THE MOTCXFNG OREGONIAN. TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 21. 1911.
rOtTUND. ORtOOX.
rr;r4 at Frt ' a 1 Onin. Poetoff.eo a
t,-an1-ruae Vtttr.
!. nMay ln.-.ud.'i. ori year. . . . . .1-
ai.r. Putiilty IfvclU'l'!. I fa rae cnoetba. 1
:)y. aur.dai tncltdal. or. moata....
t iiT. :naul FjndtT. ene year. . . . . . . -I
wfRoif Sunday, moatba.... 3 3S
e::r. w.tftoot SriQtltir, tfcrea Bomb. XIS
L'...'T. wlthaai aa.laj. M Kolk
"v ne yr ................ -
ene .ar .......... t-o
9ifcday and weakly, ena yer. ...... ... a
IBT CARRIEKl
raitr. Sua'fay tnr:u 11. on year......
t i'.r. ual4 ln-iult. ana roonrh..... .,J
Hew ta Raaail end poetofflce wienar
i r-J w. epra wdr or pereoaal eh am
:or local bank, siamra. co or forrTtr ,
a a? the ttMl-rr rt.a. Oie paiornca
lre In fn!L including eontr aod atata. '
fa. Rataa 10 to la pagaa. I rant: l
' . t cents; lO la paa-aa. a
ta ao paca. ceota. roreiga poaiaa
iMa rata.
I n Haataaaa Office Vet-r Conk
's N-w tora. I'rvmwitA. Building. Cfcl-
ta. Stager building.
UBIXASD. TtTE&DAY. ITB. 11. 111.
nr.covD choick
Being Governor of all the people,
overnor West will of course sign the
tusk bill to add the acond-cholc
eatur to the primary 1- Keporte
hat ha will veto tha meuura are. of
ours, founded on aa unwarranted
issumptlon that (1) tha Governor
will Kek thue to promote tha inter-
iMtt of a pre-election alllanca and
partnership with Jonathan Bourne;
and that (2) a Democratic Governor
la In duty bound to hla party to adopt
any expedient of political strategy or
sheer demagogy that will tend to de
moralize and disrupt tha Republican
party. A Governor of all the people,
of course, will rl3 above auch jordld
and unworthy considerations.
A conspicuous, meritorious and
practical feature of the primary laws
In Washington and Idaho Is the sec-ond-cholce
provision. It has solved
there tha problem of Judicious nom
inations. It has tended to keep the
dominant party harmonious and satis
fled. It has been tha means of unit
ing the discordant and warring ele
ments In a political party and enabled
it to rut up a solid front at tha polls.
It has removed tha chtxf objection to
the plurality primary, in so far as It
permits a candidate of a minority to j
overnue me wm ana arjirri vx iu
great majority. It Is fair to alL
Senator Bourne. It la to be expected,
will violently oppose the second
choice bill. Senator Chamberlain will
see In such a measure a menace to hla
continued Influence In the operations
ar.d counsels of the Republican pri
mary. Governor West but w shall
let tha Governor apeak for himself
later.
XH TATT AS A FOIl LAK UVAnr.K.
The McCa!! bill for establishing
tariff reciprocity with Canada entered
the Houh of Representative as a
Republican measure. It emerged
with Its political character amaslngly
transformed. But for the support of
the Democrats It would have been
hopelessly defeated. Only seventy
eight members of Mr. Taffs party sup
ported It while elghty-elx voted against
It. The Republican party was spilt
pretty near the middle, though tha
cleft was noticeably on tha side un
favorable to Mr. Taft's cherished
measure. Tha Democrats were as
noticeably of one accord. No mora
than five of them voted against rec
iprocity while 14J stood for It.
if we look at the list of Republican
states the record Is fully as curious
and perplexing. A majority of tha
Mouse membership from twenty-one
states which are usually accounted
Republican went against reciprocity
with only six showing a majority In
favor of It. Tha Republican oppo
nents of tha McCall bill were grouped
In the most unexpected manner. Tha
bitterest political foes fought' shoulder
to shoulder against the Presidents
measure.. Stand-patter and Insurg
ent forgot their old causes of enmity
and united for the ' occasion, though
they did not seem to be governed by
ar.y particular rule. Soma of both
sorts were In favor of tha bill and soma
against It.
Still, speaking roughly, we may say
that moat of tha Insurgent members
of the House voted against the rec
iprocity bill. What their motives
were can only be guessed at but one
may fairly suppose that soma of them
believed a free exchange of products
with Canada would Injure our farm
ers. Others, no doubt, know very
well that It could not lnjuro the farmers-
but feel obliged to bow to the
superstitious fiction that It must do
so. For many years the first outcry
against any measure of commercial
freedom has been that It would ruin
the farmers and working classes and
tha old wall waa set up mechanically
when the McCall bill was Introduced.
Just as a ca" will suck whatever
comes Into Its mouth.
We are Inclined to think neverthe
less that soma of tha Insurgent mem-
'bers have been misled by tha energy
of the protest. It Is excessively loud,
to be sure, but only a few men are
making It. The farmers In general
are not half so badly frightened over
the prospect of reciprocity as some
would have us think they are. It may
be that a number of Representatives
in Congresa have mistaken tha sten
torian shouts of a few farmer politi
cians for the voice of the farmers
themselves. The latter understand
moderately well that some slight pos
sible looses on the price of their prod
ucts would be amply compensated bj
cheaper goods which they must buy In
order to live. There is no real pro
test against President Taft's measure
from the people of tha agricultural
states. They may not favor it en
thusiastically but It does not frighten
them and their Insurgent representa
tives will gain no especial prestige
by opposing It.
We may believe that the Repre
sentatives are aware of this and that
they oppose reciprocity not so much
In the hope of gaining popularity as
because they dislike tha President.
The McCall bill Is tha first Adminis
tration measure which undeniably
represents Mr. Tsft himself and in
his best mood. He has fathered marry
others but they have emanated from
his advisers and have borne In nu
merous instances tha stamp of unpop
ular interests. In advocating reci
procity Mr. Taft seams to have broken
away from tutelage and taken the
reins into his own hands. The peo
ple like this. They admire a man
who has a will of his own and while
soma may not care much about reci
procity tha majority do care a great
deal about the new disposition of the
President. Should the McCall bill fi
nally carry and become law It will go
far to make Mr. Tift an acceptable
Presidential candidate In 111. The
tcsurgenla understand this and It ac
counts for a great deal of their hos
tility to reciprocity. It is really hos
tility to Mr. Taft as tha next nominee
of the Republican party. Tba almost
unanimous vote of the Democrats In
favor of tha bill may be attributed to
a similar motive.
The Insurgents do not wish to sea
Mr. Taft the next Presidential candi
date of the Republican party because
they believe he can not be elected
Some of them would even refuse to
support him. The Democrat are Just
as eager to see him nominated because
they believe he would be an easy man
to defeat. For this reason they give
him all possible help In passing the
reciprocity bill which will further his
prospects Immensely If it becomes
law. In our opinion both the Insur
gents and the Democrat are reason
ing Incorrectly. Should Mr. Taft live
up to the record ha Is now making
he would not b an easy man to de
feat. He has been unpopular be
cause he has yielded his own better
Judgment to Indiscreet advisers. If
he goes his own way during the rest
of hs term the TOters will rally round
him more and more enthusiastically.
In particular If he call a special ses
sion to take up the reciprocity bill
and other desirable measure whose
fata Is now uncertain It will enhance
his prestige Incalculably.
No matter whether tha roter desire
reciprocity at this moment or not,
they do desire now and always a
President who knowa how to exercise
the full power of hi great office and
tha nearer Mr. Taft comes to that
Ideal tha better his chances for re
election In 11.
HO CONTROL OF TTBUC nniTIWf
Tha able and Ingenious gentlemen
who got up the local Rlesland-Kella-her
public utilities bill produced an
extraordinary document. Besides de
vising an elaborate system of local
control, they Instructed the Governor,
the Supreme Court and the Circuit
Court as to their respective duties and
withdrew the city of Portland and
Its public service corporations from
the authority of the stale, county, and
government. Oreat scheme. Indeed!
Now the Legislature ho enacted
tha Malarkey state-wide public utili
ties control bill. The vote In both
houses was overwhelming. The meas
ure was sharply attacked and freely
nnit In Ms final form It
was satisfactory to tha Legislature
and doubtless Is to the Governor.
We hear now that the referendum
Is to be Invoked on the Malarkey act
by the disappointed partisans of the
Rlealand-Kellaher bill. The plan is
to hold up the state act till November.
1112. and meanwhile at tha city elec
tion In June through the Initiative
pass the Rlesland-Kellaher bill. What
then? Will the city have effective
and Judlclou control of Ita public
utilities meanwhile? Hardly. We
can foresee only a fla of trouble
some litigation and of freedom from
real discipline and regulation of the
local corporations. If the local bill
passes, so. we think, will the people
of tha state by a Urge vote approve
the state-wide act. It Is to ba as
sumed that tha cltlxens of the state at
large will not waive the opportunity
to control their public utilities. In
order that Portland may have It own
supreme and exclusive way. . If then
the state act passes, tha local bill be
comes void.
Tha trouble with the active sponsors
of the Rlesland-Kellaher bill la that
they prefer no control to state con
trol no control except their control.
But neither city nor state ought
to turn over It public utilities to
Dan Kellaher.
rnOTETT1G Ol K PANAMA PROPERTY.
Perhaps the moat noticeable feature
of the sentlm.Tt against the fortifica
tion of the Panama Canal Is the fact
that It Is confined to tha United
Statea. It is somewhat surprising that
Great Britain. Germany and other
foreign countries, which might rea
sonably be expected to favor neutral
ity at the canal, have maintained a
due reel silence regarding the matter.
Among our own people has arisen aU
of the opposition made to the fortifi
cation plan, r.lchard Olney. ex-Soc-retary
of State, one of the original ob
jectors to tha fortification of the
canal, la out with another statement
protesting against the Administration
plans for properly guarding the great
property. In support of his argu
ment. In hla latest manifesto. Mr.
Olney refers to the Clayton-Bulwer
treaty of 150 In which Great Britain
and the United States "agreed not to
ever, erect or maintain fortifications
commanding the canal."
This treaty made at a time when It
wa uncertain whether the canal
would be completed by a single na
tion or by number of powers was
uperseded br number of others of
mora recent date. In selecting one
most favorable to hla argument. Mr.
Olney mentions the draft of the nay
Pauncefota treaty of 1800 which pre
vented fortification but permitted tha
United States to maintain such mili
tary police along tha canal a may be
necessary to protect It against lawless
ness and disorder." Admitting that
thl treaty failed to get through the
Senate. Mr. Olney deems It "Important
to refer to It because It clearly dis
tinguishes between fortifications of
the Panama Canal and military polic
ing against lawlessness and disorder.
The former "was prohibited and the
latter allowed."
It Is quite obvlou that a treaty
which wa never ratified could neither
"prohibit" nor "allow" any privileges
or usages of the canal. This brings
tha Olney argument down to the
treaty of December 1. 1901. which
ha says "undoubtedly was a matter of
careful negotiation and In which on
tha one hand, the United States made
no assertion of right to fortify, and
on the other hand. Great Britain gave
It consent to the malntainance of
such military police along the canal
a may be necessary to protect it
against lawlessness and disorder."
It was unnecessary that the United
States, as far back as 101, should
make any assertions of the right to
fortify the canal. Tha project was
still in an embryotlc state with all of
the details -to be worked out. The
Panama Canal project, when It fi
nally assumed definite shape and ac
tive construction began, became ex
clusively an American enterprise. It
was built by American money through
territory in which tha American Gov
ernment had exclusive rlghu. There
was no mora necessity for the United
States to ask permission to fortify the
canal than there was for It to secure
permission to equip It -with a certain
style of locks and gates.
Great Britain, In giving treaty con
sent to tha proper policing of the
canal as a protection against 'lawless
ness and dUordcr," undoubtedly be-
Uavad that some kind of fortification
was a necessary feature of tha mili
tary police programme. It Is some
what puzzling to understand the mo
tive which prompt American citizens
of the type of Mr. Olney to attempt
to weaken the position of the United
State at Panama and place In the
hands of foreign powers facilities
which they have not sufficient nerve
to ask for themselves.
ALT ALFA HOOTS rOB II CM AX TOOD.
The cautious reader will put a grain
or two of salt into the report that
alfalfa roots have been found to be
a delicious and sustaining article of
human food, before he swallows it.
There Is no accounting for tastes and
the Hermlston man who Is said to
have been devouring these vegetable
substance for a week or more may
have a palate exactly suited to such
esculents.
"Why should any man go hungry,"
cried Peter Pounce, -lth theso delicious-salads
growing In every field?"
Tha trouble 1 that tha human stom
ach can not digest a great many' herbs
which are agreeable and nutritious for
cattle. Most of the foods upon which
tha human race subsists are very an
cient. Tha discovery of America con
tributed nothing of prime importance
to our diet except maize and potatoes.
Tobacco also belongs to tha Western
Hemisphere but wa do not class that
pestiferous plant among articles of
diet. A great many roots which were
consumed locally by the Indians were
abandoned aa soon a tha white man
appeared with his European or Ori
ental food plant. W 0 not hear of
the camaaa lily root or tha wapato be
ing prepared for use now, though a
great deal has been written about
their sapidity and nutritious qualities.
Almost all the new foods which are
occasionally . recommended by Inno
vators In medlcln and diet turn
out rather disappointingly. Peanuts,
which havl been highly praised, con
tain a substance which nauseates most
people if many of them are eaten.
Walnuts affect the vocal cords un
favorably. Beans contains an acid
which must be carefully neutralized
before they become entirely whole
some. In short, there are only a few
varieties of food stuffs which are
adapted by Nature to the needs of
man In the North Temperate Zone and
all of these but potatoes and maize
he has been eating for many thou
sands of years. When one has men
tioned meat, grain, fruit and some
half a dozen roots what else Is there?
No doubt peas and beans must be In
cluded In our list, but not many other
products of the soil. Alfalfa root
may be an acceptable article of hu
man diet, but tha presumption Is
against them.
WIVES ntOM CERMA.VT.
Eugene Beck, a farmer of the Big
Bend wheat district, has gone to Lux
emburg. Germany, his errand being
to procure a colony of German las
sies to become the wives of the lonely
bachelor ranchers of that wheat
abounding region. His mission Is not
quite so big In possibilities of home
sickness and unhapplness due there
to, as is the schema of the woman
missionary In foreign lands, but that
It foreshadows more of heartache than
heart's ease among the transplanted
damsels of foreign birth and tongue
Is a foregone conclusion to all who
are familiar with the excess of wretch
edness embodied In tha term: "A
homesick woman."
A ahlTwarrx-kfil ullor WaltlnaT for
a sail," was Tennyson's embodiment
of pathetlo longing and waiting, a
homesick woman, waiting without
hope of return to her kindred 1 an
embodiment of wretchedness in real
life to whom all sympathy, kindness
and patience are due, "I wa so
homesick for four or five years after
I came out hre," said a gray-haired
woman recently In speaking of hei
early home In the beautiful wilder
ness of the Oregon country, "that I
wished John (her husband) had died
before I ever saw him." Fancy, if
possible, misery that will drive a
gentle,, affectionate woman to a wish
of this kind!
There may be hard utility Justified
by an end which no homesick woman
can see from tha beginning In the
scheme to Import wives from simple,
populous German homes in "fader
land" for tha sturdy matter-of-fact
ranchers of the wide and lonely areas
of tha Western world, but there Is
nothing In It that calls for Jest or
superficial thought. In the view of
tho utilitarian these German girls
will be "better off" a the wives of
American nnchers than In their
simple homes in Luxemburg, and no
doubt posterity will be the gainer by
the change; but sympathy Is cer
tainly the due of the "homesick" col
ony during the first five years resi
dence on tha lonely ranches of the
Great West
AMr.BICA'8 GREAT WHEAT PORTS.
Nearly one-half of ail the wheat
shipped foreign from the United
State in January was sent from Port
land, and for the seven month end
ing February 1, this city led all other
American ports by a margin of more
than 1.900.000 bushels. The nearest
approach to Portland was made by
the Puget Sound cities with combined
shipment of J. 254.221 bushels, Balti
more coming third with 2,861.160
bushel and Philadelphia fourth. For
the first time New Tork has fallen
Into fifth place. These figures, which
are taken from the preliminary state
ment of the Bureau of Statistics, and
the accompanying figures on flour ex
ports show that the Oregon and
Washington porta combined, exported
nearly one-half of the wheat that
was sent foreign- from the United
States In the past seven months while,
for tha same period, nearly one-sixth
of tha flour export cleared from
Portland and Puget Sound ports.
The fact that this heavy gain In
percentage of business handled has
been made without very much of an
Increase In the volume makes a no
ticeable showing of tha declining pres
tige of the Eastern ports aa wheat ex
porting point at a time when the
West is more than holding its own.
The decrease from all ports has been
remarkably uniform for the past few
years. For the seven months ending
February 1, 1909. the total export of
wheat were 67.962,610. For the same
period a year later, there was a de
crease to 87.S25.636 bushels. This
year the total for the period Is 17,
026 167 bushels. While wheat thus
decreased approximately 20.000.000
kih.i in the seven months' period
ach year since 1909. flour exports fell
away 1,000.000 barrels eacn year.
The wheat crop of the United States
last year was with two exceptions the
largest on record. Tet the export for
the first seven months of the cereal
year war the smallest, for any simi
lar period. These facts together with
the msager shipments from tha At
lantic and Gulf port at a time when
the North Pacific port are still ship
ping heavily, indicate that the East
and Middle West are much nearer the
point where consumption overtake
production than ha been generally
supposed.
Summarized, all American porta
have shipped in wheat and flour this
season, a total of approximately 43.
000,000 bushels. Of this amount the
Pacific Northwest, with a crop below
the average, has contributed more
than 14.000,000 bushels. Next year
with our new territory and a good
crop In tha old districts, thl percent
age will undoubtedly show still great
er Increases. '
It is Impossible for any community
to measure the loss it suffers through
the death of a man like the late W.
H. Corbett. With an energy and abil
ity that made him, while still a young
man, a ieader in the Industrial and
commercial life of the city, the limit
of hla power was still far In the fu
ture. He planned and bullded on an
extensive scale. With his Ufa work
hardly more than started ha bad al
ready achieved wonderful success and
has left hi Impress on tha city In
which he wa an important factor.
Aside from his business qualifications
and his enterprise, Mr. Corbett was a
good, clean, high-minded citizen, of a
type which la all too rare. The loss
of such men, while Irreparable to his
family and Immediate friends, 1 also
felt by the entire community.
Do you remember men of Port
land, grown old or growing old how
as boys you thought the Washington
Guard was the mainspring of the
Nation's defense? Were there ever
such uniforms as the soldiers of the
old guard wore In those days? And
their high-topped, laced boot a they
valiantly marched ankle-deep through
the mud of First street on Washing
ton' birthday; do you remember how
these excited your envy and admira
tion? And have you ever heard music
since that compared with the strains
of "Tankee Doodle" as piped by the
brass band that led this valorous pro
cession ? Of course not. Hark back
in memory half a century and enjoy
Washington's birthday in eager, good
old-fashioned style. It "will make you
boys again while the review lasts.
The extent of the encroachment
which the farmer has made on the
stockman in the neighboring State of
Washington is shown In tho report of
the State Board of Tax-Commlssloneri
which has been sent to the Legislature
at Olympla. According to the figures
of the tax commissioners, there are at
the present time but 805.60 S head of
cattle In the state, compared with
406,669 In 1906. Sheep have decreased
In number from 625.770 In 1906 to
359,407 In 1910. An encouraging
feature of the report is tha statement
that 69 per cent of tha cattle in tha
state are milch cows. As a good milch
cow will annually turn off a greater
value in butter and milk than the
total salable price of the ordinary
stock animal, the change has been for
the better.
The problem of closing the Post
office in citle on Sunday la easy of
solution. . Keep th'em open. Let the
clerks pattern after many labor
iminna hv araranlzlns' and enforcing a
six-day law for the members, by which
a man get on day rest in tne wee.
This might require mora men, but the
probability la otherwise; the knowl
edge that ha ha a regular day off
coming Is a powerful Incentive to
"pull out" to a man who hitherto ha
had but a few hours of a "spoiled"
day. The email office will not bo af
fected, for their postmasters of neces
sity have ,to be "good fellows" and
open at train time. v
Unless tho Governor shall use his
veto power, which is unlikely, a new
law will allow County Court to appro
priate annually $500 for poultry
shows, the money to be used for ex
penses and premiums. There i merit
In this measure. While tho money
will for a few years go exclusively to
the "cranks" who make form and
feather the aim of the business. It
will aid in disseminating proper
knowledge and creating rivalry among
people who are now far from enthusi
astic. The 100-egg hen Is needed on
the Oregon farm, and money prizes
and blue ribbons will speed her com
ing. t
The common rule In politics Is that
the more bills a Governor vetoes the
greater his popularity. We shall soon
see whether it covers Governor West'
o. not There are exceptions to
all rules and he may be persuaded by
soma unfriendly demon to veto just
the bill which everybody wants him
to sign. Shut up In that philosophical
seclusion iwhich he loves he is liable
to make all sorts of mistakes about
popular likes and dislikes.
It. Is said that the head of Gulteau.
the assassin of President Garfield, Is
preserved in a private museum near
Muncle, Indiana. A gruesome relic,
truly, and one scarcely deserving a
passing glance of horror. The au
thorities in charge of the body of
.h. ..aaaain of President McKlnley
very properly took no chances with
the curiosity shop and the relic hunt
ers, but buried the body of Czolgoss In
Quicklime.
Rudyard Kipling showed young
Gates the way when he lifted Harvey
Cheyne out of Southern California
and turned him over to the "highly
paid specialist" of the Lake Shore in
"Captain Courageous" with all records
broken.
If an acre of land net it owner
$1600 a year, how much is It worth
when money brings In 8 per cent in
terest? It is iworth $20,000. Who'll
be the first to pay that Bum for an
acre of celery land at Hood River?
Just a word of advice: When a
noted citizen goes to Baltimore, let
him be announced as Tom Richard
son, of Portland. .
Samson, according to a local clergy
man, was "a fighter who could not
come back." Tet upon his reappear
ance he brought down the house.
' A net profit of $1600 on an acre of
celery in the Hood River Valley shows
that all it resources are not up a
tree.
la It not about tlrme to resurrect? the
word "sllurian" to apply to tho bridge
obstructionists?
If the second-choice bill la vetoed
everyone will surmise iwhy.
HOW TO PROTECT PHEASAA'TS.
Market for Plumage Asserted to Be
Very Thuac Needed.
PORTLAND. Feb. 20. (To the Editor.)
Such nonsensical laws as that recently
brought to light bearing on the wearing
of and sale of the plumage of tha China
pheasant account largely for the utter
disregard by tho majority of our people
of a large part of the laws on our statute
books. Here is a law that will make
criminals of a large part of any Oregon
community.
The animals are to be protected by
the prosecution of the ultimate con
sumer. Why not bring into court and
cinch every one wearing an elk's tooth?
A fine of about HO.OuO would be about in
proportion to the value of a China pheas
ant. Or to go a trifle further, judging
from the price of meat, shoes, gloves,
etc., cattle must be on the verge of
extinction. Why not send any one to
the rockplle for a reasonable period, of
from nve to 15 years, according to his
physical strength, who may be caught
wearing shoes? This .would help both
ways. The police would be able to catch
one occasionally, and the county needs
the rock to make automobile roads.
President Finley, of the Audubon So
ciety, says the market demand must be
stopped. .Unhappily for the China
pheasant Mr. Flnley's recommendations
will not reach much beyond the con
fines of ths state, while the feathers
make an exceedingly pretty bat so that
other ladles in other states will gain
what our own wives, daughters and
sweetheart lose. Moreover. It Strikes
the writer, who has lived in the North
west all his life and seen various kinds
of game crowded out by the march of
settlement, that the surest way to keep
the China pheasant from extinction Is
the very thing President Finley bemoans,
viz.. the establishment of a market value
for the plumage. As a game bird he will
soon go the way of the prairie chicken,
which only a few years ago could be
seen by the thousand in a day's travel.
Has any one seen even a few of late
years? But had they had a brilliant
plumage like the Chinas, one might as
well have asked a farmer to be allowed
to go gunning in his pasture for sheep
as to have hunted chickens, provided,
of course, a market had been established
for the feathers.
The Law referred to is only equaled for
utter asslnlnlty by the zeal with which
a certain element of any community
seeks to enforce it. There is no ques
tion but the people who are attacked by
It feel hurt, humiliated and wronged,
and it is about time for the normal citi
zen without inclination to disobey the
law of our land to rise In his might and
put a good-sized wad of such plnhead
legislation in the wastebasket, not for
getting in the meantime to relegate the
legislator to the simple life.
B. C. WOOD.
10 YAiitJIXA INDIANS KNOWN.
Pioneer Duobla Their Existence as a
Distinct Tribe.
NEWPORT. Or., Feb. 16. (To the Edi
tor.) In Sunday's Issue of February 12
Dr. Frachenberg says:' "It was sup
posed until now that the Lower Ump
qua and Sluslaw forms of speech were
mere dialects of the Yaqulna."
In the investigation of a matter of
this kind, it seems to roe it would be
nacessary to find an Indian claiming to
be a Taquina Indian (if there ever was
a tribe of that name). This certainly
cannot be done. I aerlously doubt If
within the knowledge of the oldest pio
neer any evidence can be found to es
tablish the fact that there was a tribe
of. Yaqulna Indiana I allude, of course,
to' the Indians who many years ago
lived at the mouth of the river or on
Its banks and known distinctively as
"Yaqulnas," and from which the bay is
supposed to have derived its name.
The reports made to the Indian Depart
ment by Indian superintendents, such
a Parrlsh, Palmer, Brooks and Harvey,
are perfectly familiar with this bay and
the people living on its shores, but say
nothing about Yaqulnas, though they
speak with positlveness about Tilla
mook. Alseas and Siuslaws, snd tribes
south, but not a word about Slletz or
Yaqulna Indiana Why this omission?
Because there was none of these In
dians and their "dialect" had been
burled year before the Siletz reserve
was set aside. When Tag-an-e-sla lo
cated at the mouth of Siletz with a few
Yukas (the tribe having been brought
to the Slletz from Yuka Creek), he found
a few Tillamook.- Nestucca and Salmon
River Indians, but no Indiana claiming
to be distinctly Slletz or Yaqulna In
dians. , .
I visited Yaqulna in May, 1&2, and
where the Ocean House now stands Ar-mas-eh
waa living and had lived since
a young man. He was then white-haired
and at least 70 years old. He had about
him probably 20 persons all told. He
said he was a "Ko Keel" (Coqille). had
left bis tribe, and stragglers up and
down the Coast made up his "tribe" or
following. He knew nothing of any
other Indians ever living in the bay, es
pecially the "Yu Koonas." as he pro
nounced the name, though the great
shell mounds everywhere to be seen in
dicated, even to his mind, the day when
Indians were numerous. But they had
long since passed to the happy hunting
round. It la very gratifying to know
that the dialect of the Yaqulnas Is In
no danger of being mixea up wim iu
"Waw-waw" of the Lower Umpqua and
Sluslaw Indians. R. A. BEN9ELL.
A Han Who Remembered Waterloo.
Philadelphia Ledger.
' James Grieve believed to be the old
est man in Scotland, died at his dwell
ing. Coran-tee Loch, Eckslde. recently.
He was a native of Innernesshire.
where, according to his own belief, he
wa born In the year 1800. He fixed
the date of hi birth by his recollec
tions of Waterloo. He was then a boy
working In the fields, and when the
news of the victory arrived, he, with
his feilow laborers, participated in the
general rejoicings. At that time he
was 14 or 15 years of age. He main
tained the use of his faculties almost
up to the last, and was able to see and
speak with visitors till within a few
weeks, says the Westminster Gazette.
Mr Orieve bad spoken with men who
had seen Prince Charlie and had heard
his grandfather describe that historic
personage; and his grandfather and
his' uncle had taken part in a High
land clan feud. For almost ninety-five
years he worked as a shepherd, and
even after he had retired from con
tinuous labor he continued to assist
In the fields.
College Man's Tlew Appropriations.
HOOD RIVER, Or.. Feb. 14. (To the
Editor.) In your editorial of the 13th
. . v.. is (1(1(1 nnn Htate." vou
inex. 1 v'b"" ' . - ,
say that it is with some reluctance, and
at the risk of being misunderstood, that
you mention the appropriation for the
State University. Now, do not be afraid
of being misunderstood bythe men who
foot the bills. We believe In people
... Hiifr wtrtt nndpr
getting an cuu""u. - "-
such extravagance and poor Judgment
as Is shown in that bill.
11 . man m ,T..T f tlllt T
I am a cuncso -
worked my way through and paid my
own bills. The Agricultural School is
.... , , n . wl.h n n n wO
ail tne scnoui
additional courses. This country is
..1 j.ffw nn anhoola and is turn-
lne out too many "educated fools.
Snow-Burden.
Edith st. Thomas.
They bear the bJrdon of the snow
They bear it with a patient graca,
Tha drooping- trees! Tat well they know
A melting hour cornea on apace.
Ah, If hot Time, that crowns me white.
Aa equal clemency would show,
Tnen I. soma soft, mild day or nlht.
Would drop tha burden of tha snow!
ELLIS AND THE VERSOS SEWER.
Woodlawa Association Give Statement
f Its Views.
PORTLAND. Feb. 17. (To the Edi
tor.) On behalf of the members of the
Woodlawn Improvement Association
will you kindly grant space in The
Oregonian to correct a wrong im
pression that has been given out re
garding the stand the association has
taken upon the sewer question which
has been agitating the residents of the
Vernon sewer district.
We the committee referred to in the
following .resolution wish to state the
following facts:
At the regular meeting of Woodlawn
Improvement Association held this
evening the following resolution was
passed; That a committee be appointed
to Inform the public the action taken
by the Woodlawn Improvement Asso
ciation regarding the sewer question,
which is as follows:
"On January 6. 1911 (notice the date),
at a regular meeting a resolution was
passed favoring a sewer providing
same did not empty .into Columbia
slough.
At the meeting of the association
held January 20, 1911, it was stated
that if the sewer was built it was to
empty Into the Columbia slough. Coun
cilman J. T. Ellis, for the tenth ward,
was present and did not correct that
statement. If it was not then con
templated to empty the sewer into the
Columbia slough Councilman J. T. Ellis,
(we regret we cannot in Justice to our
selves use the word "our" before the
word "Councilman") should have then
and there disputed that statement,
which he did not do, but allowed it to
stand. In view of that statement being
undisputed and allowed to stand,
the residents of Woodlawn, and of
other districts as well, have objected,
very strongly to any sewer being built
which would empty into the Columbia
slough -
We believe a large majority of the
residents of Woodlawn are anxious
that a sewer should be constructed,
providing that a proper Banltary outlet
can be obtained, and that It can be built
at a cost which Is not excessive.
The foregoing we think uhows. the
reason fqr the stand the residents of
Woodlawn have taken.
We would lose our dignity and self
respect, if we should make any reply to
the slurs and innuendoes cast upon us
by Councilman J. T. Ellis, and the resi
dents, of other districts, embraced in
the Vernon Sewer District.
CHARLES E. YORK, President.
W. MANLET COOK, Secretary.
J. M. KNIGHT,
G. H. HAMILTON,
W. L. GREENE,
Committee.
PLKA FOR THE) BLACK BEAR.
Trapper Says Animal Is Harmless and
Deserves Protection.
PORTLAND. Feb. 1. (To the Edi
tor.) I have noticed in the columns
of The Oregonian the doings of the
Legislature In regard to our game laws
and would like to say a word or two
on behalf of one of the nobest of ani
mals on the list of big game, the black
bear. Everyone knows Just what he
looks like, but I think that, with the
exception of a few hunters and nat
uralists, I can safely say" that very lit
tle of his habits and haunts is known.
I have spent several years hunting and
trapping in the wilds and have had
tha opportunity to study all these
things and have come to the conclu
sion that this big good-natured fellow
Is being' persecuted, for the Oregon
law gives him no protection whatever.
The average person seems to think
that a bear is some big. vicious beast,
who goes rumbling and growling
through the forest, killing everything
that crosses his path, but let me say
right here that I have tracked and
trailed bear many a time and the only
times that I have ever found him kill
ing anything to eat was In the Fall of
the year, when he goes along the
streams pulling out a salmon now and
then. Of course, he wlll'eat meat but
very seldom does he ever kill It him
self. He is somewhat of a vegetarian,
living on roots, skunk cabbages, etc.
As for his actions In coming In con
tact with the ' human family, several
times I have met one face to face, and
both of us alone, but most always he
will start out of that vicinity at about
the same pace his human brother does.
The black bear Is becoming scarcer
year by year and with all the foolish
bills that have been before our law
makers in regard to the protection of
game, why will 'some of the sports
men of our good state overlook him,
as evon around sheep and cattle he is
almost harmless unless starved?
H. K. B.
Dearth of Morriaseable Women.
SOUTH BEND, Wash., Feb. 20. (To
the Editor.) Mr. Keaton has a com
munication In The Oregonian of Feb
ruary 15 asking for the reorganization
of the Women's Matrimonial Bureau
to assist In aiding the development of
home-bulldlng in our Coast counties.
Cannot some of our progressive Port
land women do that organize and help
draw the eligible women of the East
here. It would be a blessing for our
different communities if they would
do so, as we need women who will
stay on the farm, stay by their hus
bands and raise families. The glare
and glitter of the cities are smashing
our quiet, peaceful and happy country
homes; the wives for. our hundreds of
yoilng farmers, who have homes ready,
are not here In the West we must get
them from the East, er from Europe,
and that's tho long and short of it.
Give the Eastern women a chance
here and from what I have seen of
them in the East they will put an end
to this chaos and confusion on our
farms.
The women of Montreal have aided
the Dominion farmers by the Intro
duction from Europe of 5000 marriage
able women all settled now. The
Canadian government educational de
partment has brought across the
ocean from Ireland 1000 female school
teachers. J. B. W.
A Suocessful Campaign.
Chicago Record-Herald.
We're married sister off at last, and pa and
ma are glad:
Tba troubles that we had are past; we've all
quit feeltn' sad:
Now mebby I'll have things to wear that
wasn't pa's tefore.
And none of us will hava to car about
expense no mora.
They ay his father's got a pile; ha gave a
house to als.
Where him and her will live la style, with
servants, after this;
Pa used to fret a lot about the price of
meat and coal. '
But now hla Heart Is free from doubt and
Joy Is In his soul.
Wa put on all tha airs wa oould whan ha
began to come;
I acted as they said I should and sa quit
bein' glum;
Ma, every chance she got. would toll about
our pedigree.
And made him think wa had a swell and
old. old fambly tree.
Wo all pretended to believe that sis was
somethin' great.
And that we'd set around and grieve if
she would meet her fate;
Ma af ten cot him coaxed aside and in a
tremblln' tone
Would tell about the bors who'd tried to
win her for their own.
We went in debt to dress her well of
-course he never knew;
Gas, but we kept her lookin' swell; she was
outclassed by few;
Fa cut my hair to save expense; we kept
things clean and neat.
And everything waa cooked Immense whan
he stayed here to eat.
We've got her married oft at last, and pa
and ma are glad;
Ths troubles that wa had axe past; we'll
all quit bein' sad;
It took all we could raise to dress her so
he'd catch a prize;
The way the plan worked out I guess it
pays to advertise.
Timely Tales of the Day
Hon. G. O. West. Mayor emeritus of
Chehalis. at a banquet given bv the
Portland Commercial Club in honor of
the delegates of the Houthwestern
Washington Development Association,
which held a convention in Vancouve-.
Wash., this week, told of how be came
tc the United States from England in
1856, in an old "windjammer," whicn
took two months to cross.
The weather was rough, so to be sure
they were holding their course, the
mate and captain compared their notes
in the logbook. One day the mate waa
humiliated to read, after the other ob
servations, "The mate Is very drunk
today."
He remonstrated with the captain,
saying that he might lose his position
with the company when he returned.
"Well, you are drunk, ain't you?"
asked the captain.
"Yes, I am drunk, but I .don't want to
have it recorded in .the logbook."
"Well, it will have to stand."
The next day, when the captain read
the logbook he was shocked to see,
after the nautical observations, "The
captain is sober today."
He remonstrated with the mate and
said he did not want 4t recorded that
he was sober, because the company
might get the Impression that he was
an old soak.
"Well, you are sober, ain't you?"
"Yes." meekly answered the captain.
. "Then It will have to stand," glee
fully rejoined the mate.
a a a
H. W. Stone, general secretary of tha
Portland Young Men's Christian Asso
ciation, was recently the chief speaker
at the State Boys' Convention at HiUs
boro. Several hours before tha meet
ing at which the address was to be de
livered. Mr. Stone went to E. E. Per
kins, religious work director of the
Portland Y. M. C. A., for advice.
"My address Is pretty heavy for a
talk to boys," he said. "As I have It
outlined now, It's too sober. 60 I guess
tell a story. What do you think
of this one?
"A man was just about to be re
leased from the Insane Asylum at 3a
lem. "You will be cured in two months,'
the physician told him. So the man
wrote a letter to his family breaking
the good news. As he was preparing
to mail it he dropped a stamp that lit
sticky side down on a cockroach. As
the man watched the stamp scoot along
the floor, then up the wall and across
the ceiling, he was seized with despair.
" 'Two months be hanged- 1 won't be
cured for two years!" he exclaimed."
"Fine," was Mr. Perkins' assurance.
It is generally admitted that Mr.
Stone Is one of the best story-tellers
In Oregon. But the lunatic story didn't
go. When he finished the anecdote
there was a dismal silence not a laugn
not a smile. It is said Mr. Stone came
nearer losing his self -possession than
ever before, and that his address that
night was the poorest he ever deliv
ered. Mr. Perkins had coached the boys
not to laugh.
a a a
Another story told around the Y. M.
C. A. is on A. M. Grilley, the physical
direct6r. Mr. Grilley also sought to
"put one pver" on Mr. Stone, but It re
sulted quite differently.
All of the Y. M. C. A. secretaries had
been invited to spend an evening at
Mr. Stone's home. It was known to
them that the occasion was to be abso
lutely Informal, and also that the gen
eral secretary has a personal aversion
to appearing In a dress suit. So Mr.
Grilley conceived the idea of getting
all the guests to go In evening dress.
Some of the others thought they coul.i
play an even better joke and direct it
at Mr. Grilley.
As a result, when Mr. Grilley entered
the Stone residence that night, clad in
the most formal evening wear and car
rying a silk hat. he found that all of
his fellow-secretaries had arrived be
fore hirn. but there wasn't another
evening suit to be seen. Mr. Grilley
was the hero of the evening and he re
ceived all of the deferenoe and atten
tion that his attire warranted.
a a
Gabriel Win gate, late candidate for
Secretary of State, whom every one in
Astoria calls Just "G," is an ardent
Scot. When Harry Lauder appeared In
Portland last year, Wlngate and hi
trusty crony, Flnlayson, Journeyed to
the metropolis to make part of the
great comedian's audience.
While they were gone, it rained In
Astoria, and a great slice ft the hill
directly under Wlngate's mansion slid
away Into the tide flats below. Re
turning home late at night, singing "I
Love a Lassie," the two Scots were
mystified when they reached what
should have been the neighborhood of
home and found the landscape changed
beyond recognition. Wlngate surveyed
the surrounding blocks and found them
bearing their usual aspect. At length
he espied his house, towering apparent
ly in thin air.
"Whist, man." he said. "There's the
house, all right, but whaur's the hill It
used to stand on?"
Half a Century Ago
From The Oregonian. Feb. 21. 1861.
The officers of the Multnomah Coun
ty Agricultural Society for the present
year are as follows: President, Thomas
Frazer; first vice-president, John
Powell; second. P. A. Marquam; treas
urer, J. D. Holman; secretary, M. S.
Burrell; executive committee, A. J.
Dufur, Jas. F. Bybee, H. Falling.
Colonel M. T. Simmons is announced
In Washington Territory as a candi
date for Delegate to Congess.
President Marsh, of the Pacific Uni
versity, Oregon, has obtained the
requisite funds in aid of that. institu
tion during his present visit to North
ern cities.
In Mesllla and Arizona meetings
have been held at which Southern
rights were fully indorsed. These are
the people who expect the National
Government to build a Pacific railroad
to suit their convenience.
The Oregon carried a pretty large
lot of Oregon produce to Victoria.
Passenger fare .was fixed at $10 for
steerage and $20 for cabin. Freight $8
for all but flour, which was $8.
Woman.
Detroit Free Press.
She's on the Job from morning till sight,
she Is a source of rare delight.
She has her fads and follies, but her
Sho stands for all that's good and true, and
ana IB num. imuugu uu . .
O, woman, lovely woman, she would make
a fog horn sing.
She rises at the break of day and dishes
up our breakfast hay.
She scrubs and dresses alt the kida and
packs them OS to school;
She Irons out their Sunday clothes, she
bakas a pie and mends our hose.
Then makes a tempting dish of Jell snd
puts it out to cooL
Sho keeps on toiling all day long, but hums
a lilting bit of song,
ghe sweeps and dusts and mops the floor
and plans the evening meal,
She shakes the furnace now and then, and
makes the bed and cleans the den.
If a man had half as much to do he'd
make an awful squeal.
In times of trouble she is great, sho takes
the knocks and bumps of fate.
Without a word of bitterness or whining
or regret:
Her stock of patience Is Immense, she makes
man look ilka thirty cents;
In Joy or sorrow woman la the country'
one best bat.