10
TIIE MORNING OREGOXIAN. FRIDAY, XOVE3IBER 25, 1910.
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l"ORTLANT. IRJI1AY. NOV.
11.
AGAIN ON TO BVTTI.K.
The Executive Committee of the Ore
iron Dry paxty suspends lis strenuous
labors at tho pumps of the water
logged craft of state-wlJe prohibition
long enough to Inform the ohscrving
public that the war Is only Just be
gun an J that the IJ ship will be la
trim to sail on to victory In 1312.
"We guess not. unl-as the widely-advertised
and much-vaunted effort to
r gulate and r-form the saloon shall
fall utterly meanwhile. Put undoubt
edly the drys 'fill not erase trying
until It Is obvious even to them that
there Is nothing doing. They shako
the dust of a wsllolng Jift.it from
their clothe, adjust their pained Tea- 1 -y. fncs r i0ral government. In
lures to the m rablunce of the old-time I certaln forms, are fond of applying
ime-that-won l-corae-off (very dry) the oriiCu. rhru."e to the champiota
as he escapes from the army post.
Tho location of the poet at which the
soldier Is stationed and the treatment
by the officer.-!, are also factors In
dr.t rtlons. In his report. Adjutant
Alnsworth mentions thirty-flvo organ
izations with the names of officers
which did r.ot lose a single man dur
ing the past year.
The same Influence that keeps the
British soldier In the service Is notice
able In this country. We f.'n'l, for
example, that while tho percentage of
white deserters in the past year was
1.77. there was but 1.35 per cent of de
sertions among negTocs. A lplcal as
sumption Is that the nescro !Hlilii r, like
Tommy Atkins, stuck to the srrvice
bcaiis his opportunities outside were
not so (crcat us those of the w hite sol
dier. In the opinion o General Alns
worth, leniency toward dr.".rters Is
not appreciated, for twenty-five per
rent of those to whom leniency was
shown last year drsrrtod niraln at the
first chunce. Of six aohli-rs restored
to duty with only a reprimand, four
promptly deserted. It mipht be Inter
esting and profitable for the Govern
ment to secure for circulation among
the officers who lost the jrreatcst
number of men, a miinual showing
methods used by the officers In the
thirty-five organizations that did not
lose a man In tho entire year.
NO .MORE STATES' RIl.HTS.
States rights nevrfVuin will make
an lsuo In the pi:i....- of this country-
T:iat 1-ssue was luaied with too
much bloodshed. 45 years ago.
Lctul government may bo more or
less of an Issue In National politics,
but It will rot resort to rebellion and
secession nor adopt the name state's
rights. The Idea attending those
words Is exploded and obsolete.
for his own particular locality, and
incidentally for the whole state, no
trouble will be found In locating the
newcomers where they can make the
best showing for themselves and for
the community.
Our mighty timber Industry Is still
In a primitive stage of development,
and It will attract as many different
classed of Investors and manufacturers
creasing sum for protection against the
risk of war.
The Immensity of these figures
and. In view of the activity every
where In evidence, they are undoubt
edly approximately correct can hard
ly fail to Impress thinking people
with the necessity for some action by
which this tremendous economic waste
may be checked. This vast sum all
as some of the other industries. The t comes out of th earnings of the peo
nian of limited capital who desires a j pie, and in the use to which it Is now
shingle mill or small sawmill in the i put. it brings nothing In return. Mil
country should not bi directed to lions of soldiers and sailors are sup
tidewater locations where competitive ported In idleness, and billions of
conditions will over-tax his capital. ' money are tied up in naval and milftary
The resources of the state are so vast ' equipment and ships. Is it any won
and the opportunities so great that I der. In the face of this fearful ex
Oregon has plenty of desirable open- j pendlture and waste, that the cost of
lnps for nil classes of settlors-and in- living has Increased? If all tho bil
vestors. but neither the state rior Its ( Hons of money now Invested In bat
new citizens can reap the maximum . tl-ships were employed In some use
benefits If the latter are not located ! ful industry, and the millions of sol-
NEW YORK'S COMrEXSATIOV LAWS
Structural Base lo l.eaa Radical Than
Orecoa'i Liability Art.
It Is difficult to Imagine a compensa
tion act that, in conjunction with the
new liability law, would not give the
employes broader protection and Im
pose heavier burdens on the employer.
In Oregon, than those given and Im
posed In New York by the laws adopt-
AVHY 3IOTAXA IS DOl'BTFVL.
State Has I'nnaual System of Legisla
tive Apportionment.
Anaconda Standard.
For its part, Montana seems to enjoy
political classification as a doubtful
state; It Is so rated In some of the cal
culations that have In view the Presi
dential election two years hence.
In any event, the state will probably
ed last Summer. Yet the New York ' run along under the arrangement, with
respect to & joint ballot, which lets the
Democrats win the House, by dint of
good campaigning, but lets the Repub
licans hold control of the State Senate.
The arrangement is liable to hold good
for a long time to come.
That happens because each county, big
or little. In Montana has a State Senator.
The arrangement was entered into at
laws have been hailed as a long ad
vancing step In reformation of stat
utes affecting rights of workmen to re
cover for Injuries occurring In their
employment.
New York in Its statutes now has
two liability laws, one of which pro
vides for an optional compensation
and chaJlrniro the enemy again to
come on. They are as hard to beet
Into submission ns th wholly sub
merged female uffrajr?sts.
All this t very fine, if one Is
disposed to admire determination un
l!nkd with discrttion: but what Is to
he the result? The public Is hardly In
the humor to face another shivering
agitation of the liquor question aftr
decisive registration of wi'.l. The
prospect would appear to be that. If
the home rulers make good, even
measurably, the drys will lose much
of the support that came from
an electorate not wholly convinced of
the efficacy of prohibition, but much
disgusted with the conduct and oper
ation of the saloon.
Take th case of the female suf
fragists, who have worn people out
with their pertinacity and th'ir un
happy Insistence that the question of
extension of the franchise is not set
tled, and will not be until it Is set
tled their way. In 1900 the female
suffragists came nearer carrying their
proposal than they have since. There
Is much food for reflection and a de
cided suggestion for hesitation by the
prohibitionists In these figures on the
suffrage amenJment In the four times
it has teen submitted In ten years:
1900. IS.2S3 yes; :.1.40; no.
19CS. SC. 90: yes; 47.073 no.
190S. I4.S3S yes; 58.870 no.
191C-. 3S.:00 yes; 5S.459 no.
There la a remarkable similarity
between the results of 1903 and 1910.
Indicating apparently that the forces
for and against suffrage had achieved
an impasse reached an Invincible
deadlock. Perhaps not. but it Is nev
ertheless a subject on which the voters
of Oregon ar thoroughly educated
and on which also, it is fair to assume,
they know their own minds.
But hold! There Is one way through
which there may be discerned a bright
and eager beam of hope for the
women. If they adopt the clever ex
pedient devised by the able suffra
gist strategists in Washington, the
uniform record of four successive
Waterloo may be broken. In that be
nighted state, the amendment went on
the ballot under the Innocuous cap
tion "relating to rights of voters" or
some such vague thing. Not a word
about female suffrage or women. The
Innocent sovereign of the ballot, w hen
he came across the harmless proposal
In the dark recesses of the voting
booth, naturally thought it was all
right, and voted "Yes." Thus the
women won their sweeping triumph in
Washington. Possibly It may occur to
the more alert electorate of Oregon
that the men of Washington did not.
in this Important matter, demonstrate
perfectly their complete fitness for ex
clusive possession of the ballot; but
that's another story.
The, prohiblt'onlsts mustered in the
recent election a gallant army of 42.
C49. while the opposition had 63.569.
or a majority against the amendment
of more than -'0.000. It will doubt
less be conceded all around that the
wets were more scared than hurt dur
ing the campaign and that their vote
( was larger than anyone expected. Tet
it may reasonably be said that the test
was complete and the result decisive.
There Is no question where Oregon
. stands now on statewide prohibition.
. What la there of hope or cheer or en
couragement for the warlike prohibi
tionists in so plain and emphatic a
! demonstration of the people's will and
; purpose? Do they right merely for
the love of battle? Don't they know
. when they are licked? Or don't they
care?
of commonwealth control of corpora
tions and of resources. They desig
nato their own schemes as "new Na
tionalism" and assert that persons
who stand for continuance of local
w If-gvert:nient and maintenance of
the cono'.itutioiia of Nation and state
are enemies of progress and are reac
tionaries. Questions of commonwealth and
National control will animate the
country's politics, but never again to
the point of asserting state's rights.
Kcally there Is no such thing ns
state sovereignty. There is National
sovereignty, however. The agencies
of that National sovereignty are the
general Government and tho state
governments. Kach Is hedged about
by its respective constitutional re
strictions. The sovereign will of the
Nation has ordained that the general
Government shall act in some things
and that the stnte governments shall
act in others. Tho commonwealths
are not subordinate to tho general
Government, but co-ordinate with It.
lioth agencies can be instructed or
modified by the sovereignty of the Na
tion. These Western states aim to con
tinue the control of their water pow
ers, for example, not by assertion of
state's rights, but of their constitu
tional authority received 'from the
sovereign will of the Nation. They
will not rebel nor socede. If they fall.
But they will not fall. The constitu
tions are plain, the precedents are
many and justice and fair dealing will
be uppermost.
to the host advantage.
In this campaign for new settlers.
too much credit cannot be given the
railroads. Their splendid organiza
tion reaching Into nil parts of the
I'nited States enables them to attract
millions, where, without their aid. It
would cost enormoun sums to attract
thousands. Their Interest, like that of
the Orcgor.lans, is of course in a mea
sure a selfish one, but In exploitation
work, the railroads, the Oregonlans,
and even the new settlers who will
vastly Improve their circumstances by
coming here have a mutual Interest.
With the railroads making very at
tractive rates and giving the state and
It resources the greatest publicity
ever had, and the numeroua develop
ment leagues working In harmony for
diers and sailors were producing pome
thing instead of consuming the
products of those who are laboring,
the effect on the general economic
condition certainly would be notice
able. It, of course, would be Inadvisable
to disband all the armies, or put all
the navies of the world out of com
mission, but that there should be a
check on the almost unlimited expend
itures of all countries is generally ac
knowledged even by the leading states
men of the countries most affected.
That a halt should be called now Is
Imperative, for If relief is not afforded
soon the present ratio of Increase In
this class of expenditures will land
the world's greatest Powers In bank
ruptcy and ruin within a few- years.
agreement between employer and em- i the time when the constitution was
the good of all Oregon, this state is i The world Is rapidly reaching a point,
entering upon an era of development where for sheer lack of funds with
and prosperity that will surpass any
thing we have ever before experienced.
WHAT NOW Of TIIE SOtTHf
The Democratic party won the re
cent elections by reverting to "con
servatism." Bryan and his w-orks of
radicalism were cast out. This Is a
good sign for the Southern states,
which have been the backbone of the
party. Those states have nothing in
common with Rryan's attacks on prop,
erty and business, his free silver, his
anti-expansion and his rabid social
istic agitation. Their Industry, com
merce and finance arc on as conser
vative a basis as those of Northern
states.
But for the negro question, the
Southern states would not have voted
with Bryan all these years. Because
they imagine the Republican party in
tends to force upon them "negro domi
nation," they have accepted and voted
all of Bryan's fallacies.
4j'his release, now, of the Demo
cratic party from Its defeated Isms
If there Is release should be a wel
come one to Southern Democrats.
Their Northern Republican neighbors
have saved them repeatedly from ru
inous fallacies and now it Is to bo seen
whether they can add to the rational
forces of the country.
Time will tell what tho Democratic
party can do to put itself on safe and
ane bssls. It was lifted to power
In a number -of strong Eastern states
and in the National House of Repre
sentatives, because It was supposed to
have quit its old isms.
The "new South" will now have a
chance, perhaps. It has been voting
bllpdlr these many years, with noth
ing else in mind but the "nigger ques
tion." Perhaps now the South can
see something else In National politics.
OIK AKMV DOEKTElb.
Army life in the United States la
far lees attractive than In Great Brit
ain. A report recently issued by Adjutant-General
F. C Alnsworth shows
the percentage of desertions for the I of the work that has already been
year ending June SO. 110, was 3.66. accomplished by the Oregon Develop
ICTla7nSQ ALL OIUX.ON.
The convention of the Oregon De
velopment League to be held in Salem
next week is of exceptional importance
to the entire Slate of Oregon. The
meeting will be addressed by a num
ber of the best publicity men in the
country, and will afford an oppor
tunity for league members from dif
ferent parts of the state to get to
gether and exchange views for the
mutual advantage of all. The value
This -was a marked improvement over
the preceding year, when the percent
age of desertions was 4.9 1, or about
one man out of every twenty. The
ment League is difficult to estimate in
figures, for the dividends that will
follow this work, will be continual and
of increasing size as the years roll by.
Improved showing of the past year I The particular advantage of a state
doee not appear very well In compart- I wide movement of this character lies
von with the British army, which re
ported but 1.1 s per cent of desertions
In 1909. As the American soldier Is
better paid, bvtter fed and better
treated than the British soldier. It
might reasonably be expected that
life would be more attractive In the
American than In the British Army.
An explanation of this apparent bet
ter behavior of the British soldier
would probably be found In the differ
ence In economic conditions of the
two countrie.
With the labor market throughout
the British Empire always badly con
gested. Tommy Atkins. If he Is at all
shiftless in his habits. Is pretty cer
tain to go hungry and without em
ployment very soon after he deserts.
lie remains la the ranks because he
Is assured of food and clothing and
not too much work. The American
in it possibilities for reaching all
classes of settlers and Investors need
ed by Oregon.
Throughout the older settled por
tions of the United States, where no
longer remain the opportunities still
plentiful in Oregon, are thousands of
people who are looking to the West
for new homes. It la in seeing that
these prospective settlers are placed
in locations where the environment
will best enable them to meet their
requirements that the most effective
work of the Development League will
be done. The man who comes to
Oregon to grow wheat should not be
directed to the rich dairy and small
farm regions of the roast counties.
Neither should the dairyman nor the
garden-farmer be sent to the big
wheat and stock districts east of the
Cascade Mountains, some of which are
NEW YORK CITY AND STATE.
Census reports on the city and state
of New York revcul conditions that
do not obtain In any other state in
the Union for the population of the
city exceeds that of the remainder of
the state by more than 420,000 people.
If New York were like any other city
in the world, theso figures would in
dicate an alarming economic condi
tion, for, as a rule, prosperity is im
possible where the rural population
does not fur exceed" that of the cities.
As the State of New York contains
a number of fairly large cities outside
the limits of Greater .New York, it ia
apparent that only a comparatively
small portion of the population of the
state is down on tho farm producing
something for the remainder of the
New Yorkers to eat.
But while the metropolis of the New
World has drawn heavily on the popu
lation of the rural districts of the Em
pire State, the crowd that has enabled
the city to show a larger population
than all the rest of the state, was
largely recruited from other states
and from Europe. Kor many years
the newly rich from every state in the
Union have been attracted by the
bright lights and gay life of New York.
They have thronged into the big city
with an army of servants and hangers
on. and their presence has created a
demand for costly cafes, theaters and
other facilities for the absorption of
easy money. To operate these neces
sities for the rich, largo numbers of
people, mostly foreigners, ure re
quired as employes.
New York Is also the financial head
quarters for the United States and
thousands of persons who are doing
business for others In various parts of
the world make their homes in New
York. Even Portland, located 8000
miles away, contributes its share of
permanent residents, in buyers for our
big mercantile houses. It is the busi
ness of the great port that has drawn
into the city limits a population great
er than that of the remainder of tho
state. For all that. New York state,
like other parts of the country. Is suf
fering from neglect of country life and
agricultural opportunities. This un
favorable condition has reached a
point where the railroad companies
have taken up the matter, and are
seeking by practical demonstrations to
show that the many abondoned and
neglected farms throughout the state
will still give good returns when prop
erly cared for.
t'ANXO.N AOATNST CANNONISM.
The spectacle of Mr. Cannon, fight
ing tooth and nail to destroy Cannon
l.m wi41 be very entertaining If it
comes off as advertised. Very likely
It wil! come off. There is a lively
expectation that tho leading Demo
crats in the House have experienced
decided cooling of their zeal against
an autocratic speakership. Having
gained their partisan ends by railing
against Cannon's power they " would
now be glnd to let tho subject drop
and go gently on In the good old way.
But Mr. Cannon, of all men. is least
likely to acquiesce in any such plan.
It Is Inconceivable that he will sit
quietly at his desk and see Mr. Clark
do peacefully the same things that he
himself was denounced and derided
for doing. There will be some more
denouncing and It will be particularly
lively, we fancy, for Mr. Cannon is a
pretty valiant old warrior when his
dander Is up.
Nor will he fight alone. A goodly
band of Democrats believe In the prin
ciple of free debate. They stand
ready to fight for It even against the
order of their party caucus. The
Speaker of tho House will be made a
non-partisan presiding officer and
nothing more If they can bring it
abaut. In the fight they are sure to
have the help of the Republican In
surgents and probably of all the Re
publican members. The cause of
Czarlsrn In the House Is definitely lost.
No doubt the Republicans, as a party,
will be sensible enough to see it In
that light and put themselves on the
winning side.
which to build more battleships or
employ more soldiers, it must stop this
foolish competition. As we can see
the Inevitable end and know that a
halt must soon be called, would it
not be best to check the headway be
fore the world becomes insolvent
through its prodigal expenditures to
prevent war?
It win afford some satisfaction to
tho people who could not afford to
dine on turkey today to learn that the
chief sufferers by the slump in prices
were those who early in the Thanks
giving season made a great effort, to
force prices up to what this year
proved prohibitive figures. This grab
game has been worked so often in the
turkey market that thousands of peo
ple who In the nast have paid 30 cents
and 35 cents per pound for birds
which In the last day s rush were a
drug on the market at about half that
figure refrain from buying at all
This assertion of Independence an
disapproval of extortion Is not con
fined -to the people who cannot afford
to pay high prices. Even the mil
Uonairo does not cheerfully give up
his money on anything that has the
appearance of a skin game.
A movement la now under way to
secure the passage of a bill providing
pensions to all Civil Service employes
when thpy reach an age where the!
efficiency is impaired and retirement
Is necessary. This bill if it became" a
law would of course prevent our enor
mous pension roll from showing any
decrease, which for years we have
been expecting. It Is not at all clear
why Government employes are any
more entitled to pensions than other
employes. There is nothing compul
sory about Government service. Any
man who does not think he can show
sufficient thrift in his youth and mid
dle age in a Government position
should promptly leave It, and go Into
some other business where he could be
Independent and lay up his own "pen
sion" for the Inevitable old age that
comes to all workers.
Outside agencies are sofving several
perplexing problems for railroad presi
dents, traffic managers and general
superintendents. In the news dis
patches yesterday we note that the
United States Circuit Court at San
Francisco upholds the Interstate
Commerce Commission's power to fix
rates; a lawyer, an editor and a manu
facturer declare before a lawful board
of Inquiry that railroads do not know
the a b c's of economical operation
and one man who maintains that
American railroads are wasting a mil
lion dollars a day is offered the Job
of running them, he to name his own
salary. As in politics so In railroad
Ing. advice is cheap and worth what
it costs.
A scheme is now under way to in
crease the number of Oregon Supreme
Court Judges from five to seven and
to appoint to the two additional
pluces, through Governor West,
Judges King and Slater, who failed of
election nearly three weeks ago. The
Democratic "non-Partisans" are al
ways busy, and chiefly In behalf of
partisan Democrats. King and Slater
are called non-partisans because they
are strict partisans, and because that
is the way for them to gain office.
But what reason is there to believe
that two more seats would relieve the
"congestion" in the Supreme Court
any better than did the two new
judgeships recently created?
soldier on the contrary has every as- I not adapted to smAU farming. With
so ranee that there will be no difficulty J League members from every part of
finding work at good wages so soon I the stato working In harmony, each.
BU.IJONS TR rKACR. '
Nearly all the $30,000,000 Turkish
loan recently negotiated will be ex
pended on battleships and military and
naval equipment. Japan is increasing
her naval expenditures to the extent
of nearly $40,000,000, and every other
nation with any pretentions to great
ness Is spending money In almost fab
ulous amounts for military and naval
armaments. The exact amount the
world Is thus spending for defense and
offonse Is not easily determined, but
a recent statement by Postmaster
General Herbert Samuel of Great
Britain placed the amount at more
than $2,000,000,000 a year. Mr. Sam
uel made use of these figures in an
apology to his hearers for the lack of
Improvement In the British postal and
telegraph service. He explained that
In order to keep pace with the rapid
increase in the navies of other
Powers, It was necessary for Great
Britain to spend each year an In-,
Call comes for instruction In cook
ing Oregon tipples. For whom? Isn't
an Oregon apple good to eat just as
It is? Of course Invalids and a few
dyspeptics may need the modified
chemical quality that heat produces.
Let these consult nurse and physi
cian, but for the great multitude of
normal, red-blooded folk the properly
mellowed apple In its raw state is the
acme of good fruit skin, core, seeds
and all In the case of healthy boys
and girls under eighteen. Oregon has
not degenerated Into cooked-apple
mollycoddles.
ploye, and the other for compulsory
compensation of Injured workmen by
employers.
The former, it is indicated by the
text, is Intended to apply to all classes
of employment with the exception of
railroad work, while the latter affects
only certain specified employments that
are considered especially dangerous.
The optional law provides that the
employer and employe may enter into
an agreement under the terms of which
the employer pledges himself to pay
certain sums of money to the employe
In the event of the latter's lnjury
through any cause arising in connec
tion with his duties, or to- his depend
ent heirs, in the event the injuries re
sult In the death of the employe. The
sum payable for Injuries resulting in
death is fixed at 1200 times the daily
earnings of the employe, but in no in
stance may exceed J3000.
For total incapacity, a weekly pay
ment equivalent to half wages, and
which may extend over k maximum
period of eight years, Is provided. If
the incapacity is only partial the em
ploye is entitled to no greater weekly
payment than the difference between
the amount he Is able to earn after in
Jury and the amount earned prior to
Injury.
Consent, which is not compulsory, to
the compensation plan on the part of
the employe waives on his part any
right of recovery under the common
law or special liability statutes, ex
eept In the event the Injury Is caused
by the willful or serious misconduct of
the employer or the failure of the lat
ter to provide safeguards ordered by
properly constituted authorities.
The compensation schedule of th
compulsory law Is practically identical
with that of the optional law, but ap
parently It Is compulsory only on the
part of the employer. The Injured em
ploye Is given the option of demanding
from his employer the compensation
fixed by the compulsory act or of
bringing suit for damages under the
common law or statutes existing in
New York on January 1, 1910.
Adoption of the identical compensa
tion features of the New York law in
Oregon would leave liability statutes in
this state more favorable to the em
pioye man in New York, unless some
amendment were made of the-lnitia
tive liability act approved in the last
election.
The reason for this is that the gen
eral employers' liability statutes of
New York, which as has been pointed
out may be resorted to by the Injured
employe, unless he signs the prescribed
agreement, are not so drastic as Ore
gon's new law.
For example, the optional law in New
York, while eliminating the doctrine of
assumption of risk, still retains negli
gence of the employe as a proper de
fense. It, however. Imposes the burden
of proof on the employer when con
tributory negllgance is pleaded. The
new Oregon law does not recognize con
tributory negligence as a defense at
11. The New York law makes a dis
tinction between negligence by a fellow-servant
In the same capacity of
employment and the negligence of a
servant having a degree of authority
to direct the work. The Oregon law
makes no such distinction. New York
recognizes the right of dependent heirs
only to recover for the death of an em
ploye under either the former statutes
or the new compensation laws. The
Oregon act does not make dependency
a contingent In fixing the right of lin
eal heirs to recover. .
In the New York compulsory com
pensation act, it should be noted, the
contributory negrligance," "fellow-
servant" and "assumption-of-rlsk" doc
trines are no defense for the employer
if 'the injured employe elects to de
mand the compensation specified in the
act But In preserving to the employe
the right of action under the common
law, or any applicable statute in force
on January 1 last, these doctrines, so
far as they were pleadable on January
are preserved to the employer in his
defense.
This comparison is given to show the
difference between what Is considered
radical law in New York and the law
adopted through the Initiative In Ore
gon, and also is it given because dis-
usslon of the principle of employes'
compensation laws Is taking place
which may result in the presentation of
some form of indemnity bill in the
omlng session of the Oregon Legisla
ture. This early, it is indicated that
leaders In the recent campaign for the
doptlon of the Initiative liability law
and the employers themselves may ad
mit the virtue of the fixed compensa
tion for personal injuries to employes.
But whether they can agree on a sched
ule of compensation and certain ex
ecuting features of the suggested bill
remains to be seen.
KEBl'KE BY VOTERS NECESSARY.
Legislation Will Not Cure Large Ex
penditure by Candidates.
Boston Advertiser.
The problem of reducing election ex
penses of candidates will be solved bs
the pressure of public opinion, and by
that alone. As long as public opinion
countenances large pre-election expen
ditures by candidates, and does not un
mistakably manifest displeasure at such
expenditure, in such way as to show
that large expenditure operates against
the candidate at the polls, the race be
tween rival candidates will continue,
with only individual and not significant
protests and refusal to follow the cus
tom. Clarence' E. Carr, of Andover, N.
II., the defeated Democratic candidate
for Governor of New Hampshire, seta
the case. clearly before the public when.
In filing' his expense account, he again
expresses the opinion that both he and
adonted. There is no enrtd reason for it.
if you please, or pertinent precedent. It his successful opponent spent far too
It may be doubted whether the
mind's eye of Henry Villard who, 31
years ago. went Into railroad building
In the Pacific Northwest, saw 3474
miles of road centered at Portland
and all embraced within the field of
the O. R. & N.. which he organized.
is not the plan that exists in states
where the distribution of Senators is on
an equitable basis.
However, without regard to the merits
of this arrangement, the practical fact
is that by counties Montana is heavily
Republican; comparatively few, of them
are Democratic. Thus the Republican
preponderance in the Senate is heavy
and it will be. The present State Sen
ate's membership includes 17 Repub
licans and 11 Democrats. The lower
branch in the present Legislature is
Democratic and the next one, recently
elected, will be. The Republicans con
trolled the House in the Legislature
elected in 1906.
Meanwhile, the Democrats are in the
habit of electing the Governor of Mon
tana. In statehood there has been only
one Republican Governor. Yet tho Re
publicans have three times elected tn
Lieutenant-Governor. For the state Mr.
Clark served one full Senate term and
Paris Gibson part of a term; the othe
Montana Senators have been Repub
llcan
In two or three Instances, through fac
tlon fights or fusion, the Democrats have
been Instrumental in the election of
Congressman, but the late W. W. Dixon
and the late A. J. Campbell were the
only Democrats elected to the office of
Congressman by the people of Montana.
In fact, our politics has been sufficiently
mixed.
TYPEWRITER JUMPED SPACE.
And Telegram Carries Temporary
Dismay to Southern Oregon.
Klamath Falls Herald.
The skipping of a space in a type
writer when a message was being re
ceived In this city Thursday caused
the telegram to read In such a way
that It caused consternation In the
ranks of the liquor men and exceed
ing Jov to the prohibitionists. But,
later, when the message was straight
ened out the liquor men were Joyous
and the prohibitionists corresponding
ly depressed.
Horace Manning telegraphed to
Portland for the figures on the state
wide prohibition law and the home
rule bill, and in reply received the fol
lowing telegram:
"H. P. Manning, Klamath Falls, Or.:
"Will be at statewide prohibition
upwards of 10,000 and carry home rule
by much smaller majority.
Mr. Manning and the men to whom
he showed the telegram all thought
the "t" in the third word was an errbr,
nd that the telegram should read:
Will be a statewide prohibition by
upwards of 10,000."
They could not see, though, how the
message could be correct, and Anally
it was suggested that it be verified.
As soon as tho telegraph operator was
told what was wanted - he informed
the anxious inquirers that the message
hould read:
"Will beat statewide prohibition by
upwards of 10,000, and carry home rule
by much smaller majority."
The liquor men are now satisfied.
"WILD AND WOOLLY" DOESN'T FIT
What Li going to be the "tabloid"
form for saying Oregon-Washington
Railroad and Navigation Company?
Certainly the jjlain people will never
call It by the baptismal name an
nouced this week. How will O. W.
without the hyphen do?
If two- young men of Portland are
wise they will reverse their decision
to go to Mexico and fight on the side
of the revolutionists. Better, far bet
ter, is It to stay at home and Join the
Insurgents. There's more glory and
less danger.
Abe Ruef behind bars? Not yet.
How many years can he keep the case
going before it gets through, the Cali
fornia Supreme Court?
Home Rule for Indiana.
Indianapolis Star.
It is worth while to consider whether
modification of county option along the
Oregon and Washington lines would not
settle the saloon question in Indiana for
ears and practically remove It from
politics. It is at least certain that it
would eliminate the chief source of eils-
ffection with the county option law
namely, the making of "wet citiej
"dry" on paper by sheer force of
numbers In the county as a whole. It
Is also almost Inevitable that any mon
keying with the amount of licenses, num
ber of saloons. Hours or closing or re
monstrance procedure would Introduce
Into the situation fresh elements of con
fusion and controversy.
West Now Tomer and as Effete as New
England.
Sacramento Bee.
Likening the lawlessness of New
York to "the wild and woolly v est.
where every man Is a law unto him
self," was not a very happy use of
a simile by a New York Coroner who
desired to censure his city.
Maybe this was only the employment
of a popular phrase to fit a particular
situation, but it ceased to be founded
on fact at least 40 years ago, and there
fore calls for a few remarks.
Begging the Coroner's pardon, we are
no longer wild and woolly In the grand
old West. We are as tame as the average
citizen, we have as much culture as
the genus New Yorker and our farmers
own Just as many automobiles as the
Eastern brethren; we send our children
to college, teach them to be polite and
hospitable, and occasionally marry our
aughters to a European title; we have :
killed off most of the Indians and out
laws, and the few that remain are either
In jail or drunk. And lastly, be It
known, a man Is safer on the streets of
Sacramento than he Is In New York
and so Is a woman. Just because we
know better how to behave ourselves
About all they can say against us
now Is that we haven't had an aviation
meet worth a fig; that all we get is the
dross from the New York theaters, and
grand opera only once in a decade.
much. He voices the oft expressed be
lief that large election expenditures
"are liable to preclude men of real
merit but of limited means from enter
ing into the gubernatorial race." He
supposes that if expenses were limited
by law, as he thinks they should be,
both as to candidates and committee!,
some way would be found to evade the
law. "I suppose," he says, "we shall
see the elimination of the expenditure
of money for nominations and for elec
tion campaigns when public sentiment
demands It, though legislative restric
tion might accomplish something."
This is undoubtedly the fact. Legis
lative restr'ction Is a debatable refuge,
and does not guarantee results. A law
evaded In secret is a mischievous law.
Publicity, without specific restriction,
promises the most. It keeps the case
squarely before tho voters. They can
make their protest effective and It
cannot be evaded. Public opinion is
the strongest of all laws.
COLORADO SETS PRECEDENT.
Natnre Lovers Get Comfort From Novel
Court Decision,
Brooklyn Eagle.
A recent decision of a Colorado court
ought to have a far-reaching Influence
for the protection of scenic beauties
from defacement, If It shall become a
precedent in other states.
Cascade Is a Summer resort near the
base of the north slope of Pike's Peak.
As its name indicates, waterfalls form
a large part of its attractiveness. Re
cently a water power company diverted
the stream which forms the cascades to
run a power station. The court has
Issued a permanent injunction against
this diversion on the ground that in
creating scenic beauty the water is al
ready being put to beneficial use within
the meaning -of the law, and so is not
subject to condemnation proceedings.
What would have happened if we had
had such a law In this state when Niag
ara was tapped for electric power? Will
the recognition of the commercial value
of scenic beauty go far enough to induce
courts to prevent or to punish its de
struction tor purposes of advertisement?
If you canhot destroy natural beauty to
turn It into power, why should you ha
permitted to destroy It for the purposes
of advertisement? The common sense of
the Los Angeles court,! which held that
a billboard was a puoile nuisance be
cause it was an eyesore, is slowly travel
ing eastward. Perhaps it will reach New
York by another decade.
Apple Paddle Is No .More.
Boston Herald.
When one notes the long list of un
familiar names borne by New England
apples, and reads that apples are sent
by mail from Oregon at the rate of
three for a quarter, one is driven to
wondering whether there are still
toothless grandmothers or great-aunts,
who sit by the ingleside in quiet rural
homes, and eat their apples by the aid
of those little wooden paddles with
which old ladles of the kind were once
wont to scrape the sweetih-sourlsh
flesh of old-fashioned pippins to a
pulp. Perhaps the apple paddle has
gone out with the pippin and the grind
stone, and with the smooth hickory
stick warmed in the oven that served
such ancient dames as a comforting
"bedfellow" of Winter nights.
Balance In Authority Needed.
Denver Republican.
Denger to a state and the liberties of
Its people may arise from too minute
and direct an exercise of popular au
thority, as well as from the usurptatlon
of an ambitious Individual seeking au:
tocratic authority.
The New Mexico constitutional con
vention demonstrated that It appreci
ated this truth more clearly by far than
somo other recent makers and amend
ers of constitutions, who have failed
to recognize the wisdom of maintain
ing that balance of authority which is
best secured through representative
government.
flooHlsm Not Eliminated.
Philadelphia Inquirer.
We have had all sorts of experiments
with primaries. A yet the political
millennium has not arrived, but many
strange things have taken place, such.
as electing Republican Senators from
Democratic states and vice versa, such
as nominating people for high office
who have Imd no experience, etc. If it
Is possible to reform politics by such
methods, by all means let it be done,
but it would be interesting to know
what is the proper way. Bosslsm
thrives under primaries as easily as
under former conditions. The real re
form will come only from the higher
Ideals on the part of Individual voters.
The Ppinrleas Cactus.
Cleveland Plain Pealer.
H was munching ppineless cactus
Whi-n I mot him by.the way.
"It's very good for fxid, he laid.
"I munch it every day.
It tak"s the place of chop and steak.
Of liver and of s"w;
It baa a lot of goodness that
I recommend to you.
"It's acid Is a soothing sort,
lis marrow, too. Is tine:
Th- stem has sixteen virtues, and
Tha skin has twenty-nine.
When mellowed with a dash of cream
It has a strong appeal;
A chctus-s.nd-a-hiilf will maka
A stultifying meal."
I watched him munch th cactus with
A Jaw that couldn't tire,
I fell It was a habit that
I never might scqulre.
I said I'd think It over soon.
And wished the man good day;
Ho mumbled and h grumbled
And he slowly munched away.
NEW PRISON RILES SUCCESSFUL.
Trust in Convicts Found to Pay In Re
formation In Vermont. -
The bold Idea of allowing prisoners
to go outside the Jail alone and work
without guards upon their honor. Is in
successful operation today in Vermont.
"The .policy of trusting the men.
writes F. H. Tracy, Sheriff of ash
lngton County, Vermont, in the Survey.
has won their confidence, for tney ao
not feel, that we are eager to snow
our authority. Our efforts to make
their imprisonment a little less hard
are appreciated. We learn some of the
causes which led to their confinement.
In many Instances by inspiring confi
dence in discouraged men we nave
helped them to turn over a new leaf.
'Some time ago Eorepaugn & eiis
Brothers' circus exhibited at Mont-
pelier. There was not work that day
for 11 men. We purchased circus tick
ets for them and allowed them to go
without an escort. Some had long terms
to serve and the crowd and darkness
furnished an excellent opportunity for
escape. Fifteen minutes after the per
formance was over every one was DacK.
Trust a man in this way and he re
pays the faith placed in him and shows
his thanks by better work and by
rankness instead of eullenness toward
he jail officials.
'For two years no man nas oeen
refused the chance to go outside and
work. Many who were serving a sen
tence of a year have been trustoa in
this way. One man who is serving a
sentence for Jail breaking and who
was caught in Massachusetts after a
search of six months, goes to his work
daily without any restraint save con
science." Tint One Safe Way.
Lansing Republican.
If you climb a tree in Northern
Michigan you are shot for a bear; If
you stay on the ground you are shot
for a deer, and if you are not good at
resisting temptation you're apt to bo
half oho't any time. The moral of thi,
stay home and save up money for
Christmas presents.
Humped !
Philadelphia Inquirer.
In deciding to permit the Interstate
Commerce Commission to regulate its
rates, it looks as though the Pullman
Company had suffered a change of
opinion after being thrown out of an
upper berth.
Cruelty on Snlt Creek.
Baltimore American.
Tha law compelling tho filing of cam
paign expenses is cruel to the defeated
OneS. It IS llKe LlieiU LU LU1U
the knife in the ir own wounds.
Children May Yet Cry For It.
Denver Republican.
When the children of the land dis
cover that a pound of bacon costs as
much as one of candy no doubt they
will begin to cry for It too.
Moral Couruffe.
Chicago Record-Herald.
I can give up tobacco whenever I please;
A man who Decomes Dut a slave to a
habit.
"Who, without a cigar, cannot be at his ease.
Possesses no more soir-controi than a rao-blt.
If I thought I was Injured in any degree
By the smoking 1 do l should quit it this
minute:
The doctor has said smoke was Poison to
mo
But that is all gammon;
in it.
there's no logic
I wish I might go for a long rest somewhere:
I can t seem to sleep any more as i ought
to;
My nerves are unstrung, I got plunged ia
despair
Over trivial things when I know I ought
not to.
If I thought I was smoking too much I
should cease
And never again have the least craving
for It.
If my pipe didn't bring me a sweet sense
of peace
1 should have the good sense and the will
to abhor It.
I have promised my wife to let up for a
week.
Because I've got sick of her fretting and
nagging:
The world has, somehow, become dismal and
bleak.
And. heavens! how slowly the moments
are diasginie
z