Morning Oregonian., January 11, 1911, Image 9

V
for th lntsrstt itma In the ColomoU
Main would b but a short step rorwara.
Tbr Is a demand from mwy quarter
that lb Federal Government be required
to turn orer to the elates for their exclusive
euntrol and e ail unappropriated timber
and mineral lands wilt) In their boundaries.
Thera Is some merit in this demand, but
before prenlnc It tha states should pause
long- enough to adopt some sensible and
effective policy as regards tbs conservation
and development of such resources. lbs
stale baa already received a grant of four
or Ave million acres of rich aurlcultural
and timber lsnd and by mismanagement
and Inattention has very little to show for
It. The friends of the forest have been for
ears. anU are now. knocking at the doors
of our u;UIatIve halls, bexglng for thu
adoption ml ..m definite policy on the part
of the stat and the passage of effective
laws.
Effective) Law Asked.
There are those who object to any and
all movements which bava In view the con
servation of our resources. This comos
through a misunderstanding as to the res,
purpoees of the conservation movement.
They eeem to think that conservation means
the withdrawal from us forever of all our
undeveloped resource. True conservation
does not mean taat tne mi
of a state are to be bound trp by disuse or
aou-development. But It does mean that
they are to be utilised In such a manner
that there will oe no wasie. .
ganca and no monopoly, conservation. M l
it kimr the develooment and tne
utilisation of ".he natural resources, but In-
euch manner and under such regulation and
safeguards as will give to the people or the
present day and to the coming J"""'0"
of the future the maximum of benefit ana
of utility with the minimum -
destruction.
Ti.e state which permlta the great store
bousee of Its ood-glvsn wealth to b van
dallsed by oelilsn greed Is Indeed a very
poor guardian of the rights of Its children
he present-usy c.tlien And It Is equally
true that the state which neglects through
delay and Inaction to provide for speel .
adequate and effective conservation of its
eourca Is an unfit and unwise trustee of
the property and the privileges of IIS clll-i-as
that are yet to be born.
i not believe th.t the state should.
..... w i.,i.i.il,.n deprive the present gen
. f the blesiluzs that mar accrue
through the legitimate use and development
of th. natural resources of the state for the
benefit of future generaiiosa. .-or - .
lieve that a too lavish hand should now rob
th. future for th. benefit of the Pr'"'-
I urge, however, with as much earnestness
as is at my command, that you gentlemen
of the Leglalalur will give the quostlon of
conservation of the statea resources your
most Vareful and faithful consideration and
neae-tlaatloa In order that you may be ab..
before the session closes to enact "'
t.o. that will protect ihw. resources bo
for the present and the future wh le. at
to. sami time. II will permit thlr -ild
development to the highest ;
tufent with the Interest and tha prosperity
of the people of th state, both now and in
th years to come.
Fereot rrotectloa Needed.
It Is Imperative that the state adopt som.
sensible and id.qu.t. policy of for. protec
ITon VotVonly with th. view of saving the
Jlmbe? now standing from fire, but of re
t.moer no burnt-over areas
Xorssuns;
"curtn, th. past year Oregon . loss through
forest fires amounted to millions of dollars
more. It Is Mid. than we realised from
thecal sale, of our apples, fish wool and
.heat for the same period "ln
time the Federal Oovernment P
for fir protection and the private
f.mber owner, over .1.0...O. wr..,. Oregon
.-.k..., for th sam. work was tn.
"Ns-Omat'that Oregon ha. ,0..0M -
State. At current pr.ce.",hl.
aut IS...O.0.0. Klf Tears will see
irery stick of this vast forest cut and sawsd
. .h. .,.i demand keepa up. The United
Mates .lone use. at th. orent Mm. bo
4 0 . feet of timber a year, besldea
llj.ooo.o hewn ties. 11.0v.o. staves, over
111. sets or nesaings. "L". '
bsrrel boope. .e..o. rl. of
pulp wood. li.0O0. cubic feet of m " tim
bers, cords ot ooo
snd .KM.0 cords of firewood. The timber
Tndustry bring, annually Into the state about
1-i 000 . and It Is estimated that I per
cnt of this vsst sura Is paid out for labor
and supplies, and some part 01 7"
tort, directly or Indirectly, reaches th pock
ets cf every resident ef this state.
The Legislature of 10T created a Plate
Foard of Forestry and passed an excellent
forest code as far as it '
go far enough. It should hav provided
means cf enforcing the fire laws, provided
for educational work, and for an investiga
tion ot forest condition The Oregon Con-
i-.nniin in Its retrart for 111
sets oot tn detail tha weaknesses of our
forest laws and policy., It also sets out ths
essentials of a policy Which It recommends
for Immediate adoption, ana i assure
that you will find them worthy of your con
sideration. They are as ioiio.
Cnaage Are Reromroeaded.
First A trained 8tat Forester familiar
with Weetern oondltlone ana nprinc
....... i inn or the prevention of forest
fires. He should not be a cheap man. but
the best available, and nosen aoeoiuie.r
dependent oX poUtlca. He should b allowed
to appoint one or mnrt assistants.
Second A liberal appropriation for forest
fir patrol service, with ample latitude t-.r
ich co-operation with other agencies as the
Piste Toresler shall find for the best Interest
f the public especially through the en
couragement of further extension and effl
cieney ef pHvat and county effort.
Third Improvement and strict enforce
ment of laws against fire, the state to eiert
Its police authority to this end.
Fourth Systematic study of forest condi
tions and needs, to afford basis of Intelligent
s t Ion and at any further desirable legisla
tion Fifth A system of general education, with
sneclfie advice to Individuals In isroper for
est management.
Th following are equally Important as
T-art of an early rational policy, but perhaps
Use urgently In need of Immediate action
ty th Legislature:
First Dependable low taxation of defor
ested land not mors valuable for agriculture
which will encourage Its being held and
protected for a future crop, the state to be
compensated by adequate tax upon the yield.
second Thorough study of the subject of
faxing mature timber. lth a view of secur
ing the adoption of a system which will re
sult tn th greatest permanent community
gr..M.
Third fltodr on which to has th early
application of advanced forestry principles
to th management of state-owned forest
lands, and the purchase of cut or burned
ever lands better suited ftr state than pri
vate forestry. Thle to furnNh eduealtv
example aa well a. to maintain state reve
nu. and proper forest cndltlona
Mat roes it nasi Approved.
When this state waa admitted to th. t'nlon
It was given two sections 11 snd - I In
..eh township bv the Federal Oovernment
to aid tn th e support of Its common schools.
Th Federal laws provide thai It the stale
lses sny of ih seld lands by reason of
their being covered by homestead or mineral
entries, or on account of a township being
fracttonel. It may select oilier unappropri
ated Oovernment lands to satisfy such losses,
and they further provide that If any of the
said lanrls should b Included within th
boundaries of Federal reserves, the state
tnay surrender title to the Oovernment and
elect aa equal amount of other unappro
priated lanis. Theee tracts for which the
state Is entitled to indemnity are called base
lands or base. The state has, sine Its ad
mission to th T'nlon. used for selections
several hundred thousand arres of base, but
has about acre, still remaining for
whtrh It Is entitled to Indemnltv.
11 Is my duty ss Oov.rnor of this stat to
satisfy th said losses by the selection of
other vacant Government lauds. It Is my
purpose, however. Instead of following the
present practice, ahlrh Is to select onlv
when a request for a selection Is made and
en application to purchase filed, to arrange
If possible with the Federal Oovernment for
the satisfaction of all these losse. .( once
and bv the selection of a tract of land In a
body somewhere In the Cascade Forest Re
serve. The tract should, if possible, be
lected eo aa to cover a stream containing
undeveloped water-power, and should be
withdrawn from sale by the legislature snd
turned over to the Plate Conservation Com
mission, the fttste Agricultural College, or
the State rnlverslty. which. ver is beet
equipped to handle It. Vnder proper super
lslon the matured timber could b mar
keted, the lands reforested, and water-power
developed, all of which In time srould b a
source of revenue to the state or colleges.
Schools Cewld lea Lands.
The state forestry system could be further
extended by arranging for the turning over
to the Stale Agricultural College and Ptate
Vntversity all lands, other than city prop
err v. subject t sale for delinquent taxes
lands In certain counties to go to the uni
versity and In others to th Agricultural
Cnltega Through th adoption of such a
policy th two schools would in tlms come
Into possession cf thousands of acres of lsnd
which could be reforested and would become
a great eoure of revenue to the schools. The
establishment of a elate forest would not
only gir. the students In our colleges an
excellent opportunity to study the forestry
question, but would bring about a better
understanding and co-operat.n between the
teov.mtn.nw th state, anw th tlmbermen.
and Insur the adoption of som. sensible
policy ss to fir protection, and witnoui in
creased cost to those concerned. These for
ests when established could also be used as
a reserve for the protection and propagation
of fish and game.
If these suggestions should meet with your
approvsl. the movement should be set on
foot without delay, for the longer the state
Is permitted to sell Its base and the counties
their logged-off tracts lor delinquent taxes,
th mora difficult and costly It Is going to
be to establish a state forest, and If delayed
too long It will cost an enormous amount.
The 6tat of New York Is now spending mill
ions for Just such purposes, and hopes,
through the creation of her forests, to pro
tect the sources of her streams, and by th.
construction of reservoirs, to mak. her
streams once more run full and provide ad
ditional power, which, under state control,
may enable her to break the monopoly of
the great power trust which now controls all
available power In that state.
Swamp Land Patents Slow.
It Is extremely necessary that this Leg.s
lsture psy effective attention to tha swamp
lands of ths state. Vnder the Federal
swsmn land act of IS40. and acts amend
atory thereto. Oregon was given all awamp
lands within her boundaries. Thousands of
acr:s of these lands were selected In early
days and sold by the state at the minimum
price ot 1 an acre. Most of the lists by
which the selections were made have bean
passed, upon by the General Land Office and
either approved or rejected; a few. how
ever, are now and have been for a number
of years before the department awaiting
action.
Notwithstanding that It has been over 50
years sine this state was admitted Into the
Union, there are still largs tracts of swsmp
land to which the state has not been able
to get title. This failure Is due largely
to the red tape attached to th preparation
and Sling ot th selection lists and to tha
fuct that the early surveyors In making
their returna through their field notes did
not give the true character of the land.
The Commissioner of the General Land
Office hae held that the state roust show
the swampv character of th. land at the
date of its admission to the Union, and
tnerefore It is essentlsl thst all such lands
claimed by th stale be listed while there
are men living who can make the require!
affidavits. In order to establish the erro
neous character of th Government Held
notes II may b necessary to ask for the
sending or a Oovernment agent to uregon
to make. In company with the Ftate Land
Agent, a careful examination of all alleged
swamp lands and report their true charac
ter, so that the state may. without delay
receive patents to all those tracts to which
It Is Justly entitled under tne swamp lana
mn(.
Hrompt action In this matter Is essential
In view of th. recent ruling of the Com
missioner of the General Land Offlc to the
effect that whenever a list covering a tract
of alleged swamp land is filed, no matter
bow small the acreage, the state must at
tach the certificate of the State Land Agent
to the effect that the list covers all the
lands In the township to which th. stat.
la entitled under the swamp land grant
and also th wslrer of tha slate as to all
future claims or selections.
Dewect Land Takes.
In ISO Congress passed what Is known as
the Carey act. which provided that l.OOO.OOO
acre of Cesert land be granted to each of
certain state. Oregon Included, provided the
states would assum th responsibility of
reclaiming and Irrigating th sams and see
that It waa disposed ot to settlers in tracts
of not exceeding 10 acres. Ths act called
for ihe passage ot an act of acceptance by
th several State Legislatures, tbeee acts,
of course, to provide rulea and regulations
fn. the nrotectlon and guidance of the
reclamation companies, settler and others
concerned. .
Owing to lack of experience at that time
In matters of Irrigation our Leglalsture
psssed an act of acceptance and regulation
which was full of Imperfections, wholly in
adequate, and permitted the segregsllon of
large tracta of land and the launching of
schemes which It was Impossible to carry
to a successful conclusion, and which not
only caused th promoter and settler great
financial loss, but cast a cioua over me
name of the state.
ti.. cr i mnA ytoard made repeated at'
tempts to have the law strengthened, but
was unsuccessful until the last session of
ths Legislature. A law was then passed
which apparently remedies tha defect of
the old law and has aroused Interest to
such an extent that seven new enterprises
have been Initiated for the reclamation of
a total of 42U.OOO acres or ana n
at an estimated cost of over 120.000.000.
nr -n ooo acres are In process ot reclama
tion -under the old contractu All but one
th.ee. however, hav. been altered re
cently, requiring some payment to the state
foe adm n Ktrativ. purposes. iu
i.i. .Ki4.t which is an Important one.
may not b overlooked In the multitude of
...i t ..ail Miiir attention to the
report of th Desert Land Board. her It
la fully aiscuasea ana -
Wmtee Right Law F. flee live.
After many years' struggle the friends of
reform secured In 100 th passage of a
water code which Is far In advance of the
laws of any other state, more particularly
because 11 limits the us of water for power
purpoees to a period of 40 years and pro
vides the most simple and expeditious meth
ods for settling water rigms. ino "
features of the law ere the provision for
1 Th determination of early rights;
2 The protection of existing right, and
x. The acquisition of new rights.
The passage of thle code has proved a
great boon to the state, and together with
the results fcelng obtained through its ad-
minis'
itlon it
nds ss a monument ro
those
who gave
It support. Prior to its
passage it took years to hav a water right
adjudicated. It took nine Tears to settle
th famous Hough-Porter case, with only 4.
rights Involved. Tha present Board of con.
tro operating under the new code, baa In
leas thsn two years sdjudlcated seven
.treses Involving over 40 right, and has
taken testimony Involving R23 right, on 10
additional stresms. without expense to the
public and at small cost to the water users,
f. J" -, riearlr demonstrated that
It. passage h.s grs.tly encouraged Uevelop
menVfor In les. than two year.- time over
1100 application, to appropriate water have
been filed Involving expenditure, which are
,?m ed at fSO..".ooo and the stat. ha
been paid about or more
cost of conducting Ihe ottlc of th Stat
En.lnoer for thst period. -Th.V..
of this law. supplemented by
recent decisions of our courts, nss annini
riTId the old doctrine or riparian right, and
water may now be put to a -"
and need not be left to flow undiminished
th sam safe looting "-
Survey Fund Requlrra.
The United fate. Geological P'T '
making a topographic map ' n"
Stales. The work nas oe-n
and about two-fiftha of the country,
exclusive of outlying possessions, has been
mapped. The feature, shown 1 the map
.," l water. Including ssas. lakes, ponds.
mwtt .it Tier streams. " ,
i,r . relief. Including mountains, hills.
v.l'lUa" cliffs, etc.: 3 cu!tur. I e . work,
of man. such a. towns, cities, ro.ds. rail
ways, boundaries, etc. The work Is being
carried on largely through ro-operntlon with
the atatee the Oovernment stsndlng reedy
to erveud a dollar for every dollar spent l.y
a state. The aisles of Washington and Cali
fornia mak. literal annual appropriations
their territory Is being mapped while Ore
gon, owing to Hi fact thai her approprla
flons have been Inslgnlf leant, has had but
T. J..-I. -or l, done within her bound
aries and is therefore sadly deficient In re
liable information aa to her physical fea
ture and natural resources.
The United States neologies! Survey also
standa ready to co-operate with the stale
In collecting and publishing reliable Informa
tion aa to her water resources and to ex
pend dollar for dollar with the state In
carrying, on the work. This tnformstlon
would be of Inestimable value to tho stole
In carrying out the purpo.es of the Carey
Let and our new water code, and would pre
vent the embarkation of Irrigation enter
prises when there was no water available,
i-floating of several such wild
cat s.-henie the good nam of th. .tat.
n". already suffered and many deserving
Tiller robbed of their savings and left
stranded upon the tnwn.
This matter is fully covered by the re
ports of tho State Engineer and the Stat.
Conservation Commission. In both of which
reports the question of state co-operation.
Its desirability and benefits, la discussed,
and I suggest that this Important subject
be given particular consideration.
Salmon Industry Is Menaced.
Th. salmon fishing Industry has been In
the past and ehould be In the future one of
the greatest of the Industries of the state.
Once the streams ot the etate ran full with
fish, but Inadequate laws have permitted
the hand of greed to dip deep Into the
waters until the greet salmon runs have be
gun to dlsnppear. To save this once great
Industry from extinction It now becomes
n,r,..irv to call on the state for funds to
establish hatcheries for purpose of props-'
gallon.
Ther is but one way In which the fishing
Industry can be saved from extinction, end
that Is through the adoption of a definite
and sensible policy of regulation and prop
agation snd aa heing in line sun sucu a
poller I WOUld SUggeSt:
JU Th paasag ot taws viuva wiir ea-
and uninterrupted to tne
" If this new system I. m. nt-'ned " "!
law strengthened ss suggested by Ih Klste
rr.l"eer. we will In a few year, see prar
llrlywry waler right In the ...t adjudi
cated and w.t.r titles at last Pltccd upon
able a fair proportion of the fish to reacn
and use their natural spawning grounoa.
2. Liberal appropriations for hatchery pur
poses. ,
8. Tske the office of Master Fish Warden
out of potltica and keep It out.
Th Bret two propositions speak for them
selves, and to accompllshethe third I would
suggest the following: ,
Provide for th appointment of a board
to be known as th Oregon Btate Board for
th Protection of Fish and Game. This
board to consist of five members, one ot
whom should be the president of the Oregon
Etate Agricultural College, and of th. other
four no more than two should be chosen
from th sam. political party. The member,
should b men who would be Influenced in
no manner by politics or aelf-interest and
should serve without pay except when at
tending board meetings. ' The bosrd should
have power to appoint both the Master Fish
Warden and the State Game Warden and
all necessary deputies snd should be required
to advise the Legislature as to needed legis
lation and to see that the fish and game
laws were enforced.
I hope that this propoxal will find favor
with th members of the Legislature and
that some action will be taken along- these
lines.
Game Warden Arrested 2A6.
Th report of Iho Stat Gam Warden for
th year ending December 1. 1S10. shows
that there were :S( arrests made for viola
tions ot our flah and game laws and con
victions secured In all but IS cases. Nearly
(S.0vS was collected for licenses and over
IK00 for fines; all of which has been turned
into the game protection fund.
The report also shows that ther Is now
In th hands of the State Treasurer In this
fund, a balance of 107.31. practically ail
of which has been contributed by the sports
men of the state throuRh the payment of
license fees and which should be spent, as
the friends of the law Intended It should,
for the propagation of fish and game.
If the Legislature should decide to spend
any part of It for trout hatcheries I be
lieve the matter should b given over to
the Master Fish Warden, for such work
properlv belongs In hi. department. Here
tho work of propagation coulfi b. carried on
In connection with that of our other fish
hatcheries snd such an arrangement, by
saving the stats the expense of maintaining
two separate systems of hatcheries, would
be greatly In the Interest of economy.
I know from personal knowledge and ex
perlenc that our Chinese pheasants ar. be
coming less plentiful each year and unless
they are given further protection it will be
only a question of time until they will be
exterminated. I therefore recommend that
a lew be passed making it unlawful to kill
these birds for a period of mt least three
years. I slso recommend thst further pro
tection be given to ducks and. with the hop
of forever putting an end to the most un
sportsmanlike and unpardonable practice, I
also recommend that our laws be amended
so as to permit, without the state having
to prove guilty knowledge, th arrest and
conviction ot th owner or person having
control of any dog or dogs found running
deer: and that the killing of elk be mad
punishable by imprisonment instead of fine.
The state owns adjoining Its Institutions
several thousand acres of land, which would
afford fine breeding grounds for upland
birds if they were given protection, and I
would suggest that it be made unlawful to
take, kilt or have in possession sny game
bird on lands surrounding the several stat
Institutions In this state.
No nation can be considered prosperous
unless her working classes are prosperous.
The property of a nation Is not measured
by Its brownstone fronts snd midnight lunch
es of the upper crust, but by the small cot
tagea and dlnnerpalls of the laboring men.
It must follow, therefore. . that all legisla
tion which brings property, or gives pro
tection, to the working classes adds to th
prosperity ot th state. Tet legislation fa
vorable to the working classes has seldom
come as a voluntary gift from a Legislature,
but only after repeated demands and th
most untiring efforts on the part ot organ
ized labor snd its friend.
For years the laboring classes hav been
knocking at th doors of these legislative
halls begging for relief from certain unjust
rules of law In personal Injury cases, but
without success. Two years ago they came
with an employers' liability bill and stood
ready to make any reasonable compromise,
but. as the opposition bad com to annihilate
and not to construct labor legislation their
bill was defeated and they were driven to
the Initiative and the people for j-ellef. The
result was th passog of a law which is
mors far-reaching than anything they had
hoped to receive at the hands of the Legis
lature. This should convince any one that
good business. If not fair dealing, demands
that the needs of th laboring classes should
at all times be given careful consideration.
Legislation la BeneflclaL
In spite of opposition, however, much
progressive labor legislation has been se
cured. A State Labor Bureau has been cre
ated whioh Is achieving gratifying results
and a child labor law. which keeps the child
in school and out or the workshop, secured.
The Child Labor Commission to which the
administration of thia law has been 1eft
largely is entitled to greet praise for the
good it hss accomplished. It Is a regrettable
fact, however, that Mrs. Millie Trumbull, sec
retary of the board, and to whose conscien
tious service la largely due the success at
tained by the commission, h.s been obliged
to carry on the work at her own expense.
This Legislature should not fall to see that
good woman Is not only reimbursed, but that
this good woman is not only reimbursed,
but that provision Is made for carrying on
this most Importsnt work In the future.
An eight-hour law was passed at a pre
vious session ot the Legislature, but as It
applies only to tho .tale, county and mu
nicipal employe.. It should, as recommended
by the Stale Labor Commissioner, be ex
tended at least to contractors and sub-con
tractors doing work for the state, counties
or municipalities, and thus b made uniform
with the Federal law.
The railroad employes of this state, after
years of struggle, secured In 190.' the enact
ment of a law Intended to prevent railroad
companies from working their men more
than 14 consecutive hours without rest. The
Rsllroad Commission, whose duty It Is to see
that such laws are enforced, made repeated
attempts to secure convictions for violations
of this statute, but It had been so loosely
drawn that convictions under it were im
possible.
Furthermore, owing to the enactment of
the Federal H-hour law, the state statute Is
now possible of very limited application.
tales. In the absence of Federal legislation.
may make and enforce laws regulating the
hours of labor of all railroad employes, even
though they are employes of Interstate car
riers. But when Congress takes action such
state law Is nullified Insofar, as it applies to
Interstate commerce, and is restricted to
csrrlers engsged In strictly state business.
Therefore, the 14-hour law of this state
should be so amended thst It will be effec
tive and serve Its Intended purpose. I re
spectfully recommend that the Legislature
provide this amendment, and I suggest that
when so doing the Federal law be followed
closely ss practicable, and that the
amended statute be mad to cover electrio
as well as steam roads.
Fair Heal Asked For F.mploj es.
Justice snd fvlr dealing demand that
whenever an employe of a public service cor
poration Is discharged or voluntarily leaves
the service of such corporation he be
gt'eti. upon request, a letter setting forth
thf nsture and duration of the service ren
dered by him. whether he hsd voluntarily
eft the company s service or had been dis
charged, and in case of the latter a state
ment setting forth the cause which led to
his discharge. Such a law would afford som.
protection against the prevailing unjust
practice of discharging employes without
giving them a chance to be heard or Inform
ing them as to the cause of this discharge.
Th. mine workers of th tate should be
given some protection against the operation
of bogus or Irresponsible mining concerns.
These "hot air" concerns often employ men
o do development xrk and then; alleging
financial embarrassment, refuse to pay them
their mages. our jaws should never fur
nish a breastwork for Ihe crook and the
grafter, and should, therefore, be amended
so aa to furnish these mine workers ade
quate protection. Steps should also be taken
hrough legislation, or otherwise, to wine
out all crooked employment agencies. The
working classes should no longer be left
as prey to unprincipled concerns of this sort.
Ther ar great quantities of prison-made
goods, manufactured In other states, shipped
Into Oregon every yesr, which, together with
those msnufactured by our own contracted
prison labor, are sold In competition with
similar articles manufactured by free labor.
Believing not only .that every tub should
stand on Its own bottom, but that every
reasonable protection should be given free
labor. I recommend that a law be passed
requiring all goods manufactured by prison
labor to be so labeled.
Mfuihood to B PrrMrTt?d.
rnltd State Senator Ellliu Root, of Xew
York, In a pech delivered before the Na
tional Civic Federation In November 1909,
aid:
"It aeeina to ma that oar present system
of dealing with tboae Injuries that come to
the employes In our creat InduMrial life
is fooliAh, wantful. Ineffective and barbarous.
It Is discreditable to feave a great enlight
ened Nation Ignoring the fact that tn all
Industries ther are accidents, and that every
crushed foot, every broke a arm. every ruined
life expended In the bustnpsa Is a part
of the out of doing the business. All acci
dent, all Injuries, are subject to tha law of
average. The cost of support which la made
necessary by the Injuries suffered In a busi
ness In Just as much a part ot the cost of
the business as the tools that are worn out
or the mat-rial thst la consumed. It ought
to be paid for by the business aa a part of
that cost and not left to tha charity of tha
302
Washington
Street
Corner of Fifth
P
La
ThRsa Raincoat
830, for a few days more only, an opportunity to supply your outer apparel wants for many
years to come at less than ACTUAL COST OF MATERIALS. We have on sale the follow
ing: 300 Men's Double-Service Coats that formerly sold at $27.50 and $35, now selling
rapidly at
This Sale Will Start
REMEMBER There are fewer left every
Intending buyers are advised to shop early.
as advertised. ',.,'
For ladies, a limited num
ber of domestic, imported
sample garments, in sizes
of 36, 38 and 42, values up
to $40.00, at
$11 to $17.50
Nation at large. It ought to be paid for
so that tho man who has spent his life
and his strength as a necessary part of do
ing the business will feel that he Is being
paid In a way that preserves his manhood
Instead of being thrown upon charity In a
way that destroys It."
There Is In operation in some of the Euro
pean countries a system of Industrial Insur
ance which is producing excellent results.
Through the oo-operatlon of the employer,
empke. and tne state eacu -tlon
of the burden, which, of course. Is
passed on to the ultimate consumer prov -slon
Is made In advance for the Injured. This
question has been taken up In this country
bv the National Civic Federation and has re
sulted In the organisation of a special de
partment on "Compensation for Industrial
Accident and Their Prevention." This de
partment Is composed of a largo number of
employers, representative labor men. attor
neys. Insurance experts, economists and state
officials, who are working together In an
earnest endeavor to solve the problem of
how to lessen the hardships from the haz
ards of Industry and furnish relief to the
injured. A movement of this character
should be given every encouragement and I
assure Its friends that they will find me
ever ready to lend a hand In bringing about
some Just solution to this most Important
problem.
Oregon Needs Good Bonds.
Oregon will never come Into hef own in
the way of development until she takes steps
to Improve her highways. There are sections
of our state great empires where you could
lose several of the New England States
absolutely without means of reaching tne
railroads or markets with their products ex
cept by a two or three days', and some
times a week's. Journey over almost Impas
sible wagon roads. We may sing the state's,
praises to the sky and spend a fortune in
advertising our resources to attract home
seekers and settlers, but we will have but
little success unless we can point to some
movement towards the construction of good
roads over which the products of the farms
may be hauled to market.
Realizing how greatly the state was In
need of good roads and that, through our
ship-shod methods of road patching, thou
sands of dollars of the people's money were
being squandered annually, a number of our
public-spirited citizens, tnrougn ineu- organ
?,.,h?0",.RH: r,.laV"-
tlon of road building and I Understand will
submit to you for your consideration a num
ber of bills which embody their views and
recommendations In the matter. Knowing
that their recommendations are being
prompted solHy by an earnest desire to see
this state grldironed by the best system of
highways In the world and at the least pos
sible cost to the taxpayers. I ask that 'the
whole question be kindly given the most
careful consideration by you.
River Xerds Discussed.
Chapter SO of th seession laws of 1909
provides for the appropriation of SJOO.000
bv the state, contingent upon the appropria
tion of a like sum by Congress, for the pur
pose of ssslstlng the Federal Oovernment in
acquiring, by purchase, condemnation, or
construction, a boat ranal and locks around
the falls in the Willamette River at Ore
gon City. Congress, at Its recent session.
met the contingency of this sta'.ute by In-
tha Governor. Secretary of State, and State
Treasurer, acting Jointly. In January. 1911,
January 1112. and January, 1913, shall pro
vide In the usual manner for raising tha
300,000 appropriated by the act. No specific
provision Is made, however, for tha payment
or this ysuo.ouv to me reaerai government.
Jt seems to me In the negotiations and
possible legal entanglements Incident to pro
viding free locks at Oregon City, that the
state's co-operation might be of great assist
ance to the tie n era 1 Government, and that
such co-operation might materially hasten
tha time When the existing bar to free and
open river transportation would be removed.
I recommend thereore, that a statute be
enacted by this legislature, empowering the
Mate Board, consisting of the Governor, the
Secretary of State, and the State Treasurer,
to pay over to the Federal Government at
such time and In such manner aa may be
mutually agreed, the fund appropriated by
the state. And I further recommend that
this same Board be authorised to represent
the state In any action which. In the judg
ment of the Federal Government, would aid
In the furtherance of this most Important
project.
Judicial System Needs Reform.
Reform In our Judicial system has been
long overdue. The people, at the last elec
tion. pssed an amendment which removes
all constitutional obstacles from the path of
betterment and the ay Is now open for
the burial of the mrrny antiquated features
of our system and the birth of new ones.
Any attempt at revision, however, should
come only after thorough Investigation and
deliberate discussion. I would suggest,
therefore, that provision be made for tha
appointment of a commission, to serve with
out pay. whose duty It shall be to prepare
and submit to the next Legislature a bill
which will make one thorough revision of
the whole system. Tha two years of in
vestigation and discussion mill give every
one' an opportunity to be heard and should
enable the commission O give the state the
best Judicial system on earth. I ara opposed
to all hasty and patch-work legislation at
this, or any time, and believe that the plan
proposed Is the only sane method for as
certaining and making the necessary changes
in our present system.
Oregon mora than any; other state, de-
i . . I .. tn ha rival atirl httrtinr 1. 1 1 1 an an I
p-pVution Vf KO0.O0J for ,h. acquisition of j book. lifVost of our pub"
3
INCQAT
s Aire 3D
nee
' . -ON MEN'S . L I
bargains are bevond conception. BEGINNING THIS
WEDNESDAY Morning at 8:30 and Will Continue for a Few Days
302 Washington St.
mands an Intelligent and educated citizen
ship. The voters of this state, by reason
of our advanced laws, are regularly called
upon to exercise the functions of legislators
and to decide by their ballots questions ot
grave public moment.
It follows, therefore, that Oregon should
make liberal provision for Its educational
system. It would be better and wiser by
far to show scanty consideration for other
departments or Institutions of the state. In
order to provide needed funds for the state's
schools and colleges, than to scrimp the
funds for the schools, to aid other Institu
tions or departments. I believe in economy
of government but not In economy of edu
cation, and I trust that in passing upon the
needs of the state's educational system this
Legislature will show no disposition to re
fuse any of tha schools or colleges such
support as their necessities and healthy da-
v.innni.nt mav raoiilre.
When the normal schools' were abolished
at the last session of the Legislature no pro
vision was made for the payment of the
salaries of the teachers for the balance of
the term for which they bad, been employed.
Borne of them received little or no pay from
January 1. 100. to the end of the school
term in June, and what little they did re
ceive was derived largely from private do
nations. The Legislature, therefore, should
not fail to provide for the papment of any
and all unpaid salaries that may be Justly
due from the state.
Library Commission is Important.
This commission was created by an act
of the Legislature of 1905 for the purpose
of giving advice to public libraries ana
schools and communities wishing to estab
lish libraries, also to purchase and operate
free of cost, except for transportation, trav
eling libraries among communities, libraries,
schools, colleges, and universities.
The commission realizing the Importance
of the work It was called upon to perform
chose a most efficient secretary who has had
charge, and has directed the affairs of the
office and deserves great praise for the
skillful and efficient manner In whlcn she
has conducted the same and for her untiring
efforts to Increase the usefulness ot tne com
mission and make Oregon one of the lead
lnr states in this line of work.
That the Legislature acted wisely in es
tablishing this commission will be admitted
by any one who will take the trouble to
Inquire Into Its work. The buying of books
I "hV establishment and maintenance" of
llbraries require special knowledge and as
this is possessed by tne secretary oi mo
commission and her corps of assistants,
every little hamlet in the country receives
the benefit of it and with the result that
the children of the homesteader in tne re
mote districts are provided with a well
selected library of the best books and at an
insignificant cost to the community.
During the short time the commission has
been In existence It has selected and pur
chased 181,100 books for publlo school li
braries, and at a cst of about $78,000.
These books were purchased and delivered
at two-fifths of what they would have cost
the different communities had they pur
chased them direct and in, small quantities.
This saving alone nearly equals tho total
cost of conducting the office of the com
mission from the time It was created.
The work of purchasing books Is but a
small part of tho duties of the commission.
It has been instrumental In bringing about the
establishment or libraries in every noon ana
riAnt nf nui- remote districts may have ac
cess to the best books; and has assembled,
classified, and catalogued a mass of material
covering the live Issues of the day, which
Is available at any and all times to members
of the Legislature, debating societies, or any
one Interested.
This department ha been conducted with
the strictest economy. No department has
made a dollar go as far as the Library Com
mission. I hope every member, of the Leg
islature will find time to read its report,
visit Us office, -and get in touch with Its
t riif th tha iiira'eKtlons made
fin the report for enlarging the scope of the
department's useiuiness wiu do given con
ful attention. ' -
Railroad Commission Is Praised.
Tha four years work of the Railroad Com
mission speaks fdr Itself. Since the creation
of the commission the public hai seen a
marked improvement In the road-bed, equip
ment, station facilities and train service
of our railroads and Is receiving the benefit
of an annual saving of several hundred
thousand dollars through rate reductions.
The great task of ascertaining the original
cost and cost of reproduction of all of the
railroads In the state Is about finished and
the Information thus obtained will be of
Inestimable value both for taxation and rate
making purposes. This undertaking has cost
the state but a small fraction of what simi
lar undertakings have cost other states. The
commission is now working under a very ef
fective law and but few amendments are
necessary. These, however, will be sub
mitted to you for your approval through
measures which are being prepared by the
commission. Its further needs are fully set
out in its annual report and will no doubt
ba called to your attention by the members
of the commission.
There is a demand from many quarters
for the better regulation of all public ser
vice corporations and a movement is now
on foot to place those not now subject to
control under the jurisdiction of some com
mission. Experience has shown that Just
rates and treatment come only through such,
effective regulation and there Is no excuse
for further delaying action in this state.
Watered Stock Is Scored. i
The constant consolidation and reorganUa-
COMPANY
-Ft
day. Make up your mind to look at them today.
The bargains described above will be sold just
COMPANY
Corner of Fifth St.
tlon of our public corporations and the lack
of proper regulation service governing stock
Issue should attract the attention of the
members of this Legislature and convince
them that there is great need of legislation
which will protect the public from all un
warranted Issues of watered stock. It may
be that this Is a matter of Fedt-ral regula
tion but in the absence of any action on the
part of Congress it Is surely within the
province of the state to take action in the
matter.
Oregon Should Advertise.
Btate officials are dally In receipt of re
quests from persons residing In other states
and in other countries asking for informa
tion concerning Oregon and its resources.
Owing to the fact that the Legislature has
never made provision for the publication
of publicity matter it is Impossible to comply
with these requests, utner siaies "ad
vertising their resources and it seems to me
that the time has come for Oregon to take
similar action. The state couia print
comprehensive booklet at very little cost as
the material could be obtained from the
railroad companies and commercial organiza
tions, assembled bv the Oregon State Con
servation Commission and printed by the
State Printer. The state is thus in a posi
tion where It can do some effective adver
tising at very little cost and it Is to be
hoped that the Legislature will see fit to
provide the Oregon conservation Commission
with authority to carry out the work.
. White slavery, a term that spells hideous
vice and Inhuman Infamy, has been lor some
time eneaffinar the serious thought and ac
tive endeavor of the Federal Government. It
has been found that organized gangs of
lecherous parasites have been swarming in
the country, more or less openly engaged in
their revolting business. Young and inno
cent girls have been enticed into this coun
try, oftentimes by trick and artifice, and,
friendless, have been forced into an existence
worse than death. American girls, lured
to the cities by clever persuasions and prom
ises of employment, have been cast Into the
vortex of the lost by -these inhuman mon
stars, never to re-appear unless In the po
lice court or the morgue. The horror of
the situation needs no elaboration, for every
edition of the publlo press adds fresh chap
ters to Its awful n ess.
Congress has enacted stringent legislation
against this evil and is making an energetic
effort to stamp It out. But cases are contin
ually arising hard for the Federal law to
grasp. cases local In their nature and clearly
wurtia lus juriauidiuu vt 1.19 tuui ia ul
state.
I believe that this state. Insofar as is pos
sible, should work side by side with the Fed
eral Government in combating this evil, and
I recommend that a statute be enacted, fol
lowing as closely as practicable the Federal
law, through which the atate courts may
lay a heavy hand upon this most loathsome
traffic, clean and state of It and keep It
clean.
Reward Asked for Heroes.
Pioneers of the state will very probably
appear before this Legislature in the Interest
of projects conceived for the perpetuation
of historical events in the public memory.
Some years ago the Champoeg Monument
Association aecured three acres of ground
at Champoeg and erected thereon a monu
ment commemorative of the convention of
May 2. 1843, at which it was determined
that Oregon should be American and not
English territory. A movement has now
been started for the purchase of 12 acres
additional and the construction of a pavilion
for housing the historical celebration which
Is held there annually.
The Oregon Historical Society desires to
erect a modest monument above, and a fence
around, the sadly neglected grave of Pater
Skene Ogden. This noted pioneer waa the
chief factor of the Hudson's Bay Company
at Fort Vancouver, in 1S47, and after the
Whitman massacre of that year, ransomed
53 women and children captured by the In
dians. None of this money was ever repaid,
and the historical society desires to pay
tardy tribute to the memory of, the patriotic
and humane pioneer.
There yet remain a few aged veterans
of the Indian outbreak of 1855, whose claims
have never been paid by the state. These
men volunteered their services, furnishing
their own horses, arras, and equipment. The
Legislature of 1856 agreed to allow the men
12.00 per day for their services. $2.00 per
day for the use of their horses, and to re
imburse them for horses killed or Injured in
service. Legislature after Legislature failed
to pay these Just debts, and only in recent
years have a majority of the claims been
met. There are still a few claims unpaid
and these constitute a debt of honor .owed
by the state. When these matters' are
brought to your attention I bespead for
them your thoughtful consideration.
Income Tax Plea Made.
Congress, some years ago, with a -view of
bringing about a more equitable distribution
of the burdens of taxation, passed an In
come tax law but the Supreme Court of the
United States held It to be unconstitutional. ;
Congress haa now passed an amendment to 1
our constitution, which by removing all con
stitutional obstructions will permit the pas- 1
sage of such a law, and It is being sub- 1
m it ted to the several states for approval or
rejection. The proposed amendment is as
follows:
ARTICLE XVI. I
Congress shall have the power to levy and !
collect taxes on incomes, from whatever
source derived, without apportionment
among the several statea and without re- j
gard to any census or enumeration. j
This amendment before becoming effective i
must be ratified by at least three-fourths of
the states. A number of the statPs have al- 1
ready approved the measure, while a few !
have rejected it, it is to be hoped, however, l
302
Washington
Street
Corner of Fifth
win
AT K
MORNING
TODAY we will sell a few
hundred g i r Is ' Rubber
Storm Cape Coat3 in red,
blue and
$1.90
brown, at
that Oregon will go on record as belnuT
favor of this most meritorious and progre
slve measure.
The eyes of the nation are focused
Oregon today. The progressive laws of th
state are being mad a the pattern of eta
after state. Oregon has trIod out the dli;e
primary law, the direct election of Liut
States Senatora the Initiative, the refttre
dum, and the recall, and has found the
measures good. Other statea, boss-rldd
and machine-controlled, have watched th
state strike off the shackles of politic
slavery and are now driving tv old coi
vention system with its ringmasters, ii
graft and corruption, into oblivloij J
Within the past few days Govc-morV- P
born of Michigan, Fobs of iYIa$Fachusett
Marshall of Indiana, Platsted of ualne, at
Norris of Montana, have declared 1 thut the
states must adopt the "Oregon sistein" f'
political regeneration. t
Oregon's system Is no longer o eteri
fierr.d ODoosltlon. nd hns stood thstnut V'sl
If imperfections exist, ttiesn In ti r may
remedied or adjusted. But I hold thut
changes must come, they should coins mt t
hands of the friends of the law. fend I si
now that during my term of offtae I wi
zealously guard tne integrity ot
of the people and. will combat
means in my power any attempt
Infringe, or subvert them. Tha
Oregon, at different times and tn V10 unx-er
tain tones, have declared for theie laws, Jan.
no men or no hostile Influence fchotfll-tee'. per
mitted to attempt in any manner, to w-re?
from the people their hard-won .lct.ry. '
In conclusion, gentlemen. I bespeak .fo
myself that courteous consideration t ih'
hands of this distinguished body, which, I
nnrl arAi. A It maniKar. Tsrltl Pd.'f(VS ffXilT
me, and I trust that united effort will v.narV
and prosperity of the state. And In t'hi
connection I remind you that as each ari
every measure appearing during the sesaiV
should receive your careful consideration yo I
should guard against the usual turmoil
the closing days. I would suggest tha
should you adopt a resolution at the first '
the session, providing that no V measur
should pass from one House to th'
other during the last five daysl f th
session, it would go far ttywards 'fwr
milling ruiier uiticussiuri uj. muse iiiijjui i.im
measures which are always late In reaching
final consideration. And I would sugii"
that this state now has many laws, and tha
this Legislature would go- dowti in hlstor.
more blessed for a few well-considered an!
timely enactments than for a lnrge amount
of ill-considered and faulty legislation.
SOLDIERS' BILL IS PASSED
i - .
House Grants Larger Pensions and
Senate Is Favorable!
- n -
nr?P!f3rV PITT. Or. Jan. Id. I (Spe
cial.) Captain X T. Apperson.', cV TTf7
city, today recet-ved a tleKr7r fro
Representative Hawley. from WasSiins
ton, D. C, telllngr members ,of thr
f3ranrl A rill V o f the Dasslnir In the
House of the bill granting an increase
In pensions to the old soldiers.
Ttv tv, tprma of the bill, old soldiers
who have arrived at the age of 62 years
will receive $15 a month pension; age
65 years. $20; age 70 years, $25: apo
is van ra nr over. $36. The bill has
good prospect of receiving the sanction
of the Senate.
This Is .
Piano Day
The Wiley B. 'Allen Co.
Fire Insurance Adjust
ment Sale of Uprights,
Grands and Player
Pianos opens this morn
ing at 9 o'clock.
See Our Ad on Page 4.
STORE
304 Oak Street.
Bet. Fifth and SixtW
OPEN EVENING
i
j