THE 3IORXIXG OREGOXIAX, THURSDAY, AUGUST 5, 1909
8
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PORTLAND. THURSDAY. AUG. S, 1909.
' PROHIBITION AS A POLICY.
Though The Oregonlan does not
favor prohibitory liquor laws, except
through methods of local option
which can be effective only in village
or rural communities where the de
mand for liquors is naturally small,
mnd where prohibition, therefore, can
be pretty closely enforced it cannot
accept the opinion that sale of liquor
Is not restricted, to a degree, by pro
hibition. This is not a reasonable con
tention, and is not In accord with ex
perience. But while prohibition Is a
restriction on the sale, and probably on
the consumption, it may have little
restriction on the abuse 'of liquors
and on drunkenness itself.
But prohibition will change radl
cally the method of obtaining liquors
and the manner of their consumption
It introduces the boot-leg, speak-easy
and bottle system, with secret con
sumption; and liquors introduced by
Ihe case or bottle into prohibition com
munities will. In many cases, lead to
' more excess than saloon-drinking. So
many persons probably will not drink
- as where there are open bar9, and
the total consumption may be less; but
It is found that as many or more per
sons will get drunk. The drinker, not
the seller, is the source of the liquor
traffic; and the effort to prohibit it.
directed towards fhe seller, will always
be a failure, or never more than a par
tial success. Effort to prohibit in a
large city Is sheer folly. In large cities
locial life is quicker and has more
tides than in country; and where social
life finds its most varied expression,
verything that belongs to or is part
of the social life of the quicker world
will be used as wanted always, of
course, within reasonable limits or
with reasonable restrictions. Should
Oregon vote prohibition, as a state
policy, then we should find a distinc
tion between Oregon and Washington,
nd between Portland and Seattle
that would not redound to the advan
tage. In the Judgment of the world,
pf Oregon or of Portland. A city must
be something more than a Y. M. C. A.
. 1 W. C. T. U. and a Sunday school.
Manufacture, sale and use of alco
holic liquors are not essential to the
life of a community, and many evils
may arise and do arise from the vices
that grow out of them. But, after
all, there is a reasonable and proper
use of liquors, recognized throughout
the world; and the communities that
use them are the most active, ener
getic and progressive of all. Not that
liquors make this activity and pro
gresslveness. but that they are an In
cident of them, or are inseparable
from them. Think of the impossibil
ity and absurdity of prohibition in
New York or Chicago, in Paris or Lon
flon.' It is a policy attempted in To
peka, Kansas, and In Portland, Maine;
but even there It falls. Georgia has a
state prohibitory law and there are no
open saloons that Is. saloons of the
kind known In rfon-prohlbition states.
But in Atlanta and Savannah prohi
bition is merely a Joke. Liquors in
carload quantities are shipped Into
both places; and into other towns
of the state in quantities to meet the
demand. They are consumed, of
course, or they wouldn't be shipped in.
The prohibitionists call it "a stench
In the nostrils of the Almighty" -but
what they know about the nostrils
of the Almighty isn't scientific knowl
edge. They who have voted prohi
bition, yet easily get all the liquors
they want, say it Is a great success.
"We keep Iicker from the nigger and
make it hard for the poor whites to
get It."
This appears to be the flower and
fruit of prohibition in the South. Sim
ilar somewhat are the results in the
North but there Is a difference aris
ing from the differing elements of the
population of the two sections. There
are few negroes In the Xorth, but a
larger and very different element of
white population who buy and use
liquors, who oppose prohibition as an
attempt to deprive them of what they
regard as an inherent right, and who,
'moreover, use liquors, especially of the
milder ki,nd, as a sort of social incident
or adjunct of their daily life. In the
cities this la especially the case; and
In America the cities are growing
rapidly to the rank they hold In
the life of the Old World. Some
of our pioneers yet survive who
know . this. who find themselves
In the midst of great urban com
munities, yet who helped to start the
organization of counties, with no more
than a half dozen families In each. The
liquor question gave no trouble then.
But cities have grown, life In them ha,
become a thing of Infinite variety, and
every thing that belongs to it must
be supplied, for It will be had. The
pioneers of Oregon shot game for their
dinner and finished with pot pie made
from wild berries gathered on the pub
lic lands. There were no liquors
because nobody could get them .and
because the primitive society didn't
want them. But the primitive society
doesn't exist now except In a few re
mote or outlying places, where as yet
there Is no demand for fashionable
hats or footwear, for liquors, theaters,
automobiles, or churches with carpets
and cushioned pews.
This Is a many-sided question. It
will settle at last in our country ta
the conditions that exist in older coun
tries, where sale of liquors Is held
under strict regulation, and "the icy
precepts of respect" keep people from
getting drunk. The liquor saloon hat
been too prominent a thing In our
country. It will not be abolished, but
It will become less conspicuous: for
the appetite for liquors will be
brought, as it is being brought, more
and more under control, and th liquor
saloon with it. The saloon, after all,
is more an effect than a cause, of
excess."
No use, of course, to talk to pro
hibitionists about the vile liquors likely
to be dispensed under restrictive con
ditions; for they will say the viler
the liquors the better, and the quicker
or sooner they kill the better the
vilest and most poisonous liquors,
therefore, are the best. These are
merely the "high Jinks" of theory. We
must deal with conditions and facts,
with social conditions, and with human
nature that makes social conditions,
above and over all. These are favor
able to restriction of liquor business,
I which all Recognize must be kept with-
In bounds. The demand for restriction
will enact local prohibition wher-
?24ever wanted; but general prohibition
lor states or Dy states; especially buwh
states as contain large or considerable
cities, never will be effective. It maj
not be attempted, as a general policy,
in states that contain large cities; bu'
if It should be, it will prove a farce an
disappointment, every time.
HIGHER WATER RVTES.
Since word has gone out that meter
rates for water must be raised, there
has been less clamor for meters from
persons who have imagined meters will
afford them water for Zo cents or oo
cents a month. Fact is, every con
sumer should pay 75 cents or tl
month, whether he uses that much
water throush a meter-or not. That
means a minimum flat rate, the same
as now. The city can afford no other
method, and a consumer who can t
pay 2hi cents a day for water should
move out of the city back to the old
well or the -spring at the feot of the
hill, where he can save money carry
ing water in a bucket.
By and by common sense will rule
discussion of the water question. Just
as' of everything else. Then the
thought will be abandoned of getting
water for less than i5 cents a month
In any household. It is worth some
thing, in addition to the quantity of
water used, to have connections with
the city's mains. Metejs ought to In
crease the average monthly rate In
stead of diminishing it: they cost the
city til or $12 to install, and contin
uous expenditure to keep in repair and
to Inspect. All this consumers must
pay. The electric company charges $1
minimum; likewise the gas company.
The gas company has Just advanced to
that rate, finding 50 cents minimum
unprofitable.
It ought to be borne In mind that
meters mean an additional expense,
which consumers will have to pay
They are needed only where there is
unusually large consumption or waste
of water; in such places they must
he Installed sosas to protect the sup
olv of the whole body of consumers.
Portland has abundance of water for
all Droper uses: not, however, for
wholesale waste. Meters applied to
one-third the consumers will stop the
waste, without stinting small house
holders. Why, then, incur the un
necessary expense of metering the
other two-thirds? It is pleasant to
observe that this practical opinion of
the matter is taking hold of the water
question.
ClJiVELAJiIVS AWAKENING.
The- people of Cleveland, O., have
at last distinctly repudiated Tom John
son. They have, by an emphatic vote,
refused to grant a franchise to a street
railway corporation on a three-cent
basis. It was a scheme that carried
out to a great extent the well-known
Johnson programme of a holding com
pany for the Cleveland street railways
with public ownership as the ultimate.
Cleveland has had all it wants of the
three-cent fare. It has learned by
experience that it is Impracticable and
ruinous. It means poor service, poor
equipment and extra charge for trans
fers. What the public wants, and
will have. Is satisfactory service, in
cluding a complete system of trans
fers, so that transportation may be ex
peditious, frequent and unlimited
within the boundaries of a city. It is
quite willing that the streetcar com
pany shall earn a fair income on its
Investment.
Tom Johnsonism Is a dream from
which Cleveland is but now awaken
ing. It had been induced by that
great demagogue to believe that the
street railway corporations were earn
ing exorbitant dividends and were giv
ing poor sen-ice, and the three-cent
bait was held out to them. The pub
lic bit; but it knows better now.
RECORD RAILROAD WORK. '
Quite prominent mention has been
given and due appreciation has been
shown the wonderful wheat crop
which the Pacific Northwest is now
turning out. We have also had much
to sav about the big output of highr
priced fruit, hops, wool, salmon, dairy
products, etc. v e shipped more lum
ber by water last month than in any
previous month in the history of the
port, and there Is no denying the fact
that the year 1909 will break all exist
ing records In the value of the great
staples which we will send forth in
such large quantities. In the midst
of this rejoicing over the money that
Is coming in from the same sources
from which we have long been accus
tomed to receive it, there is a new
feature of Increasing Importance in our
local economic system. This new fac
tor, which has come Into prominence
with a jush, is the construction work
on numerous big railroad projects in
Oregon and Washington.
Wattis Bros., who have the contract
for the Natron extension of the South
ern Pacific, say that they will immedi
ately place a force of 2000 men in the
field. Porter Bros, already have 900
men on the payroll of the Deschutes
enterprise, and Twohy Bros., who rep
resent the Harriman line, have about
the same number. On the Tillamook
line nearly 1200 men are working,
and the United Railways has a'force of
nearly 500 men. Over in Washington
more than 6000 men are now working
on the Hill. Harriman, North Coast
and Milwaukee projects. At a rough
estimate the steam roads alone now
engaged In construction work in the
two states have between 10.000 and
12.000 men employed. With this array
of men there are, of course, hundreds
of teams and an immense amount of
equipment, and ahead of the construc
tion forces is another small army of
engineers and right-of-way men.
These forces will toe further increased
.when the work of double-tracking the
Northern Pacific between Kalama and
Puget Sound Is undertaken, and It is
highly probable that before bad
weather next Kali cuts down the forces
we shall find the steam roads alone
spending nearly J100;000 per day In
Oregon and Washington for (w con
struction. Aside from the almost immeasura
ble benefits which we shall reap from
the building of some of these new
lines, the economic advantage of such
a heavy payroll, while the work is In
progress, is sufficient to create much
activity In various parts of the North
west. From ha'f a dozen points In the
two states news has come of horse and
mule-buyers paying farmers fancy
prices for stock to be used in railroad
or irrigation work! This demand im
proves the market for livestock, and It
also improves the market for feed for
the animals used in the work. Some
of these railroad enterprises may be
halted, but nearly all of them are cer
tain to be carried through to . com
pletion, and, while building and after
completion, will make their influence
felt on the general business situation.
THE HOE AS AN IRRIGATOR.
This is the proper time to revive the
subject of irrigation In the Willamette
Valley. It is a worthy subject and
should be fully developed on all sides.
Crops can be doubled or even trebled
by applying water during the best
growing period, which Is June, July
and August.
Something might be said along an
other line of effort, however, that
would be somewhat to the point.
Moisture follows the plow, the har
row, the cultivator, and, best of all,
the hoe. It's wonderful how much
moisture elbow grease can store up in
the" soil. A finely-worked garden bed
will be damp all through the Summer.
All this means work, but work would
be a good change in numerous places.
There are men In Oregon who can
make lots of money while their lazier
brethren are talking about irrigation
and waiting for it. A good many of
them are already making the money.
The moral of which Is that, while
irrigation would be all very fine and
would accomplish great things for
crops and farmers, still while we are
waiting for Irrigation there is a lot
to do along the line of vigorous culti
vation. Promise of Irrigation should
furnsh no sluggish tiller of the soil
with pretext for laziness.
INFALLIBLE TRADE BAROMETER.
Whatever criticism may be directed
against the steel trust for its methods
of crushing competition and cinching
the American consumer,, no question
has ever been raised as to the value of
its reports as trade barometers, not
alone for the metal trades, but for all
other lines. There are so many Indus
tries throughout the country which
directly and Indirectly pay tribute to
this greatest of all trusts that the Im
proved showing in the stSel trust Is
In a large degree a reflection of im
provement in a thousand other indus
tries of lesser importance. For this
reason the quarterly reports of the big
corporation are watched very closely
by all business men. . In the report for
the three months ending June 30 can
be found ample confirmation of the
general recovery of business.
This report shows net earnings, after
all the customary charges to the ac
count of subsidiary companies, to be
$29,340,491, compared with $22,921,
268 for the quarter ending March 31,'
and $20,265,756 for the same quarter
last year. The record of quarterly
earnings his, of course, not yet
reached the high mark established in
the height jf the boom in 1907, but
the Increase has been so steady and
consistent that it shows a very healthy
situation. For the first six months of
the year the increase in net earnings
amounted to nearly $14,000,00.
While dividends and accumulating
surplus in the various funds of the
steel trust show that the rates exacted
from consumers are still outrageously
high, the reduction In prices made in
February has undoubtedly contributed
materially toward bringing about the
Improvement In business.
For example, It is noted in the re
port that the earnings for March,
1909, the first month after the cut In
prices became effective were but
$500,000 greater than those for March,
1908. In April the effect of the re
duced prices was shown' in an increase
of more than $1,400,000 over the same
month last year. May still further In
creased the lead with a gain over May,
1908, of more than $3,600,000,' and
June, the last month on which reports
have been made public, showed a gain
of more than $4,000,000 over June,'
1908. Steel and steel products are so
largely, used in other manufactures,
that it is but natural that correspond
ing gains should be shown in the busi
ness of the consumers of this steel.
The Increased business that has fol
lowed the reduction made in steel
prices may reflect something more
than the natural revival of business
so much in evidence at this time. Low
prices on almost any commodity mean
Increased consumption, and it is noj at
all Improbable that a further reduction
in prices, to something approaching
the figures at which foreigners are
supplied with American steel, would
still further improve the business. Re
duction in the duty on steel products
would lessen the opportunity which
the trust now has for plundering the
people, but it might greatly encourage
the use of steel and steel products at
more moderate prices.
GRACIOUS SERVICE.
The Grand Duchess Sergius of' Rus
sia has founded an establishment at
MdScow to supply district nurses for
the poor. She is a sister of the Czar
ina and second daughter of Princess
Alice of England, who became Grand
Duchess of Hesse-Darmstadt and
died when her four daughters and son
were still in their cnuanooa. one
was like other English Princesses, an
excellent and Indefatigable nurse and
lost her life from diphtheria contract
ed while nursing her young son, the
present Grand Duke of Hesse-Darm
stadt. This was In 1878, when diph
theria Was not known to be contagious,
though Its virulence had been proven
by the large number of deaths that re
sulted from it. Unknowing, or dis
regarding the danger, the mother
nursed her son back, to health, was
constant in her attendance upon a
young daughter who died from the
disease, and heraelf succumbed to its
virulence within a short time after she
was attacked. Her daughters inherit
the fine intelligence and political acu
men that' belonged to their mother
in common with several of the
other daughters of the. late Queen Vic
toria. They also inherit the gracious
instinct that makes a woman of strong
character a good nurse.
The Grand Duchess Elizabeth Is
the widow of Sergius. the most brutal
and hated of the Russian Grand
Dukes. His life was ended by the ex
plosion of a bomb, thrown while he
and his wife were slelghrlding in St.
Petersburg on a. Winter's day several
years ago. The shock was a cruel one
but, recovering from It, it Is said that
the Grand Duchess has been much
happier as a widow than she ever was
as a wife, and that she finds real
pleasure In such humane and charitable
work as she Is permitted, by the rigid
rules of Russian court etiquette, to en
gage in. The hospital to-supply dis
trict nurses for the poor in Moscow Is
her latest undertaking. She is child
less and thus escapes the anxiety and
apprehension that are the lot of moth
ers of the Russian imperial family, and
that have reduced the Czarina to a
nervous wreck and made her old be
fore her time.
It is impossible to suppose that
School Director Beach was serious
when he questioned whether the
School Board had a right to hear and
determine the charges against Superin
tendent Hamilton, of the school of
trades, on the ground that the alleged
offenses had occurred prior to the term
for which Hamilton was recently elect
ed. If Hamilton's fitness for an im
portant position n the public schools
Is not to be ascertained, by his. conduct
in that position, how may-it be ascertained?-
If he used unfit language' In
the presence of pupils, showed favor
itism, failed to enforce proper disci
pline, and acted as agent for a corre
spondence school, by duress attempt
ing to force his fellow-teachers to be
come pupils in the school, so that he
might have a commission from their
tuition fees, he is Just the person that
the Portland schools should not have.
Ii. is absurd to wait until Hamilton
shall commit these offenses again If
at all so that the Board may then
act. Besides, the. public certainly
should know whether Hamilton is fit
for his place. It wants to know,
whether the "School Board does or not.
But we suppose it does, since the hear
ing proceeding.
Where, oh, where, Is our old friend
the American Society of Equity?
When the sinful speculators were
boosting the price of wheat far above
the dollar mark originally established
by the society as a price which would
be equitable alike to grower and con
sumer, the Society of Equity fell-in line
and advanced the limits to 11. lb.
When it became impossible to find the
heavy stocks which Secretary Wilson
had on hand March 1, the price shot
up to $1.50, and even $1.60 per bushel,
with no attempt to "equalize" things
for the consumer. But. before the
avalanche of new wheat that has been
sweeping on to market, the price has
been dropping at a rate which prom
ises again to land the cereal within
reach of the poor consumer's purse.
For the first time In many months the
price yesterday fell below $1 per
bushel, and, while it did not tarry long
below that magic figure, the distress
signal was flying nearly all day, with
but little support from the Society of
Equity or any other source.
Don Jaime, pretender to the Span
ish throne, in an interview given out
at Vienna declares that he has no in
tention of interfering In the present
crisis in Spain. He assures the people
that "Never will I lead Spaniard
against Spaniard." In announcing this
decision Don Jaime discloses rare dis
cretion and regard for his personal
comfort and safety not unlike that
which kept his predecessor in the pre
tender line sound in health and mind
through a long life of "pretending."
The blundering boy who Is now at the
head of the Spanish government may
get
his people into all sorts oi
trouble and may even be obliged to
flee the country before peace is re
stored.. Meanwhile, however,' he will
remain in a position where he could
make- Don Jaime, or any other pre
tender, a very poor life .insurance risk
if he attempted to start anything
rough at this time. Even a live pre
tender has some advantages over a
dead King.
The old steamer Telephone has de
parted the Columbia River, but has
left behind her whistle to awake the
echoes of the Columbia and Willam
ettfe Rivers. This whistle, after all.
Is the only enduring part of the old
boat, .because little of the historic
steamer remains, other than the cab
ins, in the boat now on the way to
San Francisco. When L. B. Seeley was
operating the Telephone and the
Bailey Gatzert, some years ago, and
long" use finally made him send" the
Telephone to the boneyard, he trans
ferred the Telephone's whistle to the
Bailey Gatzert, and the latter steamer
is blowing it yet. Later the Telephone
was rebuilt, but it always lacked the
old note and never found the favor of
the first Telephone. Mr. Seeley used
to say he added the whistle to the
Bailey Gatzert to give the boat more
speed. The pecuriar medley of sounds
in the whistle always carries many
memories in boating circles.
Over 2000, "Cooneyites" are holding
continuous prayer meetings at Balllna
mallard, Ireland, waiting for the mil
lennium, which they expect will be
ushered in at anyf moment. Their
chances for realization of their expec
tations are fully as good as those of
about 250,000 people who have been
pouring into Coeur d'Alene and other
points where the Indian land lottery is
being conducted. There is no cost at
tached to registering for the millen
nium but a chance in the Indian land
lottery la expensive.
The Porter Bros, and the Twohy
Bros, have locked horns in the Des
chutes Canyon. Now if the Wattis
Bros., who have the contract for the
Natron extension of the Southern Pa
cific, could only get into the game, we
might have a practical Illustration of
the meaning of that old simile "fight
ing like brothers."
The receiver of a defunct bank In
Portland was assaulted by a depositor
the other day. Mr. Ross, convicted
head of a fake bank, has been at
peace with all the world, thanks to
the rewards of divine providence. It
Lpays to be a godly man, especially If
one la imuie i , . , . ...... - .
"Is prohibition a failure?" depends
on the point of view. Like "Is mar
riage' a failure?" its. answer tfomes
after the question whether for bet
ter or for worse. '
After all Is said and done, Binger
Hermann is the most level-headed of
the land-fraud defendants; he never
has "dared" Heney nor the Secretary
of the Interior.
Mr. Harriman has engaged another
doctor. At the rate he is going, he
might Just as well have patronized
home industry, unless he is trying to
save money.
It seems to be a race between Por
ter Bros, and Twohy Bros, to exceed i
the celebrity of the cough drops and
the greatest circus on earth.
' Secretary Ballinger and Mr. Heney
have yet to meet, this trip. Our own
Binger Hermann perhaps has noted
the omission.
MVST HAVE BROADWAY BRIDGE.
3Vort hives tern Part of the City a In It
on the Proposition.
V PORTLAND, Aug. 4. (To the Ed
itor.) I see the knocker is out again
with his hammer. While I am for
economy, I cannot agree with Mr. Kler
nan on the bridge question. Now, I
think if the railroad company wants to
build a bridge that is their business,
and if the people of Portland want to
build a bridge, that is up to them, and
I think that the public'know what they
want. You need not tell them; the bal
lot at the election told what the public
want.- You say you are impressed with
the newspapers and public officials and
taxpayers' co-operation with the rail
road company. You made a sad mis
take when you said that, for it is not
true." I think most, if not all the offi
cials, are In favor of building the
Broadway bridge, and I know 98 per
cent of the taxpayers north of Holla
day avenue want the bridge.
Now, Mr. Klernan, I want to ask you
a few questions. Are you working for
the railroad company or for the dear
people, or are you working for your
self? Now, if it hurts you to pay a
little tax for the Broadway bridge, I
for one will volunteer my services to
take up a subscription for your part
of the tax. But let us have the bridge
by all means. We who live in the
northwestern part of the city must
have this bridge. The bonds were
voted to build this .bridge, and now
we will see to It that It is built ac
cording to the wishes of the people.
The time of the mossback is gone In
Portland. If we want to have a modern
city we must have modern Improve
ments, so the public can get around
with ease and comfort and not sit on.
the Steel bridge ten or twenty minutes
every time they cross the river. Time
is worth money In Portland now: the
days for ox teams and old croakers
have gone. I think the officials you
speak about are too broad-minded men
to listen to such statements as you
have made in last Sunday's Oregonlan.
Let us help the honorable Mayor to
build some good streets and bridges.
Let us put our shoulders to the wheel
and boost the progress of our city. The
way the northwestern part of the city
is growing, in four years we will need
two bridges, and It will take at least
two years to build, either bridge. In
two years' time there will probably be
20,000 people at and near the Swift
plant, beside St. John. Upper Albina,
Irvington, Holladay and the Peninsula,
all growing very rapidly. I You had bet
ter look up a few records and see
where the city is going. Now, Mr.
Klernan, If you and Mr. C. K. Henry
want to go into "cahoots" with the
railroad company, airight, go to it,
but we, the people, want a bridge of our
own. J. H. NOLTA.
A Check: on Mad Scorchers.
Norwich Bulletin.
A Providence policeman named Hall,
who shot at the automobile being run
faster than the speed limit by Frank E.
Bowles, of Pawtucket on Wednesday
night of last week, has the Automobile
Legal Association of the state demanding
his dismissal from the force. The Police
Commissioners, instead of yielding to
their clamor, have supported Policeman
Hall In the line of his duty In holding up
a speed lunatic who was Imperilling the
lives of the citizens. The Providence
Journal, commenting upon the Incident,
says: f
The great majority of men who own
automobiles have shown themselves per
fectly willing to abide by the law, etc.,
etc.
And this is the way .to make a police
force efficient, and to check the disre
specters of the law in their mad career.
Twenty Years) T to Ran.
PORTLAND. Or., Aug. 4. (To the Edi
tor.) From a short editorial In this morn
ing's Oregonlan, I take it that the propo
sition is to continue the street-franchise
graft of the streetcar company by accept
ing bonus in the shape of free passes for
the heads (and tails) of the city govern
ment. READER.
This "reader" seems to thlpk the city
can now revoke the franchise of the
streetcar company, and ought to do it.
The franchise still has over 20 years to
run. It was a suggestion, merely, of The
Oregonlan that since the franchise was
given away by the city, the company now
well enough might pass the officials of
the city when moving about in the dis
charge of their duties.
Canaries as Choristers.
Rochester Democrat and Chronicle.
The introduction of singing canary birds
as an adjunct to church music is not. as
claimed by members of a Cincinnati
church, an Innovation. In at least one
Rochester church cages of canaries were
hung in the choir loft during special serv
ices as many as five years ago, and the
precedent has often been followed. Al
though not novel, the experiment by the
Cincinnati institutional church, was pleas
ing, as was the case in Rochester. It is
true that the feathered songsters do not
adhere closely to the tunes in the hym
nals, but they Join sweetly In the offer
ings of praise.
pity the Wireless Husband.
Baltimore Sun.
Pity the poor husband left wifeless In
the town! While she is. basking In the
warm sunshine on the beach or enjoying
the sweet delights of rusticity on the
farm he Is left alone In the crowded city,
working his life out from four to six hours
a day to pay for the luxuries of his un
thinking and expensive family. In the
city in the Summer time there Is nothing
In the world to amuse a man. except
baseball games, roof gardens, parks, sails,
highballs, vaudeville shows, cafes swept
by electric fan breezes, blonde and bru
nette maidens, bands, poker parties, or
chestras, beer, picnics, "Joyrides" and
mrnt juleps. Not another thing. Outside
of these all is work.
Reflections of m Bachelor.
New York Press.
It adds a lot to the pleasure of doing a
thine for It to cost money.
When a man gives 10 cents' worth of
advice it looks to him like $10,000.
The chief reason people don't tell more
lies than they do is they can't think of
more to tell.
Women are sometimes pitiful about the
character of others, but always merciless
about their clothes.
A woman can stand always being sea
sick out yachting because It makes some
other woman who wasn't asked sicker
with envy
Now, Jfot "Yet."
Brooklyn. Eagle.
Justice Brewer of the United States Su
preme Court, says that we shall yet see
the picture of honest men doing honest
business. Why "yet"? We see it now.
He is a poor American who will not con
tend that the standard of Integrity In
this country, commercial, industrial and
financial, has nothing to lose by compari
son with that of any other nation on the
face of the earth.
"Fools" Not All Dead Yet.
Philadelphia Record.
Of Robert Fulton Napoleon said in 1803:
"This is a fool. He proposes to trans
mit our floatiila to England with boiling
water." After a lapse of little more than
a century another "fool" of the same kind
has floated into England through the air.
9Ir. Payne Causes Pain.
Boston Herald.
If the President said, "I'll be If I'll
be sandbagged by them." the missing
word must have been "pained."
PRINCIPAL CHANGES IN TARIFF LAW
Reductions on Large Number of Commodities, Advance on Few, Which Are
Mostly Luxuries Corporation Tax and Reciprocity Provision.
Following is a summary of the changes in the tariff made by the Payne
bill as agreed on In conference and in resolutions to be adopted modifying
the conference report:
Dingley law.
Hides iS Per cent
Shoes' made of hides of cattle and ealfekin . . . 25 per cent
Shoes not made of hides of cattle and calfskin. 25 per cent
Uppers made of hides of cattle and calfskin . .20 per cent
Uppers not made of hides of cattle and caliskin20 per cent
Sole and band leather 20 per cent
Harness and saddlery made of bides of cattle
and calfskin - .45 per cent
Harness and saddlery not made of hides of
cattle and calfe-kln IS pfv"'t
Rough lumber f-a M feet
Iron ore 40c a ton
Coal (bituminous) 6. c a ton
Quabracho 3?c a 1 ...
Crude petroleum Countervailing duty
Chromlo acia 3c a lb.
Borax 5c a lb
Chloroform . 20c a lb.
Sulphuric ethers 4(c a lb.
Nitrous ethers i'5e a lo.
Fruit ethers 2 ?
Iodoform $1 a lb.
Flaxseed and linseed oil 20c a gal.
Peppermint oil 50c a lb.
Red lead 2T4,o a lb.
Orange mineral 3calb.
White lead 2T4c a lb.
Chlorate of rotash 2 '4c a lb.
Healing plasters .15 per cent
Sal soda - ?-10e a lb.
Ssda ash 9so a lb
Arsenate of soda i licalb.
Silicate of soda He a lb.
Sulphate of soda . . $1.23 a ton
Manufactures of sponges' 40 per cent
Strychnine 30c an os.
Cylinder glass, polished, larger than 1440
square incnes
i-is iri-i, .......
Scrap Iron
Structural steel,
Structural steel.
Structural steel,
v.
worth up to $18 a ton...-.
worth over $18 a ton
punched for use
Anchors, iron or steel j a in.
Iron or steel, forged only . 35 per cent
Cotton ties -- 5-lOc a lb.
Steel, rails T-20c a lb.
Tin plates lo a lb.
Cast Iron pipe 4-1 Oe a lb.
Cast hollow ware, tinned 2o a lb.
Chains, less than 5-4-Inch diameter 1 So a lb.
Chains, to inch diameter loalb.
Chains, to 5-18 Inch diameter lcalb.
Pearl and ehell-handled knives and forks Ic ea. and 15 per cent
Hom-handled knives and forks - 12c ea-and 15 per cent
Bone or rubber-handled knives and forks 5c ea. and 15 per cent
Horseshoe nails 2Lc a lb.
Pig lead 2calb.
Small tacks and brads - 14c a M.
Large tacks and brads loalb.
Rivets, Iron and steel ! 2c a lb.
Crosscut saws 6c a foot
Mill saws .-. i 10c a foot
Pit and drag eawf - ec a foot
Circular saws .' 25 per cent
Hand and back saws 30 per cent
Ixcomotlve and car wheels and tires lcalb.
Silver leaf 15c 100 leaves
Zinc ore containing less than 10 per cent slncFree
Zinc oro containing 10 per cent to 20 per cent
xinc ' Free
Zlno ore containing 20 per cent to 25 per cent
zlno J"" .
Zinc ore containing more than 25 per cent xincFree
Zinc, In blocks or pigs lHcalb.
Wood post, ties and poles 20 per cent
Surar above No. 16, Dutch standard 1 95-100c a lb.
Cornmeal -?2CBI-
Hops - 12c a lb.
Green peas 40c a bu.
Split peas - u.
Seed peas 40c a bu.
Dates
Grants. In barrels 20c a cu. n.
Lemons a
Apricot and peach kernels lc a lb.
Bacon and hams c a lb .
Lard 2o a lb.
Wool grease a lb.
Potato starch "!rc ,2"
Starch . -lc "-
Dextrine a Ito.
Ttrandv $2.2 a gal.
cSSiau. &
Champagne, quarts $8 a doz.
Still wines containing more than 14 per cent
alcohol j,B'
Ale. porter and stout (bottled) 40c a gal.
Ale. porter and stout not bottled) 20c a gal.
Cotton thread up to No. 15, not spooled.. 8c a lb
Cotton thread. No. 1 to 30. rot spooled l-5c per V. a lb.
Cotton thread above No. 30, not spooled Ho per No. alb.
Cords and cables of manlla, Klsal grass, etc.. lea lb.
Hemp or flax threads, twines, etc.. finer than
N k 13c a lb.
Hemp or flax yams not finer than No. 8 7c a lb.
Fla.5 hemp and Jut. mattin, wh. .r8o . ya and 35c per c.
F1"a yar"dP .a"d. -W". ..V.e.r. "?10c sq. yd. and 35 per c
Artificial cork or cork waste 8e a lb.
Gunpowder worth 20c or less a lb ?
Gunpowder worth more than 20c a pound. . . . fic a lb
Feathers and downs, unmanufactured 15c 1-
Feather boas, millinery ornaments, etc jO per cent
Dowa quilts, etc - KtS
Crinoline cloth JnSr cent
Agricultural implements - inXVih
Sulphate of ammonia. li ner cent.
Fence posts (wood) ' ,
Kindling wood, for each V, cubic foot.. . , .. . .
Paintings, statuary and other works of art ... 20 per cent
Paper, news print l-12c per lb
Wood pulp Lee
S!nd"i?-. T'ln : n : : : : 45 per cent
J're ,brtck -..".SOcperM.
lotwn hosiery 'ai- $i" per dosV VW oV le 50e per do, pra
Cotton hosiery at over $1. under $1.60 per f
doz. paira .
Cotton hosiery at more than $1.50 and not
-.'S J"J:.pa:::::::::::::::.::::-"p-doz. Pr.
The new tariff law will impose a tax
of 1 per cent on the net earnings of all
corporations, except that they shall be
allowed to deduct fiom such net earnings
an amount sufficient to pay the Interest
on any bonds not in excess of their
capital stock. This tax has been sub
stituted for the inheritance tax imposed
by the House.
The new law will also provide maxi
mum and minimum rates of duty, the
maximum rates to be Imposed except on
Imports from countries which do not. un
duly discriminate against imports from
the United States, the President to be
the judge of such discrimination.
To assist the President in enforcing the
KEPT FAMILY OI 15 CENTS A DAY
Interesting Menu, Including Hogs' Food,
Brought Out In Divorce Suit.
Bt. Louis Special to New York World.
Here are some of the evidences of
thrift shown by Robert Gerichs as tes
tified to by Mrs. Gerichs, who filed a
cross bill and la fighting her husband's
suit for divorce:
Gave his wife 15 cents a day to puy
food for the family of nine.
Bought stale bread at 25 cents a bar
rel for the children to eat.
Bought molasses at 20 cents a gallon,
added an equal quantity of water to It,
and said that "it was fine for the chil
dren." Brought home one link of pork sau
sage for each of the family.
Insisted that his wife use only melted
lard as gravy on the children's bread.
Provided so little money for meat
that the family had to eat hamburger
steak every day, except when he gave
them a treat one sausage link.
Insisted that no soup e-cept bean
soup, and no vegetable except eabbage
be cooked.
Mrs. Gerichs testified that the stale
bread which her husband bought by
the harrel was originally bought by
Gerichs' brother, to be used as feed for
hoa-s. "But my hnsband seemed to
think hog feed was good enough for the
children," she added.
In rebuttal to his wife's testimony as
to the things which he did, Gerichs
testified that Mrs. Gerichs refused to
take care of his four children, would
not mend his garments, would not cook
his meals, would not wash the clothes.
He testified that he had to come
home and do the washing and hang out
the clothes, though he is a paper-
hanger, "But," he added, after enumer
ating these things, "my wife was a
good housekeeper."
Asked what ne meant oy uui, no
said: "Well, she was my housekeeper
for a year before we were married.
and she was a good one. I wish I had
kept her as my housekeeper Instead of
making her my wife."
He did not say whether he would
hire his wife as housekeeper again if
a divorce be granted.
The case was taken unaer aavioe-
ment
For the Half-Dollar People.
New York American.
One thousand dollars a volume for a
set of Dickens! To the true Dickens lover
thA he-st siaht in the world is a DroKen-
backed. battered, tattered, dog-eared and
thumb-marked "David Copperfield." Away
with your thousand dollars: Dickens was
made for the half-dollar people.
Payne' law.
Free
10 per cent
15 per cent
7Vj per cent
15 per csnt
5 per cent
20 per cent
40 per cent
$
'J M. fat
i.c a ton
45c a toa
ic a lb.
Free
2c a lb.
2c a lb.
10c a lb.
be a lb.
20c a lb.
$1 a lb.
75c a lb.
15c a gal.
25c a lb. ,
c a lb.
3i,c a lb.
2c a lb.
2o a lb.
2ft per cent
I -6c a lb.
ca!b.
lea lb.
Sc a lb.
$1 a ton
30 per cent
15c an oz.
15o a sq. ft.
$2 60 a ton
$1 ton
8-lOc a IK
4-lOc a lb.
46 per cent
lc a lb.
30 per cent
8-lno a lb.
7-40o a lb.
1 2-10c a lb.
ic a lb.
jc a lb.
To a lb.
Use a lb.
1 6-Sc a lb.
14o ea. and 15 per cent
10c ea. and IS per cent
4c ea. and 15 per test
lc a lb.
2c a lb.
e a M.
H4c a lb.
5c a foot
fee a foot
6c a foot
20 per cent
25 per cent
liicalb.
10c 100 leaves
Free
Koalb. x
tic a lb.
Icalb.
lca lb.
10 per cent
1 oo-iooc a lb.
40c a bu.
16c a lb.
25c a bu.
5o a bu.
40c a bu.
lc a lb.
25o a cu. ft.
1 M,c a lb.
4c a lb.
4c a lb.
1 V-c a lb.
Ho a lb.
mc a lb.
lo a lb.
l4o a lb.
$2 HO, gal. .
$2.60. gal.
$9.60 a doz.
45c a gal.
45c a gal.
23c a gal.
24c a lb. .
l-6c. No. a lb.
l-5o No. a lb.
c a lb.
10c a lb.
6c a lb.
4c eq. yd. and 80 per o
8a sq. yd. and 30 pere
c a lb. i
2c a lb. ,
4c a lb.
20e a lb.
60 per cent '
60 per cent
8c a wq. yd.
15 per cent
Free
Free
Free
Free
$3.76 ton
Free with coun. duty
Free
85 per cent
60c per M.
70c per doz. pra.
85o per doz. pra.
90o per doz. prs.
$1.25 per doz prs.
&
$4 a ton
$4 a ton
.5-10c a lb.
5 - 10o a lb.
5-10c a lb.
maximum and minimum provision and to
obtain such information relative to the
tariff as he may desire, the new law will
empower the President to employ ex
perts to conduct ench investigations as
he may direct. This provision meets the
President's demand for a tariff commis
sion. Products of the Philippine Islands are
admitted free with certain restrictions on
the quantity of sugar, tobacco and cigars
to be exempt from duty and manufac
tured goods must have not more than 20
per cent of foreign material in them.
The internal revenue tax on tobacco,
cigars and cigarettes is Increased about
one-third and the giving of coupons Is
forbidden.
TIGER WHIPS A LIOIY AT A SHOW.
Fierce Fight In the Presence of Fifteen
Hundred Startled Spectators.
New York World.
While 1500 persons looked on in amaze
ment, a lion and a tiger of the Bostock
animal' show, at Coney Island,- started
fighting about 5 o'clock yesterday after
noon and before they could be separated
the hind quarters of the lion had been
so mangled by his striped companion from
Bengal, he will probably have to be shot.
The shooting of revolvers by trainers
and attendants terrified spectators and
there came very near being a panic. Sev
eral women fainted. One became hy
sterical, and Dr. Smith and two mirses
from the Emergency Hospital had to be
sent for before she could be calmed.
Henry Falkendorph, one of the trainers,
has an act in which he uses seven lions.
About ten days ago he started to train
Mogul, a handsome tiger, which had
never appeared In the arena.
Yesterday afternoon before the lions
were brought to the ring, Falkendorph led
Mogul In with a strong collar around his
neck and a heavy chain about 16 feet
long attached to the collar. This chain
was fastened to the iron bars of the
arena.
The first trick In Falkendorph's act Is a
pyramid built of the seven Hons. One
lion, ' Caesar, refused to leave his pedestal
and Falkendorph fired two blank cart
ridges at him from a revolver.
Prince, another lion, had been snarling
at Mogul, and leaping through the air,
landed on the tiger's back. Though
hampered by the chain the tiger wa4
more than a match for the Hon.
While Falkendorph was trying to pari,
them, Caesar spraruy at the trainer and
tore most of the clothing off his back and
scratched him severely.
Silencing Criticism.
Boston Herald.
"You can say all the slighting things
you please about my headwear," says
Mrs. Whooper, sarcastically, "but It's no
worse for me to have a big hat in thi
afternoon or evening than for you to have
a big head in the morning."
They Didn't Know BIIL
New York Mail.
Yet only a couple of months ago their
were saying In Washington that President
Taft would take no hand In the affair,
and would sign any old tariff bill that
Congress might send up to him.-
Relief to African Fauna.
Indianapolis News.
- It must be a great relief to the fauna
of Africa to learn that the Private Citi
zen is now engaged In shooting ud a few
formal dinners.