THE MORNING OKEGOyiAN, TUESDAY, XOTmiBER 24, 1903.
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FORTtANI". nFCDAV, OV. M. 1BOS.
rARNEcrfra AirvifTC
Havlng gouged the people of the
United States, by means of so-called
protective tariff, out of his snug Uttle
fortune of liOO.000.000. Andrew
Carnegie now expresses the opinion
that the "Infant" has outgrown the
need of further' protection. Accord
ingly, that protective duties should
1ther be abolished, or greatly re
duced. It Is like talking to the wind.
Carnegie has made enough out of the
system, and now advises Its aban
donment. But there are yet others
who want to make fortunes out of It.
too though none can expect the
measure of success that Carnegie ob
tained. Smaller fortunes, however,
will suffice. Whoever, therefore, is
engaged In any line of Industry for
whose products there Is hope of
higher prices through protective
tariff, will stand against repeal or re
duction: and all who are so Interested
will stand together. In support of the
svstem.
The working people of the country
are easily persuaded that they get
higher wages, as a consequence; and
in meir canes doubtless It is true.
But It is all achieved at the higher
cost of goods to consumers, of whom
the working people constitute the
larger part.
It is useless to keep this subject
under the hammer. For the whole
country has Just Indicated, by a gen
eral election, that it Intends to main
tain tariff for protection. Everything
that could possibly be said or urged
against the system and Its abuses was
presented during the recent political
campaign. Now, it Is certain that
since the system Is to be maintained
It will be impossible to sacrifice some
parts of It for protection of others.
All will stand together, on the prin
ciple or plea that any breach in the
system will produce combinations for
its overthrow. Carnegie's advice wjlll
not be foi:owed at all; first, because
he, as the chlefest of the beneficiaries
of the tariff, is in no position to give
such counsel, at least till he shall
have accepted the advice that was
given to the man who was told, "Still
thou lacket one thing"; and second,
because his example and success
greatly excite the desire of others,
who wish opportunity to Imitate him,
even In small ways.
The committee that in "taking tes
timony" will make some kind of re
port to Congress; but such sugges
tions as it may make will be useless,
certainly ineffective, because when
the subject shall come before Con
gress the representatives of each
state and of each district will Insist
that their own particular Interests not
only shall not be sacrificed, but shall
be conserved, according to their
merits as estimated by themselves.
Any considerable changes, therefore,
that may be recommended by the
committee, will be turned down by
Congress. But In fact no radical
changes will be proposed. The elec
tions show that the time has not come
for what critics of protective policy
and politie-.ans who take up the cry
call tariff reform. It may come some
time; but the country still believes
that protective tariff is the key to its
prosperity. The Oregonlan finds this
so evident that It Is forced to the con
clusion th.it itself and other free
traders might better devote their
studies to other subjects, say those of
the law and the prophets.
NEW St'BSIDV DISCOVERY.
Ship-subsidy boosters discover all
sorts of strange reasons for the de
creasing size of the American mer
chant marine, and among the latest
additions to the list la something new
from a Seattle man. Editor Parkin
son, of a Seattle marine paper, is the
discoverer of this new reason. At a
public meeting in Seattle last week he
stated that the true reason for this
decline in American shipping was
"the Congress of the United Slates
and the presence at Washington of a
gigantic foreign ship lobby." Further
particulars of this "gigantic foreign
Fhlp lobby" would he interesting.
Every foreign shipowner is permitted
by his government to buy ships in the
open market, regardless of the flag
they sail under. As a result there Is
no other nation on the high seas to
day that Is forced to do business with
such high-priced tonnage as is forced
orf the Americans by our absurd laws.
The foreigner with a chenp ship
costing about one-half as much as the
American Is forced to pay has such an
immeasurable advantage over the lat
ter that there Is no reaosn why he
should pav a lobbyist to prevent the
funds of the American taxpayers be-'
ing given to millionaire shipowners In
the form of a subsidy. With ocean
freights down to bedrock in all parts
of the world, .with Idle tonnage rust
ing In all of the big ports, and with
Oregon and Washington wheat being
carried 13.000 miles by tramp steam
ers for ti per ton. the foreign ship
owner has plenty of use for his sur
plus funds without wasting them on a
lobby to prevent legislation which
could not possibly affect their micro
scopic earnings.
The past season would have been
an excellent time for us to secure an
American merchant marine, for the
foreign shipyards accepted orders
during the dull season at the lowest
rates on record, and this country
could not pay a subsidy large enough
to offset thin enormous saving on the
original cost of vessels. But a re
vision of our navigation laws that
would enable us to enter the race for
icean business on even terms with
our competitors, would not bring with
it a whol y unnecessary subsidy.
American shipmasters on trans-Atlantic
liners are paid the same sal
aries as the foreign masters, and In
the trarr.p steamers they are paid
slightly higher wages. In the case of
the crew, in the foreign trade tne
wages are the same on all ships. For
eign ships taking a crew from Port
land. Puget Sound or any otnPr
American port, pay the "going wages"
of the port.- and the American ship
does the same. The only real insur
mountable handicap that Is suffered
by the Americans Is the refussl of the
Government to grant to American clt
ly.ens the right to purchase vessels at
as low a cost as they can be purhcased
under the flag of other countries. It
would be a sickly merchant marine
we would have if it became neces
sary to subsidize our patriots In order
to secure It.
fOIXMBIA KIVKK rOUft.
To the long letter on Columbia
River pollcv, printed today, in which
the position of The Oregonlan as to
the right course to be pursued Is ques
tioned. The Oregonlan has but brief
reply to make. For brief reply will
cover the main points.
(1) What will be the good of an
open upper river when ships of suffi
cient size for the trade of the country
cannot enter and depart from the Co
lumbia River?
(2) What will be the good to
Portland of pressing Improvement of
the upper river, with neglect of the
lower river and bar?
(J) Of what use more than
merely local and small and temporary
use will be any facility for trans
portation down the Columbia Klver, If
the products can't be carried out to
sea? Observe that large vessels are
necessary now.
Not at all. nor for one moment,
does The Oregonlan oppose any Im
provement of the navigation of the
Upper Columbia and its tributaries.
But it says, because It knows, that an
open way to the ocean is the first
necessary thing. Every conduit must
be widest towards Its mouth: and the
outlet must be made to suit the In
take. When you build a house you
should begin with the foundation and
basement; not with the roof and the
rafters.
What Is the position of Portland?
It is for Portland herself to consider.
A deep river must be maintained from
Portland to the sea, or Portland will
cease to exist. But Portland will not
cease to exist. Therefore' she will
maintain a deep river to the sea, and
will continue her work to Increase the
present depth.
Already Portland has put a great
deal of money into this work. She
must put more. She must put in
creasing sums. She must raise them
by taxation since Government will
do nothing for relief of the situation.
But what manner of man is that citi
zen of Portland who urges tha: main
effort of the Government be concen
trated on rocky points of the upper
river, while the ship channel Uelow Is
left without Government aid, and
Portland is forced to go deeper and
deeper into her pocket to maintain
the necessary channel to the sea, for
the whole Columbia region?
All the traffic of the Columbia Val
ley will be nothing, or Insignificant,
without communication by deep ves
sels with the sea.
Some of our people, it seems, find it
difficult, or Impossible, to understand
simple propositions. They don't know
that the up-river navigation they
contend for will be useless, or
nearly so, without deep lower
river navigation and exit to the
sea. Nor can they for a moment
comprehend Portland's position, or
her relations to the problem. But
Portland knows: and therefore Port
land Is taxing herself enormously to
pay sums that the United States ought
to pay. The General Government
ought to do for the Lower Columbia
what It Is doing for the Lower Dela
ware, and for the commerce of Port
land what It is doing for the com
merce of Philadelphia. But it seems
there are some people In Portland
who do not think so. That la because
they are short-sighted, and haven't
Judgment to keep silence.
orEN-AIR SCHOOLS.
A novel method of overcoming the
plague of illiteracy that literally
scourges the province of Abruzzi,
Italy, has been instituted by the
Minister of Public Instruction in that
kingdom. Elementary Instruction has
been sadly neglected In Italy. In the
Abruzzi, for example, over sixty-eight
tion. without which men can neither
read nor write and to the density of
their ignorance is ascribed a long
train of evils. The majority of the In
habitants of the Abruzzi live for the
greater part of the year In huts In tha
mountains, far from towns and vil
lages, tending their flocks, and In
their large leisure hatching mischief.
To reach these people with instruc
tion, without which men can neither
be good subjects nor worthy citi
zens, the Italian Minister of Public
Instruction has suggested the employ
ment of what he calls "ambulant
teachers," 1. e., teachers who. Instead
of conducting clases In the schools,
expecting the children of these moun
tain shepherds to come to them, go
themselves to the mountains and
there teach them in the open air. In
sight of their grazing flocks.
In pursuance of this plan a number
of teachers have been provided with
horses and every morning they ride
up and down beating tha coun;ry for
pupils. These being rounded up, so
to speak. in sufficient numbers,
classes are organized, and study. In
struction and recitation go on In the
open air In sight of the grazing flocks.
The plan is working well. Not only
the boys, for whom it was' first insti
tuted, but the men as well, attend
these open-air classes, and thus It
often happns that the father and two
or three sons are seen side by side
in the same class. What the fathers
lack in the quickness that belongs to
youth is more than made up by their
earnestness and devotion to the work
in harrd.
A more ideal situation for study
than that presented by a care-free
peasantry on the hills under the blue
of the Italian sky can scarcely be
Imagined. The effort, though scarcely
a season bid. Is already bearing fruit.
The signs of vanishing illiteracy ap
pear In men and boys who spend their
spare time In studying their lessons
or In writing exercises on the black
board, which Is usually placed next
to the sheep pens, and It is predicted
that in a few years every Abruzzi
shepherd will be seen reading a book
while tending his flock.
This educational effort and oppor
tunity does not extend to the women
and girls of the province. The idea of
educating the women of the peasant
class has not yet Invaded Italy. They
are chief among menials In a condi
tion of life in which a-li are menials.
Mothers of numerous Children: the
most servile of caretakers: densely
Ignorant of the world beyond their
line of vision their native beauty soon
fades, and early old, they live on and
on, the petty details of their narrow
lives sufficing to 'fill the measure of
their existence. Before the new ed
ucatlonal movement becomes fully
effective among the Italian peasantry
tt must include In Its endeavor at least
the girls and young women, since all
experience has proved that Ignorant
wives and mothers are a handicap
upon civilization.
PESTROVIN'G JfATVRK, . BALANCE.
When man interferes In the wild
animal kingdom and slays Its denizens
the balance set up by nature is
usuaily destroyed and special indus
tries suffer. Thus, when the ranks
of the predatory coyote are decimat
ed the prolific Jackrabblt Increases
to the detriment of the alfalfa fields;
when a bounty is put upon hawks and
every gunner is abroad seeking this
despoller of chicken coops, field mice
multiply and the farmers' grain fields
are looted by the busy, voracious In
vader; the slaughter of lnsect-eatlng
birds is followed by an Increase of
orchard, garden and field pests.
The crow and the skunk are about
the only predatory creatures, the kill
ing of which will not affect disas
trously some industry. According to
a statement recently made, these pests
are the chief enemies of the Chinese
pheasant, being perniciously indus
trious In hunting out the nests and
destroying the eggs. The skunk, not
content with eating the eggs, has an
appetite also for the young chicks and
the pheasant, has no defense what
ever against this depredator. It Is
suggested in connection with a close
season of three years for these birds
that the Legislature offer a bounty for
crow and skunk scalps, since neither
of these creatures protects any Indus
try by their depredations and they are
the most despicable of sneak thieves
of the wild. But why the Legisla
ture? Why not the several counties
that have pheasants to protect?
ADVICE TO DEMOCRATS.
What the Democratic party needs
Is not reorganization, but dissolution.
It must be analyzed by fire into Its
ultimate elements before It can ever
amount to .inything effective. Once
entirely free, those elements would re
combine into a party which might
play a worthy part In history. That
the Democratic party as such can ever
do so, few unprejudiced persons be
lieve. It has no distinct, principles,
no purpose and no leadership. It per
forms no function which is not better
and more congruously performed by
the Republicans. It is absurd to think
that party government can subsist on
two conservative parties. Their prin
ciples being substantially the same,
neither can effectively criticise the
other. Constitutional opposition de
generates to insincere word play and
political campaigns amount to noth
ing but a sordid scramble for office.
The Democratic party has already
been reorganized to death. It ought
now to confess frankly that it is dead,
to cease its uncouth and. somewhat
ghastly mimicry of life, and after a
decent funeral mingle peaceably with
the spherical all. From its revered
ashes would arise, Phoenix-like, a
new party which would supply the
country with much-needed opposition
and criticism. Party government im
plies two parties of opposite princi
ples, not two which differ merely in
the fact that one outnumbers the
other. The Democratic party, if it
does its duty to the country, will re
organize by disbanding.
rNEQCAA YOKING.
It is rather startling to learn from
Rabbi Emll G. Hirsch. of Chicago,
that Unitarian and Catholic Chris
tians have more in common than have
reformed and orthodox Jews. Relig
iously, he means, of course. He does
not iwtsh to imply that the reformed
Jew becomes of different flesh and
blood from his orthodox brother, but
that their beliefs and practices are far
apart. George Eliot depicted some of
the orthodox practices in "Daniel
Deronda," probably to the life. There
Is nothing repulsive about them. ' On
the contrary, to one who has an in
nate predilection for martyrdom they
must be attractive. But a congenital
taste for martyrdom is so rare that
one fancies Dr. Hirsch is pretty
shrewd when he urges the maidens of
his congregation to beware of making
orthodox matches.
' He is correct in saying that in most
marriages the woman's mind is sub
dued to the man's unless they agree
at the outset. Methodist girls who
wed Catholics may be looked for at
the confessional within a few years,
and the children are fairly certain to
go to parochial schools. By the same
rule a girl of strict piety who marries
a "liberal" husband presently finds
the bonds of her faith relaxing. This
is the normal process In wedlock,
though there are exceptions where
the woman not only keeps her creed
intact, but converts her husband. Dr.
Hirsch is therefore Justified in his
fear lest Jewish maidens who marry
orthodox husbands may themselves
relapse Into orthodoxy. At first
glance one would not suppose this to
be a very dreadful fate, but Dr.
Hirsch evidently thinks there Is noth
ing much worse and he is a man who
usually has good reasons for his opin
ions. He remarks, for one thing, that hi3
own God Is a different being from the
one the orthodox Jew worships. We
Infer, therefore, that Dr. Hirsch's
concept of the Almighty is substan
tially the same as other cultivated and
progressive men's. To him the deity
Is not a mere magnified simulacrum
of an Assyrian monarch reveling In
cruelty and delighting In slaughter.
Far from it; he is a power that makes
for righteousness. Justice and uni
versal kindliness; and he dwells not
apart from his universe on a throne
of rpyal state, but he Is everywhere
present. Walt Whitman said in a
powerful verse that he found in the
street every day signed letters from
God. One fancies that Dr. Hirsch
might express himself much In the
same way If he were a great poet in
stead of a great preacher. On the
other hand. It seems that the strictly
orthodox Jew, like the prehistoric
Presbyterian, worships a being not
unlike the Jehovah of Genesis. This
tribal deity had many unlovely traits.
He was revengeful, cruel, a foe to
culture and exceedingly narrow
minded. Evidently the Chicago rabbi
means to Intimate that his worship
ers resemble him. This does not
necessarily follow. It is wonderful
how much better men In general are
than their creeds. Still, one who de
liberately prefers the ancient Jehovah
to a deity of modem type may with
out injustice be supposed to have
some of the same characteristics. He
must, in fact, be of a mental type
totally unlike the person who instinc
tively prefers the enlightened concept
of the Almighty. Here, then, we
come upon the true reason why Dr.
Hirsch advises progressive girls not
to marry orthodox men. It Is not be
cause their creeds differ and they
have fqrmed their lives in diverse
habits. All that can be Harmonized
easily enough. It is because they be
long to mental types so fundamentally
unlike that they cannot be reconciled.
Some marriages are miserable be
cause husband and wife are fools.
Excluding these from consideration,
one may affirm pretty confidently that
a couple can manage -to pull in har
ness together in tolerable comfort if
they look at life in the same general
way. Otherwise they cannot George
Eliot said a different taste in jokes
was apt to wreck a marriage. Noth
ing could be truer, because nothing
strikes deeper root into one's being
than his feeling for humor. Sectarian
differences are not very profound as a
rule, but between the mind which
clings to the old Biblical Jehovah and
the mind which accepts the modern
enlightened universal Father the gulf
that yawns Is impassable. The re
formed Jew is much nearer to the
progressive Christian type than he Is
to the orthodox reactionary. Hence
a woman of the reformed party in
Israel is better assured of spiritual
as well as mental sympathy from a
Gentile husband than from a reac
tionary of her own race. It appears,
therefore, that Dr. Hirsch counseled
wisely when he urged progressive
Jewish women not to shun Christian
marriages. Such marriages are also
commendable on the broad ground
that they tend to break up sectarian
and racial excluslveness.
The course of the Chicago wheat
market Saturday and Mo"hday would
Indicate that the heavy frost which
was reported from the Argentine
early last week had a greater effect
in the bull camp in the Chicago wheat
pit than at any other point. Liver
pool, which follows the American ad
vances with heavy and dragging foot
steps, failed to show signs of cold feet
when the Argentine frost was report
ed, and yesterday suffered a further
decline. Testerday's statistics were
all bearish, the visible showing a
heavy increase, with world's ship
ments also 1,000,000 bushels greater
than for the preceding week. For all
this, there is a great deal of under
lying strength in the market. With
sixty pounds of corn selling for 80
cents, the same quantity of wheat at
II to $1.07 does not seem abnormally
high, and the price of the coarser
cereal has been maintained at high
figures for a much greater period
than that of wheat.
"The poor, benighted Hindu" seems
to think the "best he kin do" is to
remain In British Columbia; there
fore, the offer of the Canadian gov
ernment to send 2000 of these
swarthy British subjects to British
Honduras has been declined without
thanks. Two of the Hindus made a
trip to Honduras for the purpose of
Investigating conditions there, and on
their return advised their countrymen
to remain where they are. It is. of
course, the right of these men from
the Far East to endure the slings and
arrows, brickbats and clubs of out
rageous fortune as exemplified by
union labor rather than to rush boldly
Into those of -which they know not.
Still, In view of the treatment they
have received, and with a cold Win
ter approaching, it would seem that
almost any place other than the Pa
cific Northwest would have attractions
for them.
Ministers of twenty-five towns In
the Kansas-Missouri zinc-rr.ining dis
trict, in their petitions to the Al
mighty on Thanksgiving day, will
pray for a tariff on zinc ore. While
the foreign zinc miners will probably
fall to observe Thanksgiving day,
they are undoubtedly Christians; if
they should hear of this Missouri plan
It might lead to an embarrassing di
lemma. It seems reasonable to be
lieve that prayers for a tariff on zinc,
and also for free zinc, would place
the Almighty in a position where he
could hardly please both factions.
There is, of. course, a possibility that
he might regard the tariff as "a local
issue" and decline to take any action
in the matter. The Almighty would
get drawn into many unpleasant com
plications if he followed the petitions
of some of his people, or all of his
people.
The citizens of Eugene have set
themselves to the task of raising J50,
000 for the construction of a' T. M.
C. A. building. So earnest and active
have been those who have the details
of the work in charge that something
over 31,000 has already been pledged
and there Is every reason to believe
that the full sum will be realized.
The example set in this matter by
Eugene Is one that might commend-
ably be followed by other prosperous
Valley cities. The university town is
jertalnly entitled to credit for the
public spirit displayed in this under
taking. Without doubt the desired
end will be gained.
The Shah of Persia has finally de
cided that the people shall not have a
constitution, and his proclamation to
that effect has been issued. The
leaven of reform is working in Persia
as well as in many other outlying pre
cincts throughout the w-orld where
civilization has not yet secured a
strangle hold. It would not be sur
prising to learn before many weeKs
pass that the people of Persia had
decided that they did not care to have
a Shah and that their proclamation
was written in blood.
Nearly two years ago Banker Ross,
in one of his confidential letters, pre
dicted that the legislators who put
through the Oregon banking law
would look back on their achievement
with anything but pride. It thus
transpires that one of Banker Ross
distinguished accomplishments is that
of being a prophet. The law has been
a farce so far as he is concerned.
The Statement legislators of Mult
nomah County have been meeting be
hind closed doors and developing
their political secrets within. Not
since the old boss days have the mem
bers of the Legislature dared to shut
out the public from their confidences.
It surprises nobody who knows
Salmon King Hume, of Rogue River,
that sickness has been unable to "do
him up" or carry him off; a lot of
other enemies have tried that before.
Official vote of Illinois: Taft. 630,
020; Bryan, 450.702. Plurality for
Taft, 179,318. For Governor Deneen
648.385, for Stevenson 625,067. Plu
rality for Deneen,-23.31 8.
Remember, you growlers, that this
warm rain makes the grass grow and
helps the cows bring down the price
of butter.
Should the Kaiser ever meet Roose
velt he should take some talking les-
TOO ' LONG BETWEEN" DRIXKS
Buyers of Liqnor by Freight Com
plain of Slow Service.
SALEM. Or., Nov. ' 23. (Special.)
Buyers of intoxicating liquor in Linn and
Lane counties are evidently having a
hard time securing much desired thirst
quenchers, for slow freights have added
to the difficulties Imposed by the local
option law. For relief an appeal has
been made to the Railroad Commission.
Robert Denton, of "Harrisburg. in Linn
County reently complained to the Stan
dard Liquor Company, of this city, that
his order of a week ago has not yet been
filled. The Standard Liquor Company
transmitted his letter to the Railroad
Commission with the further complaint
that its shipments to Albany and othr
Linn County towns are three days on the
road while shipments to owns farther
south are not delivered in less than four
or five days.
The liquor company says It has appealed
to the Southern Pacific agent and he can
not promise quicker dellverlfs, so Uie
company asks the Railroad Commission
to help secure better freight service.
POWDER BADLY BURNS GIRL
Lighted Match, Thrown to Floor,
Drops Into Explosive.
ALBANY, Or., Nov. 23. (Special.)
Rose Osborne, a young woman residing
at Waterloo, Linn County, was ternbly
bumed last night in an explosion which
occurred In a most peculiar manner.
She was awakened during the night
and believing she heard someone in the
house struck a match. As the flame
died down she threw the match toward
the floor and it fell in a powder box.
The explosion which followed moved
the house partially off Its foundations
and burned the girl severely about the
head and body. Her Injuries are se
vere but she will recover.
The powder had been used by the
girl's brother in mining and had been
left in the bedroom, so as not to he
near the stoves in the other parts of
the house. In some manner the lid on
the box had come partially off and
left a hole through which the burning
match dropped.
PACIFIC HOXORS PEARSONS
Philanthropist Loudly Cheered When
He Appears at Chapel.
PACIFIC UNIVERSITY, Forest Grove,
Or., Nov. 23. (Special.) Dr. D. K.
Pearsons, the noted college benefactor of
Chicago, who has been visiting Pacific Uni
versity for the past few days, left this
afternoon for Southern California, where
he will spend the Winter. The philan
thropist has been acquainting himself
with the needs of the university and ex
pressed himself as much pleased with
the work of the institution. Dr. Pearsons
has" donated J6O.O0O to Pacific University
and has stated his intention of doing
more for the school in the near future.
A large gathering of students and
citizens of Forest Grove was held this
morning in the college chapel in honor of
the visitor. When Dr. Pearsons, accom
panied by President Ferrin, stepped on
to the platform, he was greeted by an
ovation lasting many minutes.
MAY HAVE TO SEND FOR VOTE
Special Messenger May Go to Curry
County for Returns.
SALEM, Or., Nov. 23. (Special.)
That the prolonged delay In securing
election returns from Curry County Is
not due to poor mail facilities is fully
shown by the fact that Secretary of
State Benson today received from Curry
County an official letter mailed at Gold
Beach on November 19. The letter
came through In less than four days.
Twenty days have passed since election
and the returns have not yet been re
ceived from Curry County.
The statutes authorize the Secretary
of State to send a special messenger
after the returns if they cannot be ob
tained In any other manner, and it may
yet be necessary to send some one out
to Curry County to find out what the
official vote in that county was.
HOPE TO ARREST RIPLIXGER
Federal Aid Promised in EfforJ to
Secure Defaulter.
SEATTLE. Wash., Nov. 23. (Special.)
Unless the plans of the State Department
officials at Washington miscarry, John
R. Rlplinger, Seattle's defaulting City
Controller, who fled to Honduras after
embezzling an amount in excess of J50.
000, will be arrested and brought back to
this city within the next four weeks.
Ripltnger, after leaving this country,
fled to Honduras, where he hoped to
evade arrest from the fact that Honduras
had no extradition treaty with the Uni
ted States.
The fugitive is now located 12 miles
from Irona, on the coast of Honduras,
where he is operating a banana planta
tion under the name of J. R. Rich.
HENDRICKS FORGED CHECKS
Missing Aberdeen Bookkeepei
Leaves Bad Record Behind.
ABERDEEN, Wash., Nov. 23. (Spe
cial.) Forged checks amouning to a
known total of $103 are now believed
to have been issued by J. A. Hendricks,
ex-bookkeeper of the American Con
tracting Company, who has been miss
ing for several weeks. The checks had
been turned back to the company by
the bank as cancelled when the forger
ies were noticed.
Hendricks' books are In bad shape,
but this was attributed to neglect. A
careful accounting will now bo made
to determine the exact amount of the
shortage.
Hendricks comes from a well-to-do
r ti oulvflnlo fnmllv. and freouentlv re
ceived remittances from home.
KILLED BY STRAY BULLET
Seattle Youth Felled While Hunting
Lost Cow on Fifteenth Avenue.
S BATTLE, Wash., Nov. 23. (Special.)
Roy W. Gager, who lived at 2101 Tenth
avenue. South, was killed about S o'clock
this afternoon by a stray bullet. Gager
was found in a dying condition in the
3100 block on Fifteenth avenue South.
Before he died he told G. Lively that
some one had shot him, but he did not
know who. It was evident he had walked
a block after being struck by the bullet.
Gager worked in the freight yards of
the Great Northern Railroad and was
hunting a stray cow when the accident
happened. He was 22 years old. The
police are investigating.
Storm Abates at Coos Bay.
MARSHFTELD, Or., Nov. 23. (Spe
cial.) The storm of several days past has
abated somewhat, but the sea is still
rough. The Breakwater, which left yes
terday for Portland, was the only boat to
leave here. The Plant, Nan Smith and
several other vessels are still in port.
The breakers along the rocky coast south
of here are exceptionally heavy.
Yakima Seeks Jobbing Rates.
NORTH YAKIMA. Wash.. Nov. 23. A
movement is on to make North Yakima
the jobbing center for all the valley from
Kennewick to the Cascades. It was begun
by the Hartung-Larson Hardware Com
pany, which is seeking a local freight rate
from the Northern Pacific with a view to
establishing a wholesale hardware house.
ENROLLMENT IS NOW 1072
O. A. C. Reports 135 Students From
Outside State.
CORVALLIS. Or.. Nov. 23. Special.)
The total enrollment in the Oregon
Agricultural College for the present
semester Is 1072 students, distributed in
the various courses as follows: Agricul
ture. 168: forestry, 23; domestic science
and art. 167; civil engineering. 114: elec
trical engineering. lt)o; mechanical engi
neering. 134; mining engineering. 52;
commerce. 122; pharmacy. 89; music 40.
Classified by counties, states and for
eign countries,, the students are distrib-,
tited as follows:
Baker 17 'Wallowa 10
Benton
. .ltl3:Wasco 14
Clackamas
Clatsop
Columbia . . .
Coos
Crook. ......
Curry
Douglas
Giin.im ....
Omnt
Harney ....
Hood River.
Jackson . . . .
Josephino
. . 4.'. Washington 42
. . 22 Wheeler
. . Hi, Yamhill 52
. . 12 Alaska "
.. SlCallfornla 18
4 Idaho IS
leu1 India
.ri Indiana
11 Iowa T
K Illinois 1
21 Japan 1
IS Kansas "
12 Montana '2
lit Michigan 2
Klamatn
J.ake Missouri -
Lane 32: North Dakota .... 1.
Lincoln ., SlOklahoma 1'
llnn 4.1, New York 1
Malheur lilJNeoraska 9
Manon 3S Nevada 1
Morrow 26j Pennsylvania 3
Multnomah ?R;South Carolina 2
Polk "4South Dakota 3
Phetman l."!Texas 1
Tillamook ....... 7 rtah ,
I'matllla ill Washington . .... S
Union 22 Wisconsin 3
SfMMARY.
Whole- number from Orea-on 937
From other state and countries...... 133
Total 1,072
BUY CANNED STUFF SATURDAY
Spokane Stores Not Allowed to Sell
on Sunday.
SPOKANE. Wash., Nov. 23. fSpe
clal.) Every store In Spokane selling
conned goods is warned to obey strictly
the Sur.day-closing law.
Grocers, bakers or any dealers in
these goods whose store is found open
November 29 next Sunday will be
prosecuted under the state statute.
Tho Prosecuting Attorney's office,
through Deputy George A. Lee. has Is
sued notice' to 75 stores, coming under
this classification, that any violation of
the Sunday-closing law by stores open
ing for the sale of groceries or canned
goods on November 29 or after will be
prohibited. A committee of six or seven
men will be in evidence Sunday to sea
that the day is not desecrated.
The order Issued by the Prosecuting
Attorney's office does not apply to the
canfectioners or cigar stores. It is un
derstood that the order issued by Dep
uty Lee was made because of complaints
filed by members of the Spokane Retail
Grocers' Association who were obeying
the law.
ASK CHAMBERLAIN TO SPEAK
Oregon's Executive to Represent
Governors at Washington.
SALEM. 6r Nov. 23. (Special.)
Governor Chamberlain has been Invited
to represent all the Governors of the
United States in an address at the open
ing of the National Conservation Con
ference at Washington, D. C, on De
cember 8. He has accepted this invita
tion as also an invitation to deliver an
address before the Rivers and Harbors
Congress, wich will be In session the
same week.
The invitation to speak ac the con
servation Conference was conveyed in
the following telegram from Gifford
PInchot, head of the Bureau of Forest
ry, who Is making the arrangements
for the conference:
"We are planning a Ereat meetlnp here to
open conservation week on the afternoon of
Tuesday. December 8. The President will
u . :.- n ..necl. Tudrfl Taft al0- We
want you to speak for the Governors. On
acceptance I will write full particulars.
SEEKS HER LOVER'S RECORD
Ohio Girl Fears to Wed Man Lest He
May Be Married.
SPOKANE, Wash., Nov. 23. (Spe
cial.) Fearing to wed a man with whom
she had yept company for a year, lest
he may have a wife and children or
child in Spokane, Miss Grace William
son, of 243 West Second street. East
Liverpool. O., has written to Chief of
Police Rice to learn of Frank Lowe's
Spokane record.
Miss Williamson states in her commu
nication that she has heard that Lowe,
who is seeking her hand in marriage,
has been married for three years and
that a wife and at least one child of
the man live in Spokane. Miss Will
iamson writes that, according to infor
mation that has reached her. Lowe and
his wife lived about four doors from the
Gonzaga College, here in Spokane.
No trace of "Frank Lowe" can be
found in Spokane's city directory for
1906. 1907 or 1908, and it Is strongly sus
pected that the lover has been slandered
and that the wedding bells may soon
ring for Miss Williamson.
STOCKHOLDERS
MUST PAY
Receiver of La Grande Bank -Calls
for 100 Per Cent Assessment.
LA GRANDE. Or., Nov. 23. (Special.)
Receiver Walter Neldner, of the defunct
Farmers & Traders National Bank, will
notifv stockholders of the suspended in
stitution during the next week that an as
sessment of loo per cent will be levied
on all stock. The $60,000 capital stock will
be used to defray expenses of the re
ceivership and apply on the repayment
of the depositors.
Only Scriber, the bankrupt cashier of
the defunct bank, cannot meet the as
sessments. Scriber holds a majority of
the stock and the assessment on that
stock will be made a claim against the
Scriber estate. The estate may pay 80
cents on the dollar, meaning a similar
payment against the receiver claims.
There are 25 shareholders In the corpora
tion, most of them holding limited num
bers of stock.
HELD AT BAY BY AVILD MAN
Four Men Make Capture Only After
Promise of Auto Ride.
TACOMA. Wash., Nov. 23. (Special.)
Surrounded by two Deputy Sheriffs
and two plain clothes men of the police
force, John Kohobbofr, a Russian, about
28 years old, who. last night, viciously
resisted the police and was left In his
hut by the Puyallup River, near Dead
Man Cut. this morning surrendered
after being promised a ride in an auto
mobile and a "square" breakfast.
Last night three big officers tried
to arest the wild man. but Kohobbofr
braced himself In his den and bellowed
like a mad bull. .Then he began to
bite and scratch. He tore Detective
Huckabas' coat with his teeth and left
marks on the detectives hands.
Spokane Eagles Challenge World.
SPOKANE, Wash., Nov. 23. (Spe- ,
cial.) A challenge to all dril teams of
the word for a competitive drill at the
A.. Y. P. for a prize of not less than
ilOOO is proposed to be issued by the
Spokane Aerie, No. 2. of this city. "The
degree team of the Spokane Eagles
under Captain Robert A. Koontz will
be pitted against any drill team in the
world at the A. Y. P. if entries can be
secured." stated Delegate Cary Smith
today. "We have the matter under con
sideration and a challenge will be Is
sued by the Spokane Aerie."
LEGISLATOR AXIJ THEIR DUTY
War PTesiqeartnl Elector Vote- for
Somlsef of Party.
PORTLAND. Nov. 22. (To the- Ed
itor.) Some appear to think there is
analogy between Legislators and Pres
idential Elector:.' The difference Is
radical. There was a time when there
was resemblance, but there is little or
none now. Originally, Presidential
Electors were chosen, not by the peoplo
) of the state directly, as now. but In
such manner as the Legislatures of the
several states directed. Our fathers
originally intended to repose In Elec
toie absolute control In secret ballot
the final election of a President. This
theory has become completely subvert
ed in practice and years of acquies
cence, though still much the same
mechanism is employed.
Shortly after our Constitution was
adopted, our Electors became, to all in
tents and purposes, absolute servants
of political parties, merely to carry out
party wishes, and to this day they for
mally vote, the party Instruction not
i the wish of even the whole people, sim
ply the wish of a party. Today all Re
publican Electors will vote for Taft,
and all Democratic Electors will voto
for Bryan. You will see no Bryan men
voting for the whole peoples choice.
Electors today are unlike Legislators,
who are free for their own discretion
ary action. Each Elector must act
under oath of office, to support the
Constitution as it Is now construed,
and be a mere automaton to carry out,
not his own will, nor even the people's
will, but simply his party's will.
For an Elector to act contrary to
this National understanding would be
a bneach of his well-understood pledge
to the party that elected him, and also
a violation of the now universally
adopted construction of oun Federal
Constitution. It Is also well under
stood that Electors are In duty bound
even to disregard people's choice and
to respect only that of their own party.
Not a Bryan Elector is expected by
anyone to carry out or respect the
whole people's choice by voting for
Taft.
It is claimed that Republican Elec
tors are not bound by legal require
ments to vote for Mr. Taft. but they
are. They are bound to support the
Constiti tion as now construed as much
as they were formerly bound to sup
port its actual wording. Each Elector
will have to take oath to support the
Constitution its established construc
tion being a part of It and for yea's
it has been construed, through univer
sal assent, that each Elector is In duty
bound to support the National nominee
of his own party ticket. Owing to long
contemporaneous and unanimous prac
tical construction, such action Is now
as much our Elector's plain Constitu
tional duty as, under its former literal
reading. It was their duty -to choose
for themselves.
Really, It is a striking historical
illustration of virtual amendment, not
by ordinary process 'but through uni
versal acquiescent construction by the
whole people for years, and today It is
exactly the same as though it were ac
tually written into the Constiution It
self, In so many words, that It Is their
duty to support party cholqe. The
Nation has so made it. It is a com
plete metamorphosis . of t the original
constitutional electoral system. While
a state like Oigon cannot amend or
construe our Federal Constitution, our
Nation can. It would today be Just as
much a breach of oath for the Electors
to violate this construction as it would
have been a hundred years ago to have
violated the literal reading.
The Nation, also by unanimity, might
virtually amend our Constitution con
cerning election of Senators, but it has
not; and it was monumental folly for.
Oregon ever to start In to disregard
existing supreme law.
L,ffuui. iiayo paiii-!"-.! dis
cretion duty. Electors have none. A
Legislator cannot divest himself of this
final duty, but an Elector through long
custom, which makes law, is now a
mere clerical officer, to record the vote
of his party nominee and that alone.
Electors are pledged to observe the
Constitution, as now universally under
stood, while with our Legislators, under
Statement No. 1, Oregon is trying to
"pledge" them and to "instruct" them
to disregard It, and to permit someono
else to choose and select a Senator for
them.
A Legislator, is or now should be
unbound, and free to do his duty, and
select a Senator, and free fiom unlaw
ful pledge to the contrary: while an
Elector is now constitutionally tied to
the National nominee of his own party.
The Nation can so bind an Elector but
no state, through any statement, can
tie up a Legislator's constitutional pow
er to cast his own oath-duty vote as
he pleases for Senator.
As to the Dakota decision, all concede
its soundness but some deny Its appli
cation to Statement No. 1. However,
our Statement lawyers are careful to
limit their comments to the Statement
alone and to say nothing about the Da
kota knockout to our futile state at
tempt to require all Legislators to vote
for Oregon's people's choice, Why not
frankly admit that any "instruction"
law, ours Included, is null and void, be
cause it violates the National Constitu
tion, and that the Dakota case so de
cides? Of course, the provisions In Da
kota requiring members to make a
statement differs from our primary
law, which says they may. Yet the
principle of the Dakota decision, name
ly. Its ruling constitutional doctrine
that legislative discretion to vote as
they themselves please must remain
vested in Legislators on the Senatorial
question, destroys the lawfulness of any
voluntary pledge to assign or transfer
their own discretion to Oregon voters,
and It Is quite unnecessary to add, an
nuls also all attempts by our state "in
struction" act to compel it.
In Dakota, it was held violative of the
Constitution to force members to take
a pledge to support other than their
own choice, because of their own Con
stitutional authority and duty to
choose. So a fortiori wolud be any at
tempted "pledge relinquishment" of
their sworn constitutional duty.
Though the situation may be differ
ent, the principle is applicable the same
In Oregon as in Dakota.
As the Dakota court said: "He"
the candidate "by any such pledge di
vests himself of all disctetioned free
dom of action In the discharge of a por
tion of his official duties if elected."
Certainly, Statement pledges are
against the Constitution, and the oath
to do the duty it requires. No Legis
lator has any right to sign away his
own constitutional discretion duty in
the choosing and electing of a Senator.
It's immaterial how much "word" he
gives the more the worse. No Constitution-supporting
voter should ever de
mand it and the more urgent the de
mand, the woie.
Will some Statement No. 1 partisan
tell where a Legislator gets authority
to pledge or sign away to any voter the
Legislator's own .final sworn duty to
select the Senator?
And where do Intermeddling voters,
bound, like the candidate, by allegiance
to supreme law, get any right to hold
up a candidate and make him promise
to yield up to them his constitutional
duties of office if elected, and to vio
late his oath of office to exercise his
own final duty in choosing and electing
a Senator and "divest" himself, as the
Supreme Court of Dakota said, of his
official duty?-
Nelthen can be shown. The wonder
fully weighty response "sophistry" will
not "answer. M. C. GEO RGB.