TTTi: "MOTIXTSC, ot?egoxiat, FRIDAY, JANUARY 20, 1911.
POBTLA.N D. OMCOX.
Eittr4 at Portland. Onioa, Fostofflee aa
ond-CUua Maltar.
aaacrlpuua Katxa iBTmxlablr la Adri,
BT MAIL)
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rhjr. Sunday Included, ana month.... -Ta
Tal.y. without Sunday, om year. a-0a
I'ai-r. without fue!ay. a a nonthi
T without fiunilA larta monttka. 1-7S
Xatly. without Mundar. aaa munlo . . . . . .
k !. eaa yaar I
tunday. aea yr. ............
aa4a7 and ana jaar.
(BT CAB-RIEIO
BaTTy. ffundnr tneladed. ana year. ....,
XaJiy. flaadar lmcladad. oaa month. ... .11
Haw tm Remit Sand Pootorflc maaay
1.5a
lor. ugrn. orrfor or aaraonal chaek
ttur taeal hack. fttaaxoa coin ar curraaey
ra at tha Madafa rua. OIa pootofSee
addraaa In rulL Including county mad siaw.
Paataca Hjrtee la la 14 Paaia. 1 aaal: 14
fa 9h ' " . . u raall aa to Ad LlMb I cnUt
44 to 40 caaa, 4 aaata. paata4t
soahlo rata.
Enters Itaalawaa ofnVaa Varraa Coak-
h N-w vua. KfuuaUIL toil dins. ca
aaca. alaaar aulldiaa-
roKTiaD. mioAV. jasujary t: mi-
auiill V MTUIOK FOR "IMRMT"
There abould be "direct" election of
United St.tea fcvii.tors and the menou
should be as direct aa powlble. It
t. r4a au by amendment of th Na
tional ronstitutluu ao aa to take away
the rndirei I iatn7 of the btate legis
lature d ow election upon
Hi. tt a voters, aarna aa In choice of lu-p-rrnta.tivia.
Tha public oHnliin that demand4
thU "dlrc.t" ayatciii U a product of
long dU:uion and deliberatloo. It la
una of the moil mature decision that
he AnJerl.an puople have reached In
their politic. It id not the whim of
an hour nor the fad of a day. The
people may err temporarily. with
whim or fad. but never with ripe d
cli n such aa this.
The Judiciary cuiiimlllea haa pre
sented thU queatlon to Cureaa In un
precedented way by recommending
loptoln of a direct" amendment to
id Constitution. The outiouk for auc
ctM Is brighter than aver before.
"Direct"' amendment aould not
rr.ly simplify election uf Sunators, but
and this la highly Important It
would minlmixe bitter factional dia-
cord. uc! aa we have seen ncre at
home In the rotate of Orison and
Washington. It would a 11 enable
voter to pick fitter men for their serv-
ants la the l ulled btatea benale.
There are many reaaona for direct
election of Senators, boca 01 inane
Ju.tt cited la strong coourb alone to
Justify the change. Taken all together,
they make a cause that la unanawer
able and a demand that cannot con
tinue to be denied.
ur.trr ox thb twit wies.
Through tha agenty of 'the Inter
state Commerce Commission the peo
ple of the United Slate now enjoy
their flrt opportunity to obtain ac-
urate knowledge of the or-nlatlon
and business of the express companlea.
Statistics have been published which
o Into the subject quite thorouKhly.
No doubt the facU which have, thua
been brought to public notice "il In
crease the pressure of tha demand for
parcels poet.
In many particular the express
companlea are exclusively an. Amerl-
an Institution. In other countries) tne
business which they transact la done
partly by the bajika but largely by
he railroads themselves. There is no
rood reason why the railroad corpora-
Ions should not transport all van
ities of parcels and receive the reve
nue for the service. If they did so It
quite likely that we should hear
ess about the paucity of their profits.
km a matter of fact the ownership ot
he express companies is extensively
n' the hands of railroad managers.
To many observer the division of
unction appears very much like a de-
rice to deprive stockholders In the
railroads of a considerable portion of
he income which properly belongs to
hem while at the same time the ex
pense of transportation is heavily ln-
reased to the shipper.
The truth Is that the distinction be-
areen railroad and express companies
4 more a matter or irm man suo-
tance. The same Individuals really
wn and control both. This fact has
one; been known t" the public In a
ague way. The report of tha Inter-
tate Commerce Commission confirms
:. as the reader may see from the
illowing quotation:
partiaa tha moat charactartatte faalure
i tha organisation at lraporiaiian
candles la tha t nttJ Stalae la tua etust
arnica toa ecur!tiea of one claat of
nriea are held by acenelra of anolhar
this remarkable result move one to
Inquire whether the Government could
not learn something from the express
companies In the direction of business
manasrement and economy.
The principal political lesson to be
learned by the public from the report
is that the express companies are per
forming a service which properly be
longs to the banks and railroad com
panlea on the one hand and the Gov
ernment on the other and that they
are receiving for the service much
more than it la honestly worth. The
monopoly which I hey enjoy arises from
the failure of the Federal Govern
ment to do Its plain duty In the mat
ter of perfecting the postal facilities
of the country.
TUB LECISLATITK REVOLT.
On the face of things the people of
Oregon have declared that the Legis
lature Is not to be trusted la the un
trammeled naming of United States
Senators. On the face of things the
people of Oregon Jiuve declared that
the acta of the legislature so lean to
the shady side of public opinion that
a court of public appeal is necessary.
On tha face of things the people of
Oregon haveleclared that a legislator
doea not actually earn more than $3 a
day. On the face of things the people
of Oregon have aald that even with
the check provided by a court of pub
lic appeal the legislature cannot be
trusted to an act lawa pertaining to
taxation.
This condemned branch of the Gov
ernment was aaked, on the face of
things, to admit that it was a cheap.
downtrodden, untrustworthy aggrega
tion, was glad it had been put in It
rightful place, and that all other leg
islatures avere in the suae class.
It was a good deal for a chief benefi
ciary of the Oregon plan to ask. No
wonder he was called harsh names.
cotton Is undisputably at the head of
affairs when the foreign export trade
Is considered, for out of a total of
more than 831,000,00 In domestic
exports more than J5S0.900.000 was
contributed by thla great staple. This
steady dwindling In our exports of
wheat, flour, livestock and meat prod
ucts offer an Interesting field for
speculation aa to what the ultimate
result will be. When the movement
first began, we consoled ourselves with
the belief that our manufacturing In
duHtries were Increasing so rapidly
that we were using a greater propor
tion of our bread and meat at home.
This pleasant theory has hardly been
KiihMtantiated by the returns on ex
ports of manufactured articles.
Eventually there must be a read
justment, tor tha returns forthe past
four year show such steady ana pn
nomrnal decreases that the time is
rapidly approaching when we will
have ne surplus to export. Meanwhile
we must discover means by which we
can butter meet the manufacturing
competition of the world, or we shall
have nothing to send abroad in pa
ment for the obligations which our
tourists and promoters Incur across
the Atlantic.
I KM OT RAT IHSHINO I P TARIFF.
democrat thought it easier to "re
vise" the tariff when they didn't. have
the lawmaking power than now. when
they are to have one branch of Con
gress and are hoping to get hold of the
other. Hut tha Job looks more dim-
cull now.
At the Baltimore conference the
only solution of the pestiferous trouble
that they could propose was that of
glittering generalities. The politicians
thare aoaembled were too "foxy to tie
themselves up to anything definite;
General Hancock's definition of the
tariff aa a local question was like the
handwriting on the wail at Belshaz-
sar's fat and every brother was
lanie unto himself.
o that the politicians quitted the
feast no nearer the end than when last
Summer they ware promising what no
party and ne politicians have ever been
able to dish up for the people of this
country a protective tariff that goes
to the spot and makes them content.
It'a a big Job' the Democrats have
got on their hands, for a fact. And
they can't see the bright light out of
It, cither. Only, they think, with glit
tering generalities, to put the Republi
can Senate and the Republican Presi
dent "In a hole" by shunting oft on
them responsibility for the next tariff
failure.
There I no new thing under the sun.
There to rio new cure for the discon
tent that comes from effort to take
from one olaaa ef the people and be
stow upon another through the beauti
ful theories of protective tariff.
WHY AKD WHT MOTff
Why not continue to call the Sandy
road the Sandy road? Why "boule
vard"? What lovely visions of an old
highway leading out Into the dcep-
gTeen country are caned up Dy ine
simple, familiar appellation now
sought to be discriminated against ill
favor of a French same?
Wagons creaking along the "Sandy
road" In the early June mornings of
pitst years, laden with luscious straw
berries grown on "Gravelly Hill"
other wagons Jogging along from "out
on the Sandy" with loads of fragrant
hay, red-cheeked apples, yellow pump.
kins and succulent garden vegetables;
country damsels and swains on horsc
bauk and later on bicycles and troops
of merry children going and returning
from school r-these are some of the
pictures called up by the mention of
dy Hoad."
read be paved and made
suitable for the use of automobiles as
well as of wheeled vehicles from city
and country, but let it continue to be
known a tha "Sandy Road," a name
that mean something distinctive to
(he early settlers and that lll mean
as much to later citizens as "Sandy
Boulevard."
lhf "Handj
let the
This means nothing less than that
ie men who control the expreas busi
es also control the railroad busi
es. The difference of corporate
am allow them to absorb a vastly
irger share of the corporate earnings
tan they could without the aid of
te trick.
How comfortable the profits of the
xpress buslnesa appear to those on
he InaJde w may now Irarn. Their
Mai operating Investment Is little
ver f llrdet,t). Thla Includes the
ilue of the real ewtate and equlp-
er.t used by the thirteen companies
Indled In the report In transacting
elr business. It Is Instructive to
mpare with this meager Investment
e net corporate Income of t la. 382.-
jl.fiS which was earned from It. Tha
rt earning were two-third of the
treatment. Certainly the express
m panics need hot complain of di
minished returns from thsir capital
nd Industry. Whatever haa been the
Ate of others, fortune has dealt with
ham very pleasantly Indeed. Per
aps aom of their patron might hava
l different story to tell. The divl
.ends which they declared during the
etr ending June Is, amounted
o more than l.00.09, which la
omewhat lesa than one-third of their
perating Investment. Still it Is only
air to aay that over 12. 000.000 of
hese dividends came from the sur-
I lus which represent the accumulate!)
arnlngs of previous years.
This valuable report contains a good
eal of matter which bear directly
ipon the subject of the parcels post.
or Instance. It la stated that about
4 per cent cf the total revenue of the
xprsaa orapaale was derived frera
ransporting small parcels. In many
uses exactly similar to those which
he postofflce carries as second-class
Inall. The average revenue per pound
L hlch the companies received for thi
rvlce was 1.64 cents. The postofflce
harges one cent a pound for the same
rvlce and complains constantly of a
eavy loss. The difference of .14 of a
nt a pound is sufficient ta change
b!g loss ef the Government Into
I tig profit for the companies. The
slgulty of the fraction which cause. ,
CAUrOKKIA AK1 OREGOV ROAD. .
Road building is attracting more at
tention at the present time than ever
before. The Increasing use of the
automobile la responsible for some of
this good road sentiment, but there
is also In evidence a better under
standing of tha economic advantages
of good roads. The entire Northern
California delegation to the State Leg
islature, now In session at Sacramento,
Is completing plans for a great high
way leading north from Sausallto. The
proposed road will go from Sauslllto
through Corte Madera, Larkspur.
Kentfleld. Ross, Ban Anselmo. San
Rafael. Petalum and Santa Rosa, at
the latter point connecting with the
road already built to Eureka, This
proposed great highway through
scenic California is of considerable In
terest to Oregon good roads enthusi
asts, as it suggests possibilities of a
through road from California to Ore
gon mat would not fall to attract
tourists from all part of the country.
The Interest displayed by the Call
fomlans In the proposed road is so
great that It seems certain that it will
be put through to Eureka In the near
future. From Eureka, north to the
Oregon line, the difficulties of con
struction ore not serious. It Is a
rough country but good roads enthusi
asts who have examined it say that
a water level grade could be found for
nearly the entire distance by follow
ing the Klamath River. Coming north
from Klamath Fail, which would be
the first Important point touched In
Oregon, the cost of road building
would be much less, and for the
greater part of the year it would be
possible to use two road north of
Klamath Falls, on running over the
mountains and through the Wlllanv
ette Valley and the other continuing
north through Central Oregon.
Nearly all of the country from
Eureka north will com day support
an Immense population, and a great
north and aouth highway through the
two'states would not only attract im
mense number of. tourUts, but It
would also supply a trunk line from
which hundreds of roads would branch
out and cheapen transportation for
the people.
. . .si. r-i t
UEC'UXINO rwUCESTIO EXPORTS.
The preliminary statement of 'the
Bureau of Statistics showing the value
of domestic exports for the year 110
again calls attention to the rapid de
cline in our export of breadstuff. In
108, the value of bread stuffs exported
full below 3200.000.000 for tha first
time In many years, the figure for
that, year being ll.29!.S83. This
was thought to be the result of the
light crop and high price, but in 1909
the exports still further shrunk, the
total being a fraction under 1140,-
000,000. Last year a new low record
for twenty year was established with
total exports at $95,704,078.
Similar decreases are noticeable In
cattle, sheep, hogs and meat and dairy
products. In 1907 the value of meat
and dairy products exported eraa 3197,-
S34.3o0. There was a decrease of 31 .-
000.000 In 1908. In 10 the total
was but $131,391,600, wlhle last year
it was ilU7.sji.uuu.
Fortunately for that "balance of
trade" which we regard so highly, the
abnormally high price for oetton made
up must ef the loss In fond products,
the total value of domestic exports
being but $(,800,000 less than for 1901.
i while corn may be king at home, i
. AX TO THE GERM TIIBOB.T.
The letter from Helen gayr Gray
which The Oregonlan prints today is
presented to the reader more for its
psychological interest than for any
other reason. It Is a curious example
of that tendency to draw sweeping
conclusions from insufficient premises.
Since- Miss Gray's conclusions have
been adopted more or less completely
by a great many people we have
thought it worth while to try to show
how her reasoning might bo improved
upon.
Perhaps It Is just as well to begin
with her first sentences. "Diphtheria
germs are sometimes found in the
throats of persons who have not diph
theria. What then becomes of the
germ theory of disease?" This Is as
pretty an example as we have ever
een of the fallacy of the "negative
Instance." Since a gun sometimes
misses fire therefore it always misses
and It is perfectly safe to point a re
volver at your head and pull the
trigger, Since some people can eat
pickled lobster at midnight and not
have the nightmare therefore every
body can do the same. Since some per-,
sons can visit a case of smallpox with
out contracting the disease therefore
everybody can and it is useless to take
any precautions. Stated generally.
Miss Gray's logic Is that if a given
cause seems to fall once to produce
Its effect It will always fail and may
be disregarded forever.
he germ theory of disease is singu
larly offensive to medical cranks and
fakers because it has beon so per
fectly demonstrated. They regard it
with the same aversion as the negro
preacher did the proposition that the
earth Is round. It looked flat to him,
hence it was flat, and no evidence to
the contrary had the slightest weight.
Herbert Spencer once had a bout with
a crank of the flat earth variety. They
even made a bet on the subject and
set up poles at suitable distances to
test tha matter with a level. The
crank, true to hi species, held pre
cisely the same opinion after he was
beaten as he did before. The oppo
nents of the germ theory of disease
may be classed scientifically with the
queer sect which believes that we
dwell Inside a hollow globe with the
un at the center. Circle squarers and
perpetual motion fiends belong in the
same category. They are all people
with whom It la out of the question
to try to reason because facts make
no Impression upon them and they
cannot understand tha force of an
argument.
The germ theory does not assert
that the presence of a given germ. In
variably causes the corresponding dis
ease, a Miss Gray seems to think.
Far from it. What the theory does
assert is that the disease never occurs
without the germ, which Is nomethlng
entirely different. The germ does not
always produce the disease, but if we
could be rid of the germ there never
would be a case of tfce disease. Thla
fia been demonstrated beyond all poa
eibility of rational doubt.
Our correspondent wonder that "a
man who is as familiar with the teach
ings of science as the writer of this
editorial" Is not more careful In hia
use of the words "proved" and "dem
onstrated." The reply la that these
words have been used "with the utmost
care. The Oregonlan speaks with a
full sense of the meaning of language
when It says that the germ theory of
disease has been demonstrated.
The fact that medical scienco has
rejected divers theories after they had
been proved false does not weaken
our position. If the theories had been
taught and acted upon after they were
discredited then the doctors might
have been blamed. But surely no sen
sible person will revile them for devo
tion to the truth. It Is this devotion.
In fact, this absolute willingness to ac
knowledge mistakes and abandon un
sound hypotheses, which to one of the
best reasons iwe have for trusting the
doctors.
Mis Gray should not forget that the
falsity of on theory does not by any
means Imply the falsity of all theories.
Truth has been built up by slow stages.
Its structure has been attained by a
process of selection, by rejecting the
bad and holding fast to the good. Al
though many opinions held In the past
have been abandoned as the light of
knowledge grew brighter, some have
stood all tests. They become more
stable with every advance in knowl- i
ej. Tb Coparnlcan theory of the
heavens Is one example of this. Paa
teur'jj germ theory of disease Is ant
other. If Miss Gray had the industry
to read the accounts of the patient ex
periments, the infinitely careful inves
tigations, upon Which the great master
laid the foundations of his hypothesis,
and. then to read how one scientist af
ter another has confirmed it, she might
change her mind. And again she might
not.
As we said to begin with, evidence
has no effect upon certain minds. The
proof that yellow fever is caused by a
germ and can be prevented by extir
pating the germ has saved thousands
of lives during the building of the Pan
ama Canal. We fully admit all that
Miss Gray has to say about the value
of correct habits of life, but no matter
how hygjenlcally a person tries to live,
he is not safe from smallpox, from
yellow fever, from malaria, from ty-
ERA OF BETTER. MANNERS IS HERE
Philadelphia Observe Motes Three Ia
cidanta In One Day.
Philadelphia Press.
That the world moves and grows bet-
GERM9 AND BOW TO XIVB LONG
Correspondent Scouts Value ef Serums
In Prevention of Dlaeaaes.
PORTLAND, Jan. 19. (To the Editor.)
In The Sunday Qregonian Is an edl-
phoid fever. The bite of a mosquito ' the sign announcing contents of en
r ... . i,iit.i. r, 1. - 1 ,4 i. .... I .-
may inoculate the healthiest man In
the world with enough malaria germs
to wreck his constitution. It all de
pends.
One word more. The opinions of
Herbert Spencer and Alfred Russell
Wallace on the subject of vaccination
are worthless. Neither of these men
knew anything about vaccination
Wallace Is fujly as great an authority
on ghosts as he is on medicine. The
truth is that ho is a blind leader of
the blind whenever he departs from
his biological specialty. ,
ter can easily be proved by any observ- j torlal on 'How to Live Long." The
lng person. Such a one records wnai
he pbserved in his dally walk in the
streets of this city. In several cases
the good manners were of a spontan
eous sincerity that makes one's heart
glow.
A hurried man was observed to brush
against an old woman selling knlclo
knacks, knocking one or two small en
velopes to the pavement. A few steps,
and he halted, turned, and saw the
trivial damaire inflicted. He hastened
back, gathered un the envelopes and
placed them on the old woman s tray.
saying:
"Pardon me, madam. It was an ao
cident. I was in a- hurry, and think
ing."
As he lifted his hat, his eye caught
It will be very difficult for the peo
pie of Tillamook or fop anyone else
familiar with the situation to under
stand why the Engineers' Board of
Reviews at Washington has disap
proved the recommendation of the
special board on the Tillamook proj
ect. The special board visited Tilla
mook and found an Immense agricul
ture and timber traffic locked up and
valueless until the entrance to the
harbor was improved. go anxious
were the Tillamook and Bay City peo
ple to secure this improvement that
they agreed to tax themselves for a
sum aggregating more than $600,000
a sum that would have been highly
creditable to communities of ten times
the wealth and population. If ever
there was a meritorious proposition in
which the people of a community ex
pressed their faith In good hard cash
It was the Tillamook Improvement
project, and it Is a narrow, short
sighted policy that has robbed them
of the appropriation and retarded the
growth of the region.
The Washington Legislature is con
sidering a bill which makes it a mis
demeanor; for an intoxicated person
to drive an automobile. A measure
of this kind ought to have the sup
port of every respectable owner or
driver of a machine. The automobile
has secured a fixed and definite posi
tion in our economic system and it
will never be dislodged. With a steady
ncrease.in the number of machines
used for both pleasure and business
the liability of accidents on crowded
streets will increase. Many possible
accidents will be avoided, if the auto
mobile are handled by sober, careful
drivers. Already in Portland we have
had a number of serious accidents
caused by drunken chauffeurs. In
some cases the drunkard has been
killed or hurt, but as a rule the pedes
trian or other automobillst in the way
has been the Injured one.
The ancient steamer Lakme has paid
toll to the storm that swept over the
coast this week and, waterlogged and
abandoned, Is seeking her last port
on tne Oregon coast near Cape Blanco
Fortunately this latest ocean disaster
had a better termination than was
forecasted by early reports, or was
nought possible in such a severe gale.
for fifteen of th crew were taken off
by rescuing vessels before the ship was
aDandoned. The present Winter has
Deen a, very expensive one for under
writers. While some of the victims
or the gale have been new, staunch
vessels, others like the Lakme have
been old and tender and were merely
tempting fate by venturing out In tha
January storms.
velopes. "Wait," he said, handing out
a quarter, my boy can use some or
these."
At Tenth and Chestnut strets the
lamp post was covered with fresh green
paint, and a sign to that effect. An
other man, this time a young one, in
deep thought, would have brushed 'off
a good share of the paint with his
sleeve had not a stranger reached out
"Wake up. Bill!" "Bill" looked at the
sign, grinned sheepishly, and said:
"Thank, you." I
Perhaps the most beautiful incident
noticed was that of an old lady, a'
dainty little woman who might have
floated through the pages of "Cran
ford." Her old-fashioned bonnet, with
black strings, covered snow white hair,
her cloak a frame that was too weak to
swing the big door she tugged at.
Twice she tried and twice its weight
thrust her back. Then from the crowd
stepped a sturdy young fellow. With
one hand he pulled the door open, with
the other he lifted his hat. The old
lady fluttered by with a bow and smile.
Quickly the crowd swallowed them tip.
Surely "And they passed by on the
other side" could not have been writ
ten of this generation.
Why should a member of the Leg
islature always be called a solon? That
Immortal Greek never belonged to a
xegisiaiure. Me did the same as Justin
ian, Napoleon and Lycursrus. That la.
he gave his country a coBe emanating
from his Individual brain or from
brains in his service. Why not call our
wise men at Salem after Moses? He
made laws, too, and they lasted a good
deal longer than Solon's.
Mr. Neuner" bill to abolish school
holidays should not be dismissed with
out candid examination. Perhaps it
would be better not to have qute bo
many. Swiss children go to school at
6 in the morning. German boys are
far ahead of ours In their studies at
the' same age. Holidays, bad venti
lation and poorly-trained teachers
may help to account for tha difference.
Of course it is pleasant te think of
the Government, state or National,
getting back even a small part of what
ha been stolen from it. "The two or
three millions recovered from the vast
loot of the sugar trust Is somethlna-
The million and a half which Pennsyl
vania has forced her capltol thieves
to disgorge is well worth w-hlle. But
why not get the wholeT
The Dick bill provides for 612 more
Army officers. More than that num
ber are on detached service. The cost
will bo $1,800,000 a year. This will
in time make an extensive addition to
the class A pension roil, better known
as tha . retired list, unless the Japs
gravitate from frolic to fight or there
is reorganization along Mr. Carnegie's
lines.
Men of retentive political memories
that carry them back to the "0s. will
take with several grains of salt the
promise of Indiana's: new Democratic
Senator to subordinate party to the
people. Grover Cleveland did it, but
he wasn't horn and brought up In the
Hooeier state.
MOTORISTS WARNED BY LANTERN'S.
Keatlah Villagers Hake lae ef pld-
Tlme Practice for Protection,
Cleveland Plain Dealer.
RAMStiATil, Kn gland, r Motorists
passing through little villages in this
part ef Kent at Qlght time have no
ticed during the past few weeks queer,
bobbing lights on the highroad, unlike
any vehicular traffic they have ever
seen.
On approaching the lights they have
found that tho supposed vehicles are
just ordinary human beings, villagers.
n fact, going home or vlsitinar friends.
but carrying lanterns In their "lands.
The reason for the revival 6f this
century-old custom is the prevalence
of motor cars on these country roads.
Kent villagers have at length adopted
simple device for their personal pro
tection from motor cars on dark nighta.
and the carrying of a lantern in some
cases one previously carried by grand
father has proved most efflcacloua.
In quiet villages, such as Hoath.
near Heme Bay, or Hobstrcet, near
Canterbury, the lads of the vlha.ee can
be seen abroad any night with lanterns.
It Is even claimed that one young
man went abroad with a motor horn,
which he blew furiously when he
turned corners.
"It be a good way to guard against
they motors," an old countryman said,
"and sometimes when the drivers sl"w
down and find It's not a cart, but only
a man it do make 'em wild. Most
of them likes it, though-i-lt ' xa.ves
risks."
A Senators Wopld See It.
Kansas City Times.
D. W. Holstlaw, an Illinois State Sen
ator who confessed to receiving a bribe
in the Lorimer election, sent his resig
nation to Governor Dlneen Saturday.
At least, this is what the public sup
poses has happened.
If the matter should come before the
Senate's committee on privileges and
elections it would give the country to
understand:
1. That Senator Holstlaw never re
celved a bribe; that when he- said he
did he was mistaken, and therefore
that he had no reason to resign.
2. That the Senator has not re
signed. The letter of resignation dldn'
really mean what It said, and anyway,
there was no bribery In Lorimer s elec
tion, so that Holstlaw Is still a mem
ber in good and regular standing, with
no intention of severing his connection
with the State Senate.
And then Senator Burrows, of Michl
gan: Senator Bailey, of Texas, and the
others would express a pained surprise
that the country should be a bit skep
tlcal.
Speaking: ot Slang.
Cleveland Plain Dealer.
While engaged in reforming personal
weaknesses, why not cut down the out
put of slang?
Do you know that conversational
English is becoming a thing of hysteri
cal extravagance?
A little slang, it has been contended,
adds virility to the mother tongue, but
there Is no excuse for overdosing.
It may be graphic and amusing to
deolare that ''Pittsburg is all to the
smudge," but you don't care to hear a
moment later that Chicago is all to
the mustard," or "Milwaukee all to the
suds."
If you must use slang use it sparing
ly, choosing it wisely and making it
Impressive. '
And when you are In doubt as to Its
wisdom or Its adaptability don't use It
at all.
What will paragraphers and funny
picture men do now with New Jersey?
Its mosquito industry is put Into
eclipse by politics of the rough and
ready every day brand.
At this time of year the meek and
lowly but industrious and profitable
Oregon hen cpmes rj for a generous
Share of befcween-season publicity,
This legislative session may develop
some of the old-time warmth and
wrath, although - stage settings are
dissimilar.
The old reliable West Side line, the
butt of the Harriman system, is also
Its salvation in times of Noachlan
trouble.
Aliens and Public Land,
MARSHLAND. Jan. 17. (To the Edi
tor.) Is an alien eligible to file on Gov
ernment land as a homestead? If not,
please state what are the qualifications
required. What are the homestead
regulations and area available in the
dryfarming or desert regions in the
Ujiited States? T, O'CONNELL.
An alien who has declared his Inten
tion to become a citizen of the United
States, is 21 years of age or more, and
who owns not to exceed ISO acres of
land, may make homestead . entry.
Regulations and other data concerning
desert land entries may be obtained
by addressing Louis L. Sharp, Chief , of
Field Division, General Land Office,
Custom-House, Portland.
Carnegie Here Fond.
PORTLAND, Or., Jan. 19. (To the
Editor.) Please state through the col
umns of The Oregonlan, who I shall
write to and where I shall write con
cerning the Carnegie medal for fire
heroes, and oblise.
MRri. P. H. POWERS,
' 647 Borthwick St., City. ,
Address F. M. Wilmot, secretary Car
negie Here fund Commission, Pitts
burg, Pa, J
Aa Optical Illusion.
Washington Evening Star.
"I 'specks Mlstah 'Rastua Plnkley is
In trouble," said Miss Miami Brown.
"Las' evenin' I saw de teardrops
streatnln' down his face." .
"Pern warn't teardrops," replied Miss
Cleopatra Jackson. "He des got hlsse'f
a little splattered un fillln' his Christ
ma gif fountain pen."
1 1 ' " i
A Human Tendency.
Washington Evening Star.
"Yeu approve of economy; don't you?"
"Yes," replied ' Senator. Sorghum;
"only toe many of us gre apt to econo
mize on the cigars we hand. o'Jr friends
Instead ot those we smoke ourselves."
writer of it declares that:
There are remedies, discovered of iato
by scientists, whose enteet can be predicted
with strict accuracy. fio far aa they are
concerned the science of medicine lias at
tained to almost mathematical certainty
As examples of these druKS, or remedies, o
whatever the reader likes to call them, we
may Instance the anti-toxin virus ter
dipththeria, tha vaccine virus for tha pre
vention of smallpox and the new chemical
cure for syphilis. To deny the efficacy of
these medicines is . to fly in the face of
thoroughly ascertained facts. That Jiph
theria, for Instance, is Infectious, that it 4s
caused by the activity of a specific germ
and that In most cases It can be combated
successfully with anti-toxin has been proved
Just as conclusively as that the earth is
round.
It is generally admitted that dlph
theria germs are sometimes found in
the throats of persons who, nptwith
standing, have not diphtheria. Since
that is the case, what then becomes of
The germ theory of disease and why
seek serums to combat germs? Is that
gettipg at the root of the matter? Seed
cannot grow without soil, nor can germs
thrive except in a body saturated with
auto-toxaemia. A healthy body is forti
fied by nature against the inroads of
disease. Jt seems to me that the at
tempt to eradicate disease with anti
toxins, etc., is approaching the problem
from the wrong end, that the quest of
the doctors for serums to combat disease
is like seeking for an elixir of life,
txarma of themselves cannot cause
disease. If germs cause diphtheria, why
don't all the members of a family have
it when one has it and all have been
exposed to the miasm?
A scriptural Injunction is, resist not
evil, but overcome evil with good. Ap
plyir? this precept to the subject of
d'sease, the obvious thing for people to
do would be to correct their bad habits
of living and get their bodies into
clean and wholesome condition. Instead
of fighting germs. Then diphtheria or
any other kind of germs will not harm
them. "Health Is the only immunity
against dioease."
One would expect that a man who is as
familiar with the teachings of science
as is the writer of this editorial would
be careful how he uses the words
"Droved" and "the demonstrated teach
ings, of science." I have heard allo
paths themselves admit that many of
the things that were regarded Dy tne
medical .profession as established facts
is or 30 years ago ine profession now
rejects as untrue and worthless. Since
that Is bo, why seek to make compul
sory in the community vaccination, the
use of anti-toxin, and etaiilaF procedure
that at present doctors regard aa In dis
putably correct.
In answer to the charge that those
who deny the claims of the regular
school of medicine regarding vaccina
tion and anti-toxin "only prove their
own Ignorance or their stiff-necked reli
ance upon superstition," the words of a
dbjtintfuishtd physician and surgeon who
for IS years prescribed drugs in his
practice but who for the last 20 years
has used druglesa methods and who
therefore speaks from experience tn
both fields, may be quoted: ''Some day
vaccination will be classed with euch
superstitiens as wearing a baked toad
around tho neck to ward off evils. The
claims of the profession regarding anti
toxin and - vaccination are Dasea on
either bigotry or knavery; tile advocates
may take hold of either horn of that
dilemma best suited to their Individual
table."
In surgery anesthetics must be used.
At least, I know of no substitute for
them In general use at the present time.
But what the leading physicians in the
drugless healing movement protest
against la the use ef drugs as medi
cines. ''What Is a cure?" asks one ot
these leaders. "Is relieving pain, palllat
lng suffering, making symptoms with
drugs, or removing an organ, curing
disease? Morphine stops pain, but does
it rmove the cause? Doesn't a pure
l mean the correcting or ine errors anu
habits of life that bring about disease;
Sickness is not an inscrutable visita
tion of Providence? If people die young,
it is not because the gods love them.
As to "the demonstrated teachings of
science," should not the conclusions of
the distinguished biologists, Herbert
Spencer and Alfred Henry Wallace, on
the BUblect of vaccination have more
weight than the academic opinion for
Instance of Professor fligarnc, .rn. u.
of Harvard, et al.? Both Spencer and
Wallace condemned vaccination. In his
book "The Wonderful Century" Wallace
wrote a leneth on the subject. He
regarded vaccination as idiotic.
"Sound judgment teaches us that there
is no sinttle device by wnicn an ine
ills of the human body can be cured. A
ludicious diet will do much to neip,
iv9 th editorial in The Oregonlan. A
unilateral triangle Is a geometrical ab
surdity. Some of the ablest expo
nents of drugless healing constantly em
phasize that there is no such thing as
a unilateral system ot cure, tor in
stance. If a man overeats, eats a hodge
podge of incompatible foods sloppily
eooked. has only "key-hole ventilation.
takes little or no exercise, and harbors
Jl kinds of destructive emotions, sucn
worry, anger, 6pite and revenge, taking
a dailv cold bath or adopting tne no-
breakfast plan will not restore him to
health. "There ean be no independent
nrtranir? action either in health or
dkiease." No organ gets diseased by
itself nor can be healed by Itself.
As to the charge that those physicians
who use drugless methods are usually
rionaalv ienorant. the same cnarge can
with truh be made against many of the
doctors of tha regular school and against
the rest of them that tney snow so
much tuat la not true. I know a physi
cian who Is regarded as one of the most
eminent in Chicago wno teacnea in a
medical college there. This institution
ranks as one of tne eest auopatnic
chnnU in the country. Many of the stu-
riftnts nxe alloDathlc doctors from small
tovns who have been practicing for a
lone time and who have gone hack to
school to get up-to-date. A favorite dis
course with this proressor wnen taming
with ' his friends Is what ignoramuses
theaa country physicians are. He mar
vels how they ever had the., nerve to
practice their profession wnn so pngm
an equipment, or euuyauun anu uaimus
as they possess.
The Oregonlan editorial says further:
Dr. Welch, the head of the Johns
Hopkins Medical School, was once heard
to say in a lecture that the most im
portant forward step taken by modern
medicine was the abandonment of faith
In drugs." Every no., and, then some
prominent allopath breaks loose with
some, such declaration as thia If the
allonaths have abandoned their taitn in
drugs, evidently the majority have not
abandoned the use.ot them, lor tne drug
stores still do a flourishing business, and
the shelves of family medicine clostes
are filled with quinine, dypepsia tablets,
liver Dills, etc. It should be borne In
mind that It was the despised irregulars
who first broke away Irom prescrioing
drugs They blazed the trail in drug
less healing. The allopaths are following
slowly in tlieir path but denouncing tham
and bellowing at every step.
HEbBN SAYrl UKAY,
The Nortonia Hotel, Portland, Or.
Life's Sunny Side
Postal Savlnata Banks.
PORTLAND, Or., Jan. IT.- (To tha
Edltor.)--Cap you tell me whv the
postal banks are first being; established
In the small towns ot the United
States? Why were they not opened in
the large cities first, where a greater
number ot people might be benefited?
13. J. P,
The explanation given is that tha
postal savings bank is an experimental
institution in this country an.4 that it
is wise to start in a small way.
Richard Croker, during his last visit
to this country, and a few days before
his departure for Florida, was the guest
of honor at a dinner at the St. Regis.
Mr. Croker. praising Judge Gaynor's
oratory, said: "His oratory is so con
cise. He packs so much meaning into
a few words. He is like the old clerk
whose master said to him, 'John, that's
a very shabby office coat you're wear
ing.' " - .
" 'Ves, sir.' said the old clerk, mean
ingly. 'I got this coat -vlth the last
raise you gava me.' "Washington Port.
.
The Rev. Henry R. Rese tells the story
of a young minister who had only re
cently taken charge of a small parish
In Vermont. He aspired to greater
things and a lartrer field, and In th
'hope that his reputation would travel
Deyond the limits of the village to which
he had been sent, he threw into his
sermons all-the force and eloquence at
his command.
He was, however, totally unprepared
for what was Intended for a compliment,
but which was put to him in suoh a way
that It left him in doubt as to the real
impression he had made.
One Sunday morning, after an espe
cially brilliant effort, he was greeted by
an old lady, who was one of the most
faithful attendants at all services. Ap
proaching the young minister, she said:
"Ah, sir, we do enjoy your sermons so
much, they are so instructive. Do you
believe it, we never knew what sin was
until you came to the parish." Newark
Star.
a
Campanini, the great operatic conduc
tor, praised mince pie at a dinner in
Chicago. "I don't wonder," he satd, "that
your mince pie Is praised as the best
dish of all.
"But Indigestible! I hear on all sides
tales about the Indigestlbility of mince
pie. Nevertheless, I keep on eating it.
though the last tale I heard was very
harrowing.
"It was a tale about a dyspeptio bishop
who spent Christmas week with a Chi
cago family. There was, of course, mince
pie for the Christmas dinner, and at first
the bishop, on account of his dyspepsia,
refused to take any; but his hostess as
sured him that her mince pie was as
digestible as stale bread, and so he succumbed.
'He succumbed. He ate a whole mince
pie. And the next morning he was so
ill that he could not conduct an early
Bervlce for which he had pledged hlm-self.
The bishop was very ill, indeed. Ho
groaned and he tossed about the bed,
and the family brought him hot water
bottle, mustard plasters, and all manner
of remedies.
"But nothing seemed to do any good,
and his host, when he gave vent to an
unusually loud series of groans, hurried
Into the room and said somewhat sar
castically;
" "Why, bishop, you are not afraid to
die, ara you?"
"The bishop, thinking of his mince pie
and his missed service, answered:
No, I m not afraid to die. but I m
ashamed to.' "Pittsburg Uazette-Timea.
Natives of Panama are being taught
that American citizens are abstemious,
according to stories brought back to this
country by members of Congress who
recently visited the Isthmus. Maurioe H.
Thatcher, Civil Engineer of the Canal
Zone, is the teacher.
When Mr. Thatcher went to Panama
seven or eight months ago American offi
cials and the Panama officials waited
patiently for him to give a reception.
After a reasonable length pf time had
elapsed without a sign of a reception
some of Thatcher's friends went to him
and suggested the propriety of throwing
his house open some evening ana enter
taining his friends.
"All right," said Mr. Thatcher, "but-1
want It understood that no liquor shall
be served on my premises and there shall
be no smoking."
"But, my dear fellow," protested the
Americans, "you misunderstand. This is
a tropical country. These people down
here think no more of drinking and smok
ing than you think of going to Sunday
school In Kentucky."
"I cannot help that," answered Thatch
er. "I do not believe in drinking, and I
do not believe in smoking. Therefore, we
shall hava none of It in my house."
"Let us compromise," . suggested an
Army officer. "I suppose we ean bluff
the thing through without liquor of any
kind, although we ought to have a mild
sort of punch. But. man alive, these
folks down here would rather smoke than
eat."
"Well," said Governor Thatcher, reluc
tantly, "if there Is going to be any hard
feeling about It I'll let them smoke out
on the back porch." And they did.
Washington Times.
As a Favor.
California Christian Advocate.
A tramp called at the house of
gentleman and said:
"I've walked many miles to see you,
sir, because people told me that you
was very kind to poor chaps like me."
"Oh, they said so, did tneyT"
"Yes, sir; that's why I came."
"And you are going back the same
way? "
"Yes, sir."
"Then, in that case, will you be good
enough to contradict this rumor?"
Tasks Beyond Surgery.
i Detroit Free Press.
"Sunrery," said Simeon Ford at a din
ner in New York, "accomplishes wonders
nowadays. Hearts are sewed up; the ap
pendix Is removed; the large intestine is
done away with. But "
The noted humorist smiled.
"But will the time ever come when sur-'
gery will be able to remove the cheek
of a young man or ma jaw ui an om
woman?"
FEATURES IN THE
SUNDAY
OREGONIAN
FRATERNITY LIFE
AT EUGENE.
What the Greek Letter Societies
at the University of Oregon Stand
For; Their Minor Fmilts Set Up
in Contrast With the Major Good.
TEN MESSAGES
ALONG ONE WIRE.
Wonderful Telephone Invention
Worth Millions, That Has Beeu
Given to the Public Free by an
Army Officer.
LITTLE REPUBLIC
WITHIN OREGON.
How, School Children Have Estab
lished Civil Government at Ban
don, in the Southern Coast Region.
MILUON-ACRE FARMS
OF AMERICA.
These Vast Tracts Put to Shame
the Most Princely Tracts of Old
England's Peerage.
Order early from your newsdealer.