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THE MORMXIi. OREGOMAN, TTTTTRSDAY. NOVEMBER 24, 1910.
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HHt O.N-r.VKTIANMIIt r.UU3t.
The effort for a "non-political" cr
"non-partisan" Judiciary i not to bo
abandoned In Oregon. ile.-pite Us em
phatic "repulse at the recent elec
tion.'
Lho
so we hear. It was not so much
non-partisan" movement that
waa repudiated on November 8 as It
aj the humbug and deception sought
to bo practiced on tho ours by a
bogus non-pirtls.-insh!p in the nomina
tion of two candidates who bad been
conspicuously identified with tho
Itomocratlc party, und for whom the
non-partisan scheme had been worked
up from tho beginning, through tho
devices and or".i:ic of practical poli
tics. Tho trote for the four successful can
didates for Supreme Judge was: Fcan,
43.i; Burnett, C3.307; Mciiridc.
60. ISO; Moore, ST. 067. Bean and
Burnett were the nominees of tho Re
publican party; Me Bride und Moore
were the nominees of the Republican
party, and were likewise indorsed by
the "non-partisans." Tho results
would, cn their face, seem to in
dicate the "non-partisan recom
mendation cost Judges Moore and
McBride from 3000 to S000; yet
The Oregonlan does not seek to make
that explanation, or any explanation,
of the pointed stgr.lrirance of these in
teresting Azures, except that the con
spicuous merit of Judge liurnett, and
doubtlevs of Jude Heau, brought them
many votes.
If the voters of Oregon make up
their minds that a Democratic nomi
nee for a Judge is better than tho op
posing Republican candidate, they wilt
elect him. Judge J. W. Hamilton has
thrice been elected Circuit Judge in
the Second Judicial District. Judge
Kradshaw three or four times rfi tho
Seventh District. Judge Calloway twice
or more In the Third District, and so
on. Judge Gatens has now been over
whelmingly elected in Multnomah
County. A Democratic nomination
has In no Instance been a hnndlrap to
llrap to
did not")
lo It. It I
these worthy judges. They did
fear It. or repudiate it. or evad
la no reproach to them that they are
Democrats. We have no "non-parti-
nn" Judiciary In Oregon, and probably
will not have. But we have and will
continue to have a bi-partisan Judi
ciary. TUANKSf.IVTNO DAY.
Ard w maka and kp Tanklvtnr
With tho bl tha houa affards,
Flnro. If w livo. or If o tli.
w kaow w4 ar tAa Lurd's.
Allca Cary.
Away back In lS6i, when the coun
try was In the throes of the Civil War.
the matter of a National Thanksgiving
day was brought to the attention of
President Abraham Lincoln by a body
of eamevt. devoted women, led by
Sarah Josepha Hale, then editor of
Godey's Lady's Book. It is related 'that
the tired lines about the eyes of the
patient, sorely-tried President relaxed
and Into them came an expression
of true gratitude as he expressed him
self as duly and devoutly thankful
that things even in that dark hour of
the Nation's life were as well with it
as they were.
We can well believe that no argu
ment was necessary to Induce him to
Issue the Thanksgiving proclamation
of that year for blessings received And
promised, cnler or w hich was a con
tinuance of our National life. '
Nearly fifty years have passed since
that Thanksgiving proclamation, wet
with the tears and the blood of civil
strife, went out over the land and
each year It has been repeated its
continuance Justified by the fullfilled
promise of National peace and happi
ness, and prosperity that were fore
shadowed In the flr Thanksgiving
proclamation of President Lincoln.
Each and every year since then the
Governor of every state of the great
North And West has followed the Na
tional proclamation of thanksgiving
with a state proclamation Indorsing
the day named by the President as
"a day of thanksgiving and prayer."
"Fasting and prayer" our Puritan
forebears had It; feasting and prayer
It has come to be with ua, with great
stress laid upon feasting, even as In
the olden time it was laid upon fast
ing. Today Is the glad day. and among
, the many blessings that await ac
' knowledgment upon that day the
blessings of peace and prosperity are
Chief.
ABCXDAlrtTB OT SnTPTTXI.
Two large coasting craft have been
chartered to load wheat at Portland
for California, ports at $1.50 per
ton. For more than a year vessels
coming- north from California have
been carrying low-grade freight at II
per ton. Steamers for the Orient have
been carrying whoat across the Pacific
at IS. and recently a sailing ship
brought cargo out from Europe at a
shade less than IS. SO per ton. These
figures do not indicate that Portland
Is experiencing any severe handicap
for tonnage with which to move either
Inward or outward freight. They do
Indicate that Portland has an enorm
ous and rapidly growing maritime
business and such good facilities for
handling It that vessels are willing to
come here and handle the traffic at
remarkably low rates for the service.
So long as the great Inland Empire,
which to a steadily Increasing. extent.
Is making use of Portland harbor as
a tidewater port, has products for
which the world beyond the seas
offers a market, and so long as our
people demand the products which
the ships will bring to -us at such low
cost for freight, there will be no
shortage of facilities for handling it.
Transporting freight by water as well
as by land Is a business proposition.
'Wherever there is business there will
be ships. The owner will At all times
endeavor to secure tho highest pos
sible rates. They will accept free
docksg if the people are willing to
give It to them. They will also accept
tree fuel or anything else that will in-
creaxo their profit?, but all of the
'free" privileges, conveniences and ne
resslrles which w could saddle, on the
Portland taxpayers would not attract
an additional iffl here nor would It
decrease the rates on frlght.
Mayor Simon has appointed an ex
ceptionally comitent public dock
board, but It would be. unfair and un
reasonable for the taxpayers to ex
pect that any use to which they ran
put the $2.500. 000 appropriated for
public docks will ha vi? the slightest
effect In Increasing the shipping busi
ness of the port or In reducing rates.
If the experiment enn be held within
the. $;.300.0no limit It will dmon
strate the futility of the plan so suc
cessfully that we may save the much
greater sum that would be loi-t If we
perilled In believing that we could
tax ourselves rich, even for public
dock.
the wiiiTr. suini".
Tho "white slave" business la likely
to lose some of Its attractiveness in
consequence or tne laic experience
In the Federal Court In this city. It
. . . .... - ! .......Kin. T A V
' uiutrmi to imagine .. . v...... .....
I than the characters ol mo wretcnea
who have been tried and. some of
them, sentenced.
A creature who Is willing to live
upon the proceeds of his wife's shame.
or his children's, cannot be spoken
of as a man. Some tern) of peculiar
Infamy ought to bo invented to apply
to him. He is a social horror. There
l no excuse for his existence and
It Is a pity that the law knows of no
wav to put him out of the world
Next to extinction, the best way to
dispose of such moral monsters is to
imprison them. The long sentences
which Judge Wo'verton Imposed were
Justified in every way. Our only re
great is that lie did not sco his wiry
to make them longer. In a civilized
and Christian country "white slavery'
cannot bo tolerated.
mrvLAR ELECTION OF SENATORS.
Apparently a fair degree of hope
Is found by the friends of popular
election of United States Senators in
a new plan for bringing about such
reform which will be. presented to the
"House of Governors," us the voluntary
gathering formerly known as tho
"Governors' Conference" at tho com
ing meeting in Frankfort. Ky.
In recent years no material diffi
culty has been encountered In a ma
jority of the State Legislatures in ob
taining the adoption of resolutions
favoring popular election of United
States Senators, but the failure of the
Legislatures to take concerted or
even similar action Is pointed out by
William George Jordan, secretary of
the House of Governors, in a recently
Issued pamphlet.
Legislatures In twenty-nine states
have adopted resolutions on the sub
ject and in all but two of the remain-
jo,
in
ft,
g seventeen states some form of
proval of a change in Senatorial
election methods has been indicated
cither through adoption of primary
choice laws or the Incorporation of
popular election planks In party
platforms.
But among the twenty-nine states
that have adopted resolutions the plan
suggested for bringing about the re
form h:is not been identical. Numer
ous states have Instructed their dele
gations In Congress to favor an
amendment to the Federal Constitu
tion providing for popular election of
Senators while other states have
adopted a form of resolution or re
quest which. If concurred in by two
thirds of the State Legislatures, would
compel Congress to call A constitu
tional convention for the purpose of
considering amendments.
These resolutions have attained re
sults in the House where in the past
sixteen years four resolutions calling
for the submission of the amendment
have been passed by the required
two-thirds vote, but In each instance
the Senate has refused or failed to
vote on the resolution.
It Is perhaps well to recite the two
methods provided in the Constitution
for adoption of amendments. The
Congress, by two-thirds vote, may
rropose amendments, or on applica
tion of the Legislatures of two-thirds
of tho states Congress Is required
to call a convention for proposing
amendments, which. In either case,
become valid parts of the Constitution
when ratified by the Legislatures of
three-fourths of the several states, or
by conventions in three-fourths there
of, as one or the other method of
ratification may be designated by
Congress.
Mr. Jordan in his pamphlet virtual
ly concedes that the Senate Is hope
lessly opposed to an amendment pro
viding for popular election of mem
bers of that body. He finds that
seventeen states that have adopted
applications ror tne calling or a con
stitutional convention have disquali
fied through some detail In their reso
lutions or applications. Some of these
details are technical, but he concedes
that the Senate ' would throw them
out on account of the technical dis
qualifications If all applications were
of a number equivalent to two-thirds
of the states.
It Is now proposed that the House
of Governors draft a resolution for
submission to the several Legislatures
which. In form, will be attack-proof
by Congress and (whlch will call for
the summoning of a constitutional
convention to consider amendments.
Forty-two State Legislatures meet
In. 1911. and conceding the' organiza
tion of Arizona and New Mexico,
thirty-two State Legislatures, by
adopting; the proposed resolution, may
make calling a convention to consider
framing an amendment mandatory
on Congress.
On Its face the plan appears feasi
ble, but possibly too great reliance
has been placed on the good faith of
many Legislatures that heretofore
have adopted resolutions Indorsing
the proposed amendment. Just what
percentage of the members of the
legislatures have acceeded to public
opinion because of a reasonable
certainty that " the United States
Senate would disregard the reso
lutions Is not known. Members
of the Legislature In many states
through the adoption of a method of
popular election would surrender a
right valuable from a patronage, po
litical organization and sometimes
monetary standpoint. When a man
datory resolution Is presented, these
Legislatures may disregard their own
precedent.
Some doubt even may be expressed
that the voters In general would ap
prove the calling- of a constitutional
convention unless its labors could be
confined to consideration solely of a
popular election amendment. In any
event, herein lies a plausible excuse
for opposition to an application for a
convention bv the learlslator who Is
jppoed to popular election of United
States Senators for ulterior reasons.
If the House of Governors is suc
cessful in drafting an attack-proof
resolution probably one -of tho most
Interesting results to watch will bo
the "trimming" of Legislatures In
states where there Is now no sem
blance of popular choice of United
States Senator.
M Vtil.NO TIUN3 "FKIIE."
'Free" dentistry in the public
schools, not a costly thing in itself.
pursues the modern plan of making
officluls. Instead of parents, respon
sible for the physical and the moral
welfare of children. Free medhTil at
tention, free books, free luncheons,
are now among the things demanded.
These and more are Included In tho
Socialist programme. Mr. Harzee,
secretary of the Oregon Socialist
party, defends tho "freo" system, in a
letter printed elsewhere. His arguJ
ment logically calls for free food, freo
clothing, free homes, in addition to
free schools. The socialistic scheme
is that of relieving parents from the
burden and the expense of their off-
sj.rlng and of making others pay: of
allowing parents to be mero breeders
and of compelling officials to be the
caretakers; of installing tho state as
monitor and guardian and of making
the Individual nothing.
Education of children at public ex
pense Is one thing; but feeding and
clothing -and supporting them at pub
lic expense is another. Tne two aro
not at all parallel.
Mr. Barzee drifts off into discussion
of "wage system," repeating tho fa
miliar assertion that workeps cannot
solve the problem of existence by
thrift and frugality and that they
must have "all the fruits of their la
bor" with "profits" eliminated. His
error lies In his supposition that labor
is the source of all wealth.
It is the organization and the di
rection of labor that produces wealth.
The man who furnishes the plan, the
brains, the machinery, the capital, is
the chief producer of wealth. With
out him laborers can do nothing. If
they can. why don't they? Opportuni
ties in this Western country are wider
than ever before. The rule holds
good, now as ever, that the men wjio
have done things in this Western
country, whether laborers or direc
tors, have not been soap-box orators.
The director not only Supplies tho
plan and the capital and the material,
but he also studies the markets, at
tends to the cash, and the credits and
pays the labor. He assumes the risks
of failure. The laborers are necessary
to the scheme of course; but more
necessary is the man with the brains
to direct them. Labor alone does not
produce all things, although without
labor nothing would be produced.
Nor would things worth while be
produced without skill and foresight
and Intelligence In planning them.
The man who plans is entitled to his
share of "profit," no matter what So
cialist agitators may say to the con
trary. Men must have profit, present
or prospective, or they will not be
producers. Mr. Barzee s criticism
should be directed, therefore, not so
much at the "system" as at the basic
trait of human nature. Men will not
produce for use, unices for profit
first.
Reverting to "free" things and pub
lic schools It may be added that pub
lic schools have been defended hereto
fore on the ground that they teach
children to become self-supporting
and self-reliant citizens, respectful of
the foundations of society which are
private property rights. But the tend
ency nowadays Is to make the public
schools similar to free foundling
asylums, whither fathers and mothers
may send their offspring for free
things. The old-fashioned virtues of
personal Industry and self-dependence
are rendered otisoietewitn certain
classes. The citizen Is taught that he
need not depend upon himself any
more: government will look .after his
health, food, shelter and rament and
may soon endow him with an old-age
pension, so that he need not save for
a rainy day; also tho Government will
or should shield him from pitfalls of
Improvidence and drink.
This Is the criticism of the public
school system In the direction the sys
tem is now going. Tho Oregonlan
knows that criticism Is useless, but it
deems the drift an evil one and de
serving mention.
TICK COMING DlSSOLl'TION.
British politics under the impulsion
of Lloyd-Georgo and Mr. Asquith,
with some notable help from Mr. Red
mond, has become more "frenchy"
than it ever was before. French par
ties usually profess to follow some ab
stract thesis to Its logical conclusions
in practice. They are nothing if not
rational. The English, on the con
trary, never have made much pre
tense of logic in politics. They have
been unabashed opportunists, doing
what the exigency of the moment
seemed to require and little more. It
has been their statesmen's boast that
they cared a great deal more for the
Immediately practical than for the re
mote and theoretical. Burke was in
the habit of lauding this British char,
acteristlc In his speeches. He thought
It was one of the main reasons why
the British government was so much
more stable than the French. Tenny
son finds an opportunity to ring it into
his verses. He calls upon w to ad
mire the excellent British way of
broadening liberty down "from prece
dent to precedent" in contrast with
the "red fool fury of the Seine."
But now one of the great British
parties, the Liberal, has somewhat
abandoned the traditional insular rev
erence for precedent and betaken It
self to logic. There was nothing in
English history to warrant Lloyd-?
George's attack upon the tax exemp
tion of landed estates. The Idea of
compelling the aristocratic landlords
to help bear the burdens of govern
ment was one which In Its Irreverent
rationality might have come hot from
Paris. In truth It came from America,
but, as Cousin Charlotte would say,
the principle Is the same. The entire
Liberal programme of paternal benev
olence to the laboring man and the
poor Is exotic to England. It Is an
Importation from the Continent, from
France In part and still more from
Germany. The deterioration of the
British population demanded revolu
tionary measures of reform and
Lloyd-George seems to have been
providentially provided' to discover
what to do by studying the legisla
tion of other countries. Apparently
what he has already accomplished is
only the beginning. The new legisla
tion to be passed by the Commons be
fore the expected dissolution of Par
liament will extend the principle of
old-age pensions no as to Include new
beneficiaries. Later a bill Is promised
granting salaries to members of Par
liament and the war against the
House of Lords goes merrily on.
There will certainly be a dissolu
tion unless the Lords promptly agree
to resign thir veto power over bills
coming from the Commons. Should
they do .so the British Parliament
will become virtually a single-chamber
legislature. The Lords will be lit
tle more than a chimera. They can
not bo expected to absent gracefully to
this sort of extinction, but it Is hard
, , now tn(v can e(icape jt. if
they cling to their prerogative there
will be an appeal to the country in
which they are sure to lose. England
understands the issue now as it never
did before. The voters recognize how-
useless it Is to put a Liberal govern
ment in power so long as the majority
of wooden reactionaries in the House
of Lords can block everything it tries
to do.
Mr. Redmond predicts that the ref
erendum will be decided overwhelm
ingly In tho Liberals' favor. Accord-
ng to him the English vote is safo
j while for once Ireland will forget her
factional quarrels and fight as a unit
for the great cause of democracy
The extension of old-age pensions
and the proffer of salaries to members
of Parliament are of course bids for
tho favor of the laborites. The recent
Osborn Judgment, which forbids the
unions to assess themselves to pay
thodr representatives in Parliament,
has embarrassed the labor forces and
excited their bitter resentment. They
demand Immedfafo legislation to re
verse the courts, but Asquith's prom
lse Is all they can hope for. No doubt
It will be sufficient to keep them
faithful to the present government
since from the reactionary party they
have nothing whatever to expect.
Preparations for the new election
have begun already and it promises
to be one of the most Important and
hardest fought ever seen in England,
The Government has let the con-
tract for six torpedo-boat destroyers,
two of which are to have a speed of
30 knots per hour and to cost 1654
000 each. All of the contracts were
awarded to Atlantic Coast yards, a
proceeding which would Indicate that
the Government had abandoned its
former policy of encouraging the es
tablishment and maintenance of yards
on the Pacific Coast. Boosters for the
New Orleans-Panama Exposition have
been endeavoring to create a senti
ment against San Francisco by clrcu
latlng the report that union labor had
ruined the shipbuilding industry in
that city and would also ruiri' the ex
position. It might have been a good
plan to offset the influence of this
story by making a special effort to se
cure at the Bay City yards the build
ing of at least one of these big de
stroyers.
Every county in the state must be
gratified over the get-together spirit
that will be in full blossom at the
meeting of the Oregon Development
League in Salens next week. The
coming year Is fertain to mark the
longest progressive step in the states
history. In the matter of exploiting
our resources and bidding for more
people to make their homes with us.
we are almost free from local jealous
ies. When the great transcontinental
lines whose publicity equipment cov
ers the whole land, and every com
mercial organization work hand in
hand to one purpose, the results of
their effort cannot help but be very
large. More money is likely to be In
vested In Judicious advertising during
the next 12 months than ever before,
and it will be paid back with com
pound interest.
We dare sny the Washington state
officials need all the protection against
book agents they can obtain from the
Board of Control or any other source.
This pest takes an extraordinarily vir
ulent form in the young woman who
entreats her victims to buy a book
In order to help her through college.
It would be cheaper to give nor the
profit she expects to maka and let her
keep the rubbish she tries to sell.
With all the agitation against to
bacco and whisky the revenue they
yield steadily Increases. If the pro
hibitionists were ordinary, sensible
neople this would discourage them.
But nobody would think of calling
them ordinary and some say they are
not sensible. So the war goes on.
Football a a "promoter of amicable
relations between colleges" shines
with a brilliant radiance this Fall.
The love -which Is interchanged be
tween Eugene and Corvallis Is enough
to make the reputation of the game
forever.
The two" big leaders of radicalism
In each jfurty have been cast down
and out and have nothing to say.
Bryan sees his rival brethren win and
Roosevelt sees his rival brethren lose,
although each wrought his mightiest.
Viewed in the light of the suffrag
ette mobs in London yesterday it Is
no wonder that Mrs. Pankhurst found
the United States too slow and too
conservative a community for her spe
cialized devotion to the cause.
October receipts of the Internal
Revenue Department showed an in-
crease of 1500.000 In taxes on fer-
mented liquors. Voting more terri-
tory dry does not check the consump-
tlon of Deer.
Tf 60 ner cent of the boys over 1Z
In Colorado use tobacco, as is alleged,
their mothers should eschew politics
for awhile or make a vigorous cam
paign for enforcement of tho laws.
Press associations and special cor
respondents have disappointed the
reading public by failure to send out
the Colonel's Thanksgiving pro
gramme.
Already there are Indications that
the Democratic party would be In bet
ter working condition if It had a small
majority In Congress Instead of 63.
Oregbn today has reason to be
thankful for abundant harvests and
Industrial peace.
A jury can be depended upon to
make a fine distinction of the many
kinds of murder.'
Just being an American citizen is
a good reason t be thankful.
WHAT THE STATES ARE DOING.
Far Ahead of tbe t!on 'in Practical
Conservation.
New York Times.
It was the editor of" the Outlook not
Its contributing editor who defined
what he called the New Stateism. as
contrasted with the "New National
ism" of Theodore Roosevelt, and who
recognized Woodrow Wilson ns Its
champion.
Governor-elect Wilson, of New Jeriicy.
Is not opposed to Increased efficiency in
the exercise of Federal power. Hut
he wants their efflciencv Increased, not
their number. Tho temptation to In-
crease their number has arlson from
the Inefficient exercise of the powers
reserved to the states. Tim problem
will be solved to the people's atlnfac
tlon when the states reassert thlr
powers In all their vlcor. Just now
the Government at Washington, In
seeking to direct too many affairs in
widely scattered portions of the on-
t,s.rtr, t;,. l,o. ..rinltterf lis
own affairs to
be managed extrava-
eantlv. It la todav in as bad a condi-
tion as any of the states In worse con
dition, even.
While the attention of the Federal
uovernment nag Deen uisiracie..
Its proper concerns, the attention of
the states has been concentrated upon
their own concerns. Thev have cleansed
,,i -.lo-noir,,- th1r Wislatlva halls.
, . ,
uovernors oi states nave jui u
elected upon platforms that pledge
them to initiate, or, if already in
progress, to make more eirecuve mo
necessary reforms which Mr. Roosevelt
urged along Improper lines. Governor
elect Wilson's platform mandate to
secure "tho careful conservation for tho
benefit of all the people of the state
of all water rights and nil natural
resources utiil witHn the control of the
state, by provisions which will effectu
ally prevent their control or exhaustion
by private corporations," Is repeated in
the platform of Governor-elect Dix, of
New York; of Governor-elect Foss, of
Massachusetts, of Governor-elect Plals-
ted, of Maine; of Governor Shafroth,
of Colorado, who Is also Oovernor-elect;
of Governor-elect Hawley, of Idaho, all
Democrats; and of Governor - elect
Eberhart, of. Minnesota; of Governor-
elect Johnson, of California; of Governor-elect
Oddie, of Nevada; of Governor-
elect Vessey, of South Dakota, and of
Governor-elect Mead, of Vermont, who
are Republicans. By their platform
pletlges, by the efforts of bodies of
public-spirited citizens, and by direct
affirmative legislation, it is evident to
day that the individual states have
forged far ahead of the Federal Govern
ment In measures of effective conserva
tion. In the National preserves not
even an efficient fire-fighting service
has been provided, while a sale of pub
lic lands was made last month, equal
to a strip three-fourths of a. mile wide
across this continent, not to small set
tlers, but to syndicates of rich land
holders. Like comparisons may be made of the
active tendencies in the states toward
securing what Governor-elect Wilson
calls " pitiless publicity " of corporate
affairs; the personal responsibility of
corporate directors; equal and just taxa
tion; Juster employers' liability and
workmen's compensation laws, and
primary and ballot reform and corrupt
practices acts all strictly state con
cerns which Mr. Roosevelt In his
speech at Osawatomle lumped together
under the head of the "New National-
sm," as matters Justifying amplifica
tion of the powers of the Federal Gov
ernment, with the Executive as the
steward of the public welfare."
The new and strong leadership of the
Governors will make for harmony of
action among the states. The House
of Governors, which will convene at
Frankfort, Ky., on the 29th of this
month, should be immensely strength
ened by the presence of such men as
Plalsted of Maine, Baldwin of Con
necticut, Harmon of Ohio, Bass, of New
Hampshire, Dix of New York, Foss of
Massachusetts, and Wilson of New
Jersey, who are expected to attend.
The recommendations for strengthening
the organization of their states, which
it is proposed that the Governors shall
embody in messages to their respective
Legislatures, will have a steadying ef
fect upon the more radical states, while
they will urge the apathetic states to
necessary action. For conflicting, mis
chievous and ill-considered laws which
have largely hampered the relations of
the states and their citizens measures
will be framed and presented that will
take account of the varying needs of
states and communities, while applying
harmoniously principles supported and
demanded by the sentiment of all the
people.
By such measures, and executed in
such a way, Woodrow Wilson would
bring to bear the hearty co-operation of
all the states In the work of governing
tbe Nation.
Republic and Democracy.
ORCHARDS, Wrash., Nov. 22. (To the
Editor.) In a recent Issue of The Ore
gonlan you published an article in re
gard to the womenjfc suffrage victory in
this state. The arlliie closes with the
statement or hopewthat there will be
established In the Pacific Northwest "a
true republic and real democracy." Will
you kindly explain the relative meaning
of the words republic and democracy
as used In the above connection? Are
they synonymous7 1 E. B. R.
A "republic" is any government In
which the suppeme power belongs to a
body of men. Instead of belonging to
one man. thus eparta was a repuonc
though it had two Kings; Rome also.
though Its senate was an oligarchic body
and hereditary, and Venice in spite of
th B ' nntt.r
belongs t0 tne people and they may ex-
erclse it directly or through representa
tives. The United States is a represen
tatlve democracy. Switzerland. In some
cantons, has the pure, or direct, form,
Not Gallantry After All.
Manchester (N. H.) Union.
There is, of course, room for question
as to whether the State of Washington,
which has Just adopted woman suffrag
forbade smoking at tho polling places
through deference to the feminine "ele
ment among the voters, or because, con
sidering current reports that women
themselves are becoming inveterate
smokers, the men are atraia ot being
smoked out.
So.
PORTLAND. Nov. 2. (To the Edi
tor.) Is a foreign-born male person
eligible to hold the office of President
of the United States, after having taken
his full citizenship papers: r. R.
Just What Taft Thought.
Richmond (V'a.) Times-Dispatch.
Things do not appear to be going Pin-
chot's way nowadays, and the view Is
growing that the country can get along
very well without him.
SOT READY FOR TOLSTOYISM.
Practical World Will Xot Accept Xoted
Russian! Doctrine.
PORTLAND, Nov. 22. (To the Edi
tor.) Your editorial in Sunday's edi
tion anent "Tolstoi's Pessimism" ap
pealed to the writer as a very force
able presentation of that great Rus
sian's life.
His characteristics embodied in a
lesser intellectual light would have
hen termed frross eccentricities, but
like Napoleon, Socrates, Alexander and
I many Gf the wrold's mental giants,
( the light of genius mellowed those
! characteristics into virtue,
' The great P.us.slan, Whose life has
passed to history, had searched the
realm of human activity, so he thought,
for peace of soul and had found none.
hid delved into the life led by the
young nobility of his class, and found
It, like Solomon of old, to be vanity and
venation, f Turning to the simpler life,
he would have us o'er-leap ourselves
and revert to barbarism. For that is
the Inevitable, destiny of the race that
refns'-s to cultivate tho brain.
m tne peafantry ne round mat tnose
w"" strove jor peace anu jirsLic ...v
who strove for
niin.rilutannf iralnnH nnlv nnnri-imlnn
, . . ,...,,, h.nH '.,, ,,nn,rols
puny man allowed the mighty and
wicked to oppress without interven
tion. )
The world Is rtt ready for Tolstoi's
doctrine, nor very probably will It ever
. . . hllman
race has a mission
to yujfn that no
ecessitates resistance
and the continual employment of the
nnnu. Ills advice to the youth to ror-
aK hf studies. If followed, carries us
back to barbarism-
places the shackles
of slavery on our race and steeps the
mind in Ignorance and superstition.
Liberty is gained through knowledge
by the masses despotism is fought
by stupidity. We do not propose to dic
tate to a mind like Tolstoi's, but if
the grand old man of Russia had real
ized more thoroughly that life is real,
that life is practical, that laws gov
erning man are as immutable as the
world itself, he would have chosen a
different view of the things that be.
W. A. THOMPSON.
EVIDENCE ADEQUATE TO CONVICT
Cripprn Would Have Been Found
t.uilty on Same Testimony Here.
Washington Post.
"There seems to be a general Impres
sion among the people of the United
States that Dr. Crippen was convicted
of murder on inadequate evidence, but
I do not think there is any foundation
for that belief," said Georfte B. Tig
ham, of Manchester. England, at the
Shoreham.
"I was in London at the time of the
trial, and I read the accounts of it very
carefully. The testimony in a big trial
is published in detail in the big London
papers.
"I believe Dr. Crippen would have
been convicted in any court in this
country on the evidence offered. It is
true that the evidence was circumstan
tial, but It seemed to be none the less
convincing. I didn't meet a man while
I was in London who questioned the
verdict of the jury. Since I have been
in this country I have read of the con
viction of a murderer in a Chicago
court, I think on the evidence of his
thumb prints In the house where the
crime was committed. That was cer
tainly circumstantial evidence, and no
stronger, I am convinced, than the evi
dence which was deemed sufficient to
send Dr. Crippen to the gallows."
Solving? the Normal Problem.
Yakima Republica.
As the result of the referendum vote
In Oregon that state will have one nor
mal school to support hereafter instead
of three or four. The referendum is a
clumsy affair, and is distinctly a step
backward from the system of putting
legislation in the hands of representa
tives of the people especially qualified
for the work; but sometimes we think
it should be adopted in a qualified form
in tills state. It may be applied to ap
propriations, under such circumstances
as prevail in Washington, to the great
benefit of the public treasury. We have
several institutions In this state which
are unnecessary, and which owe their
existence and expect to depend for fu
ture maintenance upon a log-rolling sys
tem which is now firmly fastened upon
the State Legislature, but which would
be closed up for good If the people could
pass on appropriation bills. Among these
institutions are two state normal schools.
Hundreds of .thousands of dollars of the
taxpayers' money have been expended
on these utterly useless and enormously
expensive institutions. One good normal
school Is all the state ought to be asked
to maintain.
Becall tVorka Well
Philadelphia Record.
Sometimes unfit men are chosen at
popular elections to positions of respon
sibility through professional control of
primary selection, sometimes as a mat
ter of errant choice on the part of the
voters. It is to provide a remedy fur
such intentional misdoing or uninten
tional mistake that the doctrine of "the
recall" finds popular favor. There are
many who think that the sovereign
people in a state should have the like
privilege with the individual employer
to dispense at will with the services of
an unfit servant. The recall seems to
work very well where It has been tried.
The fact that a bad egg can be rejected
when Its quality becomes known ope
rates as .a fine deterrent in, the process
of original choice.
Parents t S3 Have Ten Children.
New York Tribune.
Race suicide is not fashionable in
Batiscan, a small town in the Province
of Quebec. Edouard Jolicoeur, of Batis
can reached Montreal a few days ago
with his wife and 10 children. The
number Is fairly large, but the fact that
they are five pairs of twins and the
parents are only 23 years old is stran
ger still.
Those Funny London Editors!
Pittsburg Gazette-Times.
Commenting on the statement that
"Bryan doesn't care whether school
keeps or not," a London paper expresses
surprise that even a political defeat
should rendi"r such an Intelligent man
indifferent to the progress of education
in his country. ' As unconscious humor
ists the London editors continue to lead
the world.
Cause and Effect.
Life.
'What went wrong with
your auto
we ask of
while your wife was away?
our acquaintance.
'I did," he replied, sadly.
Dnnamto' the Proofs.
Washington Post.
The report that Peary is to be Min
ister -io Denmark is not backed up by
proofs.
To Sarah Bernhardt.
From the French of Edmond Rostand.
in
the Theater Magazine,
In those dull decades, you alone. O fair,
Pale Princess, yueen oi siuiuae, nave
skill
To wear a lily, wield a sword, and still
The heart a moment, treading a broad stair.
Tou rave and stifle in our neavy air
You poetize, and aie oi love, ana Kill,
And dream and suffer, working your hot
will
On helpless hearers, bound with your bright
hair.
Avid of suffering, you wound us all;
Your plaints are echoed through a troubled
nan.
And down your cheeks 'tis our salt tears
that steal.
And sometimes, Sarah, when your fervent
lips i
Ppell magic, furtively you feel
Tha kiss ot Shakespeare on your anger tips.
LIFE'S SUNNY SIDE
The wit of Bishop Seth Ward amuses
Nashville frequently.
Bishop Ward, In company with twq
Senators, came forth from a Nashville
reception the other day and entered a
waiting motor car.
"Ah. Bishop," said one of his com
panions, "you are not like your Master.
He was content to ride an ass."
"Yes, and so should I be," Bishoji
Ward answered, "but there's no such
ar.imal to be got nowadays. They make
them all Senators." Detroit Free Press.
Professor Blander Matthews, of Co
lumbia, in one of his addresses on the
I drama, said of an unimaginative and
prosaic dramatist
"He it was, I am sure, who in his
youth, on being asked In examination
what Shakespeare meant by the phrase,
"Sermons in stones,' wrote in reply:
" ' When passing by a tombstone you
may learn the name and the-dates of
birth' and death of the departed one,
and also from the inscription a valu
able moral lesson from his or her life.
Walking along a road you may see
from the milestones tho number of
miles to the nearest towns, and thus
acquire geographical information.
Heaps of stones by the roadside indi
cate that repairs are to take place, and
so Indicate a lesson in neatness." St.
Louis Globe-Democrat.
The Musical Doctor stepped into the
shop. His hair stuck out like stiff
straws, and his joy of life was under
his arm. Also, two buttons on his
waistcoat were undone, so there was no
doubt about his being a genius.
"Aha, ahem, ahum!" purred the Mus
ical Doctor, "E string for a violin,
please."
The man behind the counter looked
flustered. He went to the shelf, took
off a small packet, examined it care
fully, examined it again, and then
hesitatingly returned to the customer.
"I beg pardon, sir," he began, dif
fidently, "but this 'appens to be my first
day In the shop, and yer might give
me a little 'el p. The, fact is, there
'ere strings look all alike to me, an' I
can't tell the 'es from the shes!" Tlt
Blts. "X" Beidler, whose namo was John
Xenophon Beidler, or something very
much like that, hut who always was
called "X" and who was one of the fa
mous Montana pioneers, as well as a
vigilante, was out on the plains one
day with Liver-eating Johnson, an
other well-known Montana character,
when they were chased by a band of
Indians.
Johnson had a better horse than "X"
and was soon ahead. He turned sev
eral times and urged Bellder to hurry
up.
"Hurry up, 'X'," he yelled. "Get a
move on!"
"Dod-gast you, Johnson!" shouted
Beidler as he spurred his horse; "do
you think I'm trying to throw this
race?" Kansas City Journal.
Bishop Charles Wr. Smith, at a har
vest dinner In Portland, said of the
harvest spirit:
"The harvest spirit is one of thank
fulness, but there are some crabbed
old farmers who couldn't be thankful
if they tried.
"I said to such an old fellow, as he
conducted me over his farm on a golden
Autumn afternoon and showed me a
record harvest:
"'Well, sir, this year, at least, you've
got nothing, nothing whatever, to com
plain of.'
" T don't know about that. Bishop,"
he answered, with a shake of tha
head. 'I'm afraid there'll be no spoilt
hay for the young calves.' " Detroit
Free Press.
Pointed Paragraphs.
Chicago News.
It doesn't take a very sharp man tfl!
cut a figure in society.
The knocker usually gets his when
the hammer rebounds.
A boss girl may be all right, but SJ
boss wife may be all wrong.
A superior manner is one thing; a sus
perior person Is another.
Only a woman can enjoy being unn
happy because she Is misunderstood.
Some women can look swear words
just as forcibly as some men can say
j them
The average married man often won
ders how his wife can have so much
faith In him.
A woman may forgive a man for
beating her If he did it because he was
jealous of her.
Advice to a girl who would be a
housekeeper: First catch a husband
possessing a house.
Any man can make a fool of himself,
but with a woman's help the job can
be finished much quicker.
States' Rights a Possible Issue.
Toronto Globe.
The great Issue In United States poli
tics during the next decade will be
states' rights. It is not likely to lead
to any serious trouble, such as that
which followed the assertion of states
rights in regard to negro slavery. A
dispute as to whether the National or
the state government shall have the
last word to say regarding the organi
zation and control of Industrial corpor
ations will not be settled by civil war,
but it may result in years of party
bickering and much heated discussion.
The result of the duel, no matter which
side wins, cannot fail to be good, be
cause it will stir up the interest of the
people and arouse the National con
science. The greatest bulwark of lib
erty is an awakened, informed and en
ergized public opinion.
The Best Literature.
James Russell Lowell.
One is sometimes asked by young
people to recommend a course of read
ing. My advice would be that they
should confine themselves to the su
preme books in whatever literature, or,
still better, to choose some one great
author and make themselves thorough
ly familiaj- with him. For as all roads
lead to Rome, so do they likewise lead
away from it; and you will find that
in order to understand perfectly and
jveigh exactly any vital piece of lit
erature, you will be gradually and
pleasantly persuaded to excursions and
explorations of which you little
dreamed when you began, and you win
find yourselves scholars before you are
aware.
Southern Women Trust Husbands.
Montgomery (Ala.) Advertiser.
Washington state has gone on record
as favoring woman suffrage, but it Is far
enough off for the effect to he harmless
In these parts, where . the dear women
have enough confidence in their noble
husbands to turn the affairs of state
over to them.
New Problem of Polling Booth.
Boston Herald.
The State of Washington, having ad
mitted women to the suffrage, is likely,
for the sake of the ladies, to prohibit
the smoking of tobacco in polling places.
But what of the women who insist upon
the privilege of smoking "Just like men"?
"Crackers" Too Busy for Initiative.
Augusta Chronicle.
Under the referendum system of Ore
gon the voters had to vote on 32 ques
tions of public policy. Men in Georgia,
however, have to give their time and
study to making a living.
, m t
!ame Sounds Like Hissing.
Philadelphia Inquirer.
It is entirely probable that Dr. Cooli
doesn't like the sound of Knud Rass
mussen's name any more than we da
ourselves.