8
THE 3IGRMKG OREGOXIAX, WEDNESDAY, JUXE 10, 1908.
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PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY, JCNB 10. 1008.
OLD SOCIETIES IN NEW SEATS.
The German Baptist Brethren, fa
miliarly known as Dunkards, have
considerable societies in various parts
of the United States and Canada. The
austerities of life practiced by these
people are severe. In food and dress,
in household and social life, they ad
here rigidly to old customs. The com
plaint now comes that they can no
longer control or restrain their young
people. The examples about them
carry their young people away from
the ancient regime. The girls will
have fashionable hats; the boys will
have the trappings in use by the other
young felows about them.' Boys and.
girls catch something of the modern
spirit. They want Its literature, its
amusements, and participation in Its
social life. More, they will have them.
But this grieves the elders, and threat
ens the foundations of the church.
Etymologically, Dunker means Vdip
per. It was a name historical in Ger
many given to the Brethren, because
they baptized converts by plunging
them bodily in streams. We used to see
the like in our own states. In pioneer
times, as practiced by Methodists at
campmeetings, and sometimes by oth
ers. Rock Creek, in Clackamas
County, was a favorite stream.
The Dunkards are numerous in
Pennsylvania and Ohio, and in parts
of Canada. Their people eschew all
' ornaments and luxuries, all "styles" in
dress and all fripperies of city exist
ence. Yet they live, usually, in the
""most abundant and substantial man
; ner; but their life does not please or
. .' satisfy their young people, who see
conditions about them more attractive
than their own. There is a similar
Mennonite sect in Illinois and other
' states, known as the Amish congrega-
tions. In "some localities they are nu
: merous, notably in the counties of
'; Tazewell, Woodford and Fulton, in
Central Illinois. Their way of life is
. .! very rigorous and severe; yet they
' live in abundance, and have continu
ous and increasing material prosperity.
' The primitive church is their model;
they drive to the church on Sundays
and stay all day; they have sheds and
forage at the church for their horses
and carry their dinner with them; they
have Sunday school and a sermon,
then dinner and another sermon, and
disperse at nightfall. Their whole
equipment and dress are of the plain
est, description. But the Amish,
like the Dunkards, cannot hold
their young people, ft Is impossible,
of course, to continue the habits of
isolated places in Europe centuries ago
in America today. The Amish people
is a sect which derives its name from
David Amen, who led a division of
the Mennonke Church in Switzerland
some 300 years ago. They hold the
usual dpctrines of the fall of man and
the atonement, the authority, of the
Scriptures and baptism; but keep
themselves secluded from the world,
and refuse all participation in politics.
All these people have habits of great-
;' est industry and thrift; but their way
- of life cannot be long continued, be
cause they cannot hold their young
.' people to it. The schism in the Dunk
ard body In Iowa, just announced, is
a sign of the dissolution of this and
other similarly exclusive sects. It is
"the spirit of the times," in their new
situation in America. In their orig
inal seats in Europe they still flourish,
because there they are removed from
the temptation and incitement to
change. Maji everywhere is a crea-
- ture of the conditions that surround
" him. That, indeed, is the reason why
the social fabric is changing in Ore
gon, as elsewhere; but it Is In the new
',' communities, where the forces of Na-
ture are as yet unappropriated, or at
least unexhausted, that the change is ,
most rapid. In the Bernese Alps the
Amlsh branch of the Mennonltes re
mains almost unchanged.
SOUND JUDGMENT OF THE GOVERNOR.
Governor Chamberlain will hold on
till the end. of the year 1909, so as to
keep the direction of the affairs bf the
state out of the hands of "the fool
party" as long as he can. This Is a
splendid effort of patriotism. A little
later Harry Lane will be nominated
for Governor and most probably
elected; for, though he couldn't have
been elected to such office, nor ever
would have been thought of for it. In
the days when Oregon was sane, he is
going to be the man for next Gover
nor. Of pourse. ' The Republican
party can't do anything but commit
folly on folly. "
It elects five-sixths of the members
of the Legislature, yet has so tied itself
up that it must elect a Democratic
Senator. We shall favor the retention
of the asylum for the Insane in the
hands of the Democratic party as long
as possible. There should be a
branch department of It, called- "The
Limbo," for Republican political para
nolacs. No wonder Democratic states
men from prohibition counties have
come in force to Portland and are
full of hilarity.
Our admiration of the Democratic!
party never was so great. Why?
Things always are presented In, and
exist, by contrast. The Democratic
party Is not the biggest fool party In
Oregon. When, for fifty years, could
one say as much as that? We trust
Governor Chamberlain will hold f.o the
helm.
CHINESE MILLING COMPETITION
ENDED.
Advices from Hongkong report the
closing down for an Indefinite period
of the big Rennie flouring mills,
which began operations about a year
ago. The plant was such a large one
nd there was apparently so much
money behind it that its construction
was for a time regarded with serious
misgivings by the Pacific Coast mill
ers, who had built up a great flour
trade In the Orient. The fact that, it
was to be operated by Mr. Rennie,
who for nearly twenty years had rep
resented the Portland Flouring Mills
in the Far East, and who was excep
tionally well Informed on all matters
pertaining to the Oriental flour trade,
gave additional reason for fear that
Pacific Coast milling interests might
be endangered. But a single year of
operation has served to demonstrate
quite effectually the impossibility of
Chinese mills competing with those of
Oregon and Washington.
With Manager Rennie driven to sui
cide by the heavy losses sustained by
the company, with no market for the
by-products of the mill and but little
better demand for the flour than for
the mill feed, the directors have closed
the mill, pocketed their losses, and
practically retired from the field, leav
ing the mammoth plant in Junk Bay,
a gloomy monument to misdirected
capital and energy. From all reports
that have been received, failure of the
enterprise has been so complete that
there will be no early attempt to re
vive it. This unfortunate ending was
due to Its inability to meet the legiti
mate competition of the Oregon and
Washington mills in the Chinese flour
trade. '
There are a number of reasons why
Mr. Rennie's enterprise was from Its
Inception doomed to failure, but two
in particular stand out clear and dis
tinct. One was the inability of the
new millers to induce the clannish
Chinese buyers to take up new brands
of flour. The Portland Flouring Mills
Company, pioneers in the field from
the Pacific Northwest, atod still the
dominant factor in the flour trade
throughout the Orient, had for more
than twenty years been selling the
same "chops" or brands to the Chi
nese, and in a land where accomplish
ment of any kind of an economic
change is a matter of centuries, it was
almost an Impossibility to wean the
Orientals away from the Portland
brands to which they had become ac
customed. The other insurmountable
handicap was the impossibility of get
ting rid of the' "offal," as bran, shorts
and mill feed are termed. Most of the
wheat used at the Hongkong1 mill was
imported from . Portland or Puget
Sound. The freight rate across the
Pacific was about the same as the
rate on flour, but every to)n of wheat
contained more than 500 pounds of
bran, shorts, etc., for which there was
no market after the mill had. sep
arated it in the Orient. This enabled
the Portland and Puget Sound millers
to ship in its manufactured state 2000
pounds of flour at the same freight
rate that the Hongkong miller was
paying for about 1500 pounds in the
shape of wheat.
The Hongkong miller could neither
use nor sell to advantage this extra
500 pounds of "offal" on which he had
paid the freight, while the Coast
miller, quite to the contrary, found an
ever-Increasing market at high prices
for all the mill feed that he could
produce. The development of the
Manchurian wheat fields may in the
future supply Oriental mills with a
cheap .supply of wheat and enable
them to compete with the Oregon and
Washington mills, but it will be many
years before the change can be ac
complished, probably not ' before the
ever-increasing population of this
country takes up the surplus which is
now forced to seek a market beyond
the seas.
The absolute failure of the first big
milling project in China leaves the
Oregon and Washington millers more
firmly intrenched than ever, in a very
rich trade field.
TAFT'S REMARK ABOUT GRANT.
It is astonishing to note how great
a number of newspapers.ln the East
ern States denounce Taft for his ref
erence to Grant's early habits of in
ebriety. Taft did it to commend the
strength of! character and purpose in
the man who had force enough in
himself to abandon a vicious habit.
Rawlins helped his chief, undoubtedly.
But Grant had the moral stuff
in him; and it was the object of Taft
to bring out that fact, to increase the
public admiration of Grant, and to use
it as an example, for encouragement
of his countrymen.
But many treat it as if it were slan
derous and false. That is deplorable.
At Portland, Vancouver and The
Dalles Grant was seen' often,' by
everybody who cared to look, in a
state of intoxication. It was not
much thought of at the time, but was
recalled immediately after he had be
come famous through inestimable and
immortal service to the country.
There Is a spirit of hypocrisy in the
innumerable attempts to "vindicate"
Grant against the slanders of Taft.
The fact is, Taft was delivering a
most excellent and effective temper
ance address. Grant himself never
was the man to deny that he had
been addicted excessively to drink, in
his early life; but of course he never
mentioned It that he might boast that
he had reformed.
The Chicago Journal says: "Taft's at
tack on Grant may have an Influence
on the political history of the United
States. American .sentiment Is not to
be trifled with, and It will be unfor
tunate for Mr. Taft if his blow at it
shall defeat his hopes of the Presi
dency. The Republican convention
will be likely to ask itself whether the
country really desires a President who
is subject to lapses of the sort to
which Secretary Taft has shown him
self liable." Could anything be more
Inept or overstrained?
WHY MR, CORTELYOU?
The rumor that Mr. Cortelyou has
been selected as the Republican can
didate -for Vice-President sounds
rather fishy. There are many reasons
why Mr. Cortelyou ought not to be
selected. It is hard to conceive of a
single one why he should, except that
he is said to be in high favor with
Wall street. It Is commonly believed
that during his administration of the
Treasury the public funds have ben
largely at the disposal of his specula
tive friends in New York and perhaps
they mlglit reward his usefulness by
contributing to the campaign fund. If
he is nominated, everybody will un
derstand that it is for the sole purpose
of attracting money from our million
aire gamblers and the trusts. He will
be expected to repeat his performance
in the campaign of 1904, when ho
slyly and sleekly gathered in the
wealth from the syndicates.
But a scheme which worked well in
1904 may happen to fail in 190S. Pub
lic sentiment has changed in the last
four years. Public morals have im
proved. Political methods which
passed then without discredit would
not be tolerated today. The public
understands the plutocracy better than
It' did, knows what its methods are
and what they lead to, and is resolute
ly determined not to be governed by
it. The mere suspicion that Air. Cor
telyou has been nominated in order to
elicit a slush fund from the trusts
will be almost enough to defeat the
Republican ticket. .In states like Ore
gon, where unrest is conspicuous and
party bonds have been loosened; It
would perhaps mean a Bryan major
ity. . . . .. '
Mr. Cortelyou is a man utterly with
out merit so far as the country has
been able to learn. He has accom
plished nothing of statesmanlike pro
portions. That he is a "nice feller"
everybody admits, a much nicer "fel
ler" than Mr. Fairbanks; but "fellers"
who are nice and nothing more have
not so much vogue as they once en
joyed. The country wants something
more solid in its public men. Between
Cortelyou and Fairbanks, give us
Fairbanks. With all his negative
traits and defects of ability and tem
perament, he is at least ' respectable
and his puritanism is genuine. While
he would never greatly adorn the
Vice-Presidency, he would never dis
grace it. Of Mr. Cortelyou we can
not say as much. The chances are
that he would disgrace the office. If
he has ability, he has never shown it.
If he has conscience, he has effectu
ally suppressed it. If he has loyalty
he has managed to prove that he re
gards it very lightly. His campaign
for the Presidential nomination was a
series of indirect, underhanded, half
treacherous maneuvers which few men
of honor would have had the hardi
hood to undertake.
Mr. Cortelyou's nomination might
strengthen the- Republican ticket in
Wall street, but would weaken it
everywhere else, for the conspicuous
favor of Wall street means distrust in
the mass of the voters. Mr. Taft will
enter the campaign with two or three
handicaps which are unavoidable.
Why saddle him with one worse than
all the rest which is easily avoidable?
A MODERN CRUSADE.
The International Congress on Tu
berculosis will meet in Washington,
D. C, September 21, and close its work
October 12 of the present year. Pres
ident Roosevelt has accepted the pres
idency of that body, and will give his
personal attention, as he has given his
public indorsement, to the work for
which the congress was called. In
common with all thoughtful. Intelli
gent, well-informed people, Mr. Roose
velt sees in the crusade that is now
in progress for checking and stamping
out tuberculosis in its many forms a
movement full of hope for the individ
ual and calculated to confer material
benefit on the world at large. s'
The economic feature of this move
ment can never quite overshadow the
humane feature, while human love
and pity watch at the citadel of life,
anxious to overcome and expel the in
sidious foe that' has Invested it under
the dreaded name of consumption.
This feature is, however, one that ap
peals to practical people, who see the
necessity of conserving the working
force of the world and preventing its
depletion by the slow decline of vital
forces ending sooner or later in death.
Any long illness Is a drain upon the
resources of the family and in a less
perceptive degree upon the commu
nity. AVhen accompanying this loss of
personal energy and earning power
there Is a menace of subtle contagion,
or at least of communicability of dis
ease which is too frequently followed
by another and yet another deadly
blow, the condition becomes justly
alarming from an economic stand
point. It is a well-known fact that
the energies of a whole family have
in numberless cases been absorbed in
blindly fighting tuberculosis one after
another falling in the contest without
conquering the insidious foe.
This is true in a National as well as
in a family sense. It is for the pur
pose of forging weapons with which
to ight the battle of the race of all
races against this scourge and direct
ing their blows so that the energy that
i behind them will not be worse than
wasted, that this International Con
gress on Tuberculosis has been called.
A study of this problem in all of its
aspects and phases will be made and
the control of the scourge will be di
rected and urged by and in the name
of science, economics and humanity.
Preparations for this congress are in
progress all over the civilized world,
and it promises to be the greatest
gathering in the interest of public
health ever held In this country.
Editorial reference to the pioneer
steamer Beaver" In yesterday's Orego
nian brought forth inquiries regarding
the age and first appearance in these
waters of the famous vessel. The
Beaver was launched on the Thames
in 1835, and sailed from Gravesend
for the Columbia River August 27,
1835. She arrived at Fort . George
(Astoria) March 19, 1836, coming out
under sail, with the bark Columbia
for a consort. Her vaddlewheels were
attached at Fort Vancouver. Steam
was raised May 16, 1836, and a day
later she made her first trip, towing
the bark Columbia up to a sawmill lo
cated about five miles above Vancou
ver. On May 31 she took a party of
excursionists around what is now
known as Sauvie's Island, and depart
ed from the Columbia on her first sea
voyage by steam June 26, 1836. She
was in active service m for fifty-two
years, and was" -wrecked on the rocks
near the entrance to Vancouver har
bor In Jul-, 18S8. Her first com
mander was David Home, the name
being misprinted as "Howe" in yester
day's Oregonian.
The Tax Commission of the State
of Washington loses a valuable man
by the resignation of J. H. Easterday,
of Tacoma, who is now a candidate
for the office of Attorney-General. Mr.
Easterday has made a specialty of tax
ation legislation, and, unlike some of
the men who have taken up the sub
ject in other states, he is so well posted
on all matters relating to the subject
that he has originated some most
valuable reforms in the assessment
laws of the Evergreen State. He is
exceptionally well qualified for the po
sition he seeks, and, if successful,
would maintain a' high standard for
the office.
A typographical error In Monday's
Ortgonian made it appear that the
salary of the Baker City postmaster
was but $2000 per year. The figures
should have been J2600 per year, the
gains in the business of the office be
ing in keeping with those of other
growing Oregon cities. Baker is pre
paring for an extension of the Sump
ter Valley Railroad and for construe
tion of the Eagle Valley line. Both of
these projects will add materially to
the growth of the Eastern Oregon
mining metropolis, and it will be but a
short time before another advance in
postmaster's salary will -be warranted
by the growth of the city.
With a surplus of labor of all colors
California fruitgrowers are" no longer
confronted with possible loss through
their inability to secure help. This
labor surplus, however, is bringing
with it more trouble for the author!
ties,, as some of the white fruitplckers
have already mixed with the "honor
able" men of Nippon, and. If there is
a continuation of the assaults, our
Japanese friends may send over an
other ultimatum. The trouble will
hardly assume serious proportions
however, so long as the white squad
ron remains within hailing distance.
Lists are published of members
elected to the Legislature. But they
are absurdly classified as to politics
There are no Republicans except those
who have refused to pledge them
selves to the election of a Democrat
to the Senate. The rest are Demo
crats. The Legislature is Democratic.
That's all there is of it. Why juggle
or palter with terms? The Oregonian
congratulates the Democratic party.
It has played with success the great
est bunco game ever played in any
state. It is entitled to everybody's
admiration.
The Columbia River is "coming"
now. Yet it can hardly be deemed
probable that the water will rise very
high. So far as we can learn, the; pres
ent flood area, in the great watershed,
is not very extensive. It seems to be
confined to a few tributaries. Yet
from the whole mountain region it is
not possible to obtain reports. From
present information we shall not ex
pect more than 25 feet. The. high
est record at Portland is 33 feet.
Naturally there is mighty indigna
tion among the "allies" because the
Taft managers insist on seating the
colored delegates from the South,
where the Republican votes don't
come from. Their wrath would be
greatly appeased, however, if they
were themselves permitted to seat
some of these same cullud gemmen.
It was a fine (Democratic) conven
tion yesterday; but nobody saw a sin
gle non-partisan in it. Carry the
news to the (so-called) Republican
members of the Legislature who are
pledged to Statement No. 1.
Everybody is sorry that "Jim"
Raley appears to be mixed up in the
land frauds. It was sincerely' hoped
there would be "nothln' agin our
leadin' Democrats." We ought ' to
have one virtuous party.
But, they say, the reason why Dem
ocrats have been so very virtuous is
that they haven't had much of a
chance for fifty years. This places
them in excellent position to shout for
reform.
The Taft machine Is pushing Cor
telyou for the Vice-Presidency on the
theory that somebody has got to pro
vide the Hon. George B. with a Gov
ernment Job; and it's up to them.
This would have been a fine week,
of -course, for the Rose Festival; but
the ideal time would be next Fall,
when that Arch of Welcome is com
pleted. The Emperor of Russia, after four
years' Isolation, has contrived to take
a railroad ride without being blown
up. The anarchists are losing their
grip.
Once a year we learn from the Kan
sas flood stories that there is a Kaw
River. Otherwise the Kaw belongs in
the Calapooia class.
The "allies" have got together on
that brilliant statesman, that peerless
orator, that magnificent leader Any
body to Beat Taft.
"What of the" billion-dollar Con
gress?" we are asked. "We are a billion-dollar
peope." Well, most of us
are.
More land fraud Indictments. Evi
dently Oregon has not gone out of
the business.
Yes, it's hot enough for us.
"THE MAO STATE."
A Fairly Snecnsful Attempt to "Size
Up Oregoo.
New York Sun.
The Hon. George Earle Chamberlain,
a Migsissippian educated in Virginia
and transplanted to Oregon In 1S76,
has a genius' for popularity. He had
been In the Northwest only four years
when he was elected to the Oregon
Legislature. He was also a District
Attorney in the Os. In 1S91 he was
appointed and in 1892 elected Attorney
General. In 1900 he 'was again elected
a District Attorney, and before his
term was out he was elected Governor.
Re-elected in 1907, he Is sow the choice
of a majority of the voters of his state
to succeed the- Hon. Charles W. Fulton
as a Senator in Congress. Mr. Fulton's
term expires March 3, 1909. Mr, Cham
berlain's term as Governor ends in 1911.
Surely a fortunate politician, who can
serve his time in one office before an
other Is thrust upon him.
Governor Chamberlain Is said to have
much of Clay's and Blaine's extraor
dinary gift of remembering names and
faces, a gift of rather more use than
any other to a politician in this world
of vanity. Yet he is no mere "mixer"
and 'handshaker." He Is a man of
cultivation, a sound lawyer. As Gov
ernor he has Introduced reform and or
der In the state institutions His ap
pointments have usually been excellent,
we believe; and his not infrequent
choice of Republicans for office has
strengthened him among the friends of
"non-partisansiup," a theory which has
helped him a good deal in a Republic
an state and has perhaps humbugged,
not to say buncoed. the Republican
brethren there. On the whole. Gover
nor Chamberlain seems a winning can
didate in every sense, and so can hope
nothing from the National Democracy,
which loves to lose.
It should be said, however, even if
some Republicans and devil's advocates
say the same, that Oregon may best
be described not as a Republican but'
a crank state. Show the Oregonians
any new political notion, any device
for nullifying a bit of Constitution or
depriving themselves of representative
government and they will Jump for it.
So many of these devices are in opera
tion already that it is only after a long
and serious course of reading that a
voter is able to do his duty at the
polls. Men'r minds are up in the air.
Beautiful dreams like "non-partisanship"
scintillate before their eyes, and
meanwhile one of the choicest lots of
cutthroat politicians that ever flour
ished has got hold of the Republican
party. An attractive situation for a,
clever and popular man like Governor
Cbamberlain.
We don't know whether it's true or
not, and It seems too good to be true,
but according to some of the mourners
the Oregon Democrats, who are subtler
far than most of their tribe, registered
under the primary laws as Republic
ans. Thus they prevented the choice
of Senator Fulton as the Republican
nominee for Senator, substituting the
Hon. Henry M. Cake, supposed to be
the weaker man. Then in June they
worked to beat Cake and did it.
We don't wish to underrate the mer
its of Governor Chamberlain, but it la
fair to remember that he belongs to a
state possessed of the devil of change.
"A HATIONAIi PRIMARY."
The Vashlnsrton l aw Compared With
That of Orearon.
Aberdeen (Wash.) World.
It is all very well to say that the
people rule lri O.regon and that the
Indorsement given Governor Chamber
lain, at the polls is the resulc of that
rule. But do they? And Is It? The
Governor's plurality is somthlng like
1.R00. perhaps, while Mr. Ellis and Mr.
Hawley are both reutrned to the
House by more than 15,000 each; and
pluralities of members of the slate
ticket exceed in some instances 25.00f
votes. What does It mean? What sort
of people are they In Oregon to say
that they want RepublU-ans in the
House and a Republican state admin
istration, but prefer a Democratic
Senator? Of course they did not vote
for the party. That much is pluin.
Tarties mean nothing in that kind of
voting.
But. this is not to say that the
direct primary system is vicious,
worthless and demoralizing. It does,
however, write an Indictment of State
ment No. 1 as silly, nonsensical and
not only visionary, but a factor In
disintegration. What else can be said
of a method that seeks to compel the
legislative representatives of one
party to present a member of the
opposing party with the highest of
fice a state has to give? That is not
the rule of the people It Is the ven
geance of factions. It has no place
in a rarty Government. If so. we
have been conducting our affairs since
the foundation of the Republic on
a misapprehension.
But the direct primary system it
self, rid of an obnoxious pledge like
that contained in the Oregon law, ap
pears to be a benefit.
It la What He Did That Coasts.
Chicago Inter Ocean.
A city clerk in St. Louis has found
a paper showing that U. S. Grant in
18E9 applied for the post of county en
gineer and was rejected. The fact Is not
new and it Js of no, more importance
than what Grant drank and when he
drank It.
Not his humiliations and rejections
not his. faults or failures but his vir
tues and -his successes made Ulysses S.
Grant a great man whom all the world
honored In his life and mourned at his
death, and whose memory Is held in
reverence by his countrymen.
That small men when he was obscure
ruld not see his merit and passed It
by means nothing. Such a detail is ab
solutely worthies In forming an image
of the true Grant. What did the town
pump think of Webster? What did
Webster drink before he replied to
Hayne? Who cares? What Grant did
is what counts.
A FEW SQLTBS.
"Pa. what is a metrical .rnmancp?"
Well, this month's eas bill is one." Phil
adelphia Inquirer.
Hoean "Pltwat became av Pat?" Gro-
ran "The poor felly mlshtook an auto horn
fer a whistle and shtopped wurrk crossing
tne sirate. men.
Rolling-stone Nomosa "Dis paper' says
dat labor is ennobling." Tatterdon Torn
"Dat's all rlirht. hut I'm asln' do nobility,
anyhow." Philadelphia Record
"Are you sure. Aunt Susan, there Is noth
ing deleterious in this pie?" "Sure, honey,
My recipe don't call for none of that kind
of stuff." Baltimore American.
Pater "And did that young man have the
nerve to think: that he was in a position to
propose to my daughter?" Daughter "Oh.
he was, papa! He was on his knees."
Cleveland Leader ,
Old Oentleman 'No, kiddies, do you
want me to have a pame of romps with
you? Eh?" Youngster "Oh. no! We're
playing: at Indians, and you're no uae.
You're scalped already!" Punch.
Weary Willie "Firemen has a cinch; dey
don't do nothln' most o' de time but loaf
around de fire-house. I'd like dat Job,
wouldn't you?" Rarson Tatters "Naw;
onrt I seen a flreman git soaked wld, water
Irom a hose." Philadelphia Press.
MORE VIEWS OX OREGON ELECTION
Popular Choice (or United States Sena
tor Discuased by Newspapers.
Philadelphia Press (Rep.).
This means more than the election of
a Democratic Senator from a Republican
state. It is, so far as it goes, a breaking
down of party government and an ef
facement of representative government
as it has been heretofore understood.
The Legislature still in form elects a
United States Senator, but the members
do not vote for the man of their choice
or for their party's choice. They merely
obey orders given at the polls. They
may be protectionists, but they must
must vote for a free trader if he has
received a majority at the polls. They
may be strongly in favor of the policies
which President Roosevelt stands for and
yet be compelled to vote for one who re
gards these policies with abhorrence. It
would be far better to have the people
elect United States Senators at first
hand and have done with it. than to have
the Legislatures thus devitalized and the
election of United States Senators in the
Legislature made merely the official re
cording of the result of a vote cast else
where. Teat of I.avr to Come In the Seaate.
Washington (D. C.) Times.
The Oregon plan has been attacked
as a circumvention of the constitutional
requirement that the Legislature shall
choose Senators; it Is urged that the
Legislature Is made a merely ministe
rial body, and that all discretion in the
matter is taken from it. There has
never been a serious contest to deter
mine if the law is a violation of the
Constitution. If the pledge to Cham
berlain is carried out, it may safely be
expected that his seat will be con
tested, and that a test of the law will
be secured 'in the Senate. If the law
is sustained, it seems likely to be
adopted in other states, for the agita
tion In favor of popular selection of
Senators grows stronger year by year.
Oregon and Iotrax Experiment Stations.
Washington (D. C.) Post, Ind.
The Democrats could easily take ad
vantage of this widespread desire for
change. It has even manifested itself
in the very innermost ranks of the Re
publican party of Oregon, normally a
stanch Republican state; sends a Dem
ocrat to the Senate. Allison, the be
loved old war-horse of his party and
Iowa's fldus Achates for more than 40
years, is barely able to hold his own
with Cummins, a comparatively new
man. In the struggle for his seat. The
situation is not unlike that in France
before the revolution. There are great
cracks, dissensions and schisms in the
ranks of the ruling class; the sub
merged classes lack only a leader to
become the rulers themselves. But he
must be a real leader. Not one who
makes his lungs do all the work.
And then comes the quinine in the
candy, "but I Just simply can't stand
for Bryan.
Intelligence and Club Accompaniment
New York Press, Ind. Ren.
In Oregon, the Republicans are in
dorsed as a party and continued in
power, but the electors discriminate in
favor of sending a Democrat to the
United States Senate. Possessed of
state and Federal machinery, under the
old system not only could the dominant
party have prevented a Democrat from
going to tile Senate, but its machine
could have forced some selection of its
own, however distasteful to the mem
bers of his party. No matter whom
the people desired they could have had
no voice inhe matter. Since the peo
ple cannot make the bosses ee what
they want in any other way, they are
going to beat Intelligence into their
heads with a club.
LegiNlature to Correct Error.
Indianapolis Star. Rep.
The Republican voters of Oregon
have simply made fools of themselves,
and fortunately the Constitution affords
their i epresentativea in the Legislature
an opportunity to correct the mistake.
It is not surprising to learn that a
movement is on foot to require the
election of a Republican Senator at the
hands of the Republican Legislature,
and if that should be done tills Winter,
the initiative-single tax-Prohlbition-"recall"-woman
suffrage hyuterla that
has run riot in Oregon the last four
years will get the setback of reason
and sanity that it has long had coming
to it.
Thankful for Small Mercies.
Baltimore American (Rep.).
It follows that a Republican Legisla
ture will be called upon to elect a Demo
crat to the United States Senate, the rep
resentatives elected to the Legislature
having pledged themselves to abide by
the result of the primaries. This is one
of the strange outcomes of the system
of nrimarv elpptfnna fnv Rvna. if i-
certainly not paralleled by any previous
Biiuauon in any state. But, however,
this may be. Oregon is strongly Republi
can, and in so far as this is indicative of
the political weather, Republicans have
cause to be elated.
Expects That Deal Will Be Carried.
North American (Ind. Rep.).
Under the new Oregon primary law.
Republican legislators, obeying instruc
tions of their constituents, will elect a
Democrat United States Senator. Right
here in Pennsylvania. Democratic legis
lators have elected Republican Senators
and voted against the instructions of
their constituents to do it.
Reduced Government to Absurdity.
New York Times (Dem.).
We should say that no candidate could
make such a nrnmiHA withnut an ,11.
cation of his self-control, a surrender of
his self-respect, that would be a very
good reason for refusing to elect him.
It is the reduction of pretended repre
sentative government to an absurdity.
Predicts a Chance of Heart.
Indianapolis Star (Rep.).
Oreiron would have a. nrimarv nlertlnn
law. but the chances are that a majority
of the voters of the state would not have
it now if they could help it.
Clear Case of Reciprocity.
ASTORIA, Or., June 8. (To the Ed
itor.) One would suppose In reading
the different comments on the election
of Chamberlain by the Republicans of
Oregon, that the majority of the people
did not understand the true theory in
the matter. It is a fact that cannot
be denied that the Democrats of Ore
gon are noted for their generosity,
especially when it comes to the elec
tion of a United States Senator of the
Republican faith. I had the honor of
being a member of the Legislative
body of 1901, and a Democrat. Our lit
tle band of 27 looked like IB cents
when the Mitchell people got through
with the sifting. Now, I was .just
foolish enough to believe that those
Democrats were paid in coin of the
realm; but since it lias not been ad
mitted by them, and Republicans of
high standing have denied that money
bought Democratic votes at any -time,
it is just as plain as the none on a
rum-blossomed face; the good Republi
cans of Oregon are only paying a debt of
honor to their Democratic friends who
have always been "Johnnie on the spot"
to assist them whenever a Republican
candidate was in need of Democratic
sympathy. It's a clear case of recipro
city. B. F. ALLEN.
Goes to Jail for His Dog.
Philadelphia Record.
J. R. Penrod, of Crafton, Pa., was put
In Jail for refusing to kill his dog by or
der of the court, but the dog went free.
SOME SECRETS OF " SPOOKOLOGY"
Simple Tricks. Kxplclned by Amateur,
Used n Evidence of Spiritualism.
PORTLAND. June 7. (To the E.iitor.)
In a letter published in The On'gonian
of the 4th inst., Thomas N. Wafrner (rive?
a few instances which he s:ys seems to
him to be "first-class evidence" of spirit
communication. The instances are inter
esting only in go far as they so to show
how little is required to satisfy some peo
ple that such phenomena occur.
To those who are anxious to believe iv.
spirit manifestations, the performance of
a simple trick, a coincident, or any of the
many strange actions of the mind occur
ring in abnormal conditions, are conclu
sive. There is a natural tendency on the
part of most people to seek after the
marvelous and the extraordinary. Thrre
Is a fascination -about the mystical which
they rind it difficult to escape. What they
cannot explain they are pleased to assign
to the supernatural, and they shy from
a critical examination of the facts, or of
the nature of the evidence, as the devil
does from holy water.
The first instance given by Mr. "Wagner
is the reading of questions, and the ii:ini'
of dead people, which have been written
on pieces of paper and handed to the
"medium" in sealed envelopes. There are
several ways of doing this trick, and i.f
done with some dexterity and with the
assertion that it Is done with the aid ot
the spirits. It seldom fails to win converts
among the credulous and uncritical. I
have often amused children with it, al
ways explaining, however, that it was a
trick; but about a year ago. while visiting
an old friend who has charge of a well
known health resort in Southern Califor
nia, I was induced by him to perform it
for the edification of some very estimable,
though somewhat rheumatic old ladies
who yvere guests of the resort. Let me
first tell you what I did along this line
and then explain how It was done.
I asked some one to write the name of
a person, living or dead, on a card and
place it in an envelope. This was dope,
and the envelope sealed and handed to
me. Without looking at it I placed it be
hind my back, where I held it for a few
minutes, most of tho time ruhhing tho
c-.ivelop with the tips of my tlnpers. I
then told them the name In full and re
turned the sealed envelope. I had not
looked at the envelope at any time dur
ing the performance.
I then suggested that I would leave thi
room while a name wus selected and writ
ten for a second test. A very thick en
velope had been secured and was handed
to me on my return to the room, which I
took In my left hand and rubbed lightly
for a second or two with the finpers of
the right. I then let my left hand drop
to my side, where I held the envelope in
full view of the audience, which was now
closely watching my every movement.
Placing my right hand on top of my head
and cloFing my eyes. I Informed them
that they had given me a very difficult
subject, and it would be necessary for
them all to think Intently on the name.
Standing thus, tho envelope still in mi'
left hand at my side, and with my eyes
still closed, I spoke, as nearly as I 10
member, as follows: "It Is a lonir time
ago. He was born in Portugal. He was
a great sailor. His name is Christopher
Columbus!" And so it was. Judein'3
from the remarks that followed, the effoi t
was startling, and one old lady ,-c;Ued
me if I could cure rheumatism.
Now for the explanation. In the first
trick I was careful to secure the envelope
immediately after It had been sealed. An
ordinary envelope can be readily opened
immediately after sealing without injury
to the envelope or to the gum. Tho mo
ment it was behind my back and out of
sight. I opened it, secured the 'arrl In
the palm of my hand and brought Hie
hand to the fron.t. tapping my foreiie.i-l
with the tips of my fniKPrs as if in
thought. Having caught siKht of t
name, the card was returned to the en
velope, which must now be resealed. This
was done by again bringing tiie hand to
the head, and whilo in the. act of hitin;;
the finger nail, or stroking the moustache
(still thinking intently) the fm.-:er wa t
well moistened in the mouth. It .?
then an easy matter to wet the flaus of
the envelope, seal It, and, after tellinr
the name on the card, return the envel
ope, apparently unopened and uninjured.
It is obvious that tho second trick U
performed by different means, and Iht.i
la alwas advisable where the sme tirclc
is to be repeated, as it helps to mysUfy
tlie audience. While absent from t!o
room I concealed a tiny piece of sponir'
saturated with alcohol, between the first
and second fingers of the risht hand.
Eighty-five or 00 per cent alcohol ren
ders paper quite transparent and soon
evaporateH. leaving little or no trace. It
is therefore necessary, after seeing tho
writing through the envelope, to give a
little time for the evaporation to taka
place. Hence, after reading the name of
the discoverer of America a little hocus-
pocus had to be done so as to give tho
spirits time to get away.
Here we have the application of a sim
ple fact in chemistry, which perhaps 13
not known to one person in a thousand,
and even when it is it is seldom thought
of in connection with the trick. Even
scientists have been fooled by it, as
they have been by many other simple de
vices. It Is the object of the "medium."
as It Is of the professional prestidigita- '
tor. to mislead his audience as to what
actually occurs. One of the many de
vices in slate-writing may be cited as an
Illustration.- A slate is produced and
the medium proceeds to wash tho slate,
but by a clever sleight of hand stunt tho
slate is turned all the way over and the
same side is washed twice. On the un
washed side there has been previously
written a message in a chemical carrying
calcium In solution and which is Invisible
until the chemical dries, when thore ap
pears the message as if just written with
a chalk pencil. Some years ago the Eng
lish physicist and chemlct. Sir William
Crookes. was completely bamboozled by
this and other similar tricks by the noted
faker. David D. Homo. And Crookes,
because of his standing as a scientist, is
frequently quoted with confidence by ad
vocates of this form of spookolopy.
But while fraud and trirckery are at
the bottom of a large part of the so
called evidences of spirit phenomena,
there is another and much larger element
on the psychological side of the subject.
The startling phenomena frequently found
In many of the abnormal mental condi
tions are well calculated to strike tho
uninformed as being explicable only by
the spiritualistic hypothesis. Obviously
these conditions can be dealt with on!v
by men who have given the subject spe
cial study, and who by their training
and temperament are particularly fitted
to cope with the subject. Clearly the
competent psychologist is tne best man
to determine the nuijift and the powers
of the so-called submliminnl states, sen
sory and motor automatism, and tho
various hyperesthesias. It is well-known
that the whole field of these abnormal
conditions, including tho mass of "liov-
derland" and pathological phenomena.
such as automatic writing, trance, post
hypnotic suggestion, double personality,
illusion, hallucination, hvsteria. and in
sanity, with many normal states as well,
are included in the problem of explaining
the phenomena often accepted by the un
wary as "tirst-class evidence" of snjrit-
ualisra. H. K. SARGENT.
To the Odor Born.
Philadelphia Leader.
Chicago man who was a member of the
committee on reception on the ocmijh
of the visit of Prince Albert of Bo;c:u-m
a year or two ago, tells of his Highness'
inspection of the stockyards.
The Prince received every possible at
tention and was mucli Interested in tho
magnitude of the industry and the
various processes for disposing of the
thousands of cattle and hogs slaughtered
every day.
Just before he left he turned to the in
telligent young man who hart heen to'.d
off to act as his guide and asked;
"Do you never suffer any inconvenience
from the odor here?"
"What odor, your Highness?" was tho
naive response of the young man."