s
"THE " "iirolXG' OREGOXIAN, " FRIDATcUEIl SQiO."
TOBTliXD. UBEGOS.
Entered at Portland." Oreion. Postofflcs u
Second-Class Matter.
Subscription Bate Invariably In Advsncs.
BT MAIL),
gaily. Sunday tnclnded. om year. .. .. .
gaily. Sunday Included, alx month!....
Daily. Sunday Included, three month.. 2.25
ally. Sunday Included, one month "
Dally, without Sunday, one year .00
gaily, without Sunday, six month.... S-23
Dally, without Sunday, three month... 1.75
Daily, without Sunday, one month....
Weekly, one year 100
Sunday, one year.....................
Sunday and weekly one'ycar. -60
(By Carrier).
JJlly.-Sunday Included, one year "'J
Daily. Sunday Included, one month
. Mow to Remit Send Postofflce money or-ff-
express order or personal check on your
ir1 hank. Stamps, coin or currency are at
iff, fnder- rialc. Give Postnfflce address. In
uil. Including- county and state. '
."m"e Bntea 10 to 14 pages. 1 cent: 10
in Pea. 2 cents; 80 to to pages. 8 cents:
!" '? w paces. cent. Foreign postas
double rate.
Business Office The S. C BeeX
Special Airency New York, room 48
? "??na building. Chicago, room 510
Q13 Tribune bulldin.
rORTUND, FRlDiv, JVL.Y 29. 1910.
IN lATTS OWI STATE.
The chief National interest in the
political campaign in Ohio lies in the
fact that it Is the state of President
Taft and that its indorsement or re
pudiation of him and his Administra
tion may be expected to have a po
tent influence on the Taft political
fortunes. The Ohio Republican Con
vention on Wednesday indorsed the
National Administration and every
thing it has done, which is much, or
left undone, which is very little: and
It put the Ohio Republicans definitely
on record for the President's renomi
natlon and" re-election in 1912. It is
early to tell what exigencies may arise
between the present time and 1912.
Yet very likely the Ohio delegation to
the National convention two years
hence will have no other desire than
the success of Mr. Taft.
The Taft indorsement now for re
nomination would appear to have
more significance than lies on
the surface. The President has
heretofore manifested his entire
Indifference as to a second term,
and has on occasion intimated
that one term would no doubt satisfy
him. But here we find an Ohio con
vention, managed by his personal po
litical friends, putting forth state can
didates acceptable to him and enunci
ating a platform prepared by the ex
pert platform-maker Wade H. Ellis,
after consultation with the President.
It Is altogether the most formal docu
ment of the kind adopted this year.
It Is throughout a formal vindication
of Taft's policies. It is intended to be a
model for other Republican state con
ventions. Here and there there Is ac
ceptance of some pronouncement by
the radicals and progressives offered
by James R. Garfield and his clique,
but they do not materially alter the
substance of the platform as a whole.
It Is a Taft utterance from beginning
to end, without noticeable variation
from the outline prepared by the reg
ulars. The conservation plank. In
deed, appears to have come from Gar
field. But Taft, too. Is a conservation
ist. Ohio, having no natural undevel
oped resources of Its own, with all the
rest of the Eastern States is in entire
accord with the general sentiment
that the resources of the West should
be utilized not for the benefit of the
West, but for the benefit of the East.
Ohio is today a doubtful state. The
Republican party is torn by turmoil
and dissension and the Democrats are
practically united. The old Foraker
issue has died out. but in Its place
has arisen a small faction of so-called
"progressives'" under the leadership
of young Garfield that seeks control
of the party organization. Insurgency
has not made great' headway in Ohio.
The recent Republican party primary
nominated no insurgent candidates for
Congress, and at the Columbus con
vention the "progressives" had only a
fraction of the 1100 delegates. Tet It
would be Idle to say that the regular
organization there regards the Insur
gent movement as being of no conse
quence. Doubtless it has enough votes
to hold the balance of power and
throw the State of Ohio Into the hands
of the enemy. Republican insurgency
threatens Just that thing everywhere,
if it shall not be permitted to have Its
way. It Is of the style and stripe
of politics that Will rule or ruin.
Governor Harmon is a formidable
candidate. He was elected two years
ago by a plurality of 19,373 at a time
when a Republican President carried
the state by 69,591. Herein is the
present "basis of the statement that
Ohio is a -doubtful state. So it has
been for a great many years, though it
has shown enormous Republican plur
alities In several recent elections. In
1892 Mr. Harrison carried the state
by a bare margin o 1000 votes. In
1895 the Republican candidate for
Governor had the then unprecedented
plurality of 92.622. In 1904 Mr.
Roosevelt swept the state with a record-breaking
plurality of 255.000.
Then the Democrats elected the Gov
ernor with 42,000 votes to spare.- and
the year following the Republican
candidate for Secretary of State had a
plurality of 66,390. In 1908 the com
bined pluralities of the thirteen suc
cessful candidates for Congress were
61.799. The combined pluralities of
the eight successful Democrats were
46,748. Thus the normal Republican
Congressional plurality was only 15,
031. It will thus be seen that in off years
the Democrats have about as good a
chance In Ohio as Republicans. Just
now they have In Judson Harmon a
candidate for Governor who has made
an admirable record as executive, who
has a united party behind him and
who Is now a National figure. If Mr.
Harmon shall succeed in being re
elected, it Is the definite design of the
Ohio Democrats to put him forth as
the candidate for President in 1912.
Indeed, the recent Ohio Democratic
Convention declared for Harmon for
President. Yet It Is realized that de
feat now for Governor In his own
state, under circumstances that should
be auspicious for him, would be a
great blow to his Presidential aspira
tions and would probably eliminate
him. The Ohio Democrats, therefore,
will undoubtedly go into the campaign
with great energy and high resolve.
They have much at stake. Loss of
Ohio to .Republicans has Indeed more
or less been anticipated by them. On
that account, perhaps, they have thus
early declared for Taft's re-election.
There Is but one danger to crops
throughout the Pacific Northwest.
That danger is from fire. With every
twig and straw and haystack as dry
as tinder; the moss and needles on
the forest floor devoid of moisture:
with laborer and hunter afield with
his pips or cigarette and campers
abroad with the campfire, danger can
only be averted by the utmost care
on The part of each and every Indi
vidual. At this season of a very dry
year, disaster to crops and other farm
property can only be averted by con
stant vigilance.
SAME OLD GANG.
The gang that opposed the assembly
from the first opposes it now. Cer
tainly. ! It seizes on the mistakes of
the assembly as a reason for abolish
ing the entire business.- It quotes
The Oregonian In criticism of the
assembly for the purpose of showing
that it is agreed even by its "chief
sponsor" that it Is not a "perfect in
stitution," nor the "voice of God."
Oh, my!
The brethren must find something
to groan about. Let them make the
most of what The Oregonian has said
and will say again. But what do they
offer as a substitute for the assembly?
A plurality primary where the voters
of any party are free to interfere with
the voters of any other party and con
trol its affairs. An unadvised party
elec'torate. An indefinite and impossi
ble method of selection as between
candidates. An explicit repudiation of
party organization, party system, party
policies. A mere minority overruling
a great majority. Democratic victories
as a result of Republican disorganiza
tion. Statement No. 1. And so on.
The assembly was and is an honest
effort to restore the Republican party
to its proper status. It will be contin
ued. Some day. we shall have the prl-.
mary law amended so. that party or
ganization and party assembly shall be
one of Its vital features and the pri
mary Itself shall be the other.
PIXCHOT-S GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP.
Government ownership of Western
resources is a big fad in the East. So
cialists of all degrees are applauding
it. Insurgents, with their socialistic
lingo, are haranguing upon it. Shal
low people with never a thought for
consequences of bureaucracy taxation,
suppression of Individual endeavor or
stagnation of Western progress, are
joining the clamor.
When Bryan, a short while ago,
brought home to Eastern folk ' from
Europe his scheme of government
ownership of railroads, the protesting
clamor rent the skies and the Com
moner retracted. That was because
the paternalistic scheme applied to
Eastern citizens and their utilities; So
they would have none of it.
Now that Pinchot has imported
from the Kaiser's realms conservation
paternalism for the utilities of the West
the voice of the West goes up in pro
test same way. Mark you, Pinchot
and his compatriots do not propose
to paternallze resources of Eastern
states In this fashion. They are too
smart for that. They have the in
glorious fate of the Commoner as a
byword against such foolhardiness.
But If Government ownership of
Western lands, minerals, streams and
forests, why not also of Eastern? Yet
If that Is the ultimate of Plnchot's
Kalserism. he dares not talk it now.
He knows his "conservation" would
vanish at once and he would be a de
throned prophet.
Western resources should be con
served by Western people for their
own benefit. Eastern citizens should
join the good work by moving their
homes and their business to this part
of the Nation. Plnchot's and Gar
field's assertion that governments of
Western states are harbors of "spe
cial Interests" and despollers of the
public domain and dens of thieves is
unpardonable Insult to the people of
these commonwealths.
State conservation is the right and
only lawful kind. Federalization of
the West violates the precepts and the
constitutions of the Nation. It de
spoils Western citizens of their earned
portion and their heritage.
BANISHING THE BLIGHT.
A Redding, Cal., dispatch in The
Oregonian the other day stated that a
large corps of surveyors has taken the
field to make permanent surveys
for the Humboldt & Eastern Railroad,
which will connect Eureka with Red
Bluff or Redding. The new line will
cross Trinity County, Cal., one of the
richest regions in all the West but at
present without a single mile of rail
road. On all sides of this rich region
great development has been under
way for several years, and even over
on the coast. Eureka, hemmed In
from the outside iworld, has grown
Into a substantial city surrounded by
rich farms and dairies. With only
water transportation. Eureka has de
veloped a big lumber business.
The arrested development of Trin
ity County, which Is now about to be
removed, is all due to the false and
hampering "conservation" policies of
the Government. The Trinity National
forest reserve was located in such a
strategic position that it practically
barred all attempts at pushing a line
through to the coast. Recently the
Secretary of Agriculture, was In
duced to sell a large body of
the rapidly ripening and deterior
ating timber in the reserve. It
was on receipt of the news that he
had consented to sell 1,000,000,000
feet of this timber at $1.50 per thou
sand that the surveyors were ordered
into the field. It Is impossible' to
estimate the value of this great enter
prise, thus brought into life and acitv
ity by removal of the bars of con
servation. The $1, 500, 000 which the
Government will receive for the
stumpage is but a small portion of
the Immense amount of new wealth
that will be created through this
order of the Secretary.
The railroad which will now be
pushed through the reserve will cost
many times the amount that will be
paid the Government for the timber,
and the value of the lumber manu
factured from that timber alone will
be nearly ten times as great as the
stumpage cost. These millions will be
divided among thousands of laborers
who will go into the wilderness and
build homes and plant orchards and
gardens. What is now a solitary for
est will, a few years hence,, be a hive
of industry in which the manufac
turer, the farmer, the dairyman, the
gardener and the laborer will all par
ticipate. The Pinchot system of lock
ing up these great natural resources
for the enjoyment of the rich has been
one of the greatest blights that " has
fallen on the West. It is through
examples like the opening up of Trin
ity County that we are able to under
stand the xtent of this blight.
There are almost unnumbered mil
lions of acres of similar land locked
up in great forest reserves throughout
the West, but the demands of the peo
ple for an opportunity to develop these
lands and make them productive and
of value is becoming so insistent that
they cannot much longer be ignored.
This is a government for the people.
and the people have become exceed
ingly restive under the policy of
Pinchot.
DOUBTS AT PENDLETON.
Has the Pendleton East Oregonian
lost all faith in the people? Here it
Is actually declaring that the average
voter "cannot hope to pass intelli
gently on the merits of the various
county division bills," and "the only
safe course for him to take Is to get
ready to vote No." Treason! Treason!
What has the average voter to say
about this shocking impeachment of
his intelligence? Pass upon county
division measures? Certainly he can.
All he needs is to take his little pencil
and his big ballot with him into the
election booth and every problem is
solved instantly. He knows all about
everything, intuitively. He doesn't
need any instruction. There it is, all
before him on the ballot, plain as
day. He casts his eagle eye up and
down the white spaces, puts his "X"
here or there every intelligent voter
in the world can make an "X."
whether he can write his name or
not and all of the whole problem of
leglslation-while-you-wait is solved
on the spot. The average voter can
make no mistake. Anyway, if he does,
it's nobody's business. Don't the peo
ple rule? You bet.. "
What wretched motive inspired the
Pendleton paper to utter so atrocious
a sentiment? It is a complete repu
diation -of all the sacred trust-the-freople
principles of that journal, so
eloquently urged on every occasion.
a shocking recantation of its
avowed faith. In the people's rule.
Can It be that the grim specter of
the proposed county of Orchard, cut
ting off a large slice from Umatilla,
has thrown the Pendleton journal
into a panic, and in a weak moment
just for one dreadful moment it had
doubts and expressed them?
COSTLY CARELESSNESS.
Gross carelessness which demands a
searching investigation and a penalty
to fit the offense seems to be respon
sible for the accident to the steamship
Riverdale. which is lying impaled on
a submerged pier in Portland harbor.
The persons primarily to blame for
the accident are, of course, the negli
gent, dilatory contractors who have
been pottering around with the bridge
for several months after It should
have been completed. By leaving the
obstruction they, of course, contrib
uted to the disaster. But what about
the pilot who ran the ship on the sub
merged pier? It is the business of
men who pilot these big steamships up
and down the river to familiarize
themselves with these obstructions.
Why was It that the harbor officials
did not long ago o' der removal of the
obstruction?
The numerous bridges in the harbor
offer enough of a handicap to ship
ping which is obliged to load in the
upper harbor, without having the dan
ger increased by leaving an abandoned
bridge pier in the ship channel. Here
in Portland, where the people can un
derstand that the attempt to take a.
vessel drawing 2 34 feet over a sub
merged bridge pier covered by 22
feet of water is simply gross careless
ness, no odium is cast on the port by
the accident. But this port has not
yet expiated all the sins of the past
in the shipping line, and the disaster,
viewed in its most favorable light,
cannot be regarded as other than
harmful to Portland. The news will
go abroad that steamers of 23 M feet
draft go aground and sustain serious
injury in our harbor. Portland is
spending too much money to make
this an attractive harbor to permit
such carelessness to go unrebuked or
unpunished.
The thick fog at the entrance of
the river will probably account for the
grounding of the steamship Beaver,
which is still on the sands near the
entrance of the river. Even this mis
hap, however, might have been avoid
ed had a little more caution been dis
played. The third marine disaster re
ported Thursday was the collision
between the steamer T. J. Potter and
the barge Klickitat, towed by the
steamer Ocklahama. A great many
lives were imperiled by this collision.
U'lt is so apparent that somebody blun
dered that no effort should be spared
to fix the blame and administer the
punishment for what might have
proved a terrible disaster. ' These ac
cidents are too serious to be dismissed
without something more than expres
sions of regret from those who are re
sponsible for them.
SPOKANE'S FRANKENSTEIN.
When the Spokane Jobbers, secure
in their railroad-protected zone, start
ed the fight for terminal rates, they
set in motion a force which soon got
beyond their control. With their com
plaints before the Interstate Com
merce Commission they builded a
Frankenstein which now promises to
rend them. The full effect of the rad
ical change which is bound to follow
the order of the Interstate Commerce
Commission cannot yet be accurately
forecasted; but the views of R. B. Mil
ler, of the Harriman traffic forces.
who has made a thorough study of
the question, are undoubtedly correct.
Mr. Miller believes that under the
new order, which materially reduces
the "spread in rates between carload
lots and less than carload lots, the
Eastern and Middle Western jobbers
will now have an opportunity to enter
Spokane and Portland territory on so
much better terms than ever before
that both Portland and Spokane will
suffer by the change.
This is exactly the result predicted
by The Oregonian more than two years
ago. In the coming change the only
ones who will profit by it will be the
Jobbing-houses which had formerly
been barred out of this territory by
the differeri'tial between carload and
less than carload rates. Some of the
Spokane - papers, largely responsible
for the agitation that has brought
this coming change, on awakening to
what it meant for the city's Jobbing
interests, began paving the way for a
retreat by saying the change would
benefit the consumer, even though it
might play havoc with the trade which
the jobbers had spent more than two
decades in building up. Even this
was an error. The Eastern and Mid
dle Western jobbers, operating with
lower salaried men. cheaper rents and
other advantages which Spokane did
not possess, can, under the reduced
less-than-carload rates, ship directly
into Spokane's present jobbing terri
tory and sell as cheaply as the Spo
kane Jobbers, but not enough cheaper
to be of the slightest interest to the
consumer.
More than 250 traveling men make
their homes in Spokane; probably ten
or twenty times this numebr of men
are employed, directly and indirectly.
In Spokane's Jobbing business. Much
of the work that Is now done by this
force will be handled by firms located
farther east. Spokane and the terri
tory that supplied these, men with the
necessities of life will suffer by the
shifting of the trade. Portland and
other Coast cities are also affected,
but with water competition, present
and prospective, this city can .escape
some of the damage to be wrought by
the change. The Oregonian again
makes the prediction that within two
years Spokane will be joining with
Portland and other Coast cities in a
demand for a lower rate from the Pa
cific Coast to the interior, in order
that the cheap ocean freight can land
goods at Spokane at lower rates than
can be met by the all-rail haul from
the East.
Not all of the mighty hunters who
are invading South Africa to butcher
harmless wild animals that roam the
woods and plains escape as luckily as
the Colonel. News has just been re
ceived at Sacramento that a former
resident of that pjace had been
killed near Fort Janiieson by an ele-
pnant which he had wounded. One
effect of the widespread publicity
given Colonel Roosevelt's expedition
has been an invasion of Africa by
lyindreds of big-game hunters from
all parts of the world. The Roosevelt
story made . killing so attractive
a sport that British authorities esti
mate that within five years big game
will be practically extinct in the
region where a year ago it was so
plentiful and tame that no trouble
was experienced in photographing the
most wary of the animals. There
may be occasional cases like that of
the Sacramento man in which the
wounded animal may attempt to even
up the score, but with the advertis
ing that African game butchery has
received from Roosevelt, nothing can
save the animals from early extinc
tion.
Dr. Modesto Barrios and Dr. Se
bastian Salinas, appointed by Presi
dent Madriz as a peace commission,
have arrived in New York with in
structions to ask the United States
Government for suggestions as to the
best method of restoring peace in
Nicaragua. There are a great many
methods by which this might be ac
complished, but one by which it
might not be accomplished is for the
newspapers, controlled by Madriz and
generally recognized as his organs, to
continue their vile insinuations and
slurs against this country. If it had
not been for the United States. Nica
ragua would still be cringing at the
feet of Spain, and yet this country
has never received anything but
abuse and insults from Nicaragua.
Perhaps the best solution of the peace
problem would be for this country to
take full charge of the peppery Cen
tral American republic and restore
peace by the approved methods that
have made the Yankee famous.
Chicago is still "out West" from
New York, where real estate sells al
higher figures than anywhere else in
the world, but a sale made in the
Western metropolis Tuesday of a sin
gle lot for $1,148,000 shows an in
creasing valuation even in the districts
lying beyond Manhattan Island. The
lot sold at this immense figure was
82 by 171 feet, and showed a, valua
tion of $14,000 per foot. The same
lot was sold in 1903 at about $5000
per front foot. . This rise in values
shows that business property in a
good district will always increase , in
value much more rapidly than the
population of the city. It is a natural
tendency in all large cities for busi
ness to seek certain localities, and in
those localities it forces values to much
higher figures than can be maintained
in other parts of the city, " seemingy
as well located.
A project is under way to pass
"no seat no fare" law for this city,
applied to cars during the morning
and evening rushes. This will entail
a whole lot of strenuous endeavor. A
simpler plan would be to have the
menfolk take the seats and let the
women do the work of providing a
remedy. Their, success in lowering
the steps should stimulate them to
greater energy to steal the thunder
from the agitators who would aboi
ish the pleasures of hanging to' a
6trap.
Laura Jean Libby, after living half
a century and writing half a million
more or less "novels," in which
the villain pursued the heroine but
always was thwarted in his evil de
sign by the avenger on the spot, is
going on the stage. Laura is a little
old to play her own creation, but she
might make up to it.
The Democratic convention in
Minnesota described itself as "an old
fashioned Democratic convention,
without a boss or a steam-roller." So
that's what an old-fashioned conven
tion is? In Oregon we hear that it
was something really horrible.
. Despite four mishaps In Oregon
waters within twenty-four hours, the
Goddess of Good Luck was attend
ing strictly to business. One life is
worth more than the cost of repair
ing a hole in steam craft.-
So the Chico Normal professor
failed to hug the pupil, after all, al
though two young women testified
against him. Well, whitewash is bet
ter than tar.
Mr. Bryan says he will continue
his contest for county option in Ne
braska. Of course he will, for Mr.
Bryan is the great continuer in every
thing. Let us end this dog discussion by
conceding that much depends on the
particular dog. No more dog com
munications wanted.
The despondent real estate dealer
who tried to commit suicide is an
anomaly, for all men in that line are
cheerful optimists.
Mr. Bryan will not quit the fight
for county option. Not till he finds
some new paramount issue. Female
suffrage next?
Portland's chances for winning the
pennant would be improved if dates
with .San Francisco were cancelled.
So the Oregon Electric gets into
Eugene. This will come very handy
next commencement day.
Mrs. Russell Sage is disposed to
help women fly. She will begin by
making her money fly.
The Woodmen seem to have sharp
ened their axes for each other.
"All's well that ends well" means
a trip on the Beaver. - . ;
HOW CAN THEY GET TOGETHER f '
Barrier Is the Way of Selecting; a Man
to Beat Bovernn.
PENDLETON, Or., July 26. (To the
Editor.) It was with much interest I
read Judge Lowell's article in the Tele
gram of July 25.
More especially do I refer to his ad
vice that the various candidates for
gubernatorial honors, under the direct
primary, "reach some agreement by
which there shall be but one man, and
lie the strongest in the list to confront
Mr. Bowerman. at the September pri
maries." How, I would like to ask the Judge,
can this arrangement be reached with
out an assemblyof those interested, to
aeciae wno tnat man snail De?
To do this the dear people would have
to be eliminated, while the office-seekers
assembled to tell them who was
best suited for the office of Governor.
This would be in direct conflict with
the Ideas of the direct primary law.
which If it means anything, means that
the people shall decide and not a few
Interested office-seekers.
The Judge's idea was carried out
legitimately in the recent assembly
where the representatives of the peo
ple met and selected a man who was
considered the strongest of those pre
sented, to save argument we will ad
mit the men who assembled were not
picked by the Judge and his ilk for
that purpose, and under his arrange
ment ' they would be so picked. This
means something at least to the Judge.
Again, nis ideas are in conflict with
the provisions of the direct primary
law; when he takes from any individ
ual the right of contest for office be
fore the people.
As I understand this law, it was for
the purpose of allowing every individ
ual with "a bee in his bonnet" and
funds sufficient to come before the
people and ask their support for any
pffice which he might select as most
suitable to his particular abilities.
Judge Lowell would have them forego
this privilege for the purpose of de
feating the Indorsed candidate of the
Republican party; in other words he
would form a combination whereby the
wishes of the people should be defeated.
This,- Judge, was the very purpose of
that law so dear to you, to defeat com
binations against any one seeking of
fice. E. W. M'COMAS.
HERE IS GENUINE SARCASM.
They who Disagree With Pinchot Are
Llara and Scoundrels.
. New York Sun.
One Hay, a heathen, is Governor of
the State of Washington, for its sins.
The midnight darkness of Hay's mind
may be judged from his refusal to ap
point delegates from his state to the
St. Paul Conservation Congress save on
condition that they be allowed to tell
that body what the Western notion of
conservation is and how it differs from
the Eastern and the Pinchotian plan.
Even the West must be startled by this
Occidental impudence emitted by Hay:
It may seem very strange to our Eastern
brothers, hut nevertheless the fact remains
that we of the Northwest feel we are more
competent -to determine how our natural re
source shall he developed or handled than
men who live 3000 miles away and who
cannot In ' the nature of things be conver
sant with all the conditions existing here.
The impossible Hay insists that "we
of the Far West believe in conservation
and conservative principles."
Hay ought to be informed by some of
the elect that there is but one acceptable
theory and practice of conservation and
conservation principles. It Is that held
and carried out by the right people, the
chosen vessels. For instance, a wicked
man like Balllnger is a spoliator even
when he pretends to conserve, as in the
case of the Hetch Hetchy Valley. A
good man like the Honorable James Ru
dolph Garfield is true to true conserva
tion even when he gives up the Hetch
Hetchy Valley to be spoiled.
As for "Western" and "Eastern" no
tions of conservation,- Hay talks like a
"sectionalist" if not a secessionist. The
right people, the chosen vessels of Roose
veltism and Pinchotism, East, West,
South and North, they are the only gen
uine conservators. They habitually de
termine everything; they are intuitively
conversant with all conditions; and any
body who doesn't agree with them is a
thief and a scoundrel.
DEATHBED AWES A BURGLAR.
Doffs His Hat and Silently Departs
From the Stricken Home.
San Francisco , Call.
Awed by the sight of a dying woman,
a burglar who broke into the residence
of M. L. Frank, 1283 Sixth avenue. Sun
set district, early yesterday morning,
doffed his hat to the nurse who saw
him, begged pardon, and quietly with
drew wihout looking for any loot.
Frank, who is a partner of Frank
Brothers, clothiers. Market street, near
Sixth, has living with him his mother-in-law,
Mrs, Snyder, and she has been
critically ill, requiring the attendance
of a day and night nurse. - About 4
o'clock yesterday morning the night
nurse, Mrs. Thompson, who was in a
room adjoining the bedroom, where her
patient lay, heard a noise in the hall
way, and, opening the door, saw a man
standing behind a curtain with his
right hand behind his back, presumably
holding a revolver.
"Who are you and what do you
want?" asked the trembling woman.
"I want whatever money you have,"
was the reply.
"For God's sake go away and don't
make a noise," said Mrs. Thompson.
"There is a dying woman in that room,"
pointing to the bedroom.
The burglar looked Into the bedroom,
took off his hat, and, murmuring, "Beg
your pardon," walked quietly" out of the
front door through which he had en
tered. . Teaching: Swimming.
Boston Advertiser.
Mrs. Ella Flagg Young marks her re
turn to Chicag6, after her triumphant
election to the presidency of the Na
tional Educational Association, by a
pertinent and sensible expression of
opinion on the value of swimming as a
part oi scnool instruction. She woifld
begin wisely by making a course in
swimming a part of the normal school
course for teachers, and looks forward
to the time when "we will establish a
swimming tank in each of the high
schools" throughout Chicago. If this
plan of the indoor swimming tank is
followed out, extreme care will be
necessary to present unhygienic condi
tions. It has not been found an easy
matter to make such pools wholesome.
Outdoor swimming .is far better; and
very likely Mrs. Young will make use
of .these Indoor tanks only at times
when outdoor swimming is Impracti
cable. For her timely emphasis upon
tne need tor general instruction I
swimming, for both boys and irls, she
will receive praise throughout the
country.
It la Special Privilege.
New York Mali.
To be allowed to read in bed.
Not to shave on Sunday.
To throw newspapers on the floor.
To refuse to learn bridge.
To do what you like on a vacation and
not to try to Jiave it "benefit" you.
To be one of 40 men in an office
whose wardrobe has 15 hooks and to
monopolize three of them.
To have a glass of water served in
a German restaurant without asking
more tnan eignt times.
High-Brow Reporter Peeves Editor.
Atchison Globe.
We don't like the word "proletariat.'
A reporter used it in the Globe Satur
day, and the next time he does it he ii
going to get into trouble with the man
agement. The management doesn't
know what the word means, and
doesn t like the looks of It, anyway.
ANCIENT TRIAL BY 50O JURYMEN.
One Celebrated Case Used to Illustrate
an Orego Murder.
Salem Statesman.
The Supreme Court of Oregon has
affirmed the decision of the Circuit
Court for Washington County in the
case of John D. F.oselair. convicted of
murdering his wife on May 15 of last
year. The case was one of peculiar
atrocity. Roselair and his wife lived
on an indifferent ranch, some distance
in the woods, away from neighbors,
where he e"ked out a miserable living
for both of them. It seems that he and
his wife did not live happily together,
and one morning, according to his
story, he scolded her for giving him
milk instead of cream at breakfast;
that she made an angry reply and
threw the contents of a pan of milk on
him; that he struck at the pan with a
large knife, missing it, and wounding
her upon the neck and hands. He dis
covered, he said, that she could not
survive, and then killed his wife in
order to put her out of her misery.
This is Roselair's statement as to the
killing: that of the poor woman, of
course, was unattainable, as she had
been summarily removed out of the
state of misery she had evidently en
dured while living with her husband.
The case was only one of many occur
ring in this life. It seems that on the
trial he, or his attorneys for him, had
set up a plea of insanity, which the
court brushed away and sustained the
court below in its .rulings regarding
some technicality put forward by his
attorneys. The strangest plea of all
was that urged by the defendant that,
finding his blow was fatal, he killed
his victim, who would have died any
how, the inference being that he was
not guilty of murder in the first de
gree. .This plea was ingenious and
worthy of shyster: but the court held
that the man who kills after he has
delivered a fatal blow is considered
guilty of a premeditated act.
This subterfuge- on the part of the
defense is perhaps without precedent
in the annals of criminal Jurisprudence,
reaching from the present time back
through many centuries. There is one
celebrated case, however, that may be
likened unto it, in which the defend
ant was one of the most illustrious
characters in history, and the prosecu
tor, now unknown, but who was really
the defendant, as will be seen. The
case is not noted in Sir John Fortes
cue, nor in Fleta. nor in Bracton. nor
in the bloody state trials of -England;
It extends back in the dim past, before-
the civil law of imperial Rome was pro
mulgated, before the crucifixion, be
fore the death of Socrates. The trial
was held In the plain around Cotyora,
near Traperus, on the shores of the
Euxlne Sea. in the year 400 before
Christ. The actors In this celebrated
trial the- plaintiff, the defendant, the
Judges, the spectators were the ten
thousand Greeks who had made the
long and wearisome journeys after the
battle of Cunaxa, from the plains of
Babylon, northward through the moun
tains of Armenia and In sight of
Ararat. Arriving at Cotyora, and rest
ing some 45 days, It was resolved by
the army that the generals should give
an account of their conduct during the
march of eight months from Cunaxa.
Accordingly formal accusations were
brought against three of the generals
who had incurred the disfavor of the
soldiers, among whom was Xenophon
himself, commander of the return ex
pedition, who was accused1 by a soldier
of striking him whilst on the march.
On the trial before the whole army
the general questioned his accuser as
to his grievance, and it turned out that
the latter had been detected in the act
of burying alive a sick soldier who had
been intrusted to his care. Seeing this,
Xenophon rescued the dying man and
gave a blow to the wretch who had
charge of him. For this act the soldier
brought the accusation. The general
justified himself by saying the soldier
knew that the man was alive.
"What, then," exclaimed the accuser
"did he the less die, after I had shown
him to you?"
"We all must die," rejoined Xenephon.
"but are we for that reason to be
buried alive?"
At this all the assembly cried out
that the general had not beaten him
enough, and he was accordingly ac
quitted. The case is reported at length
In Anab. Xen. lib. v., cap 8. with notes
by Splelman not .Sir Henry, but a
lineal descendant of his in the fourth
degcee.
It may seem strange to us of modern
days that commanders of armies were
brought to judicial account in times of
peace, on the accusation of soldiers
under them, for any act in the line of
their duty: but a law suit, or a crim
Inal prosecution was the delight of the
Athenians. The juries, as' we would
call them, usually consisted, at Athens
of 400 or 500 men, called dicasts, such
as convicted Socrates. There were
lawyers, of course, but they were styled
advocates, who for a fee took up a
man's cause, whether in the court of
the Areopagus or tthe Agora. The
latter seems to be the kind of tribunal
before which Xenophon was accused
and tried. Although they were in a
foreign land the Greeks appear to have
carried their civil laws with them.
Neither party appeared by attorney,
but each attended to his own cause
the soldier accusing and Xenophon de
fending. It Is unlikely that the army
allowed lawyers to accompany them
it was at best but a filibustering ex
pedition in which they were.-engaged
and they had no use for any of the
legal fraternity, a profession that has
tteen elegantly declared to Jbe as
"ancient as magistracy, noble as virtue.
necessary as justice." qualities that
were foreign to the objects of the ex
pedition, and lawyers, being conserva
tive as a class, could have no sympathy
with the overthrowing of established
government, which was the purpose of
Cyrus and his Greek allies.
Biggest Loaf of Bread.
San Antonio Express.
The largest loaf of bread in the
world was baked the other day by
Andrew Newberg, of Austin. This
gigantic mass of the staff of life
weighed 140 pounds and was two feet
high, three feet wide and twelve feet
long. After the ingredients were
mixed the baking process consumed
over an hour, a special oven being
used for the purpose. The loaf was
sent to a barbecue at Moulton, where
it was cut and distributed for a large
crowd. Mr. Newberg accompanied the
bread to its destination to see that it
was safely carried. By making this
loaf . Mr. Newberg breaks his own
record for the largest loaf of bread
in the world, which was one weighing
100 pounds sent to the Louisiana Pur
chase Exposition at St. Louis in 1904.
Reflections-' of a Bseheler.
New York Press.
A BOft head isn't any use, even for
a pincushion. '
Experience teaches a man to fail
again in a different way.'
People are not anxious to prove what
heaven Is by a visit to It.
A woman who marries for money may
get none at all; but a woman who mar
ries for love can get it in her children.
On a warm day a woman can dress
for the street in -a. way that would
scare her to death if a man saw her
in her bedroom.
Insignificant Indeed.
Puck.
An inkling of how little he amounts
to will a man get at his wedding. If It
be any kind of a wedding at all; but
full knowledge comes to him only when
he is left alone ia the house with his
first baby.
Life's Sunny Side
A private soldier, anxious to secure a
leave of absence, went to his Captain ;
with a most convincing story about a-
sick wife breaking her heart for his .","?
presence. The officer, acquainted with. - :
the man's habit, replied: "I am afraid"
you are not telling the truth. I have
just received a letter from your wife,
urging me to keep you away from home, -
because you get drunk, break the Xnrji-"'
iture, and mistreat her shamefully."
The private saluted, and started to"41
leave the room. At the door he paused.;
asking: "Sor. may I speak to you, not"
as an officer, but as mon to mon?"
"Yes; what is it?" v
"Well, sor, what I'm after sayin' is
this" approaching the Captain and
lowering his voice: "You ana I are
two of the most iligant liars the Lord
ever made. I'm not married at all."
Lippincott's.
"Charley, dear," said young Mrs. Tcr-
kins, "why does the umpire wear a "
chest protector in this warm weather?" ;
"Well," he replied. slowly, as a
what's-the-use expression crept into
his eye, "you see. -an umpire has to -take
care of his health. Everv once in
a while, when he gives a decision, the "
catcher comes down and helps the
pitcher say something and a lot of the
other players join In. When all thia
conversation starts, the draft the um-
pire stands in is something dreadful." "
Washington Star.
' -
Booker T. Washington, head of the .
Tuskegee Institute, after a visit to the -Metropolitan
Museum In New York, told "
this story.
"A Kentucky ladv." he said, "visited I
the museum with her maid, an old-fash- .
loned mammy. i
"Mallnda had never seen an art gal-
lery before, and the nudes startled her
in a way that would have endeared her '
to the heart of Mr. Comstock. B1:t '
when she entered the hall of sculpture
then she was more than startled.
"'Land!' she said. 'Land sakes'.'"
"And with dubious shakes of the head-t
she passed before the white beauty of
the Venus de Medici, the Apollo Bei-"1
videre, the Venus de Milo, and the other '
gracious shapes of snowy marble.
" 'Land sakes!'
" "Don't you like it, Mallnda?' said
her mistress. - .
" 'Yas'm,' . said Mallnda. 'Ah likes it
well enough, but ah's powerful glad -dar
ain't none o my color here.' " .--r
Washington Post.
A very fat, puffing elderly woman,
stepped up to the box office of the -Chestnut-street
Theater yesterday af----ternoon
and, placing a coin on the-
ticket window, said:
"Give me a ticket- to the gallery."
"You are at the wrong window, mad- -am,"
said the ticket seller, "gallery ""'
ticket office Is to your left as you go
out of the door."
The old woman walked down the
steps and, advancing a few feet, glanced
around Inquiringly, and then- let Jier .
gaze wander- to the iron fire escape -which
was suspended above the side-:
walk.
Going back to the main box office,
she said:
"Say, me boy, Oi can't get in there, . ,
it's crowded." ;
"Crowded."
"Sure, it must be "'she said, "they have -the
steps pulled up." Philadelphia
Times.
H. Chandler Egan, the golf champion,
told, during one of his visits to the .
Wheaton links, a caddy story.
A gentleman was playing at Chevy
Chase," he said, "when a famous Am
bassador passed by. As his caddy sa
luted the Ambassador respectfully, the
gentleman said:
" 'You know the Ambassador, do you?
" 'Saarel' the lad replied. 'He's a great
friend of mine. . These are his breeches. ...
I've got on." " Chicago Post.
Prefers Dogs to Children. ;
FISHER, Wash.. July 26: (To the:;
Editor.) I being a reader of The Ore
gonian have been reading the discus- r
sion on dogs, and want to say right - -here
that I have a little black dog itntl
If every human being was just half as -clean
and respectable and stayed home -and
behaved as my little dog, this,
would be a different world. I don't
dislike children, but I won't trade my .
dog for a dozen children and further-, '
more, I want that wonam that had her "
letter in the Oregonian Monday to '""7
understand I don't paint my fare, c"
either, if I do own a tiog; and also,"1"""
that lets of human beings don't even"'
have good dog sense.
MRS. H. GOLDS WORTHY. J :
Agent S. P. & S. Kai'WHy.
When the Whistle Blew.
St. Louis Post-Dispatch.
"Did yez hear th' news. Jawn?" , "
" I did not." ; L
"Arlzony an' New Mexico have coma
"into th' Union."
"Good. Who was th" walking dilly; 's
gate in that case?"
Amended for Modern Vie. '
Baltimore Sun. ' 7
Where there's a will there's a whole
lot of folks waiting to hear if the old,
man left 'em anything. . '
IN THE MAGAZINE
SECTION OF THE
SUNDAY
OREGONIAN
TOUR OF PORTLAND'S
BUSY PLACES
Sightseeing for visitors, not to
show scenery, but the commercial
and industrial activities of the
metropolis of the Pacific North
west. These articles will serve to
make newcomers also acquainted
with their town.
AGITATION OVER WOMEN'S
BATHING SUITS
British Town Councils take up
the cudgels against "feminine in
decency in natation"; how Eng
lish ideas differ from American.
BALLOONING AS PLEASURE
FOR WEALTHY AMERICANS
Henry M. Neely, chairman of
contests. Aero Club, tells of what
he considers the greatest sport in
the world, and how millionaires
enjoy it.
INSIDE PLAY OF BIG-
It is worth while for fans and
others who like the game to hear
what Evers and Fullerton have to
say on batting and base-running.
ORDER EARLY FROM YOUR
NEWSDEALER