THE MORNING OREGONIAN, SATURDAY, MARCH 5, 1910.
PORTLAND. OREGON.
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PORTLAND, SATTBDAT, MARCS 5, 1910.
TATTS DCEXICCXTEES.
President Taft has a difficult place
to fill, because, of necessity, he must
act the part of a man in high place,
who is thrown into a conflict between
opposing forces, each of which desires
its own way, neither of which is willing-
to be reasonable in Its considera
tion of the real facts and require
ments of the situation. No group
devoted to Its own peculiar ideas can
have its own way. Ours is a govern
ment of balanced influence and
power. President Taft inherits a sit
uation or condition in which these in
fluences or forces are out of balance.
President Roosevelt carried a scheme,
a thought, an idea, very far. It was
the thought or idea of controlling
and restraining what We call the
money power. Yet Roosevelt himself
Is one of the most invincible asserters
of legitimate property rights. But a
consequence of his career was the
arousal o.f the hopes and expectations
and purposes of a fierce democracy,
that never can be fulfilled. With
these. President Taft now has to
contend.
Therefore he is losing the sup
port of many who supported Roose
velt. These are persons who
didn't understand Roosevelt. For, at
bottom, Roosevelt is a man who be
lieves in and adheres to ideas of
centralized government. As contra
distinguished from no small mass of
his supporters, he is an imperialist.
He would send the Army to shoot its
way through Chicago, as quickly as
Cleveland did, and more quickly than
Taft ever would. Roosevelt is not a
Caesar, playing on one side with the
masses, on the other side establishing
a despotism in their name; and yet
there is analogy, which no studeit
of history can fail to observe.
Mr. Taft is a most reasonable and
judicious man. No one sees more
clearly the necessity of a. middle
course, between the extremes of rad
icalism on the one hand and of a
narrow conservatism on the other.
But there is a large class who do not
distinguish. Many of the extremists,
mistaking Roosevelt, imagined that
his course and policy would lead to
reduction or extinction of what they
call the privilege of property, and
bring the socialistic idea to the front.
Most of these, Jndeed, supported
Roosevelt. They do not support
Taft. v They fall away from Taft.
They misconceive Roosevelt, and
Taft too.
For maintenance of an even bal
ance between these opposing forces
is a necessity of society and govern
ment. : Taft is in the position of a
man who must restore and maintain
it. Yet Roosevelt is far more an Im
perialist than Taft. He would use
and press the power of government
further than Taft ever would unless
the occasion were extreme and Taft
Telt he had to -meet it. But such are
the contradictions of human nature
that Roosevelt gete "applause from
the general." -where Taft cannot.
It is seldom in our affairs that a
more difficult situation Is presented
than that which President Taft now
has to meet. Too much Is expected
of him, from one side and the other.
The true policy lies in reconcilement
of these variant and opposing forces;
and such reconcilement must be
reached at last. But the man who
is charged now with the duty is in
a most difficult position. Yet in
fact he can more easily reconcile the
moderate than the unreasonable or
extreme classes of our people.
Elimination of the Influence of
property from government an ob
ject for which an element of democ
racy always contends never will be
possible. That way would lead to
despotism, for society must have or
der, and rights of property must be
preserved. But between the two
main parties, whose acceptance of
the principles of the rights of
property is undisputed, stands a
class who have large voting
power, and who may turn the result
either way. Not in fact, however,
tout only in name; for the result will
not be much different, one way or
the other. Cleveland was elected by
those who were dissatisfied with what
they called "plutocracy." The dis
appointment of those who contribut
ed the votes necessary to his election
was extreme. He went further in his
assertion of the power of government
against disorder than ever Blaine or
Harrison would have done. The most
probable Democratic candidate for
.the Presidency in 1913 is Governor
Harmon, of Ohio. He is a man of
the Cleveland type, from top to toe
from the extremest upward of his
head to the descent and dust beneath
his feet. In the Presidential office
he would be a man, on any emer
gency, of as much vigor and rfgor
as Taft; for he is a man of charac
ter far more severe. Taft is a man
disposed to reason it out, if he could
Harmon would use the necessary
force, and let the necessity speak for
Itself afterwards.
But because Roosevelt is miscon
ceived and misunderstood, Taft Is
misconceived and misunderstood also.
Substantially the two are the same:
but the one Is more dramatic than
the other. Yet it may be doubted
whether, in 1912, Roosevelt could ob
tain more votes than t Taft. Politi
cians who now are singing praises of
Roosevelt, falsely, would oppose .him
just as they would oppose Taft.
They would quickly eat all the
words of praise they are now - be
stowing on Roosevelt.
Senator Jeff Davis, the "Idol of the
Hilly Billies," has been caught with
the "goods on. him," and, like some
other reformers for revenue only, he
shirks the responsibility. Summoned
before the House committee on pub
lic lands to testify regarding a suit
to quiet title to 100,000 acres of
swamp lands, this blustering paragon
of all Senatorial virtues admitted that
he was to receive "a good fee" if the
title to the lands were proven. Fear
ing the results when the news of his
connection with a big land company
corporation should reach the ears of
his i "one-gallua" constituency, Davis
made an effort to have his statement
regarding the fee stricken from the
records. Fortunately for Davis, the
mental caliber of a constituency
which would send such a specimen
to the United States Senate is such
that he will have but little difficulty
m convincing them that his exposure
was only a clever trick of the politi
cal bogle men who, he assures his
constituents, are always on his trail.
THE FACTS ARE COMING OVT.
The conspiracy against Secretary
Ballinger, led by Forester Plnchot, is
one of the worst things of the kind
ever presented in our public affairs.
Look fairly at the developments of
yesterday.
With reference to the claim that
Mr. Ballinger had deceived the Pres
ident concerning a decision by the
Controller of the Treasury, Mr. Pln
chot admitted that Mr. Balling-er'a
written statement to the President
was a fair one and the documents he
submitted were all that probably bore
on the case. He Insisted, however,
that there was "the unavoidable in
ference that Mr. Ballinger had com
municated in some other way with
the President."
Whose inference? That of Pinchot
alone. Observe further how this
"unavoidable inference that Ballinger
had communicated in some other way
with the President" accuses not only
Ballinger, but the President himself
of deception and lying.
Again, it was brought out in the
inquiry, from Pinchot's testimony,
that the co-operative agreement with
the Forest Service, which Ballinger
discontinued, was not the usual ar
rangement whereby one department
lends its employes temporarily to an
other, but provided that employes of
the Interior Department should be
under the exclusive control and Juris
diction of the Forester.
That is, the Secretary of the In
terior was not to be chief of his own
department, but Mr. Plnchot asserted
his right to be chief Plnchot insist
ing that the employes of the Interior
Department were to be .under his own
Jurisdiction and control. What self
respecting official, . at the head of a
department, could permit it? Be
cause Ballinger wouldn't submit to
this, Pinchot denounces him as an
enemy of the public interests. The
country is rapidly getting knowledge
of the inside of this business.
TRAITORS TO THE FBOPXK.
Traitors to the people are the bosses
and organs that would limit the num
ber of the people's initiative measures
on the ballot. For if the Initiative is
the moet precious of the people's new
privileges for ordaining their untram
roeled will, any "leaders" who seek to
restrain the use of that privilege in
the coming elections in Oregon are
false to the people.
. The people are to decide what ques
tions they wish submitted to a vote.
Their initiative law guarantees them
the free exercise of this right. Double-dyed
and most toad-spotted trait
ors are they who would check the
peqple's aspirations to better condi
tions by use of the initiative.
There should be as many initiative
measures in the next elections as
"progressive" citizens can put on the
ballot. The law gives them that right.
Men who respect the law and the peo
ple will keep Hands off, while the peo
ple proceed to give expression to their
will.
NEW SUPPLY OF LABOB. .
Not even that almost human ma
chine, the "Iron Chink," which has
become such a necessary part of
cannery equipment, has succeeded in
replacing the cannery employes who
annuajly go north to pack salmon in
Alaska. It is questionable whether
the saving in numbers of em
ployes that has been effected by the
use of modern machinery has been
sufficient to offset the increased num
ber made necessary by expansion of
the industry. The increasing scope
of operations each year demands a
larger number of fishermen-and other
employes, and each year witnesses
growing difficulty in securing labor.
In a great many other lines of rough
work in the Pacific Northwest, . this
difficulty is also more noticeable than
ever. The Chinese exclusion laws
and the disappearance of the Jap
anese have left but a scanty supply
of labor of the class which might be
termed "hewers of wood and drawers
of water."
There is, of course, an endless pro
cession of this class of labor pouring
Into - New York and other Atlantic
ports which have cheap and frequent
communication with the congested
labor centers of the old world. This
type of immigration, however, except
in limited numbers, never gets very
far away from the seaboard cities
where it enters, and it is doubtful
whether more than one out of a
thousand of the immigrants entering
New York gets as far away as the
Pacific Northwest. The ever-present
fear or feeling against the so-called
"Yellow Peril" will undoubtedly
make impossible any further immi
gration of consequence from across
the Pacific. It is thus plain that the
necessary supply of what might be
"termed "rough" labor will in the
future be drawn from the Caucasian
races of Europe, instead of the yellow
races of the Far East.
This supply of rough labor, still
needed In canneries. In clearing land,
and in other work which will not
stand the expense of skilled labor,
will not be plentiful -until completion
of the Panama Canal makes the Pa
cific Coast easily accessible for the
European immigrants. With Comple
tion of the canal, it will be possible
for steamships from the old-world
ports to land passengers at San Fran
cisco, Puget Sound, or Portland at
less than one-half the present cost
of the trip. The opening of this great
highway between the two oceans will
also bring with it another and even
more valuable class of immigrants
than the mere "hewers of wood," etc
There are millions of thrifty Euro
pean farmers and tradesmen who
would welcome release from the nar
row environment In which they are
at present living. Irrigation, dry
farming and the working of logged-
I off timber lands are, making available
millions of acres which will support
a vast population. No other part of
the United States can assimilate to
advantage as great a number of in
dustrious workers as can find homes
and means of livelihood in the Pa
cific Northwest. Some of the results
predicted for the Panama Canal are
problematical; but there is not much
uncertainty about its opening up a
new field for exploitation by the im
migrant agent.
PORTLAND'S GARBAGE PCZZLE.
By one and another The Oregonlan
is asked why the City of Portland is
about to spend $100,000 for a gar
bage burner, plus never-ending sal
aries of employes and costly adminis
tration, when it can let out the busi
ness to private individuals and thus
escape a heavy outlay of taxpayers'
money and an unceasing toll for up
keep, and new officialdom. For ex
penditure of $100,000 in North Port
land will be but a beginning and soon
a like sum, or larger, will have to be
appropriated for a burner on the Fast
Side, and then again in South Port
land. r
This paper several times has point
ed out the high cost of this proposed
garbage system, but municipal-owned
crematories seem to be demanded, at
least the Mayor and the Council think
so. A large voting element wants
taxpayers to pay for the disposition of
its garbage. The effect on taxpayers
is bound to be very expensive and
persons who make the garbage and
ought to pay for burning it will es
cape their Just dues. The hauling of
garbage through the streets by the
plan proposed will be costly and noi
some and wearing on streets; and the
crematories will be offensive objects
both as spreaders of smells and of
neighboring protests and wrangles.
The cheapest and easiest way of
taking garbage out of the city would
be by the river, whereby it could be
conveyed either to a distant crematory
or to the ocean. Any of the processes
that would be undertaken by private
individuals would be cheaper than In
the hands of city officials. The river
offers the easiest channel for carrying
away -the city's garbage, either by
municipal undertaking or by private
enterprise. A large incinerator on
the river bank, where it could readily
be reached from each side of the
stream, would afford an even more
economical arrangement.
However, the plan of building sev
eral burners and hauling garbage
long distances through the streets all
at high cost seems settled upon by
city authorities, and The Oregonian
will only add' that this plan may dis
pose of the garbage but hardly of the
garbage question.
CORK AND HOGS.
Corn in Chicago and at interior
points throughout the Middle West is
selling at lower prices than have
been reached in more than a year.
When It is considered tfcat corn, is
the principal food consumed by hogs,
which are now selling at highest
prices since the Civil War, there are
appearances of an economic paradox.
The reason for low-priced corn and
high-priced hogs, however, is that
old law of supply and demand. There
is an immense crop-of corn in the
country, while the number of hogs
to eat it is so small, comparatively
speaking, that they are unable to
consume the offerings. This decrease
in the supply of hogs and Increase in
the amount of corn available is not
a condition that has suddenly ap
peared before us. It has been com
ing for the past. three years, and the
present weakness in corn prices with
strength in hog quotations -is con
vincingly explained In the unadorned
statistics of the two great staples.
Last year the hog census, as re
ported by the Department of Agricul
ture, showed 54,147,000 head of the
valuable corn consumers, and the
corn crop was given by the same
authority as 2,772,376,000 bushels.
These figures compare with 56,084,
000 hogs and 2,668,651,000 bushels
of corn in 1908, and 54,794.000 hogs
and 2,592,320,000 bushels of corn in
1907. In other words, while there
has been a heavy increase in the
demand for pork products, the supply
of raw material was actually less in
1909 than it was in the two years
preceding; while with corn an exact
reversal of conditions was noticeable,
the 1909 crop being larger than either
of the two crops preceding it. '
While It is problematical how high
prices for hogs may be forced before
the figures become prohibitory, and
the demand decreases, there is less
liability of corn declining in keeping
with conditions which have caused
its weakness. The stocks in farmers'
hands are very large, and, as the
farmers are all prosperous, there may
be so much disinclination to sell at
prevailing prices that the crop sur
plus will be carried over to next sea
son. ..
NOT OCR FIGHT.
The necessity or propriety of tire
United States taking any part in the
Nicaraguan trouble has never been
very great, and it is. rapidly lessening.
President Madriz seems to have th
situation so well In hand that there
is not much hope for the revolution
ists. Abouf the onjy action that the
United States could properly take at
this time would be to prevent, so far
as possible, enlistment of American
citizens in the ranks of the revolu
tionists and importation of arms at
Bluefields. With elimination of
Zelaya as a factor in the controversy,
much of the anger of the people has
vanished and the welcome given
Estrada the deliverer has lost much
of its warmth. President Madriz
seems to be. a man of much more
liberal views than his brutal, arro
gant predecessor, and his administra
tion thus far has been of such char
acter that the Nicaraguan people are
showing a disposition to give him a
fair trial.
The topography of the country and
the temperament of the people en
gaged in the revolutionary move
ment will undoubtedly aid in post
poning the return of permanent
peace, for guerrilla warfare can be
maintained for a long time after the
regular organizations of insurgents
have been shattered and scattered.
A Bluefields cable in The Oregonian'
yesterday says that Estrada intends
following a- campaign of this kind
and hopes by this means to force
American intervention. It would be
unwise for this Government to take
up a lost cause of this kind,-for by
so doing we might establish a prece
dent which could not be followed to
advantage.
There are a great many warm
blooded people scattered throughout
the world who have a, constitutional
and perpetual grudge "agin' the gov
ernment." If the Nicaraguans of this
class could enlist the aid of the
United States in satisfying their
grudge, we might reasonably expect
similar demands on our Army and
Navy from a large number of "pep
pery" principalities where revolutions
are generated while you wait.
Corean advices say that Japan will
replace the Corean governors with
Japanese. This has started a fresh
crop of rumors regarding the annex
ation of Corea by Japan, but as usual
Japan denies any intention of doing
anything more than maintain a
friendly guardianship over the un
happy land from which the power of
the Coreans has departed forever.
From this distance it is not easy to
determine where the Coreans would
suffer any more than they' are now
suffering should Japan formally an
nex the land which it already "in
formally" controls. The replacing of
the Corean governors with Japanese
Is probably the beginning of the end,
and a few months hence the "Japan
ning" process will have been complet
ed and the flag of Nippon will float
over another tract of rich territory.
The British Columbia government
has undertaken to solve the servant
girl problem by a new method. It
has agreed to build for the Salvation
Army at Vancouver a receiving home,
and will advance $20,000, in cash to
be used in paying the. fares of girls
who are to be brought into the coun
try to take positions which cannot
now be, filled on account of the short
age of help of this kind. Something
of this kind was tried many years ago,
but there was such a surplus of single
men on the coast that the girls alj.
secured husbands before they sought
work. . As the available supply of un
attached husbands is not so large as
it was many years ago, some of the
Imported servant girls may reach the
kitchen. - . '.
The schooner Forrester sailed into
the Columbia River before a 72-mile-per-hour
gale a few days ago. It has
only been a few years since a 72-mlle
gale at the entrance of the Columbia
would have made the bar Impassable
for any kind of a craft. The present
Winter has been more severe than any
experienced in many years, ' but, de
spite the numerous hard storms,
shipping has suffered less delay at the
entrance of the river than In any pre
vious seasoh. This fact is the best
possible evidence of the improvement
that has taken place In the channel at
the mouth of the river, and with an
other season's work on the Jetty, aided
by the dredge, delays at the bar will
be unknown. '
The more initiative measures we
have for the November election the
better. Let us press this method of
legislation to Its fullest extent, and
get all the good we can out of it. Let
us have on the ballot everything that
everybody wants. Are not the people
to rule? The people want at least
200 propositions on the initiative
ballot; and he is no friend of the
people who doesn't want what the
people want.
A contract has been let for n
eight-story building at Walla Walla.
This enterprise, as well as otherB of
corresponding importance in various
cities in the Pacific Northwest, offers
pretty conclusive evidence that the
prosperity which is so apparent In
this city is only a reflection of that
which is noticeable throughout the
entire territory tributary to Portland.
Spanish, Portuguese, Porto Ricans
and South Sea Islanders have all been
tried and found wanting as planta
tion workers in Hawaii. Now an ex
periment with Russians shows simi
lar disappointment. Perhaps it is an
economic more than a political rea
son, that has brought so many Japan
ese and Chinese into the islands. .
The Oregonian believes In settle
ment of the country, occupation of
its lands and use of its resources. It
is not the opinion of this newspaper
that the land policy of the country,
under which a continent has- been
subdued and a population of 100,
000,000 planted has been a mistake.
"Editorial page of the Podunk
Journal," that stood erewhile as a
big line across the page of the Po
dunk Journal, has been removed.
How, then, is anybody to know the
editorial page of the Podunk Journal
when he sees it?
What's all this Democratic up
roar against Republican assembly?
Whether Republican candidates are
named by assembly or not, these up
roarious Democratic brethren will op
pose, them. Just the same.
Nature's highway between the Pa
cific Ocean and the interior of the
continent is along the even grade of
the Columbia River gorge, as Nature
has been demonstrating.
Everybody who opposes Pinchot is
said to be "standing in" with the
Cunninghams and the Guggenheims.
That appears as one of the "facts" of
the Pinchot case. .
With hogs now up to $11 and going
higher, it ought soon to be cheaper
to raise hogs in the country than to
eat them in the city.
Portland continues to be the only
railway center, starting point and
terminal that can do business at all
hours and all times.
If the flight of hog prices does not
cease, the cook will be compelled to
cut the ham in two, as the French
chef does the egg.
How many people realize that a
measure of Portland's prosperity is
due to Bull Run water? '
Miss Gould will marry an Ameri
can. " Impecunious noblemen also feel
the higher cost of living.
An Easter egg in any color . will
serve Just as well, and probably bet
ter, in this scarce year.
Wholesale potatoes are. down in
price, but who eats potatoes by
wholesale? ' -
It must be the comet that brings
taxes and Easter millinery in the same
month.
Portland and its suburbs are above
high water mark. '
Portland is on an air line, also, today.
LET ONE MAN ITHENST DO IT ALL
Hart VRn and Ills Scbvmera Will
Overturn State Government.
' Polk County Observer.
Ones more the Observer desires to
call attention to the proposed amend
ment to the constitution that is to be
submitted to the voters of Oregon for
adoption or rejection next November.
It is proposed to upset the whole plan
of government now in existence by giv
ing the Governor the exclusive power
to appoint all other state officers. Not
satisfied with this, radical proposal,
the constitution tinkers would go far
ther and take the election of District
Attorneys and Sheriffs out of the hands
of the people and .give the Governor
power to appoint them. Just think, you
good law-abiding citizens, what it
would mean to give one man the sole
power to appoint every Sheriff and Dis
trict Attorney in the state! If the peo
ple cf Oregon think they would like to
be governed by an absolute monarch,
they have only to go to the polls at the
next election and make a cross between
his amendment and its 'number on the
ballot, .
When the rumor first reached the
publlo that Mr. trRen and his assist
ants were preparing such a revolution
ary and un-American measure, the
voters could Bcarcely believe their
ears. They did not believe that any
man, or set of men, would have the
temerity to propose such a dangerous
and radical scheme with any hope of
Its receiving favorable consideration.
Many, indeed, were inclined to treat
the rumor as a Joke, believing that the
men reported to be behind it would
eventually confess to the people that
they were only testing the credulity of
the Oregon voters. Any such charit
able view, however, was destined to be
swept aside, for the rumor was soon
followed by confirmation by Mr. U'Een,
himself, in a statement to the effect
that he and his associates were very
much in earnest in their plans to place
such a measure before the voters at the
November election.
The Observer wishes it might predict
that this amendment would not receive
a single vote in Oregon other than that
of Mr. U'Ren. It would express such
prediction, were it not for the fact that
other amendments, equally radical and
only a little less dangerous, emanating
from this same source, have been writ
ten into the constitution of Oregon in
the last few "years. Under existing
conditions, we can only give voice fb
the hope that this latest measure will
meet the fate it so richly deserves.
Fellow Americans, before you vote
for such government think of the
Father of Our Country. Think of Lex
ington and Concord and Bunker Hill.
Think of the sufferings and privations
endured by the Revolutionary sires at
Valley Forge. Think of the Declaration
of Independence. Think of Shiloh and
Antietam and Missionary Ridge. Think
of the martyred Lincoln and his im
mortal speech at Gettysburg. Think of
that loved father or brother whole life
blood crimsoned the sod that a "gov
ernment of the people, by the people,
and for -the people" might not perish
from the earth. Think of these things,
and then go to the polls and bury this
proposed revival of foreign despotism
so deep that no crank or theorist will
ever again be found attempting to
make such an absurdity a part of the
fundamental law.
How Eskimo Women Die.
Harper's Bazar.
On her first entrance to her new hut of
snow an Eskimo woman Is buoyed by
hope of welcoming a son. What of her
last incoming to those narrow confines?
She knows that the medicine man has
decided that her sickness is mortal when
she Is laid upon her bed of snow.' She
gazes upon the feebly burning lamp be
side her; upon food and drink set close
at her hand. She sees her loved ones
pass out of the doorway that needs no
tunnel entrance to keep chill airs away,
for presently the door is sealed with
snow. The chill of death pierces through
her enveloping furs. Her tomb ensures
that no long tarrying will be hers. The
soul, companioning with her, may re
fresh itself with food, but starving and
freezing her feeble body- will witness
even that soul's departure and know
that its hour has come to perish alone.
JVo Matter Who la Hurt.
New York Sun.
If the honest man who is Governor of
New York and the honest man who Is
President of the United "States discern
benefit rather than injury to Republican
interests- In this state in a relentless
overhauling of the grocery, why should
any other honest Republican hesitate?
The fears and desires and theories of
political expediency entertained by the
bosslets are negllble.
The apprehensions of the members of
the old crackers and cheese crowd likely
to be Inculpated should serve as a posi
tive stimulus to thorough Investigation
and fearless exposure, not as a deterrent.
Nobody will be hurt but the rascals.
Fable on Advertising.
Kansas City Times.
"You's got to advertise If you want
people to know you're on earth," the
gorilla said. "It's the lion's roar that
makes him King of Beasts. The per
son who makes a big noise gets to the
front." The rabbit pondered these words
and was convinced. Some time later he
rose on his hind legs in a thicket and
screamed. A coyote, learning of the
rabbit's whereabouts by his noise,
hopped onto him and ate him.
Moral: If you haven't got the goods
don't make any noise at all.
The) Unnecessary "Statement.
Prineville Review.
"Statement one" is the disrupter of
party organization and the thorn in
the side of all Republicans who have
the welfare of their party at heart.
And the statement deals only with
Senatorial candidates and is unnecessary,
anyhow. Does- any one think Nick Sin
nott, of The Dalles could not nave been
elected to the Legislature on an anti
statement pledge? Bosh. He could
have been elected on any platform, and
the same could be said of many another
member.
From State to State, DodlnB Taxes,
Marine Journal.
There are some sharp tax dodgers
along the Mississippi and the Ohio
rivers- They live permanently on
houseboats, and there are 4000 of these
craft, inhabited by more than 12,000
persons. Try to tax them In a state
on one side of the river and they float
across to the opposite bank in another
state.
Fame Not Writ In Ice.
Detroit Free Press.
However, Commander Peary will be
known as Commander Peary still, when
most of the Rear-Admirals are forgot
ten. WhyT
Louisville Courier-Journal.
The name of Senator Guggenheim he
comes prominent In the investigation.
By the way, why is Senator Guggenheim?.
TILLMAN'S RESISTLESS FORCE.
Extraordinary- Tribute to the Senator
From South Carolina.
Washington Post.
Until Benjamin R. Tillman rose to
smite It, the State of South Carolina
was dominated by. an oligarchy made
up of Illustrious families. This regime
was partly political and partly social.
It was a pure government, frugal and
honest. It was never guilty of ex
travagance, and never accused of
graft. But the great families rilled,
though the form was a representative
commonwealth.
In the Revolutionary period were
Butler, Gadsden, Izard, Laurens, Matte,
Plnckney and the Rutledges, to say
nothing of the heroes Moultrie, Sumter
and Marion. After the adoption of
the Federal Constitution came the
Butlers, the Calhouns, Galllard, Hayne,
Legare, Preston, Pickens, McDuffle,
Barnwell, the Rhetts. Chestnut, Hamil
ton Hammond, Hampton and others.
There was commingled the blood of
Scotch-Irish and Huguenot, and per
haps it was the climate that made It so
fervent and so Impetuous.
Less than 25 years, ago Benjamin R.
Tillman determined to destroy this
aristocratic regime. It was a battle
of the giants. Hampton and Butlfer
were representatives of it. Both were
of Illustrious families, both had fought
and bled for the South on many a
stricken field; both were men of un
blemished honor. There rallied to
them the scions of the old families,
and they were Intrenched in the tradi
tions of centuries. Even Ben Till
man's elder brother, who had displayed
conspicuous abilities In Congress,
spoke against the policies of his
brother.
But the "Cracker" was aroused. He
had found a leader brave as Caesar,
devoted as Hampden, Impetuous as
Hotspur, resolute, earnest, honest, in
vincible. After a tremendous strug
gle. Tillman was elected Governor In
1890, and two years thereafter he was
re-elected. He was an "architect of
ruin." in that he held in contempt the
traditions of the past and smote the
oligarchy until It trembled and fell.
Wade Hampton was the first citizen
of the state; a hero and a statesman,
the heir of a great name and of an
immense fortune. No more gallant
soldier drew sword in the big war, at
the close of which he could have said
with more truth than did the crowned
Valols of the day of Pavia, "All Is lost
save" honor."
But without hesitation the new
champion of popular government
stripped Wade Hampton of his toga
and gave it to another. Only a little
while- and he defeated M. C Butler
for the Senate, in which body he took
his seat In 1895.
Nobody who witnessed the scene
when Tillman delivered his maiden
speech in the Senate will ever forget
It. His fellows appeared to be awed
Certainly nothing like it ever before
transpired in that theater. It recalled
the presence of the rude Gaul in the
Roman Senate, .- . recorded in ancient
story. Tillman was fierce in his de
nunciation of the then Democratic
President and the Democratic Secre
tary of the Treasury. Nor was he con-
nW hat He asaalled everything
political then In existence, and talked
as though he felt that there was but
one honest man In public life and he a
Senator from South Carolina with but
one eye and a pitchfork in his hand
But Tillman got bravely over that
As he came to know the Senate he re
spected It. Blunt to vulgarity, he was
honest to the core, and the Senate
came to respect him and Senators to
love him. Perhaps had he been a
greater intellect and a thoroughly cul-
iiX.alB.d sc,1iolar he oula ,have made
for himself a smaller place. Certainly
he would not have been the picturesque
figure he became.
Not In breadth of intellect, not In
learning, not in eloquence, but in re
sistless force of character, Ben Till
man Is the greatest man South Caro
Una ever produced, and. one of the
most extraordinary men our country
has produced. '
JEW MERELY A RELIGIOUS TERM
Dr. EmU Hlrach Saya the Word Ha No
Racial Significance.
Chicago Tribune.
Dr. EmU G. Hirsch. Dr. Joseph Stolz
and other well-known Chicago rabbis
agree with Judge Julian W. Mack and
Simon Wolf In their contentions before
the Immigration Commission at Wash
ington that Jewish immigrants should
not be classified as Jews. They hold
with Judge Mack and Mr. Wolf that
the term Jew is religious and not racial.
Jaturally the question arises, is there
a Jewish race? On this point the an
swer Is not so definite.
"The Jews are not a race in point of
nationality." said Dr. Hirsch. "Often
the term is used to designate them as
such, but most of us take the view that
It Is a religious and not a racial desig
nation. "The Zionists hold otherwise, and
orthodox Russian and Roumanian Jews
agree with them, but generally speak
ing, the American Jews and those of
England and other countries call them
selves Americans. Englishmen,- etc I
am aware that , the Jewish cyclopedia
defines Jews as a race, but that does
not alter 6ur contention.
"When the census-taker comes around
I will give my nationality as American
and my religion as Jewish."
"It is a mooted question as to wheth
er the Jews form a distinct race," as
serted Dr. Stolz. "We claim that the
government has no right to single out
a man and designate his religion, which
is done in referring to a German Jew.
a Russian Jew, etc. A German would
not be designated as a German
Catholic, or a German Protestant, and
yet that is what is done In classifying
Hebrews as Jews.
"The answer to a large extent would
depend upon the definition of the word
race. Some understand It to mean a
distinction, as Caucasian and Mongolian
races. In this sense It would be Incor
rect to speak of a man as a Jew."
American Appreciation of. Art.
Chicago Record-Herald.
Mr. Wolgast, the new pugilistic cham
pion, is being "flooded" with offers from
theatrical managers. It Is reported that
some of the offers carry salary provi
sions ranging from $1000 to $2500 a week.
It will be wholly useless for anybody to
attempt to convince us. after this, that
there is in this country no widespread
appreciation of our home brand of art.
Co n, mo n pi ace Towns
Chicago Tribune.
.How about the commonplace towns?
There's Plainfleld, N. J.; Mlddletown,
Conn.; Dedham, Mass. Any others?
New York Mail.
O, yes; Shinbone, Ala.; Rough and
Ready, Cal.; Nogo, Ark.; Hoodoo, Tenn.;
Dogden, N. D. ; Mid, Tex., and Halfway,
Lumpkin County, Georgia.
In Kansas.
New York Mall.
One of the best farmers in Kansas has
moved out of the state because his neigh
bors made fun of him for not owning an
automobile. It appears, that the wretched
man had invested all his ready cash in
diamonds.
Should Get In the Swim.
St. Paul Pioneer Press.
President Taft is anxious to have the
Maine raised. It should be done. Ev
erything else is going up.
Women Without Fear.
Christian Science Monitor.
Though woman cannot go to war
That act la not allowed her
At home, they say, most every day.
She faces smokeless powder.
HIGHWAYMEN" PLEAD GUILTY
Udy and Baker, Boy Robbers, and
Others Indicted by Grand Jury.
Ross Udy and Harry Baker, the high,
waymeh who held up the Twe've-Mile
House February 20 and secured $?0,
pleaded guilty in the Circuit Court
yesterday. They will be sentenced
Monday. Two indictments were re
turned against the two men yesterday,
one charging assault. with a revolver
on Frank Hedaerly, and the other as
sault with intent, if resisted, to kill
Mary Merrill.
Charles Payne, who shot T. O. Buck-,
ett with a revolver when the latter
paid a visit to his divorced wife Jan
uary 20, was among tnose indicted and.
arraigned. He was allowed 10 days
In which to decide upon his plea. At
the time of the shooting Payne was
visiting Mrs. Puckett, when Puckett
called. Words between the two men
followed, and Payne drew the re
volver. Mrs. Puckett leaped upon
Payne as he was In the act of shoot
ing Puckett, and succeeded in turning
aside the bullet, whic-. struck her ex
husband on the shoulder, inflicting
only a flesh wound.
William Dean, said by the officers
to be an ex-convlct, came into court
wearing a wig. He was arraigned on
a charge of larceny in the dwelling of
V. R. Finch. January 2. He is alleged
to have secured jewelry valued at $718.
Manson White, a relative of Stan
ford White, of Thaw trial fame, was
arraigned for obtaining money under
false pretenses. He is accused of hav
ing passed a worthless check for $5
upon William K. Brown. The check
is drawn upon Ladd & Ttlton's bank.
True bills, charging John Petterson
and George Miller with assault on Jim
Toney with knives, were returned. The
pair were arraigned In the afternoon.
Miller said his true name is Molar. He
was given 10 days to enter his plea,
while ..Petterson was given until 2 P.
M. Monday.
George Crosby was indicted and
pleaded guilty to a burglary charge.
He broke into he house of E. W. Colb
on February 19 with intend to steal.
Before Crosby entered his plea. Judge
Morrow asked him if he understood
the seriousness of the crime with which
he is charged, and he replied that he
did. He will be sentenced Monday.
Other indictments and arraignments
were as follows: . George H. Walker,
accused of passing two forged checks,
one for $3 and. the o.her for $21; R.
Hill, accused of stealing property
worth $225 from Charles Isakson; Fred
Nutbrown, assault upon 13-year-old
Esther M. H. Wels.
John Foley was indicted, but was
not arrarlgned. He is alleged to have
stolen last month from the North Bank
Restaurant 15 meal tickets worth $S
each and 5 meal tickets worth $2.50
each. Three other indictments were
returned, which were not given out for
publication, the indicted persons not
being in custody.
Three not true bills were returned
also. One was in the case of C. J.
Holbrook and Lillian A. Huston, ac
cused of a statutory offense. M. Mc
Arthur was "cleared of a charge of
having stolen from the O. W. P. Land
Company a contract by which the cor
poration was authorized to sell lands
in Clackamas County belonging to R.
F. Walters. Jack Briscoe was cleared
of an accusation of having knowingly
forged a bank check for $25, passed
upon Ford Metzger.
ASTORIA RATE TO COME DOW.X .
A. & C. Must Stand Entire Reduction
Ordered by Commission.
That the reduoed grain rate ordered
'by the Interstate Commerce Commis
sion in the Astoria, rate case would be
put in effect on March 15 was the
brief announcement issued yesterday
from the offices of the Astoria & Co
lumbia River Railroad.
This rate is 4hi cents In excess of
the rate on grain from the grain-growing
districts of Eastern Washington to
Portland. The present rate is lb cents
in excess of the Portland rate.
The decision, as It can apply only
to interstate commerce, does not spe-
same rate from the grain-growing dis
tricts of Oregon to Astoria and it is
stated at the general freight offices
of the O. It. & N. that no agreement
for putting in a through rate has been
entered Into by that road and the As
toria & Columbia River road.
The Oregon Railroad & Navigation
Company was made a party to the ac
tion instituted by the Astoria Cham
ber of Commerce and the Farmers' Ed
ucational & Co-operative Union, but
the attorneys for the O. R. N. inter
preted the decision to mean that it was
up to the Astoria & Columbia River road
to make the reduction. After March
15, unless an agreement for a division
of through rates is reached In the
meantime, wheat shipped 'from O. R. &
N. points In Washington or Oregon to
Astorra would go through to destina
tion at the reduced rate, but the As
toria road would receive only 4-fe cents
per 100 pounds for the haul between
Portland and Astoria.
The Interstate Commerce Commis
sion gave the railroads until March 15
to put in the rate ordered and the ac
tion announced yesterday discloses that
no attempt will be made to carry the
controversy into the courts. RaiIond
men and wheat shippers do not look
for the diversion of any wheat from
Portland to Astoria for export ship
ment on account of the new rates.
DEFRAUDED BY SOX, SHE SAYS
Mrs. Cartwright Brings Suit to Have
Deed Declared Invalid.
Accusing her son, James Peter Moffet,
of having obtained her signature without
monetary consideration and by undue in
fluence, to three parcels of Portland prop
erty and 106 acres, a part of the Terwil
liger donation land claim. Mrs. Charlotte
Moffet-Cartwright has brought suit in
the Circuit Court to have the deed set
aside.
A short time before December 22, when
her son induced her to deed her property
to him, she says she had had a fall, so
that she was ill. He brought with him to
her home at 215 Everett street, she says,
F. W. Watkins, a real estate dealer, and
Chester A. Wagner, Watkins' clerk. Tho
three men went with her into the dinlnK
roora and shut the door, she declares',
giving her other son, William, no oppor
tunity to be present. Then the instru
ment, which she has since discovered to
be a deed, was handed her, she says,
and she was told it was a paper in con
nection with the making of her will. She
says she had no opportunity to consult
with her attorney, Cyrus A. Doiph, but
was induced to affix her signature, rely
ing upon her son's loyalty. The consid
eration named in the deed is "love and
affection" and $1.
The property involved is " the 106-acre
tract, the south half of lot S, block 8, the
south half of lot 4, block 73, and lots 3
and 4. block 209. in Portland.
"Booster Day" Postponed.
OREGON CITY, Or., March 4. Spe
cial.) Booster day at Oregon City will
be held Saturday, April ti. Instead ' of
March 12, as originally planned. The
Commercial Club postponed the affair In
order to have more time to arrange an
attractive programme.
Sawyer to Promote Publicity.
OREGON CITY, Or., March 4. (Spe
cial.) Charles E. Sawyer, of Portland,
has been elected secretary of the pub
licity department of the Commercial Club,
succeeding S. P. Davis, whose resignation
took effect today.