THE MORNING ORMiOMAX. WEDSEDAY, APRIL' 1.1. " 1SX5.
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entered at P.-n,4. Ore-. Poetefrie
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mRTiM. rD"rp-rAY. Amu. i.v
IIMTTINO WlTm FRCHIiF.
5r.y n!i hoKt priviU'iros frm th
ptiMH m-T vlnM than oal or tim
bfi or t11. Th--i aro wstor frn
rh!.. fw'iulw, pt-rrliAl riithte t
U!. sircims for p,-.wr n,i Irr'.ir.ition.
or t.mir or may i1i5ArpAr;
not o ih. vrr-t!ovinfr -A'Atr. This
lroprtorhip i-i the u of sor my
Iwmf moro prtaotl trtiin lATttl. For,
hi rrr.otni1 toil i nwwury to
mK ln1 proil-.sottvr, in antl gr.iv
l:y kp up tho n jttr flot-.
rro!i,1ont Koojoveit's vrto of fl.im
franchise on K.iny Kivor, Minnoo:A,
t of tv oonv-'rn to tho Foirio Xorth
'jt. hor flow tfc pT-ttyt WAtor
norit o of tho Vniied S:a:o. His
iinnoursood polioy of rosistina; unlimit
ed w:or frnvNhisos hortaf;or is ono cf
his mo?t Important roforms.
C'';&n Th Orosonian has ca!!o1 th
Attfr.tior) of tho piih'.io ni tho lpjtis
iatur to tho want of limiiaitons on
water riithts. B-.it "t has hoon impos
sit to oho,k tho froo sift and grab.
So many pariios in intorost havo in
vadod tho Capitol duririR tho loarisla
tivo sessions that oorrootive hills havo
boon dofoatod
Tho nivt tmportar.t "rostriotion. In
pran:; of waior rijthts. is not oompon
satlon to ;ho puMio for the use of
wator, as many persons suppose, hut
ismit on the life of the franchises.
The PiiMie will not suffer from ap
propriation of all usofuT streams by
private individuals or oompanios. If
is wo'l to enoourajce all possible pro
ductive enterprises Fy jrrantinjr suoh
franchises to responsible persons. Put
these persons should not oh:ain ever
lasting franoh sfs Tho state and the
National Government can afford to
s:ve away water monopolies for twenty-five
or fifiy years, "hut not forever,
and ten:y-5ve or fifty-year fran
chises will promote lepitimate enter
prises If not in all cases, then let
them be lor.jrer. Fut they should al
ways have an end. This matter is
ably treated by the President in his
ve:o messa.ee. Ho says:
": t"ief of Frjnnrer nf tV. Army report
t'-at tie hi:. now per.ii! at tr.. .sk,b of
Oonaviai n.T-rrit . -.rrri-ctior. of dams
r.ivn r.on. oApaso ,f Orvo?:r.T
owr 1 .w.iW vv.-.- Te nvpn run
r n hour :r tr ,1.y Ti.i fvfr- 4.- la the
. -a- To srvr or ih amour: 0 pom r ao'd.
:r.i-r axe-ao vono :,-. rec'-re a-ut .
0, Tora" of ricoiw-r. qu.ll.y o-,I every
ynr Ts ra.ua: oa:-h r t; b.-nify of
l. po,',.. 1 ro -a.or. for s.virt it
aay T.i-c t!rrr is fw-y ryason f.l not
:ir.;,yr cor :io- ao barvircAie as to pre
var.t uli.trav.- of IV powrr. ....
Tia ir.-t rvCioy pii-s-jrd m ir.aKirj ttjeee
arrt is arrw m yivir.r ty to prop
erty of tbe pe.re in the fiw:rr atfr to
in itx iiviN or ortar-.ialior pra..i.::y nc-ar-owa
ar.t artirit in perpetuity three vty
ch pr.. 'lea-e m aivartoe of tre f orrr-atiot
o" cP.r-.-.e p'ars as to titetr ie. In .cne
eaAr the t i"vf. arpaert:y ra littie or
r ftraro.a: ,v othf-r ah 'ity to util-te the
a ft " i huve rojc-. it roerev beoajee !'.
c v h-ai for tr.c aR:r.f
Another matter, which the President
does cot mention, is also important J
how are the franchise-holders to be !
compensated for :heir properties at
tho end of the specified term? L'n-
der our system of arovt-rnment it will j
be impvissiole to terminate a franchise, i
if by so doir.K property should be con-
fiscated. It will bo remembered that j
m the.Ores-n Lepisiature in February, j
17, the Portland Gas Company set;
up the claim that its r.?e iJ other '
p:ant properties would be ruined by
forfeiture of its perpetual franchises.
The company intected into the forfeit
ure bii! a Senate amendment compel
linir the city to pay the company a big
rin of money f-r termination of the
fas franchises. In the Ciry of Port
land the street-ar company holds a
Hum her ef permit or urt of certain
! Uresis Alder si root, for example.
These pormlis are not callod fran
chises, hut they are perpetual In Iho
. sens that ! time Is sot for their
.end. r?m how Is the -company to. be
o,lsted frM iho stroipts. If ouster shall
"ever bo desired. or compelled move
jits tracks to mwfce rom for a rival
j car Un. without pnyrnent of dne
Yet atich payment would bo virtual
i purchase of a franc hi so by the city,
j wMtoh iir-i-e It away five.
In franss of waior fianchisos. tho
' public should see to I! (hat tt will not
bo barred fts'-rn .taking lvicK Its own by
private properly claims Those claims
will bo sot up in every case, unless
they are specially provided against in
'he franchise. A dam. or a mill, or an
Irritation ditch, or a streetcar track.
Is a property that w,)i he made value
less by termination of a franchise.
One by one tho itreat water powers
of this country have been picked up
by speculative and corporation arab
bcrs. Though warned, tho public has
pot heeded, or at least lis servants
haw not Water monoely is the
most valuable of all prlvUe-re. Wiih
each advanoluir year Its value In
creases. This latest Roosevelt reform
Is hiarhly Important to the whole coun
try. ThoMph too Ion delayed. It Will
save much to tho people.
lAY.rtr FROM t.l AV
The T'hs Ttemlrer diverts a frao
lion of lis Intellect for a moment from
the weightier snhiecta which usually
occupy it and honors The Oreponlan
with brief and rebuklnit attention. Th
ttist of our offense Is that we. have
given the cue, to use the Ttemtner's
own lanmiaa-e, te a number of eenintry
paer-s which presume to oppose the
Mcred slnsle-tax amendment. The
Dallas Solomon g-ently chides those
papers for being thus misled by the
wavering Came of our dubious wisdom,
"The fact of the matter Is." declares
the Ttemier. '"that The Oregonlan
does not know how such a tan would
work out any metre than we do."
fir contemporary Is merciful In Its
strictures, tt mipht have aaid ,lhat
The Oreg-onian knew "less than' w
do."" which would have been a truly
horrible reproach, for. a w gather
from its remarks, the Itemirer knows
exactly nothing at all about the single
tax. -It might be a goed thing for
the landowner and It might not,' this
rural luminary sagely observes. Those
who understand the single tax have no
doubts whatever upon fit's point. Tt
would be a groed thing for some land
owners and a very bad thing for oth
ers, and so It Is Intended to he. The
prime purpose of the single tax Is to
make thing's hot for the man who
holds nnimproved land out of the mar
ket waiting for other people to add to
its value. Its secondary purpose Is to
ease the farmer's tax burdens by ex
empting his stock and Improvements.
Were the single tax amendment now
before the people Constructed so as to
accomplish these ends and no others,
it would meet wish almost universal
approval; but It nullifies Its possible
merits by exempting all manufactur
ing plants. This Is an outrajreous
privilege granted withotit right or rea
son to a set of the moat shameless
trusts in the country, and because the
amendment thus tries to Insult the In
telligence of the voters. It exight to be
defeated.
Tin! SF ATTI.K SrlRTT.
The Seattle Spirit, which bore a sub
dued air during the aomewhat pro
tracted era of clearing-house certifi
cates, is again rising. Its elastic re
covery was retarded by failure to re
tire the panic money until several
weeks after Portland had returned to
a gold basis and burned up tho certifi
cates. Another factor contributing to
the Quiet nature of the famous spirit
was the remarkable growth of Port
land while the panic was on. The
coming to this city of tho North Bank
Railroad, of the Swift packing plant
and a large number of other enter
prises brought with them business
which prevented the bank clearings of
this city from showing any such slump
as was noticeable in the Seattle clear
ings. But Seattle la slowly recovering,
and the Times has resumed its old air
of bragjradoeio. accompanied with a
reckless disregard for the facts.
The Times of last Sunday printed a
gentle 'Toast'" for a Portland real es
tate man who had the audacity to re
port business dull in Seattle, and, in
the course of the article, the asser
tion was made that "the building per
mits are S - times greater in Seattle
than in Portend, and with a greater
valuation." In both January and
February the value of building per
mits issued at Portland was nearly 54
per cent greater than the value of the
Seattle permits. Tn March an effort
was made In Seattle to overcome this
lead by issuing one permit of a value
of several hundred thousand dollars.
According to the Seattle Daily Bulle
tin, which is issued under the auspices
of the Seattle Times, there was issued
in Seattle during the first three months
of the current year a total of 2S4
building permits of a total valuation
of Si.S9i.$2. The figures for Port
land for the same period were ICS I
permits of a total value of ti.SST.Si.
These figures shew the '"greater valu
ation'" aliuded to by the Times, but
it is too insignificant to be mentioned,
and is accounted for by the fact that
permits are taken out in Seattle for
the most insignificant repair jobs,
while Portland people frequently nail
a new siat across a chicken coop or
doghouse without helping out the sta
tistics by taking out a building permit.
Illustrative of this difference in the
methods of the two ciifes. it will be
noted that the average value of the
IJ51 permits taken out in the first
quarter of the year at Portland was
J1S44, while the average value of the
US4J permits taken out at Seattle for
the same period was Thi aver
age would make an even poorer
showing for Seattle had it not been
for the one enormously large permit
taken out late in March to swell the
total
The Times also seeks to make capi
tal out -of the Portland registration.
By asjming that the partial registra
tion made at Portland before the pri
maries Is as complete as the Seattle
registration np to the date of the re
cent fierce election in Seattle, the
Times figures out that Seattle has .
0Af greater population than Portland.
The later registration in this city will
undoubtedly bring the total up. very
close to the Seattle figures, although
the thickly populated suburbs of Se
attle contain a much greater popula
tion than is found in Portland's sub
urbs. Incidentally it might be re
marked that. whi Portland people
are putting np llao buildings com
pared with J0 biiildjn-rs going up at
Seattle, they are also ga;niBg a popu
lation that la Ailing these expensive
building, more rapidly than the
cheaper class Is being filled In SeattK
Foot 4 SH rH Vrt 1WOTT.
The nreg-oniat will quote a few
specimen aentencea from a foolish ten
ter which one of tho disciplined Stan
ford students named Mott has pub
lished at Salem and elsewhere, Mott
Is not to bo blamed for winning to de
fend hlmsolf, but what will the im-.
i prejudiced public think of a defense
which makes President Jordan out to
be a willful liar, the discipline cohi
mittee a band of consvlenoeless toad
lee, the entire faculty a set of helpless
cowards and the disciplined student
a crowd of Innocent martyrs? Our
young friend state boldly that "stu
dent drunkenness does not exist and
never has existed as such at Stanford.'
We conclude that It has existed a
something else, for Mott himself say
that In his two years of residence "he
has seen two students expelled for
drunkenness." and In the course of his
letter he speak of "President Jordan's
ceaseless and absurd ranting on stu
dent drunkenness."
Queer that Dr. Jordan should rant
ceaselessly on the sub.teot If no drunk
enness exited, Mott explains the
anomaly by sngatostlng that "President
Jordan seemed actually trying to ruin
the university." it Is far more likely
that he was trying to keep Mott and
Ms comrades from ruining themselves.
The reward he got la to he called a
liar In print by the young pnpptes.
"He gave utterance to the most absurd
and groundless slatements," says our
sapient youth. ""He gave Interview ro
newspaper reporters containing noth
ing even remotely resembling the
truth. Dr. Jordan and his fanatical
committee have blackened tho fair
name of Stanford."
Hardly. By dealing firmly with
these misguided and fractious young
men they have won unanimous praise
for Stanford among people who care
for morality and decency. We warn
our hotheaded young friend that
standing for a university l not gained
by worthless buncombe like his silly
stalement that "the standard of schol
arship ai Stanford is higher than at
any other unlversKy In the United
Slates." Kvory person who ts at all
Informed about education knows that
this Is boyish nonsense: hut on the
other hand they know that Dr. Jordan
and his faculty are laboring worthily
to make Stanford a high-class univer
sity, and that before they can do so.
drunkenness and rebellion must bo
subdued. Decent people regret, , of
course, that Mott and his fellows had
to bo turned out of college. We all
hope that they win in time retrieve
(heir good name: but there can be no
sympathy whatever with their inclina
tion to slander their teachers and their
false parade of Innocence.
T.x rtrri.ArvT from vahhit.u
Vertalrt persons In Yamhill County
have undertaken to show that property-owners
in that county pay an un
due proportion of the slate tax. and
they propose that the Slate Treasurer
shall be enjoined from collecting what
they believe to be the excess tax.
Their contention has no equitable
basis, and It is not at all probable that
a court' of equity, to which they must
appeal, would give them the relief
they desire. In support of their posi
tion the Yamhill dissenters set forth
the assessed valuations of property in
all the counties, ascertain the rate of
taxation on the total amount necessary
to raise the total state revenue and
then, using this rate in their eomv-u-tations.
they show that Yamhill
County is paying more than the av
erage ratio.
On the face of it. Yamhill makes a
good showing. But a court of equify
will go deeper than that. It will And
that Yamhill County la not entitled to
have its tax computed at the same rate
as other counties, for the reasoti that
its assessment is not on the same basis
as the assessment of other counties.
The present rate of apportionment of
state taxes was fixed in IS?. At that
time the total valuation of all prop
erty in the state was $I2$.S?S.10s, and
Yamhill's was IS. 31.753. At that
time it was the practice of all coun
ties to assess property at about one
third or one-fourth its actual value.
Since that time most of the counties
have brought their assessments to a
basis of actual values, with the result
that the total valuation in th state
U I5S1.55S.91. br nearly five times as
great as in 1SJ9. But Yamhill's valua
tion is now but $H.T00.5S1, or a little
more than twice the valuation in 1S99.
Since 1S99 Multnomah has multiplied
its assessed valuation by seven; Marion
has multiplied by S; Washington by
Clackamas by 3: and other coun
ties in proportion, making an average
increase so large that the total valua
tion now is five times as large as in
1S99.
A large part of Multnomah's in
creased assessment is due to increase
in actual value and the construction
of new business property. But a large
part of it is also due to a change in
the system of determining values for
assessment purposes.
No one will undertake to say that
Yamhill County's assessment should
have increased in the same proportion
as Multnomah's, but there is no reason
why it should not have increased at
the same rate as the assessments of
other Valley counties. Quite likely the
fixed valuation plan of apportioning
state taxes is not exactly equitable. No
plan of taxation ever was. But it is a
much better and more nearly equitable
system of apportionment than existed
in the years when each county was
trying to surpass the others in making
low assessed values in order to escape
a due proportion of state taxes.
AS TO WIDOWS' 1PES1-TON8.
Agreement has been practically
reached by the pensions committees
of the two houses of Congress whereby
the pensions of widows of soldiers of
the Mexican. Indian and Civil Wars
will be increased from $V to $12 per
month. There is no claim upon the
Government more just than that of
genuine war widows of the soldiers of
any of these wars for suitable provis
ion for their age . through pensions.
Such claims represent, in fact, the
very essence of the pension idea, as
expressed in a nation's -gratitude
toward men who have lost their lives
in the service of their country, having
first become disabled through such
service and so unable to provide for
the wives who faithfully performed
the woman's part in war by bearing
double burdens at home while the war
was in progress.
Women of this class the true sol
diers' widows are entitled to receive
312 a month, when, aged and broken
in health, they face the problem of
life aloe. The proposed Increase tn
widows' pensions, however, should. I
the Interest of simple Justice, be con
fined to women of this claw- t.
widows who a wive shared the hard
ship of war, as women must and do,
by bortrtnal added burden at home
while their husbands were doing sol
diers' duty m the field. There
are hundreds perhaps thousands of
women who are drawing pensions of
JS a month as soldiers" widows who
were horn after he close of tho war
In which their husband fought. Many
of, these married in their youth aged
aad even decrepit veterans, having an
eye strictly to business wiih the pen
sion office, It certainly require a
stretch of patriotism to concede that
widows of this das are entitled to
pensions at all. still loss to an Increase
In the amount that they now receive.
From sharing in this proposed benefit,
therefore, the young or relatively
young widow of an old soldier should
In all Justice and decency be exclud
ed. The claim made by widows of this
class upon (he Govern men t may be
said to represent the cheapest xand
most disgusting phase of that most
shameless transaction a" mercenary
marriage.
The natural handicap that retarded
the growth of Portland shipping In th
past were not removed except at great
expense; In fact there are a few evil
yet to be corrected. Bnt the artificial
handicap now being levied against the
port In the shape of a heavy differen
tial In gralnhandlers' wage, a com
pared with those paid on Puget Sound
will. If maintained, do more to drive
away shipping than any othef Influ
ence that la working aalnt the port.
Kvery man In this free country has
tho rlttht to sell his labor at the high
est price warranted by the condition
in which he And the market for that
labor. If the price demanded Is
higher than that for which tho work
can be handled at rival ports, wage
must either come down or the busi
ness bo driven away from Portland.
The Inieresls of an Important city are
at stake In this manor, and they
should not be sacrificed by the whim
of a few men who would like lo pre
etpHaie a strike as an excuse for
abandoning dock work to engage In
Ashing for the Summer. The right of
ihese men to quit work Is unques
tioned, hut, a this is still a free coun
try, they have no right to dictate the
wages that shall be paid their succes
sors, who are ready and willing to
work at the wagos prevailing In other
ports with which Portland comes In
competition.
The great International automobile
contest is now appearing on a course
where the performances of the various
machines can bo watched with absorb
ing interest. Tho French and Italian
ears are headed for the Orient on
board of a Japanese steamship. The
American car Is due to reach Seattle
from Valdes Friday, and after secur
ing a fresh supply of gasoline, will re
sume the round-the-world trip on
board of a British steamer. The Ger
man car Is still wasting time by run
ning on Its own wheels, but Is ex
pected at Seattle next week, where It
will also take ship for the Orient.
There have been so many diversions
from the "route and so little running
done by the automobiles that the An
Ish will undoubtedly be fully as spec
tacular as the American end of the
race. By securing passnge on a fast
steamer through the Sue and making
connection with the celebrated Nord
Fxpress at Boulogne, the goal at Tarls
ought to he reached in fast time, even
by a slow automobile.
The annual session of the Oregon
State Orange, that will convene in Eu
gene on May 10, promises to be a most
interesting and profltahle one. Com
mittees covering a wide range of work
have been announced by Grand Mas
ter Buxton. Besides those that per
tain strictly to the work of the order,
there are committees on education, th
Agricultural College, assessment and
taxation, legislation, pure foods, agri
culture and good roads a list that
gives a wide range to opinion, sugges
tion and discussion. A distinctly rep
resentative body of intelligent men
and women, the State Grange will
command attention In its presentment
and discussion of these always timely
topics. Its voice upon some of the
matters upon which the referendum
has been caHed In the June election
notably the university appropriation
and woman suffrage will be awaited
with interest.
The frugal housewife who reads in
the paper that there is a disagreement
between the Ashermen and the can
nerymen aa to whether the maximum
price for large royal chlnooks shall bo
7 cen-ts or S cents per pound must not
accept these figures as having any
bearing on the price which local con
sumers will pay. The choice cuts In
the retail markets along the banks of
the greatest salmon stream In the
world will still be 25 cents tn SO cents
per pound. This may be slightly
higher than the prevailing price in
New York, but this is prcbmhly due to
the fact that the New Yorker may not
appreciate the merits of Columbia
River salmon as thoroughly as they
are appreciated by the people who live
where the Ash are as plentiful as they
are in Portland.
Sentiment in favor of the University
of Oregon appropriation seems to be
strong throughout the state. The sim
ple proposition, as it appeals to the in-
rill n. Af Iav.I oirivon is this
worthy of the name, or not? This Is
an important question, and one that Is
likely to be answered in the affirma
tive in June.
Those gentlemen who show signs of
getting a little excited over that -"personal
liberty" ticket appear to forget
that no one's personal liberty to vote
for whomsoever he pleases has yet
been interfered with.
All the colored folk of Washington
turned out yesterday to hear Foraker.
South of Mason and Dixon's line they
still think he's running for President.
But Foraker knows better.
Foraker wants It understood that
his Brownsville campaign is not for
the purpose of making political cap
ital. It's just the cold gray moan of
the morning after.
That makes three games for Port
land. Might as well hand over that
pennant.
It' just possible that Mr. Heney
made one too many farewell tours.
M4.HIXO VOX NFlneinCVai SIVKKM
WatarlHMi View tae lyeot)aiy
rroktktt lov
ri-rtlonel TVaiterwotv t n 1 eulavtlle
rSnirler .-.mrnai. srey oen.ml en
II-. reoent pn-Mt.! Ion vl,oi la In ariM
ami ont l". of ll Xli.Mle Woir
Sinle it 1- i-oprlwted a- i,pi-eet ln th
KentileVy PowH.. view of this qiieailon l
The Prohibition landslide In Illinol
eannot. by any manner of mean, be
construed a proof that a majority of
the voter In the now "dry" section
have ex-en the temporary Intention of
total abstinence that I proclaimed by
the wan who "goes upon the water-
wagon." The usual argument of the
man who Is not an abstainer and who
votes the Prohibition ticket I that
while he, personally, can take a drink
of whisky or a glass of beer, when he
aee At. and prepeaea to do so. he be
llevea that the community I bettered
bv the elimination of the liquor traffic.
In other word, he eonaldere himself
capable of determining th nature ef
hi beverage without detriment to hla
temporal welfare and without jeopards
to hi Immortal soul, hut he hellevea
that other men should he prelected
from temptation by a svslem ef gov
ernment forbidding them to buy Intox-
leant. The objection m thl line of
reasoning I not that It Implies absurd
ero!lm. but that It fall to take Into
consideration th fact that when the
malorltv vet "dry," and the minority
votes "wt," and a majority nf the ma
jority voter Intend to continue to us
timnlant. we have prohibition that I
voted but net anetloned by the ma
jority. The logical. Inevitable and his
toric result I that the liquor trafrte
continue to flourish Ulh'Uly.
The anatomy of the Prohibition pol
icy of the politician who I shelling
the wood to get an office I not worth
considering. Ill hypocrisy la a patent
to himself aa to anyone In the au.llenee.
But the disinterested voter who look
upon himself aa being perfectly nn,-er
In the discharge of hi duff a n eltlnen
when he vote for the abolishment of
the liquor traffic without having the
slightest Intention ef allowing hi per
sonal liberty to he Infringed by the
law. and who would not vote wiih (he
"dry" If he anticipated the possibility
of being ohllged to ohey the law. I
psychologically Interesting. He doe
wliat he conceive to he right, perhaps,
by ttemptlng to force hi neighbor
to he better than he wlhe to be. Put
while he I one of the majority In hi
community, he I not the beat type of
cltlaen. He aid In affecting the ln
tegrlty of all law hy aiding In bring
ing about a condition under which one
win be violated with Impunity by pop
ular consent.
Illinol. like Georgia and Alabama,
and part of Kentucky, will be "dry"
theoretically, practically speaking It
will be bv no mean Impossible to buy
a drink In th "dry" section, although
the quality of the beverage will ho
quest ion a Me. Are th voter who bring
ahont thla condition altrulat. or bene
factors of the tate or race
why cost or i.ivixr is Hir.mnn
ton ef the Thing That laereaae H
peaae In Te Day.
Youth's Companion.
Few topics of conversation afford a
more general agreement among all
classes of people than the Increase In
the coat of living. Ftlmate vary a
to how mueh the Increase haa been, but
nearlv every man who aupporta a fam
ily will av. without hesitation, that It
coat more now than It did year ago.
Ther Is truth In the statement, hut per
hap tt Is not the whole truth, or th
moat Important part of It
A more accurate statement ts that tire
actual coat of necessities. although
greater new than a year or two ago,
has pot materially Increased lnce im.
but that th tastes and Ideals of the
people have made the expenses of th
familv greater. The education In hygiene
h made a necesalty ef the bath tub,
which wa formerly regarded aa a lux
ury, and haa Instated that all the plumb
ing be open. The additional plumbing, In
turn, makes higher water rate.
The network of trolley ears offer In
ducementa to spend a nickel for a ride,
and makes It easy to make ahopplng trip,
on which th other nickels are spent. The
telephone means another outlay. Refrlg
oration ha mad possible a far more va
ried diet, but It Is also a mor expensive
diet: and th cultivation of vegetables
under glass has placed upon the poor
man s table In mtd-Wlnter such articles of
food a not even the rich could secure a
generation or two ago.
Flnallv. there Is the matter of fash
ion, which now provide evening
clothe for children whoa parents In
childhood did not own a utt of any
kind. Even the humbl shirtwaist, sen
sible as It is, means an increase in the
laundry bills. As a woman professor of
household ecenomlcs said. In an address
In New York a few weeks ago. "We
are told to drink certified milk, and yet
cows refuse to give certified milk for less
than 15 cents a quart."
AMERICA, PROVIDER OF NATIONS
Slgalfleaaee of Our Reaemreea la Iaitoa
trlal Rat-ore aad Ala.
Wall Street Journal.
Provider of nations Is the nam
which might aptly be applied to the
United States, on account of the vaat
amount of exports which it supplies
to the manufacturing nations of the
world. The two msln claeses of com
modities are materials for manufac
ture and foodstuffs, by which the in
dustrial populations are maintained.
The rest of the world, for Instance,
could do comparatively little in cotton
manufacturing, without the fiber fur
nished by the United States. This Is
the largest Item exported In the crude
materials fer use In manufacturing.
During the first eeven months of the
current fiscal year these materials
comprised 33.57 per cent of our entire
domestic exports. Besides this, vast
quantities of lumber are furnished to
Europe to maintain its woodworking
industries.
Next in order to msterlala of manu
facture come foodstuffs, comprising 28
per cent of the exports. This is fol
lowed by manufactures ready for con
sumption, making 24.77 per cent. If
crude materials for manufactures,
semi-manufactures and manufactures
ready for consumption be combined
Into one class, they comprise 71.S7 per
cent of our total exports for the period
tn question.
Although these figures are not quite
complete, they still show the signifi
cance of our resources to industrial
Europe and Asia. It Is this fact, of
our actual and potential Industrial ca
pacity, coupled with the presence of
foodstuff supplies, which are. as yet. in
the Infancy of their development, that
keeps the Old World thinking to offset
these advantages in maintaining its
position in competitive relations with
the United States. Europe feels keenly
the possibilities of power Indicated in
theee resources.
Oae of the Vanderhllta.
Hartford Courant.
A eSO.OOO.OOO attachment to stable boy
tastes makes a useless combination. The
money is not needed for stable purposes
and the tastes themselves hold the money
down to relatively unimportant work.
Alfred G. Vanderhllt has money enough
to be of some service in his day and gen
eration, but apparently it is his chief
ambition to tie a stage-driver. Driving
stage is a perfectly respectable business,
provided there is public need for the stage
to be driven: but it is a great social waste
for a man having the income from a lot
of millions to do that work. Either the
millions or the tastes of this young man
are a clear misfit. He would be a better
social product if he had been born poor
and had found work at fair wages as a
stable hand.
"uiviM.n tiil.n.i,:,4 rtTian
tttMln la rrMaerena ay Faada
Are Met Mai-mmI,
PORTI.AVD. April 14 --tTo the Wilier,!
A new Item in The Oreaonian of ihia
morning. April 14. tted "Ther h been
some talk hf closing MoMinnvtll College
at the clo ef the school year III June,
owing to l,-k of funds. An effort I lo
be m,ie lo rwe eHVi In Portland to
enable the Institution to continue It
work next Fall " Unintentionally your
reporler give In thla ataiement an
entirely erroneous Idea of the present
condition of McMlnnvllle College. Two
year go the (ndehtedne of the college
shout f-OrtW. At that time ther
wa om talk ef elealng the Institution
unlesa arrang-ementa could ho made for
coniinuliig It on a cash ht. The
present president, tieonard W. Riley.
Induced to accept the presidency ef the
Institution and a result the cellos
today la enjoying on f Ih moat pros
percu time In lla history. For two
yeai-a now th Institution he been run
on a ch basis and In" addition In that.
over lil.oon haa been paid on the dcht
The current epnr-. which two years
ago amounted to INoefi. have bon In
creased with efficient, eapahl professor,
The student fee formerly amounting lo
Jrtwo for th year, have grw t ahoui
"TV Th enrollment I th largest In
Ih history of th Ihatltullnn. tn fact,
th atlandanc ha brrom so large thai
It I absolutely pceary to provide more
room In the way ef new buildings. Mr.
Olmated. the noted landscape garoVner,
la preparing plnn for the proposed
cawpua and future location of th build
ing, Until a tare and uh-itniil build
Ihg can b rctd to moot Ih need of
th Inatltntion, two temporary frm
building will h erected at once and fully
equipped to meet the demand of th In
creased attendance at th college.
Tt I fer "h purpoaof erecting the
two frame building tht Ih present
financial campaign ha been Instituted
In Tortland. Instead, therefor, ef talk
ing ahont closing up the colles In Jim
we are talking about enlarging It capa
city and arranging for a much larger
enrollment. In order mere thoroughly to
Interest th Baptist of Portland In Mo
M'nnvllle College. It I proposed to hav
a May-day plenle for RMptlat and all
ethers who may wlah to go and hav ah
outing en the college eanipii the flrt dav
of May. Th eltiens ef McMlnnvllle
prop to furnish the dinner and to
glv to tho who attend a rnyal time.
A apeelal train will h chartered and It
1 hoped that there will lie aw or
peopl who will go to McMlnnvllle on this
apeelal oecaalon.
J. WHTTCOMn pnrlUOttF.R.
tn nrnn TRW nr.iiocR4.fr TA-ins.
Ham naMctfl Criticism f Mr.
Rryaa.
New York World. Dem.
Tn hht addrea at Ofnaha. after having
received the Indorsement of th Demo
cratic and of the Populist state conven
tion for th Presidency. Mr. Bryan said:
Pemeereey face the future with hope. Our
party la united, while the ftepttbhoan party
I dlvldeA. A th Repuhlloana need
en faction of th T"tmeertle party to defeat
ti in land w ahail return th eompltn-ent
thl year and lie en part ef th Renuhlleart
party to defeat th other.
Taking Into consideration th peraen
allly of the apeaker and th tlm. plac
and elrcumatanee under which It was
made, that utterance may lie fitly de
scribed as th most aalnln In th history
of recent oratory.
If th statement was th candid x
preaslon of a sincere belief on hla part.
It reveal in the mind ef Mr. Bryan a
moat chlldiBh credulity. If It wa a plee
of rhetoric dealgned to delude th Demo,
eratlo rank and file Into a further ac
ceptance of hla leadership. It hnw an
Impudent contempt for th stupidity of
hla follower and a brasen disregard of
th plainest facts of th political situa
tion. Call It egotiam r call It hypocrisy. It
aril! be equally allly and equally false.
Th Democratic party I not united. It
never will b united under Mr. Bryan.
Not only I It divided, but It I dlaeredlted
and demoralised. In some states It has
almost eeaaed to exist. Fven In the South
its continued eohrne la du to stagna
tion rathar lhn-vltaltty ; and should Mr.
Bryan be rnomlntd thr will h many
states wher If will hardly b worth
whll for th party to make a contest at
all.
History ef Mate rrohlbltlna.
Maine Adopted prohibition In 14: re
pealed In re-enacted prohibition in
ISM.
New Hampshire Adopted In ljfi; re
pealed In 1!0S.
Vermont Adopted In 1SM: repealed In
X
Massachusetts Adopted In IRoS: repealed
In 1S6S; readopted in repealed In
1S7R.
Rhode Island Adopted In 12; repealed
In 1SS3: readopted In ISM: repealed In
1H.
Connecticut Adopted In 1X4; repealed
In 1S7S.
New York Adopted In 15; declared un
constitutional. Ohio Adopted in 1RR1; annulled by a
license-tax law.
Indiana Adopted In lfS; declared un
constitutional. Michigan Adopted In 1S55; repealed In
W7S.
Illinois Adopted In 1851; repealed In 18S3.
Wisconsin Adopted in 1M6; vetoed by
Governor.
Iowa Adopted partial prohibition in
lo; full prohibition In 1-1S4: mulct law in
Nebrsska Adopted In 1S55". repealed In
Kansas Adopted constitutional amend
ment In TffSO.
North Dakota Constitutional provision
In 1WO: repealed In 1S9H.
south Dakota Adopted prohibition In
1907.
Oklahoma Adopted prohibition in 1907.
Alabama Adopted prohibition In 19W.
Fiarly Notlce-a of Org-oo.
13NDON, April . (To the Editor.)
Permit me to suggest that the collection
of early allusions to the Oregon River and
the Oregon Territory would be a matter of
public Interest. Within a few months I
have come across the following:
"Although you may not all of you
eat of the trees you plant this Spring,
your children may. if they do not mi
grate to the Oregon." Missouri Intelli
gencer. April 15. 1823.
In "The Knickerbocker," volume xlil-4fS2-
4S9, is an account of a "Trip up the Co
lumbia in 3850," signed "Montague." The
writer says that "Astoria is the most
miserable place in Oregon Territory.';
and that Portland "bids fair to be the
metropolis of Oregon." He makes men
tion of St. Helens, Pillar Rock and the
little steamer "Columbia."
In the same magazine, volume xlili:642-
4. June 1854. "E. J. A." writes a descrip
tion of a grlrxly bear hunt, from Allen's
Claim, near Olympia, W. T.
"Mr. A. and B. (sic) are boating on the
Mississippi, or 'ballooning' In some fancy
speculation on the north shore of the
Oregon." Puddleford and its people, by
H. H. Riley, p. 237, N. Y.. 1S54.
RICHARD H. THORNTON.
The Eater of Small Words.
Harper".
When sitting by the window. I
Watch the tsll poles go racing by
And wonder why they hurry o
To leave th plac to which I go.
Th words upen the wlrea, too,
I often wonder what they do,
When aeveral meet and try to pass,
Do aom fall oft and die. alas?
And then thoe row ef puffed-up birds!
T know they eat the little words;
For when th tel-e-yratna arrlyo
Only big words are loft ally. ,
Advertising Talks
No, 10
The Hen and the
Doorknob
By Hrrrt Kaufman
Olio tiiion A Mm fheve nun a l'oo
lien who at on a china doorknoh fur
thro weeks expectinii to R" a family.
Tho only (liing slu i ie wh ox-pr-nono.
Th alverlisin)i Hc,l i full ,,f
"china tlooiknidi proposition" x.
sniploa ol" mriyhanla who "eci good
newspaper to hatch money out nl'
had eta; hiisiuesses, or who put aiTumi
nest rs unilef (he wroiij: "a.lvcrtis.
it'lf hen."
There ai three principles to fol
low in an advert iinj campattn : Kirst
of all. rtnil a huMiioss (hat will stuinl
aHvortisii-a; aernnrlly, find th news
paper that will make tho anverlisinir
pay; thirdly, five th newspaper tlm
to pity.
Von can't, start in to hreeil rlollaini
in less time than it take to hatch
them any mor than you ran pull a
hen off th nt hefor aha haa hr
th ehattc to iuoulmle. In both
yon simply waI what has boon in
vexteil. If you slop fno goon yoti will
Ret A rollen rce i)s(e( of g rhiekrn.
Advertise aniiiclhinjr out. of which
yon may reasonably export returns
And when you lime found what, tn
advertise, lake earn IIihI m pine
your copy in A newf-pnper that, ran
turn I ho trick. IVm't delude yourself
with A china doorknob, and don't, eon
fuse a "rooster newspaper" which
spend its tim cock-A lorumins, fur
A "hen newspaper" that is too husy
hatching out dollins tn strut shout
crowing.
(r'opyrlaiit toe.
ri sxr,s or rkiihu a kiwi.
Letter Wrltlaar II a Ml In Klej reward
VII. end th Klar.
Mr. Ford's Indon loiter to th N
York Trlhnno.
'Th business nf reigning I so orlou.
with Ih eeremonlnl aide conslSntly up
permost. tht It is natural for any
erelgna lo find relief in ocenlonl flhi
of humor.
King Edward, like Queen Victoria !
for him. likes Jokea and brilliant repar.
tee. hut he does not write out pleasant
ries. He avoid letter writing and a)
Iowa lit aeeretarle to conduct corre
spondence In an Impersonal and dignified
way. Queen Victoria, discreet and sen
sible aa ah wa. wrote ton many letter
and was Involved In unnecessary contro.
vaisles. King Kdward la constantly talk
ing over public affairs with statesmen
and diplomat, hut h I too shrewd and
cailtloua lo write letters to them. He
haa more effective methods of hiHiingiua
men and Influencing international action
than correspondence, whether dashed oft
on Ih Impulse of the moment or dic
tated and revised with deliheraflnn. lie
accomplishes hla purposes hy informal
eonferencea and short talks, and hypno
tises his own minister at home ami dis
tinguished European In Msrlonhed or
Pari by communicating lo them hi own
alneerlly and conciliatory spirit. This Is
a more Judicious method than the rnpld
Imprnvlaatlon of roysl opinions In prlvat
letters mor or lea rnllnuultil. which are
likely to he misinterpreted and to excite
hostile criticism.
The tlerman Emperor, being a clever
and vivacious sovereign, also makes us
of hi talents and fascinating frankness
In Influencing men at home and abroad.
When he waa In England h had a high
minded and laudable purpose of Improv
ing International relations. and his
agreeable manners and charm of conver
sation produced a favorable Impression.
H was a peacemaker. Irtto King Edward
himself, and conciliated members of th
ministry as he had previously done when
Mr. Haldati. Mr. Burns and other asso
ciates visited Berlin. He waa doijbtl
trrltatad and disappointed whn Iord
Esher. in a letter which might not havs
been meant for publication, represented
that every one In Germany, from ths
Emperor downward, would rejoice over
the downfall of Sir John Fisher, and In
continuing his informal talk with Ixird
Tweedmouth by letter he revealed hi
annoyance and Impatience. This may
have been an Indiscretion, bnt ther cap
be no criticism of hla general conduct in
making use of personal friendships for
the purpose of creating better feeling be
tween England nd Germany.
A modern sovereign is not a constitu
tional figurehead, preoccupied with cere
monial and etiquette and without moral
responsibility for resources and opportu
nities for supremely useful work. Ha I
a master workman in a progressive
orld. Yet he ought not to write too
many letters, and his humorous propen
sities ought to be kept under restraint.
A NEW SPRING POEM.
Tbe Breath of Sprlac.
Oh! the breath of Spring is a subtile thing,
For it waketh the poet up.
And the festive flea, and the sassafras tei
And the beer and the buttercup.
Oh, the air of Spring of which T sing,
Is scented with blooming ' Pocic,
And it seemeth strange this sudden change
From Winter "Rye and Rock.
Adown the street, all fair and sweet.
There strolls a maiden fat,
,A breath in the air a cry of despair;
And a "Merry Widow" hat.
On the breath of Spring, of which I Sing
I hear an awful toot.
And an auto-smell, like a whiff of hell
And the dust-clouds by me scoot.
Oh! the b-wobbly jog. I have slipped
cog
My thinker is on the blink.
But the breath of Spring, it is on th
wing.
And my ribbon is out of Ink.
TYPEWRITER.
Fresh and Strenuous Mr. Bryan.
Wsshington Star.
As an "attraction," Mr. Bryan at the
end of 12 strenuous years is amazingly
fresh. Somehow the people do not tire
of him, but still swell hie meetings to
record-breaking proportions. Is It any
wonder, then, that he continues to hope,
and that the vision of the White House
attracts him now as strongly as wher
first he saw it?
Jnst tbe Difference.
Th American Printer.
Twixt optimlat and pesBlmiat
The difference Is droll
Tha optimist eea the douirhnut
The pessimist sees the hole.
.'Twixt optlmtat and pessimist
You're wrong upon my soul
The pessimist eat? the douehnut
Tbe optimist eats the hols.
4