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rOBTL..VU, TVESDAr, AUG. IS. lSOB.
TILE NEURO AM) TUB MGOEB.
Gentlemen from Africa that Is,
some of them ore endeavoring; to
make .themselves figures and factors
In the political contest of this year.
That's Just the right thing. Very un
wisely, some forty years ago, the Re
publican party endowed the negro
with the suffrage; or, as our Demo
cratic brethren say, with a sneer, "en
franchised the nigger." It has been
the main object and purpose of the
Democratic party ever since to "sup
press the nigger vote," especially in
states where It would count. Hence
the solid South. Hence the Demo
cratic party enters every contest for
the Presidency with fully one-third of
the entire electoral vote counted for
its candidates, in advance. Under
stand, we are not blaming the solid
South. The white people in those
states deem suppression of the polit
ical activity of the negro necessary for
the preservation of civilization.
But while Mr. Bryan and his man
agers are thus basing all their hopes
on "suppression of niggers" in the
South; they are angling with all their
skill for the negroes in the North.
Observe the distinction between nig
gers and negroes.
At Washington City a week ago
there was a convention of "the Na
tional American Independence Politi
cal League." It was a negro conven
tion and was "dead set" against Taft.
It declared for Bryan. It does not
appear that there were any "niggers"
from the South in the convention. The
members consisted of negroes from
the North. They were furious against
Taft because Roosevelt had issued the
Brownsville order, and Taft Is Roose
velt's candidate.
The Democratic party of the coun
try, under the leadership of Bryan,
which has its heel on the niggers of
the South and crushes them as a po
litical entity, -Is now making its suit
and paying its court to the negroes
of the North, the colored gentlemen
who have not had sufficient consider
ation at the hands of the Republican
party. No person who knows the his
tory of the country, the political strife
that has been carried on through more
than a half-century, over the status
of the negro race including the Civil
War; no cynic in search of bitter
and mordant speech, could find any
thing more to his hand or liking or
purpose, than the spectacle of the
Democratic party, now cap in hand
before the few negro votors of North
ern States, begging them to elect
Bryan, while at the same time the nig
gers of the South are deprived of
suffrage and held down to a condition
of subservience and inequality, as an
only expedient for preservation of civ
ilization. ,
But the speakers of the league of
sounding name, whose convention was
held at Washington City, were direct
and forthright in their declarations on
the situation. "In twelve states of
this Union," one of the great orators
exclaimed, "we are disfranchised,
Jim-crowed,' and deprived of our
rights as American citizens. Let us
vote for Bryan! If the 900.000 negro
voters in the North and East will go
to the polls and vote for William J.
Bryan for President, thus assuring his
election, they will administer a death
blow to Southern disfranchisement
and 'Jim-crowlsm,' and will give the
Republican party a lesson!" The logic
of all this Is overwhelming. The
Democratic National Convention could
well afford to hire it at a high price.
But another speaker got into the
religious side of the subject. He said:
"Taft U not a Christian; he denies the
divinity of Jesus Christ and 'denies the
Holy Trinity, and Is not fit to adminis
ter the laws of the United States,
which are founded on tie Bible; and
his election to the Presidency would
be a reproach to the country and a
menace to the rights of all Christian
citizens!"
It is said there are some white peo
ple who sympathize with this view.
Possibly; though we shouldn't think it
likely. Taft is said to be, nominally,
a Unitarian. Probably he doesn't
"work at it" much more than Bryan
works at Presbyterlanlsm. Now Chris
tianity, used as a term or expression.
Includes innumerable shades of spec
ulation and belief. Neither Taft nor
Bryan is more or other than a nomi
nal Christian. Jefferson, the great
JefTerson, founder of the Democratic
party, wasn't a Christian at all, nor in
any. sense. He was simply a "free
thinker," and not even a reverent one.
Nor was Lincoln a Christian; though
his mind was of much more reverent
cast than that of Jefferson. Our Con
stitution of the United States forbids
any Inquiry into religious belief as a
test for office. It Is In the first amend
ment, and JefTerson, the great apostle
of "infidelity," had it inserted. But
we suppose those persons, white or
black, who are disturbed about Taft's
unbelief in the doctrine of the Holy
Trinity, or his rejection of the .divinity
of Jesus Christ, will feel assured that
if Taft shall be beaten and Bryan
elected, there will be no further ques
tion about this Holy v Trinity, and the
old controversy as to the divine na
ture and the relations of the Father,
the Son and the Holy Spirit, that has
racked the Church from the days of
Arius and Athanasius, will be settled
by this election, and will trouble the
Christian world no more!
The contention of the Bryan Afri
cans then Is, that election of Bryan
will secure negro suffrage in the South
and cut out Jim Crow cars; and more
over, will settle the ancient contro
versies of the Christian church and
I enable us at last to distinguish be
tween homoiouslan and homoouslatu
This Is a treat and progressive age.
and the negro of the North and the
nigger of the South, is a greater m:
than anvhodv ever thought him.
their next effort we trust our colored
pundits will treat the doctrine of flli
oque, on which the Western and East-,
ern churches divided over 1000 years
ago a doctrine directly reiatea to
these high things, on which the Greek
Church stands t& this day at variance
nrtty, Boman and Protestant Christian
ity. Let's settle all .these things now,
by election of Bryan.
ABCSE OF THE PRIMARY LAW.
Complaint continues In Illinois
about the interference of Democratic
voters in the Republican primary. It
Is found practically impossible in any
state to prevent the Intrusion or mem
bers of a minority party in the affairs
of the majority party so many are
the incentives to it. The Chicago
Tribune, taking for a text the abuses
In Illinois, says:
How far primary legislation can go In
protecting ona party from the malicious and
Injurious Interference or anotner is a ques
tion which demand serious consideration.
That the protection should be effective Is
manifest, however much yoters may resent
a precaution which requires In a measure
a violation of the spirit of the election law
guaranteeing the secrecy of the ballot. The
resentment should be tempered by tha
thought that primary legislation Is a recog
nition of tha Integrity of party organisation
and that one of its chief purposes la to pre
serve for the members of any party the
right of a free choice.
The Aberdeen (Wash.) World, in
an article on attempted participation
of Democrats In that state, says:
Tha opinion of the Attorney-General that
a vote for a candidate at tha forthcoming
primary la a vote for him as a candidate
of that party whose name is at the head
of the ballot, la sound law and good logic
There' may be divergent Ideas of the Inter
pretation of tha primary law as respects
newspaper advertising, but there can be but
one opinion on tha law as a party law;'w
have no Statement No. 1, for Democratic
Jugglery.
From the same paper we quote
these further remarks, which show
how in the State of Washington the
abuse is partially checked:
Of course, there Is no way by which tha
brethren of the opposition may ba prevented
altogether from entering the Republican pri
maries, so long as tha gentlemen are willing
to perjure themselves; but every vote so
casta counte as a Republican vota and goes
to tha nomination of a Republican candi
date. Still. It Is very probable that
many a Democrat wilr throw away his
chance of heaven by quenching tha still,
small, admonitory voice within and call for
a Republican ballot.
LAWYER' ETHICS.
Doctors and lawyers have fallen Into
the habit of parading their profes
sional ethics with a certain pomp as
If the possession of an exclusive rule
of conduct gave them moral pre-emi-
bence over the rest of mankind; but it
may be seriously doubted whether
these imposing codes affect their be
havior very much. They act about
the same as they would with no other
rules than those which ordinary peo
ple are supposed to obey. The one
word "honor," fully apprehended, con
tains a complete code of ethics which
is ample for all professional exigencies
as well as those of common life. If a
yd"ung lawyer, at the outset of his ca
reer, should resolve to do nothing dis
honorable and should adhere strictly
to his resolution, his behavior In court
and out of it would be above reproach.
The same is true of doctors. Not long
ago a so-called new code of ethics
was adopted for lawyers. It was for
mulated by a pretentiously respectable
committee, and it reiterates with awe
some solemnity a number of precepts
which no decent man would think of
disobeying, whether they were cate
gorically codified . or not. Most of
these precepts are set down in a sort
of creed which the committee asks
each State Legislature to make Its
lawyers swear to.
Let us examine one or two articles
of this lawyers' creed. The person
who subscribes to It first swears that
he will support the Constitution of the
United States and of the state where
he practices. What man of honor
does not support the constitutions?
There are many who would like to see
them amended In various ways, but
until the amendments are adopted no
body, unless he is a criminal, thinks
of trying to overthrow the funda
mental law. . It is one of the conven
tions which make life possible in a
free country that everybody shttll obey
the law until it 1b altered, though any
man is at liberty to try legitimately to
get it altered. There is no more pro
priety in making lawyers promise to
support the constitution than there
would be in causing them to agree not
to commit arson. Neither promise
binds an honorable man by any new
obligation, while a person who would
violate the Constitution would not
hesitate to violate an oath to support
1. But the way lawyers keep their
oath of loyalty to the Constitution is
Interesting. It illustrates the Intrinsic
value of all such solemn Incantations.
They act very much as theologians
do in similar predicaments. When a
theologian dislikes the plain meaning
of. a text of Scripture, he proceeds to
interpret it; that is, he makes it mean
something else. Thus the pious ex
positor never disobeys the Scriptures,
because he can always make them
conform to his conduct. In the same
way the lawyer deals with the Consti
tution which he reveres so profoundly
He never violates it, and the reason
why he does not is that he makes it
mean whatever he wishes. This may
be ethical, but it is not honorable. The
man who takes the oath swears in the
next clause that he "will maintain the
respect due to courts and Judicial offi
cers." What decent citizen would
think of doing otherwise? By the
way, it is a curious question why the
courts have become so sensitive lately
about the respect which Is their due.
A man whose social position Is un
questioned never troubles himself
much to exact formal tributes of re
spect It la only those who walk on
the edge of disrepute who become un
easy over the way people salute them.
The one sure way for the courts to
obtain and keep the respect of good
citizens is for them to make the ad
ministration of Justice speedy, Impar
tial and sensible. As things are it
may be impartial, but It is neither
speedy nor sensible. In fact, the de
lays and complexities are such that
even in civil causes Justice is often
virtually denied to the poor, while all
candid observers admit that the ad
ministration of the criminal law in
the United States has broken down.
The plain truth of the matter is that
rich, criminals can. no longer be
brought to punishment and the worse
the crime the more certain the immu
nity of the offender.
This being the case it is no wonder
that the courts feel somewhat sensK
tive about exacting the outward sym
bols of respect since they must feel a
manifest lack of those inner qualities
which command respect. Instead of
requiring lawyers to swear that they
will render these outward symbols
with all scrupulosity, it would seem to
be a great deal better to urge them to
unite in an effort to reform the aa
ministration of Justice so thoroughly
that it shall be above criticism. To
render tribute where tribute is not
due is In itself a species of insincerity,
The new oode of ethics implicitly ad
mits that the expense and delay of
trials is such that Justice is frequently
denied to the poor since it permits
lawyers to accept contingent fees. In
other words, the lawyer may agree
with his client to receive no pay un
less he wins the case. - Of course,
such contracts are liable to great
abuse, but it is a much more serious
abuse that they should be the only
means by which many Individuals can
have their day in court. Doubtless
a number of important subjects will
come up for consideration before the
American Bar Association meeting In
Seattle, but none can be of more seri
ous moment than the problem of sure,
cheap and speedy Justice. The ad
ministration of the law is something
more than a game of scholastic wit
played between opposing counsel. It
deeply concerns the public welfare
and the general tendency throughout
the country to speak of the courts and
the legal profession with cynical dls-
reprect indicates that some more fun
damental reformation is needed than
the practice of good manners by the
lawyers when they address the Judge.
HOW TO STOP BANK FATHTRES.
The need for insured or guaranteed
bank deposits will be largely removed
when gambling in the stock and prod
uce exchanges has been eliminated,
and when bankers have been strictly
forbidden under penalty of imprison
ment to loan money to themselves di
rectly or indirectly. It is true that
every purchase for future delivery is
In a measure a speculation, but there
In a vast difference between a pur
chase for actual use and a purchase
for pure speculation. One is a legiti
mate transaction; the other, in most
Instances, is a species of gambling.
It is the gambling feature that results
in heavy losses and disturbs financial
conditions.
The relation between the banker
and his depositor is in reality a trust
relation. The banker handles other
people's money, chiefly, and not his
own. He handles It honestly, and
loans it only on good security or to
responsible borrowers, except in the
few Instances in which he has a per
sonal interest. Then excessive loans
are made, unsafe Investments follow
and the assets of the bank become im
paired. Most banking laws forbid a
loan to an officer of the bank ex
cept upon authority of a vote of the
entire board of directors. But this
limitation is purely formal and of no
practical effect. Under no conditions
should a banker be permitted to bor
row the funds entrusted to him by
his depositors. Loans to speculative
concerns la which the officers of a
bank have an interest account for a
large proportion of the failures. With
such practices absolutely. stopped.
there would be little danger of bank
assets becoming Impaired to such an
extent as to endanger deposits.
ORIENTAL TRADE DISCRIMINATION.
The New York papers continue to
express great satisfaction over the In
terstate Commerce Commission's rul
ing which practically prevents the
transcontinental railroads engaging in
the Oriental trade. This attitude Is,
of course, not surprising when it is
considered that all of the traffic that
has been diverted from the route
across the continent and across the
Pacific must pas3 through New Tork
or some of the Eastern ports. It is
somewhat surprising, however, to find
on the Pacific Coast any defense for
the Commission's ruling. In Sunday's
Oregonian Mr. J. Y. Patterson at
tempted to Justify this rank discrimi
nation which has been made against
the Pacific ports. Mr. Patterson's mis
understanding of the subject is so
glaring and his deductions are so
strangely at variance with the actually
existent conditions that It is perhaps
timely again to explain the subject.
In order to compete with tramp
steamers sailing out of New York by
way of the Suez Canal ports, it was
necessary for the railroads to quote
through rates from Eastern points to
Oriental points, In most cases lower
than the regular rail rate from the
same Eastern points to the Pacific
Coast. To give the steamship any
portion of this rate it was, of course,
necessary to cut the rail rate far be
low the regular tariff to the Coast.
The Interstate Commerce Commission
insists that this rail portion of the rate
be published and that no change be
made in it without thirty days' notice.
There are two Impregnable reasons
why the railroad company cannot do
business under such a rule. One is
that the Suez carriers can change
rates every fifteen minutes if It be
comes necessary for them to do so in
order to get the business. The other
is that the publication of the rate
would make it the established rate to
the Pacific Coast, a rate admittedly
too low, and 95 per cent of non-Ori
ental transcontinental business would
take the lower rate.
That this would be unfair is easily
understood when the special condi
tions under which this Oriental trade
is handled are considered. The orig
inal through rate3 were put into ef
fect for the purpose ot bringing cot
ton, steel and other Eastern and
Southern products across the conti
nent on cars which otherwise would
have been hauled west empty to meet
the demands of the Pacific Coast lum
bermen and fruit shippers. In the
Pacific Northwest both the Hill and
the Harriman systems were bringing
down to tidewater large quantities of
flour for Oriental shipment. The Ore
gon and Washington sellers and the
Oriental buyers of this flour required
a more frequent service than was pos
sible if the steamship companies de
pended exclusively on Pacific Coast
products for cargo.
Here again the low-freighted East
ern commodities proved beneficial in
making up part cargoes of flour and
enabling a frequent service that other
wise would be impossible. We thus
find that the practice was highly bene
ficial to the Atlantic manufacturer
who desired rapid service to the Far
East and beneficial to the - Oriental
buyer, the Pacific Coast lumbermen.
fruitgrowers and farmers In need of
cars, and so the Pacific Coast ship
pers la need of frequent service. If
any one other than the New York
shipping interests and the owners of
tramp steamers suffered by the sys
tem, their grievance has not appeared
in anything yet written or printed on
the subject. '
As "filling" to be used on empty
cars hauled westward and half-filled
steamers bound across the Pacific, this
Oriental business, which at Its high
est stage reached about 5 per cent of
the total transcontinental traffic, was
of some value to the railroads, but it
was not valuable enough to warrant
a sacrifice In rates on the remaining
95 per cent, especially when none of
the business interests on the Pacific
Coast were demanding the sacrifice. If
New York can win out In this fight
against the Pacific ports, without help
from here, we will probably experi
ence a general demoralization of our
local transportation facilities with the
Orient, but there should be no assist
ance or encouragement from Pacific
Coast sources.
The Washington State Supreme
Court at Olympla has dismissed the
receivership of the Seattle Blue
Book, and In the opinion handed down
says: "Unless some charitably In
cllned persons come to Its relief. It
will die In the hands of the receiver
for want of means." The possibilities
for such a fate overtaking so Impor
tant a publication as the Seattle Blue
Book are distressing in the extreme. A
few years ago Angeline, Leschi and a
few of their relatives constituted the
first families of Seattle, but since.thelr
departure for the happy hunting
grounds a new race-of aristocracy has
appeared, and undoubtedly the Blue
Book would tell us all about it. A
world of consuming curiosity will be
satisfied if some one will bail the Blue
Book out of trouble and enable It to
present to the world the names of the
new aristocracy whose blood received
its proper tint either from tldelands or
Alaska placers.
"Harriman Comes Home," an
nounces the Klamath Republican in
the headline which appears over the
story of his arrival at Pelican Lodge.
And far away to the eastward, among
the skyscrapers and brick and steel
canyons off Lower Broadway are
bears with knots in their tails and
bulls with crimps In their crumpled
horns, who, with such reminders of
the . railroad wizard, will fervently
hope that Harriman will "stay home,"
especially if that "home" Is 3000 miles
away In the wilds of Oregon. The
continuous woods "where rolls the
Oregon" have sheltered many famous
people since the state emerged from
the wilderness, but at no previous time
in our history has the commonwealth
been honored with the presence of an
Individual of such world-wide celeb
rity or such tremendous power as that
of "Citizen" Harriman, who is now at
"home" In Klamath County.
The Willamette Valley was never
famous for "freak" wheat, such as
makes Its periodical appearance in
other parts of the country, but It is
this year quite plainly demonstrating
that it can produce in very remuner
ative quantities the old reliable grades
that made Oregon famous. Within
the past three days wheat yields of
forty bushels per acre have been re
ported from Washington, Clackamas
and Yamhill Counties, and It Is quite
probable that similar flattering yields
have been harvested elsewhere In the
Valley. Washington County Is also
reporting yields of 107 bushels of oats
per acre. The Valley, as has frequent
ly been mentioned, will never again
become prominent as a grain produc
ing section, but the acreage which Is
still sown to grain is this year turning
off as well as In the best seasons of
the past.
A London professor has recently
discovered that the irritable disposi
tion of Pharaoh was due to the gout.
Further researches along this line are
said to have disclosed the presence of
rheumatism among , the pyramid
builders. Hip disease was also among
the maladies which made business
for the doctors in the days of old
Rameses. These discoveries have all
been made by examining the exterior
portion of the mummies. It would be
interesting, but not surprising, if an
internal examination would reveal a
sponge, a saw and a carving-knife, or
some other surgical instrument that
had been carelessly left Inside by the
Egyptian. Esculaplus who attended
the patient. Or perhaps the modern
American surgery, which admits of
such accidents, has progressed back
wards since Pharaoh had the gout.
There was a graceful blending of
harmony and sentiment in the compo
sitions of the late Ira D. Sankey, and
to all of his most favorably-known
hymns there was a delightful lilt and
melody. The charm of these produc
tions rested largely In the ease with
which they were rendered. Profes
sional vocalists and expert musicians
could probably find plenty of techni
cal flaws In the work of the famous
singing evangelist, but neither the
singer nor his songs will soon be for
gotten, and long after the ragtime and
the sentimental drivel which at inter
vals rages on the American stage has
ceased to be remembered, tender,
crooning mothers will soothe their
babies to sleep by humming the old,
sacred rhymes which Moody and San
key sang round the world.
Of course It would not be well for
the two Presidential candidates to en
gage In a Joint debate, but it would be
interesting to see the two most active
supporters of the candidates, Parker
and Roosevelt, engage In a joint can
vass of the country.
Governor Pennoyer refused to stir
out of his Salem office to meet the
President of the United State. But
that was before trust magnates came
to Oregon.
If the Kaiser's army can sail into
Great Britain through the air, what
will the King's Dreadnaught be good
for?
There are prison places for harm
less Insane and feeble-minded, but
evidently none, for murderous Insane.
If Mr. Harriman should go to any
other part of Oregon he would see the
need of rail lines there, too.
Yesterday came Just to remind us
all that we are not to get out of Sum
mer so ' easily after all.
The Illinois militia Could have
learned a lot from the Oregon boys
at ' American. Lake. ..
"THE SUN'S" REASONS.
Why the Great Newspaper of Mary
rand Supports Taft.
Baltimore Bun (Ind. Dem.)
On July 10 Mr. W. J. Bryan was nomi
nated for President by the Democratic
National convention at Denver. Yes
terday he received formal notification
at Lincoln, Neb., of the action of that
convention. In his speech accepting the
nomination, 'which we publish In full
on another page, Mr. Bryan said:
Our platform declares that the over
shadowing Issue which manifests Itself on
all the questions now under discussion Is.
"Shall the p'sople rule?" Shall the people
control their own government and use that
Government for the protection of their
rights and the promotion of their welfare!
or shall the representatives of predatory
wealth prey upon a defenseless puDiir,
while the offenders secure Immunity from
subservient officials whom they raise to
power by unscrupulous methods?
The master hand in the construction of
the Democratic platform was Mr.
Bryan's. He was consulted, about every
item. It is understood that he formu
lated the most important declarations.
"It Is probable that in quoting from the
platform Mr. Bryan Is literally quoting
himself. If, as the Democratic nominee
asserts, the paramount Issue in this cam
paign is "the rule of the people," the
use of their government "for the protec
tion of their rights and the promotion
of their welfare," the proposition sub
mitted to the voter is not only a very
practical one, but a very simple one.
It is the Judgment of the Sun that the
material welfare of the people of the
United States -Industrial and financial
would be promoted to a greater degree
by the election of Mr. Taft than by the
election of Mr. Bryan; that their rights
would be safeguarded as carefully by
Mr. Taft as by Mr. Bryan. And the
grounds upon which we base these con
clusions are as follows:
The people of this country are Just be
ginning to recover from a period of In
dustrial, financial and commercial de
pression, due, primarily and measure
ably, to the methods, rather than the ob
ject In view, of the Roosevelt administra
tion in dealing with trust and corpora
tion problems. The Sun has never failed
to recognise the existence of corporate
abuses, to condemn lawlessness on the
part of combinations of capital and in
dustry. It has supported earnestly and
energetically all proper measures for the
correction of these abuses and for the
protection of the people's rights and In
terests. At the came time It has not
hesitated to condemn Mr. Roosevelt's
"methods, his application of correctives
which, while falling to curb the lawless
ness of "predatory wealth" and to im
pose adequate punishment, tended to
disturb business conditions generally.
The "Big Stick" has been tried for four
years, and it has in part resulted In
disaster to labor and to capital. Mr,
Bryan has his "Big Club," and we frank
ly say that the "Big Club" In Mr. Bryan's
hands would argue no better for the
public weal than the "Big Stick" has
done.
The Sun is convinced that the "arm
of the law," personified by a President
of balanced Judgment, with a thorough
knowledge of the law a man of steady
purpose. Just and resolute would prove
a .better defender of the rights of the
people, would do more to promote their
material welfare, than the "Big Stick" has
done in the hands of Mr. Roosevelt or
than the "Big Club" could do In the hands
of Mr. Bryan. It is our deliberate Judg
ment that for the next four years the
material Interests of the people of this
country would be safer with Mr. Taft
at the head of the National Government
than with Mr. Bryan. We further be
lieve that while lawbreakers would be
brought to account by Mr. Taft with
as little fear or favor as Mr. Bryan
could display, the methods employed by
Mr. Taft would fiot curtail the worR
ingman's opportunities for employment
by disturbing the business of law-abiding
men and corporations, as has been
witnessed in the last few years. Mr.
Taft's experience in important adminis
trative posts, his Judicial temperament,
his patience and thoroughness in inves
tigation. Justify the belief that as Presi
dent be would execute the law faith
fully and well, but not spectacularly.
And while this type of man ought to ba
in the White House all the time, he
seems to be especially needed now,
when the country is emerging from an
industrial and financial depression which
brought distress and suffering Into many
homes.
The greater part of the wealth of this
Nation Is not "predatory." It Is Invested
In lawful enterprises, and upon the suc
cess of these enterprises depends the
prosperity of the Nation. The Sun be
lieves that "predatory wealth." so far
as that phrase means capital engaged
in combinations that oppress the public,
should be curtailed by proper regula
tions and punished whenever It Is law
less. The thoughtful voter should vote
his honest convictions, with intelligent
regard for his own welfare In the eco
nomic as well as the political sense.
Fine phrases do not multiply the avenues
of employment. Epigrams butter no
bread and start no factories. Repartee
and ready debate do not raise the scale
of wages. The products of the farm
are not marketed by eloquence or fine
diction. We do not question Mr. Bryan's
sincerity or his devotion to the Interests
of the people. But we believe that the
material welfare of the Nation would
be safer in the hands of a President of
Mr. Taft's temperament and calm Judg
ment, and for this reason we favor nis
election to the Presidency.
These are the conclusions which we
have reached after mature consideration
and with the sole desire to promote the
good of the Nation and the welfare of
the people. We are aware . that they
are not In accord with the views of many
of our readers. We have entire respect
for their sincerity. We recognize then
right to follow their own convictions and
Judgment. Every man is entitled to free
dom of political action. Americans gen
erally have the welfare of the Nation
at heart, and though they differ as to
the means and methods by which the
National welfare can be assured, they
differ honestly. We believe the election
of Mr. Taft would tend to hasten tne
restoration of prosperous business condi
tions. We believe that his administra
tion will be prudent. ' Therefore we sup
port him from a sense of public duty.
Not a Man's Job.
Kansas City Star.
Mr. Hearst probably has arranged to
have one of his office boys "notify"
John Temple Graves.
When Mary Breaks a Flats.
St. Louis Post-Dispatch.
Whenever Mary breaks a plate.
A groan uprises with the crash.
And Ma's hands fly upon her ears
To deaden the unnerving smash.
The while she turns as white as ash,
And quite precluding all debate.
Exclaims, "There goes my Delft cake dish!"
Whenever Mary breaks a plate.
But Ma'a conviction Is not quite
The certainty of Sister Sue,
Who drops her hands upon her lap
And gasps ror breath a time or two.
With eyes uprolled as If to woo
Perhapa a kinder turn from fate.
While aha exclaims, "My cut-glass bowl!"
Whenever Mary breaks a plate.
And Orandma's guess la neither that
Of Ma nor Sue at all.
But Intuition tells her what
Has gone at last beyond recall.
As Humpty Dumpty from the wall
Descended at an ancient date.
And she exclaims, "My piece of Sevres!"
Whenever Mary breaks a plate.
And each bewailing something prised.
They move lamenting through the door.
And when they find It was a plate.
Worth T cents that hit the floor.
Pa's smile makes- everybody sore.
And none of them participate
Itt conversation for a while, .
iT.lHiBffvnr-lajric .hroaka a,, place. .
Tne Consequences Are Becoming l's-dci-stood
ThrouKhout the Country.
New York Globe.
"The Democrats are Jubilant." says a
Chicago dispatch concerning the result
of Saturday's state-wide primary in Il
linois "over the split In the Republican
party, and, with their forces united and
working in perfect harmony, see an op
portunity to carry Illinois into ths
Democratio column."
In other words, the first political ef
fect of a state-wide primary in Illinois
is the same as it has been in other
states where it has been tried. The ma
jority party is thought to ba weakened
and the minority strengthened as a
consequence of a struggle a l'outrance
in every precinct and township of the
state. In June Iowa held a state-wide
primary after an angry three months'
Senatorial campaign, and there have
been reports that the Iowa' Republican
factions had become so heated that
there was a possibility of this most re
liable of Republican states going Dem
ocratic Kansas has had a state-wide
primary, during which the friends of
Senator Long denounce Joseph L. Brls
tow as a cheap demagogue, and the
friends of Brlstow denounce Senator
Long as a tool of the corporations, and
Bryan now asserts that he has a chance
of carrying the state. Oregon held a
state-wide primary last Spring, and as
a result thereof le to be represented at
Washington by a Democratic Senator,
although the state is overwhelmingly
Republican. Even Pennsylvania Re
publicanism. Is a trifle groggy as the
result of a state-wide primary experi
ment. It Is not strange that old hands
In politics shake their heads and de
clare that the direct nomination system
Is the moat practical device yet dis
covered to spilt a majority wide open
far surpassing In this -respect anything
ever done by the most boss-ruled con
vention. It is unreasonable to expect that a
party bitterly divided In August or
September will become united again by
November. The candidate who has yet
ringing In his ears the charges and
counter-charges of the primary cam
paign is likely. If he Is whipped at the
primary, to vent his animosity on the
successful candidates on election day.
Thus, although the direct nomination
Is In effect a method for democratizing
parties and of preventing farcical pri
maries, the remedy may Introduce such
confusion Into our politics as to be
worse than the disease.
RIVAL. CANADIAN PORT LOOMS VP
Montreal Passes Baltimore and Phila
delphia In Export of Grain.
v ' Baltimore American.
A few weeks ago the Chamber of
Commerce of New York City suddenly
woke up to the fact that Montreal, and
not Baltimore or Philadelphia, Is di
verting the export grain trade from
the former line of movement to At
lantic ports.
When onoe attention had been di
rected to the extent of . grain exports
by way of Montreal, the underlying
reasons for such deflection soon be
comes apparent. A very large portion
of the wheatgrowing area of this
country lies in the region of those
great internal seas that extend for
more than a thousand miles along the
northern border of the United States.
Wheat from the Lake region is find
ing a cheaper outlet to Northern Eu
rope by water route to the port on the
St. Lawrence, where transfers are
made to ocean ships.
It has been discovered that from
Buffalo eastward, Montreal is getting a
2-cent differential over New York and
nearly as much as that over Baltimore.
Such an immense advantage in rates
has already worked to the diverting of
Lake grain to the Canadian port, 'ine
statistics of wheat exports from the
United States and Canada for the two
months beginning with June and end
ing with July indicate the extent of
the diversion.
During those two months there went
out from the Canadian port for various
European points 7,901,262 bushels of
wheat, while the combined shipments
from the five leading Atlantic ports of
the United States amounted to 7,685.381
bushels. That Is surely capturing the
export wheat traffic with a vengeance.
The discouraging phase of the situa
tion consists In the fact that grain
can be carried by the all-water haul
at a figure which would be ruinous to
the railroads delivering to United
States ports if they dropped to It The
figures indicate that Baltimore has
sustained a less proportionate loss In
the export wheat trade than New York.
The reason for this, undoubtedly. Is
to be found In the fact that Baltimore
taps a wheat zone that lies far enough
south of the Lake region to render the
water route seaward less easily avail
able. Kansas and Missouri each grows
an annual big wheat surplus, and Bal
timore Is in better geographical posi
tion, relative to the more southerly
wheat area, than any more northerly
Atlantic port. With fairly adjusted
rates Baltimore should be able to hold
her own In the export grain traffic
more tenaciously than New York or
Boston.
General Booth Suffers From Cataracts.
London (England) Dispatch.
An officer of the Salvation Army
confirms the report that has been cur
rent for some time that General Booth
is suffering from cataracts on both
eyes. . "The General has not yet taken
to wearing glasses," said the officer,
"and can see better without them; but
he cannot read anything but large
type, and ho has to hold that close to
his eyes."
Rooster Kills Pugnacious Rat.
Philadelphia Record.
A fierce fight took place at, Darby,
Pa., between a Minorca rooster and a
big sewer rat which attempted to carry
off chickens. The battle lasted some
minutes, the rat displaying great cour
age In attack, until the rooster drove
one of his spurs through the rodent's
head.
Geese Arrested for Ruining Cabbages.
,' Baltimore News.
Eleven geese were arrested at Potts
town, Pa., the charge being that they
had "ruined 300 head of cabbage in
Chester Kepner's truck patch." The
geese were imprisoned in a yard and
their owner mut pay $1.50 fine..
Aged SS Yeara Welshed 30 Pounds.
Cincinnati (Ohio) Dispatch.
Miss Sadie Roland, who died recently
near Xenia, O., aged 85 years, was only
83 Inches In height and weighed but SO
pounds. She was very skillful with
the needle, although her hands were no
larger than those of a child.
Sleeps and Dies in His Coffin.
Houston (Texas) Dispatch.
Innoluthe, a full-blooded Choctaw
Indian, who died the other day near
Denlson, Texas, aged 98 years, slept in
his coffin on every birthday and died
In the coffin.
Searchlight for Park Lovers.
Cleveland (Ohio) Dispatch.
A big searchlight in Eden Park, Cin
cinnati, wil be turned upon all lovers
from a high point who sit on tha
pjencjiejs. below. - -
OFFERS
It Must Be Sought and Many Mako
Opportunity.
PORTLAND, Aug. 17. (To the Editor.
I have been a close readers of the editorial
psge of The Oregonian for years, and I may
say to some purpose. But until now have not
tried to break Into print.
I desire to say a few words in regard ta
an article In last Sunday's Issue on the sub
ject, "The First Thousand Dollars." Don't
you think opportunity plays an Important
part In the success of a considerable num
1 ber of men who have achieved H?
To Illustrate. I send you a .cartoon of
which I am the author. Now, barring the
advantage of practice, I think my work will
compare favorably either with Mr. Daven
port's or Mr. Murphys. They have' the op
portunity. I have not. So I must continue to
gather in nickels for the street railway com
pany. W. J. P.
- Undoubtedly opportunity plays an
important part in the success of
many, and opportunity comes to some
thrcugh parents or Influence of
friends. Yet many, perhaps most, must
find their own opportunity.
The Oregonian would not at all
underrate the talent of the writer of
this letter as a cartoonist or a sketch
artist. Specimens of his work promise
well. Whether he would succeed In
this line would depend on his present
age, his 'versatility, tact and various
talent, power to apprehend and com
bine the material offered In progress
of events and character of men. The
person who can do anything excel
lently cannot long be In want of op
portunity to show it. The Oregonian
has at present time all the pen-and-ink
or cartoon work it requires. Not
so many men are wanted for work of
this description 'as for gathering in
nickels for street railroads; which is
a disadvantage to our complaining
friend, who, however, may yet find a
way Into the pursuit for which he
thinks he has special fitness, or Into
some even more profitable one. And
yet to gather In nickels on a street
car Is not so bad a business. Cer-t
talnly, a great many desli'a the posi
tion and think It opportunity.
DALLES MAN LAITBS PORTLAND. ,
Editor Snys This City la Prlda of All
Oregon.
The Dalles Optimist
In looking round the city of Port
land One is surprised to see so few
"To Let" signs on the buildings, bus!
ness houses and dwellings.
We are somewhat familiar with ell
the great cities In the country, and
with all of the "good" cities, and wo
verily believe that we never saw a
town where there were as few places
for rent as there are now in Portland.1
This state of affairs shows several
things: In the first place it is a sure
evidence that the city is growing rap
idly, for there are thousands of build
ings going up. In every quarter of the
town structures are appearing as If by
maglo, and they are in most cases oc
cupied before the paint 13 dry.
In the second place it shows that
business is good, else there would be a
lot of vacant stores. And it is sure
that where there are so few places va
cant the rents must bo good; and at
the same time people would not pay
the big rents unless the business justi
fied It; so business Is surely good.
Look at the matter from any stand
point and you must see that Portland
Is very prosperous, remarkably pros
perous. Of course the financial flurry
last Fall hurt some; but It hurt Port
land less than most any other city in
the country, and her recovery was
quicker than in any of her sister cities.
And then look at her financial rec
ord 1 "Marvelous" Is the only word to
express it, perfectly marvelous! Three
bank failures, and two of them most
awful bad ones, and both with large
liabilities, and yet not one single cent
lost by the depositors! Indeed the
word "marvelous" does not half ex
press the state of affairs.
Every Oregonian should be proud of
Portland, and proud of her growth. By
the united, concerted efforts of all of
us that city will, before many years,
be the metropolis of the Pacific Coast.
That fact Is as sure as that the sun
shines. Her strategic position Is unas
sailable, and supremacy will one day
be hers Just as sure, and because, water
flows down tillll Much trade has been
kept from her by shrewd competitors,
much has been diverted by others, an
accident has much to do with keeping
her back, like the discovery of gold In
California, which built up a great city
down there.
But everything is now coming to the
advantage of Portland, and the Port
land capitalists and business men are
at last shrewd enough to take advan
tage of the situation, and consequently
Portland Is coming Into her own.
And It means much to every person
in Oregon to have a big city In the
state. It will help every farmer, every
business man, every town and every
city to build up a great city on the
Willamette, and the stars have writ
ten that we are to have such a city, a
olty unsurpassed In the West the mis
tress of the West and the queen of the
Pacific.
Jobs for Real American Cltlxens.
Washington (D. C.) Star.
The H. C. Frlck Coke Company of
Pittsburg is the latest corporation to
take the stand of America for Ameri
cans as respects labor. It will employ
only men who ere American citizens
men either born here, or, upon coming
here from abroad, promptly cast their
full fortunes with the country. The
action, it is stated, will affect 10.000
foreigners, who, after drawing good
American wages, are now back at home
with their money on a visit. Good
for the Frlck Coke Company! It has
taken the right step. The man who
has a stake in the country is tha one
entitled to the pick of the country's
opportunities. The citizen always first.
The wanderers here today and there
tomorrow caring nothing for the
country but as a place for getting a
good Job -should move on.
In the Distant Future.
Chicago News.
When people quit joking of mother-in-law,
I am going to pay what I owe.
When Pittsburg stops talking of people
named Thaw,
I am going to pay what I owe.
When my friends xnalte their calls without
asking for loans.
When the river tugs whisper in soft under
tones, w
When dentists pull molars by long-distance
phones,
I am going to pay what I owe.
When high license lessens the number of
Jags,
1 am going to pay what I owe.
When men's parties no longer ara roen-
- tloned as "stags,"
I am going to pay what I owe.
When the street urchin ceases to carry a
gun.
When gamesters and grafters are all on the
. run.
When the dome of the postoffice shines in
the sun,
I am going to pay what I owe.
When straps In the streetcars ara things of
the past,
I am going to pay what I owe.
When chauffeurs quit driving their autos
so fast,
t am going to pay what I owe.
When the trusts have concluded they don't
want the earth.
When heiresses mate In tha land of their
birth.
When people get paid all they think they are
worm,
a-am Klor to pay what i owe;