. Anderson was killed as
he was returning to his home north of
the city early Sunday morning. All
attempts to find his relatives have been
futile.
Roseburg to Distribute Roses.
ROSEBURG, Or., March 9. (Special.)
At the annual meeting of the Rose
burg Rose Club last night, plana were
made whereby thousands of roses will
be planted here this Spring. It is also
the intention of the club to distribute
roses on the trains passing through
Roseburg during the Summer as was
the custom last year. Officers elected
were: Joseph Sykes, president; Mrs.
Ralph Terrell, first vice-president; Mrs.
J H. Booth, second vice-president; W.
KuykendaU, secretary; W. T. Wright,
treasurer.
Branch to Njssa Surveyed.
ONTARIO. Or.. March 9. (Special.)
Railroad engineers are at work cross
eecUonlng the survey for the Buhl exten
sion of the Oregon Short Line to Nyssa,
11 miles south of Ontario. The building
of this extension has been contemplated
. .1 .nia onrviBrBTlr-n of the
IOr lOim Uiuo - ,
turveyors in the field indicates that con
struction of the road may begin soon.
This extension will connect with the
Short Line at Nyeea on the south side
of the Snake River.
Rosebarg Ready for Granges.
ROSEBURG, Or.. March 9. (Special.)
Arrangements have been completed
for the Douglas County Grange Con
vention to be held here Saturday. B.
L. Eddy, of this city, will be orator of
the day. Representatives to the meet
ing of the state grange will be selected.
A great many farmers throughout
Douglas County are identified with the
grange.
Priest Sells Ontario Farm.
ONTARIO. Or, March 9. (Special.)
The "Priest" ranch, two miles south of
t .nM thla wank to Thomas
Claggett for I20.000. The ranch containt
155 acres or irun umo "
for 12 years by Father Galome, a Catho-
fM rl'.. In K-aniUU. Mr. ClaKgett Will
gJ VI 4CIt aiw --
plat the ranch in ten and 20-acre farms
and plant some oi vue iuu n o.,
Grange Official on Tour.
- w VawVt O Knantnl V
Granges in Klickitat County are to be
visited by Mortimer Whitehead post
National grand lecturer 91 me winS"
of America. He will lecture ai oix r ui,s,
March 15; Centerviue, juarcn 11; vruiuou
u.,h is T.vle. March 19. and at
White Salmon, March 20.
Spring Creek Mill to Move.
HTJSUM, Wash, March 9. (Special.)
The sawmill of the Husum Lumber com
pany on Spring tjreen is w
hort distance to the uplands where
timber Is more plentiful. The mill will
enlarged and new machinery in
stalled to make its capacity 20,000 feet of
s,wed, umber a uur.
STOIP - BCRXIXG IS CHEAPER
pre-Heated Air Process on Washing
ton Campus Is Success.
UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON, Se
attle, Wash., March 9. (Special.) By ex-i-.nrimTita-
mtda bv the United States
; Bureau of Plant Industry, it was learned
i today that the pre-heated air process of
burning stumps Is an economical success
in. clearing logged-of land.
Th. n.ir -im-gsa l the discovery of
! Clarke Smith, of Mount Vernon. It re
1 quires the use of a combustion chamber
I within the heart of tne stump uju
! creation of suction draught by pre-heat-1
lng air necessary for combustion.
' A trench is first dug from a point
four feet away to the base of the stump
about 13 inches below the surface of
the ground. A charcoal fire la started
and a large cast-iron pipe is placed with
in the trench. This pipe Is connected to
.a A ti I nh nlnA In then
H l4B-I.UVfc BkBhA. . V. . . f I
placed within the short length and the
air Is drawn through the smaller pipe to
the point or comDusuon. ims uetumra
j v. ,uA .1, in hontArt before it
. CU 1 ' U . BI1U . . J vu. " "
; reaches the burning portions of the
stump, xne stump is conuumeu.
outside.
r.n.,tmMi, Ann Tpn carried
over the university campus. The cost
and the results will be tabulated and
sent to the Bureau ot riant xnausuy
WLt'Jfi CHOKED, SHE SATS
Milwaukee Doctor, Sued for Divorce,
Is Alleged Brutal.
n-RTWTOTJ nTV March 4. Ooeclal.
Dr. John T. Townley, a well-known
physician of Mllwaukle, is the defendant
i - it a ivat.. inatitiitaA here to
day by Mrs. Louise Townley, to whom be
was married In Oregon iiiy, a una .
Mrs. Townley alleges her husband called
a tnn ani-l thaf whlla thSV W6rB
living at Dufur, he choked her so that
she was 111 for six montns, tnac ne bhju
ha wished she would leave him and
KfiTn aHa Wllltld H1a HO hfl COllld K6t
rid of her. Since they have been living
at MUweirkie he is alleged 10 nave curwa
Iim anA lrlrtlrAffi hur out of bed.
In April. 1909, they moved Into a new
drugstore at Mllwaukle and rented two
rooms. During the year following he to
charged with mistreating her and last
December she alleges he tore her waist
off and scratched her face and arms until
they bled. Mrs. Townley says the doctor
"has an Income of 1360 a month and owns
a 41000 automobile and that sne nas as-
Icrfail oa a ntii-AA In hltlldlnir UO his DPCLC-
tice. She asks for 2o0 court cost and
$25 a month permanent alimony.
SHINER TALKS 14 TONGUES
Pendleton Bootblack, 29, Learns
Languages In Roaming World.
PENDLETON,' Or., March 9. (Spe
cial.) A shiner or snoes who can speaa.
and write eight languages and who Is
.f a nnaftArlnff Of half a
UOOCAOCU . I
dozen others sufficient to make himself
understood, is in Pendleton. AiDen ub
Hall, a native of West India, is the
accomplished menial.
Born on the Island of Trinidad, 29
years ago, he was taken to Paris when
a baby. Much of his knowledge of va-
. Am ,an o-alnari in school
lauua LVUA,MA ci
but the greater part of it was acquired
while KnocKing sdoui mo wuwu.
Starting in as cabin boy on a "wind
Jammer" he advanced rapidly until he
became first mate and won master's
papers. In 1907 he enlisted in the Greek
army and fought with Prince George
against the Turks. At the close of that
war he enlisted on a French man-of-war
and served as interpreter for two
years.
. De Hall says he is shining shoes
through necessity and not choice.
Centralla Widow Asks $10,000.
CENTRALLY, Wash., March 9. (Spe
cial) Mrs. M. Smith, widow of Pa
trolman William Smith, of Centralis,
has commenced suit against the North
ern Pacific Railroad for J10.000 dam-
v. ;aah r f li.r hufth&nd.
Hjjea iui buo .
Smith was killed on the track two
months ago while going on duty. The
verdict ot tne coroner was mjmuouuu
death" and it was shown that Smith
was killed probably through misjudg
ment of distances between him and an
approaching train in the fog.
Albany Elk Elect Officers.
ALBANY, Or, March 9. (Special.)
L. M. Curl, a prominent local attorney,
has been elected exalted ruler of Al
bany Lodge of Elka for the ensuing
year. Other officers chosen are:
Esteemed leading knight, A. W. Bower
sox; esteemed loyal knight. J. N. Cham
bers; esteemed lecturing knight, Harry
Schlosser; secretary, W. V. Merrill;
treasurer, It B. Cusick; tyler, George
B. Simons; trustee, William Eagles.
Oregon City Septuagenarian Dies.
nTON CITT. Or- March 9. (Spe
cial.) Samuel Meyer, a well-known
resident or Oregon uiy, aieo i.
ernoon. Mr. Meyer had been 111 for
some time with tuberculosis. Mr. Meyer
was 73 years old. He is survived by
the following children: Miss Augusta
Meyer and Miss Martha Meyer, of this
city, and Mrs. Henry Zorn, of Cham
poetg. Association Pledges Support.
SALEM. Or., March 9. (Special.)
Governor West is in receipt of resolu
tions adopted by the Oregon Forest Fire
Association, in which the association
extends a vote of appreciation to Gov
ernor West for his interest in and sup
port of the forest fire measure. The as
sociation pledges support and help in
protecting settlers, miners, stockmen and
tlmoer owners.
Three Elgin Places Change Hands.
ELGIN, Or., March . (Special.) Re
cent sales here were: Home Restau
rant to William WigginB; Owl Drug
Store to R. C. Mays and Scott Harris:
Postofflce barbershop to Aliegh Russell
and Sam Halgarth. City property and
ranch property is at a standstill on
account of the great amount of water.
Many new comers are in town.
Logging About to Resume.
HUSUM. Wash. March 9. (Special.)
A crew of loggers passed through town
yesterday on their way to camp No. 5
of the Wind River Lumber Company,
seven miles up the White Salmon River
from this place. Men are also appear
ing for work at the company's camp on
Wind River in Skamania County. Opera
tions are expected to commence at these
camps next week.
Whltefish Invade Klickitat.
HUSUM. Wash., March 9. (Special.)
It is reported that many whltefish are
being caught in the waters of the
Klickitat, east of here. The first angler
Uyet to be discovered who has caught
a fish not belonging to the trout family
In the White Salmon River, . except at
th8 mouth where It empties into the
Columbia River.
1
Springfield Wants Own Plant.
SPRINGFIELD, Or, March 9. (Spe
cial ) With a view of obtaining elec
tricity for street lights and possibly
for all purposes In Springfield, form
In: a municipal system, a committee
was appointed last night by the City
Council to determine the cost of build
ing a sub-station needed if power pass
ing through this city on the Eugene
transmission line is to be purchased,
LINCOLN'S FIRST INACGITRAU
Closing: Passages of Monntom Deliv
erance of 50 Years Ago.
The chief magistrate derives all his
authority from the people, and they
have conferred none upon him to fix
terms for the separation of the states.
The people themselves can do this also
if they choose, but the executive as
such has nothing to do with It. His
duty is to administer the present gov
ernment as it came to his hands and
to transmit it-unimpaired by him to
his successor.
Why should there not be a patient
confidence in the ultimate Justice of
the peopleT Is there any better or
equal hope In the world? In our pres
ent differences. Is either party with
out faith of being in 'the right? If
the Almighty Ruler of nations, with
his eternal truth and Justice, be on
your side of the North, or on yours of
the South, that truth and that Justice
will surely prevail by the Judgment of
this great tribunal of the American
people.
By the frame of the government un
der which we live this same people have
wisely given their public servants but
little power for mischief and have with
equal wisdom provided for the return
of that little to their own hands at
very short intervals. While the people
retain their virtue and vigilance no ad
ministration by any extreme of wicked
ness or folly can very seriously Injure
the Government in the short space of
four years.
My countrymen, one and all, think
calmly and well upon this whole sub
ject. Nothing valuable can be lost by
taking time. If there ba an object to
hurry any of you in hot haste to a step
which you would never take deliberate
ly, that object will be frustrated by
taking time; but no good object can be
frustrated by It. Such of you as are
now dissatisfied still have the old con
stitution unimpaired, and, on the sen
sitive point, the laws of your own fram
ing under it; while the new administra
tion will have no immediate power, if
it would, to change either. If it were
admitted that you who are dissatisfied
hold the right side In the dispute, there
still is no single good reason for pre
cipitate action. Intelligence, patriot
ism, Christianity and a firm reliance
on him who has never yet forsaken
this favored land are still competent to
adjust in the best way all our present
difficulty.
. In your hands, my dissatisfied fellow-countrymen,
and not In mine, Is
the momentous issue of civil war.
The Government will not assail you.
You can have no conflict without be
ing yourselves the aggressors. You
have no oath registered in heaven to
destroy the Government, while I shall
have the most solemn one to "preserve,
protect and defend it."
I am loth to close. We are not ene
mies, but friends. We must not be ene
mies. Though passion may have
Btrained It must not break our bonds
of affection. The mystic chords of
memory stretching from every battle
field and patriot grave to every living
heart and hearthstone all over tills
broad land, will yet swell the chorus
of the Union, when again touched, as
surely they will be, by the better
angels of our nature.
Oregon Certificates In Other States.
PORTLAND, Or, March 7. (To the
Editor.) To settle an argument, would
you kindly inform me through The. Ore
gonlan If It Is ttue that an Oregon school
diploma is not recognized or acknowl
edged in any other state but its own?
And that while a teacher holding a
diploma from a California school, for in
stance, can teach in Oregon or any other
state, one holding an Oregon school
diploma Is required to pass an examina
tion in the other state before considered
qualified to teach there? If true, is it
due to any faulty school system of ours
here in Oregon, or are our schools not.
established as a rule by authority up to
the standard of quality and test of Cali
fornia or other state schools?
A SUBSCRIBER.
The state diploma secured through an
examination before the Oregon State
Board of Examiners is recognized In Cali
fornia and in a majority of states which
recognize any certificates from other
states. There are certain of the states
which recognize certificates from no
other states, whatsoever. The certification
law which passed the last Legisla
ture was designed to result in Oregon
certificates being recognized in all of
those states that recognize certificate
from other states.
. a I
Meaaagea by Wireless.
FALLS CITY. Or., March 6. (To the
Editor.) Please answer through the
columns of The Oregonlan the longest
wireless message ever sent between.
two wireless stations.
LESLIE TOOZE.
The longest distance of wireless
communication is 3600 miles, accom
plished between an army transport
near Honolulu and the Pacific Coast.
Famous Writers,
Novelists and Artists
Contribute to The
Sunday Oregonian
The Sunday Oregonian ha3 on
its staff many of the famous
writers, novelists and illustrators.
In The Sunday Oregonian of
March 12 the following are rep
resented :
E. Phillips Oppenheim, novelist
and short story writer, with a
clever short story, "The Demand
of the Double Four."
Homer Davenport, the famous
cartoonist and humorist, with his
autobiography, "The Country
Boy."
E. J. Edwards, noted corres
pondent, with a page article,
"American Leaders Who Are of
Irish Birth or Descent."
Captain Adrian C. jisou,
noted as a sportsman, who writes
his baseball reminiscences.
Wallace Irwin, humorist, "The
Adventures of Hashimura Togo,
Detective."
. Paul West and W. H. Loomis,
with West's clever verses and
Loomis' dashing drawings in
"The Widow Wise."
Benjamin A. Gifford, one of
the best photographers in the
West, with a full-page picture
entitled, "My Day at Home."
John Grnelle, the clever artist
who is drawing "Mr. Twee
Deedle."
Otis F. Wood, with his comic
pictures of "Sambo and the
Wildman."
t