T1TE MORXIXG OREGOXIAN. TUESDAY, DECE3IBER 29, 1903.
-RTI.ANI, UKWiON-
KnkTfl at Portland, Oreson. Postofnca as
Fecond-'las Matter.
toubcrH.tloii Klr-lnriably In Advance.
(By Mail
Uaily. Sunday Included.-one yaar. ?
Liailv Similar included, aia months.... 4
La lv sun'Hv Included, three montna . . . 1-J
JjallV. Sundnv included, one month .
l;ail. ltnom Hun.'.ay. 'r !'' I,?
Had.-. .tl...i:t Sunday. :x month..... :?
Ijaiiv. without Sunday, three months.. !.
X.i i; v. without Sunday, one month .
VV-ily. .me y.-ar
fiiin lnv. one vnr r '. -
Ku.iday and Weekly. on year
(Hf farrier, I
Da-.lv Snndav ln. lu.:-i. one year.. 9 n"
riailv. Sun.ia included, one month .
How to Kemll -Send po.tof " "ny
r,l-r eM"- "rder "r Personal cheek on
V" -r l ..a hank. Stampa. coin or currency
i,e at t,w s-tder-s risk. (Jive "?'"'' ad-dr-'a
in full, melfdina county and state.
1'o.taar Rale 1" to II pan"- 1 cent: 1
to Ti" " " .-.-nts: 30 to 44 .an-s. 1 cenu;
, , pases. I cents. Foreign postage
KalTte"K...!ne. Office The 8. t Beck-
w, " ..Hl Ai.-et.cy- New York. room.
?t. Tril.une building. Chicago, rooms alO-612
Trlhui.' bultding
IOKTI.AM. TUESDAY. IKf. t9. 1808.
THK AKMAIS AM) TRAIN I.OAIWI.
This city Is bringing in every day
from the East carloads and carload
of poultry, eggs and butter, of cured
meats and canned foodstuffs, without
nd. It Is inconceivable that tnts
should continue much longer.
The main reason why It has contin
ued so long is this, namely, that men
and women will not work in our Pa
cific state a they work in the states
East on the Atlantic divide. Emplojera
here who try to do things cannot ob
tain steady or efficient labor. The
wan who tries to get his sheep cared
for. his cucumber field tended and the
product picked when It ought to be
i.icked; his cows milked early in the
Jnorning: his horses kept in proper
condition for work; his fruit right.y
cultivated and handled, and his pigs
Srown and fattened on the general pro
duce or refuse thrown off by the farm,
his fences kept in order, so that his
own animals cannot escape, nor the
animals of others enter his premises
puch man finds he cannot get the farm
help he requires. Such as he may
get is indolent and inefficient, cant
le depended on, "goes off to town,
expecting help from the Y. M. I . A.,
from the Salvation Army or comfort
from windy politicians; and the
farmer finds it impossible to get an
hing done on his place, beyond vvhat
lie can do with his own hands. Men
vork as little as possible; they desire
lo work when they do work, in log
ping and railroad and mining camps
on the eight-hour b.-sis. and to call
for their time" when they want to
quit and go to town." where they ex
pect to find politicians and preachers
und newspapers telling them how
l-orelv oppressed they are, and advis
ing them to stand up for their rights,
tdnce they are the backbone of the
Nation:
. Meantime from states where men
find women are willing to work, and
do work, we are bringing into our
nates of the Pacific Northwest car
loads and carloads and trainloads
very dav of food products which
these states could produce, by steady
industrv. more easily and in greater
abundance than the states from which
we carry them. Hut there is reason to
believe that within the next decade or
two people here will become willing
to work as they do in Iowa, in Illinois
ttnd in Missouri. This industry will
vome about all the quicker if mistaken
pity shall cease, if free dinners shall
be denied, and men told that Just
what they need to bring them to their
senses, and to comfort too. is hunger
and want or shelter. In this country
no able-bodied man has any right to
complain that he is In want and out
of work. In every case such man has
refused to work when he could.
Impossibility of obtaining labor for
work in the country will compel our
farmers and land-owners t sell oft
all the land they cannot cultivate
themselves. Under conditions exist
ing now. in our Northwest States, the
farmer cannot hire labor or help on
which he can depend, and at wages he
can afford to pay. Importation of
food products, therefore, into this
greatest of food-producing regions,
will continue yet for years. It will
stop as soon as people are willing to
work here on the same terms and
condition as in the states on the
farther slope; and not till then. Mean
time "charity" for able-bodied idlers
augments the evil. .
TAKING CAKE IN LEGISLATION.
There are a few large subjects to
which the Legislature should give
very careful attention, and for that
reason it is desirable that the time
of the members be not taken up with
the usual number of small and unim
portant measures, most of which go
down to defeat In the end for want of
merit. The general complaint against
the initiative and referendum Is that
under its provisions too many meas
ures are presented and the people
cannot and do not give them the con
Flderatlon they demand and. therefore,
an Intelligent vote upon them cannot
be had. This complaint applies with
Just as much force to an ordinary
session of the Legislature. Every man
who has attended a session of the
Legislature knows that not one mem
ber in five reads all the bills or knows
their contents. With a large number
of hills before him. the best a member
can do is skim hastily through them,
getting a very general and incomplete
understanding of the purpose and
prohpble effect of each. Under such
conditions wise legislation can no
more be expected than under an over
worked initiative system.
As a general rule it may be said
that, if there Is need for legislation of
a particular character, there will be
a recognizable public demand for It.
Unless there is such a demand, it is
safe to assume that the state will suf
fer little without the legislation. But
however that may be. it is better to
give thorough consideration to a few
measures of great importance than to
spend most of the time of the session
calling the roll on the question of
suspension of the rulea In order that
unimportant bills may be read a sec
ond time by title only. If the time of
a member of the Legislature is worth
anything at all. it Is too valuable to
he spent listening to meaningless roll
calls. Yet this useless proceeding is
necessary If members introduce bills
v. hich have no particular merit aris
ing out of a public need.
Water - legislation alone, if acted
upon understanding", will require
r.iany days of study on the part of
the average legislator, for it is a sub
ject to which comparatively few have
given attention. It seems to be gen
erally screed that this session of the
Lt g'slatui e will pass some kind of a
water law with a view to securing to
the state the control of unappropri
ated water and for the purpose of
establishing a system by which the
njnuual jt unused water 4a ev stream
may be determined. Legislation of
this ktnd must of necessity affect the
several sections of the state differ
ently, for climatic conditions vary
widely. The city member, who knows
little or nothing about irrigation farm
ing or farming of any kind, will find
the' water problem al perplexing as
will the member from the farming
districts of the Willamette Valley
where Irrigation ditches are practi
cally unknown. Each must take time
to Investigate the subject if he would
act wisely. This Is probably the most
Important of a number of measures
which It is known will be before the
Legislature and it Is very essential that
time be not wasted on trivial matters.
The flood of bills has been so large
at some sessions of the Legislature
that as a remedy It has been suggested
that all bills should be submitted to a
special committee for approval before
being introduced. This is manifestly
impracticable, however, and would be
a dangerous practice to establish.
Each member should consider him
self under obligation to pass upon the
merits of a bill before introducing it,
and. if he finds it unnecessary, should
have the courage to refuse to father it
even though requested to do so by
a personal or political friend. A little
well-considered legislation will be far
better than the mass of new laws
usually turned out every two years
to occupy the attention of the Attorney-General
for several months in de
termining what they ali mean.
THK PROBLEM OK RKVKN I'E.
In readjustment of the tariff one
chief end should be obtainment of
revenue. People will pay indirect
taxes without complaint, when they
will revolt at direct taxes. On the
one hand the special advantages that
some receive from protection should
be cut out; on the other, the study
should be to get the greatest amount
of revenue from commodities in the
nature of luxuries, which our country
does not produce, yet which our peo
ple will not do without and are ready
to pay for.
The sugar we produce in this coun
try is of trifling quantity, in propor
tion to our total consumption. Let su
gar continue to pay the tax; for sugar
is a main source of revenue. Coffee and
tea also, and wines and liquors, should
bear a heavy Import duty. So should
all high-class textile. metal and
leather goods, and all articles of gen
eral luxury, imported from foreign
countries for sale to persons who
think American products not good
enough for them.
Need of revenue is a crying need.
We have an expensive Government,
and it never will be less expensive
than now. The tariff ought now there
fore to be adjusted to a revenue
basis that Is. on a system that will
bring large revenues into the treas
ury. Protection should not be a lead
ing thought, yet may be in many
cases an incidental consequence as a
sugar tariff for revenue may give some
protection to our beet-sugar factories.
So of the duties on wool and woolens.
This country its National Govern
ment has an expenditure exceeding
one thousand millions a year, and
there Is constantly Increasing call for
more. It must study sources of reve
nue hereafter, more than lt has ever
done. Tariff must be changed from a
tariff whose main object has been pro
tection, to a tariff whose one object
is revenue that is largest obtainable
revenue. It must be a tax on all Im
ported stuffs, used by all sorts and
conditions of our people. In every
part of the country people are scream
ing for appropriations, and deficits
cannot be multiplied forever.
A GOOD INVESTMENT.
The President's plans for the con
servation of natural resources grow
ever more comprehensive as time
passes and also, as a matter of course,
more expensive. Canada and Mexico
are now to be invited to join in the
grand effort to save something for the
future from our once vast natural en
dowment. Their enlistment will en
large the cost of whatever Is done.
Still we need not necessarily take a
gloomy view of the expense of Mr.
Roosevelt's great projects. When a
railroad wishes to extend Its lines or
make improvements it borrows money
to do it and the borrowing is not
deemed bad husbandry by good
Judge. It is not a waste to spend
money, provided an adequate return
for it Is obtained. The money de
voted to the preservation of natural
resources, if it Is wisely disbursed, will
be an Investment, not a waste, and the
returns from it will be Increasingly
large with every passing year.
There is no conceivable way for the
people of this country to save money
to better advantage than to sink it In
the conservation of forests, the im
provement of navigable rivers and the
economic administration of mines and
soil. Every dollar judiciously expend
ed for these objects will return heavy
Interest. Better still, it will help pre
serve for future generations an In
habitable country. Let us not be
appalled therefore if it costs a good
round sum of money to carry out the
plans which Mr. Roosevelt la evolv
ing. It need frighten nobody even
If an issue of bonds should be re
quired. The bonds will represent sub
stantial value. They will stand for
newly created property exactly like
the sound bonds of a city or a rail
road. RKfTfiEES ANO CRIMINALS.
Evidence may have been presented
to Commissioner Foote which com
pelled him as a fair-minded man and
a Just Judge to turn over Christian
Rudowitz to the Russian authorities.
Just what the evidence was In this
Interesting case has not yet been made
public. All we know Is that Rudowitz
Is a fugitive charged by the Czar's po
lice with murder, arson and sundry
other crime.", while his defense Is that
he fled to America as a political ref
ugee. Both American and English
law has always made an emphatic dis
tinction between common criminals
and political refugees. The former
are uniformly delivered up under ex
tradition treaties. To the latter the
right of asylum has never been de
nied. Both American and British
sentiment would be outraged by the
surrender of an exile whose only of
fense was participation in an upris
ing against the Russian, or any other
government.
Naturally, therefore, the Czar's po
lice agents try their utmost to make
lt appear that the persons who have
lately fled to America from Russia
upon the failure of the revolution are
common malefactors. During the dis
turbances property was stolen, build
ings burned and people killed. This
always happens in time of war,
whether lt be foreign or civil, but
Christian sentiment does not approve
of the wholesale executions which
would ensue were every person who
takes part against the government
!. - -;:. responsible for the
oiinJL
I misohiel. Those whom the Czar
catch within his own domains he may
w. H.. Via thousand if he likes. .
UUiLiin . . . . v '
The world abhors his conduct but
cannot prevent it. Those who have es
caped to America are safe unless some
plausible accusation other than that
of rebellion can be lodged against
them. The Czar's police agents have,
of course, no scruples. It does not dis
tress their consciences In the least'de
gree to keep the civil war entirely out
of sight and present the consequences
of the war as if they were individual
crimes. The wonder Is that these
agents should be able to impose upon
any American Judge by their cunning
tricks.
To be sure Commissioner Foote, of
Chicago, Is not a Judge. He is not
even a lawyer and it seems very singu
lar that a cause so fraught with con
sequence as Rudowitz's extradition
should have been entrusted to an ar
biter with qualifications apparently so
slender. To return the exile to the
Russian authorities is to condemn him
to death. Virtually none of those who
took part in the abortive revolution
have been acquitted at their trials.
Every trial leads to an execution.
Worse still, the accused is sure to be
tortured in an inhuman manner to
compel him to betray his confederates.
Hence Commissioner Foote has sen
tenced Rudowitz, not merely to death,
but In all likelihood to tortures worse
than death. Russian courts are not
civilized tribunals. Neither law nor
conscience restrains them from the ex
tremest cruelty to secure evidence an8
give plausible color to convictions.
Their proceedings are secret and the
public knows comparatively little of
their horrible barbarities. But we
know enough to warrant the state
ment that no refugee ought to be de
livered into their power unless the
evidence ngalnst him is overwhelming.
If there is a shadow of suspicion that
Rudowitz is really a political exile it
should save him from extradition.
CH.IKP RKASON FOR THK HKFICIT.
Washington advices are that pros
pects for a River and Harbor bill at
the present session of Congress are
far from bright The reason given Is
the constantly increasing deficit in the
treasury. The deficit is increasing in
part on account of the enormous de
mands of the Navy and for the Pana
ma Canal and other legitimate ex
penses, and in part through the prodi
gal waste of money by an abnormally
large army of office-holders whose
Incompetence . would prohibit them
from holding any commercial po
sition for fifteen minutes. This in
competence and ignorance of the first
principles of business can be found In
all departments, and. while the losses
thus caused are individually small, in
the aggregate they run into vast sums
of money and accordingly affect legi
timate appropriations like the River
and Harbor bill.
Some of these examples of petty ex
travagances and wastefulness are al
ways before us. If a business man
wishes to ship a cargo of lumber to
Manila or the Orient, he charters the
cheapest steamer he can find, regard
less of the flag she flies, and then calls
for bids not from any one or two
ports on Puget Sound, but from every
prominent lumber port on the Pacific
Coast. If the Government requires a
cargo of lumber for Manila, lt Insists
on Its being carried in an American
vessel at a freight rate about double
that which the business man would
pay, and in calling for bids insists on
delivery at some special port on Puget
Sound. The same policy causes the
Government to let a contract for a
drydock for Manila to an Atlantic
Coast yard.- because the figure was
$10,000 below the Paclflc Coast figure,
although the cost of moving the dock
to Manila from the Atlantic yard was
nearly $100,000 greater than it would
have been had the dock been sent to
her station from a Pacific Coast yard.
The same policy Is responsible fir
the building of three lightsips for the
Columbia River and Puget Sound at
an Atlantic yard, and then, at enor
mous expense, sending them on a 14,
000 mile voyage around Cape Horn,
subject to the dangers of a trip that
cannot fall to wrench and batter them
so that they will be compelled on ar
rival to go for repairs to the yards at
which they should have been built on
the Pacific Coast. A few weeks ago
It was announced that nearly 200 em
ployes In the reclamation service
would be transferred from Washing
ton to points In the Far West where
the work was In progress. Many of
these employes are female stenog
raphers, who are drawing salaries about
twice as large as lt would be necessary
for the Government to pay in the
West, where the employes are to be
sent at Government expense.-
For the past four or five years a
very able carpenter living near Wel
ser, Idaho, where grain-growing Is
very inconsequential, had been draw
ing a good salary as a crop expert for
Oregon. Washington and Idaho. To
check up the errors and enable the
department to arrive at something ap
proaching a reasonable estimate on
the crop, each vacation season brings
with it a number of "special" experts
from Washington, who in a visit to
Portland. Puget Sound or Spokane
can quite naturally learn more about
the grain crops of Oregon. Washing
ton and Idaho than can ever be
learned at Weiser, although the mile
age, per diem, and salary of these ex
perts In the aggregate help to In
crease the treasury deficit. There Is
another excellent method. The pur
chase of steamers, machinery or sup
piles for any big undertaking of a
nature similar to the Panama Canal Is
also a favorite method of increasing
the deficit. Mr. Taft, soon after the
Panama Canal work was started, gave
this system a frightful Jolt by actually
securing figures on a number of
steamers which could be purchased
abroad at about $250,000 jess than sim
ilar craft would cost In this country.
The figures, however, were all that he
was permitted to secure from the for
eigners. Examples of this petty wastefulness
could be continued Indefinitely, for
the pernicious system has permeated
every branch of the Government.
River and Harbor improvements and
many other much-needed projects
must suffer because of reckless and
needless waste of funds by a system
which, If applied to any legitimate
business enterprise, would spell ruin.
The Government is short on money
for the same reason that the city of
Portland is short too much Is being
wasted on salaries and expenses for
which no adequate returns are forth
coming. Another "end of the world" predic
tion has come to naught. The dis
ciples of Lee J. Spangler. white-robed
and expectant, stood all day upon a
wind-swept cemetery hill near Nyack,
New Tork. last Sunday, awaiting the
call of the trumpet and the proclaimed
end of all things of earth. The
"prophet" found it prudent to absent
himself from the gathering, and finally
tba--wijtte-robed-o&e wero ordered off
the grounds and went in chill sadness
to their homes to await turiner u
velopments. Wonder itself is para
lyzed in the presence of such folly as
this and looks on agape and speech
less, while rude scorn croaks out its
derisive ki-yi" as the bedraggled and
deluded "saints" turn their faltering
footsteps toward the homes to which
but now they bade adieu, as they be
lieved, forever. We may well sup
pose that they gathered gratefully
around the rekindled fires on their
hearths, willing to enjoy for yet a
little while the genial warmth that
emanated therefrom.
The African Hottentots, who occupy
a position in their own country very
much similar to that of the Yaqui In
dians in this country, are on the war
path again. They have opened the pro
ceedings with a raid on the cattle
posts and murdered two Europeans,
and followed this up by shooting seven
German soldiers who were sent in
pursuit. Now that German and Bri
tish interests in South Africa have be
come to a degree mutual, that country
should naturally become very un
healthy for a Hottentot who has so In
correctly gauged the fighting ability of
the white men. After pouring out
blood and treasure in such enormous
quantities as she has in South Africa,
Great Britain will hardly permit a few
wild Hottentots to shoot up the cattle
posts or murder the citizens. South
Africa is in the civilized column, and
the blacks must be Informed of the
fact.
No wonder the tax levy keeps pace
with the increased valuation of prop
erty in Multnomah County and espe
cially in Portland. With principal
officers, officers' deputies, deputies'
deputies, clerks, assistant clerks and
fuglemen of high and low de
gree, whose names crowd the city
pay-roll to the number of over nine
hundred, at an aggregate expense to
the taxpayers of $75,000 a month, a
high levy must be maintained. The.
valuation of property is high. The
high levy is in accordance with the
oft-verified statement which declares
that "Where the carcass is, there will
the vultures be gathered together."
This Interesting remark was offered
in the Seattle Times of Sunday last,
to wit:
While each recurrlns call for more money
to aid the lighting plant demonstrates more
conclusively the failure of municipal own
ership of power facilities, the additional
bond Issue of JStOO.OOO probably will have
to be passed to save the $1.7OU,000 already
invested in the plant.
That makes $2,500,000 for Seattle's
light plant; and then after all this
money is in, it will cost more to ope
rate the plant to say nothing of in
terest and deterioration than to buy
the light from contractors.
The big failure in is'ew York on Sat
urday caused not a ripple on the finan
cial pool yesterday and the stock mar
ket not only failed to show weakness,
but on the contrary soared up to un
usual heights for the holiday season.
The grain markets also were very
steady, closing with fractional gains.
If the bear element in stocks. and grain
Is unable to do any stampeding in
the holiday season with a $5,000,000
failure as a starter, the prospects for
lower prices after the turn of the year
are not encouraging.
The storm-beaten fleet that wres
tled with the big gale on Christmas
Day is showing up at the various coast
ports, and thus far no loss of life is
reported, although the old schooner
Gotama was abandoned in a water
logged condition. The North Pacific
Ocean in the Winter season is no
place for aged, overloaded schooners
and they should not venture out in
threatening weather.
Portland is certainly growing at a
tremendous rate. Dr. Wheeler, with
one or two moderate-salaried depu
ties, managed to give us a very satis
factory administration in the city's
health department until he was sup
planted by the present administration,
which with $250 per month for the
chief officer is now costing the tax
payers $1395 per month for salaries
alone.
Who can question the enterprise of
journalism? Yesterday (Sunday) the
San Francisco Examiner of December
27 was in Portland. It was started
for Portland on Friday, December 25.
By the time it gets to Seattle it will
be a day older, and then when lt gets
to Vancouver (B. C.) it will be a day
older still. Is this journalism or is it
.ridiculous pretense?
If some of those good people who
are agitating in favor of state guar
anty of bank deposits would put forth
e.ven a small effort in behalf of crim
inal laws that will guarantee the dis
honest, banker a quick trip to the pen
itentiary, bank deposits would become
as safe as any kind of property.
Mr. Rockefeller, who was strangely
eager In making known his desire for
the election of Mr. Taft, has been
just as strangely silent upon the sub
ject since the votes were counted.
But perhaps he imagines that his in
fluence accomplished the result and
that all people appreciate It.
The Oregon Agricultural College will
open its short courses for farmers
early In January and continue them
three months. Farmers who have a
month of spare time could spend it
profitably by taking one or more of the
short courses.
If the school teachers could obtain
the waste money that supports the
army of hangers-on in the City Hall,
they would be well paid out of tax
payers' big bounty.
Last week a man died in the over
crowded jail. The moral is that had
he stayed out of Jail he would still be
enjoying the blessings that the Lord
gave him.
It doesn't take this warm weather
to make us dislike that east-wind
kind; the other always makes itself ari
unwelcome guest.
New Year's will show that many of
the folks who thought they would
save money on Christmas, bought pres
ents after all.
It's not yet too late to buy those
tardy presents for the persons you
forgot on Christmas.
Champion Johnson certainly ought
to be able to find abundance of white
trash somewhere.
The wrangle of the doctors shows
what a long-suffering race sick pa
tients are.
No one has suggested Mr. Cortelyou.
as a possible member of the Taft Cabinet.
! HERE'S A STIDY IN PERSIFLAGE.
Read It Carefully and Perfcap You'll
Know What It's AH About.
PORTLAND. Dec. 27. (To the Edi-
I tor.) Our brethren who are exercised
, over the decisions of Judges should
' calm themselves. There is joy in
! gloom, as the poet says: there is a
I law of compensation in the thorniest
judgments. If our bodies are jailed
I by the cold impartiality of one Judge,
our souls are freed by the transcen
dents philosophy of another. Take the
case of Judare Peter S. Grosscup in the
December North American Review.
Here you have a' scientific exposition
of soul-life and immortality as lumi
nous as a fire in a Standard Oil ware
house on a dark and dreary night.
What is more consoling- than the
knowledge that a Plutocrat has a
soul? Would you swap "your'n for
his'n" for $29,000,000? The Judge ui
velllcates the materialistic theory that
man is but a pompous gas hag. who,
when he blows off. joins the innumer
able has-beens to fertilize the soil
pardon the diversion, the syntax is
.n.l thai the evolution of man
as a species from the Anthropoid apes
to the stately harmony or an uregon
Legislature, and the evolution of man
as an individual from the temporary
original organism to the perfect de
velopment of a non-partisan peach, is
a conclusion reached by inference and
deduction, no more scientifically dem
onstrated than the eoncomitancy of
the physical body with the soul that
inhabits lt. as reasoned out by exper
iment and observation of the senses,
and ho enjoins the sophists, in pnilos
ophy and fact, from further oovcott
of the soul by a vigorous use of the
Imagination.
"Imagine," says the learned JiJge,
"imagine a human being so circum
stanced that he had never known an
other human being had never n.Mid
music or the human voice coming
suddenly into touch with a telephone,
getting front its material organism the
first and only note or sound of human
voice that had ever come to hiin.
Mfght not such lone man, with ap
parent reason, draw the deduction
that music and voice mre functions
only of the organism; that, apart
from that organism, there w;ts no evi
dence of such a thing as music, no
evidence of such a thins as human
voice?"
yince imagination is the direct pii
rr.ary law of certain divers and sundry
headpieces, well. then, let us imajfine:
How was this human being, who had
never known another human being
born? Is he a masculine Topsy minus
the footlights? If he was born and
never heard music or the humai voice,
where were his ears during the delec
table moments when lie was being
ushered into republican institutions,
for the telephone Is a republican in
stitution? How -lid he cultivate his
"apparent reason?" If he Iia3 never
known a human being or hearj a hu
man voice, he surely did not possess
the adornments of a souless civiliza
tion: he never attended a Fifth ave
nue Sunday school, nor perused a hun
dred thousand dollar brief, nor rad
the experience of Pantasruel in the
land of demurrers and eatchpolet;?
Well, he has intuition anyway, and
being a human being, he has a soul;
he Is sensitive to the belligerency of
voice and the fervency of music; sud
denly he cuts in on the long distance
getting from its material organism
the following dialogue: "Hello, Is
this Main 26? Yep! Is that you,
Archy? You know it is! Reversed, by
heck! Sic semper Landisus, halle
lujah!" Now in his pristine Innocence,
would this lone brother stop to inves
tigate whether voice and music were
but material functions of the tele
phone, or something separate and
apart like the soul of man, or would
he intuitively hike to escape a suh
pena? The Judge holds he might stop
to draw deductions, but this is clearly
a conclusion of the Imagination.
But this writer is not concerned.
Man has a soul all right and it is not
invisible. You see lt in his every act,
mental, moral and physical. Some
how his culture, his wealth or his in
fluence cannot hide it. Some very
fashionable men have punk souls and
Lsorne very humble men have swell
ones, for cue most part, tie is not o
much interested In the present status
of his soul as he might he if the
future coul-l be scientifically demon
strated. Will it be a Buck stove or a
writ of injunction against the heating
monopoly? Here is a case where imag
ination is superfluous.
J. HENNESSEY MURPHY.
"The Queen's Book" Over 500,000 Mark.
Baltimore' News.
The sales of "The Queen's Book," con
taining a collection of photographs taken
by Queen Alexandra of England, are in
creasing. The proceeds are devoted to
the benefit of London hospitals. It was
the original Intention to place an edition
of 500.000 copies on the market, but before
the date of publication 440.000 copies of
the book had been subscribed for, leaving
only 60.000 copies for general sale. On the
last trip of the Campania to New York
copies were eold on board for $G apiece.
No AVeddlns: Mean Turkey Dinner.
Newark. N. J.. Dispatch.
Joseph Hirst and Miss Laura Hobart,
of Vineland. N. Jv a year ago drew the
short straws in a contest which carried
with it the promise to get mnrried In a
year. The girl married another man, and
Hirst, being unwedded, was compelled to
give a turkey dinner to 30 members of the
Mask and Wig Club.
Suicar In Food Turns to Alcohol.
New York Dispatch.
A case of anto-intoxication, a disease
rare in medical history, is being treated
at St. John's Hospital. Brooklyn, N. Y.
Frank Sheridan, 12 years old, ate food
containing 6Ugar. The food did not di
gest, but turned largely Into alcohol. He
was attacked by convulsions, but will re
cover. Raises Money by Bis Freckles.
St. Louis, Mo., Dispatch.
Harland Rice, a freckled-faced page at
die Hotel Jefferson, In St. Louis, Mo., is
making a big salary by having guests
guess at the number of dots on his face
and the musical way in which he calls the
names of visitors to the hotel, which
draws a large number of nickels and
dimes every day.
Blanche Walsh Buys 100- Acre Farm.
Washington (D. C.) Dispatch.
Blanche Walsh has purchased the Shore
ham estate of 100 acres, near Richmond.
Va., for $60,000 cash. The actress has dis
posed of her immense farm at Great
Neck. Long Island, and after her present
season on the road will make Richmond
her home.
"Dry" Town Booms Pumpkin IMes.
Hartford, Conn., Dispatch.
The consumption of pumpkin pie has
Increased in Wlnsted, Conn., since the
town went dry on November 1. Half a
dozen. new restaurants have opened since
the one saloon closed.
Thief Leaves House, the Poorer.
Baltimore News.
A thief who stole $30 worth of chickens
from Solomon Pollick, of Monroeville, N.
J., dropped a pocketbook containing $125,
which was found by Pollick in his hen
house. And Other People Think So.
Springfield, (Mass.) Dispatch.
An applicant for naturalization at
Northampton, Mass., asked what are the
duties of the President of the United
States. replied, "to superintend Con
Labor Must Be Actually the PartneiojCapital
Andrew Carnegie Points to he Steel Tru.t .s Pioneering -
Whereby the Laborer and the Capitalist Bero.nc the fcame Man I uture
(fenerations Must Contlnne the I'lnn and Improve I pon It.
FfRNISHED TO THE OREGOXIAN BY
THE ASSOCIATED PRKSS.
NEW YORK. Dec. 28. "In the fu
ture, labor is to rise still higher.
The joint-stock form opens the
door to the participation of labor as
shareholder in every branch of business.
In this, the writer believes, lies the
final and enduring solution of the labor
question. Nothing can stand against
the direct management of owners. We
are only pioneers, whose duty Is to
start the movement, leaving to out- suc
cessors its full and free development
as human society advances."
These are striking statements found
In an article by Andrew Carnegie in
the forthcoming January number of
The World's Work, made public today.
An editorial note states that trie article
is taken from Mr. Carnegie's'new book,
"Problems of Today." and that it is
published in the magazine "because of
the remarkable it might be called
even sensational forecast that he
makes of the continued improvement
In the position of labor till profit-sharing
does its perfect work and the la
borer and the capitalist become the
same man."
Mr. Carnegie tells of the beginnings
made by the Carnegie Steel Company
many years ago by making from time
to time 40-odd young partners, who
paid for their interest in the business
by their notes, payable only out of the
profits of the business. Great care, Mr.
Carnegie says, was taken to admit
workers of the mechanical department,
which had hitherto been neglected by
employers. Speaking further on of the
combination of many steel works into
the one United States Steel Corporation,
he says that the problem presented
was not altogether new, "for individual
and corporate management have co
existed since joint stock companies
were formed. The former has undoubt
edly great advantages over the latter.
Able men managing their own works.
In competition with large bodies of
shareholders employing salaried man
agers, weie certain to distance their
corporate competitors, and did so.
Nothing can stand against the direct
management of owners."
Going on to speak of the experiment
of the United States Steel Corporation
in interesting its officers and employes
in its. shares, Mr. Carnegie says: "Every
corporation could well afford to sell
shares to Its saving workmen, giving
preference in repayment at cost as a
first charge in case of disaster, Just
as present laws provide first for the
mechanic's lien and for homestead ex
emption. This Is due to the working
man who necessarily buys the shares
without knowledge, and is asked to
buy them, not solely for his own ad
vantage, but for the benefit of the com
pany as well the advantage of both."
The writer points out that "just as
the mechanical world has changed and
improved, so the world of labor lias ad
vanced from the slavery of the laborer
to the day of his absolute independence
and now to this day, when he begins
to take his proper place as the capitalist-partner
of his employer. We may
look forward with hope to the day
when it shall be the rule for the work
man to be partner with capital, the
man of affairs giving his business ex
perience, the worklngman in the mill
his mechanical skill, to the company,
both owners of the shares and so far
equally Interested in the success of
their joint efforts, each Indispensable, so
that without their co-operation success
would be impossible."
Replying to the possible charge of
being over-sanguine, Mr. Carnegie de
clares himself convinced that "the huge
combination, and even the moderate
corporation, has no chance in competi
tion with the partnership which em
braces the principal officials and has
adopted the system of payment by
bonus or reward throughout Its work.
The latter may be relied upon, as a
rule, to earn handsome dividends in
times of depression, during which the
former, conducted upon the old plan,
will incur actual loss, and perhaps land
In financial embarrassment.
By way of illustration he cites the
case of the Filene Stores, of Boston,
which, he says, "has gone farthest of
all in the direction of making its em
plyes shareholders." The establishment,
he says, employs 700 to 000 men, the
canital stock is held only by employes,
and is returned to the corporation at
its value, should the employe leave the
service. Every share of stock belongs
to some one working in the stores. "The
most important advance." says Mr.
Carnegie, "is that all questions are sub
mitted to arbitration, not only com
plaints or disputes, but wages, scope
of work, and tenure of employment.
More than 400 cases of arbitration have
arisen, and the result Is that both man
agers and employes have been satis
fied that this is the true plan. When
an employe is discharged lie has the
right to appeal to an arbitration board,
composed of fellow-employes of differ
ent grades. All wage disputes have
been satisfactorily settled. There Is
JUST WHAT THE ISSUE IS.
Gompers Et Al. nod the Federal
Courts.
Chicago Inter Ocean.
The sentence of imprisonment passed
upon Samuel Gompers. John Mitchell
and Frank Morrison, leading officials
of the American Federation of Labor,
is certain to cause widespread public
discussion and agitation. We shall all
save time and strength by remember
ing and keeping ever before our minds
what is the real Issue Involved. This
mnv be stated in a few words. Here
I is the fundamental question:
"Is an American clflaen vtitn-ut a
labor union card the equal, before the
laws of his country, of an American
citizen with a labor union card f"
Mr. Gompers, his associates and sup
porters deny the equality of citizens
before the law. They deny that a citi
zen who does not belong; to a labor
union has the same right to employ
ment as a citizen who does belong to
a labor union.
They deny that a citizen who docs
not manage his business in conform
ity to labor union ideas has the same
right to give employment as a citizen
who does manage his business in con
formity to labor union desires.
They deny the equality In constitu
tional and statutory rights of Ameri
can citizens. They deny the right of
all American citizens to the equal pro
tection of the laws.
Mr. Jerome on the Water Wagon.
New .York Dispatch.
District Attorney Jerome has joined the
ranks of the great and the near-great.
He has quit both cigarettes and whisky.
He Eays he is going to keep a reserved
seat on the water-wagon for the rest of
his days.
For the last three months Mr. Jerome
has smoked only an occasional pipe, and
he won't even speak of a highball. As a
result he Is losing superfluous flesh and
bis tailor has had to rebuild his clothing.
a profit-sharing department, having
to do with wages, which has been able
to distribute varying amounts each
year."
He goes on to describe the workings
of the plan, remarking incidentally that
the Filone Stores are not excelled. If
equalled, in making profits. lie cites
other examples of profit-sharing and
joint ownership, and then comes to ills
generalizations, in the course of which
he says, amonfr other things:
"Whether the communist's ideal Is to
be finally reached upon earth, after
man is so changed that self-interest,
which is now the mainspring of hu
man action, will give place to heavenly
neighbor interest, cannot be known.
The future lias not been revealed. He
who says yes. and he who says no, are
equally foolhardy. Neither knows,
therefore neither should presume to
consider, much less to legislate in their
day, for a future they can know nothing
of.
"The writer, however, believes one
point to be clear, viz.: that the next
step toward improved labor conditions
Is through the stage of share-holding In
the industrial world, the workman be
coming joint owner in the profits of his
labor. Payment to slaves and serfs, by
providing shelter and food and clothing
for them, then by orders upon the
stores for articles, up to payment by
rash to independent workmen today,
each a step forward, have all been tried,
and now the coming day dawns when
payment is to be made wholly or In
part by profit-sharing, the workman
having the status of the share-owning
official and a voice in the management
as joint owner. He will he guaranteed
a minimum wage, when finally paid by
profits entirely to keep his mind easy
and free for his work, the proper sup
port of himself and his family being
thus insured.
"It may be mentioned that the in
vestments of workman-partners in the
United States Steel Corporation have
been very profitable to both the men
and the company.
"One of the greatest advantages." the
writer thinks, "will be found in draw
ing men and managers Into closer In
tercourse, so that they become friends
and learn each other's virtues, for that
both have virtues none knows better
than the writer, who has seen both
sides of the shield as employe and em
ployer. In vast establishments it is
very difficult, almost impossible, for
workmen and employer to know each
other; but when the managers and
workmen are joint owners, and both
are paid wages, as even the president
of the company is, we shall see greater
int rcourse between them. In the case
of disputes, it is certain that the workmen-partners
have a status nothing
else can give. They can attend all
shareholders' meetings and have a
voice there if desired. Entrance into
the partnership class means increased
power to workmen. On the other hand,
knowledge of the company's affairs, its
troubles and disappointments, which
come at intervals to the most success
ful concerns, will teach the workmen
much that they did not know before.
"Copartnership tends to bring a real
izing sense of the truth to both labor
and capital that their interests, broadly
considered, are mutual; and as far as
the latter is considered, it may finally,
In some cases, be all furnished by those
engaged in the works, which is the
ideal that should be held in view the
workman both capitalist and worker,
employe and employer.
"This, however, is not for our time.
We are only pioneers, whose duty is to
start the movement, leaving to our suc
cessors its full and free development
as human society advances. The first
company so owned will mark a new
era in-the relations of labor and capi
tal. We may not have to wait long
for this experiment, since it is in line
with recent developments. The writer
has no desire to embark again in busi
ness. But nothing could appeal to him
so strongly as his ideal. He should like
to address a body of workmen, many
thousands in number, as all fellow
partners. "The writer is convinced," Mr. Car
negie says in conclusion, "that this is
to be the highly satisfactory and final
solution of evolution no revolution
necessary and it is earnestly pressed
upon the attention of the intelligent
worklngman and his leaders, some of
whom seem to have been misled into
devoting themselves to the advocacy
of a system, admittedly unsuited to our
day, which requires an organic change
in the relations of society, and indeed,
involves a complete revolution in the
nature of man the task of a thousand
years. The experiment of labor-and-capitai-union-workmen-capitalists
has
exceeded, so far. all expectations. Even
the convinced Socialist might, there
fore, hall it as at least a step In the
right direction, making labor's position
better than before, saying to himself:
Let the future bring what it may, a
bird in the hand is worth a whole flock
in the bush. Our .Socialistic remedy is
for the future; let us not forget this is
our dealing with the present.'
"Such seems to the writer the part
of wisdom."
WHAT IS BKlNi IIOB AT PANAMA
"Republicans on the Job Doing Good
Work," Snys Ilr. Coe.
Washington Post.
"Colonel Goelhals, who is in charge of
the Panama Canal construction, is doing
a great work," said Dr. Henry Waldo
Coe, of Portland. Or., at the New il
lard. "1 have Just returned to the States
after a second visit to Panama, and I was
pleased to note the progress that has been
made, especially in the work on the Ga
ttm dam. The reports about underground
lakes at the site of the dam, and other
serious difficulties and dangers regarding
that structure, are fairyland tales. At a
crossing of an old French canal site, the
other day, in which there had been de
posited an underlying stratum of mud In
years gone by, a foundation of protectivo
rock was sunk through to the .solid clay
beneath, exactly as planned by the engi
neers. Those in charge arc hoping the
same conditions will bo found at the other
four French canal crossings.
"Yet this was reported in this country
as a serious and unexpected break. The
people should be told that the locks al
Gatun are not being built through the
dam, but are being placed outside the
dam proper and thruugh a small hill of
earth and rock. Th spillway for the ar
tificial lake . of over 1M square miles,
which will be formed by the damming of
the Chagres River, will also he cut at ine
other end of the dam through a solid
hillway.
"In November, with a rainfall of 11.66
inches and seven Sundays and holidays,
2,9iu,404 yards of dirt were handled, and
for the year the average wilt be more
than 3.000.000 yards per month. Next year
Colonel Goethals will handle to exceed
4.O00.000 yards per month, if he does not
breaic down under the enormous respon
sibility he is now so successfully carry
in?. But, with Republicans everywhere
on the job trying to make Republican
predictions in Washington good, a half
million yards more per month will. I be
lieve, be moved at no greater expense.
We or the Pacific Coast are crying for
speed in construction."