8
THE MORNING OREGONIAX, SATURDAY, JULY 11, 1908.
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PORTLAND. SATURDAY. JUDY 11, 1808.
THE HUMOR OF IT.
The country must greatly enjoy the
humorous work of the Denver con
vention. It was humorous all over
and through and through. It eulo
gized Cleveland, who was repudiated
by his party, and intensely hated, so
long as he was in place and power,
and till long afterward. But this was
not remarkable at all, not in the
least degree of a nature to produce
amusement or excite guffaw, com
pared with the special resolution on
Abraham Lincoln. That was the cli
max. It was the height, the top, the
crest, the crest unto the crest, of the
humor (or impudence) of American
politics.
"Whereas," says this deliverance,
"the 100th anniversary of the birth of
Abraham Lincoln will occur February
12, 1909; resolved, by the Democratic
convention, that we recommend its
appropriate celebration throughout
the land." No party ever swallowed
humble pie in this manner, or to such
extent, before. The object simply was
to catch persons supposed not to
knw the history of their country,
who yet have greatest possible rever
ence for Abraham Lincoln.
To think that within the memory of
men yet living, who knew Abraham
Lincoln, and who remember the fierce
ness of the Democratic assaults upon
him, from the time his great speeches
In Illinois first brought him National
fame, to the day of his death by the
hand of an assassin inspired to his
deed by this abuse to think of such
eulogy of him by this party now!
But the convention had prepared
Itself for this effort by Its eulogy of
Grover .Cleveland, who was at vari
ance with his own party on the great
matters of his time, yet could not pos
sibly be. hated by it as Lincoln was
earlier. Yet having eulogized Cleve
land, Denver proceeded to completion
of the palinode by extraordinary eu
logy of Lincoln. Of Lincoln, the lead
ing and greatest opponent of all the
ideas and purposes of this party
eulogy of Lincoln, to whom, chiefly.
Its discredited position before the
American people has been due, these
fifty years!
So long as he lived the mildest of
the epithets this party applied to him
were, "destroyer of the Constitution,"
"bloody tyrant," and "the ape of Illi
nois." All force and fury and oppro
brium were summed up In one epithet
"abolitionist." He was denounced
as "a tyrant, engaged In the subjuga
tion of states"; he had "disregarded
and trampled on the Constitution in
every part"; under his direction there
had been "subversion of the civil by
the military law"; "suppression of
freedom of speech and of the press,
denial of the right of asylum, open
and avowed disregard of state rights,"
and "Interference with. and denial of
the right of the people to bear arms."
(This last expression refers to the or
der to disarm enthusiastic Democrats
of the North, who were organizing
military companies to aid their South
ern brethren by a fire in the rear.)
That this may not be flouted as parti
san accusation, let us say that the ex
pressions are drawn from the
Democratic party platform adopted at
Chicago, in an effort to defeat the re
election of Lincoln, in the crisis of the
war for the Union, August, 1864.
Moreover, the platform, then and
there adopted, declared the war for
restoration of the Union "a failure,
and demanded that "immediate efforts
be made for a cessation of hostilities.'
It will be said, of course, that all this
is ancient history, and has no perti
nency now. Yet It may very properly
be reproduced now as a reminder, to
the party that made the record, yet
now eulogizes Abraham Lincoln.
On the morrow, after all this, came
the announcement: "Sherman has
taken Atlanta!" Next, "Farragut has
carried the defenses of Mobile!" And
Seward exclaimed, when called out
for a speech at Washington, "Sher
man and Farragut have knocked the
bottom out of the Democratic nom
inations at Chicago!"
And, after a lapse of more than
forty years, this party dimly discerns
that Lincoln was right; and it pro
ceeds to eulogize him. It goes fur
ther, it recommends celebration next
year by the whole people of his natal
day an honor it never accorded even
to Its prophet and founder, Jefferson.
It wants to forget its whole past sil
ver, too; about which it has not now
one word. It seems to The Oregonian
a fair presumption from the history
of this party that it can hardly be
thought a safe guide for the future.
But whatever may be the conclusion
o.' the American people on this sub
ject, none will deny that this eulogy
of Abraham Lincoln, proceeding from
Denver, has a humorous quality ex
ceeding that of any former utterance
In our politics.
The Oregonian has not willingly re
called the history of the politics of a
time when history was tragic and pol
itics were tragedy; but this utterance
at Denver challenges the recital.
British Vice-Consul P. L. Cherry,
who died at Astoria Thursday, was
for nearly forty years a prominent fig
ure in Columbia River shipping cir
cles. For a great many years such a
large proportion of the vessels coming
to the Columbia River were under the
British flag that no foreign Consul for
other nations was located at Astoria,
and Mr. Cherry looked after the in
terests of the occasional German, Nor
wegian and Russian vessels which en
tered the river with a fidelity that
won the respect and friendship of the
entire shipping- community. Steam
had not yet become a factor in the
carrying trade of the Paclflc when
Mr. Cherry began serving his govern
ment at Astoria, and today, wherever
steam and sail craft are plowing the
seven seas will be found shipmasters
who, when their old sailing craft
reached the Columbia River, during
Mr. Cherry's long term In office, had
climbed the old stairway to ihe "Con
sul's office" In Astoria. In the aggre
gate these visitors numbered thou
sands, and whether they came from
before the mast or behind, the mast,
they, all received -a cordial greeting
and kind treatment from a true gen
tleman, who left this world mourned
by all who knew him.
BRICKS WITHOUT STRAW.
Since National conventions are un
avoidably scenes of great excitement.
It is perhaps too much to ask the platform-makers
to maintain all their
planks in a state of mutual harmony.
If they did. their triumph would be
superhuman. It is clearly Impossible
to agree with everybody and not oc
casionally disagree with oneself. It Is
to be expected, therefore, that incon
sistencies will appear in the Demo
cratic platform and envious critics
will doubtless bring them to light
with glee. We have; in fact, found
one, but we hold it up rather in sor
row than in mirth, grieving that great
men should err Instead of rejoicing in
their fallibility.
To put It briefly, there is a lack of
harmony between the Democratic as
piration concerning trusts and the
Democratic theory of the Federal
powers. The party of Jefferson
wishes to destroy the trusts, but it Is
also opposed to what it calls "central
ization." Now it is useless to try to
destroy the trusts, or anything, else
for that matter, without invoking
adequate means. It la not wise to try
to blow out a stump with one stick of
dynamite when a dozen are needed for
the Job. The trusts cannot be de
stroyed, or even regulated, by the
states for many reasons.
In the first place, many of them
possess -more power than any single
state does. They have more wealth, a
greater income, can command the
services of more adept legal advisers
and through them direct in some de
gree at least the decisions of the
courts. It Is mere ineptitude to think
of a state with its defective resources
and limited powers controlling these
mammoth syndicates which extend
throughout the country and control
Imperial revenues. The task demands
the powers of a great nation.
Again, It is doubtful whether the
latent jealousy between the Federal
and state Judiciaries will not forever
thwart all serious efforts of the states
to control or break up the trusts. By
an interpretation of the Constitution
which looks pretty badly strained, but
which is likely to stand for all that,
corporations are citizens of the United
States and of the states where they
have their headquarters. Hence they
are not as a rule citizens of the states
which try to regulate them, and it fol
lows that they can elude state author
ity whenever they choose by slipping
Into the Federal courts. The Consti
tution provides, in fact, that suits be
tween parties who are citizens of dif
ferent states may be carried to' the
Federal courts. It m therefore out of
the question that the states will ever
be able to exercise much efficient au
thority over corporations elsewhere
resident. If these artificial citizens
are controlled at all, it must be by
the National Government, and if we
wish to see them brought under the
law we must permit the President and
Congress to hold and exercise power
enough to accomplish the task. It is
mere - child's play to urge them to
regulate the trusts and at the same
time tie their hands.
THE BATTI.KSIirp'8 DRAFT.
The American battleship fleet has
departed from the Pacific Coast and
is now steaming westward to the Far
East. Now that the last of the great
sea fighters Is hull-down on the hori
zon and the respective communities
visited by them are straightening out
their social rows and paying the bills,
it may be permissible to refer In a
dispassionate and retrospective man
ner to the gross injustice shown Port
land by the Navy Department's re
fusal to send any of the battleships to
Portland. It is a fact so well known
that its repetition at this time may be
superfluous, that vessels loading to
25 feet draft at Portland no longer
excite comment, and others of from
2 5 feet 6 Riches to 26 feet draft are
more often seen here. None of these
vessels of from 25 feet to 26 feet draft
experience the slightest difficulty In
-making the trip from Portland to -the
sea, although most of them are single-
screw tramp steamships with none of
the advantages in steering conspicu
ous in the twin-screw battleships.
With the knowledge that this was
a safe port of entry for vessel? of 26
feet of water, the Portland people
who were In closest touch with the
situation naturally felt no hesitancy
about inviting the Government to
send a few battleships, none of which
equaled in draft the tramp steamers
plying regularly in and out of the
port. In lieu of any legitimate or
reasonable excuse for not sending a
few of the ships to Portland, the woe
fully incompetent Secretary of the
Navy asserted that none of the battle
ships had a draft of less than 26.5
to 2 7.5 feet of water. As The Orego
nlan explained at the time, the draft
given by the Government authorities
was the maximum when the vessels
were coaled and provisioned for
long cruise. The actual draft of the
vessels when they entered Seattle
(which would have been the same
had they come to Portland) was, for
the Louisiana, one of the four largest
ships in -the Navy, 25 feet.
The Rhode -Island was drawing 24.5
feet, the New Jersey 25 feet forward
and 25.6 feet aft. The Illinois was on
an even keel with a draft of 24.2
feet, and the Kearsarge, with her for
ward bunkers well cleaned out, was
drawing 23.2 feet forward and 25 feet
aft. In connection with these figures
it is well to remember that the
Charleston, which did come to Port
land, was .drawing 25 feet of water,
and not a single vessel of the fleet
that came to the Coast would have
had any more difficulty in reaching
Portland than was experienced by the
Charleston, which made the trip from
sea to Portland and return without
the slightest detention.
The only reason for reopening this
apparently closed incident Is for the
purpose of vindicating the claims put
forward by the Portland people to the
effect that rank discrimination was
being made against this port. The
Columbia River has been receiving
some severe blows from two classes of
Portlanders. The timid, uninformed '
element refused to join In an effort to
secure battleships for Portland for
fear that "something might happen,"
the. knowledge of channel conditions'
possessed by this element having been
secured about twenty years ago.
Sentiment of this nature is, of
course, due to blind ignorance of con
ditions, and it was ignorance that led
a representative of another branch of
Columbia River mlsrepresentatives in
aapublic meeting in this city a few
nights ago to declare boldly that we
now had a sufficient depth of water
for all requirements on the Colum
bia below Portland. The . former
seeks to show the river in a worse
light than is warranted by facts. The
latter seeks to show better conditions
than actually exist for the purpose of
diverting efforts from that portion of
the river where they are most needed
to other points where the need as yet
is not great. Portland will have a
thirty-foot channel in the river and
forty feet on the bar as soon, as there
Is reconciliation of these divergent
views and united effort on the part of
all the' people to remove natural han
dicaps and unnatural and unreason
able discriminations against the port.
IT IS AX ADVERTISEMENT.
A Pendleton paper makes this state
ment:
It Is worth S29.400, the amount which Pen
dleton saloons would have contributed to
the city during the next year in licenses, to
known that for six days there has not been
drunken man on the streets of the city
and not a solitary drunken Inmate in the
City Jail. This to an advertisement that
should attract a lot of those people who have
id they were looking for a dry town In
which to buy a home and educate their chil
dren. ,
Doubtless it is worth the money, to
a town the size of Pendleton. But a
big town will never be a dry town
and a dry town will never be a bis
town. Yet a big town may not be '
desirable thingi A few people will go
to a dry town, to live quietly and edu
cate their children. But that town
preserving these conditions, will
never grow to be a city of large
population and variety of business and
industry. Not that sale of liquor
makes a city; but if a city is
large and active, liquor will be sold in
It, to meet a demand, as every other
demand must be met in an Important
city. Umatilla County decrees prohi
bitlon In Pendleton. Very well. But
whether liquor shall ever be sold in
Pendleton again will depend ' on
whether It shall grow " to be much
larger or not. Meantime, as the years
go on, note the difference between the
growth of Walla WTalla, Pendleton's
near neighbor, which is not dry, and
Pendleton, which is dry, and a fine,
quiet place to live. Of course The
Oregonian is not arguing for liquor
shops in Pendleton, or anywhere else.
Let them be suppressed in communi
ties that don't want them. But the
conditions and facts may be stared
Nobody should' be fond of illusion 01
of delusion, either.
OPPORTUNITY IX OREGON.
Opportunity is not by any means
the fltful, fugitive creature which'
some of the poets have said she is.
Nor is it true that she has no hair
but a forelock, being bald on the top
and back of her head, so that if you
do not grab her as she prances up you
can never get hold of her afterwards.
The truth . Is that opportunitj. is
kindly, patient matron, at least in
Oregon. Her head is covered with
abundant locks not only in front, but
all over the scalp, and she does not
run past one like a frightened ghost,
but advances placidly, holds out her
hands invitingly and waits unvexed
while one makes up his mind about
her. In all the world there is no such
accommodating person as Opportu
nity, that is, Oregon Opportunity.
Elsewhere she may be somewhat
more coy.
That is all very well, sighs some
timid soul as he peruses these re
marks. Of course The Oregonian
must be expected to boom Oregon and
paint roseate pictures of the delights
of the Willamette, the Rogue and the
Umpqua Valleys. But what are the
facts? Is it not true that farm life
there is a hard, dismal struggle with
much pain and little pleasure, just as
it is everywhere else in the world?
We are about to set forth a few of the
facts, but not for the benefit of dis
couraged old cynics who will probably
lose their tempers when they get to
heaven because they will find nothing
to grumble about. This message is
addressed to the young, the hopeful
and the energetic; to the man who-
can think, plan and act, no matter
what his age may be. There has been
much gloomy preaching of late years
that all the opportunities of the coun
try have been grabbed by the trusts.
"A man has no chance any more," it
is said. "Let him toil never so stren
uously, he cannot accomplish any
thing. The plutocrats will rob him of
all his profits." . They will rob him of
all they can, there is no doubt of that.
But after the trusts have reaped their
harvest there still remains a tidy rem
nant for the toiler himself if he man
ages his affairs shrewdly.
Witness the tale of the man not far
from Roseburg who bought a half in
terest in a prune orchard in the year
1907. The orchard contained twenty
acres and the half interest in it cost
$2750, for which the man gave his
note at 8 per cent. He was not
capitalist, either large or small, one
perceives. He was only a man with
sturdy muscles and a good, old-fash
ioned American will. He possessed
nothing, but his "labor power," and a
fair stock of common sense to make it
tell. He had not even a team of
horses, but had to buy one before he
could cultivate his trees, and this
plunged him still deeper into debt.
Worse yet, there was no drier on the
place, and he had to build one. before
prunes were ripe that Fall. The team
and drier cost him $800, for which he
gave another note at 8 per cent. Thus
when he was ready to set his plow
and harrow at work among the trees
his account with the world showed on
one side his brain, his muscle and a
half interest in a twenty-acre or
chard: on the other,' more than $3500
of debt.
But he did not sit down and bewail
the iniquities of the trusts. He went
to work. He plowed, he harrowed,
he sprayed and cultivated, and in the
Fall the Lord of the harvest rewarded
his labors. He gathered and sold from
his trees prunes enough to pay off his
debt, all of it, including the price of
the orchard and the cost of the team
and drier, with a handsome surplus to
buy a new dress for his wife, and
sprae other luxuries. Here opportu
nity met with a man who knew how
to use it;i and he is not the only one.
There is a true story of a man near
Grants Pass who arrived there from
the "East" without a penny in his
pocket. He hired out to work on a
farm and saved enough before Spring
to buy a span of horses and a wagon.
With this capital he went in debt for
a quarter section of fruit land, some
of it already set with bearing trees.
In five years he had paid for the
whole and had a new orchard mature
enough to produce fruit the next sea
son! Such are the rewards of indus
try combined with common sense in
this part of the world.
These two cases are not exceptional.
They are typical. Men are doing sim
ilar things all over the state. And
the beauty of it is that there are hun
dreds of thousands of acres, in one
part of Oregon or another, which will
make fortunes for the men who will
bring them Into tillage. Some of this
land is adapted for prunes, some to
walnuts, some to apples. There are
great areas which are more suitable
for grazing .than anything else. The
climate of the state is so varied in
different portions, the soil so diversi
fied and the climate everywhere so
pleasant that a man who wishes to
earn a competence from the soil can
find an opportunity, whatever his
taste may be. There are but few
places In Oregon where five acres of
land properly tilled will not support a
family in abundance. Small farms
give enormously greater returns than
large ones In proportion to the capital
and labor invested. In all our val
leys, on every hillside, there are
homes watting for new owners, homes
by the hundred thousand where gar
dening, dairying, fruitgrowing, all the
rural trades, will prosper. Where are
the people who will grasp the oppor
tunities and reap . the destined re
wards ?
Earnest protest is voiced by Eastern
newspapers against the sky-piercing
project of the Equitable Life Insur
ance Company, which will make the
towering edifices of Singer and the
Metropolitan Life look insignificant by
comparison. It is pointed out that the
crush in the streets after business
hours will be intolerable. At Chicago
similar protests are made and they are
calling for a halt in building more
skyscrapers "within the union loop.
Some day probably not twenty years
distant we shall hear In Portland
vigorous opposition to multiplying this
class of buildings. Still, for- the rea
son that our blocks are smaller than
those of any other city in the land
and our room for pedestrians propor
tionately larger, we can never have the
congestion on sidewalks complained
of in Lower Manhattan and the heart
of Chicago. Which is one compensa
tion for the first plat under which half
the ground in original Portland Is
corner lots.
The Salem Board of Trade is pro
moting a project for construction of
"a smooth, hard-surfaced, straight
and even-grade highway" from Port
land to Eugene. It ought to succeed.
for such a road is a necessity. If
Portland intends to join the capital
city in the enterprise, it might not be
a bad plan to make a beginning on
that disgraceful trail which years
ago was pointed at with pride as our
White House road. There are few, if
any, worse stretches of road leading
out of the city, although the natural
beauties of the route traversed make
it an exceptional favorite for pleasure-seekers.
This highway should be
placed In condition so that It would
be safe for life and limb to move over
at a faster gait than a walk and with
out being smothered with the dust
Here indeed is a case where reform
in roadbuilding should begin at home.
One of the whim-whams of "the
new system," carried in the late elec
tlon by amendment of the Constitu
tlon, is so-called proportional repre
sentation. The Oregonian is asked
whether it will be in force when" elec
tors of President and Vice-President
are voted for next November. No;
for no provision has been made by
law for the purpose, and may never
be.
The candidates for the Vice-Presi
dency on the two principal tickets this
year are sufficiently obscure. Sher
man is a local politician of Utlca, N.
Y.; Kern, a member of the Hoosler
Democracy, has been floating and
drifting about French Lick, with Tom
Taggart. Evidently the conventions
didn't suppose either of these men
ever would be President.
We find In the Denver platform
that Senators should be elected by a
direct vote of the people; but to our
sorrow no commendation of the Ore
gon method and the Holy Statement
This way of offering the word of
promise to the ear but breaking It to
the hope, is one of the sad trials in
the career of urenic reform.
Injunctions should not be Issued In any
cases In which injunctions would not issue
if no industrial dispute were involved.
That is the meat of the Democratic
anti-injunction plank. Take a day off
and figure out what it means. Then
take a week off and try it all over
again.
Who could have supposed the time
ever would come when the great
Democratic party, famed for its ever
lasting principles, would abandon free
coinage of silver and offer " special
eulogy to Abraham Lincoln that
never offered to Thomas Jefferson?
.Pennsylvania was to the Democratic
just what Mississippi was to the Re
publican convention. Their political
activities cease entirely as soon as the
convention adjourns.
Yamhill County, be It understood, is
perfectly willing that the rest of the
state shall pay all the taxes that Yam
hill declines to pay. That's the way
it works out. -
Our own ex-Senator Gearin referred
to' the Peerless One as "silver
tongued." Not the right word, nowa
days. "Gold-heeled" Is better.
New York cast its seventy-eight
votes for Bryan under the unit rule.
But there's no unit rule for New York
Democrats in November.
Mr. Bryan says the Presidency is
the greatest office in the world; but
the Sultan 'of Sulu wouldn't swap his
Job for It.
Judge Bryan congratulates Bryan
"heartily." The judge, too, is entitled
to general felicitations. He wasn
nominated.
AS TOLB BY J. P. MORGAN.
The Story of the Fimoai Gold Sale to
the Government.
J, A. S. in the New York Exening Post.
I met Mr. Morgan in Washington In the
Spring of 1S95. and a few days after he
told me the "real story of the Government
bond syndicate." He said substantially
as follows: "I went to the White House
with Mr. Bacon and we were shown to
the hall in the second story. In a corner
room I saw President Cleveland, very
much occupied in writing at an upright
desk. In a few minutes he approached
us. with his hands in his pockets, with
rather a forbidding air."
The President said: "Mr. Morgan, I
have written you and telegraphed you
that I would not see you on any matter
relative to a bond issue. The United
States Senate is holding me up, and I
am determined that the people of the
United States shall know that the Senate
of the United States is solely responsi
ble for the present financial crisis."
"But," said Mr. Morgan. "Mr. President.
gold is going out of the Treasury at the
rate of from $3,000,000 to $5,000,000 a day.
It is only a question of a short time when
the United States Government will be
bankrupt. It will then be on a silver
basis, with an impaired credit, unable to
meet its gold obligations.
To which the President replied: "I
have done all I can. or will do."
To this Mr. Morgan said: "Mr. Presi
dent. I do not ask that the Government
shall sell bonds, but I am here to offer to
sell to the United States $100,000,000 of
gold."
Mr. Morgan then turned to Mr. Olney
and called his attention to an act of Con
gress of 1861. authorizing the Treasurer
of the United States to buy gold. In a
few minutes Mr. Olney returned to the
room with the act of Congress referred
to by Mr. Morgan, saying the act had
never been repealed. Mr. Morgan said
he at once noticed a complete change in
President Cleveland s manner and ap
pearance, and he knew he had won his
point.
"Mr. President." said Mi. Morgan, "I
will sell the United States Government
$100,000,000 in gold, and take my pay in
United States 6 per cent bonds at the
market price."
A contract to this effect was prepared
by Mr. Olney then and there, and signed
by Mr. Morgan, which gave the United
States Government the option of paying
for the $100,000,000 gold by a new Issue
of 3 per cent gold bonds, or, as above
stated, an Issue of 5 per cent bonds. The
public announcement of this contract at
once checked the outflow of treasury
gold, and In less than ten days Mr. Mor
gan had formed an American-European
syndicate, which supplied the gold con
tracted for.
WHAT IT REALLY MEANS.
Error of TVyinK to Do Away 1
Party Gorerameat
. Newberg Graphic.
When a candidate Is elected as
repre
should, sentatlve by any political party he
as soon as he takes the oath of office, cease
to be a partisan and (peek to represent the
people as a mass and always cast his vote
independent of any former prejudice, as he
then represents the people as a whole end
not any particular class. There should be no
party measures In lawmaking. Forest Grove
rimes.
The above paragraph, and particularly
the last sentence, is a fair sample of
lot of very superficial thinking on the
subject of good government. It repre
sents a very proper reaction from the old
regime .of extreme and corrupt partisan
ship, but at the same time well illustrates
how easy it is to go to senseless extremes
In the other direction.
Such sentiments as the above are
catchy and have become popular with
the unthinking masses but they will not
stand close scrutiny. Our whole scheme
of government is based upon the opera
tion of political parties, which the people
hold responsible for definite policies.
Herein lies the genius of English-speak
ing peoples for political organization and
efficiency. The principle of party respon
sibility is much more fully developed in
Great Britlan than with us, with the re
sult that the English methods of legisla
tion are more efficient and less unwieldy
than ours, while they are blissfully ig
norant of the fact, those who cry against
party measures and political organization-.
would usher in an irresponsible hullaba
loo, every-man-for-himself era of law
making, similar to the political chaos
which exists in such countries as France
and Italy where political organization is
notably weak, and where every other man
has a little party pretty much of his own.
Let's try to be sane in our attempts for
political reform. Raise the Ideals of clti
zenship, elect able, conscientious men to
represent us, but don't try to do away
with party government. That's funda
mental in a representative government
such as ours.
IT WAS "OUT OF ORDER." -
That la What a Polk County Critic of
"The Statement" Says.
West Side Enterprise (Independent.)
There are so many arguments which
will rise up in opposition when the
Legislators come face to face with the
nauseating inevitable of voting a Re
publican Legislature and a Republican
state into the ranks of the Democrats
that we are Inclined to believe the issue
will be averted in some manner. It has
already occurred to the people that
they have been "otrtof order" in the man
ner in which Statement No. 1 has 'car
ried since, its adoption. Statement No.
1 is nothing more than a popular nom
ination, and as such it has no right
to a place on the regular effective
ballot. This one violation should be
enough to render Its work inoperative
at this time. It cannot be regarded as
anything but unconstitutional for the
statement to have come Into operation
at the June election, the Constitution
of the United States providing that
United States Senators shall be elected
by the Legislatures of the several states.
With this fact in view it Is evident that
Statement No. 1 could be voted only on
the nominating ballot at the- April pri
mary election. If it is unconstitutional
for Statement No. 1 to carry on the reg
ular elective ballot then It is equally
clear that a Republican could not become
pledged to a Democratic candidate for
United States Senator, for the further
reason that the Democratic' candidate's
name should not be entitled to a place on
the Republican ticket. It being apparent
that Statement No. 1 is purely and simply
a means of nominating a candidate for
Senator it is surprising that so grave an"
error In the law should have been made
as to allow nominations to appear on the
elective ticket. The law is wrong in so
many ways it is astonishing that It
should have ever been taken seriously by
the people. It is a good thing if confined
to its sphere that, of nominating on the
primary ballot.
Worried.
Chicago Record-Herald.
"Why," asked the good man's wife,
"are you so thoughtful? You look as If
something disagreeable had happened."
"Perhaps," he replied, "I am foolish to
feel pM 1 do about it. My congregation has
raised a purse for the purpose of sending
me to Europe."
"And are you sorry it isn't large enough
to enable you to take me with you?
Don't let that cause you to feel depressed.
It will be very lonely here without you,
but I know you need the rest, and I shall
be very sensible. I can spend the Sum
mer at some quiet, .inexpensive place,
cheered by the thought that you will re
turn refreshed in mind, and body."
"It is very good of you to look at it In
that way, my dear. I appreciate your
feeling. But the gentleman who made
the presentation speech said he was sorry
the amount that had been raised was not
larger so that I might be able to remain
away longer, and somehow it seemed to
me that the applause was more hearty at
that point than anywhere else m tnt
course of his remarks. '
WILLIAM JENNINGS
Life Story of Man Thrice Named
BY E. F. YOUNGER.
w1
ILLIAM JENNINGS BRYAN, at
the age of 48, has been nomi
nated three times for the Presidency
of the United States by the Dem
ocratic party.- He loomed before a sur
prised country as the nominee for the
first time in 1896, when he nominated
himself at the Chicago convention by a
single speech.
Defeated at the polls In that cam
paign, he has contrived, by sheer force
and ability, which have made him the
political figure he Is, to maintain hm
elf in a commanding position In the
Democratic party for 12 years.
Nominated again, and again defeat
ed In 1900. he now stands for the third
time before the Nation as candidate
for the Presidency.
The man who has this remarkable
1 record Is a native of Illinois. He was
oorn in aaiem. ill., March 19. 1860. His
father wae Silar Lillard Bryan, a Judge
of the Circuit Court, and one of the
big men of the bar In Southern Illnols.
Mr. Bryan comes, on both sides of
his family, from stalwart American
stock, and as a boy was reared In an
atmosphere of old-fashioned Demo
cratic beliefs and strict religious ob
servance. His early training has had
deep Influence on Mr. Bryan's life
The Bryans, who had nine children,
lived on a farm Just outside of Salem,
and It was there that the nominee
passed his early youth. Young Bryan
went first to the public schools and
then to Whipple Academy at Jackson
ville, 111. At the age of 17 he entered
the freshman class of Illinois College,
in the same city.
He proved his ability even at that
age and when he was graduated in
1881. it was with the highest honors.
While at college he developed his ora
torical ability, and in his senior year
represented his college In an intercol
legiate debating contest at Galesburg.
In the meantime he entered the
Union College of Law in Chicago, and
took the LL. B. degree in 1883. While
studying at Union College he became
connected with the law office of Ly
man J. Trumbull. In 1883 Mr. Bryan
wae admitted to the Illinois bar and
in the same year began the practice
of law at Jacksonville.
While the future political leader was
thus paying attention to affairs of the
head, matters of the heart were by no
means forgotten.. As a student at till
nois College, he had met a girl from
Perry, III., in whom he took a great
Interest. She was Miss Mary Elizabeth
Baird, the present Mrs. Bryan.
Mr. Bryan remained in Jacksonville
until 1887. In the Fall of that year
business called him to Nebraska and
he settled at Lincoln. He opened
law office there the same year, arid In
less than six months took his first real
plunge Into the political arena. He
already had made his initial political
speech at the age of 20 in the Hancock
campaign of 1880.
That speech had been delivered in
the Courthouse in Salem, to a crowd
of about 400. When a boy he had al
ways maintained that he would some
day be President of the United btates,
and after he had finished his speech
some of his old schoolmates thronged
about him and said:
"We believe you told the truth when
you said you would be President
the United States."
Mr. Bryan's oratorical powers imme
diately began to attract attention after
his eettlement in Lincoln. They Drougnt
him into notice in his own district and
he was sent as a delegate to the Demo
cratic State Convention, which met
Omaha in May. 1888. to choose dele
(rates to the National convention In St
Louis. This state convention gave him
his first really important political
chance. During an interlude an ad
mlrer called upon him for a speech
Mr. Bryan made the most of. his oppor
tunity. He eoon had the whole con
ventlon beneath his spell.
So much attention did Mr. Bryan at
tract that, in the following year, when he
was 29, he was offered the Democratic
nomination for Lieutenant-Governor. This
he declined, but he took an active part
in the campaign, making more than 50
speeches.
In 1890, Mr. Bryan was nominated for
Congress by the younger democrats oi
his district and elected by a majority
of 7000.
Taking his seat In Congress, he was
named a member tf the ways and means
committee. Then came the first speech In
Congress of "the Boy Orator of the
Platte." as he had been dubbed. . It was
a brilliant plea for tariff reform, an
a great hit.
All through the Fifty-second Congress
Mr. Bryan was one of tne prominent ng
ures of the House. He stood for re-eiec
tion to the next Congress and got In by
a bare plurality of 140. In Congress h
ioined the free silver forces led by Mr.
Bland, whose lieutenant he became. One
of Mr. Bryan s great speeches was de
livered on the Sherman silver repeal bill,
when he was pitted against Bourke
Cockran.
At the end of his second term Mr.
Bryan declined te stand for re-election.
He then became editor-in-chief of the
Omaha World-Herald, in which paper he
advocated free silver and opposed every
thing that smacked of Glevelandism. He
was nominated for the United States
senate in 1894, but was defeated by the
Republican candidate, John M. Thurston.
Mr. Bryan still continued to make
speeches, chiefly in regard to the money
question, but did nothing to attract much
attention until, at a bound, he leaped Into
National prominence at the Democratic
convention of 1896, with a speech m
which he said:
" "Thou shalt not press down a crown of
thorns upon the brow of labor; thou shalt
not crucify mankind upon a -cross of
gold."
He swept the convention off its feet,
dimmed the luster of Mr. Bland and was
nominated the next day. amid a scene of
wild enthusiasm. His peroration contain
ing the metaphor of the crown of thorns
and cross of gold, was used as a cam'
palgn cry.
He traveled over 18,000 miles during
the campaign, speaking day after day for
nearly four months, to thousands who
had heard of him as the foremost orator
of the country, fh his campaign he made
more than 2100 speeches and, in the lat
ter part of the fight, it was a dull day
when he did not make at least 20 ad
dresses. All Mr. Bryan's eloquence and energy,
however, could not elect him. He was de
feated by Mr. McKlnley, the following be
ing the vote:
William McKlnley, popular vote. .7.104.779
William J. Bryan, popular vote. .8,502,925
William McKlnley, electoral vote. ' 271
William J. Bryan, electoral vote. 17B
Garrett A. Hobart. of New Jersey, was
elected Vice-President over Arthur Be
wail, of Maine.
During the following four years Mr.
Bryan maintained his hold upon his
party and was again nominated lii 1900
at the convention held in Kansas City.
The paramount issue of this second
campaign was declared by the platrorm
to be "Imperialism." Mr. Bryan again
traveled thousands of miles, making 20
and 30 speeches dally, but he was beaten
for the second time by President Mc
Klnley. The vote was:
William McKlnley, popular vote. .7.207,923
William J. Bryan, popular vote. .6,358,133
William McKlnley, electoral yote. 292
William J. Bryan, electoral vote. 155
Theodore Roosevelt, of New York was
BRYAN'S RECORD
for Presidency by Democrats.
elected Vice-President over Adlal E.
Stevenson, of Illinois.
Between the two campaigns the Span
ish-American War had occurred. In
May. 1898. Mr. Bryan raised the Third
Regiment. Nebraska Volunteers, and was
commissioned Colonel.
After the 1900 election he established
his weekly paper. The Commoner, which
he has edited since. He has made a
great success of this publication and it
has a very large circulation.
In 1904 Mr. Bryan was one of the prom
inent figures at the Democratic conven
tion in St. Louis; but the control of the
convention was in the hands of men un
friendly to his policies. For the last four
ears Mr. Bryan has been doing a large
amount of lecturing. He is said to have
made a comfortable fortune out of that
work and from The Commoner. In 1905
he. made a tour, of the world, his re
ception at New York being one of tne
most noteworthy ever extended 'to a re
turning American.
Mrs. Bryan, who is said to have been
of so much help to her husband, has ac
companied him on many of his speech
making tours. Her life has been largely
one of study and she is entirely absorbed
In her books, in her husband and in her
children.
The Bryans have three children. The
eldest. Ruth, was married in 1903 to
William Homer Leavitt, an artist. The
wedding took place at Fairview. the
Bryan home near Lincoln, where Mr.
Bryan has a farm. Mrs. Leavitt Is now
23. while her husband Is 14 years her sen
ior. The other Bryan children are Wil
liam J.. Jr.. who is 18 years old, and
Grace, who is 16.
ONE EASTERN VIEW OF THE WEST
What One Editor Found, and He Calla
Them Revelations.
Harper's Weekly.
One reason why a good many East
ern men don't go West is that they
have to work for a living and cannot
spare the time. This may seem strange
to those who have been led to believe
that the streets of New York flow with
milk and that honey constantly, drops
from the eaves of high buildings, but
It Is a fact. Everybody In this modern
plalsance midway between Sodom and
Gomorrah meaning Boston and Phila
delphia whose attention Is worth wm
nlng, toils by day and spins by night.
But when one does succeed In break
ing away for a little time and goes
away beyond the Rockies he makes
many Interesting discoveries. A few
revelations are:
,That there Is more robust patriotism
in the Far West than In the East.
That there Is keener civic pride.
That there is lees drunkenness and
profanity.
That the peonle are .more hospitable
than anywhere else except In the South.
That the men, though less accurately
Informed, are broader-minded.
That the women dress better than
their sisters In New England, though
less attractively than their couBlns In
New York.
That the results of public-school
teaching surpass those of private tui
tion. That refinement in manners and con
versation is so marked as to be no
ticeable. That all, old and young, are quick
to perceive, and generously apprecia
tive of, the most subtle humor.
That jealousy of the East does not
exist only a curiously vague resent
ment of what might be termed pre
sumption of superiority.
That devoutnese dominates sectari
anism. That the wisdom of woman suffrage
has been completely demonstrated
wherever the experiment has been
made.
. That Western people care less for
money and more for achievement.
That everybody knows everything
about mining.
That almost everybody speculates
a little.
That the best music Is popular, and
that In Salt Lake City te the most ef
fective organ in the world.
That travel on the Union Pacific Is
more comfortable than on practically
any one of the Eastern roads.
That, despite equal business depres
sion, spirits are more buoyant and
hopeful than hereabouts.
That successful business men get
elected to the Senate, less through cor
rupt methods than for the reason that
they are supposed to be able to "do
things for the state."
That the newspapers are generally
Independent, though somewhat preju
diced, almost invariably well printed
and breezily and cleverly written,
though not closely edited.
That compulsory education of chil
dren is becoming universal.
That the new architecture is charm
ing. That the small cities are being, re
built for permanence with wide paved
streets, lined by trees at great expense,
with good water-supplies, adequate
sewers, and pretty parks.
That a larger percentage of the pop
ulation of Nevada than of any other
state read Harper periodicals.
We advise all persons, male and fe
male, young and old, anaemic or other
wise, to go West and look around. It
Is a heartening thing to do.
Man Defeats Jersey Bull.
Lebanon Criterion.
O. A. Archibald, Of the First National
Bank of Albany, had a thrilling ex
perience last Sunday. He was In the
Swelter pasture, ,nea the Calapoola
bridge, when he met a Jersey bull in a
narrow path. The bull, without any
warning, attacked him, getting him
down by a hard hit In the side, when
Mr. Archibald used his heavy hunting
shoes to advantage, and succeeded In
getting Into an open place, where he
secured a piece of vine maple and the
bull came out second best, precipitately
retreating. Mr. Archibald has a limp to
show for the adventure.
Weston Is Content.
Weston Leader.
The State Board of Regents has acted
wisely upon the Normal School ques
tion. Three schools are none too many,
and Western, Southern and Eastern
Oregon will all have representation.
The recognition of Monmouth, we trust,
will end the many tribulations of the
oldest normal In the etate, which has
met its hardships bravely and gradu
ated a large army of teachers.
Good Man In Right Place.
Albany Herald
Agent Fronk. of the 8. P., deserves
much credit for the way in which ha
handled the trains during the Fourth.
Had the same number been run into
Portland, every available officer of the
road would have been called out to as
sist. Mr. Fronk may well be proud of
his success..
Another Tfon-Partisan. -
Eugene Register.
We all appreciate R. G. Smith, of
Grants Pass, as an orator, but Eugene
hardly expected him to make a political
speech instead of a patriotic one on July
Fourth, as the orator of the day.
- Dr. Osier's Both Birthday Near.
Baltimore American. .
Professor William Osier is candidate for
the lord rectorship of Edinburgh Uni
versity. Let us see Dr. Osier will soon
be 60.