8
PORTLAND, OREGON.
B-.E'"2'',? at Oregon. Poatofflc u
Ptira-v luj Matter.
Bubacrtptlon Katra InTariablj la AItucc.
(By Mall.)
P?!!r- Sunday Included, one year 00
t.c ;.' """'" inciuaea. .lx month! 4 25
." . Sunday Included, thran nu.ihi
' r . one year 1 .1
Bunday. one year e'50
Sunday and weekly, one year!. III"." S.SO
(By Carrier.)
nllij" un Included, one year 00
Dally. Bunday Included, one month. . . .74
order". J """'V-8en'1 Prnc money
Sou? ifr",orler or PT'onal check oi
are a. banJ- Stamp., coin or currency
urea, in lull. Including county and atata.
to I" o W page.. 1 cent: 18
double rate. ''" postage
u?rTn "' OfHre The
ro'Trfi'i...?-""1'-- Tor
S. C Ttwlr.
ork. room. 4S-
Trlh. v.. . V" -n.cao. r.
room. 010-613
J"OBTUSD, SATTRDAT,
APRIL s. 1909.
THE QUARREL AS IT STANDS.
Between the protectionists and antl
protectionlst of the Democratic party
there la Increasing acerbiity. Bryan
take, a hand and Tammany takes a
hand and the Democratic sugar-plant-era
of Louisiana and the great Demo
crats of the sugar trust of New York
take a hand and denunciations fly
thick and fast. A large section of the
Republican party, to whom the scheme
of the rabid protectionists Is extremely
distasteful and even odious, mutter
f'roT V'. bVt BrR heId hy Party ties
from actual outbreak for the party
In power always has a cohesiveness,
and an adhesiveness, too, not shared
by the minority In opposition.
,.Thvt,Tnaterlal co"Htlons are always
the basis of party divisions and party
action Is proved once more by the
present agitation of the tariff ques
tion. Abstract Ideas afford no ground
for serious contention; but men will
tight for their 'interests." and while
they flght. wi,, search' for "mora!
principles." to Justify their action.
I he- long contest over slavery in the
United States at bottom was an econo
mic question, for the slave states be
lieved that all their material progress
depended on maintenance of slavery
and a moral philosophy was invented
to support the belief and the action
that resulted from it.
k hIkxTWlBO now' KrorP of People.
.v, .h 8nd South' taklne counsel
of their interests," and framing their
desires to fit them, assert, and prob
ably believe, that the material welfare
of the country depends on mainten
ance of a tariff system that enriches
, themselves, and perhaps their own lo
calities in some degree since it
rorces and sustains certain local In
dustries, though at others- expense.
They have Invented a lot of catch
words about the "high wages" and
high standard of living" that the sys
tem is said to afford, and the "general
prosperity" that Is declared to spring
from It; and from this It Is argued that
It becomes a moral'duty to support so
beneficent a system.
Once more, "the tariff is a local
question." It Is undeniable that the
Democratic party, the foe of pro
jection under the old regime, is now
n many sections of the country chang
ing its attitude. This Is most ob
ervable In several of the Southern
tales and in the City of New York
From these quarters came the forces
that averted the downfall of Speaker
Cannon. Growth of manufacturing
Industry la the cause of these changes
New York, once a free trade city, be
cause It was then merely a commercial
city, or city of exchanges, now Is the
greatest manufacturing center In
America, and soon -will be the great
est in the world. The "Interests" in
New York now want protective tariff;
so Tammany's Influence turns up at
the critical moment for Speaker Can
non. Yet Tammany goes only far
enough to accomplish Its ends. Sulzer.
one of its representatives, is told to
hold to the old faith, while others
Fitzgerald and Harrison are directed
to fall into the protectionist camp,
Tammany expects to hold together by
having men on both sides of the- ques
tion: and enough Southern Democrats
members who find the "interests" of
their districts endangered, are dis
covered, to make the number neces
sary to the quorum; and Bryan starts
his campaign for 1912 by denouncing
Democratic traitors and thundering
against the unholy combination.
Look out. when the voting begms
In the Senate, on the various features
of the bill, for the vote of Senator
Chamberlain, also on the side of the
protected Interests, so as to "save the
Industries of Oregon.
T1IH1FTT LKOl'OLD.
King Leopold of Belgium, aged 74
but still ambitious and thrifty, even
for a King, has announced his Inten
tion of starting, at the end of April
for Siberia and Pekln. calling bv the
way on the frnr, at St. Petersburg.
No explorer, traveling for travel s sake
Li this King, but an investor, who has
. large holdings in Chinese enterprises
and in Belgian concerns that are Inter
ested In Chinese and Japanese Indus
tries. He hopes, by personal contact
of the regal type, to interest Prince
Chun. Regent of China, and the
Mikado, together with the leading men
of their respective empires, for the
promotion of his own personal In
vestments and incidentally for the
trade of Belgium.
Leopold is In some respects the re
verse of creditable, one of the most
spectacular monarchs of Europe. His
jurisdiction over the so-called Congo
Free State, stamps him as at once the
most avaricious and the most cruel
of all the mercenaries that have plun
dered the blacks in Africa In the name
of civilization. If half Is true that has
been told of the cruelties practiced
upon the natives of the Congo by his
soldiers, wringing tribute to his rub
ber Interests in that country, he
should long ago have been deposed
and executed as an Inhuman monster.
Unfortunately, his record as a domes
tic tyrant; as a hushand who, for
years, visited the most bitter persecu
tions upon a singularly amiable and
devoted wife; a father, who denied
his daughter's tearful pleadings to be
allowed to attend the funeral of her
mother, makes more than probable
the truth of the stories of mission
aries of the terrible cruelties imposed
upon men. women and children of the
Congo. The one redeeming feature of
Leopold's life has been his kindness
to his unfortunate sister, the Insane
' Carlotta, f. a brief time titular Em
preaa of Mexico. This unhappy woman,
wife of the "Emperor" Maximilian!
r.. incmaea. one month 75
r.Z ;L" Sunday, one year B OO
r ij w '5out Sunday, aix month. 8 23
'!hout Sunday, three months... 175
whose attempt to establish a European
ujiiELoiy in Mexico, cost him his life,
lost her reason In the same venture
and has been given asylum in a castle
In Leopold's dominions during all the
years that have since passed her
whim of imneriaHstm holnv
by order of her brother through the
establishment of a miniature court
Over Which she. In marl fnnnv
as Empress. With this single excep
tion mai proves mm human. King
Leopold has shown himself enttrely
inhuman, ruthlessly bending every
creature with whom he has associated,
whether In the domestic, social or
business realm, t-n hlo will xrA
In this respect a man after Tsl An's
own neart, tnougn his mission to Pe
kln in nuest nf hntrinua f, v,
and Belgium is more likely to prosper
unaer me rule or Prince Chun than
It would under her regime.
LeODOld Will be. tVlA ti r-n
sovereign to visit as such the courts of
x-em aim iokio, ana ne is likely to
receive a cordial we!
ficia.1 capacity, though the shrewd fi
nanciers oi me orient will doubtless
look COldlv 11-nnn H-m an .
of personal business Interests and for
eign xraae.
Y AXITY OF VANITIKS
Most people agree that women are.
Upon ifhft whole, more HvlltuI thon
men, tout some of the things women do
with a smiling face and nappy air hin
der us from niacins even thHi fan
arda very high. For example, they
Eiiu wear neron plumes on their bon
nets. These plumes are plucked from
the birds at nesting time, and the
death of the old birds naturally causes
the. young to perish from starvation
and cold. Moreover, there is a law
against possessing or selling these
plumes. Nevertheless, as the arrests
which W. L. Finley has made show.
tney ore exposed ror sale in the stores,
and of course they are bought. The
only people who buv thorn are women
The pleasure of wearing a heron
plume in a conspicuous place on their
oonneis outweighs with them all the
suffering which they know the pro
curement of the ornaments has
caused to the young birds.
This fact and many others like it
are interesting when we remember
that women are the leading opponents
of medical experiments on living ani
mals. The thought of causing a little
suffering to a dog or cat for the real
benefit of the human race horrifies
them, but they will serenely permit
hundreds of nesting herons to perish
in misery for the sake of a bunch of
bonnet plumes to gratify their vanity.
What a shining Jewel consistency is.
Philosophers say that we shall never
attain to any substantial advancement
In the regulation of the world until
women take hold of affairs and show
us how to manage them.- With the
fate of the nestling herons in mind,
one hesitates to begin calculating how
long we must wait for the day of jubi
lee, if the philosophers are right.
A BUSD OF SEVTIMKIT AND MONEY.
William D. Corbin. president of the
Kansas City Oil Company, upon being
notified recently , to remove the em
balmed body of his wife's pet dog from
the family burial plot in Sharon Cem
etery, at Mernln, Mo., retorted hotly
that if the doar. his w1f' vmv,Q,irt
for seventeen years, tbat had been duly
emoalmed, placed in a metallic coffin
and burled in his baby's lot had to
be removed, he would disinter and re
move also to some more Christian
burial place the bodies of bis relatives
Including his father, mother, two
brothers and various others and cancel
a gift of J 10,000 which he had set
apart to Sharon Cemetery, adding: "I
would not want to leave the dust of
any of my people in such a commu
nity." Whether the people whose Indigna
tion was aroused because of the al
leged sacrilege to the resting place of
their dead by the burial of this fam
ily pet in a family lot within the
limits of the cemetery will or will not
reconsider their protest in view of Mr.
Oorbln's statement, is not recorded.
The Incident Is Interesting as showing
the radical difference between people
who love dogs and regard the family
dog as the embodiment of faith
fulness and of a dependable value
and entitled to the consideration of
affection, and those who think that a
dog is a dog, to use or abuse, as the
whim of his owner dictates. To the
minds of the first class. Mr. Corbin
has proved himself worthy of his dog;
to those of the last, that the dog was
worthy of his owner.
Dog championship aside. It will
eeem to most people that the com
munity about Sharon Cemetery be
stirred itself in a very small and
wholly inconsequential matter when it
voiced this protest. The episode is
only another verification of the decla
ration that ther- are those who strain
at a gnat and swallow a camel. Money
and sentiment blend In the story in a
degree that would be amusing were it
not in a sense pitiful.
THK BAR SERVICE PROBLEM.
Some features of the communication
of Mr. R. Chilcott. In yesterday's Ore
gonian. are entitled to serious consid
eration. Mr. Chilcott has heard that
the Puget Sound Tugboat Company,
"owned, controlled and operated by
well-trained and experienced men in
that line of business," will continue in
sen-Ice at the entrance of the rjver.
Thus Mr. Chilcott sees an opportunity
ror me fort or .Portland Commission
to "meet the owners of the Puget
Sound Tugboat Company and come to
an understanding by which the busi
ness of the port can be. handled by
the said tugboat company on such
terms and conditions as will be satis
factory to all parties, including the
owners of the vessels who wmM
I to pay for the service." ,
An arrangement of this kind, as
pointed out by Mr. Chilcott, would ob
viate the necessity of spending several
hundred thousand dollars In securing
tugs and equipment for handling the
work, and It Is unquestionably true
that the tugboat people, not being
obliged to maintain a costly staff of
superintendents and assistant superin
tendents, engineers and assistant engi
neers, together with pleasure launches
and obsolete pilot-boats, could handle
the business at less cost than will be
possible by the Port of Portland. In
this respect Mr. Chilcott has the right
Idea; but when he makes the asser
tion that the Puget Sound Tugboat
Company, operating in opposition to
the Port of Portland, would secure 80
per cent of the business, he is sadly in
error.
The tugboat business was practically
forced on the Port of Portland because
this same Captain Bailey, whom Mr.
Chilcott regards as "the peer of any
manager or practical steamboat man
THE MORXIXG OREGOXIAX, SATURDAY. APRJX 3,
in the United States." made so many
iiuieinpui to exact exorbitant toll from
ships coming to this port that our rep
utation was suffering. Unless the
Puget Sound Tugboat Company would
be willing to give bonds for Captain
Bailey's good behavior, it would be"
useless to discuss any alliance by
which our shipping should again be
placed at his mercy. In view of the
start we have made on the salary list,
and the ambitious plans for boats and
equipment. It Is a foregone conclusion
that a practically managed towboat
company could make money in towing
ships at a rate which would show a
loss for the Port of Portland.
Towing, however, is only one branch
of the business. Our commerce has
suffered more from an unsatisfactory
pilotage service than from the actions
of Captain Bailey as a tugboat man.
There seemed to be no way in which
the pilotage trouble could be reached
except by taking over both towage and
pilotage, the former being an unwel
come attachment of the latter. If the
Puget Sound Tugboat Company, which
is exceptionally well equipped for
handling the business. Is so anxious to
engage in towing on the Columbia bar
that it will agree to maintain present
rates, and will not "hold up" shipping,
there might be an opportunity for the
Port of Portland to secure, for noth
ing, improved conditions at the river
entrance, for which we are ready, if
necessary, to spend considerable
money. 1
Portland demands a. good pilotage
and towage service on the bar. Wo
would like to secure this at the least
possible cost, but the cost will not be
permitted to stand in the way of se
curing it. Before indulging In any
cut-rate performances. It might be
well for the Puget Sound Tugboat
Company to confer with the Port of
Portland. For obvious reasons, It
might also be well to leave "the peer
of any manager or practical steamboat
man in the United States" at home on
Puget Sound.
JOAN OF ARC.
Joan of Arc has been an Interesting
figure ever since the enigmatic events
of her life occurred. The literature
which deals with her history and
character from one point of viey and
another is among the most extensive
and varied in the world. Voltaire and
Shakespeare made her the subject of
ribald ridicule. Schiller wrote one of
his finest plays with Joan for the
heroine, and from bis hands she came
forth as pure and beautiful as the
white-robed seraphs. Michelet's little
life of the maid is an example of
French enthusiasm. The new biogra
phy of her by Andrew Lang takes the
view which would be most natural to a
Scotchman of mystical tastes. He says
in effect that Joan was a hysterical
patient whose extraordinary deeds
were more or less inspired by her sub
liminal self. On the other hand, Ana
tole France, whose "Vie de Jeanne
d'Arc'" has Just been translated,
takes the position that she was a
beautiful but half-witted girl whom
shrewder people used as a tool. There
is no hope whatever that historians
and men of letters will ever come to
an agreement about the Maid of Or
leans.
Her brief Mfe ran its course in the
first quarter of the fifteenth century,
a time of almost universal human mis
ery, when the whole earth was devas
tated by wars, tortured by superstition
and harassed by hunger. The air was
full of evil spirits, the land was beset
by armed men. Religion had degen
erated to a mere mass of Incantations.
It was perhaps the darkest period of
the dark ages, the black moment just
before dawn. England was on the
Verge of the Wars of the Roses, fol
lowing the civil dissensions which
brought Henry IV to the throne. His
son,- Shakespeare's "Mad Hal," had
conquered a large part of France
which his premature death left to the
infant Henry VI. During .the regency
which followed things went badly both
In England and France. Before the
child King could be crowned In Paris
Joan of Arc appeared, raised the siege
of Orleans, which tbe English had in
vested, marched victoriously to
Rheims, where she saw the French
crown safely placed on the head of
Charles VII, and recovered the greater
part of her country from the English
invaders. How the ignorant peasant
girl accomplished these marvels has
been one of the mysteries of the ages.
Her father was a laborer. She was
born in a remote part of France, far
from the seat of the war and sur
rounded with a densely benighted
peasantry. Schooling she had none.
But for all that, at the age of 18 she
led the armies of her country to vic
tory in the depths of national despair
and re-established the tottering dy
nasty of the house of Valois. It Is in
credible that she was a mere tool. To
the modern mind it is equally incredi
ble that she was inspired either by the
Almighty or by the devil. The only
tenable theory about her is that she
was a person gifted with the power of
auto-suggestion. The voices which she
heard urging her to leave home and
take cpmmand of the army were from
her own subliminal self. Her vivid
fancy objectified them, to use the jar
gon of the psychologists, and then she
fell under the delusive spell of her
own work. About all this there Is
nothing wonderful when we consider
the condition of Joan's environment.
Michelet tells us that It was a time of
sorcery and inspiration. Miracles were
happening all over France. Peoplo
were prophesying, healing the sick,
working the Incantations of witchcraft.
The extreme misery of the country ta,ad
brought forth morbid psychic phe
nomena, as such misery always does,
both in communities and individuals.
Everybody knows that revivals suc
ceed best in hard times. Material exi
gency even, when not very severe, de
velops occult waves from the sublim
inal. During prolonged fasting men
are subject to visions. Hallucinations
haunt them. They prophesy and
sometimes work miracles. Suffering
carried to a certain point seems to de
stroy the inhibitory powers of tbe con
scious mind and permit the subcon
scious to surge up into the real world
with fantastic luxuriance of manifes
tations. it is absurd to raise the question of
Joan's sincerity. Psychopathic pa
tients are always sincere. Nor is it
certain that she deluded herself. We
know so little about the hidden world
which flowed through the door of her
bewildered intelligence that nobody Is
safe in dogmatizing about It. That
J her character was completely untar-
nisnea is certain. The tales about her
which the English Invented to excuse
burning her at the stake are worthy of
the barbarous character of her judges
and the times they lived in, but the ra
tional modern mind finds them abhor
rently mendacious. The church whose
officials helped condemn and murder
this unfortunate girl has since canon
ized her, and there Is no doubt that
she adorns the calendar of the saints.
France, which deserted her in the
hour of her need, has since accepted
her as a national genius. Voltaire's
wretched fictions concerning her could
not be published in the France of to
day, while, if Shakespeare were to re
appear and put her. in another niov
she would figure as something very
uiiLerenx irom the slatternly "Pucelle"
of his "Henry VI."
The. world has never been very kind
to its women benefactors. It has
treated them even worse than it has
the poets and prophets of tha h.
sex- Women who have -distinguished
metnaeives in any way bave consist
ently been targets for maligmnent,
from Sappho to Queen Elizabeth, from
Semiramls to Dr. Mary Walker. The
male resents the intrusion of the fe
male into war, literature or art, and
revenges himself by the easy expedient
of slander. Still, in the long run the
slander dies and the true character of
the woman emerges. Perhaps in an
other thousand years we shall know
what kind of a woman Queen Eliza
beth really was. Few sensible people
longer entertain much doubt about
Joan of Arc.
The Marathon race has, like other
extreme tests of physical endurance,
grown Into an abuse that has In some
Instances resulted seriously. Proof of
this Is abundant and incontrovertible.
A late example is that of a lad of
Spokane. 10 years old. who ran five
miles, dropped exhausted upon the
grouna at the end, perspiring freely,
became rigid from reaction and died
three weeks later as a result. Boys
of that age, and indeed, of any age,
are wholly without judgment in mat
ters which call for tests of physical
endurance, and should be instructed
not to undertake such tests unsuper
vised. The "Marathon spirit" has at
tained the extreme of folly in many
places. Since couriers are not needed
in these days to carry important tid
ings, tlje strain upon school boys to
develop speed is useless. As attested
by the above incident, which Is but
one of many of slightly variant de
tails, it is unwise to- urge or even to
encourage tests of physical endurance
that unsupervised are more than likely
to lead to disastrous results.
There Is protest in Baker papers
against calling their town "Baker
City." It is a protest well made. Call
the city Baker. "Baker City" belittles
It. Baker is getting to be a mighty
fine town. City and county perpetuate
the name of a great orator the great
est whom the Pacific Coast ever knew
and of a great patriot, who gave his
life for the cause of freedom and for
perpetuation of a single nationality
within the territory of the United
States. Baker, born in London,
matchless orator,, enthusiastic patriot,
who gave his life for support of the
ideal of America Baker, Oregon
will keep his name, always on the
tongues of men. Don't call it "Baker
City." -
Cottage Grove will put into circula
tion a petition for creation of Nesmith
County. The county will be formed
of portions of Lane and Douglas the
larger parts from Lane. It will be easy
to get names enough for the initiative
petition, and. the, electors of the, state
will probably grant it. The Oregonian
will -support it, as far as It can
largely because it ' wants to' honor
the name of Nesmith. The next effort
should be like honor for the name of
Williams when the people want a
new county.
Death - removes Major N. A. Cor
noyer, one of the early settlers of
Oregon-T-for the last 4 8 years a res
ident of Umatilla County. In 1850
he, came to Oregon and took up his
residence in Marion County, where he
married. For several years he was
Indian Agent at the Umatilla Reser
vation. He was a very active man,
till recent years, and - few In "Old
Oregon" were more widely known. He
was a native of Illinois and was 88
years of age last November.
Democrats are scrambling to get all
the hooks they can into the tariff
pork bar"l. They did the same thing
back in , Cleveland's administration,
and Cleveland scored their doings as
acts of perfidy and dishonor." No im
provement yet.
A Seattle woman got a divorce yes
terday on the plea that she had not
had a good night's sleep during her
eighteen months of married life. The
snoring of her spouse annoyed her.
That was all.
The steamer Kennedy, Portland
built, Is fastest on Puget - Sound. Be
fore her, the Flyer was fastest. Puget
Sound can still rejoice, however, be
cause the Flyer was also built In Port
land. -
It would seem that the Mayor ought
not be so severely censured for the
acts of his moral squad of police;
for since the Waymlre outrage he evi
dently feels the necessity of enforcing
moral reform to the limit. -
"How to Make a Newspaper" is the
title - of an amateur essay. But It
doesn't tell how. There is only one
way to make a newspaper. That is to
work like Heven Blazes.
Two things, says Burke, seem not
to have been given to man namely,
to tax and to please and to love and
be wise. That's the quarrel now over
the tariff bill.
Of course, if Fulton should get that
Job, the lawyers boosting for the other
candidates would be very happy to
congratulate the court.
When, Senator Chamberlain begins
to play politics with Representative
Ellis the bleachers are full of spec
tators. Really, now, why should a man who
bolted the regular ticket two years ago
have harder sledding than one who
bolted four or six years ago?
They spoke of Pike Davis as a Joke,
but they could go farther and fare
worse. Possibly they will.
The trouble with most candidates
for Mayor is that their friends are
more tender-hearted than serious.
Speaking of regular and straight
Republicans, In the fight for Mayor,
who are they?
1909.
EVOHTIOX OF" RELIGION.
Eve Ike Nuu f Chrtatlnntty May
Iaaa Away.
Chicago Tribune. March 29.
Orthodoxy might as well prepare for
another shock. It Is on the way. It is
coming frbm the University of Ohicago;
from trio divinity school of the uni
versity at that.
Dr. George Burman Foster, professor I
of the philosophy of religion, who
aroused a storm of criticism a year or
so ago by his book. "The Finality of
the Christian Religion," has a new
book now In press which is still more
radical.
Although Dr. Foster is a Baptist ho
preaches every Sunday in Third
Unitarian Church. His sermon yester
day was a chapter from his forthcom
ing book. His subject was "The Place
of Jesus in the Religion of Modern
Man. He spoke of Christianity as a
religion which In time to come may die
as other religions have and yet the
world art that time, he said, will be
more Christian than it is now. Even
Jesus, himself. If now on earth, he said
would pursue a far different course
than he. pursued 1900 years ago.
Turning: Prom Dead Dcmai.
In the course of his sermon, he said:
'Jesus faced forward. He said
nothing of a lost paradise or of a
fallen Adam or of a golden age in the
past; nothing of the glory of the sun
that was set. Were he alive today
he would, not copy the Jesus of old. He
who said then 'Let the dead past bury
Its dead.' and 'Put not a new wine into
old bottles.' "I am come to set a man at
variance with his father,' and who con
demned hlrrcki-lv th.
, -J " ui ms
past who were not creators of a future.
us i want up ana a own our earth
tOdaV. WOlllri turn dwdV j
dogmas, injurious survivals, meanlng-
t.oiuiua, monouna cnurches. and
make a new future, recreate life, re
lease the spirit, and trust a God that
loves today.
The new World Innor .
uld not be ours as a gift even from
him. In the nature of tha .
lust.make it ourselves. And we are
Ot in a nnltln.i n . i. . -
could d this should science conclude
that he never lived at all.
Christianity May Pass Away.
"A billion VMra ViAnoA fViA
condition of the race may be conceiv-
TvT nuove ours as ours Is above
oio.iu ot me savages that roamed
the Ti vi rri m-o 1 ?a..ao,. a a .
- - . aiiu desus ot
Nazareth? Is it inconceivable that at
"""" ruiure time the human
beings then alive will know as little
about him and our specific form of
religion as we know about the religion
of the dwellers in Atlantis or any other
submerged land.
Is it inconceivable that the name of
Christianity shall have passed away?
And Vet Ml Jl V .nnt tha wn 1 V,
- . w . lri u luurq
Christian then than now, have more
i-aiLii. nope ana love, be more sure of
the fatherly God. of a brotherly man, of
an .eternal It f r nf a r,,inAaAi u
May not the stream of spiritual influ
ence continue to deepen and widen
eVAn thOllch tllO Bnr(n T . . J t- v
uao j . i uutiii
forgotten ?"
Similar View by an Agnostic.
Somewhat In oi'i.nr 1 1 1. rt. T7- ,
views were the following words dellv-
y jh- -at. juangasarlan. an avowed
agnostic, in his morning address to the
Independent Religious Society.
"Morality is independent of religion.
Indeed, morality Is the better religion.
There may come a time when people
shall no longer believe in Mohammed.
Buddha, Moses, or Jesus. But there
never can come a time when people
Shall lose faith In tha u - . T , -
... suwu, ,ue nue,
and the beautiful.
To, morality is not dying because
people are losing faith in Judaism and
Christianity. A nobler religion Is tak
ing the place of the old ones, which
will reconcile the Catholic with the
Protestant thA . .Taw with ' .n
and change the world's discord into
POLICEWOMEK TO Cl'RB MASHERS
Enterprising Town of Dei Moines, Ia
Undertakes Daring Experiment.
Washington (D. C.) Post
The startling statement Is made that
the police force of Des Moines, Iowa,
is to be increased by policewomen. They
are to be employed for the sole purpose
of suppressing the mashers, who have
become intolerable nuisance's in the
Iowa city. There are no particulars
given as to the requirements of candi
dates for places on the force under this
new order of things whether they are
to be young or pretty, fair or dark,
tall or short, or If there Is to be any
question of age.
There will be conjecture and anxiety
in plenty about the uniforms for the
female adjunct to Des Moines' blue
coats, one can conceive that hel
mets, long coats and trousers will be
insisted UDon. Merry widows, dlrectoire
gowns and parasols of brilliant hue. In
stead of clubs would be more effective.
Thus attired and armed, the young
ladies on their beats could entice and
cajole and make captives much easier
than by using blackjacks and nippers.
There would be no question of the suc
cess of such a flirting squad. But the
plans should Include provision also for
a few hardy women, of stern visage
and trained muscles, to make actual
strong-armed arrests. What's the mat
ter of Carnje Nation for captalness?
The old ones inured to affrays and of
tough fiber could make the arrests
after the cases of mashing had been
worked up by the winsome lasses of
the force. '
Simple tarn o'shanters, jerseys of
coarse canvas, short divided skirts and
axes for the husky old girls, and the
daintiest of headgear. Parisian-made
dresses, high-heeled slippers and violet
badges for the come-on beauty squad.
Wouldn't that keep the patrol wagons
busy?
This police innovation at Des Moines
will agitate the policemen, mashers
and mashees of every other community
in the United States. If the scheme
should prove a success, flirting squads
and fierce officerettes will become as
common as lampposts.
The Democratic Row at Washington.
New Tork Evening Post.
. For a party so seemingly habituated to
anarchy and dissension, the Democrats at
Washington are taking their latest split
quite bitterly. Regulars and Insurgents,
when they meet, snarl at each other!
Several fist-fights have been narrowly
averted. Old friendships have been brok
en. Irate Congressmen bid each other
go to places where the tariff on wool Is
not an Issue of primary interest. The gods
that hate traitors, quitters and mugwumps
are being assiduously invoked. The ques
tion is, how much of this righteous Indig
nation is sincere, how much k put on for
the purpose of giving the people at home
shattering proof of the indignant one's
own regularity? How. for instance, shall
we interpret the wrath of Mr. Sulzer, who
holds his place in fee from Charles F
Murphy, against Francis Burton Harrison
who holds from the same overlord and
very probably acted under his suzerain's
directions? Did Sulzer defy his master and
Harrison obey? Or did Mr. Murphy choose
Just enough black sheep to help out Mr.
Cannon, letting the rest of the flock
walk spotless in their virtue? There are
diplomatic enmities. Just as there are
diplomatic friendships. Have there not
been statesmen who have hewn and
stabbed lustily and then written letters
saying. "My dear Jones, when can you
come up here to lunch with me?"
COLLEGE BOTS LARGE PHYSICALLY
Love of AtMettca Is Breeding- a r.,,
of America. Glnntaw
New Tork World.
The American citizen of the future is
to be a giant, according to the statis
tics of the athletic Instructors, while
his sister is to be a very sturdy lassie.
ur. Born, medical director of the
Yale gymnasium, made public yesterday
the 108 statistics of development in
the university. For the comparisons 600
athletes from the" crew, the football
and baseball teams, the track men and
tne student athletes generally ware
measured.
The general average is compared
with the averages taken in 190S. and
the 1908 averages are generally higher
than had been anticipated. The new
college man has grown an inch and
one-nair m Ave years. He has gained
27 pounds In weight, and has 72 cubic
Inches more lung capacity than his
prototype of five years before.
The list bears out the .assertion, com
monly made during recent years, that
the American man was becoming great
er physically than any known race of
men have ever been.
The comparative measurements given
out by Dr. Born are:
TT.l-h. ' - 10S. - 1003.
S?? 9.9 in. S8.4 In.
JVelght ... 170.5 lbs. 149 lbs.
'" "K capacity 314 cu. j7, cu ln
Shoulder. 17 ,n le i ,n
oSf, 15 ln- '! m.
t nest -........, 888 In 35 in
Inspiration I 4o!l In! J7.S in.
S,alst 81- In. 29.7 ln.
Bleep. . in. 13.1 in.
Right calf 14.8 in. 14.2 In.
The most thorough tests made in
this country were published ten years
ago. when statistics were taken from
many sources showing the gradual In
crease in height and weight of Ameri
can men and women.
Then the average height was found
to be about 68 1-2 Inches; chest meas
urement, 3S Inches; wiih inflated chest,
40 inches; waist. 28 Inches; hip. 32
inches; thigh, 21 1-2 Inches; calf,
14 1-2 Inches, and weight. 160 pounds.
Then It was said that a glance over
20.000 college men showed an average
increase in weight for 40 years of three
pounds and an average Increase in
height of an inch, with the freshmen
classes showing two inches better
average than their fathers had shown.
The average was likewise shown to
have gained an Inch ln height and five
pounds ln weight.
GLOWIXG PICTURE OF THE CATV AL
Panama Enterprise Will Open Many
New Markets.
From Putnam's Magazine.
In the foreground is the cyclonic boost
whtch It will give the American cotton
and iron markets. The Southern cotton
growers now reach the Asiatic ports by
the cumbersome route of the Suez Canal
by way of New York. Zigzag distances
and smothering freight charges are de
vouring the item of profit. Europe, with
the key to the situation. Is slowly turning
it in the lock against American compe
tition. The Panama Canal would revolutionize
these conditions with the wrench of a
Kansas cyclone. South America spends
$86,000,000 each year for cotton. Only 6
per cent of this amount goes to the
United States. The remainder Is cornered
by the European exporters, who prac
tically hold the west coast of South
America at their mercy through the less
ened expense of transportation. The
Panama Canal would reverse this situ
ation like the change of slides ln a stere
opticon. Iron can bo produced more cheaply at
Birmingham, Ala., than at any other
point in the world, but the barrier of
transportation makes its sale meager and
unprofitable in the great Asiatic and
South American markets. The machinery
of the Tennessee mills, the steel and
hardware from the other Southern States,
would be doubled ln output could they
be economically marketed on the othe
side of the world. This Is impossible
now. In the Panama Canal lies the
magic wand which will make it pos
sible. The big ditch at Panama will solve the
forestry problem from one point of view.
The building lumber of the Western
coast is beyond the reach of the Eastern
markets because of the excessive freight
charges. The cost of water transportation
is one-fifth that of the overland route.
With the ocean itinerary opened by the
Panama Canal, another segment of the
Industrial revolution is unfolded.
Indefinitely its field could be lengthened
to the items of coal, fruits, cereals, fish,
grain, manufactured goods in general and
particular, and even the broadening pos
sibilities before the American shipbuilder.
With an Inland canal from the Great
Lakes to the Mississippi and the deepen
ing of the passageway to the Gulf, the
dream of an ocean greyhound floating
majestically southward from Duluth to
Colon, and thence through the Panama
Canal to the countless ports of the Pa
cific is easy of accomplishment.
And who can measure the golden trail
In its wake?
PENSIONS PAID IS SILVER.
Tons of It Paid Out Through the
British Poatofftcc.
Dundee Advertiser.
A sum of 146,500 in half-crowns, two
shilling pieces, shillings and sixpenses has
now to be provided each week by the
Postmaster-General, and paid over the
counters ' of more than 23,000 thousand
postofflces to the recipients of old-age
pensions.
The greatness of the task involved by
this distribution of silver is suggested by
three simple calculations. The silver coins
paid over the postoffice counters through
out the country number close upon 2,000,
000 a week; If packed in the canvas bags
in which bankers send out flOO worth of
silver, they would more than fill the 70
ton railway trucks; by the end of the year
the Postmaster-General will have collect
ed and paid out silver coins to the weight
of more than 800 tons.
At St. Martin's-le-Grand a number of
schedules have been compiled. They show
the exact amount of silver required each
week throughout the country. By an ar
rangement which he has arrived at with
the principal banking-houses the Postmaster-General
pays into the Bank of
England checks for varying sums, and
these are immediately placed to their
credit as occasion demands, whereupon
they advance. through their country
branches, what silver the local postmas
ter may require to pay the pensioners.
Senator Root, of Garden Seed Fine.
Washington (D. C.) Correspondence.
Elihu Root, now Senator from New
Tork, until lately Secretary of State,
seems to enjoy his new Job and to be
getting much satisfaction -out of filling
the ' shoes recently worn by Thomas
Collier Piatt.
Mr. Root has one of the new offices
in the Senate office building, and
spends more or less time there looking
after the wishes of constituents, such
as the quest of Ambassadorships and
the sending out of garden seeds.
The ex-Secretary of State takes a
good deal of exercise and can often
be seen walking from the Capitol down
Pennsylvania avenue.
Jim Was In Peril.
Tit-Bits (London).
Yorkshire farmer (bursting Into village
Inn) What do you think, Silas? The
bones of a prehistoric man have been dis
covered on Jim White's farm.
Innkeeper Great Gosh! I hope poor
Jlm'il be able to clear hlsself at the Cor
oner's Inquest.
FHTTR CETrrotlES OF JOH.Y CALVIN
Grcnt Genlna and Wonderful Person,
nitty of the Man.
Rochester Post-Express.
This year. 1909. is extraordinarily rich
In the centenaries. Several great poets
and men of science saw the light of day
hundred years ago. But if we are
permitted to -celebrate not merely bi
centenaries, and tricentenaries, but also
quarto-centenaries, we must this year
honor the memory of Calvin, the great
reformer. It Is desirable to view great
men impartially and without any political
or sectarian bias. We may not sympa
thize with Calvin's religious tenets; but
we must admire th j
., - Q..i.i,a uiu Hie tier.
onality of the man.
John Calvin was born at Noyon. in
r,Ldy- ,JU'y 10' 1S09' He was ihe son
of Gerard Cauvln or Caulvln. of which
name Calvin is the Latinized form a
register of the government of Noyon.
solicitor ln the ecclesiastical court, fiscal
agent of the county, secretary of the
bishopric and attorney of the cathedral
chapter. Calvin's mother was Jeanne Le
Franc of Cambria, noted for her beauty
and also for her religious zeal. He was
the second of hla parents' five sons, and
but one of his younger brothers survived
childhood. His mother died while he was
lu'te young and his father married a
widow, who bore him two daughters.
Calvin's father gave all his surviving
sons a good education. At the early age
of 12, Calvin obtained the chaplaincy at
tached to the altar of La Geslne. .In the
cathedral of Noyon a puzzling fact, but
It was probably assigned to him through
some ecclesiastical influence on the un
derstanding that he would become a
priest. In 1523 he went to Paris to pre
pare for the priesthood. He attended tha
College de la Marche. and was tausht
Latin by Mathurln Cordier. He subse
quently attended the College de Mon
taigu. His youth was free from anv ig
noble tendencies, and his clerical friends
thought very highly of htm. In 1S27 he
was given the curacy of St. Martin de
Marthevllle in addition to the chaplaincv
he already held. This position he ex
changed on June 6. 1529, for the curacy
of Pont l'Eveque. a village near Novon.
....... i I. .. wii.ii ins ancestors, wno were
boatmen on the Oise.
.
In 1528 Calvin's father had a quarrel
with the ecclesiastical authorities In
Noyon, and ordered him to give up the
priesthood ln favor of the legal profes
sion. Calvin unhesitatingly obeyed and
went to Orleans to study law. At that
time the University of Orleans was a
celebrated place for legal studies, the
lecturer. Pierre Taisin de l'Estoile. be
ing, one of the most eminent professors
of the day. He next went to Bouxges,
where he attended the lectures of An-drae-
Alciati. In both universities ha
came under the Influence of the human
ist, Melchoir Wolmar. who sympathized
with the reformation. Calvin's father
died ln 1531. and he then returned to
Paris, where, after his father's inter
ment, he devoted himself for a time to
the study of classics and Hebrew. In
1632 he went back to Orleans . to resume
his legal studies. His popularity with
his fellow students may he gathered from
the fact that they elected him their
"annual representative." In April, 1532,
he published at his own expense the
text of Seneca's "De Clementia" with a
commentary. The nature of his com
ments on the work showed that he was
still a humanist. Gradually, but slowly,
he was drawn toward the reformed doc
trines with his bosom friend, Nicholas
Cop. When Cop was elected rector of
the University of Paris, he delivered an
inaugural address on "Christian Philoso
phy." by which, he explained, he meant
the gospel. The burden of the address
was on the relation of the law and the
gospel, and the lecture showed not mere
ly the Influence of Luther and of Eras
mus, but of another who was destined
to be afterward famous. John Calvin.
Cop referred to the theologians of Sar
bonne as "sophists." . This aroused ec
clesiastical indignation. The government
interfered and Cop had to fly from Paris.
Calvin also fled, because his close inti
macy with Cop was known. He again
returned, but anticipating arrest, he be
came a wanderer and for a long time
lived under an assumed name. He went
first to Angouleme. where he studied ln
the excellent library of his friend, Louis
de Tlllet, and began writing his "Insti
tutes." He then went to Nerae. where
Marguerite d'Angouleme. Duchess of
Berry and sister of Francis I of France,
held her court. In May, 1534. he re
turned to Noyon, where he was Impris
oned. In the closing part of that year
he went again to Paris, and then for
the first time he met Servetus. He now
wrote his "Psychopannwchla," a refuta
tion of the theory that the soul sleeps
between death and the last Judgment.
He was at Angouleme in December. 1534.
and removed thence with Du Fillet to
Strasburg to escape persecution.
The -Institutes of the Christian Re
ligion" were published in 1636. It was
prefaced by a letter to King Francis
I of France, who, though a persecutor
of Protestants In France, was friendly
with them outside. Farel. who had
won the people of Geneva to the Ref
ormation. Invited Calvin to. reside
there. He was. however, driven with
Farel from that city by the General
Assembly ln 1538. In Strasburg he
became minister of the French refu
gees. In 1540 he married Idelette de
Bure, widow of an Anabaptist from
Liege. She bore a son to Calvin, who
lived only a few days. She died ln
1549. Calvin never married again. A
change having taken place ln the gov
ernment of Geneva, Calvin was invited
to go back. He became the spiritual
ruler of Geneva. From that time Ge
neva was his home, his parish and
his Intellectual center. We know that
he taught the doctrine of predestina
tion. The Genevans regard this doc
trine as the cornerstone of faith. He
laid down that "the church is our
mother," and that outside of the church
there is no salvation. He maintained
that church and state should be sepa
rated. His sincerity and moral cour
age cannot be questioned. Calvin
was accused of Arianism by a French
refugee named Carolt. But the Ge
nevan divines upheld Calvin and Carol!
was banished. Bolsec. who denied
predestination, was Imprisoned and
banished. Servetus. who accused Cal
vin of perfidious, tyrannical and un
christian conduct, was burned at the
stake for heresy. This is the one
great blot on Calvin's career. His
moral nature was pure. His Intel-,
lectual endowments were great. But
it was an age of persecution and Cal
vin was unfortunately tainted with the
fury which made men. when opposed
in religion, pursue each other with
vindictive hate. The reformer died ln
Geneva on May 27. 1564. The "Insti
tutes" must be pronounced, of Its kind,
a theological masterpiece. In appear
ance Calvin was of medium height,
with a prominent nose, a lofty fore
head and flaming eyes. He was a
genuine enthusiast, but his life teaches
us that since his day we have become
more humane, whatever may be our
drawbacks from a religious standpoint.
The "Nigger" Behind Ship Subsidy.
Buffalo (N. Y.) Times.
Plainly the Merchant Marine League
has forgotten the lesson read It two or
three weeks ago by Banker Henry
Clews, when he exposed the sham of
all this hue and cry about America
having no merchant ships. "The Amer
ican flag does not wave from the mast
head of anything In the way of an
American merchant marine." moan the
subsidy propagandists. No; the Amer
ican flag does not. and that Is exactly
the trouble. We are sailing American
owned ships under foreign flags, and
we are doing it because if the real
strength of the American merchant ma
rine were known there would be an
end to any pretext for ship subsidy.