lO
THE MORNISG OEEGOJilAjf. SATURDAY, MAY 21, 1910.
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PORTLAND, SATCRUAT, MAY U 1910.
RAILROAD RATE ADVANCE.
"With such a. wealth of data as has
been gathered by railroads and ship
pers' alike, there should not be much '
difficulty In determining the extent to
-which the threatened advance in rail
road rates is Justified. Freight ship
pers, representing a tonnage valued
at more than $1,000,000,000, met in
Chicago Tuesday to formulate a plan
for preventing the advance. At this
meeting it was decided to offer the
railroads arbitration through the In
terstate Commerce Commission upon
the question whether or not they are
entitled to increase their revenues. If
the position taken by the railroads is
warranted by the changed economic
conditions, it would seem to be an
easy matter for them to prove that
such Js the case, and that the increase
In rates is made necessary 'by In
creased, expenditures.
No one questions the necessity for
greater revenues If the railroads are
obliged to pay higher prices for labor,
fuel, equipment and all other factors
in maintenance and operation. The
point on which the present contest
centers, however, is that the railroads
are already earning enough more
than a reasonable return on the in
vestment to enable them to stand
this increased cost of maintenance and
operation, Instead of passing it on the
public in the shape of higher rates.
Nearly all of the roads affected by the
proposed advance are old lines, per
manently established, and on a basis
where the Items of fixed charges, cost
of maintenance and operation and
other charges are unaffected by in
fluences (which are felt by lines in a
new country where traffic has not been
developed and the various lines have
not been "hooked up" into a compact
and economically handled property.
For this reason, arbitration, con
ducted in a spirit of fairness, ought to
result In an agreement satisfactory to
both parties. A railroad is entitled
to remunerative earnings on the in
vestment, and also to some re'turns
for the original risk assumed in build
ing a line into a country where oper
ation was necessarily conduced at a
loss for a few years following its con
struction. Mr. Hill's $50,000,000
North Bank line can hardly be ex
pected to pay anything like reasonable
profit on the investment until a num
ber of years hence, when the develop
ment of adjacent territory enables it
to be worked up to somewhere near
Its traffic-handling capacity. It seems
perfectly fair, however, that Mr. Hill
should be permitted to recoup the
losses of the early light-traffic years
by dividend-earning rates from the
business that will follow later. This
element in the problem is less pro
nounced In the older settled regions
of the East than it is In the Middle
West, and it is accordingly much
easier to determine on the Eastern
roads what constitute fair and rea
sonable rates.
SOME KKRTNO JTJDGES.
It appears that some of the judges
of the courts tin Western New York
have been guilty of an unpardonable
offense against the proprieties of their
office. To quote from a resolution of
the Erie County Bar Association, they
have Ignored well-settled principles of
law In order "to render decisions
Which conform morp closely to their
Dwn sense" of right and justice. We
So not wonder that the lawyers should
Bxpress burning Indignation at such
culpable, conduct on the part of the
Judges. What place have right and
justice In the courtroom? The court
room Is a place for lawyers to earn
their fees In, and since they can earn
more fees when right and justice are
lost sight of and everything is made
to depend upon "well-settled princi
ples of the law" naturally they prefer
the latter practice.
What are these well-settled prlncl
pies of the law which are so dear to
the hearts of the legal fraternity? It
Is not difficult to enumerate some of
them, though of course no human be
ing could presume to know them all
Since to every possible question there
are at least two directly opposite legal
answers, both of which are equally
correct and supported . by principles
equally well established, it follows
that the number of these principles Is
discouragingly large.
.ine mom important or them un
doubtedly runs somewhat in this way:
"No lawsuit should ver be permitted
to end as long as by hook or crook It
can be kept running." No other
principle finds such wide application
In the legal practice of our time as
this one, and none is so deeply revered
by the profession. It is not surpris
ing that judge who presumes to ig
nore It should bi rebuked ty his
brethren of the bar, for such an Inno
vation not only impairs the force of
tradition, but it tends to curtail reve
nues, which is of vastly more conse
quence. Another principle almost as
fundamental as the first is this, "No
law should ever be stated In language
which anybody can understand." If
the language were clear and simple,
opportunities for endless suits would
be thriftlessly lost. The more obscure
it is the more occasion for precedents,
authorities, conflicting interpretations
and all that paraphernalia of cloud
land which contributes so comfortably
to the employment and material ad
vantage of the legal profession. It is
to be hoped that the erring judges
of Eastern New York will presently
mend their ways and devote their en
ergies, as they ought, to advancing
the interests of the lawyers instead of
foolishly spending them on ' the wel
fare of suitors. Litigants are mere
lay figures introduced to keep the
machinery of the court moving.- Be-
ing Inanimate automatons, It is hardly
worth while to think much about
their imaginary happiness.
THE MAYOR'S PRUDENCE.
The duty of the Mayor and the
Council Is to protect the city against
schemes and projects that will add ex
cessively to municipal debt and taxa
tion and fasten upon taxpayers the
perpetual maintenance of unnecessary
public works. The possibilities of
abuse and extravagance of public en
terprises are so vast that it is the
sworn obligation of officials to keep
the public out of them wherever pos
sible. , This is what Mayor Simon has
sought to do by vetoing an ordinance
thaiwouId start the city in the busi
ness of city docks and sell $500,000
bonds therefor. This expenditure of
money would be but the beginning of
an enormous outlay by the city.
Citizens of Portland expect their
servants in office to look to these mat
ters; to use discretion and. caution
and to act according to their honest
understanding of the "city's needs.
That is what officials are elected for.
As pointed out by Mayor- Simon,
electors have not decreed that the city
shall enter the docks business. They
have simply given the Mayor and the
Council fewer to do this if it shall
seem a proper thing to do. It Is per
tinent here to note the "part of the
Mayor's message dealing with this as
pect cf the subject:
In conclusion ' I beg to call attention to
the language employed in section 118 of
the charter adopted by the people in 1907,
authorizing the Council to issue and dis
pose of bonds for dock purposes. As I con
sider this section of the charter it Is noth-
ng more than a grant of power to be ex
ercised or not as the Judgment of the
Council may determined Power Is lodged in
the Council to Issue bonds and from the
proceeds of the sale thereof to acquire
docks, but it is not incumbent upon the
city to engage in such enterprise nor Is
there any limitation as to the time within
which such authority should be exercised.
It Is, like many other provisions of the
charter, a grant of power to be exercised as
and when, if at all, whenever It shall be
deemed necessary. There Is nothing in this
charter provision which makes it imper
ative upon the City of Portland to secure
municipal docks.
This Is sound doctrine. In a big
undertaking like this, fraught as It is
with probabilities of extravagance and
debt, it Is fortunate that the city has
a Mayor of conservative prudence.
ASSEMBLY GAINING FAVOR.
The political assembly habit is
gaining the recognition of so many
classes of patriotic citizens that oppo
sition to the coming Republican as
sembly would si-em to be vaiiishin:?
like the . much-vaunted tail of the
comet.- Last week the Granges held
a political assembly in Oregon City
and this week the lawyers held one in
Portland. The so-called People's
Power League of TJ Ren's holds con
ferences occasionally over matters of
proposed legislation. So do the latjor
unions and the State Federation of
Labor. ' The doctors have their meet
ings to consider matters pertaining 10
the people's laws, likewise the mer
chants and the employers.
So that assembly, after all, Is avi
orthodox method of "getting together"
and preparing political programme.
The Republican assembly, unlike
any of these other gatherings, will
admit all classes of citizens to its de
liberations, and therefore should be
more popular than any of them.
The assembly Is not the bugbear it
has been painted. It 13 a rational
means of deliberation and concert
Democrats are bound to concede this
fact, from their own experience with
assembly before the general state elec
tion in 1906. Most of their subsequent
"great works" were developed In that
assembly.
DOES RIGHT ALWAYS TRIUMPH?
The great campaign of surmise1, sus
picion, innuendo, insinuation, deduc
tlon, . denunciation and treachery
against the Taft Administration ap
proaches its climax in the conclusion
of the Balllnger-Pinchot investiga
tion. It was begun in a vengeful pur
pose to "get even" with Taft because
he had dared to prefer Ballinger to
Garfield, and Jt has been carried on
with-incredible malignity m Its deter
mination to exalt Pinchot at the ex
pense of the reputation of the man
who dared to stand in the way of his
fantastic and unlawful schemes of
conservation.
Throughout this investigation there
has not appeared one direct and clear
fact or circumstance tothe discredit
of Ballinger worthy of consideration
In a court of Justice. It is true that
accidental and unrelated events have
been ingeniously grouped and inter
preted so as to show that he had some
connection with the Cunningham
claimants, but even that relation ap
pears to have been proper , and justi
fiable. Behind this incident there is
the assumption-and it is absolutely
an assumption that the Cunningham
group were criminals. Were the?
The experience of Ballinger proves
that no man of conscience. Independ
ent Judgment and previous blameless
record can set himself successfully
against the wretched intrigues and
machinations of the self-constituted
and self-righteous "guardians of the
public welfare."
CHANGE FORT SAKE OF CHANGE.
Some of the New York papers, es
pecially the World, are pleading that
their state needs a change of parties.
The Republicans have been too long
in power, they argue, .and it is time
the Democrats had a chance to con
trol. Just how things would be
improved by the change is not
specified. The World disclaims any
belief that "the Democratic party Is
more honest than the Republican
party, or that Democrats are more
responsible than Republicans in of
fice. We insist merely that the Re
publican party has been too long in
power in New York and that the
state .needs a change."
If the Democrats are no more hon
est and no more responsible than the
Republicans, what possible benefit
can be expected, from the change?
No particular betterment ' or condi
tions can arise from transferring
power, unless the men who receive It
are an improvement on those " who
lose it. Change in itself is not desir
able. . Indeed It .involves some de
cided disadvantages. These are
negligible if the expected gains are
clearly specified and reasonably cer
tain; otherwise .they are of sufficient
weight to determine a prudent- man
against making any change.
The fact is the Republican party
in New York, under the leadership of
Mr. Hughes, is rapidly transforming
itself into a party of enlightenment
and progress. It has sloughed off a
number of the vile bosses who had
brought It to the verge of ruin and
is ready to sjough oft more of them.
It has declared for measures which
are well up with the best political
thought of the time, and stands ready
to follow wherever men like Hughes
see fit to lead.
On the other hand, what can be
said of the Democrats? Have they
shown any sign in New York or else
where of forsaking their .sordid
bosses? Have they produced - a
Hughes or anybody comparable with
him In ability. and integrity? If they
have, who is he? And if they have
not, what ground is there for asking
reasonable voters to take the control
of the state government out from
under the Influence of Hughes and
his followers and give it to the Dem
ocrats? Such an act Would be
gratuitous folly.
VAIN TARIFF REFORM.
Protective tariff is to be further
"improved'" by a Commission which
Is to investigate "cost of production
at" home and abroad," and for which
Congress is asked to appropriate
$250,000. The intelligence gathered
by the Commission is to be the bea
con light for further legislation.
Thus Republicans hope to mollify dis
content against the present tariff law
with promise of betterment by and
by. Democrats and insurgents see a
plan to ward off their assaults from j
the tariff next election. Standpatters
see an opening for further tariff tin
kering. So that the tariff board
project receives rather rough treat
ment all round.
What is- cost of production abroad?
What is -It at home? Dispute can -be
endless on these points. A tariff
board can "investigate" until the
crack of doom and still the quarrel
over "protection" will continue.
'-: Cost of production at home is an
extremely variable quantity. So is It-
abroad. And when protective tariff
enters into the study, opinion and
strife are endless. Cost of labor and
materials and transportation and
business vary greatly from year to
year and spoils of protection make
them shift the more.
There would be none of this pother
if the Government would let industries
take care of themselves accordir g to
natural laws and would content itself
In tariff duties with the raising of
revenue to pay for its proper
functions.
However, the opponents of the tariff-board
scheme are actuated by their
own selfish motives. They are all
supporters of protective tariff spoils.
Democrats and insurgents alike.
This protective tariff business can
be settled neither one way nor an
other. Tariff will not be reformed
until the protective-spoils part of it
shall be eliminated. But that is the
kind of reform that none of the pa
triot groups In Congress desires. In
surgents and Democrats decry stand
patters, but the mote Is matched by
the beam in their own eye.
ROYAL MOURNERS.
Queen "Victoria was one of the most
persistent and sincere - mourners In
history; Emperor William has been
one of the most spectacular. From
the time: of the death of the Prince
Consort in 1861 up to that of her own
demise in 1901, a period of full forty
years, the Queen eschewed all social
functions,', all state ceremonials as far
as possible, and, black-robed and
with solemn countenance, went In and
out among her people a sorrowful
figure, a woman unreconciled to a
common vicissitude of life that made
her a widow. Kneeling in all the
world of pomp and woe at the bier
of his grandfather, Emperor William
I; following on foot as chief mourner
the caisson that, bore the body of his
father, ' Emperor Frederick, to the
tomb of the Hohenzollerns; -walking
torch in hand behind the coffined
body of his mother, the Empress
Frederick, in the torchlight procession
that he had arranged with weird ef
fect, as It wound in and out along the-,
route by which the imperial sepulcher
was reached; again walking, bare
headed, -behind the gun carriage,
shoulder to shoulder with her sons,
upon which the fbody of Queen Vic
toria was borne to its final abode;
and yet again kneeling in prayer with
the King of England beside the body
of the late King Edward, rising in
tears and solemnly clasping hands
across the bier with the bereaved mon
arch, and finally joining once more
the mourners of England's royal house
in solemn tread to the tomb of its
Kings, the still comparatively young
Emperor of Germany has gone
through funeral scenes and functions
that entitle him to distinction as chief
mourner of Europe.
A man of tremendous pride in the
power and dignity that belong to his
position and to himself personally, the
Emperor bares his head reverently In
the presence of the only power . he
holds greater than . his own and ac
knowledges in Death . a common
leveler.
-
A THIRD - TERM?
The assumption made in many quar
ters that Mr. Roosevelt designs to
run for the Presidency again is pure
ly gratuitous. It la fostered partly by
a certain set of men who-, ardently
hope that he will run and by another
set who hope quite as ardently that
he will not. The first clique believe
that as President-.Mr. Roosevelt-would
promote them to place and power.
The other clique believe that if he
should run he would be defeated and
thus eliminated for good and all from
American politics. In -neither of these
groups does Mr. Roosevelt seem to
recognize his true well-wishers. At
any rate he has not shown particular
warmth toward them. He taever has
been a man yet who allowed other
people to make up his mind for him,
and it is not to be supposed that he
will begin to do so now at a time when
he has the opportunity to do the cul
minating work of his life. To be
President again could not increase the
honor which Mr. Roosevelt enjoys, nor
could it make him much more truly
influential in public affairs than 'he is.
Roosevelt's position in the civilized
world Is uniqSe. Without official sta
tion he is everywhere received as the
equal of monarchs, and at home his
opinion on public affairs is awaited
with unconcealed anxiety by millions
of his countrymen. By virtue of his
personality he has become a power
which must be reckoned with. The
people have passed him on from the
place of a politician to that of a
prophet and almost without dissent
are ready to listen to his counsels as
if they were inspired. ,
What has such a man to gain by
entering, the field of politics again and
subjecting himself to the distractions
of partisan discord? He has nothing
to gain, but a great deal to lose. What
are called the Roosevelt policies have
become so dear to the people that
they are sure to be enacted into' law
In the long run. No individual or
party can oppose them without court
ing destruction. Mr.- Roosevelt him
self can advance those policies more
In private station than ."he could as
President, because their adoption de
pends now'-upon the force of public
opinion, a force which his simple
word can direct almost as he wills.
POSTAL SERVICE AND COST.
The postal service, more than any
other Governmental activity, belongs
to and reaches all classes of people.
There is no hamlet in all of the Na
tional domain so obscure . that it is
not reached by this service, while at
the dooryard gates of thousands of
rural' homes, its-, messengers stop,
make delivery of mail, and pass on.
The great centers of trade are served
by it every business hour of the day:
steamships.bear its message to and
fro across the waters of the world,
and railway trains carry .Its mighty
bulk back and forth across the con
tinent. ' .
This service is enormously expen
sive, yet any attempt to curtail its
.cost, at the expense of its efficiency,
would, in its very inception, be fore
doomed' to failure. There are enor
mous leaks in its expense account, we
are told, and doubtless this is true.
But these leaks do not extend to the
point of immediate contact with the
people. They make gaping wounds
in the appropriation through which
ooze subsidies on land and water,
subsidiesthat in the aggregate make
transportation companies on land and
sea rich and powerful.
But, after all, the people are served
as a whole and individually by the
postal department as they are served
by no other branch of the Govern
ment. It is thus that when the post-
office appropriation bill, carrying an
aggregate of $241,000,000, was report
ed to the United States Senate a few
days ago. it was passed Dractically
without discussion, after1 only, forty
minutes had been given to its consid
eration.
Taotai Jeme Tlen-Yow, a graduate
of the Sheffield Scientific Sctiool of the
class of 1881, is the first Chinese en
gineer to build without foreign assist
ance a railroad In China. The road
Just completed is between Pekin and
Kalgan. He was one of a group of
thirty young men sent by the Chinese
government, to this country in 1872, to
study engineering. He has been ex
ceedingly active In his profession dur
ing the nearly thirty years that have
passed since his return to China and
has demonstrated by his work the
wisdom of educating Chinese along
modern lines. His portrait, printed in
a lata number of the Yale Alumni
Weekly, ' shows a man of intellectual
power and dignity of character. Yale
is proud of him and China should be,
and perhaps will be, should she ever
awaken from her ages-old lethargy
atod learn to center her pride upon
living rather than upon dead men.
Among the tender tributes paid to
the -memory of King Edward were the
little bouquets of daisies and butter
cups picked from fields "sweet with
all the flowers of May" by village
children. In their rural beauty and
simplicity they were seen all along
the funeral route. The purple pall.
the mitre and scepter, the magnifi
cent equipage of monarchs and all
the pomp of royal woe, spoke of the
King and his proud position; the dain
ty bunches of field flowers that peeped
in and out among th-? costly wreaths
that lined the streets of mourning
Windsor were mute testimonials of
the love and reverence of children for
their King.
Roses,, roses everywhere white,
pink, red, yellow and of every shade
and tint are blooming throughout
the city. The first specimens are not
as perfect as many of the later blooms
will be, yet many of them are per
fection itself in form, size, color and
fragrance. Some anxiety is felt lest
the first exuberance of bloom will be
past before the date set for the Rose
Show. Judging from the abundance
of buds In various stages of develop
ment, however, there will be roses in
riotous profusion for a month. After
that, as all Portland knows, there will
be roses for every occasion all Sum
mer and Fall and well on to Christ
mas.
It will take 70,000 pounds of paper
for the political pamphlets required
to be sent out under the corrupt prac
tices act. Such is the statement that
comes from the office of the State
Printer. The cost to the people of this
one strained, undemocratic and freak
legislative act can be partially esti
mated from this statement. But only
partially, since it is but the bulk and
suggestive cost of the blank paper
required." The cost of printing, post
age, clerk hire. and other items of dis
tribution are yet to follow and for
what? Let misguided voters answer
. if they can.
Two local policemen' found asleep
In a basement by their sergeant dem
onstrates the . inefficiency of the
method of appointment. Passing an
examination that does not embrace a
regard for -honor and esprit de corps
is not a qualification. -
William J. Bryan has dropped out
of the prohibition fight In Nebraska.
He is going- to tour Scotland for his
healthy leaving the Democratic party
of -the state to fight the liquor issue
to a finish, without his inspiring pres
ence.
Colored folk will please take note
that a Black Minorca In Clackamas
County has Just laid a whopping big
egg, which Is a feat that cannot be
approached by a White Leghorn.
According to the Boston Herald,
only two women of Boston have come
forward with the statement of hav
ing really and truly seen Halleys
comet in 1835.
A Pinchot theorizer said "conserva
tion" and it was printed "conversa
tion." But there wasn't so much dif
ference, after all.
Mr. Taft admits that Mrs. Taft
"the real President." Mr. Taft
gallant as well as good-natured.
State Printer Duni way says he Is
too busy to find time to make a cam
paign. That is ideal politics.
Judge Hughes ought to be Chief
Justice with all those distinguishing
whiskers.
Yesterday there was an occasion
when Mr. Roosevelt could not say a
word. ,
SOME REMARKS ON KERBYISM.
Mr. Halllnger Got Bitten Flint.
Pittsburg, Pa., Dispatch.
Mr. Ballinger "killed another snake"
by firing . Stenographer Kerby. But he
got bitten first.
Mr.
Kerby ' Lacks Two Requirements.
Boston Transcript (Rep.).
Mr. Kerby evidently lacked two of the
requirements of a stenographer, loyalty
and an accurate memory. Still the Pres
ident seems not to have handled the epi
sode in the most effective way.
President' Action Free From Blame.
Pittsburg Pa.. Gazette-Times (Rep.).
The White House statement of Sunday
night is so frank as to leave the Presi
dent's action free from blame. Can as
much be said of the Pinchot crowd,
which has led so many underlings like
the " "patriot" Kerby into the mazes of
treachery? 1 - "
Mr. Taft Preferred to Mr. Pinchot,
Baltimore American (Rep.).
Were Mr. Pinchot wfcse he would call
off his friends. President Taft cannot be
harmed by attacks from Government
clerks. The American people, regardless
of political affiliations, will reject with
disgust any attempt to reflect upon the
sincerity and straightforward intentions
of President Taft. He has been in public
life for 25 years, and the American peo
ple know htm.
Malign Industry of Retired Employes.
Brooklyn, N. Y., Eagle (Ind. Dem.).
Mr. Taft is frank and honestly indig
nant today, in admitting that he availed
himself of the knowledge, suggestion and
composition of Mr. Ballinger and in part
of his formulation of views. He insists
he recast some of the formulation and
rejected other parts of It. He assumes
full responsibility for all he finally is
sued and signed. The defensive necessity
of making his avowal Is more notable
than the avowal itself is surprising. The
necessity arises from the malign indus
try of certain persons and interests that
were retired from service and Influence
when - Mr. Taft's Administration suc
ceeded that of Mr. Roosevelt. Their
resentment has become acute, and their
sense of . the harm done to the Na
tion by the loss of their service has be
come exaggerated.
Mr. Kerby's Bad Code of Ethics.
Boston Herald (Ind.).
Had Mr. Kerby contented himself with
a statement of facts to the extent of his
knowledge, he might have been within
his call of duty in making such facts pub
lic But when he added to these meager
and non-conclusive facts, his inferences.
suspicions and assumptions, he put in
practice a code of ethics which, although
unfortunately characteristic of the Glavis-
Pinchot case and of its appeal to public
opinion, and in the hands of skillful law
yers sometimes winning verdicts by prej
udice, where proof is lacking, is not con
sistent with the law of evidence and the
principles of justice. The desperate at
tempt to magnify the immaterial into the
material, to convict the Administration on
circumstantial evidence and the infer
ences to be drawn from it, is a confes
sion of failure of the case in chief.
. Attack on President Is Absurd.
Chicago Record-Herald (Ind. Rep.)
Attorney-General Wickersham says
that "what Mr. Lawler prepared was
what might be termed a suggested
form of letter which the President
could adopt if he saw fit a practice
of everyday occurrence in the execu
tive departments of the Government."
The practice is not confined to the
single case of Government officials, but
is common In many administrative
systems with executive, heads and
subordinates. It was by no means un
known to the predecessors of Presi
dent Taft, and his successors will find
it a great convenience. In summing up
we should say that this attack on the
President was trivial and absurd. But
Kerby, the faithful stenographer who
told on the Secretary and" on the Pres
ident, will gain a little - temporary
notoriety.
OREGON SHOULD INVITE THIS MAN
Professor Boegglld, Danish Dairying
Authority, Coming to America.
111111111. .L ,111. -l U 1 11 CI. 1
Professor Bernhard Boegglld, of the
Royal Danish Agricultural College of
Copenhagen, one of the greatest dairy
experts in the world, will visit Min
neapolis this month and will make ad
dresses not only in the Twin Cities,, but
at other points.
He is brought to this country by the
Danish-American Association. He li
the father of co-operative dairying in
Denmark, and is today considered one
of the greatest, if not the greatest, liv
ing authority on dairying in Europe.
Professor Boegglld is credited with
having increased the value of Danish
exports by millions of dollars. He was
largely responsible for turning the at
tention of Danish farmers from bread-
stuffs to dairying, through a remark
able practical system of co-operation.
until there are now more than 1000 co
operative creameries in Denmark.
The Danish - American Association
announces that Professor Boeggild's
tour has been arranged for patriotic
purposes. He will spend three months
In the United States, delivering lec
tures and studying American condi
tions.
Pointed Paragraphs.
Chicago News.
Kindness makes us more true friends
than money.
It s generally easy to be good when
you are getting pay for it.
Blessed are the innocent, for they
have a lot to learn.
The key to success doesn't look any
thing like a night key.
A man with a black eye Is up against
the dark side of life.
The woman with the shortest foot
may possess the longest tongue.
Once in a great while a man s self-
respect keeps him from enjoying life.
The worst thing about wisdom is that
it can only be had on the installment
plan.
As time rolls on, the still small voice
of conscience is apt to become stiller
and smaller.
There is a tradition to the effect that
once upon a time a woman In a crowded
car got up and offered her seat to
man with a baby in his arms.
Still the Constructive Party.
Cleveland Leader. -
If this Administration programme
or this part of the work the Presi
dent has hoped that Congress would
i finish during the present session can
be gotten out of the way before final
adjournment, the Republican party will
be able to go before the country once
more as the great constructive force
in National affairs. It can again ask the
support of the people of the United
States with a strong appeal to- the prac
tical common sense of the masses who
realize, in the final test, that nothing
is of much value in public business
which cannot be brought to tangible
results.
Poet Laureate's Puasllns; Style.
Washington Star.
Alfred Austin's style is not suffi
ciently direct to enable the reader to
determine at all times whether some
of his expressions are typographical
errors or intentional.
A-crtlng a Stampede.
Baltimore News.
The Indianapolis News is issuing
daily bulletins on Halley s comet. This
Is an unworthy effort to divert atten
tion from the Roosevelt stampede.
DEMONSTRATION FARMS FAVORED
One In Each County, In Conjunction
With High School Work.
OORVALLIS, Or.. May 19. (To the
Editor.) Perhaps the greatest sociolo
gical and industrial problem confronting
this Nation today Is that of strengthen
ing our rural population. The present
universal tendency to urban life, is
threatening the very stability of our
country. This is a question not only
vital to our own state, but to the Nation
at large. In times of general prosperity,
such as we are now enjoying, this paucity
of rural population is of little moment,
but when times begin to tighten, then
the pinch of hunger and distress will
be felt In our over-congested cities. This
possible condition should be averted.
The problem, then, is not only to ex
pand the ratio of our rural population,
but to utilize more perfectly the soil as
well. This can only be solved through
systems 'of education. Despite the ef
forts of the various states and Nation
o educate the farmer, only a small pro-
portion is directly influenced. Some means
snouid be provided whereby a larger
proportion of our people may be brought
to realize the possibilities of the farm.
People need not be especially alarmed
at the present high cost of living, but
should be keenly solicitous of the future
prosperity and happiness of our people.
The hope of the Nation rests with the
farmer who owns his farm, or the man
who owns his own home. Hence, everv
effort should be 'made not only to popu
late the country, but to train our people
so as to maxe it possible for them to
own their farms. The tenant sytem of
farming is not to the best interests of
our country.
We should aim to stem the tide from
the country to the city. To do this,
the country boy's Interest in country
life must be stinrulited and his ability
to succeed strengthened. There have
been a number of methods devised to
this end, but these have all more or less
fallen short of their purpose. It would
seem that to reach this end, the work
of education must include our public
schools. This work should be made
both attractive and practical. Our
state. In a measure, is committed to the
country high school. If, in connection
with these high schools, a demonstration
farm could be maintained, this would
afford an excellent means of stimulating
an interest in farm life and would also
prove to be a lively factor in the pro
motion of better general methods of hus
bandry. Such a farm could be main
tained co-operatively by the .state and
county. It would not only be a means
of great educational value to the high
school student, but would also be of in
tense practical Interest to the general
farmer. Such a farm would demonstrate
to the farmer, the possibilities of crop
production in that locality, would be
come the center of agricultural educa
tlon and investigation for the county,
and If properly conducted, would be an
Important source of inspiration to the
boy and a valuable agency in dissem
inating a knowledge of the correct prin
ciples of agriculture among farmers.
These farms should - be brought under
the immediate supervision of the Gov
emment Experiment Station of the
state, so that the work can be co-ordinated
and economically administered
Such farms should be established upon
a permanent basis and . when once es
tablished, should only be discontinued by
an act of the Legislature.
It is true a movement of this charac
ter will require some money, but noth
Ing In comparison with the Increased
value of the products of the farm and
the development of an active sentiment
in behalf of rural pursuits.
The financial hope of the state is in
agriculture. Thus, if Oregon is to be
come great, it must first instill into the
hearts of our people a love for the
farm. We must reach out for our boys
and anchor them to the farm by show
Ing them its possibilities. -The modern
country home is the citadel of purity and
the representative of strength. When
learning is made the handmaid of toil
on the farm, the future of our state and
Nation is assured.
JAMES WITHYCOMBE.
KIPLING'S IDEAL OF THE PIONEER
Marking of the Oregon Trail Recalls a
Vigorous Poem.
PORTLAND, May 20. (To the Editor.)
An editorial in The Oregonian on "Mark
ing the Oregon Trail conveys a new
thought to me in the magnitude of the
migration over the Oregon trail, although
I am a pioneer myself and deeply in
terested in the subject. I wish you would
publish the subjoined lines by Kipling,
which I have never seen in print but
once, and which so strongly state Ine
motives and spirit of the pioneer.
. LOYAL B. STEARNS.
THR FORELOPER.
The rull shall whistle in his wake, the blind
wave break in fire;
He ahall fulfill God's utmost will, unknowing
his desire.
And he shall tee old planets pass and alien
atara arise.
And give the Rale his reckless sail in shadow
of new skies.'
Strcng iuat of gear ahall drive him out and
r-unger- arm nis nana
To wring his food from a desert nude, his
foothold from tne sana-.
His neighbors' smoke shall vex his eyea.
their voices break nis rest:
He shall go forth till South Is North, sullen
and dispossessed;
He shall desire loneues. and his desire
shall bring
Hard on his heels a thousand wheels, a peo
ple and a King.
He ahall come back on his own track and
by his scarce cool camp .
There shall he meet the roaring street, the
derrick and the stamp.
For he must blaze a nation's ways, with
Hatnhet And with brand.
Till on hia last-won wilderness an empire's
bulwarks stand.
No Hydrophobia In Portlund.
PORTLAND, May 19. (To the Editor.)
Will you state whether a dog. has ever
been known to have the rabies or hy
drophobia in Portland, or, in fact, on
the Coast. I have uvea in or near mis
city a number of years, and have never
heard of a case. A friend declared tnat
there had been a case within the last
year or two of a dog with hydrophobia
biting several dogs and people, and de
clared it was exploited in The Oregon
ian, which I think a mistake.
W. H. PHELPS.
You seem to. be right. Heads of the
news departments or tnis paper nave
no recollection of such disease among
dogs nor of such alleged publication.
The poundmaster . was questioned: he
recalls no case of rabies.
About three months ago, a case
thought to be hydrophobia developed in
Los Angeles. It created so great a scare
that the authorities of several counties
in Southern California ordered all dogs
running at large to be muzzled. Still,
well informed residents declared that
the disease was not hydrophobia, and
that there never had been a genuine
case west of the Rocky Mountains.
Tasks for George.
Richard Llnthlcum, in New York World.
Who'll put a atop to angry words
Between the Commons and tht- Lords
And make them sheath their verbal swords?
Let ueorge ao it.
Who'll nark to Egypt's bitter plea
And peace in f naroan s land decree
By larger grants of liberty?
i.et teorge ao it.
Who'll put an end to threat and boast
And lift the war cloud from his coast
And bid the German Kaiser "pros't?"
Let George do it.
Who'll make his name forever stand
Among the great by helping hand
To gain home rule for Ireland?
Let teorge ao it.
No task is here that he should rue it.
The path is plain if he pursue it; '
The Question now Is., Will George do It?
Maybe he will.
LIFE'S SUNNY SIDE
Roy Bone," a brother of- United States
District Attorney Harry Bone, several
years ago was a reporter on the Wichita
Beacon. In going to a fire one of the
members of the Fire Department was
thrown from a hose cart and killed. Bone
wrote a head with this as the first deck: ,
"Gone to His Last Fire." The piece got "
into the paper and Bone was promptly
"fired." Kansas City .Journal.
'
At the international Sunday school con
vention at Louisville, fn answer to the
rollcall of states, the reports , were ver
bally given by the various state chairmen.
When the Lone Star State was called, a
brawny specimen of Southern manhood
stepped out into the aisle and with ex
ceeding pride said: -
"We represent the great State of Tex-
s. The first white woman born in Texas
is still living she now has a population of
over 3.000.000." -'
There -was a pause of bewilderment for
a moment and then a voice from the gal
lery ran out clear and distinct:
"Send that woman out to Wyoming we
need her." Everybody's.
,
Assistant Secretary Adee,. of the De
partment- of State, who has now gone to
Europe on his annual tour awheel, came --
down to the ground floor of the Stae De
partment building at. the close of business
one afternoon hot long ago and was get
ting out his bicycle preparatory to start
ing home. He saw one of the officials
of the department sitting in the hall.
'Why- don't you go home?" asked Mr.
Adee.
The official exrilained that he had a
lame foot and was walling for a taxica'b.
Ah, I see, said Mr. Adee. "You've
got locomotor ataxicabibus." Washington
Times.
-
A Chicago traveling man, a guest at the
Hollenden a day or two ago, was telling
Clerk McCarthy a story illiastrative of how
accustomed to long separations a travel
ing man and his wife may become. ,
This man s work takes him from coast
to coast, and not infrequently he Is gone
from home for five and six months at a
stretch.
The last time he went away, accord
ing to the man's story, lie was obliged to
leave home right in the midst of a meal,
in order to make the train he wanted to.
"You ought to wait another day and
have your ' suit pressed," remarked his
wife. "1 hate to have you go looking so
ill-groomed."
"I'll have it done within a day or two
or at the first chalice," promised the hus
band. "Wish I could stay, though, for a
piece of that apple pie you were making.
Save me a piece, won't you?" he added
with a grin.
Well, she went to the train with him
and bade him a fond good-bye. Just five
months and ten days later he returned.
His wife was again at the train, duti
fully. "I see you kept your promise and
had your suit pressed," were her first
words as she threw her arms around his
neck.
"Yes," he said, "but, by the way. did
you save me that piece of apple pie?"
Cleveland Plain Dealer.
It is narrated that Cunnel Breckenridge,
meeting Majah Buffo' d on the streets of
Lexington one day, asked: "hat is the
meaning, suh, of the conco'se befo' the
Co'thouse?"
To which the Majah replied:-
"General Buckneh, suh, is making a
speech. General Buckneh, suh, Is a bo'n
oratah."
"What do you mean by a bo'n oratah?"
"If yo' or I, suh, were asked how much
two and two make we would reply, Toh.'
When this is asked a bo'n oratah he re
plies: 'When in the co'se of human events
it becomes necessary to take an lntegeh
of the second denomination and add it,
suh, to an lntegeh of the same denomlna.
tion, the result, suh, and 1 have the sci
ence of mathematics to back me in my
Judgment, the result, suh, and I say it
without feah of successful contradiction,
suh, the result Is fo'.' That's a bo'n ora
tah." The Lyceumite.
Sentence Sermons.
Henry F. Cope in Chicago Tribune.
You do not manifest faith by deny
ing facts.
The measure of every gift is the all
we have.
Making earth brighter makes heaven
surer.
Praying Is a wasteful act when it
stops at wishing.
No man has a great mission who
slights little ministries.
You cannot live for people without
living with them.
Trouble never weakens you save
when you flee from it.
Turn your face to the sun and you
will never fear the shadows.
People who live in a bread and but
ter world are always hungry.
You cannot make live saints by de
nouncing the ways of dead sinners.
There is no naturalization for heaven
without good citizenship here.
When a man tries to hide his sins he
usually succeeds in planting them.
The Modern Daughter.
Cleveland Plain-Dealer.
"What time did you get to bed last
night, Matilda?" inquired the young
woman's father.
"Parent." replied the haughty girl,
"if you will address me by my right
name I will endeavor to answer your
somewhat abrupt query. I do not
answer to Matilda because my name Is
Mathllde."
"Very well, Mateeld, go ahead with
your answer."
"I do not know what time I retired,"
the fair girl responded. "Mr. Robin
son Jones offered to remain here until
the appearance of the comet."
"Good gracious," cried the excitable
parent, "It must have been half past
three!"
"For that," said the girl with calm
lnunf erence, "you must blame the
comet."
And she swept haughtily from the
room.
The Boy Obeyed.
Circle Magazine.
A mother , who had invited company
to dinner said to her young son. "Fred
die, don't say anything about Mr. M.'s
nose at dinner table tonight."
Just as the dessert was brought In
Freddie remarked, in clear, distinct
tones: "Ma, what did you tell me not
to say anything about Mr. M.'s nose
for?- He hasn't got any."
As to the Grange Resolutions.
Dallas Observer.
The Observer opines that the Oregon
Grangers are about like the rest of us
poor, weak mortals who sometimes meet
in state associations and' conventions. We
get together and pass all sorts of high
sounding resolutions and declarations of
principles, and then each man goes home
and does about as he darned pleases.
Opera by Wireless.
Popular Mechanics.
The aria from "Carmen," -sung by
Mme. Mariette Mazarin, the famous
prima donna, recently passed through
the myriad Jangling noises of the New
York streets, and was gathered in all
Its original sweetness by the receivers
of wireless telephones located several
miles away.
Every-Day Latin.
Success Magazine.
"The first class In Latin will please
come to order," announced the teacher.
"Tommy, will yon please construe the
w'ord 'restaurant'?"
"Res, things; taurus, a bull," re
sponded Tommy; "bully things."