TXIE- MORNING OREGOXIAN. SATURDAY, AUGUST 13, 1910.
6
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yOITLi-fD, MTtkDAT. ArGlST 1. '
A.XABTHT.
Tho logic hlch Mr. Otto Bobsoln
employ In his latter on sjtArchism In
Tha Oregonian today, la somewhat less
rigorous than moat people win deem
necessary to defend bad cause. To
how how distressingly lax l 1
may be as well to Quote two parallel
pimiu. Early In the letter It Is
said that "Mr. Gayi jor himself Is more
of an anarchist than an archlst." Later
Mr. Bobeeln Info na ua that as Mayor.
Jodce Gaynor "made It plain to the
police that the law applies to them
Juat as much as to the private citizen."
Now. an anarchist Is one who does not
fcelleve that the law ought to apply
to anybody, private dtlsen, police
man, kins; or peasant.' Mr. Gaynor
cannot believe In anarchy and law
enforcement at the same time.
The word anarchy means lawless
ness and anarchists are people who
desire to do away completely with all
government. Mr. Bobseln himself un
derstands the word In this sense, for
In the remark about Gaynor which we
have quoted he contrasts "anarchist"
with "archlst," that Is. one who does
not believe In law with one who does
believe In It. His contention that
some anarchists are not "terrorists"
may pass for what It Is worth. They
all advocate what they call "direct
action." and If this does not Imply
terrorism when the occasion calls for
It. we are glad to be enlightened.
Some anarchists are not openly ter
rorists, but all terrorists are anar
chists, and moreover, every anarchist.
however peaceable his disposition may
be. preaches the doctrine from which
terrorism flows.
The doctrine that g-overnment Is an
evil and law tyranny Is responsible
for most of the assassinations of pub
lic men which have occurred during
the last fifty years. The assassins
find In the theory of anarchy the In
citement to their deeds and the phil
osophical Justification for them. Uow
much difference Is there morally be
tween a man who preaches a doctrine
which Incltea murder and one who
actually commits murder? It cannot
be very wide. Mr. Bobeeln's plea that
the anarchists "are simply unterrifled
Jtffersonian Democrats" need not
mislead anybody. If they are In fact
Democrats why do they need a new
name for themselves? Why not call
themselves Jeffersonlan Democrats. If
that is what they truly are? Jefferson
was a great believer In liberty, but
h did not advocate the abolishment
of government and law. It la true he
said that the best government Is the
one which governs least, but we know
he did not mean that anarchy was a
desirable condition. He only meant
that the best government Interferes
least with the rights of the citizen.
He knew very well that without law
and Its enforcement the citizen would
have no rights. The world would riot
In blood and lust, like Europe at the
enl of the thirteenth century, when
for years there was practically
no government, either ecclesiastical
or civil. In some countries, and the
misery of their condition drove men
mad by the million. It Is only a fool
who would try to escape the undenia
ble errors of most governments by de
stroying civilization altogether. What
Jefferson desired was to make gov
ernment serve tha public welfare, as
we learr from the entire tenor of his
writing.
This Is what Mayor Gaynor also
desires. It Is little short of scan
c'.ilous to call him an anarchist be
cause he wishes to make government
Mtse and beneficial. The anarchists
wish to destroy government. Every
act of Judge Gaynor since he became
M.iyor haa been In the direction of
rtrenrtbenlng the law, extending Its
control to every class and condition
and enlarging the usefulness of the
governmental machinery. He objects
tj the perversion of the machinery,
not to the Institution Itself. This Is
true of most of our rising statesmen.
With few exceptions they are on rec
ord r its Inst the futilities and abuses
of r.v. directed governmental machin
ery. Mr. Taft says our criminal Jur
isprudence ts a disgrace. Mr. Roose
velt m. the laws hare been devised
t exalt money above human life. The
press teems with words of this Im
port from public men of high stand
ing. Does that mske them anar
chists? Certainly not. They strive to
make tha laws Just, to make the gov
ernment rigorously Impartial, to
throw open the courts to rich and
poor on tha same terms. In other
words, they purpose to establish gov
ernment on enduring foundations of
Justice and righteousness. This Is
something very different from destroy
ing It. One might as well say that
the ship carpenter wrecks a vessel
when he builds It as to say that Mayor
Gaynor Is an anarchist.
Persons who wish to obtain the
most favorable view of modern anar
chy which truth allows will be Inter
ested In an article 0a the subject In
the current number of the Hlbbert
Journal, one of the most scholarly
philosophical periodicals In the world.
The writer admits that the latest ten
dency of the propaganda Is away from
terrorism and toward a system of
extra-legal organization. The dream
seems to be that mankind may be In
duced to unite In purely voluntary
croupe which shall perform all the
services of government without Its
expense and compulsion. Whether any
uch dream Is ever likely to be real
ized each person must decide for him
self. How much warrant does the
history of the world afford for ex
pecting It? Have not men murdered.
stolen, ravaged and run. wild every
nu r, Sunday In-Iuaeo. six m j
Iiallr. Sunday laelud'4. tbrea month. . 2 -J
really. Sunday Included. Ona moDlh
rn:r. I'.hout Sunday, on year.. "?
ri t v ithmi Husdif. a-.a months.... a i
where and always aa soon as they
escaped rom the restraint of the
law? .
OJfE KTCD Or COXSEBTATKMt.
The news from Alaska carries a dis
patch that is worth reprinting here
for the purpose of showing the prac
tical operation of extreme conserva
tion:
JlNEAC Alaska. Anr. It With millions
9 fit nnm Irln. linfflllfhM In tha hi
taila coal fields. Junaau la la tha frtp of a
coal famine. Tha ataamnin compamee nava
jn ni.t.iw Mhuut - tbalr retail eupply.
and tha situation la becoming acuta. Tha
city haa a a all auppiy ana is mn
amounts to thoaa who ara In graataat aaad.
Coal everywhere, millions and bil
lions of tons, and not a pound to burn,
Are the resources of Alaska for utili
sation by Its residents, or shall the
present generation be Ignored and the
coal there held for the remote and
unborn future?
If Secretary Ballinger shall be able
to undo the mischief . to Alaska
wrought by the amazing folly and in
justice of his predecessor, his name
will deserve to be placed in history
alongside Seward's. Seward acquired
Alaska, Ptnchot enslaved It. Can Bal
linger free It?
lN rORTVN ATE l LTIMATK tXJVSl KKR.
From Topeka. Kan, comes the
news that the railway employes have
started a movement for Increase -of
freight rates. This is a new tack on
an old course, by people who are feel
ing the effect of stationary wages and
a climbing market for the necessities
of life. Aa the proper way to change
an effect Is to begin at the cause, the
railroad employes display more fair
ness toward their employers than is
sometimes shown by dissatisfied work
ers who strike first, and exercise their
reasoning powers afterwards. The
"higher cost of living" has permeated
every avenue of Industry, and the er
fort to shift the load which this in
crease Involves Is a problem which Is
engaging the attention of every one
who is affected by It. The great con
sumlng public that uses transportation
and the manufactured products which
are the results of labor are caught be
tween the opposing forces of labor and
the employers of labor, and as yet
have found no avenue for escape.
An Increase In freight rates will be
distributed between the railroads and
ther employes, and the sum total of
this Increase will oe pal a oy me peo
ple who use the transportation. The
principle Involve In the movement of
the railroad employes Is somewnai
perplexing. It may prove all right,
providing It la not carried too far.
However. It presents a Held for spec
ulation as to the unlimited possibili
ties which are offered by the new sys
tem for advancing rates. It will not
distress the railroad company to ad
vance wages to xhe. employes when
ever they are requested, providing the
employes can Induce the public to
stand for a corresponding advance in
rates. Naturally the railroads could
be depended on to fix the Increase In
rates far enough above the Increase
In wagea to meet any emergencies
which might arise.
The laborer Is worthy of his hire,
and the "ultimate consumer." a most
important factor In footing the bills
and a negligible factor In regulating
their dimensions, has no desire to
question his worthiness In that respect.
It Is steadily becoming more difficult,
however, for the consumer to bear his
share of the burden, and there do not
seem to be many avenues open
through which he can escape It.
rourtES or secretary baluxger.
A large and Interested audience met
Secretary Ballinger at the Portland
Commercial Club yesterday. They lis
tened to the clearest and most closely
stated definition of the policies gov
erning his official acts that has pub
licly been given. A noticeable feat
ure was that It was affirmative in es
sencedeclaratory, not defensive.
Personal questions were not raised.
Policies were discussed, with the
clarity and calmness suited to the
great Issues which touch so vitally
Oregon and the other states of the
Pacific.
With the speaker's commendation
of economy and frugality as the hand
maids that should wait on the admin
istration of ail departments of the Na
tion's public life, we shall all agree
and wish him good luck In their appli
cation to all the work of the great
department over which he presides.
The line being then drawn between
the extreme theories of conservation
and the practical development of that
policy adopted and practiced by the
Administration of President Taft. the
following points were made: Shall
the extreme conservation be adopted
which leads straight to the control
and even ownership by the Federal
Government of unused and undevel
oped natural resources, within the
territorial boundaries, and, when de
veloped, falling under the admitted
Jurisdiction of the several states? Or
shall the states great Interest In all
guarantee the wise and prudent use
of such undeveloped and unused re
sources through the states' control
and eupervision of the same? Shall
not the control of water-power sites
be exercised by the state having Juris
diction over tha water which gives to
the sites their value? General laws
may fitly prohibit and forestall In
jurious monopoly and fraudulent ac
quisition. But there the limit stands
between the National and the states'
governrnent-
The common-sense view of the
Alaska coal situation was taken thus:
The gigantic total of 15,000.000.000
tons of known Alaska coal are waiting
for the work of the miner. How soon
ran enough be brought to market to
save the Nation the difference between
the 17 a ton of West Virginia coal
paid by the Navy on the Pacific and
the $4 price of the Alaska coal? How
soon ran the people of these states be
furnished with Alaska coal Instead of
relying on British Columbia and Van
couver Island mines?
And the millions of acres of land
now held In forest reserves which are
not forest land, but will meet the
need of thousands of homeseekera.
now crowding to these Western States:
shall not the boundaries of all these
reserves be so redrawn as to open such
lands for public use?
These questions The Oregonian has
been placing before its readers for
months past. With reasonable con
servation that Is. the frugal and eco
nomical development and the guar
dianship from destruction of all these
undeveloped resources, waiting In
these Pacific States especially, for the
progress of the Nation to Justify and
demand their early use. the people of
Oregon have no quarrel. But the de
sirethe snxlous wish of this paper
Is to uphold the -hands of those who
are loyally striving to give the men of
this generation their toll share of the
benefits that rightly follow from their
citizenship In these young states
of
the Pacific Coast.
A SLIN'OLY THOUGHT.
Even if General Marlon P. Maus
should never raise the fund which he
dreams of to support worn-out dogs
In Alaska, people of kindly- feejings
will applaud his Intention. It must
be a pitiable spectacle to behold these
faithful animals, which have spent
years in the service of their owners,
turned out In their last days to freeze
or starve In the rigors of the northern
Winter. How would the man who is
a-ullty of such inhumanity feel should
he meet one of them in the pangs of
a miserable death after all it had
earned for him?
- In the school reading books .there
used to be a poem about a horse
which had worked many years for a
pitiless old wretch, but when its
strength failed -he drove it out tooth
less and limping on the road to die.
The poor beast. In the extremity of
hunger, finally wandered Into the
doorway of the village church and
began to gnaw at the bellrope. As It
feebly worked for a meal naturally the
bell began to ring and all the towns
men rsn to the church to see what the
trouble might be. ' Among them was
the old miser. Moved to wrath by his
cruelty the villagers gave him the
good beating he deserved and bade
him take the horse home and feed It
as long as it lived. If he did not obey
they would duck him In the pond
through the Ice. Thus happily the
horse was rescued from ' Its misery.
But It was only one. There are no
poems which tell of all the others be
ing rescued. . What becomes of the
horses from the farms when they can
work no more? Where do the big
dray horses go when their teeth drop
our and their les totter? As long as
they are'smooth and vigorous every
body pets them. ' It Is not uncommon
to see a driver on the street caressing
some especially handsome drayhorse,
but what happens to the poor thing
wher. It Is no longer handsome?
There is nothing more psinful than to
see lsme old horses limping along the
street as they drag a baggage cart or
an express wsgon with the heartless
driver perched on the seat. Often the
man Is better able to draw the outfit
than the beast Is. For all except some
especially- happy creatures old age is
a time of woe. Perhaps Jit may occur
to somebody to extend General Maus
project to horses and even farther.
4 DOU.
Senator Heyburn, of Idaho, does not
keep himself welt Informed on Amer
ican political history. The other night
at a Republican rHeetlng he swore and
tore around because the band, played
"Dixie." Men under SO can remem
ber when It would have been worth
a man's life to attempt that stirring
tune north of the Ohio River, but ever
since April. 1898, when "rebs" and
"yanks" fought for the privilege of
fighting Spain. "Dixie has had a place
In the patriotic music of the United
States.
Sectional feeling in politics, unfor
tunately, has not died out, but we
have no sectional melodies now. Per
haps Senator Heyburn will be sur
prised, not to say shocked, to learn
that on Memorial day last year In
Portland the Grand Army of the Re
public In procession marched to the
tune of "Dixie." If these gray veter
ans were not offended, the Idaho Sen
ator need not be. It is more than
forty-five years since Appomattox.
SEXATOB GORE'S DEUCATI YIRTT.E.
The delicate virtue of Senator
Gore was so sorely assailed that he
needs, must advertise his Immaculate
Innocence. This he considers a grand
political stroke. It Is full of buncombe
and sensational demagoglsm.
The Senator has no personal knowl
edge that Vice-President Sherman' was
"interested" In the Indian land con
tracts; against his hearsay assertion
stands the fiat denial of the Vice-President;
also the fiat denial of. Repre
sentative McGuIre and Senator Curtis
that they were "interested." The only
confirmatory evidence is that of Rep
resentative Creager. also of Oklahoma,
who says that Hamon offered him a
"share" same way, aa Gore says, Ha
mon offered him.
But the tale looks "fishy," even
though Senator Gore may be honest
In an Imaginary recital. That Hamon
should attempt to bribe Gore to defeat
the latter's bill does not sound log
ical. Hamon Is not counted a sense
less fool; nor on the other hand would
defeat of Gore's bill have helped the
$2,000,000 contract business; it never
had any show of going through. The
President and Secretary Ballinger re
garded It as excessive, and so did
everybody else.
It Is impossible for the investigating
committee to verify the Gore charges.
They are obvious hearsay. They tell
nothing precise, nothing definite.
All that there ts to the charges is an
Imaginary test of Senator Gore's vir
tue. While In any event all of us are
glad Senator Gore came out of the or
deal so proudly, many of us wonder
why he has seen fit to make such loud
parade of hia escape. Can it be that
virtue is not sufficiently Its own re
ward? THE PBCM nCDTOTRV.
Not many years since quite a mania
for setting out prune trees overran
Oregon and part of Washington. Ap
ple and pear-planting was neglected.
and prune orchards were seen on hills
and in valleys and In well-nigh every
kind of soil. Culture of the tree and
Its needs In soli and exposure were
not thoroughly understood by the com
mon man. W hen. in three or four
years time. Oregon prunes fame Into
the market In competition with Cali
fornia fruit, the usual thing happened.
Prices for the new product fell until
little profit was left for the grower.
California fruit held its own. In qual
ity, quantity and "price.
Whereupon many Oregon growers
set to work to cut down their prune
trees and plow up their orchards. The
wiser sort held on and studied causes
for comparative failure and their rem
edies. The first thing proved was
that areas In which perfect prunes
could be grown, and especially where
the trees prospered as years passed.
were not so extensive in Oregon aa
first Imagined. Then different pro
cesses of drying were compared, and
many of the first bought driers were
thrown out. The early dangers of the
fruit cracking In drying, of too quick
evaporation, of want of uniformity In
product from uneven distribution of
heat, were overcome. Then again in
many orchards seemingly vigorous
trees began , to pine and dwindle,
branches dried out and withered, and
roots failed to give due nourishment.
More prune orchard owners were dis
gusted and more prune trees dug up
Fortunately for this, one of the
great orchard industries of Oregon,
many faithful men were left who be
lieved such troubles, due to Insuffi
cient knowledge of the art and mys-
tery of prune-growing, drying and
marketing, were curable. ' So these
men set to work to cultivate their
orchards. The plow, the disc-harrow,
and cultivator were Ikept at work.
Trees were pruned close, diseased ones
cut down, well-grown and vigorous
young ones set out. The orchards
took on fresh life. ' Better fruit was
grown and much more of It to the
tree.
Probably the opinion . expressed by
Mr. Tillson, of Salem, in The Orego
nian yesterday. Is right, that the
Douglas County orchards, especially
those In the Umpqua Valley, bear the
prize. Certainly in vigorous growth,
and proof of care, they would be hard
to match. But prur.egrowers gener
ally may take heart throughout Ore
gon. Quality and price have so risen
that comparison with California fruit
Is no longer to be feared. Recurring,
for a moment, to the early maturity
and equally early aging and dwindling
of many of these trees, it would be
interesting to have tried out the sug
gestion of the late Professor Cooke,
of the Oregon Agricultural College,
that our plan of budding prunes on to
peach stocks. Instead of on to plums of
various kinds, affected the longevity
of the trees.
Since the days of the old Oregon
Steam Navigation Company the trans
portation lines," which for the past ten
years have been commonly designated
as the Harrlman lines, have played an
Important part In the development of
the Pacific Northwest. Judge Lovett,
on whose shoulders has fallen the
melntle of power formerly worn by the
late E. H. Harrlman, Is now looking
over the Immense field In which the
Harrlman Interests have always been
the dominant factor In transportation
circles. The new railroad king has
not yet had an opportunity to estimate
thoroughly the magnitude of his do
main, or arrange for all of the neces
sary changes and Improvements
therein. But the frank, outspoken
manner In which Mr. Lovett an
nounces his Intention of doing what
ever Is necessary to do In order to
protect the interests of the lines for
which he Is the executive head leaves
no room for doubt that he will do
what Is right for Oregon. The field is
too great and there is too much at
stake for Oregon to. be longer neglect
ed. Aa it was the ability of Judge
Lovett to cope with large problems
that placed him In one of the foremost
railroad positions in the United States,
It Is a certainty that Oregon will re
ceive full and proper consideration at
his hands. v
Theories, no matter how. fantastic
ally or carefully constructed, never
did have much standing In the face of
cold, hard. Incontrovertible facts.
Our foreign trade repeatedly offers
examples which prove this. For in
stance, we find the ship-subsidy seek
ers deploring the lack of shipping in
which to handle our foreign trade, and
lugubriously, predicting that we can
never secure our full share of the
business until we get a ship subsidy.
Meanwhile there. Is so much more
shipping than there is freight to ship
that Oriental liners running out of
North ' Pacific ports are carrying
freight clear across the Pacific, more
thau 6000 miles, as low as S2 and
11.60 per ton, with 3 per ton openly
quoted to all comers. As this Is less
than the usual rate for carrying freight
a few hundred miles along the Amer
ican coast, it would seem. that if our
foreign trade ever was really ham
pered by lack of shipping, now was the
accepted time for It to be turned loose.
Unfortunately or fortunately, the
statement that our foreign trade is
suffering from lack of tonnage is fic
tion. The low rates to the Orient are
facts.
The "poor, benighted Hindu, who
does the best he kin do," is again at
tracting public attention on account of
the large and rapidly increasing num
bers of the race attempting to enter
the United States. While It would
puzzle most people to discover in the
Hindu any points of advantage over
the Japanese and the Chinese, the pro
tection of the British flag extends far
ther over him than either of the other
races. The Hindu is a British subject,
and 4n some respects he has points of
advantage over some of the Cauca
sians, who sail under that flag. For
all that, he possesses traits that bar
htm from the ranks of desirable citi
zens, and if the Government can dis
cover means for keeping back the
swelling tide of somber-faced, tur-
baned children of the Far East, it Willi
have conferred a benefit on society in
general, and the laboring man in par
ticular. Old Jupiter is somewhat careless In
the distribution of his favors. While
forest fires are destroying property
and even life In the Pacific Northwest
and there Is a great shortage In the
rainfall, great floods causing heavy
property loss are sweeping over Japan.
In Toklo alone 30,000 houses are sub
merged, and thousands of people are
hungry and homeless. The loss In the
aggregate runs Into millions. A distri
bution of moisture much nearer equal
would have left the American conti
nent with sufficient rain to bring the
Spring wheat along to maturity and
put out the 'forest fires. This would
have relieved the pressure In Japan, so
that there would have been no loss by
floods. As yet Nature has Bhown np
disposition to favor either localities or
countries in her distribution of rain
fall. '
It may sound harsh, yet some of
these unfortunates who attempt to
leave this world might better be al
lowed their way than to bring them
back to more years of misery. Many
of them must ere long repeat the at
tempt. '
Oregon's political "Who's Who?" to
be Issued by the State Printer next
month, when all the candidates shall
have furnished - their portraits and
obituaries," win be valuable as a ref
erence In years to come.
The world Is probably as much In
terested In the love affairs of the Duke
of Abruzzi and Miss Elklns as it is in
those of the policeman on the beat
and the cook- Why don't they marry
and have done with it?
Another loafer on the dirty corner
has been fined for expectorating. Let
the cleanlng-up process continue. .
In a crusade against gun "toters,"
why sot disarm local Chinese I ,
WHY DOT MEW KEEP C LEA XT
laplenaant Thlags That Wo eat Most
Endure From the Other Sex.
PORTLAND. Aug. 12. (To the Edi
tor.) Bv way of reply to an article in
a recent issue, under the caption.
"Needed: An Arbiter of Fashions,"
woQld submit the following:
' I believe the United States needs an
arbitrator, but not to prevent women
from wearing "reinforced stocks or
sending their shirtwaists to public
laundries. But we do need an "arbi
trator" to look into the general filthy
condition of men's wearing apparei
that you are forced to Bit by in the
f-riwrtnri street cars, lunch tables, or
flees, work shODS and thousands of
other places where one has to mingle
with his fellow beings.
Jimt think of a shoo R-irl, stenogra
pher or a woman or girl In any line
whereby she is earning an honest dol
lar going. to work every working day
for six. months, a year or perhaps two
years with the same dress, same hat,
same smelling sox and shoesr even to
a whole celluloid collar.
Just ston and think of it. Would
tha men c-iva her a seat in the street-
ear? Would thev like to see their
daua-hter with her collar limp and
dirty shirtwaist on, standing first on
one foot, then on the other, while she
wan hanflrlnr to a stran?
No, Indeed: but if a woman or girl
should neglect her personal pride
enoueh to wear her scrub clothes back
and forth to work she could hang on
the bottom steD or to a strap until she
fainted. and the . same men who
a wearing 190S clothes without
ever having sent them' to the cleaners
or washtub would get up and give the
neat, clean, well-groomed girl with a
"reinforced collar." with celluloid
stays (manufactured by man, fashioned
by man, and a man drawing a royalty
on) the seat or give her two to four
Inches of width of the seat to sit on.
Many of us are forced to be packed
In a crowded car carrying an average
of 120 people every morning and even
ing with the above sort of men good,
honest, noble-hearted fellows, some
amelllna- of Eau de Cologne, others
smelling of various odors not so high
nrieed for Instance. clB-arettes, tobac
co, drinks of all odors, free iunches
aaaaoned with onions, garlic etc- etc.
spearmint chewing gum, cloves and
several unmentionables even more nu
merous.
You ask. what are the poor working
men to do? Change their clothes like
the women have to da; put them in
the wash tub at least once a week or
soak them while they take a free oatn
in the river.
The Good Book says, "Cleanliness is
next to Godliness."
We will forgive .Dr. Wheeler ' for
finding "tubers" In our fried chicken
or even in our watermelons if he will
cleanse the patrons of the streetcars.
I think it not unlikely that someone
of these individuals "got wise" and
sent a bundle to the laundry (and
wants to lay it on the women after the
old Adam style) and the blow nearly
killed the woman.
AMELIA.
. i
CRIPPLE AJVD MILLIONAIRE'S DOG.
One-Leered Maa Is Refoaed the Chance
to Earn a Living.
PORTLAND, Aug. 10. (To the Edi
tor.) In The Oregonian today appears
an item of a dog whose friends and
companions hired a special Pullman
car at an expense of more than $2000
so that he might cross the continent
in comfort rather than be consigned
to the baggage-car.
About the same time that this item
was being read by thousands of people
throughout the State of Oregon
through the medium of The Oregonian,
an ordinance was up in the City Coun
cil of this great and prosperous city
to permit a one-legged man to sell
popcorn on the streets of Portland
without paying a license. This ordi
nance was defeated and -the man con
signed to pick such a living as he
could. . Only- seven out of IS in the
Council were Interested and willing
that this one-legegd human derelict
should have an opportunity to live, and
so voted. The story of the case is, that
although the man had lost one leg, he
bravely went on the street and sold
papers in order to support his family
rather than become a charge on tho
city or county. A few citizens seeing
his helpless plight, and to get him out
of the pelting Winter rains, bought a
wagon and started him in the popcorn
business. The recent ordinance passed
by the Council demanding a $600 license
put this man out of business, and this
special ordinance was asked for, sim
ply for the purpose of giving him an
opportunity to start until he could get
enough money together to pay the
license, but the Council saw fit to de
cide that this man should not have the
privilege of-earning a living.
I have no criticism to offer. The
reader is left to draw his own conclu
sions. The sympathy of the majority
of the Council would undoubtedly be
with the poor dog compelled to cross
the continent In a warm Pullman car
In dusty Summer weather. The men on
the roll of honor who voted to grant
a permit In the above case are Driscoll,
Dunning, Concannon, Baker, Watkins,
Beldlng and Rushlight.
L. SAMUEL.
LOSS DEEPLT FELT IN SEATTLE
Residents of Washington aa Well aa
Oregon Are Personally Bereaved.
SEATTLE, Wash, Aug. 12 Speaking
for the Seattle Chamber of Commerce
and reflecting the sentiment of this city
and this state, we desire to give ex
pression to a deep sense t)f loss in the
death of Harvey W. Scott. '
No other man has been so Intimately
and so influentially identified over such
a long period of time with the progress
of the Paclflo Northwest. The abrupt
end of his career while yet in full pos
session of his wonderful talents and in
a nosltion to exert more potently than
"ever the wholesome Influence of his in
tellect and personality is a misfortune
to the entire Nation and assumes al
most the nature of a personal "bereave
ment to the residents of Washington as
well as of Oregon.
. J. D. LOWMAN, President.
C B. YANDELL, Secretary. .
Mostly Right, Always Meant to Be.
CHICAGO, Aug. II. I am very sorry
for The Oregonian, for Portland, for
Oregon and the whole Pacific North
west and for myself a a fellow-countryman,
owing to the passing of Har
vey W. Scott. I shall always be glad
that I was privileged to know him and
count him as my friend. We did not
always agree, but he was mostly right
and always meant to De rignt.
J. C. STUBBS.'
W. J, Famish Mourns.
BPRINGMONT. Gibbon P. O.. Aug. 10.
I am deeply grieved by the death of
Hon. H. W. Scott. By his death this
country has suffered a great loss, one
which for Oregon, and Portland in par
ticular. Is Irreparable.
I have esteemed and enjoyed his
friendship and shall sincerely mourn
him. Please be kind enough to con
vey to his bereaved family my sincerest
sympathy. W. J. FURNISH.
Mr. Selling Sends Sympathy.
REVELSTOKE. B. C, Aug. 12. Have
Just learned of your great bereavement.
Please accept my heartfelt sympathy.
I have known Mr. Scott more than 40
yean. He wss always my rnena ana i
mourn with you. Oregon has lost one
of Its grandest men. BEN SELLING.
' Alphabetical. -
A capital goiter was G.
Ha drove from a capital T.
And tba worda ha Jat fall
When addressing tba ball.
Ail began with a capital Dl - aLlfs,
EVERY ACRE IS ESSENTIAL
Secretary Ballinger Points Out Fallacies of Policy That Would Pnt Valu
able Resources in "Cold Storage.
Following is the text of Secretary Bel
linger's address delivered before the Com
mercial Club yesterday:
Perhaps mora people are cuiioua to know
what conservation means than' anything
else. A propaganda or crusade haa bean
pursued throughout tha country for aoma
time, confusing rather than elucidating and
simplifying this question. If It does not
mean frugality and economy in the use of
all things which make for the happiness of
man. It means nothing. We -all know -what
frugality and economy mean In their ap
plication to Ufa In Its varied phases. Primi
tive man had tew wants and they were
sppplled by animal effort and Instinct rather
than through tha combination of physical
and mental struggles within commercial
requirements as in civilised communities.
As man emerged from his early beginnings
and his social and Intellectual qualities
were developed hia wants Increased, his am
bitions advanced, and his needs became
vastly enlarged. It is no longer food, rai
ment and shelter which makes up the essen
tial needs of man. Tha march of civilisa
tion, has none the less made food, raiment
and shelter necessary. It has, however,
made commerce and Industrial pursuits, ra
Uglcn, education, science, art and govern
ment necessary for tha welfare and happi
ness of mankind. Frugality and economy
is but one of tha aasantial virtues required
of men In their daily life. cleanliness,
physical welfare, morality, energy. patriot
Ism and many other qualities are equally
essential to the-progress and happmess ol
the race. What, then. Is there In conser
vation that can be made a political Issue,
or, for that matter, a National issue, any
more than it has always been an issue, just
aa patriotism, civic virtue, and righteous
ness have always been Issues. What is
there about it that calls for excitement,
bitterness of spirit or contention? Noth
ing! The explanation of popular excitement
Is in the fact that many people have been
led to believe that conservation holds the
secret of our National well-being. The dem
agogue, the fanatic, the sentimentalist, the
faddist are crusading under the banner of
conservation mainly because it Is popular
and holds the attention of the hour. Their
energies, money and time might be equally
employed on any other human virtue with
tha same argument, but such reformers are
more like torrents, generally doing more
damage by floods than by the eteaay flow
of a useful stream, seldom keeping within
the- banks provided by a well-balanced
judgment. No one who holds the future
welfare of bis country dear will concede
the right to waste our natural resources.
But what Is waste?- There Is no use to
which any of . our resources can be put
that does not result in some waste. The
best dennitlon of the conservative use of
natural resources is that given by Dr. Hayes,
of the Geological Survey, as "utilisation
with a maximum efficiency and a minimum
waste."
Conservation Includes TJser.
Of waste there has been, we all regret to
. .. . ... i manv Instances.
aamii, a prvnieo ucgiwi ' j
The most aggravating examples are In the im-
poverlsnmenr. ol our sons auu mo
methods of mining and lumbering tha akim
mlng of the cream with a reckless disre
gard for the future; but we witness for
lack of proper safeguards and concern a
continued waste of timber from forest
fires, the moat destructive of all agencies.
There la also a waste of water resources
In their lack of conservative development
for all the various material uses of which
they are capable. The streams that flow
unrestrained -to tha sea are wasting the soils
needed today to cheapen our food supplies
and are likewise wasting the electric power
needed for irrigation and Industrial service.
Any scheme of conservation of natural
resources, which omits the element of use,
either Immediate or proximate, can never
carry the weight of reason, for, ss the
President has said, "The problem is how to
save and how to utilize, how to conserve
and still develop, for no sane person can
contend that It Is for the common good
that natures blessings are only for unborn
generations." , t
ijeyoiia me ibmiw
the doctrinaire accomplished, unless it De
the nysteria oi conawvau.
Bested any practical methods by way of leg
islation for disposing of the remainder of
the public lands so as to give the public
better safeguards against existing abuses?
The fact is all the substantial progress that
has been made In this direction has been
.... . . . 1 . snnc-Aa " - tlA result
enacteo. oy iw -- - - . ,
of reoommendatlons Initiated by this Ad
ministration. Tms is true ol .
ing to withdrawals of publio lands, em
powering me i-resiueiiL. w -.J -----
C. Hinn.l,lnn aiih of the UUbllO
domain as may do ncceij . .
tlon or to classify, etc; of the act separating
i ...... A nal Innda from
tno SBncuiiuiM . .. w. - .
the deposit so that the same may be entered
by the nomesteaaer; ai-v lll o.l.l
vuo.ouv in cwwiitai w - -
pletlon the existing rain.uijn
and the jniroaucLiun vl ' - -
methods in the construction of these works
with the least possioie Duruen upull i
tier whoi ultimately paya the cost. Extreme
. i ..-4a. in thalr lnjtt analysis
may mean uovrninni u w " "
atlon. not merely iiuw ujjci 1
. l . .11 inaiI1.A nrnner use. Thev pro
ceed on the theory that the states are not
to be trusted to take care of their natural
resources. This position is Illustrated by
a recent magazine article, which announces
that conservation means that all minerals
shall remain me pnjpoi u l
ment and be developed on a royalty basis
and that water power shall be leased lor
short terms, or developed by the Government-
and appended to the article ts a blank
. . . . .......ct. tila readers
rorm wnicn iqo bo . -
All oat and mall to candidates for election
to-the sad Lxmgrese.
Not All Officers Wasteful.
Because some states have been wasteful
or their public officers have been corrupt
In the sale or disposal of their public land
l. -I nnt fnllnw that HO State CM
safely manage Its own affairs in this par-
. - .l.AMlaa wwr ft. , 1 FIJI tflll"
tlCUlar. TO axgu-j omoiw waa.sa "
tamount to saying that because some men
need guardian to prevent them wasting
1..t..a A. hDrfnrA a.11 men must
LllCir lUUIlCMI.n, -uv. ,
have ruardians. It is equally fallacious to
. . . - aM V, m Traa afftnlrAd
larire areas of public lands by unlawful
j moti-nri none must hereafter
HUU lllJi
nass to private ownership.
r . .j tha avtrAms. ronserva-
1 no irapBiieuto jl t-" -
tlonist in awaiting the carrying out of legal
and rational methods of safeguarding the
. ,, j, Haa ITlnfftrnte-f. bv the
PUOllC UW"""U aa-W ..
story told by Lincoln, according to Rotn-
child's "Lincoln, me "l ,
- . ti 11 I. -nrrin Via sttllf. iir 1B.W.
ieiiow mi iiiiu - -
but had never tried a case. He was sued,
and, not having confidence in his ability
to manage his own case, employed a lawyer
to manage it for him- He had only a
confused idea, of tha meaning of law terms,
. i aba a. rllgnlnV of IfiAm-
Dul was Bniiuu w ,
ing. and. at tho. trial, constantly made sug
gestions to nis -"v u
attention to him. At last, fearing that his
. ..A hanHiiTiv that nnoosinz eoun-
sel very well, he lost his patience and,
springing w nu iwu
. ui- v-iv. ti-fa demurrer, a
yjl KU L t asms "- -
capias, a surrebutter, or a ne exeat, or some
thing, and not stand tfcere like a nudum pac
tum or a non est." '
The present administration has proceeded
actively with the withdrawal of the public
, s m -i-cfla tin snH ltrl slat ion and
lanas r tMwsuva,.vU -
last Winter submitted suggestions for leg
islation providing ior ,mw
coal. oil. phosphate lands, and water power
sites. The withdrawals made or ratified
cover an approximate area of abont 70,000,
00O acres, of which about 47,000,000 acre
are coal lands withdrawn for classification
and valuation. Since March 4. 1909. 20,-
.u ........ ..... 1 n ..I fl.H nnrt re
uw.vw s:rea " v .
stored to entry and tha work of classifica
tion is proceeding as rap.u.r aa luhu.
able will permit. About l.SOO.OOO acres of
land surrounding water-power sites, cover-
. . . . i n .i i ff .on t fmp.mH. nn the
ing puruuLip lil i - . -
public domain have been withdrawn and
several bills are -now pending In Congress
looking to tha dispoaltlon of such sites. In
, - . i. ...... t . . , th tat. nwn and
view ul ii.w Lai.. - ,
control the waters necessary for develop
ment. It wouio seem lili iLLw iuub. ' " ' "
and practical method for the proper de
velonment of water power would be to trans
fer these sites to the states upon express
condition that they aispose oi mera ior
velopment, under such limitations and under
such provisions aa will secure maximum de
velopment and utilisation, and at the same
time give to the public full protection from
extortion or injurious monopoly. In this
connection. I may say that the contention
that the Interior Department may, under
existing law, exact a charge irom tne
public for the use or rnese power silos is
utterly without foundation. Tho act of
1901. the only law providing for the ac
quisition oi ' '
trical power on the public domain. In no
waT authorizes or permits the collection of
any rsnuu c . --- -- .-
resnect to the laws granting rights of way
any rental or cowso, i m un.
for irrigation or for railroad or telegraph
lines. In all cases wnere vongresa nas
seen 'fit to exact any charge tor the sale
Lll. 1... 1. La. 1... 1 ...
or use oi puunv uo -j j ex
pressly fixed the flat or .minimum charge.
The authority to exact a charge for such
rights of way within National forests, if
n exLL m : - . . i
special set relating otuy to .anas uj
forests, and has no application to the un
reserved public domain.
x Water Power Is Vital.
The relative importance of the use of
water powers ma be classed aa First,
municipal: second. Irrigation; third, mining
and commercial. Each is of vital Interest
to the large body of our citizens. Where-:
ever a demand exists for the use of elec
trical power for any of the purpoaes above
outlined, development should not be for
bidden or hindered, but should be en
couraged underproper conditions. Accord
ing to the estimates of the Geological Sur
voy, the total maximum water power still
undeveloped In the United States equals
6.jou,lh)u horsepower, of which about one
third Is In the basins of the Columbia and
Sacramento Rivers. The total hydro-electric
water power now developed is 5.35a,
000 horsepower, of which one-tenth is at
Niagara Falls, New York, and a very large
proportion in the Eastern States.
It is also estimated by the aame authority
that the coal supply of the United States,
exclusive of Alaska, amounts to about 3,0H.
000.000,000 of tons, of which about 1,000,
000.000.000 are in the public domain. With
1200 square mllea of known coal area In
Alaska, containing an estimated amount of
15,000.000,000 tons of coal, some of the
very best quality, Alaska buys most of her
coal in British Columbia, and the United
States Navy on the Paclttc obtains Its coal
from tha Pocahontas helds of West Vir
ginia at a cost to tha Government of $7 a
ton, of which about S5 per ton Is represent
ed by the freight charges around Cape
Horn. In addition, the colliers which carry
this coal consume during the voyage about
one-fifth of the coal they carry. I am In
formed that -a good quality of soft coal
costs the people of your city from Sv to 1J
por ton. and that coal of equal or superior
quality could, if the mines o Alaska were
in operation, be laid down at Portland at
from 3 to ti per ton.
Surely none of bur people prefer dark
ness to light, or cold to warmth, or hunger
to food. If they desire and need these es
sentials to comfort, they cannot be obtained
easily and cheaply with our National re
sources -bottled up" or in "cold storage.
They should be obtained by permitting and
encouraging rational Individual use and de
velopment under laws Federal and state,
which will prevent unnecessary waste and
monopolistic extortion.
Alaska's Iawi Inadequate.
The older states, as they ceased . to b
publio land states, have had the full bene
fit of the generosity of this Governmem.
and the Government is bound In. good faith
to extend the "same generosity to those who
are to settle upon and build up the unim
proved public lands of the newer states.
Alaska is In about the aame latitude as
the south half of Greenland, and but for
the Japanese current would be as forbidding
for habitation as that frozen country. Re
veise conditions, so that Alaska would be
as neir Boston as to Portland, and a dif
ferent view would prevail in me im
pacting the development of her coal re
sources. They would not long remain un
der inadequate laws, and withdrawals from
commercial uses aa they are today, thus
also preventing the development, construc
tion and operation of railroads and other
improvements necessary for the welfare of
the territory. Alaska never has had ade
quate laws to cover the disposition of her
public lands. To make them adequate, how
ever, and to open her resources to proper
development la one of the burdens of this
Administration, whioh will doubtless be met
and solved as other equally Important ques
tions have been solved by it.
Probably no subject Involving the ad
ministration of the Interior Department l
of greater Interest to the West than that of
the reclamation of public arid lands, and
one of the most beneficent statutes that
Congress has passed Is the reclamation act
of 1902. Since Its passage over J50.000.000
has been expended in various projects In
the West. About 30 projects have been
undertaken by the Federal Government,
many of which, because of lack of sufficient
revenues, are uncompleted and settlers have
long been waiting tor water tor ...
In order to facilitate the speedy completion
of these projects. In August of last year, I
wrote to the President from this city a
letter reecommendlng that legislation be
secured to authorize the issuance of bonds
for the purpose of providing Immediate rev
enues for this purpose. The recommenda
tions of the President resulted In Congress
authorizing the Issuance of 20.000,000 of
certificates, as heretofore stated. Oregon
. . . . . i ai,hiM.r aha has
is iniereaLeiL lli .
within her territorial limits two National
Irrigation projects one at Klamath Falla
and the other at Umatilla. The proceeds
from the certificates aoove illcllllvhisu
only be -expended upon existing Irrigation,
projects or feasible- extensions thereof. The .
Army Board, now in the field, authorized
under this act, will carefully consider the
advisability of expending a portion of this
fund upon the extension of the umatiua
project and the completion of the Klamath
Srojecl It Is to be hoped that they will
find m each case condition, showing the
feasibility and worthiness of such expendi-
,ure8" Land Is Needed.
In view of the growth of population in the
DMted Btates and the Increased demand for
agricultural products, together with the ad
duced cost of living there 1. no phase ol
j , should Interest the Ameri
can people more than the development of
her aarlcultural resources. Every acre of.
iand Hiat can be feasibly irrigated, or
brought der Intensive cultivation will be
required to feed our own people, and every
acre that can to our ------
areas win not omy " .
your commonwealth, but also to that of the
Na.!lo." ,... conditions. I am opposed.
to the withholding of any lands in the puD
Uc domain, reserved or unre served that
are capable of giving strength and perma
nent prosperity to the country In agrlcul
fure. commerce, or Industry- In thisj con
nection Secretary Wilson stated to Seattle
recently that bis department would recom
mlnd to tie interior Department the elimi
nation of approximately 6.000.000 acres of
agrltSral land, from National forest -.d
such recommendation will re
ceiv"" the favorable consideration of the
interior Department and doubtless of the
PTneeDepartment of the Interior is on. of
the- executive branches of the Government
msumted by law. "dheLore-T"ecrbair;
lly administered under the law. The P"Bo
domain was left by the Constitution to the
SosPtlon of Congress, and Congress haa
Seen At to authorize the Interior Depart-
..niter legislative limitations, to dia
of the public domain. Therefore, any
opposition sought to be made .
i.s niv in view of the law and within
me lat! ill questions of policy, all crltl
ifsmi delating to improper disposition of
nubile lands? must necessarily be referred
to and controlled by the law-making body
thlished by the Constitution. It has be
establisnea oy i eople. either
throueh ignorance of these conditions or a
iVlStlon to ignore them, to charge the
!nte?lor Department with the responsibility
o? the disposition of the public domain , re
gardless of its duty to obey and keep
g?il?i! the statute, of Congress-
S?andln sVcurely tipon my conscious rec
titude In the enforcement of the laws and
.illations as laid down by Congress In
Th-a naviculars, the criticisms of the igno-
SSTo? to. TmaHcious of the conduct of the .
Inferior Department are impotent and
liU toil of interrupting the regular and
orderly course of conduct laid down by the
law for tos administration of the publio
domain.
When He Lets Them Whls.
Indianapolis Star. '
Mr. Roosevelt still says "no polities
when Interviewers approach him, but
his two months' limit will soon be up.
. , . .l. ,h, iih off of his ac-
cumulated political opinions and let
them whiz. '
Literary Note.
Llfe- , ,t
Instead of the Outlook, why not call
it tne uuiwl;
One Day-
The leadened East In paling shows
A million etold-t'pped spears; ,
That day. to herald coming-, throws,
nd lo! tns sua
In calm, clear noonday, stark and prone '
Upon tho earth is cast.
The golden glare h.J turned to gray-r
Tf i,rtnws slowly fall.
It is the requiem of day,
God, it Is beautiful! the day,
Limned by the Matter's stroke.
And glorious the sunset's play, 1
But. on, we nv m oaa.:
, v , EUGENE CARROLL
af