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OETLAXD. S-tTCDT. OCT. f. 11.
tuuit Dxr.tw ix easterx
ELECTION.
Many localities ar "Ins-urging"
Ictinat protective tariff, yet all are
mging to their own "protective
iolj." It makes queer spectacle;
l.oreover, an Illogical one. For there
in b no revision, downward, unless
rne districts or Interests shall be
trrlftVed. Tet how fair Is It to cut
I own one duty and not others, or to
it down one more than others, or to
.mlnate one duty and leave others?
makes a big question too big" for
I -1 a Jtepubilcan party or the Demo--atlc
party or the lion-klller returned
l-ora A ar tea.
Now the trick Is to refer the whole
usineas to a tariff commission, so as
adjust the spoils system to the dlf-
rrnce between cost of production at
ome and abroad. This takes the
-oub'e out of present-day political
mergencles to that dreamy, happy
ind. far. far away.
But there la no constant coat of pro-
' uction abroad, any more than In the
nlted States. Besides, cost of pro-
urtlon varies with circumstances.
tth efficiency of management, with
lucre's and brains of business, "with
andards of labor and with what not
:e. It win be Just as absurd to try
-djusting tariff to cost of production
I .broad as it baa proTed at home, even
tore so. Further, the commission
aa no power of aubpeua over forrla-n
Inanufacturers. nor of Inquisition Into
heir business when they are unwlll-
The politicians are Juggling with
hi question In the Eastern elections.
a one district they promise reduction
f the duty that benefits another dls-
Irlct. In manufacturing centers they
romlse big cut In the raw wool sched
ule. In anticipation of the cut. raw
'vool prices In the West are down to
I w basis. But little Is heard of low
;uty on woolen goods In the manu-
lacturing centers; there the cry Is for
Iower-prtced goods at expense of the
'.ockmen. The wool Is cheaper al
ready, but the woolen goods are Just
f a high aa ever and the quality la In
terior. Democrats try to make low
l:ulie their "Issue," yet their polltl-
Linj are careful to consider the man-
ifacturtng districts of the powerful
Eastern States In turn and also the
-uirar. hemp, tobacco. Iron and cotton
tnlll Interests of the South.
Meanwhile the cost of government
a enormous, nor will It be cut. The
a riff at present Is Just about balanced
to as to provide sufficient revenue.
trhe people are deluded by the idea
-hat revision downward Is going to let
-hem off easier for taxes. But who la
o pay the billion-dollar cost of the
'ederal Government unless the peo
ple?
Spellbinders of both parties are try
ing to charm Eastern voters with the
uirar-coatd fallacy of protective
I tariff. The people of each locality
md interest are conscious of the fal
lacy and of the special Interest and
I privilege it "engenders." yet think they
nre going to get some advantage out
of It for themselves.
This will all end arone day, but It
I takes the American people an lnsuf-
Iferably long time to reach the end.
Right now It looks as If they will turn
lone party out and put the rival party
in power In Corgress In order to
I reach, by some magic, the unattain
able goal of aauisfactory and Just pro
tective tariff.
MME I-ACLXS Or THE PKESS.
In speaking of the difference be
tween America and Australian news
papers. Colonel Iteay, of the latter
country. -iy he finds It difficult to
believe that all the charges of corrup
tion which are made In our press
against public officials are true.
Many Americans experience the same
difficulty. The whirlwind of accusa
tions which the Kaatern papers are
making to disturb Mr. Roosevelt's se
renity Is a case in point. They charge
hire with the same dire ambitions
which Brutus attributed to Caeoar.
He wishes to overthrow the republic,
to make himself monarch of the
country, to destroy the Constitution
and set tip a reign of personal abso
lutism. If these papers are telling the
truth. Probably they are perfectly
sincere In expressing their apprehen
sions, but no sensible person pays
much serious attention to them.
Kvery Intelligent citizen west of
Broadway knows that It is utterly
Impossible for Mr. Itooevelt or any
other man to make himself the un
constitutional ruler of the 1'nlted
States, and therefore he reads the
tirades upon the subject with an In
dulgent, perhaps a slightly contemptu
ous, smile.
It Is precisely the knowledge that
their uproar will not be taken serious
ly which mnkes some of our more
frenzied Journals all the more out
rageously noley. Knowing that mild
accusations will be discredited, owing
to the sources they come from, the
writers try to reinforce them with
frantic adjectives, with wild prophe
cies of disaster and sometimes with
outright falsehoods. The care of an
evangelist who falls to rouse the sus
ceptibilities of his audience Is fairly
parallel. To deepen his effect he
raise) his voice, emphasises his epi
thets and darkens the hues of his
word pictures; but the more he raves
the less he accomplishes. Uproar and
hysteria defeat their own purpose.
The simple fact Is that some news
papers have not yet learned the po
tency of understatement. They Imag
ine that the blacker the paint they
us the greater the psychological ef
fect of their picture, but this is an
error. Our officials are upon the
whole bo worse than those of other
rountrVaa. but a good many of them
rt, bo, perfect fcy any mean. They
have serious faults which need rebuke
and correction, and In the mistaken
effort to rouse the public to estimate
these faults properly some newspapers
fly Into a frenxy of calumny and in
discriminate vituperation. Naturally
they thus discredit their own cause
and by making charges which cannot
be proved they really provide the
best of ail defenses for dishonest pub
lic men. If. aa Colonel Ray says, the
Australian papers do not commit this
error they are envlsble Indeed. It
saems likely that some of ours will
require several years yet to learn the
lesson of moderation and restrained
statement.
roritnz.v uH Rf A DAT.
Mr. Bowermsn served as State Sen
ator at Salem In the sessions of 105.
107 and 1909. In the last named,
he was President of the State Senate.
He has throughout been most active
and Influential In the state's legisla
tion. Through his talent for leader
ship be haa been at the front of many
Important contests. He la ,not a
trimmer, nor a compromiser, nor a
dodger. He is in alt things Independ
ent, outspoken, frank and courageous.
It Is a remarkable testimonial to -his
fine personal qualities that he won
the respect and confidence of ail his
colleagues of every political faith. His
fellow-legislators of 1J0S, 1107 and
I0 are today the most willing and
the most competent witnesses of Mr.
Bowerman's large capacity and gen
uine integrity.
The detractors of Mr. Bowerman
are inspired entirely by poUtlcal mo
tives, colored by selfishness and mean
ness. They have produced many In
nniinni ahotit hi leKislative record
with particular reference to his rela
tions with the corporations. Take, for
example, that contemptible story
about his opposition to the proposed
bill limiting the hours of continuous
employment for railroad men to four
teen. Great prominence has been
given In the Bourne-Chamberlain
press to Bowerman's alleged opposi
tion to this measure and he Is ac
cused of havln killed the bill In com
mittee. The statement Is not true; nor
Is It true that he was at any time
moved by purposes of hostility toward
any measure desired by railroad
employes.
The unadorned facts are briefly
that the measure was referred to the
105 Senate committee on revision of
laws, of which Bowerman was a
member. It was reported to the Sen
ate without recommendation. In
final passage the bill failed to pass
by a vote of six ayes to twenty-two
nays.- Bowerman voted no. So did
three of the five Democratic members
of the Senate. Bowerman's reasons
for opposition were that he had not
become convinced that the bill was
desired by the railroad men. In 1907.
however. It became obvious that the
railroad employes wanted the bill en
acted. It was enacted, and passed the
Senate, largely through Bowerman's
aid, by vote of twenty-two ayes and
even nays.
This la the whole story almply and
briefly told. The fourteen-hour bill
today on the statute books of Oregon
Is due largely to the efforts and
friendly attitude of Mr. Bowerman.
It Is strange that the publicity organs
of the Bourne-Chamberlain machine
should persist in the manufacture of
falsehoods so easy to confute and
explode.
THE ANARCHISTIC SOCIALIST.
A Socialist In Tacoma may lose his
eitlsenship for having denounced the
Constitution and the Federal Govern
ment Thar, are manv different
shades of socialism and some of them
are the same as anarchism; in tact,
anarchism Is a form of socialism. Such
statement as this wll stir the Ire of
some Socialists, but it Is none the less
true. The Tacoma anarchist would
resent any brother's effort to read
him out of Socialist ranks. One of the
great faults of the cult la that of
Ita vag-ua theory and abstractions. In
a current magazine a Socialist writer
aye: "Socialism would not diminish
private ownership of the fruits of an
tntWHiiara lnhor nor does it seek to
curtail anyone's privileges of enjoying
In full the fruits or nis inausiry ana
thrift."
Such a writer does not know the
forces he la quibbling over. Socialism,
If It means anything, means the ad
ntiniairation bv the state of all means
and sourres of production and distri
bution. It aims at tne run equaliza
tion of nronertv and wealth among the
Individual of the state, which, wher
ever attempted hitherto, has Deen
equalization of Indolence, and laziness
and "living off the state."
Socialism, some authorities may
think, means private property In their
goods and "equalization" of the other
fellow's, but that la an arrangement
hardly practicable or reasonable. The
have-nots" don't believe in that kind
of Socialism. A good many of them
are anarchists Uke the patriot brother
In Tacoma.. Most of them conform
with the laws and accept the view that
their reforms can be. accomplished
only under the Constitution. The
point for present notice is that the
Tacoma brother Is a Socialist and that
attempts to "read him out" and repu
diate him will be futile.
SrPr.KLATrVB KEXFISHXEftS.
A census enumerator recently knocked at
the door or a modest, but wall kept cottage
In the worktnsmea's quarter of CleTelaad.
Unit. A woman opeae1 the door.
The census ntn! Com right Into the
klti-hi-n end I'll talk to rou while I am
finishing- n; mornlnc work. Stt down. Tou
go back to Washinston and tell the man
that nt you here that I can't afford to
bur meat mora than oaca a day; that my
huiband ran t afford to bur a new suit;
that the price of stoCkta and underwear
and even ahert and pUlow case la so blith
that we can't afford to bay them. Tell
Mm that I hare three little (Iris in school
and that ordinary eo ton seoda costs ao
much mora thla rear than last rear that we
have to aalrap and ecratch and aava every
penny to make them look decent.
"Now that Is nil the Information you are
fk'ing to get from ma." she panted.
This anecdote was published In
August World's York and tells the
story of thousands of women In the
United States, and In Oregon, whose
husbands are worklngmen. It Is part
of an article on the cotton schedule
of the new tariff law. In that article
It Is charged that the new schedule,
which increases the duty In some In
stances several hundred per cent, was
prepared and submitted to the Senate
committee by representatives of the
cotton mill trust.
Jonathan Bourne. Jr.. Senator from
Oregon, is president of the Bourne
cotton mills, of Tiverton, R. I., which
have paid as high as 49 H per cent In
annual dividends. He voted for the
trust schedule on cotton goods In the
face of Information publicly given In
the Senate that all the cotton mills
of New England had paid for them
selves In twelve years In dividends.
The price of cotton goods has an
Important influence on the general
welfare, and In the enactment of the
tariff law opportunity was given Sen
ator Bourne to show his attachment
to the interests of the public. Tet he
placed self-interest on the highest pos
sible pinnacle. He voted to -Increase
the duty- on the goods he manufac
tures, that a greater price might be
charged the worklngmen when they
buy dresses for their wives s.nd chil
dren, and that more dividends might
be added to his Inflated Income.
Now comes the senior Senator from
Oregon, with this record behind him,
and says to the people of Oregon:
"If you believe that general welfare
rather than selfishness should be the
motive power of government, then
defeat In the general election every
assembly nominee."
That Senator Bourne knows the
difference between general welfare
and selflshnej The Oregonlan con
cedes. But he has placed a small
gauge on the acumen of the voters of
Oregon. General welfare and individ
ual sclflshnesa are the opposing issues
of the campaign; for selfishness Is per
sonified . In the Bourne-Chamberlain
machine, and the peonle of Oregon
know It,
CCBB THE TAXE.iTEilS.
City officials think they need great
Increase of revenue for their next
year's operations. Their "estimates"
total more than 3.250,000 an In
crease of some 60 per cent over this
year's expenditures. Mind you, this
Increase is for officials and their
deputies and sub-deputies. Streets,
sidewalks, sewers, water cost extra.
Nearlly every department needs
"more" for its extending reach.
The free employment bureau, that
started out cheaply and harmlessly a
short while ago, finds Its needs ex
panding. The sealer of weights and
measures sees his duties enlarging and
himself in need of additional "help."
The Plumbing Inspector thinks he re
quires nearly twice as much money
next year. The free, museum Is also
set down for "more." The Building
Inspector wants his 1910 revenue
trebled In 1911. Fire department, po
lice department, street cleaning de
partment, engineering department,
park department, all need big "filling"
for their lusty appetites
It all goes to vindicate the old-time
maxims of growing extravagance of
governmental administration and
waste of public officialdom. Portland
will not have increased in population
nor wealth 60 per cent next year over
this. Besides taxpayers are paying out
huge additional sums for improve
ments of many sorts.
The Council should prune the "rec
ommendations" sharply. Officials are
outreachlng the public. This Is a
growing and thriving city to be sure,
but it needs continual protection from
the voracious appetite of Its function
aries. All this should be a warning- to tax
payers against ' the public docks
scheme, which they are asked to au
thorize with an initial bond issue of
$1,600,000. The extravagance and
wastefulness of docks maintenance
and officialdom will add heavily to
tax burdens. The needs and the de
mands of public docks will grow be
yond limit. The Increasing needs of
the free employment bureau, the
Building Inspector, the Plumbing In
spector and other functionaries who
began with small expectations, will be
small and Insignificant by comparison.
This city ousht not to "go the pace"
in taxation that its office-holders
have set. The time is here and now
to put on the brakes..
AX rRRETKGSSIBLS OOXrTJCT.
Most emphatically must there be by
the voter a close comparison of meas
ures and aideep consideration of pos
slble conflict before exercising the in
estimable privilege of the initiative at
the polls in November. For example:
At the head of the list of measures
will be the amendment enfranchising
all women citizens of the state. Far
ther down in the Hat comes the offi
cial gaxette bill, which provides for
publication by the state of a magaslne
every two months on fads and fancies
In Government. In the latter it Is
provided that only the registered head
of a family or a registered voter who
is not a member of a family shall be
considered a subscriber and entitled
to a free copy of the gazette.
Let us contemplate the result of
the enactment of both:
Do we not all now know how the
head of the family monopolizes the
morning paper at the breakfast table
and often carries it to- the office In
his pocket, fashion page, society page
and allT So would It be with the
official gazette. It would be father's
magazine, for he is the head of the
family. His would be the right, every
two months, to sit by the fire all
evening closely persuing accounts of
the workings of proportional repre
sentation In the cantons of Switzer
land.' Mother, also a voter, might be
in nervous tension waiting to read
what a model of success is govern
ment In the matriarchy of Nalrs, and
daughter,- too, a voter, be on pins and
needles to learn from the gazette
whether a law In Olkahoma prohib
iting hobble skirts had been effective.
Here Is danger menacing' the fabrlo
of society and as a defender of har
mony at the hearthstone The Orego
nlan must protest.
SMALL WATEBWAYS AVU CROPS.
Citizens of the Umpqua Valley are
earnestly urging such Improvement of
the Umpqua River by lock and dam
construction as will render It avail
able for purposes of local transporta
tion of farm, orchard and dairy prod
ucts. There are, as Is well known,
wide and fertile areas in Douglas
County traversed by the Umpqua
River that are not In touch with any,
except a necessarily limited local mar
ket. The Southern Pacific Railway
passes through the Umpqua Valley,
but cannot las said to serve It, except
In a restricted sense, since it has no
feeders bearing out Into the country.
The I'mpqua Is a brawling stream,
fei by the snows of the Sisklyous and
the annual rainfall. Whatever possi
bilities lie In Its waters for transporta
tion purposes, are dissipated by per
iodical freshets. Its utilization for
purposes of transportation is forbid
den by this fact and In Its present
state by rapids and shoals. Whether
these natural obstructions to naviga
tion can be overcome by the proposed
lock and dam construction Is a ques
tion that cltlsens of Douglas County
are urging the officials of the Govern
ment engineers office In. this city to
consider.
It will be recalled in this connec
tion that the argument! now being
urged In favor of Improving the Ump
qna River In the Intereata of the farm
ing section through which it flows.
were urged for a number of years In
favor of the improvement of the Yam
hill River by the construction of locks
and dam at Lafayette. Finally, after
many discouragements, Hon. Thomas
H.. Tongue, then Representative in
Congress from this district, secured
an appropriation for that purpose and
construction was ordered begun and
prosecuted through some years to
completion. The result has not Justi
fied the expectations entertained or
expense Involved. There Is -absolutely
no freight moving by way of the
Yamhill River from the farming dis
tricts and It was urged the river if
Improved as above noted, would serve.
The improvement remains, guarded
by a Government caretaker, a monu
ment to the loyalty of the citizens of
Yamhill County to their waterway, not
without having fulfilled their hopes of
waterway transportation.
The question of transportation from
farm to market Is being solved In
quite another way In the Willamette
Valley. Electric lines are reaching
Into the farming regions that lie along
the Tualatin and Its tributaries, the
Tamhlll and Its tributaries, the Santi
am and Its tributaries, the Molallla,
the Clackamas and their tributaries,
with a certainty that the handicap
which the sections drained by these
streams has long carried vill In due
time be removed. The waters of these
streams will be utilized where nature
has paved the way with falls for the
generation of power to move cars.
Thus working In conjunction with na
ture, not striving against the barriers
to transportation that she has set up,
her forces will be harnessed to the
relief of the farming districts that
long have suffered and clamored for
a market.
The Yamhill River, a limpid stream
of shallows and deeps In Summer, a
brawling torrent in Winter, has not
been made navigable above Lafayette
by the construction of the dam and
locks. The question of transportation
In the fertile Yamhill Valley awaited
the coming of the electric railway, the
promise of which now borders upon
fulfillment. This will probably bo the
solution of the transportation prob
lem in the Valley of the Umpqua, In
stead of by the improvement of the
Umpqua River by the Government
through the construction of dam and
locks.
This is certainly a fair conclusion
In the light of the example quoted,
wherein a small stream of varying
deeps and shallows and of a tortuous
channel, overflowing its banks in
riotous exuberance at one season of
the year and shrinking to the dimen
sions of a mill race at another, after
the expenditure of many thousands of
dollars by the Government, is still not
navigable, while those who pinned
their faith to It for so many years
as a solution 'of their transportation
problem now look to its rapids which
they once sought to have eliminated,
as a means of generating electrical
power for moving their crops by rail.
If the United States Government has
learned this lesson from this and sim
ilar examples. It Is not probable that
the construction of dam and locks In
the Umpqua River will receive favor
able consideration.
British Justice Is swift and terrible
and the difficulty encountered by mur
derers in escaping is often commented
on. Last week, however, at least one
American murderer had no reason to
complain that the American courts
wore slower than the British, for the
respective Juries that tried Webb in
Portland, and Crlppen In London,
made nearly an even break with about
thirty minutes of deliberation. The
only advantage the American murder
er has Over the foreigner, after the
Jury gets through with him, Is In the
length of time he is spared before all
of the resources of the lawyers are ex
hausted. It Is much more than a safe
prediction that the death penalty will
be administered to Dr. Crippen long
before the neck of Mr. Webb, the
Portland murderer, is In any Immedi
ate danger. .
The formal retirement of Judge
George H. Burnett from the circuit
bench of the Third Judicial District
after an Incumbency of eighteen years
took place in Albany last Tuesday. A
popular Jurist, lu the best sense of
that term. Judge Burnett asks the
suffrages of the district he has served
so long for election to the supreme
bench of the state. That he will se
cure the Judicial promotion sought
can hardly' be doubted.
1 -
The scheme of clearing land by pull
ing up tall timber, root and branch,
with a donkey engine seems to be a
failure. But. for all that, farmers
need not go back to the old plan of
using dynamite. The process of "char
pitting' 'has been tried in many places
and is successful wherever It Is supple
mented with a little Intelligence.
It Is good news that the Portland
Theater of gingerbread fame is to be
torn down. It was always a hoodoo,
and no theater attraction however
good in merit will ever bring unwill
ing audiences to it. Portland women
were afraid of. the building and with
out women patrons a theater might as
well be closed.
' The Democratic candidate for Gov
ernor of Massachusetts says the cost
of living is one-third higher in this
country than in Canada. That is be
cause tha bill "of fare is better. When
the Canadians forsake the dried pea
soup and kindred diet they will have
to pay more for the blessing of living.
This is not a good region for work
by the Australians who are here to
proselyte among the farmers. The
Island continent is too far off for the
disgruntled settler who would hook
up and drive back to stay with the
wife's Tolka
One man, named Cherrlngton, at
Dallas, says he would sather vote for
a horsetltlef than an assembly candi
date. If Cherrlngton will let the pub
lic know the candidates he is going
to vote for, the decent voter can gov
ern himself accordingly.
One charm of Intercollegiate foot
ball Is Its name "American." Rugby
and soccer football are not popular In
this country because they belong to
"British" tport. That's all.
The Port of Portland Commission
Is In line for a lot of. trouble.
New York teamsters put "ginger"
Into their strikes.
Brussels anarchists had tha Kaiser
on the run. '
Foraker is getting old and "tetchy."
PROHIBITION" I A SMAXI. TOWN
At Cra at a Paw. Or, More I.I q nor and
Taxes, aad "Staff" Bought Elaewhere.
Oregon (Grants Pass) Observer.
Let us review the prohibition of In
toxicants In Josephine County since
that system was Inaugurated by popu
lar vote In 1908. Tbe law was put in
force on July 1 of that year, and the
licensed saloons were thence out of
business. But there were a great many
people, nearly half the'populatlon, who
Indulged mora or less in alcoholis
beverages, and these people were not
willing to accept the prohibition order
of their fellow-cltlzcns. The near beer
saloons Immediately following tha
licensed saloons were well patronized,
but many persons preferred to obtain
their supplies reputably. For some of
these Portland and San Francisco were
the main sources of supply. Numerous
others preferred the social glass over
the saloon bar. and found the conditions
favorable at Woodville, In "wet" Jack
son County, Just across the county line
from "dry" Josephine, eight miles from
Grants Pass.
Woodville did not count much on the
map two years ago. It was little
known, and yet there was a fine fruit
and agricultural district surrounding It
waiting to be discovered. Grants Pass
visitors did the business. They inaug
urated a steady flow of money from
Grants Pass to Woodville, and a steady
flow of empty bottles back to Grants
Pass. Incidentally, the valuable re
sources of Woodville became known.
Grants Pass money, however, had
prompt influence. The little Woodville
hamlet of two years ago Is now an In
corporated city. The little burg needed
only a start, and the "dry" conditions of
Josephine County supplied It.
e e
Without going Into the unfailing ex
perience of all communities that hav
endeavored to prohibit the use of in
toxicants by law, let us have a look at
Grants Pass since , It became "dry."
The year 1909 was the deadest year ever
known In this city. There was a well
intentioned "dry" administration, but
nothing could balance the collapse of
trade. There was 100 per cent Increase
In city taxes, and at the end of that
"dry" year an increased debt of $7000,
with absolutely nothing to show for the
large expenditure. The taxpayers re
volted at the end of 1909, and elected a
progressive administration. The retir
ing City Council left to the new Council
an additional 60 per cent of city taxa
tion. Two years of prohibition Increased
the direct city taxes of Grants Pass ex
actly 150 per cent and other taxes were
pushed.
, e e e
The 1910 City Council constitutes a
business administration, backed by the
leading business men of Grants Pass
not passively, but actively. Much has
been done. Grants Pass has assumed
city airs with pavement and generous
lights. There have been large pay rolls
but dull business. Too much money
goes to Woodville and Medford. There
is no prohibition that can prevent a
class of working . people In a "dry"
town from spending their savings In a
"wet" town. Not all for "wet" goods,
but with tha freedom to purchase "wet"
goods a first consideration. So It was
with a bunch of Josephine miners who
came to Grants Pass a while ago for
supplies. They didn't buy them here.
Medford got the trade. Medford has
grown big and fat by reason of the mis
taken policies of Grants Pass and Ash
land. e e e
What about the moral effect of prohi
bition on .the youth of the community?
There Is no need to philosophize on this
question, but facts are always valuable:
Under tha city ordinances of Grants
Pass, a heavy penalty was Imposed for
the selling of liquor to minors. It was
a righteous law, and a few convictions
under it speedily ended that abuse up
to the passing of county option, which
overruled the city ordinances. Under
the county option law, any boy or girl,
or woman or man, has a legal right to
purchase intoxicants. Otherwise the
informers who were here last year dare
not report. It is the sellers who are
liable to penalty. The youth of Grants
Pass perfectly understand this. There
was a little company of them about a
year ago who Indulged In splritous
liquors on Saturday nights, all minora
The same thing is reported from all the
dry counties of the state. The liquor
of Grants Pass boys was obtained pre
sumably from Portland dealers, and re
quired only a signed order and $3 In
closed for a gallon of whisky. Under
the saloon system this traffic In gal
lon was not previously known her,
probably because of wholesale and re
tall restraints. Anyhow, boys of Grants
Pass, as in other dry towns, obtained
liquor supplies, and there was a little
Saturday night Jollification inaugurated
It developed, and presently the, night
policeman took a hand. He sought
to capture one 01 tne soys, dui iaiiea,
probably willingly. There were in this
bunch of boys the sons of some of the
best families In Grants Pass. Th city
ordinance enforced by the police, put
a bar on this wrong. County option
lifted the ban and the boys continue to
pass under. But, after all, when a
Grants Pass youth hits the train for
the Oregon University or any other
higher training school, and is piled up
on his own resources, is it better that
be should know something about the
evils that threaten him, or be perfectly
ignorant of his danger?
Regarding the rural districts of Jose
phine County, th gallon parcel has
been in open evidence these past two
year. People who formerly drank 3 or
4 br cent beer ar now drinking 40
to 60 per cent whiskies, and It isn't
good for tliem.
Woodrow WlUoa Lend Applause.
New York Evening Post.
Woodrow WilBOn's travels are not
all devoted to the straight talk that is
expected to land a Democratic Govern
or at Trenton. The candidate gets
many a good laugh along with his
work. One of the best came when a
rural supporter, in the course of an In
troductory speech the other night,
shouted:
"Fellow citizens, I tell you that the
Republican Administration In this glor
ous state (cheers) spent more money
than King Pavld used up la his entire
reign over Israel."
The next day, near Tom's River, the
Wilson automobile broke down.
'This is my chance to make the rest
of you feel what it's like to be a cam
paigner,' said the nominee.
Each newspaper correspondent in the
party was led to the back seat of the
motor oar and made a speech, while
Wilson at In the front row of roadside
Stumps and led the applause. .
Harvard Bey and King Manuel.
Boston Herald.
Reginald M. F. Townsend. Harvard
11, eon of Laurence Townsend, formerly
Minister to Portugal, takes a live inter
est in the fate of King Manuel II., late
ly doposed In Portugal, because the
young Harvard student knew the King as
a boy, had a "scrap" with him In which
the royal belligerent lost a front tooth,
and had a pony race with him In which
T-rwmnA van Ihrnvn nnil Rd harilv hurt
that he lay HI In the palace two weeks.
the Queen rrequeniiy aitenaing mm per
sonally. "I knew Manuel for four years
during our residence from JS96 to 1900 at
the American Legation in Lisbon," says
Mr. Townsund.
President Taft Gains More Weight.
New York Sun.
The President, notwithstanding his
golfing -and strenuous gymnasium work
this Summr. la going back keveral
pounds heavier than when he arrived
on the North Shore about July 1.
INITIATIVE AND REFERENDUM MEASURES
fd Construction That Home Kule Bill Permit Cltle to Govern Thfm-
I. All Criminal Matter I Unwarranted Bad Feature Found la Ab
Forced
sence of Minimum Limit of Population for Self-Regulating Town.
ARTICLE NO. 10.
For constitutional amendment eivlnj to
eltlea and towns exclusive power to li
cense, regulate, control, suppress, or pro
hibit th sale of intoxicating liquors within
th municipality.
38 Yes.
, 8J8 No.
The foregoing lr the title of a meas
ure submitted by the Greater Oregon
Home Rule Association and In this title
what was undoubtedly the Intent of the
framer of the amendment is distinctly
stated by the Attorney-General.
It was not the intention of the As
sociation to present an amendment that
would permit any city to regulate its
internal affairs In all matters of crim
inal legislation, but able lawyers have
come forward with the argument that
the amendment.. as worded would. If
adopted, give that right to every Incor
porated city In the state. In other words
that It would remove the restrlcttons
now on cities In the matter of permitting
gambling, operation of poolrooms,
bookmaklng on horseraces and simi
lar vices prohibited by general statute.
Equally able lawyers assert that such
construction cannot properly be derived
from the proposed amendment and The
Oregonlan Is of the opinion that tbe
weight of argument is on the side
of the latter.
The amendment. If adopted, would
simply alter the present operations of
the local option law by making each
city and town a unit having exclusive
power to license, regulate, control, sup
press orprohibit the liquor traffic Bo
far the city or town unit was Involved
the local option law would be appli
cable. Local option elections could
be Inaugurated and conducted In the
manner provided in the local option
law with the exception, that "gerry
mandering" of precincts within a city
would not be permitted. In a local
option election the whole city .or town
would have to vote on the question
whether it should be "wet" or "dry."
City precincts known to have a pre
ponderance of "dry" sentiment could
not be combined with an adjacent pre
ponderance of "wet" sentiment and the
"dry" precincts force the salooons out
of the "wet" precinct, as Is now pos
sible. The county unit, so far as
JUDGE DIMICK'S PLEA FOR
Former Opponent would Help Elect
Bowerman la Interest Primary Law.
Eugene Register.
Grant E, Dlmick, who was Bowerman's
closest opponent for (governor in the pri
mary election, made an able address at
Rainier the other night in support of
Bowerman in which he declared that:
"If tha people would preserve their di
rect primary law, let them not fall Into
the trap of Its enemies. Republicans who
voted In the primary election must abide
by the results. Otherwise its effects will
be weakened and the brand of Inefficiency
placed upon It. I appeal to all friends of
the primary law and those who supported
ma for Governor In the primary campaign
to ratify the choice of the people Jay
Bowerman and the other nominees of the
party.
"Jonathan Bourne, not Oswald West, Is
the man that Jay Bowerman and tha Re
publican party has got to beat at the noxt
election." Judge Dlmick added. "Bourne
la the man who is making this vicious fight
for West. His object la to safeguard his
seat In tha United States Senate, whore be
has failed to make good."
IMmlck Is right and every Republican
who is loyal to the primary law knows
Dimlck Is right. It is not the class of
Republican aspirants for office ' who,
when beaten at the direct primary elec
tion, get mad and come out Independent
that are the real supporters of the pri
mary law; on the contrary, they are re
pudiators of that law and none, know
this better than they themselves. It is
men like Dlmick who, though he was op
posed to the assembly and ran as an
anti-assembly Statement No. 1 candidate
for Governor against Bowerman at the
primaries and was a close second in the
race. Is not only a loyal Republican, but
a clean-cut defender of the primary law
when he asks the voters of this state to
stand by Bowerman as the choice of the
primary for Governor. He does not be
come a political hybrid and run off after
strange political gods in an effort to be
elected when he was beaten by the peo
ple at the polls for the nomination, the
place where the voters. In 'the exorcise
of their rights under the primary law,
are empowered to say whom they want
as candidates for office, the very thing
for which the primary law was rramea.
Dimlck. Hofer and Abraham, each of
whom sought the place that Bowerman
landed, have proven their party loyalty
and loyalty to the direct primary law by
not only supporting Bowerman but by
denouncing those who repudiate the law
by refusing to stand by the mandate of
the people at the polls In naming candi
dates for offlee, and come out as inde
pendent candidates or tack on as tails
to the Democratic kite.
gave a Fifth and Get Rica.
N. Y. Cor. Kansas City Star.
ti.. n.Kara f tha Rock ef eller Bi ble
class of the Fifth-Avenue Baptist
Church were warned that if they spent
more than one-fifth of their incomes
for rent they were guilty of improvi
dence. The young men were advised to
divide their total earnings as follows:
One-fifth part for food.
One-fifth part for shelter. .,
One-fifth part for clothing", recreation
and self-improvement.
One-fifth part for emergencies, such as
doctors' bills, drugs, eto.
Oneflftn should be set aside for profit
able investments.
The speaker was Rev. Addison Moore,
leader of the class. A member of the
class lnteruppted the leader to ask:
"How about a man with a small sal
ary and five or six children to keep?
Do you think he can live up to those
figures? Do you think he has any
chance to lay aside one-fifth of his In
come for profitable lnvestmentsT
"There are exceptions to every rule,
of course," replied Dr. Moore.
General Verbeck, American Samurai.
Human LiSe.
General William Verbeck, the re
cently appointed Adjutant-General of
New York, succeeding General Nelson
H Henry as the chief officer of the
National Guard of the State of New
York, might almost be called an Ameri
can Samurai. Born in Nagasaki,
brought up in the strictest military
discipline, by the time he had arrived
at maturity, his skill In the game of
war was unquestioned, and he had
made himself an adept In handling Jap
anese weapons, even the short 2
handled sword, which demands such
lightning-like dexterity and swiftness
of eye and hand.
General Verbeck remained in Japan
until 18 years of age, always in a mili
tary environment, coming, however, to
California in 1880, to enlist In the Fifth
California Infantry.
The ArtUt Make Her Own Audience.
Sarah Bernhardt In London Interview.
It Is idle, it is stupid to talk of an
artist '"condescending" to appear on
the variety stage. So long as he does
the best work within him, there can
b e no Idea of condescension. You
would not argue, I suppose, that a
prayer uttered in a garret is less ef
ficacious than a prayer spoken In a
cathedral? The artist either raises or
depreciates the public to his own level, j
it embraces incorporated cities a..
towns within the county would be de
stroyed, but otherwise would remain
intact. Marlon County, as a unit, could
not vote the city of Salem either "dry"
or "wet," but all precincts in Marlon
County outside of Incorporated cities
could determine as a unit whether
liquor should or should not be sold In
such precincts.
The Oregonlan believes that this Is
a fair statement of the purposes and
of the real construction of the amend
ment. The amendment has one weakness
in that it makes no distinction between
cities and towns and incorporated vil
lages. There should be some limitation
In order that an incorporated village
adjacent to a large city or town that is
dry could not be colonized, vote I wet"
and the liquor traffic be carried on'
without license or regulation. It would
be possible if the constitution were
so amended, and Roseburg, for ex
ample, should vote to aDollsh the sa
loons, that a village would be newly
Incorporated on the outskirts of the
city, be colonized by the saloons, per
mit the sale of liquor without restraint,
and demoralize the larger city. If
Portland voted to supress the sale of
liquor, it would be perfectly reasonable
to expect the saloonmen to move to
St. Johns or some other adjacent town
and there, by force of numbers, con
trol the result of a local option elec
tion, choose their own regulating end
enforcing powers and draw their trade
from Portland.
On the other hand there is a valid
objection to the present option law
found iu the privilege given the coun
ty at large to inflict upon a city a
law which it does not want and can
not enforce. This evil would be cor
rected by the Home Rule bill.
The Oregonlan herein has attempted
to give what it believes are the goc.l
and bad features of the bill. They
are features easily understood and
should be carefully weighed by the vot
er before acting on the measure at
the pollls. He should be able to de
termine for himself whether the good
overbalances the bad or vice versa.
The Oregonlan will make no recom
mendation on this measure.
I WEST DIDN'T RETURN IT ALL
One Side Light on That Trip to Wash
ington. GRESHAM. Or., Oct. 28. (To the
Editor.) As the little scheme of Sena
tor Chamberlain, assisted by his friend
Jonathan, comes to be better under
stood, the less many men in this section
are Inclined to look with favor on the
attempt to put little Os West into the
Governor's chair, there to be a pliant
tool of the hard and fast machine which
has been built up In the interest of a
little, selected bunch of self-appointed
guardians of the people, Mr. West
doesn't wear as the public knowledge
of him becomes extended. His loud
songs of self-praise are becoming mo
notonous and the purpose of his boost
ers is now pretty well understood.
The people around this part of tha
country are discussing the situation,
and men who two weeks ago were look
ing with some favor on Mr. West's
candidacy are now declaring that to
be loyal to the direct primary law it is
necessary, being themselves Republi
cans, to support the direct primary
nominee of their own party. Mr. West's
grandstand play with the money of the
United States Government. accom
plished by turning it over to the state
treasury, when the Government didn't
owe the state anything, is a matter that
shows up the Democratic candidate,
who ls'trying to fool the people by re
nouncing4jl3 party name, and is be
coming pretty well understood by tha
farmers generally.
What people would like to know Ir:
What right had Mr. West to mileage
for returning to Washington, D. C
when he never returned there? Not a
man around here can be found who
can understand Why, after the state
had paid Mr. West for his expenses for
the trip both ways and the Government
had paid his expensas for the same trip
back to Portland al he should have
collected the amount of his expenses
from the Government for returning to
Washington, D. C, after he was through
with the Hermann trial when he didn't,
return at all!
It is said that Mr. West swore to his
claim, too. Do you know upon what
ground this sort of a mau rests his
claim to being a reformer, and whether
it is true that the Federal officials in
Portland used the word "grafter" la
connection with his affidavit, that the
money for returning to Washington,
D. C, was really due him when he
didn't return at all?
INQUIRER.
Novelists Can't Write Short Slorles.-
Conan Doyle in "Through the Masic
Door."
Which are the great short stories of
the English language? Not a bad bafis
for a debate! This I am sure of: That
there are far fewer supremely good
short stories than thero are supremely
good long books. It takes more exqui
site skill to carve the cameo than the
statue. But the strangest thing is that
the two excellences seem to be separate
and even antagonistic- Skill in the one
by no means insures skill in the other.
The great masters of our literature.
Fielding, Scott, Dickens, Thackeray,
Reads, have left no single short story
of outstanding merit .behind them, with
the possible exception of wandering
Willie's tale In "Red Gauntlet"
On the other hand men who have been
very great In the short story, Stevenson,
Poe and Bret Harte, have written no
great book. The champion sprinter Is
seldom a five-miler as well.
Poe Is the master of all. . . .
Poe is, to my mind, the supreme orig
inal short story writer of all time.
"Guerilla" Mosby to Lecture.
Washington D. C.) Post.
Col. John S. Mosby, the noted Con
federate cavalry leader, has closed a
contract with a lecture bureau to de
liver a series of 13 lectures in the prin
cipal cities of New England, telling at
first hand of his experiences in the
Civil War. Except for one or two lec
tures. Colonel Mosby has never ap
peared upon the lecture platform. After
the course is completed in New Eng
land, as at present contracted for. It
will probably be extended to the Middle
and Middle Western states.
The subject matter of these lectures
will include not only his personal ex
periences on the field of battle, but also
his relations with and to the great lead
ers In the Southern armies. .
i Two Wedding Rings Instead.
"Molly Make-Believe," a New Novel.
Carl of Mine: There's one thing I
forgot to tell you. When you go to buy
my engagement ring I don't want any!
No! I'd rather have two wedding rings
Instead two perfectly plain gold wed
ding rings. And the ring for my passive
left hand I want inscribed. "To Be a
Sweetness More Desired than Spring!"
and the ring for my active right hand
I want inscribed, "His- Soul to Keeo!"
Just that.