8 PORTLAND. OBET.OS. Entered at Portland. Oregon. Fo.tofflee a. K.oond-Cla.. Matter Subscription Katee Ii.TBri.iblj In Advance Daily. Sunday Included, on. "r- ' . i tk.i ' u i i..i..,iwl ilx months ... -D I p.liy. aunaay mciuuru ...... Dai.y. fc'undav Included, ono nvntn.... al.y. without Sunday. one year Dally, without Sunday. -x monln.. . . flatly without Sunday thru- month.. . Diily. without Sunday, one month..... Weekly, ona year Sunday, ona year Sunday and weeklv ono year (By Carrier.) Pallt. Sunday Included, one year..... " c i... i..!ii1ri . one montn... 75 6 'i0 1.75 .) 1 SO 2. SO 3. 50 9.00 tjai.y. u"uj ' " ' " How to Kemlt-Send Pf,off' h order, express order or "-nal ? your local bank stamps coin or "r" ire at th. .ender". risk. Give PtolT;. J dres. In full, including county and atate l-oMaa-e Katr 10 to 14 pages. 1 cent 18 to 2S II cent.: 3 to 3 rent. 4 to i" panes. 4 cents. Fnmjn postage double rate Eastern Bu-lneo. OHice Th . B . "e-" with Spec,. Agenr-New c rk, toon 4 PI Tribune building. Chicago, rooms oil ai Tr.bur.e building. PORTLASD. SATVROAV, OCT. 30. 1909. THE HOTEL AKtil-MKNT BIT IT ISN'T ALL. This statement Is from the Albany Democrat. Th Oregonian gives the hotels of Eugene. Albany and Corval 11s the benefit of the advertisement It contains: A writer In TT.a Oregonian aaya a nxHel cannot ruo without a bar. Th.n we bad better have none. Hut th. atatement Is I.l.-nood. aa bare-faced a one u wa. et.er uttered. Hotel, cat and do run In P'ndl .nape with Jut saloon attainments. There are Mime coM ones In Kc.stne. Albany. cor ral!., and other dry places, prospering and giving s:.endld servh-e. It is undoubtedly true that hotels suitable for villages that attempt pro n!blti..n can be conducted without open sale or use of lienors. Hut no hotel of the first class, in a city or an im portant town, can be. Hotels of the class suitable for villages, however good they may be for their situation, and for the trade to which they cater, are not such hotels as cities require. In all first-rate hotel u.-e of wines and liquors is a necessary adjunct of the trade they seek: and hotelkeepers, even in the small towns, almost uni versally desire the right , to sell and serve liquors, knowing that thereby they can attract better trade, make better profits, render service of higher class, keep better beds, tables and fur niture, and obtain higher rates. The hotelkeeper who knows his business knows how to do all this without per mitting use of liquors beyond the bounds of propriety. He keeps a quiet and decent place and meets a legiti mate demand. Hence, even in the mailer towns, the hotel men object to enforcement of "prohibition, on them, by the efforts of ministerial assemblies and the rural voters. ' In making these statements The Ore gonian is presenting facts known of all men, not controvertible opinions. Hotel-keeping is a legitimate business, and prohibition is injurious to it. It reduces the quality of service and di minishes the profits. Bnt, of course, the sentimental prohibitionist sneers at the idea of profit and prosperity, in such a matter though usually eager enough to drive a hard bargain for his own advantage with his neighbor. The hotel business of the state will be practically a unanimous force against prohibition next year; for it regards the effort as a most serious menace to a legitimate and necessary business. Of course, the hotel men know that liquors will still be sold and consumed; but they don't want to wink at or know about any of the sneaking methods, or informer's proceedings, that the system always begets. Close regulation of the liquor trade Is what they desire. In decent hotels no vio lation of these regulations is permitted. The family hotel, where there is no abuse whatever, would fall under the prohibition ban; on all public occasions there would be the cheer of Ice water, and the sneaky Informer would put Ms nose into every private banquet. The Oregonian stands for strict regu lation of the liquor trade, and for strict enforcement of the regulations. It op poses prohibition, because It does not consider prohibition reasonable or just; because it authorizes and provides un , necessary restrictions upon personal conduct and private right; because it forces a secret trade that Is more In jurious than the open trade, under regulation: because it strikes a blow at many useful and important Industries; because its enactment by any state is a aign of a narrow provincialism, and Oregon ought tq be kept out of this class of states. To enter it would be hurtful In many ways to her reputation for sanity, and In many ways hurtful to her business and Industry. A prohi bition state U a small, wrangling com munity. Washington and California will rot be prohibition states. Should we adopt prohibition it would be one of many other proofs that we were fall ing behind In the race of progress; that the "dry rot" had not only struck us. but had sunk deep. No pun In tended In the phrase about "dry rot." On this subject, now a year in ad vance of the time when the vote on state prohibition is to be taken. .The Oregonian uses the opportunity to declare its position. It knows it must declare Us position frankly on the question; and it cannot shirk the duty. It knows, moreover, that its readers who consider this subject from a reasonable point of view will agree with It: that others, who simply con sider the subject from the standpoint of their opposition to a trade that In irresponsible hands becomes an instru ment of abuse and must be subjected to correction of law, statutory and moral, will not agree with it. the ap ' peal is to the larger and wider Judg ment. The appeal is to those who un derstand the expression, of the moral poet of two thousand years ago, who exclaimed. "What can laws avail, when the customs of the people, their social conditions and wants, the var ious requirements of their business and industry, do not call for the legal enactments?" In such cases laws are not only vain empty, that la to say but in many ways may be positively hurtful. Morality la not based on law, but law on morality. They who de sire to "prohibit" In their own locali ties have the opportunity now in local option. The opportunity has been abused, as The Oregonian foretold it would be, by enabling the rural districts to force prohibition on the county towns that didn't want it. This forcing process Is now to be atternpted on all Oregon on all protesting towns and cities and communities in the State of Ore gon. It Is the opinion of The Ore gonian that it will not succeed;, but should It succeed, the consequence will be injurious to the state In many ways in a multitude of ways mater ially, industrially and morally by giv ing the state an undesirable reputa tion, in company with the narrowness of Maine and Kansas; by keeping peo ple out of our borders who have breadth of view and want reasonable freedom of action; by generating a secret traffic and setting the meanest among us to spy upon their neigh bors: by weakening personal and moral responsibility among - those whom the state would undertake to coddle and to protect (or kill) with kindness. Character, neither for in dividuals nor for states. Is made In this way. Personal responsibility Is basis of all. This, therefore. Is by no means wholly a question as to hotels or tav erns important as this business is in every modern state. There are other features of the argument which, per haps, may be developed later partic ularly as to the offensive Intrusion of clericals and priests, who use their ar gument as an instrument for holding the ascendancy of dogmatic pretension over the general mind. SCARCITY AND HIl.H PRI:. In the current number of The World's Work James J. Hill writes on the rising prices of food In our coun try, which indicates shortage; yot we have Immense areas of uncultivated land, relatively a sparse population, and multitudes lounging about the cit ies, complaining they can find nothing to do. Mr. Hill talks- Interestingly about the productive capacity of the country, but he throws no light on the problem of scarcity and its cause. Our country is still in process of pri mary development. Men can earn wages from two to three dollars a day In mines. In the forests, on the rail roads. But there is not call enough for this sort, of labor to take up the whole supply; and many, indeed Vnost, of these workersare unfitted for farm labor. They have neither the knowl edge nor the disposition necessary for It. They are unwilling to work on the farms at wages less than paid In the lumber and railroad camps. Besides, they don't like the Isolated life of the farms and don't want to work a full day. Will anybody inform anybody else whose fault such a situation Is? The men who want work refuse farm wages, and don't want to work on the farms at all. Tet if they would, they could find employment in the agricul tural communities, where Is steady want of 'trustworthy and efficient men; an J they would have for their reward. In the "long run, more than they get by the higher occasional wage, which they spend as fast as they get It, and then sit round on the benches or He on the grass in the public parks, com plaining that they are hungry and can get nothing to do. a From this situation the only relief is through necessity of labor. In con formity with the conditions of our ag ricultural communities; which. In fact, are good enough for anybody. This would put an end to the complaint about scarcity and high prices of food, on the one hand, and about the sad condition of labor on the, other. All this U a terrible misfit, which can be corrected only through experience and necessity. Our farmers are among our most enterprising people:, but they find year after year, while they are In need of help, men and women are herding in the towns and complaining of their hard lot. We are to expect In these circumstances high prices of bread and meat. Tet these United States could produce many times the quanti ties of bread and meat that they pro duce now. WHEN A MAN DESERTS HIS WIFE. All one can say of1 Mr. John F. Logan's view of the marriage contract Is that. If it isn't law, it ought to be. Premising that marriage Is a contract, he argues that It can be enforced like any other. When the husband takes the vow of matrimony he promises. Implicitly, at least, to support his espoused partner. "With all my worldly goods I thee endow," is his somewhat pompous undertaking. Theological phrases are proverbially a little empty, but certainly this one can be interpreted to convey a promise of decent support without unduly stretching Its meaning. Granting this Mr. Logan concludes that a fugitive husband's property, if he leaves any behind when he abandons his wife, can be attached and sold to maintain her. We apprehend that the wife may thus appropriate the goods of her errant helpmate, not as damages assessed, but, so to speak. In specific enforce ment of a very weighty portion of the marriage contract. It really seems aa If this view of the matter were more sensible than the one they have taken In New York. There they make wife desertion a fel ony, but it Is a little hazy how one spouse can be benefited by shutting the other up in prison, even when the Indispensable preliminary of catching him has been accomplished. Would It not show more gumption to make him work and give his wife his wages? We almost feel disposed to recommend i this as an amendment to Mr. Logan's idea. 'If the husband leaves any prop erty behind, well and good." Confis cate It for, his deserted wife. If he doesn't leave any, catch him and at tach him Inseparably to a Job, turning the proceeds over to his" wife. Shut ting him up in Jail appears to be about the most stupid procedure that could be devised. ROCKEFELLER AND HOOK WORMS. Whatever one may think of Mr. John D. Rockefeller's sins, his shrewd ness Is unimpeachable. All he does he does wisely and well. In each of his benefactions there Is a display of intelligence which fairly startles one. He has broken away completely from the routine of donations to theological chools. struggling colleges and old fashloired hospitals. When he gives to education he goes to the roots of things and provides for a general boost. In medicine he was the first great benefactor who explicitly en dowed research. The truth 'of the mat ter is that Mr. Rockfeller is an ideal istic radical, strange as the words may sound. He fully expects to make hu man conditions better, and In order to do It he lays the ax to the root. Never has he been contented to pick a few insects off the leaves and trust to Providence to save the orchard. To convince ourselves; that all this Is true, . we need only look at the facts. Judging Mr. Rockfeller by his deeds, he may be a great criminal but there Is no doubt whatever of his be ing a great practical sociologist. His new gift f a million dollars to ex tirpate the hook worm disease In the South, exemplifies what we mean. Fully 2,000,000 people suffer from this disorder. It destroyes their economic TIIE MOBXIXG OREGONIAN. SATURDAY, efficiency, blights their Intelligence and degrades them below tne status of beasts. The type of "poor white trash" is well known. It is produced by the hook worm. Now that knowl etlga of this evil has become clear, Mr. Rockfeller Is .on hand with a noble gift to help cure It. The end will not be gained quickly. XA long edu cational pnocess must intervene be tween rsplrktion . and fulfillment, but with money enough to pay workers I r . " ., ha d.inp Pnndprlne UDOn Mr. "Rockefeller's expiatory benefactions to his kind, one Is constrained to ass it he has not earned .forgiveness what ever his sins may have been? WHY TERMINAL RATES ARE LOW. Collier's Weekly and a number of other muckraking publications in the Kast have printed so much misinfor mation and misrepresentation regard ing the Pacific Coast freight terminal rate situation that it Is refreshing to rote in one, Eastern magazine an In telligent discussion of the question. In the current number of the Saturday Kvening Post Clarence H. Matson, writing under the caption "Why Is a Freight Rate?" discloses a fairly clear idea of the reasons why a rate to a water terminal Is., and properly should be, lower than a rate to an interior point some miles nearer the originat ing point of the freight. "The buga boo of the railroads," says Mr. Mat son, "especially the transcontinental lines. Is water competition. The high ways of the seas are open to all, and there are no roadbeds to maintain, nor Interest to be paid on big investments In tracks and expensive equipment. Consequently the cost of transporta tion by water is only a fraction of that by land." Mr. Matson disposes of the favorite "interior point" argument that the railroads make good profits out of the low terminal rates, otherwise they would not quote them, with the state ment that "if the railroads did not carry this competitive traffic, the rates to interior points would have to be much-- higher.," for the reason that "there are certain fixed expenses that must be met by a railroad, whether traffic is heavy or light. The roadbed and equipment must be maintained. Interest on bonds must be met, taxes must be paid, and the salaries of offi cers remain the same." If the peti tion of the Interior points for terminal rates were granted It Is pointed out that the terminal business would prac tically all go by water. "The Pacific Coast would get Its freight at the same rate, but the railroads would lose that much gross revenue. Their fixed ex penses and the cost of maintenance and salaries would continue Just the same." To make up this loss in the gross revenue it would, of course, be neces sary to Increase the rates to Interior points. Here again would appear au tomatically readjustment of the rates, for with the increase to interior points the coast jobber, with his low water rate, could again enter the markets which are his by right of location. The only serious misstatement appear ing in Mr.' Matson's article Is that an cient roorback that "on the Pacific Coast practically the only deep-water wharves 'not under control direct or otherwise of the transcontinental railroads are those owned by the pub lic at San Francisco." As this is the old yarn first put In circulation by that eminent muckraker, Charles Edward Russell, and so often reproduced by other yellow writers, It has probably been accepted In the East as having some Femblance of truth. As a matter of fact, the railroads do not own or control more than one third of the wharves In Portland or on Puget Sound. Mr. Matson concludes his very Interesting discussion of freight rates with the undeniably true statement that "It Is certain that the average man In the Inland states who does not come Into contact with water transportation, little realizes its bene fits." If this were not so, we should find all interior cities denouncing the ship subsidy steal and demanding that this country be given the right to buy cheap ships and operate them on the water routes. This would still further reduce the already low water rates. CNQCALITTED MISREPRESENTATION. Attacks by rival ports on Portland's commercial prestige have been of fre quent occurrence in the past and will probably continue in the future. It Is something unusual, however, to note in a Portland paper that "In point of her dockage system Portland Is a vil lage"; that "the inadequacy of facili ties Is notorious and admitted," and that "because of It, quick dispatch is literally out of the question." We are also informed by this disgruntled 111 bird that attempts to make lta nest un inhabitable that "the known fact that bonuses have often to be paid for has tened dispatch is another arraign ment." It is a fact -well known In every prominent port In the world that the average dispatch given ships In Portland is better than in any other Pacific Coast port. The record for fast wheatloading made by non-union stevedoring crews in this port nearly a dozen years ago, has never teen beaten, and union labor on the water front now shows fully as good results as are shown on Puget Sound and far better than are attained in San Fran cisco. The record of the vessels which have arrived and departed with grain since the season opened, July 1, is all that is necessary to show the extent of the misrepresentation of the Portland "knocker." Exclusive of the vessels which had arrived at Puget Sound and Portland prior to July 1, the average length of time in port of the sailing vessels from Puget Sound was sixty one days. The average in Portland was forty-seven days. The steamer average on Puget Sound was eighteen and one-quarter days, and at Portland eighteen days. The quickest dispatch given a sailing vessel in that period was twenty-five days, at Portland, and forty-seven days, on Puget Sound. The poorest dispatch was sixty-two days, in, Portland, and ninety-three days, on Puget Sound. It is a peculiar line of commercial reasoning that arrives at the conclu sion that the payment of a "bonus" for quick dispatch Is an "arraignment" of the port's poor facilities. "Dispatch money" is paid, and paid willingly, in every port on the civilized globe. It Is an Impossibility for a shipowner, when chartering a vessel many thousands of miles from a port, to determine the exact date of her arrival. The char terer naturally does not mass the cargo until near the date when the ship's charter calls for her arrival. If the ship makes a fast passage and arrives some days or weeks ahead of he date called for in the charter, the owner most willingly pays dispatch, money to have the vessel loaded ahead of the time called for in the charter. The rule always works both ways, for the charterer must pay demurrage if the cargo is not ready when the ship's lay days expire. No disbursement paid by a ship is paid more willingly than dis patch money, for it is only paid when there Is a profit for the shipowner In the transaction. Facts, of course, are unnecessary in a campaign of misrepresentation, but It might help the cause of some of these Portland "knockers" if they were more familiar w'ith the reasons for Portland's maritime prestige. It is gratifying to note that Seattle placed a misconstruction on the re marks of Assistant Secretary of the Navy Wlnthrop regarding the charter- j ing of tonnage for bringing Govern ment coal to the Pacinc coast, in a letter received by the. Portland Cham ber of Commerce Mr. Wlnthrop quite plainly says that "ho statement was made by me to the effect that this pol icy would be adopted by the Navy De partment." The plan which Seattle desired the Government to adopt was one which called for the return of these colliers from Pacific Coast ports to the Atlantic In ballast, a proceeding which would have deprived the grain and lumber shippers of the Pacific Coast of a large amount of cheap ton nage. Incidentally It would have prac tically doubled the cost of bringing coal out for the Government. Centralla and Chehalis, two of the best towns in Western Washington, are to be Joined by an electric line. The two cities are nearly the same size, and with a continuation of the growth of the past five years it is only a question of time until It will be somewhat difficult to determine where Chehalis ends and Centralla begins. The rates of the North Bank road are effective as far north as Centralia, and the natural outlet for the traffic in the Centralla-Chehalis district is thus by way of the Columbia River. Some day, when Portland secures as good a service to Grays Harbor and Willapa Harbor as our position entitles us to, Portland's business with all of that rich country will show a big increase. Opinion is worthless and speculation vain In a case like that reported as having happened In this city, wherein everything movable about the house was moved by an unseen force in the presence of awe-stricken spectators in broad daylight. The Incidents of the case were surprising and the details very interesting. Beyond this, little can be said, since knowledge, based upon the observations of cause and effect, has no explanation to offer. Students of occultism may well busy themselves in such matters, but it does not pay the ordinary individual to give time and thought to it, and if wise he will simply let it pass, pausing a moment to pity the child actor in the perplexing drama. General Estrada has made such good progress with his revolution that it is reported that Don Rodolfo Espln osa, the Nicaraguan Minister at Wash ington, has resigned his position with Zelaya for the purpose of accepting a simliar berth with Estrada. In view of past performances in . Nicaragua, Don Rodolfo will probably regard this country as a very good place of resi dence until the final returns are In on the lively contest now taking place In his native land. A live diplomat in America has decided advantages over a dead patriot In Nicaragua. Much is being made by local jour nals of the achievements of Mrs. Har riet Young, of West Bethlehem Town ship, Washington County, Pennsyl vania, aged 96 years. Mrs. Young, so runs the record, married early, was the mother of sixteen children and is hale and hearty, though lacking but four years of having completed a century of life. She once gave birth to triplets and three times to twins. The record of this truly remarkable fecundity Is somewhat marred for practical pur poses by the statement that "five of the sixteen children survive." The National Woman's Christian Temperance Union, In session at Omaha, seriously considered a resolu tion denouncing the singing of patri otic songs In the public schools as det rimental to International peace. That convention must have been made up of very, very old, old ladies who have for gotten the days of their youth and the thrill with which they sang in unison "Three Cheers for the Red, White and Blue," and other spirited songs. As often as Commander Eva Booth of the Salvation Army visits this city, she meets with a cordial welcome. Devout, earnest, practical, she has pursued the work of the Salvation Army in every' center of population in this country and In Englnad, meeting everywhere the most affectionate greeting from the Army and com manding the admiration and attention of the general public. If Mrs. Waymlre takes note of the fate of Jew Nun, a cold-blooded mur derer, she will probably regret that she did not kill some one. It is quite ap parent that pardons come easier for. murderers than for such heinous crimes as that for which Mrs. Way mire left the state. Congressman Hawley is reported as "making a hit" In Southern Oregon. In the olden days Congressman Her mann would be satisfied with nothing less than a strike. Two Institutions in Salem are so close together that bank-wreckers in the Penitentiary can perhaps see some of their victims In the Insane Asylum. Dr. Cook now makes affidavit that he climbed Mt. McKlnley. Which set tles It, of course. But , where la his North Pole affidavit? New Orleans has devised the Taft cocktail. You drink It out of a bucket. Up in this country it (the cocktail) Is called buttermilk. Mr. Johnson and Mr. Jeffries will fight some time before July 5, 1910. Some of us will live to see it. Or read about It, The world is to be congratulated that Jeff and the "black" never entered the race for the North Pole. The State Penitentiary may yet be turned Into a clearing-house for some bad bank business. "For of such is the kingdom of heaven." Buy tag today. OCTOBER 30, 1909. PROSPERITY ON SOUND BASIS, English Editor's View of th American Situation. Letter of George Paish to the London Statist, Without going further into detail It will be realized that the savings of this Immense and rich country are enormous and that they are probably greater than 1.000,000,000,000 ($5,000,000,000, 000) a year. That is to say, the savings of the American people are equal lo an average of 12 (J60 a head of popula tion, and, excluding children, to about 20 a head of population. With so great a saving and -with so vast a sum available for increasing the housing ac commodation, the transportation facili ties and the industries of the country, it is evident that the prosperity of the United States is built upon foundations of a very firm and solid character and that those persons in Europe who re gard the prosperity as of the nature of a soap bubble which may at any time disappear are not likely to see their expectations realized- An expansion in trade of nearly 100 per cent In each i decade Is a rate of growth which could not possibly take place but for the enormous supply of capital which the country enjoys in conjunction with a spirit of enterprise and a great desire for efficiency. In the present year the nation is en couraged to save by the tempting op portunities to invest lta new savings to advantage. Investors have sought especially to Invest their new savings in the common stocks of companies of fering the prospect of expansions in profits and in dividends. Naturally at such a time the holders of those stocks were Indisposed to sell, and those who desired to purchase them have been obliged to pay steadily Increasing prices lit order to secure the stocks. It cannot be too clearly understood that the great advance in the prices of stocks have been brought about by the effort of persons with savings to invest to purchase securities which they have believed to be attractive, and that it has not been brought about to any great extent by the purchases of speculators. , Because of the general expectation that the country is in for a period of great prosperity in which the profits of railways and of industrial "corpora tions will be very large and because of the wide demand ,for stocks by real investors who look forward to a period of good dividends, I expressed the opinion In my cable dispatch of Fri day, October 8, that after the existing pressure for money is passed and there Is no longer need for bankers to cur tall their loans, another advance In prices of stocks may take place. It is true that the current prices of certain stocks are not warranted by the existing dividends, that they al ready discount the probable Increase of dividends for some time to come and that discrimination is needed. Never theless, there are still a number of securities upon which the dividends are expected to increase appreciably and which, having regard to the prob able dividends they are likely to re ceive, are believed to be intrinsically worth still higher prices. a Gentle reminder. No. 1 Statesmen and the Holiness of the Will of the People. The Dalles Optimist. As a gentle reminder of what the No. 1 statesmen thought of the holiness of the will of the people. It may be called pertinent to ask what they thought of the will of the people as expressed at the same time as the expression for Bourne for Senator, on the question of two ad ditional Judges on the supreme bench? The people oat down on the proposition by 20.000 majority, yet the Legislature paid no heed to that expression, but passed a law raising the number of Judges from three, as the constitution expresesly provides, to five. And Mr. Chamberlain, ha who looks with holy horror upon any attempt to thwart the will of the people as expressed at the ballot box, signed the bill and promptly appointed the two additional Judges. The Attorney-General now says the bill is surely unconstitutional, and pre sumably all acus of the court, as at pres ent constructed, are illegal. What do the purlsta. the believers in the holiness of the will of the people, think about the matter? Would It have been any worse to Ignore Mr. Bourne and cast their ballots for the man of their choice, Mr. Fulton, than to thwart the will of the voters by creating these new offices? ' , , . And what has Senator Chamberlain to say about his share In the transaction? Six-Year-Olds Too louug for School. Leonard Keeme Herschberg, M. IX, in the Delineator. As a matter of fact. It seems to me to be very unwise to send a .boy or girl to school until the age of 8 at least. In America, 6 is the common age for begin ning with the three Rs, and 4H the age for kindergarten mummery, but it is ien tirely improbable that this early start is an advantage, even if the mere accumula tion of knowledge be accepted as- the sole aim of education. The child which be gins school at 8 is far more capable of learning quickly than the child which be gins at S; and at 10 the former is almost certain to know as much as the latter, despite the fact that one has had -four vears of schooling, while the other has had but half as much. And after that there will begin to appear a noticeable difference between the two. The one will bear some permanent mark of Its too early bending over desk and slate; the other will be a healthy animal. Shaker Colony to Be Abandoned. Lebanon. O.. Dispatch. By the resignation of James Fenneesey. trustee of the property owned by the little colony of Shakers at Union Villago, six miles east of here, the colony will probably be abandoned and the occupants transferred to the Methodist Home at Norwood, Mass. Mr. Fonnessey Is the last of the original band which settled here in 1S10, and 111 health caused his action. There was a movement among the members for some time past to give up the prosperous farms and the build ings, as the majority of the members are old and feeble. As they are not allowed to marry, the only children are those that have been adopted. The holdings of the band are worth nearly 0,000,000. Several large buildings In the village are included. The Man Behind the Plow. Wall Street Journal. Speaking of the number of abandoned farms In New York. Secretary of Agri culture Wilson gives us to understand It is not due to lack of fertility In the soil, but lack of good men to work them. In other words, our agricultural prosperity depends upon the efficiency of the men behind the plows more than it does upon anything else. A LoiiirfcJlow Letter Brings S3.75. Worcester. Mass., Dispatch. In a bold, upright hand, a letter writ ten March 13, 18S2, by Henry W. Long fellow at his home. In Cambridge, Mass., has Just been found between the pages of an old book that formed part of a collection of relics being sold In Brooklyn. It was sold to John Roth, a dealer, for 3-T3. LESS OBJECTION TO VACCINATION. Submit to Latter aa Often as Hoqnlred to Kill Smallpox, Sny Expert. "Let Vm Stop Dying Before We Have To " by Graham E. Henson. M. D., In the tVorld Today. Dr. Henson 1 late acting awlatant curgeon. United Slatea Army. In years gone by there has been more or less opposition to vaccination as a preventive step against smallpox. It Is a happy fact, however, that this opposi tion is now reduced to a minimum. In the United States, Italy arid Ger many vaccination is in general use. In Russia. Egypt and Brazil It Is not. With suoh records it Is not hard to see why opposition to yaccination is so fast dis appearing. As an evidence of its value as a restrictive measure'. Is the fact that recently the Board of Health of the State of Minnesota has considered the quaran tine of this disease unnecessary, it being the opinion of the authorities that an epidemic of smallpox cannot occur In a community where vaccination of all in habitants is practiced. Other states in the Union are considering the matter In the same light, and those who have lived where smallpox hag occurred and are familiar wiMi the enormous expanse at tendant upon the quarantine of those cases, can appreciate the immense value of vaccination as a preventive step, from an economic viewpoint. Submit to vac cination as often as the physician may think it necessary. The idea that a singlo vaccination renders one immune for a fixed number of years is erroneous. One Inoculation may be immunization for a lifetime; any number may be necessary. That the mortality' of smallpox has been great reduced by this step is shown In the following table: Smallpox aa reported to the Surgeon-General, Public Health and Marine Hospital Service, Washington, D. C, December 28, ltfol, to December 25, 190S Country. Canea. Deaths. TTnlted States 36.174 7rt Italy 2.6.M) 4d Germany 208 .... KusMa 2.T38 1.274 Esypt LOSS . B4S Braiil 13,519 S,5l'2 The possibilities in this field of pre ventive medicine are so . large and the benefits to be derived so immense, that it does seem that with proper efforts from those best fitted to carry on this cam paign, there Is hardly a limit to what can be accomplished. This limit at least Is not within the reach of. the present generation. The flpht must necessarily be a lengthy one. and those that now en list in the cause cannot expect to see much more than the opening skirmish. Not only this, but no generation in the future can ever see the battle over and the victory won. It has of necessity to he a perpetual fight, and as a race we will always live in a state of revolution, the micro-organism being the lurking arch enemy. This should not deter us; it is not a matter for discouragement, for with a working knowledge of the tactics of the enemy, it Is possible and' within reach' of every householder to en ter his services in this cause and see results. The pessimist may see none, the optimist too many, but true actual results will be derived, the full benefits of which will be felt by future generations. STATE-WIDE PROHIBITION. It la One of the Old Questions of the World. Catholic Sentinel, Portland.. Oregon is to have a state-wide pro hibition campaign next year, according to report. Whatever the result, the voters of Oregon may rest assured that no great blame will attach to them If they do 'not definitely solve the liquor problem at once. That problem has been with humanity a long time. A recent book dealing with the matter says that the brewing of ale was a skilled Indus try in Egypt 6000 years ago; and that 4000 years ago, at least, the business ran against the Egyptian reformer who .de manded a reduction in the number of ale-houses then existing in the land, particularly in the university city of Pelusium. If the brewers were not so dull of apprehension they could get rid of a goodly share of the demand for prohibi tion. It Is certain that much of . that demand arises not from opposition to the sale of liquor itself but from the manner in which the sale is conducted. But the brewers seem to find so much profit In aligning themselves with gambling, thievery, and the social evil that they refuse to consider a modest profit and decent sale conditions for their product. It may be noted that the anti-liquor forces In taking up the state-wide cam paign have abandoned their old position. When they were asking for the present local option law they argued that each community should be permitted to have its own say with regard to its own li quor problem, and they won on' this ar gument. But to demand state-wide pro hibition Is to deny the right of each community to home rule In regard to liquor. The requirements of present-day Indus try are making for temperance in the use of intoxicants. Many concerns for bid their employes the use of liquor at least during working hours. The United States Steel Corporation purposes mak ing an interesting experiment in Fayette County, Pennsylvania. Some 25,000 men in that country are Interested in the manufacture of coke. For more than a year figures have been gathered on drink ing among the coke workers, and It Is found that for 72 hours after each pay day the coke ovens do not run more than two-third their capacity, and there is scarcely a payday when hundreds of tons of coke axe not ruined by inability to get proper men to care for It In the. ovens With a view to remedying this condition of affairs, the steel corpora tion is seeking possession of the nine breweries In the county. The corpora tion does not Intend to stop its workers from drinking, but wants to eliminate, their purchase of beer by the kog and barrel. A Leasou In Journalism. They have the instinct of journalism at the University of Oregon. That Is to say. the college paper-The Oregon Emerald has it. This Interesting paragraph Is from its latest Issue: The Emerald failed to report an Import ant place of new. laat week, not because It "a. aaleep. but bacau.e It wea requested to So a substantially the .am. atory ap peared the next morning In The Oreonlan Naturally we wore disappointed. We apeaK of th" ..r now. however, only because . cu.1 1. .o prevalent. Th. Kmrald aa nlrea to be more than a critical review. People arV In the ha.blt of holding d.m flSS 't unyi It haa lost it. value and h.n expect It To be announced as a. sort of ".t'rlcal record. Hereatter. therefore, the id'tor will b. th. sole Judge of what la Dubllshed. taking advlca from no one. If allege news is wilfully held until It. value I. lost It will not be publiahed. Thu Howl About Convention." The Dalles Optimist. Why all this howl about a convention? Is It not true that the direct primaries law was framed with the understanding of the framers that we would hold party conventions? Such was the case, and no one disputes It. But it was found by the Democrats that if they could pre vent conventions they could likely defeat us at the polls; hence Chamberlain and Bourne. But It will be many a long year beforo a nondescript of the Bourne sort hoodwinks us again. He says he hopes to succeed himself, but he has no mpre show to do so than the cheapest tin-horn gambler In Portland. His name Is "One Term Bourne." Then to the boneyard fof his. One Who Haa Been Tested. New Haven Courier-Journal. Secretary of State Knox has virtually ser-ed notice that what Is wanted In the diplomatic service is a man who can hold his tongue. We take this oppor tunity to recommend to his distin guished consideration one Harry Whit ney, of this city. A REPLY TO BROTHER BBOl'GHER The Jewish Brother, aa Well n. the Catholic Brother, Has a Retalia tory Anawer. Referring to Brother Broughor s re marks about the dancers to American Ideals and Institutions, from the immigra tion of foreigners, mostly Jews and Catholics, the Jewish Tribune offers a body of pungent remarks, too long to be reprinted entiru. yet permitting abridge ment without loss of force and point. Wo quote: TheBe million, of Jews and Catholics com ing trom Euioiw give no r-t to Hroughur. They aro extremely bad, he complains, and the only remedy for their becoming moral Is to convert thorn to protectant ism. And so. the Catholics are bud because they are not Protestants, and the Jews because they are not Christians and not of the Protestant brand, and we have yet to learn which brand of protestantism Hroucher refers to. It seema that Urongher foiget. that the Catholics possessed the New Testament be fore there were any rrotestants. He lias not learned that the Catholie -New Testa ment contains the same moral teachings as the Protestant Bible, and certainly. If morality Is to be learned from l lie New Testament. It ts not from the .tuest.on. as to emersion, atoneinentT which lincers to use for making the sisn of the cross, etc.. and to .ay that to become moral the Cat.io 11c. must be converted to Protestantism 1. nonsense. As to the Jews, It seems that Brougher Is o Ignorant that he thinks that morality commenced onjy with the advent of Jesus who was Its tirst organizer and teacher. Brougher has evidently not yet learned that the New Testament writers have compiled his Bible of moral teaching, pilfered from the Jewish Bible and teaching. of the Rabbis; and miracle!" from paganism. Cer tainly, he has not yet heard of such person, as Moses, Isaiah, Amos and others who nr. known by the appelatlon of prophets, who have taught humanity the subllmosi moral ity, when Brougher's ancestors were mere aavage.. He has not yet learned that these prophet, preached In words of fire against drunkenness, unchastity, and. In fact, against everything Immoral. He is not yet aware that even his Bible telLi us that hi. divinity Jesus was n son of Jewisli parent age and a disciple of Jewish teachers, that all the virtues ascribed to him is the con sequence of his Jewish life. lSrouglier re minds us of Willlum Jennings Bryan, who a few year, aso proclaimed to a lurce audience In Galveston, Tex., that till toe advent of Jesus no human belnst had tiniKht the principle "Thou shalt love tliy nelKhhor as thyself,' for which falsehood he wa. called to account by Rubbl Henry Cohen, of that city. However. Bran is not a clergy man, he Is only a political runner, and as a politician he ha. the privilege either to be ignorant of the Bible or to tell falsehoods, or both. Such virtues a. Ignorance and falsifying are the components of some clergymen of the Brougher type. Brougher should learn that the'samo Jew ish immigrants from Europe who do not possess such a knowledge of the lngllsh language as he, use the languages they do know for telling the truth, and al any time he may sit at their feet as his divinity sal at the feet of the Rabbis. As a proof that Brougher Is Ignorant even of his own Bible wo charge him to show us any moral teaching in the New Testament which is originnl and disprove our statement that no moral law in the New Testament 1. original, that those appearing In the said Testament are pilfered from one or another Bible of other nations, and mostly from the Jewish Bible and the teachings of the Rabbis. Brougher should lose no sleep on account of the Jew.' morality. In concl-aston we must .ay. that Brouch er". attack upon Catholics and Jews Is a malicious libel; In his lecture to his au dience he strove to sow the seed of strife between the citizens of this country, and proved that the spirit of Americanism la a stranger to him. . , I .. 4h(. ..,. we are ioiwuiuing -..uy ... to Brougher and await his apology to both Catholics and Jew. for hi. maliclou. utter ance, against them. Ten Business Commandments. London Tidbits. Here ,1s a set which a well-known Liverpool house has placed on the dk of each of its clerks: First Thou shalt not Walt for some thing to turn up, but pull off thy coat and set to work. Second Thou shalt not go about thy hninsa looklnir Ilka a "guy." for thy personal appearance is thy best letter of recommendation. Third Thou shalt not try to make ex cuses and rebuke those who chide thee. Fourth Thou shalt not wait to be told what to do. Fifth Thou shalt rot fail to maintain thine own Integrity, or do anything which in .VitnA tn-n to r.rpunpn. Sixth Thou shalt not cover another fellow's job. nor his salary, nor the posi tion which he has got through hard work. Seventh Thou shalt not fail to live within thine own Income. Eighth Thou shalt 'not fail to blow thine own trumpet on the proper occa sion. Ninth Thou shalt not hesitate to say. "No" when thou meanest "No." Tenth Thou shalt give every man a square deal. This is the last and greatest commandment, and there is none like unto It. Upon it hangs all the law and the profits of business. Opera by a Negro Composer. Baltimore News. Early next Spring Baltimore will be visited by an organization that is well known' in England Beacuam's Sympho ny Orchestra. conducted by Thomas Beacham. who will Rive a series of operas at Her Majesty's Theater, Lon don. In January. Among the novelUos to be sung there w.ll be the. neero opera, "Koanga." one of the few negro operas ever composed. It is by Frederick Dellus. tho English composer, who passed a number of years In Florida wncn ho was about 30 years old, on an orange plantation far from any railway station. It is said that it was here, amid the silence, with no mutical distractluns but the songs of those (to Bnglitilimen) un familiar birds that cry in the swamps of this region, and the melancholy music of the negroes, .that he first conceived those wonderful tonal effects that are evident In his works. Germany was the first country to take him up. and his opera. "The Village Romeo," has lately enjoyed a long and suceesisful run In Berlin. "The Mass of Life," written for four solo voices, chorus and orchestra, is considered his best work. China Beat Cook to It. Washington Star. It Is reported, on what authority can not be vouched for. nor does it particu larly matter, that Minister Wu Tins Fang comes into the Polar controversy with the statement that the North Pole was discovered by a Chinaman more than 6000 years ago. This statement should cause no sur prise. It was to be expected. It was bound to come. It Mr. Wu had not said It somebody else would. The state ment might have come from a member of the faculty of Chicago University. CURRENT SMALL CHANGE. "I de.palr of my hoy " "Has no narurnl bent?" "Yes, that's the trouble. He a born crooked." Cleveland Leader. American at Oxford Say. driver, what's that edifloe?" "Thaf. St. John s College, m'm." "Oh. .o you have cahltges here! Punch. "I hear your girl has a good trade now." "Don't .peak of It as a trade: It is a real calling." "What I. It?" "he Is a. telephone operator." Baltimore American. I'm mighty sorry to hear of the death of Bllllnstton Bondham." -ye.." replied tho well-known lawyer. "I am too. Nobody st.-ms to be dissatisfied with hi. will. i.hl cago Record-Herald. "From what I'va heard about Cuba." mid Mrs. I.apslln. "they don't use the automobile very much down there. A rich Cuban lines arodnd In a sort of two-wheeled vocabulary. Chicago Tribune. Professor Suppose an irresistible force .en countered an Immovable body, what would be the result? student I don't know ex actly, but I Imagine It would be something like ths meeting of two rival . Arctic ex plorers. Chicago Dally News. "Allow me to congratulate you on jour speech " "Don't do that." replied the young member of the diplomatic service. "If 1 have said anything calculated to at tract notloe there Is no telling how much trouble it may make me." Waahlngtua Star, .