THE MOUSING OHF.CJOXIAX, SATtTIlDAT. Al'ItH. 11, lwm.
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atAfcTKatX BlklNtM OHlla.
Tao B, c. awhwlth KprrbM Acnaor !
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B.EPT ON MU.
Chirac. Auditorium Ann.a: ln.torn-
Nrwa to. Jft Uai bora atrial; Kmpira
lana fgtand.
m. Paul. MIH.-K. HI. Maria, Commardal
latum.
t'nUrad Kprliaja. Colo. Hall. II.
Ilnm.-liamlUoa ana Kmilrtrk. W 'J
Pavntalh atrrat I'rail H..O mora. "
Mftvanth atrrol: XI. 1'. lian.sn, 0. lilca,
tsors (Jai
Kimm ( II r. M. nirkaaokar Cigar Co-.
Ninth and WaJnm: lonta Ml Co.
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I liu-lnnall. O. Tnma Nawa Co.
llnrUai, O. Jaruoa I'u.haw. SOT Bu
VJarlnr ktrrat
WaamastoB. I. C Khhu Houaa. rona-
rlvaiua avanu.. C'itunilla va Co.
rtllabura. I-'orl I'llt Jawa l"o.
rhlladalphla, . Hyan a Tnaalar Tlokat
Ofltva; 1'tuii Nawa Co. i Kombla, A. 0
lanrantai avwnua.
Now ork llr Holallnr'a nrwatanda 1
1'ark Raw. Ssin and Hruwlway. and
Broadway aau Ilroawa and Jrth. Tola-
irir-na iSH. Hlnat.. cplra daltvayad; U
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alcr NVwi Stand, bjiiplra Krwa Kland.
(dra. -D. I, Holla; l.oa llioa.. 114
Twanly-nflh Blrrt.
Umaha Harkjlow Urok.. Vnlon Rlallon;
Maaaath Rlatlonary Co.: Kr-nip Arauaon.
lr- m4d Im M..k0 Jaroba
t raono. 4 al. Touilat Nraa Co.
fracramralo, al. a-aoramonto Nawo Co..
4:10 K altaai: Amoa N Co.
Bali Ijako. Mm Bcnik stationary Co ;
Xoarnfald Ilan.-n; a. W. Jaaatt. P. O.
loriii ; rlial'a k lroa.
l.-aa- IVatk. l aj. H. F. A mo.
rtaadroi, 4.'aJ Amoa Nawa Co.
Bon lylra. II. K. Ainoa.
Haa Jtkoo. -Kinotiton W.
Moualoa. Tarn. 1 111 .-mat lonal Nawa Ananrj.
Dallaa, Trt, atouthn rstfrn Nwa ActnL
44 Main atraat; also two atrfat y.'i(4T.lia.
Ft. ortil. Tea. boulhwaatrrn N. and A.
Arnry.
Araarllla. Toi. Tlmmona aV Topa
Boa Irawltro l-'uratar A Otatir: FarrJT
h'ava aland; Hotal Kt. Kran.'la Ni Stand;
1. raranl: N. Wheal lay; r'airniotint Hotel
Ktl Piand; Amoa Nawa Co.; Unltad Naaa
Atrnry. 14 t Krtily atioal; 11. K. Amoa. man-
car Ihraa iom; Worlda N. fi.. u2 A
autlar atraat.
Oakland. Cal. W. M Johnaon. Fourtaanth
and Franklin atraata; N. XNhaatlay; Oakland
Niri bltand: It. K. Amoa. laaoaaar Bv
kuitn: IUnghar, 1-X V
(T.llrlrld. Nr-T. I.oilla Follln.
B.urrka. Cal. 4all-Chronlcla Agancyl K'
raka Nawa Co.
roKTl.ASI. SATl KDAV,- AI KII. II, 10.
MB. T l-"r!4 ritOKl'MTH.
A Umo ra.M- the probability of
Mr. Tuft's nomination for tho rrosi
il n y hy lh Nntlonal ItppuhllcHn Con
vention bri-nmra mora awsuroil. HU
Instruclion lo his followers in lh urv
rral stHios not to intwrfrr with the
Iih: rnl himlHsiii for "fuvorlto sons"
a douhtlo.HS slnrrrrly moaiit; but In
nollo of It tho Tiifl Niutiniont ushp
10 the front. WlNrnnain thinks Mr. 14
KoIIoUh is pretty nenrly iho Ki"'atit
niitn who over lived, and tpillo the
mosi Ihiik'H, mill there Is one Taft
vote In the. rlelefiatlon from Wiscon
sin freely chosen at popular primaries.
New York Is justly prouil of Mr.
Hughes and believes that he lias
solved some governmental problems
whli h hud bullied ull his rivals In pub
He life. Sllll four members of the
New York drleR-atlon will oerlalnly
vote for Tnft iim the first ballot.
.Massachusetts, which has not been
particularly Inclined to favor the Taft
candidacy, seems to have awunK into
line. Tho Itepubllcan stales which
are not blessed with favorite sons frlve
him virtually unanimous support.
Taft has the 22 dolecates from Min
nesota, the 30 from Missouri, the 20
from Kansas, and of the 4S from Ohio
.'IS are pledged to him and all are for
him. The total numher f delegates
Hlready Instructed for Mr. Taft is IMft,
w hich lacks but 2f2 of bolnK a major
ity of the convention. The states yet
lo he heard from will hardly fail to
complete this quota, so that we confi
tlently anticipate that he will be made
the Republican nominee, perhaps by
the first ballot. Should this not be the"
case, the supporters of the "favorilo
sons" will rally lo him after one. vote
has been taken ami his nomination
will probably then be unanimous. Still
It Is possible that some of tin- South
rrn delegates may stand out against
him to the etui. These men will in a
measure represent the sentiment of a
faction of the negroes which, without
much reason. Is hostile to the Secre
tary of War. Hut for all that his
nomination is apparently a foregone
conclusion, as Indeed it has been ever
tnoo his complete victory over the
Koraker forces In Ohio.
Hut nomination is not election, n
is reasonable to otpect that the Re
publican party will be fairly well
united In support of Mr. Taft. and yet
it. will not be unanimous. Kea.somibly
or not. the negroes in large numbers
lire opposed to him. nnd It Is not so
much logic as votes which decide elec
tions. The colored voters Insist that
the Brownsville affair was an Insult to
their race. They insist also that Mr.
Taft was in part responsible for the
Inconsiderate dismissal of the colored
companies. On this account they bear
a (trudge against him which they will
take the opportunity of the election to
gratify. We dare say no argument
will aufnee to change their minds upon
this point, except possibly that of
money, which Is oftentimes so potent
with their race. It Is Incredible, how
ever, that .Mr. Taft wants the Presi
dency badly enough to buy it from tho
negroes even If ho could.
The colored vote holds the balance
of power In several Northern cities,
and perhaps in more than one North
ern State. I'nlted with the labor vote.
It could defeat Mr. Taft and elect his
Democratic opponent and this is a pos
sibility that must be reckoned with.
Iibor Is not very friendly to Mr. Taft.
even If It has no good ground for
hostility. It is not forgotten that as
Judge he supported government by In
junction, although 1t Is not to be ques
tioned that in doing so he followed his
conscience and the letter of the law.
The Injunction Issue has now become
a burning one, however. The work
Ingmen believe that the writ Is a tool
used to put them at a gross disadvan
tage in strikes, und they are disposed
t' vtalt their reaentmenl for lt abuse
tipnn the man who favored It. V'g'y
threats ware made At the recent ren
v.ntlon of farmers and labor societies
In Washington, threats which bode no
good to any candidate who bears the)
sitgnia of ude and corporation law
yer upon him.
Moreover. Mr. Taft has expressed
his latest views upon the injunction
In a manner which will certainly not
satlfy the labor vole. He admits the
right to combine nnd strike. He would
agree to settle the form of Injunc
tions and to grant a hearing befor" 'he
writ should Iseue. Me would even per
mit contempt cases to be heard by a
Judge other than the one offended, but
this Is as fsr as he will jo. and It !
not far enough to satisfy the unions.
They demand a Jim Irlsl when ac
cused of contempt. They sak also for
tha speedy settlement of Injunction
proceedings, so that temporary Injunc
tions wrongfully Issued may not be
used to break .strikes. These are really
more vital to the unions than the de.
mands nhlch Mr. Taft concedes, and
II Is dIMlcult to see hoiv he can expect
to gain th labor vote without grant
ing them.
It may be that Mr. Taft'a best hope
of compensating the losses which he
must expect among the negroes and
worklngmen lies In a huge secession
from tho Oemoeratio party which may
follow the nomination of Mr. Hryan.
Hut this secession Is problematic.
Th chances are that It will not Vie
very extensive, and It may not take
place at nil. If It does not. how can
Mr. Taft be elected?
ilK Tt ITS KKWAKII.
The Humphrey ship subsidy bill
whs killed In the House with neatness
and dispatch on Wednesday, and It Is
the generil belief that It will bo at
least a year before that eminent band
of patriots who are so anxious to do
something for the merchant marine
come forward with A substitute for the
deceased measure. There are many
reasons why all fair-minded people
who would like to see thla country
have a merchant marine will rejoice
over the failure of the Humphrey
measure to become a law. . To begin
with, the subsidy provided for In this
bill was Inadequate lo accomplish
anything of consequence, and lis fail
ure to give relief, had It become a
law, would have been used as an ar
gument for an Increased subsidy at the
next session of Congress.
It dlil not appeal to the House mem
bers as being a measure that could do
the work that" was expected of It, and
they kllled.lt rather than engage In
any experiments which were so costly
at the beginning and offered such op
portunities for Increasing In cost a
year later. Ilut the principal, cause
for congratulations over the failure of
the bill to pass lies In the possibility
that Congress may actually he forced
to provide) the country with a mer
chant marine by the strictly business
like methods followed by other mari
time nations with which an American
merchant marine would be obliged to
compete. The recent cruise of the
naval Meet to the. Pacific Coast has
demonstrated that a merchant marine
flying the American flag Is almost a
necessity. It also disclosed the fact
that when the Government needed
ships for colliers no difficulty what
ever was experienced In securing them
from half a dozen different nations.
The foreign ships were chartered by
the itovernment at very low rates, and
had the Government so desired, they
could have been purchased on propor
tionately advantagpnus terms. If the
death of tha Humphrey bill will carry
with It an understanding that the peo
ple are weary of tho attempts of tho
subsidy grafters and will not counte
nance any merchant marine measure
except one that will give this country
the same rights and privileges In buy
ing ships as are enjoyed by our com
petitors, we will soon witness a move
in the right direction and there will bo
a rapid Increase In deep-sea tonnage
under the American flag. High-class
steamships, like the Pacific Mall liners
plying out of San Francisco for the
Orient, should be given a good mall
subsidy for the work they perform,
but Mr. Harrlmnn should not be
forced to build any more such high-priced-
vessels so long as he could se
cure them at the British yards, where
the German, French and Dutch steam
ship lines secure their fast liners.
Trade does not follow the Hag unless
the flag offers the lowest rate of
freight, the the slaughter of the Hum
phrey bill offers encouragement that
the people may yet force Congress to
give our shipowners the same oppor
tunities for cheap ships that are now
enjoyed by their rivals-. It will be am
ple time for ship subsidy after we
have determined by the use of cheap
ships whether or not It is needed.
irill-gtK THE RKAI. IllMIB
i'. It. J. Snyder, superintendent of
New York public school buildings, has
been on a tour of investigation, as
have similar officers in many cities
since the Kast Collinwood disaster. As
the result of his Inquiry, hennounces
that 429 of the 611 public school
buildings in the great city are not
properly protected against fire.
This report upon Its face Is alarm
ing. He. -qualifies It, however, to some
extent by the supplementary statement
that there is a great conflict of opin
ion aa to w-hat is required to make
buildings "safe." The truth Is that the
trend both of professional and lav
opinion upon this subject is strongly
toward the belief that no building de
signed for continuous use can be
made perfectly fireproof. Jt has not
Infrequently happened that people
have burned to death In buildings thnt
hud been thus otllcially rated. These
facts accentuate tho demand that
buildings for public use be constructed
with an intelligent and conscientious
fidelity to detail that will minimize the
danger both of lgnlon and rapid com
bustion. While only such buildings as have
walls, partitions, floors and stairways
of "fireproof" materials, in the general
acceptance of that term, afford the
greatest protection possible against
fire, the fact that a building has floor
beams, partitions, etc.. of wood does
not necessarily make It unsafe for
school purposes. It Is reasonably safe
if proper care Is used in construction
with a view to protecting wood from
Ignition from chimneys, furnace pipes
and other necessary means of heating.
Inspection has disclosed defects of
this character In some of our own
school buildings that doubtless will be
corrected as soon as possible. In the
meantime weekly fire drills are being
conducted with wonderful efficiency by
the teachers throughout the city, un
der orders of the Board of Education,
minimizing as far as possible the dan
ger to our school population alther
from a real or false alarm of fire In
any one of the building. Honesty In
construction and vigilance In super
vision are two elements In the building
and care of schoolhouses that will go
far toward eliminating the dnnger of
fire that, like the danger from the use
of electricity and ninny other things
that are essential to the comfort, prog
ress ami convenience of mankind, lays
constant tribute upon human vigilance
lest from servant It Vnay become mus
ter. In the lapse of vigilance In con
struction and supervlson lies the real
dantrer In schoolhouses and other pub
lic buildings, and only In a less degree
(since self-interest 1" usually morn
alert than public Interest! In the con
struction of modern dwellings that are
pulsing with electric wires and trav
ersed from basement to attic by gas
and furnace pipes.
III K U I'NION.
To the twentieth century mind 1U
seems of little Importance to the Lord
or anybody else what kind of clothes
a mlnlKter wears w hen hi Is preaching
and praying. The form of words that
he may use In addressing the deity Is
of still less Importance than his
clothes. And whether he calls himself
a priest or a minister or something
else Is of no consequence nt all. But
to Mr. AV. E. Tyrrell, who favors The
Oregonlan with a letter upon these
subjects today, they are evidently of
Infinite moment. He deems the rit
ualists very bad people because their
hesrts are set upon ecclesiastical milli
nery and haberdashery. We do not
agree with him. In our opinion
gowns and rlbhons are entirely inno
cent, and a minister Is much better
occupied with trtem than he would be
In persecuting heretics and stirring up
theological hatred. The v orld, or that
part of It which values peace, may
well pray that our ecclesiastical friends
may everlastingly find their clothes
and rituals of such surpassing Interest
that they will abstain from meddling
with the affairs of life. By diligent
attpntlon to holy attire and sacred
forms of speech they keep themselves
out of mischief.
One cannot sympathize much with
our contributor's dread of union be
tween the Church of Kngland and that
of Rome. Undoubtedly, as he says,
should it ever occur, the Kplscopal
Church would be submerged nnd lost:
but it will never occur. The Angli
can faction which has Its heart set
upon undoing the work of tho Refor
mation and slipping buck Into the Ro
man form of worship Is small, for one
thing: but were It never so large, Its
efforts would be futllo because Romo
will have nothing to do with It. These
ritualists have made humiliating ad
vances to the Pope. They have offered
prayers for readmisslon Into' the
Catholic body which were truly pa
thetic, but the head of the historic
church of Christendom would have
none of them. With all their admira
tion for gowns nnd ceremonies, tho
ritualists hold that their ordination
conies down In the genuine apostolic
succession and that their sacramenlS'
nr legitimate. This opinion Rome
will not tolerate. If they ever regain
admission Into the Catholic fold It will
be after the abjuration of all their
heresies, and then they will bp no
longpr members of the Church of Eng
land. Nor can one agree with Mr. Tyrrell
that the Protestant Kpiavopul com
munion Is the first and only national
church of Kngland. Kngland was
Catholic for a long time before It was
Protestant. From John down through
a number of reigns the church was
truly national, standing not in the
slightest awe of Rome and holding the
Pope and his bishops rigorously under
Parliamentary control. If the his
tory of English legislation shows any
thing, it shows that until the Wars of
the Roses had desolated the nobility
the Catholic Church In England was
strongly national. Henry VIII. in re
volting against the Pope, simply re
stored the condition of affairs which
had previously existed so far as eccle
siastical Independence was concerned.
Hut, aside from all that, It does not
appear that the calamity would bo
unendurable if England should some
time find herself without a national
church. To the modern mind the Idea
that religion Is an affair of government
to be regulated by politicians and sup
ported by taxation savors of the ab
surd. Religion Ik a matter between a
human being and his Ood. The state
has nothing to do with It. Every time
a government meddles with religion It
not only invades the sphere of prlVHte
right, but it commits, sacrilege. W'e
are aware how little the established
church In England concerns Itself with
religion, still it does occasionally pay
some attention to that subject, with
the result that we behold ribald poli
ticians In Parliament trying to fix hy
law tho Intimate relations between
man and his maker.
Established churches in England
and elsewhere are rapidly becoming
an anomaly so absurd that the world
cannot endure them. Very likely the
Anglican church will maintain Its hold
on the public revenues longer than Iho
established communion in Italy, Spain
or Germany, but the day of severance
is not difTicult to foresee. The British
mind, as well as the mind of the world
in general, Is coming to perceive that
no person has the right to compel an
other by law- to help support his sys
tem of theology.
THE BROW N MAN S fintPKX.
The present financial crisis in Japan
occasions no surprise to those who
have watched the artificially stlmu-late-d
development that followed the
signing of the Portsmouth peace
treaty. Failure to secure a heavy war
Indemnity from Russia was a stagger
ing blow to the finances of the coun
try, for the expenses of the war were
enormous, and the money was forth
coming without protest in the belief
that a heavy indemnity would be
available as soon as victory was won.
Even the burden of the war debt might
have been borne withott't much trouble
had Japan settled down to conserva
tive business methods. Instead of reck
lessly rushing into an orgy of specula
tion and exploitation not at all war
ranted by her finances.
With all the abandon of a drunken
sailor, the Nippon empire began spend
ing money for luxuries at a time when
common prudence should have warned
that the closest kind of economy was
necessary. War and the confusion
Into which It plunges a nation offer
great opportunities for money-making
for the few- who are In a position to
take advantage of the nation's needs.
Great steamship companies were
awarded heavy subsidies, and all the
benefit Japan reaped of this enormous
expense was a small measure of glory
out of all proportion to the benefits
th.it could possibly accrue. The poor
people who were taxed 1o support
these big steamship eiiheldles were
also nbllaed to stand the burden of
the Immense expenditure for building
new ships for the navy, for modern
equipment for' the railroads, which
were takeh over by the government,
and for a vast amount of other expen
sive luxuries as Well as licces-iltlcs
which would have strained the re
snunea of greater countries than
Japan.
The result of all this wild Industrial
exploitation Is shown In a national
debt that on January t hail reached
the enormous sum of II. 100. 000. 000,
of which nearly 1800,000.000 Is owed
abroad. In addition lo this, tho com
mercial enterprises of the country are
In such shape that probably there is
also a heavy trado- balance against the
private firms of the empire. The Jap
anese have a reputation for frugality,
and also for patriotism, and If the lat
ter does not becomo too Inflammable,
stringent economy for a long period
may pull the country out of tho finan
cial morass Into which It seems to
have fallen. But pofore Industrlnl
prosperity can be restored It will he
necessary to retrench somewhat on tho
army and navy expenditures, and It
will also he necessary to rut nut tho
ship subsidy and other legalized graft
ing. The Japanese nose has been
bumped because tho Infant endeavored,
to walk before the art of creeping had
been fully mastered.
A Chicago dispatch announces that
200 members of tho Illinois Manufac
turing Association will go on a special
trip to the Orient, where "tho associa
tion will take the initiative In, formally
planting the flag of American Indus
tries In the Orient." It "Is pleasing to
learn of an awakened Interest In Far
Eastern trade, and the Chit-ago Jun
keters will undoubtedly accomplish
something, but the word "Initiative"
Is somewhat carelessly used, for the
flag of American Industries was "plunt
etl" In the Far East more than a gen
eration ago, and Pacific Coast export
ers have built up a trade which In
most lines has kept pace with tho
growth of the purchasing power of the
Orientals, and In a few has outstripped
It. Sllll, if tho Illinois travelers go to
the Orient, they will come by way of
the Pacific Coast, and even this coun
try will have surprises for them that
may equal any they will nnd across
the Pacific. ,
The amount appropriated by Con
gress for the ahipment of standard
dollars to banks for the year 1808 has
been exhausted, hence as explained by
Secretary Cortelyou in a circular re
cently Issued, tho free transportation
of these coins will stop for tho prosent
year. During tho crop-moving period
In recent years, the shipment of stand
ard dollars at Government expense
hua been as high as $1,500,000 a
month. The total cost of this so
called free transportation of sliver, in
cluding that of subsidiary silver coins,
for 1S07 was 91R3.0B1. Tho policy of
assuming the cost of carriage of silver
coin to tho banks was Inaugurated
about 25 years ago, when it was
deemed advisable to stimulate the
general circulation of silver. I'sage Is
stubborn and the practice still pre
vails, though the need that prompted
it has passed.
The plight of the young parents of
Colfax who, in attempting to give their
sick baby a bath, scalded the little one
to death. Is truly distressing. Luck of
Judgment is not a crime, else would
few young parents escape indictment
on some count, great or small, in the
mismanagement of their first baby. It
may bo hoped, however, that few
would bo guilty of an Indiscretion so
grave as that which resulted In tha
death of this Infant who was put In
the bath and the pan containing water
and baby set on the hot stove. The
poor young parents aro distracted over
the matter and are entitled to pity.
They will know better next time.
The efforts of the people of Tilla
mook to Improve their transportation
fuclllties are commendablo and must
In time succeed. A thrifty commu
nity In close proximity to market, yet
shut away from it by a dog-ln-the-manger
transportation policy, has good
and sutficlont reason for resentment.
Nothing ia more exasperating In this
day and age of tho world than to bo
"bottled up," commercially. It Is be
yond probability that this condition
will continue much longer to vex the
commercial interests and retard tho
development of Tillamook County.
If the electric wiring In the Irving
ton school building Is defective, it
should be corrected at once. The elec
trician of the public schools and Dep
uty Fire Marshal Roberts do not agree
upon this point, it seems. Each Is
testy and disposed to be disputatious
about the matter. It will be well to
call upon a third man for an opinion
In the premises one who knows his
business and let his decision govern
the matter. It should not be very dif
ficult to settle this dispute, and it
ought to be settled without further
delay.
George L. Blodgett, who killed his
mistress In this city more than two
years ego, after having deserted a
faithful, hardworking wife and several
little children In Great Falls, Mont., Is
to be retried for his crime. If Justice,
through some technicality, had not
miscarried, the execution of this follow
would have taken place May 23, 190H,
and by this time the community would
have forgotten him and his revolting
crime.
Whether Mr. Barnes, of New York,
has the power to read Mr. Hughes out
of the Republican party is debatable:
but there is no doubt in the public
mind that the Governor will continue
to do reform business at the old stand,
party or no party.
Charles E. Hughes may not be Pres
ident, perhaps not even a nominee.
However, he haa served notice to all
concerned that he Is still the Governor
of New York and will so serve till the
end of his term.
August Belmont rejoices over the
defeat of an antl-gambllng mea-sure
fathered by a Republican Governor.
Bryan should read Mr. Belmont out of
the Democratic party.
By whose authority, we want to
know, has Bock Beer day been pushed
forward two weeks on the calendar?
Like Davy Crockett's coon. Presi
dent Clark, of the Mount Hood Rail
way, haa come down.
non-r roiT rirrm
Bat Tle Hate Msx Aranmeata t
ana-pert 1 alerall- apprnprlalfoa.
PORTLAND. Or.. April to. l To the
KiHtor.) In a recent Issue of Th Ore
gonlan Mr. Cyrus II. Walker, of Al
bany, makes lha rhargo that Iho mnny
editorial of nutalde newspspera upon
the B'iMort of tha reffrrndum of the
T'nlveralty of Oregon appropriation bill
have emanatrd from Oregon altitunl.
Mr Walker rharae la not true and
cannot be aut.stantlated. People want
more proof of "guerilla'' warfare than
Mr. Wslkara aresatle shirt. Accord
ing to Mr. Walker ami Mr. Kugena
Palmer, every argument In support of
the university appropriation bill la
either "Inspired" or "conceived. In In
iquity." Mr. Walker and Mr. palmer have re.
paatcdly aaltl that ttiay are not opposed
to the University of Oregon, but tlist
tl'ey ar fighting thla particular hill.
The Inslneerltv of these atnlementa In
proved by Mr. Walker's recent letter to
a Raker County man. In which he ad
vises that man to send hla son tn
Whitman College. Oh. yes. Mr. Wal
ker Is a true friend of the t'nlverslty
of Oregon! He la setting a fine exam
ple of stnte prltle and loyalty tti our
home institutions. Isn't he?
Mr. Walker would have un believe
that the expenditure for public school
purposes amounts to only la per yesr
for each pupil. An a matter of fnet.
It amounted to .1 per year for each
pupil (Including lilgli school pupils)
for the year ending June 17, 1907.
Thin reault la obtained by dividing tho
totnl public school expenditure ($2.
31.2r.57 ) by the total numher of
children In attendance. l. e., I02.SS2I.
Should the university bill he defeated
and the amount of the Increase, applied
to the public school funds, there would
be an expenditure of about 40 centa
additional per year for each child.
I quite agree with Mr. Walker In his
contention for a better system of high
schools and common schools, but I fall
to see how the defeat of the university
appropriation bill wilt aid these insti
tutions. As a matter of fact, the Uni
versity of Oregon la the only Institu
tion of higher learning In the state thnt
hail exorted any Influence whatsoever
toward the upbuilding of the high
school system.
C. N. M' ARTHUR.
PRObRKSS 13 HAS FRAM'MC'O.
RnlldlaaT Artlvlty Ha liraa oat With
I nnlmlnlshrd laror.
March Bullatln of California Promotion
Buraau.
Many thousand acres of new vtne
yanls and orchards will come Into
bearing In California during the com
ing season, nnd Indications point to
good crops in all linen. Increased
activity Is marked In all California In
dustries. (
Th demand for labor is marked in
vltlculturai pursuits, and- all compe
tent men can obtain steady employ
ment. Reports received by the Cali
fornia promotion committee from the
vineyard districts show that the short
age In labor there Is ao great that em
ployment will be found for all who
apply.
There Is great demand for women
and girls In the canneries and drying
establishment. These will be needed
with the opening of the fruit season,
and they will have constant employ
ment for throe months.
In San Francisco, building activity
has gone on with undiminished vigor.
Sanitation work has been carried on
most successfully, and the city Is now
declared to be one of the most health
ful and cleanest In tho United State.
Preparations for the reception of- the
battleship fleet are progressing, and
arrangements are being made for the
accommodation of an Immense crowd
of visitors at that lime.
The following summary shows Cali
fornia conditions from February 29 to
March 2fi. Inclusive:
Pun Francisco bullittri permits. .$ 2,07ft. 100.00
Han KrnjH-.lnt-n bulltllrig irniltaf
alnee the Ore 9H.HS.4M O0
Ia Angela building parmito... P4t;.07fl.oO
dHklan'l hulMlna; parmltx 4ta,5l4.tx
tinn Franf-laco real estate sales,
00; value 2.2S0.0(Ai0
Fan Frnnelsco bank clearings.. 12-1.811, lift. 29
l?nn Fram-tftt-o lmnk clrarlnsa.
Mareh. Iwi7 1SB.004.0ia.Tf
8nn Frunela.-i bank clearing.
March lima 177.BD! 2nS 70
Loa Angolas bank claarlngs .1x.:s4:i.n4 on
OskUnd lmnk clearing S.K21.7n8.M
Faoramento r.-mk clearing .t.lMJ.WJ.On
Han Jose bank clearing's 1 ,077,7.'i5.ta
Plocltten bank rlenrlnga 1.7"J4.0oa M
Pan Francisco custonwt receipts ett4.HAa.60
K I CO I ' R A . I IV fi A N A RC H V.
Responsibility of Sensational Press for
Korr Mad Hatred.
Baltimore Sun.
We believe no Injustice or exaggera
tion Is Involved in the suggestion that If
anarchy and "militant socialism" succeed
In gaining a foothold on American soil
their success will be due largely to the
aid which they receive from a certain
class of Journals In this country. Meet
ings of the "unemployed" are not of
uncommon occurrence In London. Tho
English are certainly as law-abitling as
the New Vorkers, and detest rioting and
turbulence as Intensely as the most con
servative New Yorkers. The London po
lice force is as vigilant, as quick to sup
press disorder, as the New York police
men. Yet demonstrations in tho Indon
parks of the unemployed or of any of
the discontented classes meet with little
Interference. "Orators" speak their
minds freely without molestation. The
police attend, but only to prevent vio
lence. The English theory Is that It is
better to allow an open demonstration
of dissatisfaction with the existing order
than, by severe repressive measures, to
intensify grievances nnd to encourage
secret meetings of the discontented. Ion
don newspapers exercise commendable
discretion In reporting such demonstra
tions. They do not publish the lames of
prominent Englishmen who have suc
ceeded In polities or in business nnd the
professions.- and intimate that their
methods extenuate. If they do not Jus
tify the murderous activities of anarch
ists. English Journalism max be dull,
according to our notions, hut it cer
tainly cannot be accused of any lack of
regard for the welfare of the English
people.
Sidestepping Roth.
Chicago Tribune..
"Senator," said his private secretary,
"here's a letter from the editor of the
Skedunk Bugle, who wants to know how
you stand on the question of repealing the
infamous tariff on wood pulp."
"Tell him." said Senator Ptrlmmcr.
"that "
"But here's one from a paper manufac
turer who writes to ask you If you are
going to allow the senseless clamor of
irresponsible newspaper men to Influence
you against the great principle of pro
tection to home industries and cause you
to vote for the repeal of that most right
eous nnd necessary tariff on wood pulp."
"H'm!" mused the eminent statesman.
"William, send the editor's letter to the
paper manufacturer and the paper man
ufacturer's letter to the editor, and ex
plain to each, in strict confidence, that a
public man who is trying to serve his
country has to stand this sort of rot
from ignorant or prejudiced constituents
who seek to dissuade him from the faith
ful performance of his sworn 'duty."
Need for a New Candidate.
Charleston 8. C.) News and Courier.
Is there, encouragement to bet on a
horse that shows decreasing speed in suc
cessive races? Nobody who wishes the
Democracy to win urges the nomination
of Parker. H a losr. But Bryan Is
not only a loser twice, but a loser and a
greater loser as he grows older. What
the Democratic party needs is a fresb
horse.
A I.I' MM
LITTI.B T4.I.K 0 (HtsfH t'AITY
Tata Prnlrataal r.alseoaaMa) Okeeta
PoitTI.A Vr. nr., April 14 -(To th
Kdltor.) A very Important controv
ersy on th subject of "Church I'nlon"
Is now going on In the Protestant
Kplsropat Chureh, not only her, but
also In Rutland and other part of tha
world, and In these dy of "unionism,"
"church union" has a very attractive
sound to those who tin not atop to con
sider exactly what It nisan. The
union proposed Is between the Protes
tant Rplaeopal and the Itomsn CathoMo
Churches, and the very first proviso
for tho acceptance as ro-prtnr of th
furmor by the Utter Is that she shall
bn subservient to the Romish Church
nd hand herself over, horse, foot and
artillery to the pope.
Who and what are the men who are
principally engaged In forwarding this
movement? They are men who are
drawing their aalarle from the Pro
testant Kplscopal Church and tyle
themselves Ritualist, and they ara
doing what in any other line of kual
nesa would ha, termed "obtaining
money under fn!e pretrnwe. "in a
letter to tho I.nndnn Time a few week
ago the lean of Canterbury. I r. Wac.
ays that aa y statement made by the
Ritualists to the effect that ther I
anything either religion or rthollc
In their vestments I absurd: and that
their use Is simply "a return to the
superstitions of the mediaeval age "
Furthermore, ha aay "that the change
of vestment at the communion U
neither more nor len than the Homlsh
mass." which the list article of be
lief In the prayerbook declare to be
"a blasphemous fable and a danger
ous deceit." It I more than prohahla
that Mr. Wsce know what h Is talk
ing about, and when he aay. aa he
doe, that laymen of tha church honld
stedfastly oppoc all uch Innovations,
he Is merely doing what, aa a member
of the church militant. I .l bounden
dt.ty and every lay mer.tber of the
Protestant Kplscopal Church should
see to It that the true meaning of tha
proposed "church union" la distinctly
understood so far hut tongue and
pen ran make It o. lnce the Ritual
ist are very careful never to explain
themselvea vory fully on thnt point.
For tho Protestant Kplscopal Church
to unite with the Church of Rome Is
simply to extinguish herself, since her
Inferiority In number would preclude
the possibility of her ever holding her
own with her giant partner: and that
Is Just aa the Ritualists would have It.
How any man worthy of th name can
have ao little pride In hla church aa to
contemplate, even for a moment, plac
ing her In aueh an anomalous position,
I one of the unsolved mytrrl. and
there are men, both clergy snd lay
men, in the Protestant Kplscopal
Church who would do It- without the
quiver of a muscle or a twinge of con
science; and there aro church period
ical that would lend them a helping
hand In the nefarlou transaction.
Let all those who do not desire to
see the Protestant Episcopal Church
trodden down under the heels of the
haughty prelate of Rome stand out
and light this monstrous proposition
of "church union" to the last en
trenchments, as there is nothing In It
for them or their church but slavery
and disgrace. Some of these Ritual
ists have the audacity to tell people
who know no better that the vest
ments aro copied from those of the
Jewleh High Priest and must there
fore be orthodox. All tommv-rot. Do
such men read their Bibles under
stantlingly? 1 trow not. since the
Bible tells us that when the Great
High Priest was In his death throes
"the veil of the temple was rent in
twain." What did that slgnlfv? It
was Intended to teach us that whereas
up to that time s portion of the
temple was partitioned off. Into which
none but the High Prieat dared to en
ter under pain of death, henceforth,
the Great High Priest having left tha
earth the Priests and their vestments
were none away with and the temple
turned into a church In which all were
equally priests. The haughty exclu
siveness and gaudy trappings of the
iIM"". mom perieciiy correct, ss was
the eye for an eye doctrine. In their
nay ano generation) were susnerserleit
by tho humility and simple attire of
tun disciples. And so it remained until
the smnll company of Christians was
absorbed Into the Paganism of Rome,
and being too few in numbers to re
sist, adopted, perforce, many of the.
pagan rites and superstitions. That
most unhappy state of affairs lasted
until the reformation, when the pagan
elements were knocked out and th
Protestant Episcopal Church, the first
and only national church of Kngland,
was established. Now the Ritualists
are endeavoring to bring those super
stitions and rites back again nnd place
the church In her former unenviable
position of numerical inferiority snd
consequent subserviency to fhe Roman
Hierarchy. w. E. TYRRELL
UiS BOARDS AN Vfif.Y MHAK
M. I.oiiU, Mo., Crt Merchant., In at ad,
to Oepond I pon Print rr' Ink.
Trslift Weekly.
Tho City of St. I-otits has a Civic I-axun
tlittt dooft tliinKs. It haa aurrredprl In
tintf thfi loading morrhanta of that city to
aarrop tn tnp advortMnn on billboards
whim their contrarte expire. Tlifa agree
ment was rpc ured by mho wing th mer
chants that billhoardfl were, upotlinf? tha
heauty of tUf city and by nrovlna; that
aueh advertising did not pay ber-atma cltl-
zona were opposed to the. boards and to
tho advertlHlna: display thereon. If there
in one city in tho I'nitPd State that need
a aermon on billboard It in New York.
Whether one rides in hft stir fare or the
elevated or the niibwny ear he must sec
unsightly boards. There in no reasoa
why the present state 'f affairs nhould
rotitfnue. One ounce of nhlle sentiment
is worth a pound of leRislat ion strange
as it may seem. The advertiser who
cares more about money than he does
about the appearance of a city Is a good
one to let alone.
KeKToeaj, North and ffonth.
Nashville American.
It i amusing to see the efforts of the
Taft Republicans to pacify the negroes tn
the Northern Stales whpre their votes
may amount to something. No attention
is paid to the Southern negro. The white
Kederal officeholders are expected to look
after the delegates regardless of the
negro, and at the polls the Southern
negro's vote does not count.
Mother Altmntw,
Upplnrotr M&xazin.
I tell you wtt?n It cornea to dates.
My mnther Just the boss!
She tells me all t want to know
"Thout ever gettln' crosa.
You'd think she'd get mixed u"p aometimea;
At school, I know I do -BoUt
N'ehington and Plymouth Rork,
And 14H2.
But mother says: 'The war with Spain
Was fought In "tW
The ymmr you all had enlcktrapox.
Except In" Slater Kate.
"Tho Boer War Jn Afrtra
That was a dreadful thing
Began in 'W, I know.
For Jack waa born that Spring
"In 'OS the Spanish ships
Were aunk in Cuba channels,
'Twas Summer, for you children had
Just changed your Winter flannels,
"In 1to4, my dear.
The Rus I ana fought tha Jape.
That year wu very cold, and you
Had chilblains and the chape."
There's six of us, and we're mixed up
With hist'ry Just that way.
gometlmes It's measles, croup or mump.
But there's no date that ever stumps
My mother, night or day.
TIICH0USqi0LDS7
PT MM H TfNiJt,
THK bakers, are slriady displaying
reminder thst ltoi rrilay rnmt
next week, and thst ppl" who dentr a
sufnVtent supply of hot rr.s buns should
pU.n thefr orders early. And the w s
wman will oVt an, or will isy tn ths
necessary provision of yesst and other tn
g red tents, and fry her hand a! enrv ortins
the aplcy, pulpv buns for hrr if enrt
family. Some time axo the T.oridn NukTn
threatened that there shmiVi n no nmr
buna on Good FVIday. contending ihst the
profit of the manufscture f not sufn. ienT
to eounterhalanee the labor it tn oi -.
But. aa fsr as I know, there hss oen a
yet no apparent fslllng off In fhe supp y
I believe, nowrver, that the old stU
hot cross bun seller of private enterprise
ts almost extinct. They used to sslly out
In the earliest dawning, old and young,
decrepit or Mrong. with thin piping riles
or voice Ilk tha bulls of Pashan that
you read about In tha psalma appointed
for the dsy.
It wss no use trying to sJerp on fioV
Friday morning. Home venders bnd retl
some simply shouted "buns! hunsT' other
chanted:
lint er-'."s bun, hit frif hun.
iTf s p'tmv. two a prnny.
Hoi rrojm buns ,
A few added extra lines thst always
seemed the- height of Injustice to me. the
one daughter of our family.
Buy one for our dsuxhltra
And two for your mon .
One a penny, two a penny.
Hot cros buns.
1 nevr could see why sons should b
entltleu to two. while danprhlera had only
one; and the r.isle members of the famllv
used tha versa freely an an argument In
favor of the subjection of woman. AH I
could do won to Insist tli?l the "one'
meant the "one a penny" kind, and must
be a special and highly superior variety
for feminine use.
Not every one who rnjoys a well
buttered hot bun reslis.es hal a mass of
history and tradll Ion it represents.
The Kgyptlana had sacred cakes which
were eaten before the 'altar when oxn
were sacrificed, and for this or some
other resson were marked with horns.
These horns wero also the symbols of
Astarte. When Jeremiah rebukes tho
women of Judah for their Idolatrous
worship of "the queen of heaven" they
reply, "Did we mske cakes to worship
her, and pour out drink offering unto
her?" Our buna can trace their nnetry
back to those cakes which bore the mark
of Astarte.
More than ltVfln years B. C Cecrops, one
of the eaely frreek Kings, 1 recorded' as
having sacrificed sacred cross-msrksd
cakes, made with line wheat and hofiey.
In Mexico, Peru and in China, as well si
among the Greek and Unmans, are found
traces of tho sacred cross-marked cake.
The name bun Is supposed by some to
be derived from the word "nous" or
"boun," which stood for "ox." Professor
Skeat, however, suggests a Scandinavian
origin of the word bun.
Certainly the Saxon ate similar cakes,
at their Spring festival. In honor of
Roster, the goddess of light, from whose
name we got our word Easter.
The Christian Church absorbed and
gave Its own meaning to this as to 0M1T
pagan customs. Probably the first Chrint-
tan cross buna were the "blessed cakes"
made from the same dough from whlrh
the host was taken. These were given,
after mass on Easter Kunday, to com
municants who had a long Journey homn
before they could break their fast. This
custom Is still followed, in aome Roman
Catholic countries.
The bakers Imitated the "blessed bread
for their own profit. This practice of th
bakers was interdicted in 1253; but the
bun trade seems to have gone on and
flourished In spite of the Interdict.
Probably the palmiest days of the hun.
as we know It, came In the reign of
George HI, when crowd thronged all day
long to the two famoua Chelsea, bun
houses. Kach of these two shoo claimed
to be the "Royal Bunhouse." One,
however, had a largo placard stating that
It was the original bunhouae and had
been a bunhouse ever since It wa ;i
house; and, moreover. 'th King had
stopped there"; all of which no doubt
proved the marked superiority of its
buns.
e
On account of their ancient sacred
origin many superstition have been con
nected with hot cross buns, in many
places one bun is always saved until next
tSood Friday, to bring good luck.
In Dorset a Good Friday bun is nftrn
hung over the chimney to prevent brc.ii
from going sour or stringy.
In other localit ic they are dried an 'I
powdered and uicd as a medicine. Three
Good Friday buns, buried in a heap of
wheat, will keep away rats and mold. It
is said; or If hung In the house they are
& splendid protection against fire. In a
certain old Iondon tavern k,nown as the.
"Widow's Son," a curious custom is kept
up which h4 a pathetic origin snmn
70 years ago.
A widow then kept the house, and her
son. a sailor, wa expected home on
Good Friday. He never returned ; but
each Good Friday his mother carefully
baked and kept a large hot cross bun for
him. Succeeding tenants have kept up
the custom, ami now 70 bun hang In
withered clusters from the ceiling of the
tavern bar.
Mby Not ome Americas. Dukesf
Charleston News and Courier.
Tf the American people really desire a
titled aristocracy, why do they not estab
lish one? If the populace enjoys the
sight of a visiting duchess and nuM
throng bout her automobile In the street,
why does not Congress provide duche5.K
for their delectation? A home-made title,
would be just as good as an imported one
after a generation. Meanwhile, the de
sire in the hearts of American girls for
titled husband is planted by the com
mon people. The alavush obeisance of the
average American citizen to the American
duchess turns the head of the American
heiress. '
Tho Ist Act.
New York Sun.
Th last acf drawing to its dose:
The hero's f!xd his broken nose;
Tn center stands the lady fair;
The villain (left tugs at his hafr:
Over his wo I start to gloat
My friend tn front put on his coat:
"Come. dear, or we ahall miss that train.
The closing scene la lost again.
you'd think folk didn't like the show.
They mke such headlong haste to go;
But. good or bad, for aught I see.
Farce, melodrama, traxedy.
Or comedy, or opera grand.
You wait the outrome people stand:
A dozen, fifty, acore on srore.
Flock gee eel ike, sheeplike, toward the door.
Uow does a play end, anyhow?