THE MORXIXG OREGOXIAX, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 22, 1910. lo tntri t Trt:and. Otob. Paetofflca vwa-nui M attar. . . kaMcrtjiUu katw-Invariably In (BT MAIL). trar. ttvnfim fne!oc14. oi Tr ??? -aiiy. eandar Included, six rnonm " - alle. Bandar Included. thr. month... -'lr. lucdtr lnrimiad. ona mootu .(.:. wlrhc.uf fiundAv on Tear ....... a- 1-aJly. without Sundae, s.x mootha. .... 3 .!!. without Sunday, three rnontha... -T5 ur. without SuDuy. on montn. Veekre, oca Tear. ... SO ISO ISO as t-undar. ona year - k-aodajr and weekly, ona year..... (BT CARRIER). Pn. fton4are Included- ona Tear. ..... Lji:r. Sundae Included, ona month.-.. Maw ia Remit Bend Pwtornca mower raar. axpreaa order or personal tnaca o our Uw-el hank Hltmot ColB Ot CUITtllCJ b r. at Ih. anrir a rule OITa IH"n hddraas la full, racludlnc county ana etaie. raataca Balre 1 lo 14 paaea, 1 cant; i 1 Daa. rente: St) to pases. eanta; Lo to 6o paaea. cent a. I'orin postase aonbla rata. tatl Roataeea OflWa Verree C n New Turk, rirunewlc buUdlns. Chi alegar building. tPOKTLA-ND. aUTTKDAY. OCT. tt, 11 wobjju ro uncs. Th Oregonlan had occasion tbo hther day to call attention to the gainful and Indefensible change oi .tiltuda between 1907 and 109 by Chamberlain towards th sooted subject of emergency clauses, n 1907 our impeccable Governor hundered forth a noble bull against he reprehensible practice of adding mergency clauses to routine icgis- ative acts. The Governor was rlght- oualy Indignant. No Legislature bad i right to attach an emergency clause any act "except for the Immediate reservation of public peace, heaitn r safety. It was a magnificent re uke splendidly administered. The Legislature at once reformed. There K-ere no emergency clauses at that sal on attached to any bill for any Lurposw not contemplated oy in onstltation. But behold the change. In 1909 ollclcal exigencies had arisen that ppeared to the Governor to call for -ctlve meajrures to keep his hand on he throttle of the state political ma- hlne. He had been elected Senator hrousrh the choice of the people. He vaa to be succeeded by a Republican iovemor. Here was an unfortunate mergoncy that could be met only by n entire traversal of his fine words f two years before. Various meat- .rea creating political Jobs were has- :ly Jammed through the Legislature, a this way two needless members ere added to the Supreme Court In pen contravention to the express will f the people. A fat Judicial place as provided In Multnomah County r the Governor's private secretary, 'wo Tax Commissioners were created, nd a -water code, with a State Engl eer. two division superintendents and arious underlings, was adopted. Vlthout exception these measures arried emergency clauses and were -nraediately signed by the Governor nd all appointments duly made be- ore he stepped from one rich Job Into nother. The emergency clause tacked on to he water code was a sad burlesque f plain truth. It Is worth reading t thfs time, when all eyes observe the xtraordlnary efforts being made by he Bourne-Chamberlain partnership a hold together their demorallxed nd fast-disintegrating machine. It is: fier-tlaa It Fmerm-em-vj "Whereas there rreat ancertalntv exlatlnff thrus-hoot th tele with r-rerente to ma water nans ot arious rartlee alone the itrtimi. ditchaa 4 vittr wars as to their several Inter ns, tharaln ent-;lr, eipenslee litigation nd enaenderin manr animoettlea ana raurn d blood, thereby cmlanaarlnff rha publlo -aca and aafe'r of many eectione of tha a:e: and. Whereas. It ta urgent that -.eee eoedltlona fee remedied for tha preser attoa of th nubile paai-e. health and fetr of tha Stat, this act shall r-a In ill fnrra and afreet upon and axter us pproval by tba Gornor. How far into the wretched depths f machine politics Governor Cham-' erlain had descended in the two ears following his entirely correct nd commendable effort to require he Legislature to pursue a stralght- irward course in the enactment of :11s. so that they might be presented 3 him for signature on their merits. .ay be shown by quoting a para raph from the Governor's message f 1907. Here it la: My at taction has ba-m call ad to tha ra'-t iat many. If not a majority, at tha blii Mcaj hava baw Introduced in both tna ouaa ud Sanata hava an emaraanrr c!aua .rlarinr sum billa to b-. for tha Immodtata .aarvatlon of tha publlr p.ac.. health and tfaty of tha paopl. thua In effect, cutting f tha rtxal to hare au.-h laws refarrad to -a paop'.a. As a ma:tr of fact, no law in bava for Ita on-t tha Immedlata aervatloa of tna public peaca unlraa It ba prarant inva.ion. l&i'irretlon or war; law caa hava for Its oblart tha lm ed!ala preaei atloa of tha puMIc health aiaaa It la to prevent tha Introduction of 'ixia pkasua or tha spread ot soma con icloaa or Infectloua c:u. mn- no law in hare) for Ita ot)e?t the Immedlata pre a -ration of tha piuTle a-ifetr unleae It ba prevent riot or mob violence or ewmethtna; Wru:ated to brine about great destruction : lfa or property. Another two ) cars have passed, oreraor Chamberlain has taken In partner. In a remarkable effort to lonopolixe and perpetuate control of two principal political parties of regon. The partner is Senator ource. They have Joined hands in a open effort to elect Mr. West yvernor. There Is widespread revolt i the Democratic party against hamberlaln and West. There is a neral taming In the Republican trty against Bourne. The conspiracy 1U falL It should fall. The election f Mr. Bowerman will definitely ter minate the official career of Senator otirne and it will perform a similar -l-vice for Oregon when It shall help bring about the retirement of Sen ior Chamberlain later. The result, may be hoped, wl'.l be two Repub n United States Senators for Ore--n. a clrar gain for the state atld an ndoubted benefit to the Nation. IR4.r. COLOMT MOVEXEVT. Transcontinental railroads are han- :ir.g a record-breaking rush of colo ists. both the Hill and the Harrl- an I'.nee being taxed to the rapacity ' their equipment to handle the owds. This movement Is unusual at time when the East and Middle 'est are complaining of dull times. would seem to confirm the general ilief that Oregon, even In periods of mporary dullness, is so much better ft than other parts of the country hat It Is a most attractive place to re. The present record movement Is e result of many years of careful rpo!tatlon on the part of the rall- vads and the commercial organiza- ona of the state. This advertising by we. papers, maps, pamphlets and rookj baa been supplemented by an veil more powerful advertising fore lthe testimony of the man who has ven the state a trial. There are thousands of t h e.-e men nd women scattered throughout the Lite. Their experience has proved so Litlsftactory that thty have been the ana of bringing many others wno tUfb.t-B.ot have com tad they been dependent on other sources for their knowledge of the state and Its oppor tunities. There is so much to attract new settlers to this region, without In the least overdrawing the picture, that disappointment Is rare among the nen-comers. This Fall colonist move ment Is the heaviest ever known, but It will be eclipsed by the rush that will come in the Spring. Next year there will be opened up for settlement the great Central Ore gon region, a territory which will sup port a greater population than can find homes in the Willamette Valley. New rail lines will also have opened op the great undeveloped country. ly ing between the Columbia River and the ocean. It will be many years be fore Oregon will be unable to offer the strongest kind of Inducements to new settlers, and as the real merits of the country are better understood thlJ colonist rush will not be limited to Spring and Fall periods, but will be In evidence throughout the year. NLVE LAvTS AT A TDtt Once upon a time It was a common provision of all state constitutions that the subject of every legislative bill must be clearly expressed In the title: and It was a vital requirement of some constitutions that not more than a single subject of legislation could be Included in the same meas ure. In other words, one legislative act could not embrace such varying and conflicting' subjects as water rights and the mortgage tax or fish ing and road tax. and so on. No in telligent person will say that these methods were unwise or Impractical. Yet In our new-fangled scheme of legislation In Oregon we have un dertaken to Improve on the ways of old-fashioned legislation by passing thirty-two laws in as many seconds. We are trying to do more. We in clude nine laws In one, as, for exam ple, the following constitutional amendment (No. 360-361): For aa amendment to Article IV.. Con stitution of Oreon. Increasing ' Initiative, referendum, and recall ttowera of tha peo ple; reetrictlna; use of emergency clauaa and veto power on atate and municipal legisla tion; requirta proportional election of mem bers Or the Legislative Aasembly from tha atata at large; annual aeeatons and inrraae lna members' salaries and terms of office; providing for electlona of Speaker of House and president ot senate ouiaiae ox memoer; reetrleMng corporate franchleee to 2d years: providing ten-dollar penalty for unaxcuaed abeencee from any roll call, and changing the form of oath of office to provide against lied legislative log-rolling. Tou may take It or leave it. Ton vote up the whole business or you vote it down. If you say "yes" you swallow It all; If you say no you re ject it all, though you may ravor some part of this extraordinary agglomeration. Here you have the unrestricted and unrestrained Initiative. There are thirty-one other measures besides. some simple, others complex. But Jn this. Instance we take a straight cut across lota and dispose of nine at a time knock "em down. If we don't like 'em, and set 'em up In the other alley. DLSCT'SSIOX OF THE IXLLER CASK. The Oregohlan of last Tuesday gave Its readers a brief account of a ser mon which Rev, James A. Dodds had preached at Ridgefleld. on the subject of the acquittal of Merle Fuller. The Utter, It will be recalled, is the young man who drew his revolver and shot a train conductor In order to uphold his end of a dispute they were having over an accident on the railroad. In connection with this matter. The Ore gonlan " publishes today a copy of a letter which Jamea A. Stapleton, the man who prosecuted Fuller, has writ ten to Mr. Dodds. The letter warmly commends the stand the reverend gentleman has taken and improves the occasion to admire his moral courage. To speak the truth about our laxity to criminals fcefore a con gregation presumably aa flabby as the rest of us does Indeed require unusual courage, and the The Oregonlan Joins Mr. Stapleton in his appreciation of It. Proceeding to discuss th rea sons why Fuller won his liberty in the face of the law and the facts, Mr. Stapleton first refers to that Inex plicable fondness for bloody murder ers which Is so conspicuous almost everywhere In this country. AU a man has to do In order to become a popular hero, particularly among the women, is to shoot down somebody in cold blood. The more horrible the circumstances of the crime, the more the murderer Is be loved. Mr. Stapleton recounts that even . before the Jury In the court room, persons approached Fuller and shook hands with him to show how much they respected and admired one who had committed a frightful crime. Women, Mr. Stapleton re marks, did more of this than the men. but both sexes did enough of It to make us blush for our race. We do cot argue that a criminal should be deserted by his friends or treated with cruelty and neglect, but it seems highly proper to protest against bis being lionized In th very presence of the law which is seeking to punish him. Does this practice indicate that we are smitten with some singular psychological disorder which destroys our moral sensibilities? Have w really come to the point where we esteem crime more highly than pro saic virtue, and take for our National heroes men who openly defy the law which our own representatives have made? The mob who paraded them selves before the Jury to shake Ful ler's bloody hand knew that their ac tion would intimidate the Jury. No doubt that was on of their reasons for doing It. It seems as If the court ought to have felt some Intimation of the same fact and forbidden the shameful exhibition. Exhibition of what? Well, for one thing, defiance of th law. Degener ate crtme worship was another qual ity which it displayed. There has always been a disposition among the low and vulgar classes of society to exalt criminals and make heroes Nf them. Witness th undying glory of Claud Duval In British lore. But with us this disposition has escaped from the vulgar and spread apparent ly to all ranks of society. Our most elegant dames love to Imitate the fish wives who wept over the execution of Black Bess rider. Does this indi cate that we are growing in humanity, or merely that we are becoming sillier with the passing years? Mr. Stapleton says roundly that the acquittal of such murderers as Fuller prove that w hold human life In contempt. Of course there Is another side to the question. It may prove that we think highly of human life, too highly to condemn a man to im prisonment or death for a deed which no punishment can amend. Still, to sane minds it cannot appear any bet ter than washy sentimentality to re fuse to punish crime because the pun ishment will mak somebody, suffer. 'There Is a common saying that the Infliction of now pain does not rem edy pain that has been endured. Doubtless this saying gives us an In dex of widespread popular feeling re garding the punishment of . crimi nals. "What Is the use ?" Is on every body's tongue. Mr. Stapleton says the sentiment of the people with whom he talked about Fuller was "almost uniformly in the criminal's favor." Of course they were salving their conscience by whispering , to themselves that nothing was to be gained by punishing him, for they knew well enough that he was guilty. The existence of such a sentiment among th people may indicate that the bonds of society are dissolving, and that w are reverting to the state of primitive savagery when there was no law and no restraint upon crime but private vengeance. Or it may in dicate a profound discontent with the administration of the law and with the principle which underlie its or dinary penalties. It cannot be denied that there Is some weight In the com mon opinion thai crime is not mend ed by inflicting suffering. We may possibly discern In the popular ten derness for murderers an undercur rent of belief that society should ex pend its effort to prevent crime rather than punish it. If this Is so, then tne feeling Is not -despicable. On th contrary It la wholesome, and prom ises better things for the future.' Usually It is a mistake to despise widespread popular feeling offhand. Investigation's apt to show that there are good reasons for It, though they may bo hidden out of sight for the moment. KOIJr G OtR COLXATKRA U WHh the United States shipping cotton In a volume which at present high price breaks all previous rec ords for total values for the period, with Egypt also a liberal seller of cotton, and with India, the Argentine and Russia, all making heavy drafts for either old or new crop wheat, it is not surprising that .England has found her gold supply running low. In an effort to check this drain on her stocks of the yellow metal the bank rat was advanced Friday to 5 per cent, and at this figure it Is hoped to replenish th supply. While easy money in England Is of course re flected in the American financial sit uation. Just at this time the balance of trade by which we could swing gold in this direction Is much smaller than usual. Had it not been for the abnormally high prices and liberal shipments of cotton, that balance of trade. Instead of being in our favor, would have been against us, for there was an enormous decrease in the Sep tember exports of wheat, corn, pork: and other agricultural products. This docline In the exports of food stuffs from the United States did not, however, relieve England of the ne cessity of making up the shortage in other parts of the world. While the American farmers have been holding back Immense supplies of corn, wheat and other grains. Russia, India and the Argentine have been taking ad vantage of the good market thus cre ated, and have been shipping record quantities, roost of which England ha been obliged to finance, for a time at least, even though some of it was diverted to continental ports. Th fact that the United States has managed to hold a grain crop which in the aggregate Is the largest on rec ord shows the financial conditions in this country to b remarkably healthy. Th total output of the five principal cereals, wheat, oats, rye, barley and corn, reached the enormous figure or 6.053,391,000 bushels, which at pres ent market prices la easily worth J2. 670.000. 000. A country that is so enormously wealthy that It can af ford to hold this amount of tangible collateral for higher prices than the very remunerative figure now offered. Is not In much danger of a panic of any proportions of consequence. When the unnecessary panic of 1907 swept over the country. Us effect was intensified by England sending over In payment for our agricultural prod ucts an Immense amount of railroad and Industrial securities which had been depreciated by th loose talk of political agitators and buncombe art ists In this country. The waning power of the chief political agitator of those troublesome times makes the possibility of a panic very remote at this time, and so long as American farmers' bins are bursting, and the banks are well supplied with money, this country can view with equanim ity any slight flurry which necessi tates an Increase In the English bank rate. Vv-HXK. IS THE LIMIT? The "largest steamship in the world" has floated into the water at Belfast. Ireland. This monster craft is so much larger than any other steamship afloat, and reaches so far toward th dimensions of the mythi cal "thousand-foot steamer" that the early appearance of that long-predicted leviathan of the deep is highly probable. .Th Olympic, which for the time being Is the last word in marine architecture, -will make no bid for the speed supremacy on the At lantic. . It has been more than twenty years since the Whit Star line dropped out of the speed contest and contented itself with building monster craft, which for six and comfort were fully aa attractive as th steam ers of higher speed and less comfort able quarters. Even the Germans seem to have abandoned the high-speed steamer, and for several years have been build ing large, comfortable steamers of the type that have reached the highest degree of perfection In the Olympic Unless national pride and a recogni tion of the advertising value of the speed record should" appeal to the Germans, it is not Improbable that the Cunard flyers, Mauretania and Lusltania, will be aloe In their glory for many years for. In building th Olympic and Titanic, their chief Brit ish competitors show no disposition to enter the speed contest. A com parison of the size and speed records of the steamers which at intervals In the past fifty years have attracted the attention of the world shows that for nearly all that period builders have leaned more favorably toward great size than speed. The Scotia, In 1863, was th first vessel to cross the. Atlantic In lees than Bin days, and It waa seven years later before the City of Brussels made the trip in less than eight days. Fifteen years later the Alaska startled . the world by, i crossing In less than seven days. It was 37 years after the Alaska's per formance before th Lusltania made the run in less than five days, but In that period ther iwaa v. guir-h, smcX: startling gain in the size of the steamers. With the exception of that unwieldy monstrosity, the Great Eastern, built In 1858, the 600-foot Servia of 7392 tons .was the largest steamer afloat when the Alaska made the first, pass age In less than Beven days. Th Alaska's voyage in a fraction less than nvnn iavs 'was cut to less than six days by the City of Paris in 1889, and to five and one-third days by tne J-iU-canla in 1894. The Lucania's record fell before the Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse in 1897, and from 1900 until the appearance of the Lusltania last year the Deutschland was the undis puted speed queen of the seas. Mean while, in length and size, steamers had been Increasing much more-rap idly. The Servia got over the 500 foot mark in 1881, and in 1893 the Lucania and Campania, 601 feet In length, appeared. The Oceanic, launched in 1899, was 689 feet in length, and the Balticv 725 feet in length, was the "largest ship in the world" when she was launched in 1904. It was thus but eleven years from the 600-foot Lucania to the 725-foot Baltic, and but three years between the launching of the . 790-foot Lusl tanla and the 880-foot Olympic. At the same ratio of increase, the thou sand-foot steamer Is near at hand. The exact amount of credit iwhich should .be awarded to the sailing qua! ltles of the old clipper ships. of the past, and the amount that should go to the men who sailed them, is diffl cult to estimate. That the men who directed tne clipper ships' movements are entitled to a large share of the glory has been repeatedly demon strated, and in no case so plainly as that of the British bark Muskoka. which has" recently been given much prominence in the New York Even ing Post. ' The Muskoka, In command of Captain Crowe, of this city, made more record passages than any mod era ship afloat, and at the time of Can tain Crowe's retirement was known the world over as' the fastest sailing ship afloat. But the fine lines and splendid canvas-carrying qualities of the Muskoka- were of no avail when Captain Crowe was succeeded by a poor navigator, and not since Crowe's retirement has the vessel made a passage worthy of special mention The men, and not the ships, are enti tled to much credit for the record pas sages of the old days. "Rotterdam iwould be nothing with out its harbor and system of publicly- owned docks," says the Dutch Vice- Consul, who gets his name in the pa per because he advocates an unneces sary and enormously expensive public dock system for Portland. This city is more fortunately situated than Rot terdam. If the Dutch Vice-Consul, or foreigners in general, think that Port land will be "nothing" without public docks, their minds will undergo a change after a few months of close observation. Portland's maritime com merce is growing more rapidly than ever before. More ships and larger ships are coming to the port. They are receiving better dispatch than is being given at other Pacific Coast ports, and the expense for wharfage and dockage are lighter here than elsewhere. The Dutch Vice-Consul says "it is a miracle" now tne immense tonnage of the port is handled with out public docks. It would be more of a miracle If we could handle It with politically-managed public docks. Steel stocks have advanced to the highest figure reached since last June, and, according to news reports, "prominent railroad officials have ad vised steel manufacturers that a much more liberal policy in placing orders for equipment Is to be expected after the election next, month." For many years steel has been the most deli cately adjusted commercial barometer, and the depression or prosperity in that commodity has nearly always been reflected in other lines. That the worst possible effect that may result from the elections has been pretty well discounted Is now quite plain, and the wave of the big stick and the re verberations of the warwhoop have lost their power to terrify. Natural conditions in the country are so healthy that, no matter which way the elections go, there will undoubt edly be an instant revival of business. A so-called man who amused him self by offering young girls employ ment as stenographers and then in sulting them was given a deserved sentence of ninety days on the rock pile by Judge Tazwell. The only regret In connection with this penalty Is that the time limit for the offense is reached too soon. The only chance to make a useful citizen out of a "low life" of this type is to keep him at work for the public for his board, which as a matter of economy should be wholesome and ample to keep him In working trim, but severely plain. Hard work and a simple, unstimulat Ifig diet may be safely relied upon to tame a beast of this type. Th 48-year-old "philosopher" who committed suicide In a Denver hotel the other' night because he could "no longer cope with the world" was a weakling who had drifted Into social Ism and absorbed Its platitudes until h really believed them. In these days a man is not old at 48 unless he makes himself old. The, late Senator Stewart made and lost two or three fortunes after he was 60. Others have done so, and others will, but the shift less man of education generally com bines laziness with his frailties and. when he becomes morbid, snuffs out his light. The world Is the better, for It. When all the hops are made Into yeast and all the barley Is fed to horses, and all tho watermelons have a bourbon flavor, and the apples are fit for nothing but vinegar, the saloon will be put out of business. The Jury In tje Webb case found him guilty on the evidence of cold blooded murder induced by luet. plac ing a heavy burden on the woman who went wrong. "Young Corbett" has been relegated to the ranks of pugilistic "has-beens." Alas, and alas! What Is the country coming' to? The parents of the .18-months-old child In Dallas who can read would better put on the brakes. Precocity is unhealthy. Chief Cox Is right In arresting Se attle blacklegs. We have enough of the home product. Professor Woodruff dare not say it to tha Colonel' Xaca. SENATOR BOlRE AND TARIFF Spotlla-ht Tkrawi o Hla Record by New York Paper. In a recent issue of the Outlook Jon athan Bourne, Jr., expressed his own opinion concerning what he had been doing in Oregon to promote the welfare of the common people in securing the nrlnnrinn of nnoDle'a nower laws and In j recommending other laws that would serve to wrest control of government from the bosses and special Interests. Through something of a coincidence, someone, not Bourne himself, about the same time told in the New York World what the Senator from Oregon has been doing in Congress. The World Is devoting a series or articles to the antecedents, political history and business and financial con nections of the Senators who cast votes In favor of the trusts in the considera tion of the tariff bilL Our own Jona than, therein, is characterized as the friend of the Senator for the Guggen helms. the Senator of Electricity and one of the Faithful Forty of the Legion of Special Privilege. a a a This article tells of the growth of the Bourne family fortune behind the tariff wall in New England and of the ascend ancy of the Senior Senator from Oregon to the presidency of the Bourne notion Mills, of Tiverton. R. I. Reference is made to his organization of a Washing ton copper company In the days when H. H. Rogers, of the Standard Oil Com pany, was most active in copper, and it is declared that he Is allied with bank ing interests related through maxr'age to one of the Standard Oil group. It is asserted that his family cotton mills have paid dividends every year sjca 1W7. when the rate was 18 per cent under the Wilson-Gorman tariff, and that in 190J these mills paid 47 per cent on their Jl.000.000 capital. It Is charged that Bourne voted to place the countervailing duty on petro leum Instead of leaving it on the free list where the House bill placed it. It Is charged that Bourne voted to re tain the Dingley rates on the cheaper grades of the Bourne cotton mill prod ucts and for an Increase over the Ding ley rates on the more expensive finished goods, for which his mills manufacture he greund work. Senator Bourne voted for those duties on goods manufactured by his "infanl industry" that pajjj up to 43 per cent dividends, without excusing himself whoa his personal Interests were Involved as did Senator La Follette. "When it come to voting on amend ments proposed by Insurgent Senators." says the World, "he often paired his vote with Democrats, thereby avoidln? going on record, while throwing the influence of his vote with the Aldrlch crowd, a a - a Some of the Bourne votes are listed as follows In the article: In the Interest of tho Gnircenheirn Pam llv Smelter Trust, and possibly incidentally aiding his own mining; Interests: To in crease the duty on white lead from 2 to cents per pound; Increasing the duty on bl-cnromaw and chromate of potash from lij to 2V centa per pound: . ... Increasing the duty on high grade electric lighting carbona manufactured by the Standard Oil-National Carbon combination, an Iron-bound trust, to 45 per cent, ad valorem, while pretending to reduce the duty ; Increasing the tax on barley from 24 to 80 cents per bushel, bo aa to hold some of tho Western Senators in line for the bigger benefits to the trusts; Increasing the duty on lemons, at the behest of Senator Flint, the Southern Pa cific Senator, whose constituents soon found the railroad taking all their anticipated gain by the simple process of raisins the freight rate on lemons; Increasing the duty from 20 to 30 cents a pound on slubblng, roving, ring and garnetted waste, by-products in the manu facture of woolens: Placing a , countervailing duty on petro- Bourne was paired on the following, in favor of the trusts or Aldrich's side: Approving the action of the Finance Com mittee in Increasing the duty on fresh meats (produced only by the Beef Trust) from the House rate of 1H cents- to 2 cents per pound. , e e Senator Bourne has boastod of Ms parentage of the initiative measure now before the voters of Oregon which pro vides for d'rect election of delegates to the National party conventions. The bill permits an elector to vote f.-r but one delegate and thereby forestalls any ex pression by the voters on National Issues that may be pending. It eliminates party conventions, now held not only to choose delegates to the National conventions but also to express the will of each party, as represented by its majority in the state, concerning what should go int the Na tional party platforms, or what should be approved or opposed by us state's Senators and Representatlvas in Con gress. With such a law in effect each Senator from Oregon would be wholly untram meled by party mandate In voting his own interests aga'nst those o'f his con stituents, except Insofar as he had ex pressed his personal opinions prior to election on matters that might or might not be vital Issues during his six years' term of office. The Interests of the "common people," vho are the principal consumers of cot ton fabrics and buy largely of patroleum products, are opposed to the personal In terests of Senator Bourne. Ho would now deny the "common people" tin prlvilesa of expressing thtir views on hu rtco-d in the Senate or of designating a guide for his future course, gravely assuring tj ' earners of $2 a day or less" tha' the bill Is "submilted in their Interests." a Spanlah Xewipsper Advertisement. History of Advertising. This morning the Jeweler, Slebald 111. maga. was summoned from his shop to another and better world. The undersigned, his widow, will weep upon his tomb, as will also his two daughters, Hilda and Emma, the former of whom is married, and the latter is open to an offer. The funeral will take place tomorrow. His disconsolate widow. VERONIQUE ILLMAGA. P. S The bereavement will not In terrupt our employment, which will be carried on as usual, only our place of business will be removed from No. 3 Tesei de Teinturlers to No. 4 Rue de Mlssionaire. as our grasping landlord has raised our rent. 5O.OO0 Portuguese in America. Probably the deposed King of Por tugal doesn't know it for he is not credited with being much interested in his-subjects, much less ex-subjects but there are 50,000 of his countrymen In the United States. Massachusetts runs strong wun uieia naving aoout 15.000. Little Rhode island has 2500 It Is thought they will all be content not to go back to the new republic, but to stick to this one. Portugal Is a synonym for poverty. Send the Bills to Father. Atchison Globe. Declaring that the ancient Greeks were never bald because they didn't wear hats, the men students of the Ohio Wesleyan University atDelaware, 0 made a bonfire of their -hats, and danced around it. The Joke in this celebration Is on the fathers who have to buv new bats. la. ba, nut it is fuony, to bo a xathes. AMERICAN LIFE) HELD AS NAUGHT. Arframent of Lavryer Who Vainly Pros ecuted Merle Fuller for Murder. The following letter was forwarded to Rev. James S. Dodds by James P. Stapleton, the attorney -who prosecuted Merle Fuller at Vancouver: I have read what you said In your ser mon preached at Ridgefleld last Sunday, as same appears in The Oregonlan of the day following, and wish to congratulate you from two standpoints: First, on the accurate analysis of the situation, and second, on the fact that you have suf ficient moral strength to express It publicly. " Of course, anyone On the outside wit nessing the prosecution of a criminal, cannot understand the stone wall of publio sentiment that is ordinarily ar rayed against the state, which must be overcome. This was particularly in evidence in the Fuller case. I felt per sonally, and now still have the same opinion more firmly than ever, that Fuller was clearly guilty of the of fense charged. Not only was this true, but I proved it to the Jury. Fuller sat near the rail Just inside the bar, during all of. the trial, and frequently In the presence of the Jury people would approach him and shake his hand. This included more women than men. This I notice Is also referred to by you and is another deplorable fea ture of our criminal prosecution. Such actions on the part of the assembly cannot but have some effect on the Jury. In connection with this case I talked with a great many people and the sen timent was almost uniformly in the prisoner's favor. In each instance I asked them to give me tha reasons in feeling as they did, and in no instance did any one of them give me a sat isfactory answer, i In fact, they had no reason. They simply felt sympa thetic with the boy without reason. I believe that the people in this coun try are coming to look upon human life as of too lfttle consequence, and such sentiment is being bred in them by verdicts of "not guilty" brought in by ' Juries liKe th3 case of the state against Ful ler. Such verdicts do by implication, extend to other criminals a license to commit crime, and rest assured in the precedent thus established that they can appeal to the quality of mercy existing in every human being, and very likely escape the penalty oi the law. It was so in the Fuller case There was nothing upon which verdict of "not guilty" could be based except the story of Fuller himself, and some very Indefinite and unsatisfactory statements of some witnesses for the defense as to the quarrelsome disposl tion of the .deceased. As against this, I had the straightforward and disin terested story of two brakemen, who were the eye witnesses to the whole performance. Seemingly, the Jury pre ferred the word of Fuller to that of the two brakemen. Another bad feature of our law ia thus demonstrated. It seems strange that a man under the charge of murder in the first degree, as Fuller was, can come into court and by simply com mining a lesser crime, to-wit. perjury, escape "scot-free." I cannot help but place the ordinary American jury in the category of dupes. That Is. such peo Die as buy gold brick or buy, for in stance. $10,000 of green goods for $10 in good money. It seems so to my mind, and It seems such a glaring exhibition of gullibility on the part of the Jury for thera to believe the story of a murderer delivered in his own be half totally. apparently. forgetting that one under a charge like this would do anything to help him get out from under it. This fact last mentioned seems to have no weight with the Jury what ever. This was a point which I argued strongly to the jury. That Is, I pointed out to them that Merle Fuller's story was unworthy or belief, for various reasons, the strong est of which was that Merle Fuller could not be expected to go on the witness stand and tell any story that would convict him. Another reason was that Merle Fuller had taken the life of Stewart, which in Itself was sufficient to put his veracity in ques tion. But the Jury seemingly disre garded all this, and weighing the story of Merle Fuller together with, tne in definite statements of some of the wit nesses for the defense as to Stewart's vicious disposition, : in the balance acrainst the straightforward story of two disinterested brakemen (and the two stories were directly in conflict) they let the story of Fuller outweigh that of the brakemen. No wonder you boiled over with in dignation. Tou are eminently right in doincr so. and again I wish to con gratulate you on your accurate analy sis and on the moral courage which you have to express it in a public place. You are at llbetry to use this com munlcatlon. If you care to. JAMES P. STAPLETON. RATES OX PORTLAXD DRVDOCK. Port Commissioner Wheelwright Ex plains the New Schedule. PORTLAND. Or.. Oct. 21 (To the Editor.) The editorial in The Ore Eronian todav states that the rates charged by the Port of Portland Dry dock for some time past have been higher than the rates for the same service at other ports, and that there has recently been a very heavy ad- vanra in those rates. Whereas the fat!ts are that the regular rates have been lower than at other Pacific Coast ports and they have recently Been cut down from those figures. The reason ing in The Oregonian is based on the fact that the Commission nas discon tinued the custom of allowing two days' dockage free, or at the nominal rate of 2 cents per ton per uaj prevails nowhere else in the world, so far as I can ascertain. It is a very simple matter of arithmetic to take these two free days or neany nee and figure out an enormous percentage of increase. But the fact is that nearly all of the business done In the fort or t-oriiana Drydock Is that of cleaning and paint ing, which as a rule occupies only one day; the rate for one day is lower, and so Is the rate for every other day, ex cept those two days which at one time were free and which at another timt were charged at 2 cents per ton as an experiment. There were various reasons that in fluenced the Commission to give these special concessions, one of them being the hope that business would thereby be attracted to the port. The record of the 12 months from September 19, 1909 to September 19, 1910, however, shows total receipts from dockage of vessels 16615.45, while the actual cost operation was lll.J29.60 and the in terest on the investment was 16. 000 00. Under these circumstances, the r UiCainn thought it best to elimi nate those special privileges and es tablish rates that are In line with world usage, but still, as above stated, ,... than those which prevail at other Pacific Coast ports. Besides this, metal discounts were offered, de pending upon the amount of business brought, to the dock, 15 per cent on So 000.00. 20 per cent on $7500.00 and 2'per cent on $10,000.00 or over. There is certainly nothing In the above facts or the present policy of the Port of Portland Commission to Justify the statement that they have "advanced the rates to a figure that can hardly fail to drive shipping to other ports." WM. D. WHEELWRIGHT. Non-Coal and Publlc-CoaL Indianapolis News. Last year the geological survey fixed prloes on 2,598.621 acres of public coal lands and classified 10.857,572 acres of Jum-coal In nd. Life's Sunny Side King Alfonso has a tremenlous appe tite; like any boy, he is always hungry. He is far from .handsome, but like any boy, again, he does not give a rap about his looks. Recently, while motoring near La Granfa, the King's appetite plagued him and he halted at a wayside inn. Ha ate with much relish while cracking Jokes with the landlord and the few peasants who happened to be there, be ing unknown to them, of course. A little girl entered to buy wine for her father. "Tell me." said Don Alfonso, to the child, "have you seen the King since he has been at La Granfa?" "Only once," answered the girl. "He had on a beautiful uniform, but he is very ugly." The King taughed and told the story on himself. New York World. a - a a Judge Clark A. Smith told a good story to several new fledged lawyers who were visiting with him, and the youngsters enjoyed it thoroughly. In the old days, when oral examina tions were still the thing, an examining board was pommeling an applicant with questions from Blaekstone, Kent and other legal lights. "I aidn't study anything about these fellows," complained the applicant. "What did you study?" asked one of the judges. "I studied the statutes of the state," he replied. "I studied them hard. Ask me a question about them and I'll show you. There is where I got my legal knowledge." "My young friend," said one astute Judge on the examining board, "you had better be very careful, for some day the Legislature might meet and repeal every thing you know." Kansas City Journal. a e e Scott Bond, a rich Arkansas planter. Baid at the recent convention of the Na tional Negro Business League, in New York: "The open places are the places for you, the farm lands. You won't be sick out there, and the ground will love you like a brother. "I am an optimist for my farm brother. I know he must succeed. And any argu ment you bring against his success I can answer optimistically. In fact, I'm like Calhoun Washington, who said bravely, no matter what misfortune happened, Well, it might have been worse." "But the deacon thought he'd get the best of the optimist, Calhoun, and so he said to him one day: " 'I had a dreadful dream last night. I thought I saw the bad place. There was a great lake of boiling, blazing pitch, and we all were swimming in it you and I. and all our friends. And when we'd get near the shore and try to climb out imps with horns and tails would jab redhot pitchforks into our " 'Well, well.' said Calhoun. He thought a moment, then he added: "But it might have been worse, eh?" " 'How might it have been worse, you fool?' shouted the deacon angrily. " 'Why,' said Calhoun, 'it might have been true.' "Louisville Times. e e e If Sam Bernard is to be believed, one of the most common sins to which a frail humanity Is prone Is that of believing the worst in any given case. "There's my friend Jones," said Bernard. "I met Jones wobbling up Broadway the other night. Just before I got to htm Jones sought the comparative shelter of a lamp post. He giggled at me weakly when I touched him on the shoulder. " 'Come on, Jonesie,'. said I. 'I'll take you to the hotel and put you to bed.' "Jonesie looked at me for a moment and then he spoke. 'How far'sh hotel from here?" he asked. " 'About Ave minutes' walk.' " 'Huh,' said Jonesie, nodding his head. Fl' minutes' walk, huh? F'r you or f'r me?' "Now, I know what your conclusion is. You think that Jones was drunk, but how do you know he didn't have a wooden leg? One should always practice the virtue of charity. You remember the time Admiral 'Bob' Evans, walking down Broadway, came to one of his quarter masters. The sailor straightened up and saluted. Admiral Evans loked down and there lay another quartermaster, asleep in the gutter. "'Drunk, eh?' said Evans. "Oh. no. sir,' said the erect quarter master, deprecatingly. Ow. I wouldn't call him drunk, sir. I Just seen him move his .lingers a little." Cincinnati Times-Star. IN THE MAGAZINE SECTION OF THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN ETHEL PLUNGES INTO POLITICS Ethel and Jimmy, after their dissipation at the Horse Show, talk politics, or rather, Ethel talks politics to Jimmy. Written in May Kelly's best style, and illustrated with cartoons of Oregon political celebrities. CLOSE OF WIDE-OPEN GAMBLING AT RENO The last outpost of legalized gam ing in the United States is aban doned to a new Nevada law. E. F. Eunyon pictures in vivid colors the closing scenes around the faro tables and roulette wheels. NO COUNTRY FOR THE POOR MAN Paul Leland Haworth writes a descriptive article giving both sides of the "free farm" proposi tion in Northwestern Canada. "Only the strongest and most vig orous can get ahead there," is Mr. Haworth 's conclusion. UNDER THE ROSE; A NEW SERIES OF DETECTIVE STORIES Frederick Reddale is the author of a new series of detective storie3 which revolve around the person ality of Inspector Finney Valen tine. This week the story is en titled "The Deuce of Diamonds." THE EARLY STRUGGLES OF JAY BOWERMAN An interesting account of the rise of Jay Bowerman, Republi can candidate for Governor. His early struggles and bis conquest over many obstacles give clews to the character of a man who is now in the public eye. ORDER EARLY FROM YOUR NEWSDEALER