10
THE MORXiyG OREGONIAy, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 15, 1909.
PORTLAND, OREGON.
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I'ORTLAJsI), WEDNESDAY, DEC. 15, 190.
IT IS NOT A FAIR TAX.
The Treasury Department is issuing
Its instructions for assessment and col
ilection of the corporation tax. This
la the duty of the Department, under
'the law. But the corporation tax is
not a fair tax. It is not an equal and
;just tax. It penalizes the corporate
ethod of doing business for cor
porations small and great and leaves
Untaxed Individuals and partnerships
doing business in the very same lines.
The corporations of the country
"with the exception of national banks
are organized under state law. They
ere agents and instruments of the
'state, employed under state law, for
facilitation of business. They author
ize, combinations of capital, without
which the capital necessary even for
..local irrigation projects, for sawmills,
(for drying hops and prunes, cannot
(be carried on. The Government" of
'the United States ought not to pe
nalize these efforts. Property of all
cuch, of course. Is subject to state taxa
tion. The state taxes the property,
iand the United States taxes the ef
ffort; and yet both the property and
the effort belong to the Jurisdiction
;f the state, and the state has au
thorized the method and the effort
which the United States proceeds to
'tax.
Of course, the law and the tax will
jibe resisted, and on several grounds.
;The corporation owes its existence to
istate law. Has the Government of the
lUnited States a right to tax a method
iomployed by the state for furtherance
of the business of its citizens? It may
Itax the citizens, because It operates
directly upon them. It may require
jthem to do military duty, and even
duty in civil office. But the corpora
tion is not a citizen of the United
IStates. It is a fictitious person, created
by the state, for its own purposes. Has
!the United States a right to tax it?
Of course, if it has a right to tax, it
,-iias a right to suppress that is, to tax
jto the finality of suppression. So It
Ihfis suppressed state banks of issue,
:under the grant of the Constitution
'which enables the general government
;to control the monetary system of the
country. But has it the right to tax
corporations that exist under state
flaw only? Has it a right to suppress
Jthem? This is to be tried out.
The argument on both sides doubt
lless will be. split into many reflne
itnents. But this, finally, will be the
! Question, to wit: AVhether the cor
Iporatlon tax levied by the law of the
! United States is a direct tax, or not.
There can be no valid direct tax by
!he United States, enforceable among
'the states, unless apportioned among
"the states according to the population
or respective numbers. That is a set
tled principle, written in the Constitu
tion of the United States and affirmed
'y the Judgments of the Supreme
Court.
If the United States may tax cor
porations created under laws "of the
states, it may tax these corporations
out of existence; under the familiar
rule laid down by Chief Justice Mar
shall, that "the power to tax includes
the power to destroy," and "the power
to destroy may defeat and render use
less the power to create." These, added
the great Chief Justice, "are propo
sitions not to be denied."
It is most probable, as The Orego
nlan believes, that the corporation tax
.will be declared extra-constitutional
and invalid. The income tax, collected
from the individual citizen, will stand,
; however, on a very different basis
even though the United States Su
preme Court, on reasoning not con
clusive even to itseir, and by a ma
jority of only one vote- stopped that
Itax, too, on the ground that it ex
ceeded the constitutional limitation.
This, however, la most doubtful; and
;tt Supreme Court, differently consti
tuted, might easily affirm the, validity
of an Income tax without violence to
the former opinion of that tribunal.
Justice, however, and equity must, in
the long run, have weight in decision
of these matters; and it cannot be
Tight that a corporation doing business
under state law should be required by
the United States to pay a tax when
nn Individual person or a partnership,
kloing the same or similar business,
whould be passed over.
FATHERS ANT CIGARETTES.
It is not surprising that Truant Of
ficer Ketchum, of Seattle, finds some
'difficulty in keeping an eye, on every
urchin of that depraved city who
'wishes to smoke cigarettes. Even in
a city of normal piety and sobriety the
'task would be stupendous. What must
'it be then In such a place as Seattle?
-Cumbered with many cares and scarce
ly knowing which way to turn his head
-under the overwhelming magnitude of
'his official burden. Officer Ketchum
iliRs asked for an assistant. With this
'trusty auxiliary at his side he plans to
'arrest and convict every dealer In,
Seattle who sells "the makings" of
I cigarettes to boys, if he can. We are
haunted by the fear that his laudable
; ambition is doomed to disaster.
If he had twenty assistants instead of
one the deplorable urchins of
Seattle would still buy and smoke as
.many cigarettes as their sinful hearts
might desire.
Foreseeing this Bad disillusionment
,why not focus official attention on the
;lboy who smokes the cigarette instead
;of the man who sells it? It is the bad
;loy, not the man, who is injured by
'the habit. To punish the storekeeper
for the boy's vice is a vicarious method
more elegant than effective. One fan
cies that all the tobacconists In Seattle
i might be Jailed without convincing a
ningle depraved schoolboy of the error
' of his ways. Much more salutary, we
should imagine, would be a good, pli
able hickory withe applied to the boy's
tender spot. This simple remedy
saved many souls before our day. It
is difficult to believe that Its efficacy
has been wholly exhausted. But Of
ficer Ketehum's single hand can not
wield the withe adequately without
some aid. Nor is a paid assistant the
best helper for him in this noble work,
Far better and more potent would be
the co-operation of the boys' fathers.
If every male parent in Seattle did his
duty in admonishing and chastising his
sons, there would be no need to arrest
tobacco sellers in vicarious expiation
of the boys' misdeeds. The careless
parent may blame himself if his boy
goes to perdition 'by the cigarette
route.
FOR I'NITY OF ACTIOX.
The primary law, without guidance
of assembly or convention for sugges
tion of nominations, affords no basis
for unity or concert of party action.
Without the convention or assembly,
the direct plurality primary Is a dis
solver of parties, especially of the ma
jority party, in a state. This, feared
from the first by not a few, has now
been completely demonstrated in the
experience of the Republican party of
Oregon.
Moreover, the convention will be
strictly in accord with law. It is no
where forbidden in the primary act;
for, though this act declares that all
nominations must be made as this
law directs and not otherwise, the
convention or assembly will not make
the nominations, but will be simply
an attempt to guide and to unite the
party in making nominations; and the
nominations then will be made in the
direct primary, by the general vote,
strictly In accord with the provisions
of the law.
The primary law itself, in a long
preamble, declares that political par-'
ties are essential in our form of gov
ernment, and must be maintained; and
the law throughout recognizes the ne
cessity of party combination and of
party in action. It cannot intend to
forbid the use of the proper means
necessary to such combination and ac
tion. Such, indeed, is not its intent,
but the contrary yet if such were its
intent the purpose would be absurd,
ineffective and void. There was not,
indeed, greatest display' of wisdom in
drawing up this law; but even those
who drew it knew perfectly well that
men must act in groups and through
organization to accomplish anything.
If the names offered by the assem
bly or convention are not satisfactory
to the members of a party, they will
be rejected in the primary election
and the party nominations will go to
others. The convention, further, will
tend to prevent the Intrusion of one
party In the affairs of another, since it
is not likely that the men recom
mended by a convention will be sup
ported for nominations by the oppo
site party at the primary.
The only possibility of any approach
to harmonious party action is through
organization, for recommendation of
candidates. The fight of a multitude
of candidates among themselves for
a nomination for any Important office
will result in nomination of one by a
small percentage of the party's vote;
and a period of this vigorous warfare
will result further in estrangement
from the successful candidate of a
large proportion of those who op
posed him for the nomination and sup
ported one or another of his oppo
nents. It is nothing short of party
destruction. Under the system no Re
publican Senator can ever be elected
in Oregon; nor any Republican for
any other high office, after a hot
scramble among several candidates for
the nomination. ,
If, therefore. Republicans of Oregon
desire any success in future they will
come together for counsel about can
didates before the primary Is held.
They then may attain to something
like unity of action. Without use of
this method, never.
OUR SQUANDERED .WATERFRONT.
Councilman Kills' project of investi
gating title to stretches of waterfront
which have been lifted, as It were, by
various individuals may or may nut
result in anything of direct practical
benefit. It is a good, deal easier to
keep the end of a street when you
have it than to get it back again after
you have fooled it away. But in any
case, Mr. Kills' investigation may stir
taxpayers of Portland to a little whole
some reflection on the way their prop
erty has gone and is likely to con
tinue going if they are not on the
alert.
It is noticeable that when a corpora
tion wants to get hold of a piece of
the city's waterfront the property is
never worth anything. The company's
lawyers appraise it at zero or less and
the people's representatives compla
cently let it go at that figure. Ulti
mately a time comes when the public
needs the property It has frittered
away. A movement to recover it be
gins and the discovery is made that
it is worth big sums of money.
This silly performance has occurred
over and over again with the city's wa
terfront on both sides of the river.
The lesson of It all is plain enough.
The city should either keep its prop
erty or else sell it for what it is worth.
The unprofitable business of present
ing to Individuals land which belongs
to the public ought to have ceased
long ago. When the fathers made the
Constitution they were careful to pro
vide that private property should not
be taken for public use without com
pensation. The country would have
fared better than it has if they had
added the provision that public prop
erty shall not be taken for private use
without compensation.
AN INTERESTING LIBEL SUIT.
It was not to be supposed that Judge
LIndsey, of the Juvenile Court of Den
ver, and his collaborator, Harvey H.
O'Higglns, a magazine writer, who are
telling a story of Denver-politics in a
New York magazine under the head,
"The Beast and the Jungle." would
escape a suit for libel. Such a suit
has been filed in a Denver court, ask
ing damages for defamation of charac
ter against each of the defendants in
the sum of $50,000, the complainant
being W. G. Smith, ex-Speaker of the
Colorado House of Representatives. As
Is usual in the case of a sensational
story, "the plot thickens." The read
ing public has taken relatively lan
guid interest thus far in the alleged
disclosures of Denver political meth
ods, knowing that much depends upon
the point of view. It will sit up and
take notice, now that Judge Lindsey
has been called upon to make good
his charges of official corruption under
oath or satisfy this aggrieved party
by payment of exemplary damages.
It is scarcely conceivable that a man
of Judge Llndsey's legal acumen and
political experience would make the
charges that he has made against Den
ver politicians and managers of cor
porations, fearlessly calling the names
of the accused, unless he could sub
stantiate them. On the other hand,
the public shrinks from accepting his
bold recital of fraud, double-dealing
and official and corporate corruption,
as detailed, giving names and dates
and specific sums of money Involved,
as a reflex of conditions prevailing in
and ruling a populous, prosperous and
beautiful American city. In this strait
betwixt the two, developments In the
suit filed, . as above noted, will be
awaited with interest.
ONE STEP AT A TIME.
It is a very Interesting letter that
Mr. C. V. Cooper offers in The Ore
gonian today. Our first word about
it is that Portland can't do everything
at once. Chief of reasons why Port
land cannot put tunnels (or tubes, if
that word suits everybody better) in
or under the river, is the belief that
the cost would be too great, for pres
ent conditions. But this Isn't the sole
obstacle. At Portland, on either side
of the river, are many thousands of
owners of land, who wish their prop
erty interests preserved, cared for and
maintained. They have the numbers
and the strength to compel attention.
Again, it is not possible at this time
to force in Portland conditions as to
transit and movement, subways, tun
nels and tubes, that but Just now. are
obtaining in old cities, where there
is enormous wealth, created and sup
ported by the industries of a vast pop
ulation. We must deal with this situation at
Portland, as it is. No theory is good
for anything that does not take pres
ent conditions into account. There is
little wealth here; the city is In a
stage of growth that suggests uncer
tainties as to future development In
one direction or in another; owners
of property are anxious to preserve
the values and to enhance them, and
each and all contend for their own In
terests, as they see them. A balance
between these interests and forces
must be sought, and upon this Judg
ment we must base present action.
In these brief statements Jle the
reasons why The Oregonian at this
time urges construction cf the Broad
way bridge. The Madison bridge is
under construction, the tunnels (or
tubes) will come later. Portland is not
New Tork or London.
Let The Oregonian be excused here
for a remark. Portland is not to have
500,000 inhabitants by 1912. That is ri
diculous. The city is growing fast. But it
must work and wait yet a little. The
"ocean ship harbor" Is a matter of
very first importance too; but it will
not be seriously interfered with by
erection of the high bridge at Broad
way. There will be great; things doing
here in future years, but children must
creep before they can walk; and the
Idea, of settling now, once for all, the
problem of movement over and under
the river will, disappoint all, who en
tertain it.
NEW LIGHT ON DIVORCE.
One of the professors in the state
university of Nebraska has written an
extremely Interesting article on divorce
for the December McClure's. In his
opinion the ecclesiastical theory of
marriage is one that cannot be main
tained either on historical or scriptural
grounds. sHe contends that the sacra
mental quality of the contract was a
rather late innovation in the church.
Luther and most of the other reform
ers repudiated it and its acceptance by
many of the Protestant denominations
in recent times seems to be an act of
retrogression. Leaving the delicate
domain of theology our author. Pro
fessor George Elliott Howard, pre
sents a number of facts bearing on the
divorce question which are of more
immediate importance, probably, than
the dispute whether marriage Is a
sacrament or not.
He states, for instance, that the di
vorce habit is spreading all over the
world though we are mgre subject to
It that any other Aryan nation thus
far. Of American marriages one in
ten ends in divorce and the tendency
is for this proportion to increase. The
states which harbor "divorce colonies"
do not by any means exhibit the great
est number of severed marriage bonds.
South Dakota, which once sheltered,
two or three thriving groups of men
and women waitllng for the courts to
set them free never had so many di
vorces to the thousand of population
as Indiana. Professor Howard does
not believe that the divorce scandal
in the United States arise from bad
legislation on the subject, or that bet
ter laws would improve mattersmuch.
The evil, if it Is an evil, is incident to
the profound social changes which this
generation is experiencing, particular
ly the emancipation of women from
economic dependence. Both sexes find
many of the old domestic restraints
irksome and In their efforts to make a
new adjustment they often break up
their families. Naturally this unrest
is a temporary phenomenon. When
social equilibrium has been restored if
will disappear and the family will re
sume Vs former stability.
Reasoning In this way Professor
Howard does not see much to worry
over in our scandalous divorce record.
It is regrettable of course, but in all
probability it is an indispensable pre
liminary to more lasting marriages and
happier homes. It seems to be one of
those numerous cases, in fact, where
Providence manages to bring ultimate
good out of present evil.
A TRUST THAT FAILED.
For the second time since its or
ganization, the International Sailing
ship Owners Union has been obliged
to suspend its scale of minimum grain
freight rates out of Pacific Coast ports.
This organization, controlling more
than four-fifths of the available sail
tonnage of the world that was suitable
for grain carrying, has met with a
fair degree of success in maintaining
grain freights at a minimum figure,
sufficient to prevent actual loss in ope
ration of vessels. But the "combine,"
like all others that aattempt to set
aside .the immutable law of supply and
demand, "had its limitations and was
obliged, to acknowledge them. Ocean
freight space is for sale by every prom
inent nation on earth, and It is im
possible to regulate the supply and de
mand so as to prevent occasional pe
riods of congestion and low rates.
The Sailingshlp Owners combine was
formed to prevent sinking of these
rates below the point where the ope
ration of ships would no longer show a
profit. The minimum rate fixed from
Portland and Puget Sound to Kurope
was 27s 6d, or $6.60 per ton of 2240
pounds. It is readily noticeable that
this is a very low rate for service,
which Involves loading and discharg
ing, andja 14,000 mile voyage. Regard
less of this rate, the Saltingship Own
ers Union has been held up by the
American ship subsidy seekers as a
horrible example, of the rapacity , of
shipowners on whom we are depend
ent 'or freight carrying. Simultane
ously with this complaint against the
alleged extortion of the combine, ap
pears the statement that even the com
bine rates are so low as to preclude
all possibility of an American built
ship's entering into competition with
them.
It has thus been demonstrated that
under the rates established by the
Union, we were securing a' $6.60 per
ton rate for a 14,000 mile haul. Now,
with the union rates suspended, the
Idle ships that have been rusting at
their moorings in every port on the
Pacific Coast will make an effort to
get away not at union rates, which
owners have learned to their sorrow
are unobtainable, but at a rate that is
governed solely and exclusively by the
law of commerce. Prior to organiza
tion of the union, this rate, in times
when the supply of tonnage exceeded
the demand, ran down as low as 12s
6d per ton, and it Is not Improbable
that similar rates may be In evidence
before the present season ends. It is
distressing for subsidy seekers that an
over-supply of tonnage in all parts of
the world has forced suspension of
union rates, just at a time when Con
gressman Humphrey and his friends
are undertaking to show that Ameri
can commerce is suffering for lack of
ocean carrying facilities.
Nero could burn the town and then
reconstruct it, and work it out on the
plan of "the city beautiful," with the
Golden House reaching from the Pala
tine to the Ksquillne, with parks and
avenues and fountains, fis his own no
tions, or the flatteries of his courtiers
might fancy of direct; and the owner
of property who protested was stran
gled or drowned or thrown to the wild
beasts. But it will not be so easy to
carry out notions for a city beautiful
at Portland. The spurious Napoleon,
banking on the fame of the great Em
peror, and appealing to the vanity of
Parisians, persuaded them to incur an
immense debt for a new plan of Paris.
Property hero and there was bought
out, on an Immense scale; an enor
mous debt was created, which isn't
paid yet, probably never will be. But
Paris was and is the capital of Con
tinental Europe, and all travelers visit
Paris. There is only one Paris In the
world, and for centuries to come there
will not be another. However, the
vanity of Paris brought the Germans
to her gates, and their Hussars' and
Uhlans rode under the Arc de l'Etoile.
It's silly to talk about another Paris
or to hold Paris up as a model. No
city can imitate her beauty, and no
city desires her experience. Enough
for us to be rational beings.
The Twentieth Century Limited was
virtually flying when, covering the rails
at the rate of 62 miles an hour, it
took a siding at a station a few miles
from Erie, Pa., before .the train ahead
cleared the switch. Both trains were
running east. The flyer simply over
took a passenger train of the Lake
Shore before the latter could get out
of its way. A number of hapless pas
sengers were killed, others were
maimed and both trains were reduced
to splinters. A disaster of this kind
will happen now and then as the re
sult of an attempt to fly without wings.
This is travel of the Twentieth Cen
tury order. Its risks are enormous, but
there are plenty ofnen who are will
ing and anxious to take them for the
sake of "getting there" ahead of time.
The report of special agents of the
Immigration Commission on steerage
conditions on Atlantic liners. Is a most
damnable arraignment of officers and
crews, and in degree, of owners of the
vessels. Insults, indecent conduct, and
actual assaults on female passengers
in the steerage, are reported by these
special agents. As a 'remedy for such
revolting, practices as are indulged in
by the crews of these liners, the re
port should have given names of the
steamers, and dates when the outrages
were committed. The steamship line
that was known to permit such prac
tices on board its vessels, would soon
receive an unmistakable rebuke in
the shape of decreased patronage, not
only in the steerage but in the first
class quarters on the ships.
Old King Corn seems to be supply
ing plenty of entertainment for both
the bulls and the bears in the Chi
cago market. After a wildly hilarious
session on Monday, the market closed
firm with an advance of several cents
per bushel. Yesterday with fireworks
of another hue, there was a decline of
more than two cents per bushel. The
consumption of corn is not of such a
world-wide extent as that of wheat,
but neither is Its production. For that
reason, supply and demand quite fre
quently get so far out of line, that in
recent years the corn market has sup
plied nearly as many sensations as
have been credited to wheat.
Aldrich is said to dislike direct pri
maries. But this is probably false re
port, because direct primaries in Ore
gon have produced Senator Bourne,
who is Aldrich's most obsequious ad
herent, and is not ashamed to admit it.
Some now assert that a tunnel can
be constructed at or near Broadway
at no more cost, or little more, than
the cost of a -bridge. Demonstration
of such a fact would interest many,
whose usual motto Is. "Show me."
Does the Port of Portland Commis
sion propose to hold up the Broadway
bridge until a thousand cars are de
layed every . day instead of half that
number, as at present?
Congress in session eight days
and not a thing done worth a first
page story. Isn't there one ambitious
man to start something?
Among other questions that interest
the public is the probable price of
Christmas turkeys .next week.
Nobody appreciates a Christmas gift
that is purchased amid the ill-temper
of the ast day.
Day policemen are said to have been
shifted to new beats. This may make
them visible.
George AVashlngton died December
14, 1799 one hundred and ten years
yesterday.
Can any disgruntled citizen point to
finer weather for early Christmas shopping?
OREGON COUNTRY'S HONOR. ROLL.
Georite If. Hlmes liimn Several "First"
White Children, Born There.
PORTLAND, Dec. 14. (To the Editor.)
The statement Vn page 2, section 6, of
last Sunday's Oregonian. to the effect that
Mrs. Isabelle Cook, daughter of Mrs.
Mary Cllne, born on Sauvies Island In
1846. "was the first white girl born in the
state." needs correction. In order to set at
rest all question about this matter, a list
of names Is here given of a few of the
first white children born in the original
"Oregon Country," taken from the ree-.
ords which I have personally collected,
beginning with the first:
First Alice Clarissa Whitman, daughter
of Dr. Marcus and Mrs. Narcissa Pren
tiss -W hitman, was born at the Whitman
mission. Wal-ll-at-pu, six miles west of
Walla Walla, March 14, 1837. Drowned
June 23, 1S39. Dr. and Mrs. Whitman
came across the plains on horseback In
1836.
Second Jason Lee White, son of Dr.
Elijah and Sirs. White, was born in the
Willamette Valley in July, 1837. Drowned
in August, 1S38. in the Columbia River.
Third Joseph Beers, son of Mr. and
Mrs. Alanson Beers, was born in the
Willamette Valley, Jn what is now Marion
County, September 15, 1837. Deceased. His
parents arrived in Oregon In May, 1837.
Fourth Mrs. Eliza Spalding Warren
daughter of Rev. Henry H. and Mrs.
Spalding, who came across the plains in
1836 with Dr. Whitman and wife, was
born at Lapwal, November 15, 1S37. She
Is now living near Lake Chelan, Eastern
Washington.
Fifth A son was born to Rev. Jason
and Mrs. Anna Maria Pittman Lee at
the Methodist mission, a few miles north
of Ealem. June 6. 1S38. He died in in
fancy. Sixth A son was born to Rev. H. K. W.
Perkins and wife in the Fall of 183S.
Seventh A . daughter was born to Mr.
and Mrs. Cyrus L. Shepard In the Fall of
1S3S. Died in infancy.
Eighth Cyrus Hamlin Walker, the old
est child of Rev. Elkanah- and Mrs. Mary
Richardson Walker, who came across the
plains to Oregon In 1S3S, was born De
cember 7, 1838. He now lives in Albany.
Ninth John Henry Dix Gray was born
at Wihtman mission March 20, 1S39. He
was the eon of William H. and Mrs. Doro
thea Dix Gray, who came across the
plains to Oregon in 1838. Mr. Gray, the
father, came to Oregon first in 1836. with
Dr. Whitman, bearing a commission as
assistant missionary. He returned over
land in 1837, was married, and came back
to Oregon as indicated. Both father and
son have been dead a number of yearf,
the latter dying at Astoria, October 26,
1902.
Tenth Henry H. Spalding, the second
child of Rev. H. H. Spalding and. wife,
already mentioned, was born at Lapwai,
November 24, 1839. He died a number of
years ago.
Eleventh Mrs. Wiley Edwards, daugh
ter of Mr. William and Mrs. Marie Cal
laby Baldra, who were married in Eng
land in 1835, was born on Tualatin Plains,'
now Washington County, August 1, 1810.
She now lives in Newberg.
Twelfth Mrs. Caroline ray Kamm, a
sister of J. H. D. Gray, above mentioned,
was born at Lapwai, October 16, 1840. She
has been a resident of Portland most of
the time since her marriage, 60 years ago.
Thirteenth Mrs. Maria Campbell Smith,
daughter of Hamilton Campbell and wife,
members of the Methodist missionary
family that sailed out of New York in
October, 1S39, and arrived in the Colum
bia River In May. 1840, was born In Salem
October 16 of that year the first child
born in that place. She has been a resi
dent of Portland for more than two score
years.
Fourteenth A daughter was born to
Rev. H. K. W. Perkins and wife at The
Dalles mission, December 18, 1840.
Fifteenth Wilbur Fisk Lee, eon of Rev.
Daniel and Mrs. Maria Ware Lee, the
first American couple to be married north,
of the Columbia River, at Vancouver,
June 16, 1840, was born March 23, 1841.
Sixteenth Mrs. Julia Ellinor Stratton,
daughter of Rev. Alvan F. and Mrs. Wal
ler, of the missionary party which came
on the ship Lausanne in 1840, was born at
Oregon City, May 6, 1841 the first born of
Clackamas County, It is believed.
Seventeenth Edwin Eells, son of Rev.
Cushlng and Mrs. Myra Fairbanks Eells,
of the missionary party that came over
land to reinforce Dr. Wihtman in 1838,
was born at Tshimakain, near Spokane,
July 27, 1841. He now resides at Tacoma.
Eighteenth George Phelps Holman, son
of Joseph and Almira Phelps Holman,
also of the missionary party of 1840, was
born at Salem February 6, 1842. His home
has been In Salt Lake for many years. He
was the first native son to be admitted to
the Oregon bar, September, 1866, and the
first to bo elected to the Legislature, June,
1868.
Nineteenth Francis Richmond, son ' o
Rev. John P. and Mrs. America Rich
mond, of the missionary party of 1840,
who established the Methodist mission at
the Hudson's Bay -Company's Fort Nis
qually in July, 184v, was born February 28,
1S42.
Twentieth Mrs. Lucy Anna Lee Grubb,
daughter of Rev. Jason and Mrs. Lucy
Thompson Lee, was born at Salem, Feb
ruary 26, 1842.
Twenty-first Marcus Whitman Walker,
son of Rev. Elkanah and Mrs. Walker,
already alluded to, was born at' the Tshi
makain mission, near Spokane, March 16,
1842.
Twenty-second A second daughter was
born to Rev. H. K. W. and Mrs. Perkins,
December 2, 1842, at The Dalles mission.
Of the above-named persons, Mrs. Eliza
Spalding Warren, Cyrus H. Walker, Mrs.
Wiley Edwards, Mrs. Caroline Gray
Kamm, Mrs. Maria Campbell Smith, Kd
win Eells and George Phelps Holman are
yet alive.
The foregoing will suffice for the pres
ent, although if the list were to be ex
tended to 1S46 Inclusive, many additional
names might be added.
GEORGE H. HIMES.
American Birds, All In a Bow.
Washington (D. C.) Despatch.
The Department of Agriculture is tak
ing a census of the birds of the United
States, and even before its completion
Is able to estimate that there are about
5,444,000,000. The census is also for the
purpose of finding out what birds help
and what birds harm the crops, with a
view to diminishing the injurious ones
and increasing insect-eating varieties.
Young Morgan to Live In New Yorls.
Brooklyn, N. Y., Dispatch.
J. Pierpont Morgan, Jr.. who has long
made his home In London as the Eu
ropean head of his father's financial
Interests, is to take up his residence in
New York, and it Is expected that from
now on he will be active in the -administration
of affairs In the headquarters
qf J. P. Morgan & Co.
Woman In Her Will Provides for Does.
New York Press.
Emma Falck. a wealthy resident of
Woodlawn. N. Y., who died recently, pro
vided that the dogs' in her household
should be well cared for after her death.
In her will, just filed with the surrogate,
she instructed her executors to pay $100
to each person who will support any one
of the dogs during its life.
Where Rockefeller Has Failed.
New York E-enlng Post.
The Chicago Tribune says of two
friends that they were as Inseparable
as David and Goliath. And yet Mr.
Rockefeller's university has done so
much for higher education In that
town!
No Happy Medinm.
Rochester Democrat and Chronicle.
"There are too many highway rob
beries In this town." announces a Chi
cago newspaper. It is difficult to strike
a happy medium In such matters, with
out discouraging the industry entirely.
MOST PEOPLE READ NEWSPAPERS. J
Ohio Journal Says Maeasines Are Su
perior Only In Paper Used. ,
Lrayion tunio) rvews.
There really isn't any competition be
tween the magazines and the newspapers,
but the former are everlastingly harping
upon the subject of their "superiority"
over the press. It is a part of the game,
of course, for magazines and Deriodlcals
are made to sell, and it is all right for j
their makers to dispose of them as other '
merchandise is disposed of. i
But the truth is, notwithstanding the i
time taken in their preparation and their
excessively high price, the magazines are
not-superior to the newspaper, neither in
literature nor learning, nor in the amount
of wisdom they dispense. Printing a
thing on glossy paper, surrounded by an !
attractive border, - and selling it for 15
cents doesn't necessarily mean that the
thing is well or wise.
To Illustrate: This paragraph recently
appeared in .one of the "high-grade"
woman's publications:
"Two rooms In One One large room
Is preferable to two small ones, and a
very good arrangement for making two
rooms Into one Is to have the wall re
moved between the two."
If the youngest reporter on a daily
paper should have turned In such copy
as that, he would have been discharged
on the spot. If any editor of any daily
paper had offered such "opinion" In the
columns of his paper he would have been
laughed out of office. Yet here Is a hlgh
browed periodical, confessing to a su
periority in the world of publicity, in all
seriousness dishing up such a mental
menu.
Then, the magazines have a good deal
to say about circulation. Some of them
have succeeded in selling monthly, or
weekly, a considerable number of copies.
Yet the fact remains that the propor
tion of people who read daily papers and
magazine is about 100 to 1 in favor of
the newspaper. Practically everybody
reads a daily newspaper of some kind.
If the magazine makers want to know
the vast number of people who read no
magazine, let them go among the peo
ple and not confine their Investigations
to a few streets in a city. Or, if they
can understand figures, let them con
sider that not more than 5.000,000 people
in this country ever see a magazine,
whereas there are 90,000,000 people in the
United States.
We would not discount the value of the
magazine, nor minimize its importance,
or its influence. It serves a purpose and
affords some comfort in this old world.
It has a place, and a large one a larger
one than it has ever filled. In fact but
until It learns something of the province
of a newspaper, and ceases to print such
silly stuff as the paragraph quoted, let
it not mention the word "superiority"
when making comparisons between the
magazine and the newspaper.
SHAW JEERS T AMERICA.
Irish-English Playwright Fears His
Good Looks Might Upset Our Women.
London (England) Correspondence Kan
- sas- City Star.
George Bernard Shaw, the playwright,
has been Invited by Charles Frohman
to spend Christmas week in New York,
together with James Barrie, Granville
Barker, J. G. Alnsworthy, Somerset
Maughman and Haddon Chambers. Mr.
Shaw refused.
"Why should anyone who is in Lon
don go to America?" he asked. "You
can understand anyone in America com
ing to London.' As it is I am In the right
place. Americans are in the wrong
place. At least they seem to think . so.
Why should I move? The Americans
may be mistaken. I notice they never
know anything about their own country.
They are always astounded If you tell
them what is going on there.
"For Instance, they are ignorant of the
fact that liberty does not exist, there.
I could be arrested the moment I landed
on the charge of inciting the women of
America to immorality by my good looks.
I could be imprisoned for suggesting re
form of the marriage laws, or for ques
tioning the story about Ellsha and the
bears.
"I do not want to see the Statue of
Liberty in New York Harbor. Even my
appetite for irony does not go as far as
that. There is another good reason why
I should not go to America If I do,
everything else will stop. The people
will cease to be interested In politics,
commerce, art or anything else. Nica
ragua may shoot all the Americans it
likes. Then the shots will not be heard
in the din of the silly talk about Bernard
Shaw.
"I should be a public nuisance, an in
terruption, a ramrod stuck into the Na
tional machinery. For America's sake I'll
spare her by staying at home."
"" t
Lincoln's Waterways Speech Good Now.
Chicago News.
Abraham Lincoln was a believer in
waterway development. One of his ad
dresses made In 1848 contained the fol
lowing:, "The driving of a pirate from the track
of commerce in the broad ocean, and the
removing of a snag from Its more nar
row path in the Mississippi River cannot,
I think, be distinguished In principle.
Each is done to save life and property,
and to use the waterways for promoting
commerce. The most genoral
object I can think of would be the im
provement oC the Mississippi River and
its tributaries."
This advice, of Lincoln's Is as sound
today as It was 60 years ago.
Rejane Gives "Newspaper" Rehearsal.
Paris Dispatch.
No more newspaper "roasts" for Mme.'
Rejane. She has "fixed" the critics. She
introduced a striking innovation at the
"grand rehearsal" recently of "La
Risque," in the Theater Rejane. which
may solve the problem of the cruel critic
and the aggrieved performer for all time
to come. Rejane invited all the critics
who ordinarily attend her premieres to
come to the rehearsal. The author was
there, too, and 25 or 30 regular "first
nighters." Everybody was Invited to ex
press his opinion of the piece and the ren
dition freely, and as a result of some of
the verbal criticisms the actress elected to
make minor changes in the play.
Eminent Portrait Fainter Arrives.
Baltimore News.
Jorzl Koppay, of Vienna, who has paint
ed portraits of John D. Rockefeller. Mrs.
B. II. Harrlman and her children and
other notables, has arrived in New York
on the North German Lloyd steamer Ber.
Hn. He comes, he says, to open a studio
at 12 West Forty-fourth street and paint
portraits of seven well-known Americans.
The painter brings with him one of lils
most celebrated portraits, that of prince
Bismarck.
Woroaj, 03 Years Old, Shuns All Cars.
Springfield (Mass.) Dispatch.
Miss Eliza Corliss, of Meredith, X. H.,
now dn her 93d year, is as spry as any
woman 30 years her junior. Although she
has lived all her life within 500 feet of
where dozens of trains paes daily, she has
jiever ridden on the steam cars. Nor has
Miss Corliss ever seen the trolley cars,
notwithstanding she hears each hour of
the day their bells and whistles as they
whirl from Laconia to the Wins, less than
four miles from her cottage.
Jeff Davis, Jr, Mining Engineer.
Confederate Veteran.
Young Jeff Davis is taking a course In
mining engineering at Columbus College.
New York, and he is giving practical
study to it in every branch, devoting
much time to Its chemistry, laws and
advancements. He graduates next
Spring, and bids fair to thoroughly un
derstand his chosen work in all its bear-ings-
CIRB SPECULATORS' GREED.
Abutting: Property Owners Should Pay
In Laying; Water Mains.
PORTLAND, Dec. 14. (To the Edi
tor.' I wish to support the position
taken by The Oregonian in reference
to the laying of water mains in this
city. -
It seems to me that the action taken
by the Mayor and Council in calling a
special election is not warranted or
justified. As stated by The Oregonian
in Its editorials, ail property owners
should pay at least a portion of the
cost of water mains, If not on a basis
of the cost of an eight-Inch main, at
least that of a six-inch main.
Last June the residents of this city
voted to assess the cost of water mains
less than ten inches in diameter to
abutting property, and while there may
be some question as to whether the
basis of payment should be on eight or
six-inch mains, there is no question
that abutting property owners shoujrt
pay by assessment a portion of the cost
of laying mains.
It is asserted that contractors will
not bid on the laying of water mains
under the present law, because they
say assessments will not be paid. If
this be true, why has not the
Mayor taken this matter Into the
courts, and tested It, to find out
If the action taken by the voters last
June is lawful or not? No effort, how
ever, has ever been made by the city
officers to determine this matter. They
also state that Inasmuch as all water
mains heretofore have been paid out
of the general water fund, it would
be an injustice to present property
owners to compel them to pay now and
in the future. There is nothing to this
argument, for If the principle is wrong,
it should be so changed and made that
the cost will be assessed where it prop
erly belongs.
The manner of assessment in vogue
In Seattle. Wash., as outlined by The
Oregonion, would on the face of It seem
t'o be fair.
The cost of water to consumers In
this city should be kept at the lowest
possible minimum, providing, of course,
for retiring of bonds, interest, main
tenance, etc. Consumers should not be
compelled to pay rates that will pro
vide sufficient Income to pay for the
putting in of mains In front of private
property, the owners of which do not
pay for any of it. except what they
pay in the increased rate for water, to
provide such fund.
Six years ago I put in two hydrants for
fire purposes, furnishing all the neces
sary material, without a cent of cost to
the city. These hydrants were sealed
and not a drop of whater has passed
through them, yet I have paid for years
$6 a month for the privilege of having
the water stand In these pipes, ready for
use in case of fire to protect the prop
erty of the yublic, as well as my own,
This income has been used to pay for
putting in water mains for property
owners.
At the election called for February IB,
It is safe to sny that not over 10 per
cent of the voters of this city will go
to the polls to vote. There will be several-
reasons for not doing so. It is called
in the Winter, when the days are short
and stormy. Many residents are absent
from the city on their Winter vacations;
and again, what is the use of going to
the polls to vote when we have no as
surance that the same action will not
be taken against the vote of the people
on February 15 as has been taken
against their wishes, as expressed at the
polls June 1909? S. B. C.
Mr. Bryan as a Drone Not a Bee.
Arizona Dally Silver Belt.
Speaking at a banquet given in his
honor at Globe, Ariz., Mr. Bryan said:
"I tell people I never expect to be or
never hope to be a candidate for Presi
dent again.
"One reason for not wanting to Is
that Mr. Roosevelt took some of my
policies and Mr. Taft Is taking others.
If I ran again they would raise the
'third-term' cry on me, saying I had
served two terms already.
"And why should a man have all the
worry and all the annoyance of belnc
President when he can get men to do
the work for him, left free as I am
to go around and meet friends on oc
casions of this kind and really enjoy
A New Thackeray Story.
Westminster Gazette.
The Hon Sir E. Chandos Leigh, K. C,
K. C. B.. the former counsel to the
Speaker of the House of Commons, in a
speech full of interesting literary
reminiscences, at the opening of a free
library at Irchester, near Rushden, the
other day. told a Thackeray story. "I
knew Thackeray pretty well." he said.
"Thackeray perfectly abominated any
thing In the nature of flattery. I was
with Thackeray one night when a man
came up, and for five minutes admin
istered to tile great novelist the most
fulsome flattery. When the man had
gone r said to Thackeray, 'Who is that?'
Thackeray replied, 'He calls himself an
artist, but I think he paints as much
in "butter" as he does in oils.""
A Wrong; That Needs Resistance.
Honey Grove (Tex.) Signal.
If the little preacher who held the po
sition of chaplain in the penitentiary had
kept "mum," the horrors of the Texas
penitentiary might never have come to
light, and the inhuman treatment of de
fonselesw convicts have gone on and on.
But In the Interest of humanity he quit
his Job and told what he knew. For this
he was abused by many, but a young
newspaper correspondent heard his story
and began to investigate for himself.
What he learned he wrote, and he. too,
was denounced for a time. But after a
time the Legislature demanded an Inves
tigation, and the day is not distant when
the shame of Texas will be blotted out.
If you know a wrong that needs resist
ance, speak out.
Iflodern Statesman.
Dallas News.
The record of our modern statesmen
Is brief. They first double their own
salaries, then Increase the cost of liv
ing, and double them again.
CURRENT SMALL CHANGE.
"I was very favorably impressed by that
young man." "In what way?" "He seemed
to give me credit for knowing something."
Detroit Free Press.
"I see there ts a correspondence school
of poetry." "I suppose. It charges by the
number of feet." "Or else by the reading
of the metre." Cleveland Plain Dealer.
Highland Ferryman (during momentary
lull in the storm) I'm thenkin, sir. I'll
just tak yer fare; there's no sayin' what
mlcht happen tae us. Punch.
Madge As your friend is divorced I
don't suppose she has much in her stocking
this Christmas. Marjorie More than ever,
dear. There's where she carries her alimony.
Puck.
Indignant customer I want to return this
Jewel box .It's not Ivory, as represented.
Dealer tmusingly) Now. I wonder If it can
be possible that elephant had. false teeth?
Cleveland Leader.
"Tha artists' models in Pari byave struck
for higher wages." "I don't blame "em."
answered Mrs. McOudley. "The pictures
prove that the poor things aren't paid
enough to buy clothes." Washington Star.
"How do you suppose she manages to
keep up appearances on her husband's in
come?" "What is her husband's income?"
"I don't know, but. of course, It can't be
as big as it would have to be if they could
afford to live as they do." Chicago Record
Herald. Harmless Hop.
Not by William Watson.
He is not old. he is not young.
The Chinese laundryman. Hop l.ung.
The yellowed cheek, the slanting eye.
The humble nose, the cheekbone high.
The cheerful face, the willing hand.
That serves the proudest in the land
His back yard you may scan with care;
Ko dirty linen, airing theraJ