t. nr. jiuk.-MW OKKliOJMA, TCKS13AY, DECEMBER 15. 1903.
CONKERS TELLS
FACTS ABOUT RIOT
would go In and clean up the rrojnd. He
al.o uld that ihey mentioned this to S?r
gnt Reld. who wai commander of th
guardhouse barracks, and that Keid aalri:
"All t have to uy la. talje care of your
self and the bo when vou go dowji there. "
S. H. Parker, hone home In at ("aarleston.
8. C.. aa reaent and heard the lame con
versation. Xmas Sales in Every Dept
MERCHANDISE ORDERS
at any counter, good to give
because the recipient can
select his own gift anytime
I
r 9 - ' . '"'A
One of Leaders in Brownsville
Shooting Names Those
Who Fired.
TWENTY MEN INVOLVED
Warned of Threats of Brownsville
People Xeero Troops Deliber
ately Miot I'p Town With
Stolen Ammunition.
WASHINGTON. D- 14. Boyd Con
yer's tnry of the Brownsville riot Is
ITiven her In narrative form:
The rumors of trouble over the as
signment of colored troops to Brown
ville were circulated before the troops
Wt Fort Niobrara and preparations were
made am one the men to "fret even with
the crackers." as the whites were called.
Some cartridges were held out at ranjre
practice, but more en route to Browns
ville. The friction with citiiens of Browns
ville began at once. In Boyd Conyers
language, "whisky made all the trouble.
If we had not been drinking, we would
not have had the nerve to shoot up the
town." It was agreed at a gathering of a
few men in the saloon of Allison, the
colored ex-noldler. on the afternoon of
August 13. lX. that the raid should take
place that night at 12 o'clock. It seems
to have been delayed a few minutes to
let Tamayo. the Mexican scavenger, get
away from the B barracks.
Holloman Was .Ringleader.
John Holloman. the money lender of
Company B. was custodian and distrib
uter of the cartridges, but his plans
could not have been carried out had not
Sergeant George Jackson, of Company B,
In charge of the keys to the gun racks
in B barracks, and Sergeant Reld. In
command of the guards, co-operated both
before and after the raid.
The four men who led the raid were
John Holloman, John Brown, Boyd Con
yers and Caroline de Sauesure, all of
Company B (and probably B. L. Collier,
of Company C). Holloman was In bar
rack. Brown in the bake shop. Conyers
and De Saussure In the guardhouse.
These two latter were in the same detail
and had been relieved at about 11 o'clock.
Ie Baussure on the post at the guard
house and Conyers on No. 2 around the
barracks and facing the town. Holloman"
got the party together. Conyens and De
Eauseure slept on the same hunk in the
guardhouse. Claiming that they, wanted
to get under the mosquito net they had
the trick of taking their guns into the
bunk. Instead of placing them in the open
gun rack on the excuse that they did
not rust so badjy under cover, but really
so the absence of the guns from the open
guardhouse rack would not attract at
tention and their own absence -would be
ascribed to a vielt to the closet, which
was back of the guardhouse. These two
men slipped out the rear door of the
guardhouse, passed through the sally port
and Joined Holloman and Brown.
All Turned Out at Signal.
The party crossed the wall of the fort
down near the end of A barracks, went
up the roadway to the entrance to the
Cowan alley, where the signal shots were
fired. These shots were Immediately
tailed onto by the alarm shots of Joseph
B. Howard, guard on No. I. and formed
the series referred to by Mrs. Katie B.
!ahy. of Browngille. Her testimony Is
further borne out by the statement that
not over second elapsed before a num
ber of men of Company B swarmed out
on the upper gallery and opened a fusil
lade on the town. " It is an absolute cer
tainty that It would have been impossible
fir Sergeant Jackson to open the gun
racks, for the men to have assembled,
secured their guns, loaded them, gone out
to the gallery and started firing, ell after
the first shot was fired: all aroused as
they t est i tied unanimously, from sound
slumber. In less than two minutes, in
the confusion of a dark barrack room.
Twenty Kir first Volley!
Beyond the possibility of a doubt the
racks had been opened and the inside
conspirators were ready to pour out on
the signal shots. The testimony is
ample that there were scarcelv 20 seconds
between the last of the signal shots and
the first general volley from B barracks.
The number is not positively known, but
perhaps 20 men were mixed up. It will
be remembered that one of the witnesses
testified to hearing some one of the
group of soldiers exclaim, "There they
fl?; "'"f"" these men '"P"1 over
the w-all and ran up the alley
Boyd Conyers Is the man whose gun
jammed at the exit of the alley by the
rains' '"tlfle'1 ,0 by HertS
,aken from hlm by
where the light from the street lamp at
Jhem!0rn'r f Elizab"h -hone on
All Over in rive Minutes.
tn,"ii!".1 - mlnu,c elapsed from
! WZl h nrst 'hat "red until
the time these men were back in the
t?"?? that Rld told
loin i? J "L' ln 8ht P the
" taugnea and said:
si. out mere and let
crackers get the best of you."
n conyers and iJe ,,,,
reached the guardhouse, they n IS
rgeVnt HT4iBd 0t'n, bunk-!
fergeant Reid came In and a wore at
them, but Conyers was ,o exclTed nd
out of breath that he could hrd"v
H.and. so Held stationed him at the
rear of the guardhouse in the dark
cseu- V m ,d "0t b' '"""nUed so
ciosei. Holloman came around with
R.t? c'r,r.,tJ "ut daybreak and
Held p.ed them out. The guns were
11 cleaned before daylight.
How !.aHon Got Confession.
William Uwion
poses and says:
.;.Un.oU1nn;i;r"'Bo!W.V -roe.
-.r,ln h. k "'.-""S?"'" and
mat point. I a not nlr ' '
- t v-.ii information, excent
arrf V n.""':" occurred at the fm
t i shooting.
I arrived at Monroe. Oa . on Juna "l
elonnetl m r r h,. K.,m ' ci .
. . 1 r.murr trews, cot-
. k. A.1"'1 H"'1 onvra who Is known
' Buddie t nners on the tnornlni of Jun
. but had very little conversation with Mm
h it was Introduced to him as an old soldier'
On th mornlnj of June S. between and ft
o clock. I met Conyers aoout, half wav be-t-en
th station-house and Main street.
We talked some i'i or minutes. I
b-oeched the Brownsville ism and men
toned the fart that the soldiers had thorn
their good sense hy keeping their mouths
shut while at Washington. I asked hint
what the motive sraa tor the shooting.
RMolred to rleu I n Ground.
He' told me that the "crackers" at
Brownsville had made tnreafa that ther
moold have ro neero soldiers at Browns.-ille
and the soldiers had made It up In their
minds that. If tbajf both them, they
FORAKER FRIEND OF NEGRO
( Continued From First Paite.
vllle affair, transmitted today, follows in
part :
"To the Senate: I Inclose herewith a
letter lrom the Secretary of War, trans
mitting a report of the Investigation
made by Herbert J. Browne, employed
by the department in conjunction with
Captain W. G. Baldwin, to investigate
as far as possible what happened at
Brownsville on the 13th and 14th .of
August, 19m. The report and documents
contain some information of great value,
and some statements that are obviously
worthless. but I submit them in their
entirety. This report enables us to fix
with tolerable detinlteness at least some
of the criminals who took the lead In the
murderous shooting of private citizens at
Brownsville. It establishes clearly th
fact that the colored soldiers did th
shooting, but upon this point furth
record was unnecessary, as the fact tha
the colored soldiers did the shooting has
already been established beyond all pos
sibility of doubt. The investigation has
not gone far enough to enable us to de
termlne all the facts, and we will pro
ceed with it. but It has gone far enough
to determine with Sufficient accuracy
certain facts of enough Importance to
make '.t advisable that I place this re
port before you.
All Guilty or Accessories.
"It appears that almost all the mem
oers of Company B must have been ac
tively concerned in the shooting, eitlie
to the extent of helng participants or to
the extent of virtually encouraging those
who were participants. As to Companies
C and P. there can be no question that
practically every man in them must hav
had knowledge that the shooting wa
done by some of the soldiers of B Troop,
and possibly by one or two others tn one
of the other troops. This concealmen
was of -itself a grave offense, which wa3
greatly aggravated by their testifying
before the Senate committee that, they
were Ignorant of what they must have
known. Nevertheless, it is to be said in
partial extenuation that they were prob
ably cowed by threats made hy tlie more
desperate of the men who bad at-tually
been engaged In the shooting as to what
would happen to any man who failed to
protect the wrongdoers Moreover, there
are circumstances tending to show tha
these misguided men were encouraged by
outsiders to persist in their -course of
concealment and denial.
"I feel, therefore, that the guilt of the
men who after the event thus shielded
the perpetrators of the wrong by refusing
to tell the truth about them, taough
serious, was in part due to the unwise
and improper attitude of others, and that
some measure of allowance should be
made for the misconduct. In other
words, I believe that we can afford to
reinstate any of these men who now
truthfully tell what has happened, give
all the aid they can to fix the responsl
blllty upon those who were really guilty
and show that they themselves had no
guilty knowledge beforehand and were
in no way implicated in the affair, save
by having knowledge of it afterward and
falling and refusing to divulge it.
Reinstate Innocent Men.
Xrnder the circumstances, and in
view of the length of time they have
been out of the service, and their loss
of the benefit that would have accrued
to them by continuous long-time serv
ice, we can afford to treat the men
who meet the requirements given above
as having been sufficiently punished by
the consequences they brought upon
themselves when they rendered neces
sary the exercise or the disciplinary
power. I recommend that a law be
passed allowing the Secretary of War,
within a fixed period of time, say a
year, to reinstate any of these soldiers
whom he, after careful examination,
finds to have been innocent, an, whom
he finds to have dono all In his power
to help bring to justice the guilty.
"Meanwhite the investigation will be
continued. The results have made it
obvious that only by the carrying on of
the investigation as the War Depart
ment has actually carried it on is
there the slightest chance of bringing
the offenders to justice or of separat
ing not only the Innocent, for there
were doubtless hastily any Innocent,
hut the less guilty, from those whose
guilt was henlous."
CONYERS CONFESSED RIOTING
Tlsen Attempted Suicide In Terror.
Foraker Discredits Confession.
WASHINGTON. Dec' 14. Secretary
Wright simply submits the report of Her
bert J. Browne, on the Brownsville affair,
to the President without comment. Mr.
Browne makes a general report of the
case, and then follows with detailed
statements of those who aided in the
Investigation of the raid. Mr. Browne's
general report la "dated Washington,
December 5, and is as follows:
"Sir I have the honor to submit
the following report relative to the
Investigation of the Brownsville raid:
"Kx-Private Boyd Conyers. of Com
pany B. Twenty-fifth Infantry, now
at Monroe. Ga., told William Lawson,
a detective in the employ of Captain
E
vary
Worn
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Costume
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$15.85
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$29.75
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$2.25 Figured Flannelette Kimonos for $1.69
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1000 Sample Pictures at Half Price
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$1.69
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Women's extra quality fleecedown
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$1.25 Short Kimonos 79c
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Sale Toilet Articles, Smokers9 Sets
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Toilet Sfts. auadruDle silver-plated brush, comb ar.d 157 7c
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Puff jars, quadruple plated top; also cut-irluss iars and fH 1 OB
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Genuine Badper Shaving Brushes, various pat
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Smokers' Jars for tobacco or cigars, cut glass,
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Tobacco Jars, nickel deposit, with nickel top;
also Kilt and heavy silver, $2.f0 value
Smokers' Sets of quadruple-plated silver or brass
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$5.98
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$1.98
mm
.. r, j .
3 mtt&?flL
William B. Baldwin, of Roanoke, Va.,
hat he and three (or four) other men
f the Twenty-fifth Infantry were the
eaders in the Brownsville raid. This
nformation was obtained at different
ates during the month. of June, 1908.
"I submit the affidavit as presented.
There are certain discrepancies of a
minor character, due to the fact that
Iawson Is illiterate and had to depend
his memory for details. But It
hould be borne in mind that Lawson
was iinm-qualnted with me aeiaus ot
he Bro-nsvtll raid and was given
nformation which could have come
nly from one familiar with the secret
history of the affair. Lawson s first
report Included the names of Conyers,
ohn Holloman, John Brown and "an
ther man." Subsequently he supplied
he name of James Powell, but I think
the original name given was that of
Herbert L. Colllor. Company C, one
the relief guard. This Information
was corroborated in me presence or
wicnesses, but before Lawson could
finish his work Conyers became sus
picious and would give no fu evi
dence Incriminating hlmselt. From
then on he furnished to A. H. Bald
win, Captain W. G. Baldwin and to
myself Information piecemeal, and re
luctantly. The name of Carolina Des
mussure. his bunkmate. was th6 last
one obtained.
Advised Not lo Confess.
"Conyers tried to commit suicide
after he found he had made his state
ments to a detective, declaring that
the other negroes would kill him when
It got out. He finally wrote to Senator
Foraker and received a reply, a copy
of which is annexed. That reply he
construed to mean that he should stick
to his original story, told before the
Senate committee at all hazards, and
there he stands. I have every reason
to believe that his confession Is genu
ine and ' gives for tne rirst time the
true secret history of the Brownsville
raid.
"The list of participants given ln this
report Conyers furnlsned me personat-
ly. I believe it Is substantially cor
rect, bu with the Influences shown
to be backing Conyers to adhere to
his falSK testimony given before the
Senate committee still being exerted,
he cannot be relied upon to support
his bwn confession until it Is thor
oughly sustained from other sources.
"Evidenced of similar encouragement
to stick to the lies told at Brownsville
and before the Senate commfttee were
found ln many places, and subsequent
to the date of the . Foraker letter they
became stronger and more obstructive
than ever.
Has Become Race Issue.
"The investigation has been conduct
ed with strict recognition of the ad
visability of preserving secrecy and
with discretion. No promises of Im
munity were made. The knowledge on
the part of the ex-soldiers that the
Government could not punish them af
ter separation from the service, coupled
with the belief that by preserving
silence they would aid' In the passage
of the relief legislation now pending
in Congress, has added to the diffi
culty of securing information.
"Th. issue has evidently become rac
ial. These colored detectives would be
confronted frequently ln the smaller
towns, where these men are llvins.
with a demand from colored men fur
information as to their business. j
"We have located over 130 ot these I
ex-soldiers, arid have been In 30 states
in quest of information. The appen-
dices give statements as to the results i
obtained. They indicate a general j
knowledge on the part of ex-soldiers
that the raid came from inside the
fort, and that the soldiers of Com
pany B were the guilty parties.
"We earnestly urge that we be per- i
mittcd tc continue the Investigation.
Several detectives are still in the field,
and within the coming week a num
ber of affidavits will be forthcoming."
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