3
THE aiOKJUKG' OREGONIAN. SATURDAY, JUSTE 6, 1908.
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rORTLAND, SATURDAY, JUNE 6, 1908.
"SECOND ELECTIVE TERM."
Senator Bourne's effort to force con
ditions that would result in the nomi
nation of President Roosevelt for an
other term seems to have found its
quietus. It is because Mr. Roosevelt
meant what he said when he declared
that he would not be a candidate for
re-election.
ButJlr. Bourne has seen fit to im
peach his sincerity. It was unfortu
nate indeed that he should have as
sumed that the President was merely
a demagogue a rank and dangerous
demagogue. The President comes out
of it without a spot or stain. But Mr.
Bourne certainly does' not emerge
from it with credit.
The trouble with Mr. Bourne is that
he is absolutely without knowledge of
high principles in politics. With him
politics is merely "a game." In Pres
ident Roosevelt he mistook his man.
But he is not yet "out of the game."
We quote from Wednesday's San Fran
cisco Chronicle:
There are some people who call themselves
"Koosevelt Second-Termers" who are delug
ing the delegates to the Republican Na
tional Convention with literature and badges
looking to the renomlnatlen of President
Roosevelt for a "second elective term."
They have opened a "headquarters" In Chi
cago. All this paraphernalia costs money.
It costs a good deal of money. "Where did
you got It. gentlemen?" A truthful answer
to that quesLlon would throw a great deal
of light on various other questions. The
money certainly did not come from Presi
dent Roosevelt, or from any friend of his.
Of course, none of this literature is
wasted on Oregon, where the Bourne
programme was distinctly and spe
cially repudiated and Taft delegates
elected. Yet the phrase "second elec
tive term," used in this literature, be
trays its origin. Mr. Bourne orig
inated it. The proprietorship, the
copyright, is his.
There Is every reason to doubt
whether Mr. Roosevelt could be elect
ed if the nomination were forced and
the convention should adjourn. His
declination has been positive, his dis
claimer so absolute, his pledge to Taft
so complete, that it is idle tor talk
about forcing the nomination on him..
Is Senator Bourne alone in this
business? If not, who are his coadju
tors? "Back of every important mod
ern political movement,-" says the
Chronicle, "there Is money." That
this movement is "important" we do
not know. But the Chronicle says it
is; it tells about the "headquarters"
in Chicago and the "literature" and
"badges" that accompany the effort.
"Somebody," it adds, "is putting up
money." Oregon is familiar with tha
tale of similar "headquarters" (to
compare small things with great) at
Salem.
THE PIONEER DEATH LIST.
The annual death roll of Oregon
pioneers, as compiled by the secretary
of the Pioneer Association, comprises
thirty-four names, most of which are
familiar In the early annals of the
state. They represent the lives of
men and women who came her in
their youth, impressed the stamp of
active, useful manhood and woman
hood upon the life of the community
with which tfiey came in touch, and to
a greater or less extent upon the civ
ilization of the state, and passed on.
The name of Rev. I. D. Driver, for ex
ample, is closely associated with the
vigorous expounding of the gospel ac
cording to tho tenets of Methodism for
full fifty years; that of Arthur H.
Breyman recalls the beginnings of our
early industrial and grazing interests;
that of Mrs. John Ewry the days when
neighborly sympathy ministered to the
inmates of the home in which death
had entered; that of Anthony Noltner
the crude days of Oregon journalism;
that of David Smith the primitive era
of Oregon farming; that of Mrs. Sarah
D. Owens the dauntless heroism with
which woman met the dangers of life
upon the frontier; that of Charles M.
Cartwrlght and P. J. Mann the vigor
and success with which, under primi
tive conditions, the mineral wealth of
our isolated state was exploited; that
of Dr. Ezra Poppleton the simple
methods of hearting, that sufficed for
pioneer ills and ails. And so on
throughout the entire list which was
published in The Oregonian yesterday
of the pioneer dead of the year from
June, '07, to June. '08.
Reminiscence in some quarter is
! busy wtafi each and every name in the
list, making sad note of the fact, as
ordered by Nature, that the pioneeYs
are rapidly passing from the land.
THE FOOL OF THE FAMILY."
Now, then, you see how entirely
right The Oregonian'-was months ago,
when it said the Republican party is
"a party that abdicates." This party
has made such a fool of itself that,
though it has seventy-six members of
the Legislature out of ninety, it can't
elect a Senator,
The Washington (D. C.) Post epit
omizes the' situation in Oregon. It
says: "The -Republicans have placed
themselves in a ridiculous position.
but have no right to evade obligations
incurred in good faith and with open4
eyes, and it is better that they be mis-
represented by a Democrat than be
tray their trust. Once free from the
pledge, it is not believed they will ever
get into such a fix again. The wor
ship of populism has made them the
laughing stock of the country."
This folly, of course, will be imi
tated by no other state. Let Oregon
bear the designation of the "fool of
the family." She is entitled to it.
But it is hard on a state to get such
a nairie.
REPUBLICAN CONTESTS.
If the Republican National Commit
tee decides all of the 229 contests for
seats in the convention which are to
come before it and succeeds in keep
ing all parties good-natured, it will
perform a. miracle. Some of the con
tests arose in Ohio through the mach
inations of Mr. Foraker, who could
make trouble even if he could accom
plish nothing else: There are a few
also from Pennsylvania, but by far the
greater number come from the South.
The Republican vote in these states is
almost purely Imaginary. It exists on
paper, but not'in fact. However, So'
far as the National convention is con
cerned, the fiction is treated as if it
were a reality, and the delegates from
the South will hold the balance of
power and perhaps decide who shall
be the candidate for President.
For most of the Southern contests,
as well as for those from Ohio, Mr.
Foraker may be thanked. By his
contrivance when a delegation had
been instructed for. Taft a contest was
set on foot by the negroes under his
thumb. Sometimes perhaps there was
ground for it; usually there was not;
but of course that made no difference.
His negro puppets were incited to do
their worsin the hope that out of a
large number of cases' some might
win, irrespective of right and wrong.
Should Mr. Taft lose as many as half
the congests, he cannot be nominated
on the first ballot in the convehtlon.
Fishing in troubled waters would then
ensue and nobody knows exactly what
might happen.
Although the trickery of Mr. Fora
ker is at the bottom of most of the
contests, he has the sympathy and
perhaps the support of the political
clique known as the "allies." This
clique includes all the candidates who
have no possible hope of nomination
except through Mr. Uaft's defeat. Mr.
Cannon is in it as well as Foraker,
and with them in' more or les3 Inti
mate conspiracy are Fairbanks and
Knox. They are all pulling wires to
win as many -contests as possible
against the Taft delegates. If they
can make the first vote in the conven
tion indecisive, they expect demoral-r
ization to follow. A panic may arise
among the Taft delegates and some
member of the "alliance" may turn
out to be the lucky man around whom
the fugitive forces will rally. Of
course this is extremely Improbable.
Mr. Roosevelt, who is working like a
hero for the Secretary of War, is not
a man to leave business at loose ends.
All that can be done to prevent a
panic will be done. No stone will be
left unturned to win the contested
cases for Taft. But,-after all, enough
of them may be lost to make the out
look dangerous.
Much depends upon the feeling of
the National committeemen. Contests
of this kind are not always decided
purely upon their merits. Other con
siderations intrude. Factional Inter
ests often prevail over abstract right
and wrong. If a majority of the com
mittee is with the allies, they will
probably win most of , the contested
seats. But from what is known of Mr.
Roosevelt and his skill in political
manipulation. It is much more likely
that, the majority is with Taft.
DECREASING FOREIGN TRADE.
',. The June statement of receipts and
expenditures for the Government
shows a deficit for the month of May
of nearly $12,000,000, as against a
surplus of $8,500,000 for May, 1907.
This decrease is a continuation of tha
slump in revenues which began sev
eral months ago, and, a slrrglar show
ing is not improbable for the ensuing
few months before another big crop
and a settlement of political differ
ences eases the strain on our financial
system. As will be noted in the sum
mary printed in yesterday's Oregonian,
the receipts for the eleven months of
the fiscal year are $56,187,522 less and
the expenditures $72,467,046 greater
than for the corresponding period in
the previous. year, leaving a net differ
ence in revenues of $128,654,568. The
heaviest shrinkage in the May receipts
was in customs receipts, with internal
revenue receipts a close second in the
poor showing. An increase of $2,300,
000 on account of "warships," and of
over $1,100,000 on pensions, made up
the greater part of the May increase in
expenditures.
The showing, viewed as a whole, is
not a pleasing one, but when the mag
nitude of the operations of the Gov
ernment is considered, it is not alarm
ing. The Government is, in a way,
a vast business enterprise. When the
people are prosperous they spend
money freely'for goods on which cus
toms duties or internal revenue duties
are collected. This Increases the
profits of the Government Just as a
good crop and ample purchasing
power Increase the business and profits
of the merchant who acts as the mid
dleman between the producer and the
consumer. The heaviest decrease In
imports to this country has been in
crude materials used for manufac
tures. This reflects a diminished de
mand for the goods which our own
people have been manufacturing in
part Tfrom the crude materials import
ed. Studied more closely, it will dis
close a decreased number of laborers
at work in our factories and an attend
ant decreased purchasing power.
Individually, these unfavorable fac
tors may not seem very serious, .but
they show that the recent commercial
disturbance was so widespread in Its
ramifications that every line of bust
ness, from that of the corner cross
roads grocery to the United States
Treasury, was affected in greater or
lesser degree. Our exports are now
falling off and will continue to do f(o
until the new crop is ready for market.
This, however, is not serious, for the
factor to the greatest extent responsi
ble for this falling off now was the
unusually liberal heavy exports of
breadstuffs which were dragge'd out by
the high prices prevailing for thepast
ten months.
- COURTS OF ARBITRATION,
Reports from New Zealand seem to
show that the compulsory arbitration
law is not working so well as might
have been hoped. In spite of the
mst advanced legislation in the world
that blessed isle has its labor troubles
and is looking for something more ad
vanced still by way of remedy for
them. The law requires disputes be
tween employer and employed to be
submitted to the court of arbitration
before a strike is ordered. If this is
not done, the union which orders a
strike is liable to a fine. The report is
that seven workmen were discharged
from a mine because they were not
needed, and their union, being offend
ed, ordered a strike without appealing
to the arbitration court. To punish
.ilis violation -of the law the cour,
fined the union $375. Meanwhile the
Strike had been settled by agreement
and theminers had returned to work.
but when the fine was imposed they
refused to pay it and struck again, this
time against the court, evidently,
Workingmen in the United States
have never liked the idea of compul
sory arbitration and reports of this
kind coming from New Zealand, where
the plan has been tried for a long time
under favorable conditions, will not
make it more popular here. Our
unions seem to believe that their
rights are safer under the protection
of, their own strong right arms than
under the shield of the law, and, tak
ing everything Into consideration, per
haps they are safer for the moment,
But the time is sure to come in this
country and everywhere else in the
civilized -world when private wars will
no longer be tolerated between work
men and their employers. That they
are tolerated now is only one among
many evidences that civilization is still
defective. How soon compulsory ar
bltration, or something equivalent, Will
come It would be foolish to try to pre
dict. It may take a long time. . When
we remember how many thousand
years were required to force mankind
into the habit of submitting disputes
between individuals to the courts we
are led toexpect rather a spacious In
terval befofe the arrival of compulsory
arbitration.
In the end, however, strikes and
lockouts must cease. The interest of
the neutral public, which is seldom
considered at all at present, cannot
fail to assert itself ultimately and force
some method of peaceful settlement
upon "the belligerents. We may re
gard this as certain, although Just now
there are signs of an opposite tend
ency. Not only do we show no indi
cations of wishing to establish new
courts for arbitration or any other
purpose, but there is a clear tendency
on the part of the people to distrust
the courts we have, and on the part of
the courts themselves to shirk their
work. This work is the settlement of
disputes by litigation, arid in theory it
makes no difference whether the dis
putes are important or trivial, large or
small. The civilized world has agreed
that it is better to have differences
between, neighbors over a pig or a
fence and differences between corpora
tions over railroads and insurance sur
pluses all settled in court rather than
with fists and shotguns. But the pres
ent tendency of the courts is to wel
come large disputes between million
aires and corporations and reject small
ones between neighbors.
An eminent Jurist has recently said
publicly that the majority of men
would be just as happy if access to
the courts were denied them for the
litigation of their petty troubles. This
jurist is wrong. He forgets that the
petty troubles of small men are just as
important to them as the mighty en
tanglements of corporations are to the
corporations. And if the coifrts are
not open for the litigation of disputes
they will be litigated with high-handed
violence. The discouragement of law
suits sets a premium upon neighbor
hood feuds. It is a direct incitement
to murder. Make the courts difficult
of access to the small man with his
petty troubles and you destroy one of
the great bulwarks which civilization
has erected against anarchy. If the
courts we have deem these little mat
ters beneath their notice, then new
courts ought to be established where
justice to the humblest individual shall
be cheap and speedy. Society is an
noyed excessively, and great expense
entailed, by petty litigation, much of
which ought to be avoided; but the
courts cannot be closed to such con
testants. Cheap and speedy justice for the
man of small account is something
which society has not yet achieved.
Much less has it achieved justice for
laboring men considered in masses,
which is the only way they can be
considered under modern- conditions.
The development of machinery has
placed the industrial unit, the individ
ual laborer, in a condition where he
resolutely declines to be treated as an
isolated person. He demands to be
dealt with as an element in a mass
more or less homogeneous. This de
mand of the laboring man will be con
ceded in the long run because it is
simple Justice. The futile freedom of
contract which . the courts- insist
upon granting him will be super
seded byx complete freedom of ac
tion in concert with his fellows; but
this freedom implies duties. Possibly
nothing less than courts of arbitration
with very extensive powers can enforce
them. Perhaps some better method
may be devised of compelling our war
ring industrial powers to keep the
peace, but in one way or another the
task will surely be accomplished.
The children's parade and drill in
the procession on the East Side Thurs
day evening was one of the most beau
tiful and interesting features of Rose
Festival week. The simple, dainty cos
tumes, the pretty and graceful evolu
tions of the squad, and the manifest
interest of each child in the part that
he or she was given to do, formed a
picture -that appealed to the pride of
parents and to the generous approba
tion of the multitude. If the gay little
marchers were weary (as doubtless
they were), they gave no sign of it in
lagging footsteps or fretful faces. No
doubt prudent and judicious mothers
removed all discomfort incident to
weariness by tucking the children up
snugly in bed as soon as they reached
home and allowing them to sleep until
noon the next day at the expense of a
half day's unexcused absence from
school.
They say Oregon is a Republican
state, and they will prove it by giving
an overwhelming vote for the Repub
lican candidate for the Presidency in
November. Then if Oregon is a Re
publican state, does it want a Demo
cratic Senator? Is that "the will of
the people"? Do words or names
mean anything? Does, the history of
parties mean anything? Does the his
tory of the country mean anything?
Of course Oregon will elect a Demo
cratic Senator. Not, however, because
a majority of the voters of Oregon are
Democrats, but because the Republi
cans have allowed themselves to be
swindled in a bunco game. Paste in
your hat that line from "Lalla Rookh"
"Ye would be duped and cheated,
and ye are!" It isn't a thing very
serious, of course, and rather to be
grinned at. But will "ye" be bun
coed again?
The tobacco trust is the latest of the
tariff-protected monopolies to offer
evidence as to the stringency of the
financial situation. In New Tork
Wednesday this infant industry de
clared the' regular quarterly dividend
of 1 per cent on the preferred stock,
the dividend rate being the same as it
has been for more than a year. No
statement Is made of the amount that
was placed in the reserve fund after
making provision for this dividend, but
it was probably sufficient to increase
materially the sum that the trust al
ways puts away, for an emergency
which might arise whenever it became
necessary to engage in throttling com
petition. The amount shown in the
dividend is only 6 per cent petv. year,
but even this on a stock which has
been generously inflated,' may mean
all the way from 15 per cent to 25 per
cent.
Public school teachers have had a
hard week of it.' It would probably
have been as well for all concerned
had the schools been dismissed for
the entire week, since to compel at
tention to lessons when a parade is in
progress in any part of the city is
impossible. If the Rose Festival is to
become a yearly event, the school
schedule should be rearranged in or
der to avoid as far as possible the
drain upon the energies of teachers
and pupils Incident to a week's merry
making in the last month of the school
year. To meet this requirement suc
cessfully, family outings must end
with August, the schools be opened the
first Monday in September and closed
the first week in June. This may be
accomplished ip a few years especial
ly if hop-picking becomes a lost occu
pation, as now seems likely.
In some of the upper tributaries of
the Columbia River the water is un
usually high. But it is not general.
The great river drains the western
slope of the Rocky Mountains for a
distance of 1500 miles from north to
south; yet the flood from this vast
area seldom or never comes all at
once. It is most violent now in the
basins of the Pend d'Oreille, Clear
water and Salmon Rivers. Fifty years
ago there was a sort of mystery about
the annual rise In the Columbia, as
down to recent times there was mys
tery about the pulsations of the Nile.
But the whole geography of the Co
lumbia watershed is now known, and
we hear the reports about the "June
rise" in the most 'matter-of-fact way.
Two million words of testimony
have already been taken 'In the Gov
ernment suit to dissolve the Standard
Oil Company, and the record will be
still further extended by 'an additional
million words included in the exhib
its. This is in keeping with the mag
nitude of the Rockefeller operations,
the Landls fine, and the length of
time that wjll probably elapse before
the fine is paid and the company dis
solved.
Here is a party, here in Oregon, that
has elected five-sixths, nearly six-sevenths,
of the members of the Legisla
ture, yet has so tangled itself up with
vagaries and follies that it has to elect
a Democratic Senator and quit busi
ness. What man of sense is going to
depend on, or ever act with, such' a
party hereafter?
One John M. Brown was a Railroad
Commissioner, or some such officer,
down in Georgia, and Governor Hoke
Smith, when he took office, put him
out. Then Brown ran -for Governor
against Smith, and now Smith goes
out! Politics is a pleasant occupation
elsewhere, as in Oregon.
A Federal judge has gone on record
as approving the verdict of the Idaho
Jury that acquitted Haywood, "refus
ing to be swayed by popular clamor."
But the judge discreetly refrains from
expressing any opinion that Haywood
was innocent.
The steamship Corwin for the ninth
consecutive year is the first steamer to
arrive at Nome after the opening of
navigation. The Corwin 'was built at
Portland a fact which undoubtedly
accounts for her being first In the field.
Opponents of Bryan, talking John
son, declare that the fight at Denver
is anybody's fight even yet, and that
Bryan's success is by no means as
sured. -Hearing this talk, the Bryan
men answer "Too much Johnson!" i
Mayor McClellan has gained five
votes in his great contest with Hearst.
The little Mayor also enjoys the slight
advantage of having .the job well in
hand.
President Roosevelt has definitely
decided to go to Africa and hunt big
game. He hunts no other. It's ail
Another reason why California sent
no roses to Portland is that there are
no California roses worth mentioning.
OBJECT LESSON FOR WASHINGTON
last Consider the Unhappy Flight of
Oregon Republicans., '
Centralia (Wash.) NeVs-Examlner.
Politics are certainly tPsy turvy
over in Oregon, and the results of the
elections held on Monday tend to make
one waver in one's faith in the peo
ple of Oregon being in sympathy with
Republican principles. There has been
such a lack of consistency on the part
of the people in their choice of a
United States Senator that one may
well wonder whether they know Just
what they have done. The will of tho
people Is supreme, but when the. will
is diametrically opposed to cojnmon
sense one may be excused at smiling
at the idiosyncrasy of the sovereign
power, and for thinking that, after all,
the constitutional method of electing
United States Senators by the people's
representatives is better than having
them elected by the people direct.
If Mr. Chamberlain . will represent
the people of Oregon in the LTnted
States Senate, how about Mr. Ellis in
the lower House of Congress? If the
majority of the people of Oregon are
in favor of Republican principles, how
will they like their representative in
the United States Senate advocating
Democratic principles in that body?
It would have been equally absurd
to have elected Mr. Cake to the Sen
ate and Mr. Jeffrey to the lower house.
It is more a queston of consistency
than of politics. Mr. Chamberlain's
ability is not doubted, but the politi
cal faith that makes him a Democrat
will certainly be antagonistic to those
who are bound up in the basic prin
ciples of the Republican party. It is
probable that Mr. Chamberlain would
side with Mr. Roosevelt In his fight
against certain National evils; he
might side with him, or with his suc
cessor, against corporate aggression,
against the encroachment of monopo
lies; against the despotism of com
mercial combinations; but these are
not basin, political questions. All good
citizens, and Mr. Chamberlain is a good
citizen, are united in their opposition
to capitalistic oppression, but on all
questions that- are purely political
political in a party sense of the word
Mr. Chamberlain will vote with the
Democratic members of the Senate. All
his ante-election pledges will avail
nothing, for did he not have the baslo
Democratic principles at heart there
would be no reason why he should not
affiliate openly with the Republicans,
something that he has not done, and
something that he will not do. He
has always been a Democrat, Is a Dem
ocrat, and always will be a Democrat.
He was elected a United States Sen
ator as a Democrat by a Republican
people, whose eyes were supposedly
open to what they were doing.
The election in Oregon should be
an object lesson to the people of Wash
ington. The direct vote of the peo
ple is, in principle, at least, a thing
devoutly to be commended, but every
precaution should be taken to prevent
the wishes of the people in one house
of the' Legislature being annulled In
another branch of the same Legisla
ture. e .
The evils Incident to the election of
United States Senators by the State
Legislatures might be easily remedied
without any breach of 'the constitu
tion, and without running any risk of
the people committing any political in
consistency. At the direct primaries
each party could nominate its own
candidate for the Senate, as was done
at the recent primary elections in Ore
gon, but the final selection could safe
ly be left to the State Legislatures.
By adopting such procedure neither
Democrats nor Republicans would have
any cause to complain. A Republican
Legislature would elect the Republi
can nominee, and vice versa. A desire
on the part of the people to have
Democratic representation in the
United States Senate would necessitate
the election of a majority of Demo
cratic state legislators. This -would be
consistent, and the minority would
have no cause for complaint.
. Vanishing Bison Comes to. Its Own.
New York Times.
By act of Congress, signed by Presi
dent Rooseveltrthe plan to restore the
American bison to its Western habitat
has Just become workable. The Na
tional Bison Society, by the initiative
of its president. Dr. William T. Horn
aday, who is superintendent of the
Broxzoologlcal Park, has designated an
area of 20 square miles near Missoula.
Mont., for the new buffalo range; this
the Government will buy and fence in,
while the people of the country will
be invited to subscribe $10,000 for the
purchase of the "nucleus herd."
Popular interest in the plan to save
the historic "buffalo" has never
flagged. There are still enough speci
mens of this noble and valuable animal
to fill with their domestic descend
ants the plains; which their shaggy
ancestors overran. There are ranges
in the West, too, where herds of wild
bison may perpetuate themselves, un
der beneficent game laws, for many
generations. Dr. Hornaday's patriotic!
labor in collecting the money required
for the first wild herd will not be un
requited. Long-Distance Talker Measured.
Washington (D. C.) Star.
Long-distance talking.-'as it is called,
is not difficult for a trained speaker.
Such a man finds sermons in stones,
books in the running brooks, and talk
In everything. All themes lead to his
tongue, and he can twist nearly any
thing to suit his purposes. There are
moments in such an exhibition when
one applauds the ingenuity displayed.
But necessarily there are periods of
the most trying dullness, unenlivened
by either wit, or logic, or persuasive
ness on the part of the speaker. It was
to protect the House against such dis
plays that Thomas B. Reed rewrote
the rules of that body, and put the
filibuster largely out of business.
Take a Long Breath, and Read.
Chicago Dispatch.
The "Swiss Gun Club" was incorpo
rated at Belleville, 111., under this name;
Schwelzerlschesscharfschuetzengese 11s
chaft. the largest name ever submitted
to the St. Clair County Court. If benevo
lent features are added to the club, as
the Incorporators say may be done, the
name will be changed to Schwelzerls
chesscharfschuetzengesellschaftun t e r s-.'
tuetzungsxereln.
Boy's Toys Insured For $25,000.
Baltimore News.
Young "Willie" K. Vanderbllt III. has
so many toys, that he has to have them
insured for $25,000. Many of his toys
have been especially made for him. They
are richly engraved and finished in gold
and silver, and insured against all ills
save death.
Mistakes Identity Leads to Jail.
Baltimore News.
Governor Stuart, of Pennsylvania, has
pardoned J. C. White, of Detroit, . who
has been In the penitentiary 18 months
of a five-year sentence, the conviction
having been due to mistaken Identity.
WHAT IS THE PEOPLE'S CHOICE f
Shall Legislators Obey Instructions of
Their Own Constituents f
SILVERTON, Or.. June 5. (To the
Editor. What constitutes the "People's
Choice" within the meaning of the pledge
taken by a majority of those elected to
the Legislature at the late election? This
may, at first blush, seem an absurd ques
tion to those gentlemen who were and
are successful champions of the "State
ment"; but it is not only a pertinent, but
a vital, question to the true Republican
who believes in the principles of the Re
publican party and yet Is bound by his
pledge to vote for.a man who belongs to
a party which Is and always has been,
in nearly all things, opposed to his. So
ber reflection on the part of those elect
ed to the Legislature as exponents of
Statement No. 1 will inevitably cause
them to realize that their first duty Is
to the people who, according to the Con
stitution of this state, they are called
upon to represent.
The "State of Oregon is divided into
Representative and Senatorial districts.
Each district is entitled to a certain
number "of representatives in the State
Legislature. The representatives from
each district 'speak for and in behalf of
their constituents and owe no duty or
responsibility to any other portion of
the state, except that of observing tho
principle of "a square deal" In the mat
ter of legislation and In general to work
for the betterment of the whole state.
As to the matter of ante-election prom
ises and pledges, they are responsible to
the people of their respective districts
and po 'others; and a pledge or promise
on the part of legislative candidates to
vote for the "People's Choice" cannot
by any reasonable intendment, if the
"Statement" means anything, be con
strued so as to compel them- to hold the
will of their own people at nought and
vote for a man who has been repudiated
In their own district. Standing on the
principle of the "Statement," it would be
a direct slap and an Insult to the peoplo
of their own districts if members of the
Legislature would disregard the will of
those whom they have pledged them
selves to represent and vote for a man
who has secured a bare majority in the
state by reason of excessive majorities
in thickly populated districts where po
litical intrigue and dirty politics play
the largest part in securing the "Peo
ple's Choice."
In Marion County thore are three State
ment No. 1 men who will be members of
the next Legislature. They have pledged
themselves to the "People's Choice" for
United States Senator. The people of
Marion County have expressed, by their
ballots, that Henry M. Cake is their
choice. Will these three gentlemen dis
regard the will of the people of Marlon
County, to whom they are responsible
and to whom they owe their election, or
will they regard their pledge as a com
pact with their own constituents and
vote for the "People's Choice" for
United States Senator? The same ques
tion confronts members from several
other counties and districts, and any
other construction of the pledge of State
ment No. 1 candidates places the smaller
districts completely at the mercy of those
more densely populated. If this construc
tion of the "Statement," now that it has
become a controlling element in the po
litical affairs of the state, is not adopted,
the "People's Choice" In the matter of
selecting a United States Senator will,
in the vast majority of cases, be the
choice of the large cities.
MILLARD A. S1ETZ.
JOKE IS ON THE V. S. SENATE.
Majority Has to Bow to the Bogey Man
' of Unanimous Consent.
Washington (D. C.) Herald.
In their way, the rules of the Senate
are as bad as those of the House, and
even worse, for tho House can at least
transact any business approved of by the
majority and the Speaker; but the
Senate cannot effect its own will save by
unanimous consent. It Is a situation that
has called loudly for reform these many
years, and it Is only poetic Justice that
the very men who have been sweating
under the filibuster are chiefly responsible
for failure to Introduce some form of
cloture Into Senate procedure. Only when
a piece of desired legislation is threa
tened by the exercise of a Senatoriuft
right Jealously preserved by the old-timers
are they hot for putting on the shackles.
It ought to be done, of course, and there
has been ample time since the last one
man filibuster to set the rules in order.
We do not believe that a vote on any
legitimate legislative proposal should be
obstructed in either house, after ample
time for debate on it has been allowed.
either by power reposed in the Speaker
or by privilege lodged In a Senator.
Wherever the rules of either house con
travene ths simple principle they should
be amended. The majority In any legis
lative body should be able to have its
own way; not a merely arbitrary way.
but the way of the unhampered voting
majority. Else the public business can
not be responsibly conducted or legisla
tive policies carried out. It was this con
sideration which developed the existing
House rules. But those rules go far be
yond the necessities of the ease, and
clothe the majority, and especially the
Speaker, with too much power. They err
In one direction as badly as the Senate
rules; by clothing the minority with too
much authority, err in the other. It
ought to be possible to frame rules for
both houses that would hamper neither
freedom of debate nor tho right of the
proponents of legislation to have it
voted on.
Doubtless a plausible argument for
legislative obstruction may be offered
when it is used to defeat bad measures.
The trouble is that obstruction may be
employed as easily to defeat good meas
ures as bad. The best way to defeat
bad legislation is to vote it down. If
that cannot be done, the majority be
comes responsible for it, and may be
made to suffer for It. The people have
a remedy at the polls for all legislative
blunders.
Dog Catcher Not Afraid of Bites.
New York Herald.
David Stetnfeld. of Montclair, N. J.,
who is known as the -champion dog
catcher of the United States, is one
notable believer in the fallacy of the
theory that hydrophobia can be com
municated through the bite of a dog,
and he ridicules the idea that Dr. Marsh,
of Flatbush, died from what New York
scientists describe as rabies. Stelnfeld Is
the official dogcatcher for Montclair.
Madison, Nutley and several other towns
in New Jersey. He has, according to his
own figures, been bitten hundreds of
times.
"I have been bitten time and again
by dogs that were afflicted with rabies,
and I have never suffered 'any evil ef
fects from the experience," says Steln
feld. "As to the disease being communicated
from handling an Infected dog, I do not
believe that' such a thing is possible. I
have captured 7000 dogs during my career,
and in that number were scores that
were deilared mad. I have captured them
with bare hands when my fingers were
sore from bites, and not once was I
infected by the germs of hydrophobia."
Head Escapes, But Legs Injured.
Philadelphia Dispatch.
Two bags of salt fell on the head of
William Henger, of Philadelphia, which
was not seriously injured, but both his
legs were broken.
Just So; It May Indeed Happen.
Walla Walla Bulletin.
The way Oregon went "dry" has al
most caused Walla Walla to spit cot
ton In anticipation of what may hap
pen here later oh.
Shooting Up the Battered Hulk.
Grants Pass Observer.
The constitution of Oregon will be
shot full of holes by the time the va
rious amendments are finally tacked
on.
BRYAN EASILY LEADS THE FIELD
Nearly Three-Fourths of Delegates so
For Elected Are for Ulin.
New York Tribune, May 31.
Sixty-four delegates to the Democratic
National Convention have been chosen
since the Tribune's last table of delegates-elect
appeared. State and "terri
torial conventions were held last week in
Texas, West Virginia. New llampshiie
and Arizona. Texas, West Virginia and
Arizona instructed for F:y::n. New
Hampshire did not Instruct, but six of
the eight delegates chosen are und. l stood
to favor Bryan's nomination. Of tue til
delegates elected Biyau got 62.
The result of the canvass of the pri
mary election returns in Florida was an
nounced on Friday evening. A:i Asso
ciated Press dispatch lrom Jacksonville,
published on May 22, was responsible for
the erroneous impression that Florida
had elected one Bryan ahd nine anti
Bryan delegates. As a nwttfr of fact,
returns from many parts of the stato
had not been received at that date and
the canvass had not yet been begun. Tho
democratic Slate Committee now' an
nounces that only four delegates were
elected under the rule, wnich requires a
majority at the first primary, and that
the six others will have to be elected
at a second primary. - The four elected
are credited to Bryan. The call for th3
National convention fixed its membership
at 1001", the Philippines being excluded
from representation. Six Philippine dele
gates have been chosen, however, and
will apply for admission. Of the 735
delegates so far elected, 54t are in
structed for Mr. Bryan or committed to
his support by resolutions of preference
or public announcements. Twenty-two
are for Johnson, 11 are for Gray and 1S6
are uncommitted. Mr. Bryan has tho
support ot 73.7 per cent of the delegates
so far elected.
The distribution by states, territories
and dependencies among tho various can
didates of the 735 delegates so far elected
is shown in the following table:
STATES AND TERRI
TORIES. Alabama ,
Alaska
Arizona ,
California
Connecticut ,
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Hawaii ,
Illinois
Indiana ,
Iowa ,
Kansas
Maine
Massachusetts ......
Michigan
Minnesota
Missouri
Nebraska
New Humpshlre ....
New Jersey
New York
North .Dakota
Ohio ,
Oklahoma
Pennsylvania ......
Rhode Island
South Carolina ......
South Dakota
Texas
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming ...........
Totals
51--
ttn . .
'o!. .
111.
24! .
til.
Hi!
4; .
14'
tlft;
1 1 .
.14li 22
111 K.'i
Note Contests 'are beins ma!'i for six
Feats frm the District of Columbia by an
uninstructed delegation.
Total membership of the convention of
lOUS, 1002. Neeessarv to a choice under
the two-thinls ruie. 0i.
Six-Leaf Clorei Mars Hominy.
New York Press.
Through fear that a six-leaf rlnver ho
discovered iu the morning might mean
bad luck. Carle Dunbar, of Ihytle ave
nue, Jamaica. Queens, didn't half enjoy
his Saturday vacation. Ho spent tho dny
wondering what would befall him, and
seemed surprised at supper time that th.i
day had been productive of no great
event. -
The finding of a six-leaf clover is ex
ceedingly rare. Dunbar, who is 12 years
of age, found a nest of four-Jeaf clover
leaves, which means good luck. a all
not continued materialists know. Pres
ently ho plucked a stem that had live
leaves growing upon it. That filled him
with horrow, as it indicates had luck. It
would take all the four-leafed clovers he
had found to offset the baleful influence
of the live-leafed clover. He tore it apart
and threw tho bits in different direction
Just then he discovered tho fix leave
growing upon one stem. -,a his knowl
edge of tho bearing of ofoVi-r leaves on
luck did not extend abo'lNS1' the five-leaf
mark, he placed the six-leaf sprig In
water and displayed It to all his friends.
Few had ever heard of a six-leaf -clover.
When DamroRch Leads.
Mrs. Alice Harrlman. Seattle.
When Damrosch leads, one feels a moun
taineer Threading the forest glades, while hlsrlv
and clear
A lark sings In the blue, and drowsy bees
Murmur content to every wandering
breeze
That stirs the leaves till pipes o' Pan we
hear.
Comes deeper note, winds rush and dom
ineer; Comes Btrident cries, the heights rise
boldly sheer;
Comes crashing storm, all hell the mas-
.tcr frees
When Damrosch leads.
Thus from the peace, the stress, discord
austere.
One learns life's lesson of the smile and
tear:
That seeming discords are but Gods de
crees Misunderstood. Love rules our destinies
And Jife is sweet and heaven is here
When Damrosch leads.
Snnke aod Crows In Battle.
Danville (Pa) Dispatch to Philadelphia
Record.
A. D. St. Clair, a farmer of Valley
township, was annoyed at dinner by a
great cawing of crows near the farm
house. Seizing his riile, he opened the
door and discovered a desperate battle
being waged withirt a few feet of the
doorstep between a monster blacksnako
and about a doziin crows.
The snake was getting the worst of tho
fight and was endeavoring To gr-t away,
only to be headed off by the enraged
birds.
The battle lasted about ten minutea
and was ended by St. Clair, who suc
ceeded in killing the snako and several
of the crows. The snako measurml six
feet.
Mexican Army Deserters Laalied.
Baltimore American.
"Instances of desertion from the army
in Mexico are very rare and for tb
best of reasons." said Sen or Jose de
Minaldez, of Nucva, L,eon.
"The reason lies in the almost sure
capture of the fugitive and the certainty
that he will get, not one, but numerous
floggings on his bare back. These lash
ings are done in the presence of the com
rades of the deserter, and when the
men see how great is the suffering of the
miserable wretch who tried in vain to .
quit his military obligations, they are
forced to conclude tiiat it is better to
stick to the army than to undergo such
a terrible ordeal."
Eats 15 Biscuits As Annex Meal.
Kansas City Dispatch.
Roy King, aged 17. six feet high and
176 pounds, of Whiteside', Mo., eats 15 bis
cuits with a full meal and tops off with
a big supply of dessert.
Dog nans 17 Mlies In 4.1 Minutes.
A mad dog near Oakland City, Ind
ran 17 miles In 45 minutes.