THE MOK.M5U untWJJIAS, SATURDAY, MARCH 28, 1908.
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PORTLAND, HATIRDAY, MAKCH iS. 1908.
TAFT AND ROOSEVELT.
If Mr. Taft is elected President,
there can be no doubt whatever that
he will continue Mr. Roosevelt's poli
ries without much alteration. He
does not believe in Government own
ership of railroads, and therefore he
will try to regulate them. He does
not believe that the country should be
plundered by the trusts or that the
.Nation should compete with them in
production and distribution; therefore
he will advocate laws to curb the
power of the trusts, enable the public
to share their economic benefits, and
eliminate their evils. He stands also
for the preservation of the National
forests, the improvement of inland
waterways, the abolishment of child
labor, employers' liability, tariff re
vision in short, for that large body
uf wholesome legislation of which Mr.
Roosevelt has in some cases procured
the enactment, but which in other
tases is still before Congress and the
country.
To some newspaper writers it seems
passing strange that two public men
should agree so closely as Air. Taft
and Mr. Roosevelt do upon National
questions. In their judgment the phe
nomenon is so perplexing that it must
be investigated and explained. The
more recondite the explanation they
. discover, the better it seems to suit
most of them, though to some an ad
mirably simple solution of the prob
lem presents itself. Mr. Taft has no
ideas of his own, they gravely suggest,
and therefore his empty brain filled up
with the first set that happened to
drift in his direction. By mere acci
dent it was Mr. Roosevelt's ideas
which took possession of the vacancy,
though any others would have suited
him just as well. 'But the supposition,
that Mr. Taft Is a mere automatic
cho is hardly tenable. Those who
know anything about his career and
achievements know that he is a man
of active intelligence, keen perception
and determined will. Tho history of
the Philippines proves that he can lay
out a line of independent action and
follow it resolutely. Tho hypothesis
that Mr. Taft lacks the ability to form
a policy of his own must be aban
doned. Why, then, does he follow Mr.
Roosevelt's?
Because, it is answered, he 'desires
- Mr. Roosevelt's support. Of course It
Is possible to believe that Mr. Taft
agrees with the President in order to
buy the favor of the Administration
by base compliance; but It is also pos
sible to believe that Mr. Roosevelt
gave his support originally because he
felt assured that the agreement al
ready existed. The difference between
these two propositions is worth some
reflection. The first one makes Mr:
Taft out to be a, sycophant who was
willing to sell his Intellectual integrity
for political promotion. The other
gives him the credit of having formed
his opinions honestly. The former
implies that Mr. Roosevelt was foolish
enough to intrust the future fate of
his lifework to. a man without princi
ple; the latter indicates that he found
in Mr. Taft a man of integrity who
had Independently taken up views
similar to his own, and that for this
reason he welcomes the War Secre
tary as his successor.
The situation admits of either view.
Which one a given individual will
adopt depends somewhat upon his
own character. To the pure all things
are pure. To the base everything is
base. A man who would sell himself
Is quite likely to believe that Mr. Taft
has traded his intellectual veracity for
the President's favor. One who is
conscious of unbending integrity in his
own soul will believe that Mr. Roose
velt's support has been freely given
because it was well deserved. We do
not advocate overconfidence in pubic
men. We axe rather inclined to agree
with Thomas Jefferson that the safest
feeling of the people toward their
servants Is vigilant suspicion. Still,
when two interpretations of conduct
are equally probable, of which one im
putes vile and the other noble motives,
we prefer the latter. It happens in
this case, however, that the base in
terpretation is far less probable than
the other.
Neither Taft nor Roosevelt has ever
exhibited any of the earmarks of the
truckling political trader. The Presi
dent has sometimes shown a disap
pointing readiness to compromise,
though usually the results of his com
promises have been such as to con-
I found his critics; but in air Mr. Taft's
career it would be difficult to point
out a single instance where he has not
exercised complete independence of
thought and welcomed the responsibil
ity of vigorous action. Honest men
must concede that the Secretary of
War agrees with the- President's poli
cies not because he may gain some
thing by it, but because he believes
they are right. In this case It is pos
sible that -adherence to the side of
manifest virtue will bring, a certain
earthly reward; but shall we com
plain of that? Ought 'we not rather
to rejoice that for once 1n a way right
eousness and political prosperity can
march hand in hand?
NO ANALOGY WHATEVER.
Arguing for Statement No. 1, the
Bllvertonian Appeal says: "There is an
analogous condition to ours in the
election of President and Vice-President
of the United States by the elec
toral system .as now practiced. The
people in each state elect the Presi
dent and Vice-President by a 'plurality
vote, the electors merely obeying the
will of the people."
This is very erroneous. The people
in each state choose a given number
of electors, who vote for their party's
choice for President and Vice-President.
Suppose Oregon shall choose
Republican electors. Suppose further
that Mr. Bryan shall get the popular
majority throughout the United States.
Will the Oregon electors be expected
to vote for him?. Reverse the propo
sition. Suppose Oregon shall give the
Bryan electors a ..majority. Suppose
further that Taft shall obtain a popu
lar majority of the whole vote of the
country. Will the Bryan electors of
Oregon be expected to vote for Taft?
It would seem to be hardly worth
while to trouble any reader with an
argument here.
MESSENGER'S SllCLDK.
It is one of the best-accepted max
ims of jurisprudence that for every
important action a sane man will have
an adequate mdtive. If he acts'with
out a motive he is not sane. In fact,
one of the most convincing proofs of
an unbalanced mind is conduct which
presents no discernible sequence of
cause and effect. If these considera
tions are valid, William Messenger,
who committed suicide at Grants
Pass last Wednesday, must have been
insane.
The report is that Messenger drove
his team over his wife's flower beds,
for which she scolded him. What
w:ife would not have done the same?
A husband who drives horses over the
flower beds deserves to be scolded. If
he had been a normal man he would
have confessed his guilt, promised
reformation and eaten his supper In
humiliation and penitence. But Mes
senger acted far otherwise. He sat by
the fire a while after mutilating the
flower beds, doubtless contriving in his
mind the worst possible revenge to
take, asking himself what he could do
to cause his wife the most poignant
and lasting grief. Naturally he chose
suicide.
Now the question occurs, had Mes
senger an adequate motive for com
mitting suicide, and, if not, was he in
sane? The answer is not so difficult
as it may appear at first sight. A
motive which seems adequate to one
person may look trivial to another.
What appears to fill the whole uni
verse and blot out the sun and stays
in one mood may be nothing but a
speck In another. To a weary man an
offense may appear very serious Which
in his normal state he would overlook.
Messenger's suicide occurred at the
end of his day's work, when he was
tired.
It is a well-known truth of psychol
ogy that a weary man is in a certain
sense degenerate for the time being.
Physically he is. of course, below his
best standard, but the same is true
also of his mental and moral nature.
Weariness acts like,. old age to disinte
grate our humanity and it attacks first
of all our higher attributes, such as
patience, forbearance, self-control: A
tired man is therefore after a manner
insane, though his sanity returns again
when he is rested. There is a sugges
tion here for social reformers. The
overworked, underfed human beings
with whom they often have to deal are
not as a rule truly sane, since they
are seldom thoroughly rested. As for
Messenger, it is altogether likely that
If his little controversy with his wife
had occurred In the morning, before
he was worn out with a hard day's
work, he would have forgotten It by
noon. But, inasmuch as it happened
when he was ilred, it led to his death.
GREATEST TRUST ON EARTH.
Bewildering in their Immensity are
the figures shown In the annual report
of the steel trust, submitted by the
directors last week. No other indus
trial enterprise has ever approached
in volume the enormous business han
dled by that Colossus of trusts in 1907.
Sales for the year were $757,014,767,
and the net profits were $160,964,673.
If no other argument favoring revis
ion of the tariff were available, these
figures alone would seem to offer am
ple reason for immediate action. The
steel trust -has been in. operation but
seven years, and in that comparatively
short period has paid in dividends and
for improvements to plants and addi
tion of new plants purchased from
the net earnings more than $665,000,
000. At the close of 1907, after payment
of the regular dividends, the balance
sheet showed an undivided surplus of
$122,645,243. In addition to this
there was a total of $83,975,347 stand
ing to the credit of the sinking and
reserve funds, and $31,503,976 in the
bond sinking funds. These reserves,
which have all been accumulated since
the organization of the company, ac
cordingly represent about $238,000,000
undivided profits, in addition to the
enormous dividends paid during the
short seven years. As only about one
fourth of the output of the trust works
was sold abroad last year, it will be
seen that the great American people
were mulcted for the remainder over
and above what would have been a
fair profit on the investment freed
from the weight of water it has been
carrying since Its organisation.
The steel trust directors, in spite of
the financial flurry which hampered
their operations in the closing days of
1907, were well satisfied with the
year's business. But this review of
the enormous profits which they had
wrung from the American consumers
failed to result in any price reductions,
and, after an alh-day conference over
the matter, the directors' meeting de
cided that prices should be maintained
for another year. The assurance of
President Roosevelt--who also during
the year sanctioned the absorption of
the Tennessee Coal & Iron Company,
the last remaining vestige of competi
tion in the trade that the tariff
should not be revised prior to a Presi
dential election, and the pronounced
sentiment of Speaker Cannon against
any immediate revision', seem to have
quieted any alarm that might have
been felt over the clamor for lower
prices, and the "standpat" policy
which is so much affected by politi
cians of the protected stripe has been
adopted by the steel trust.
Cheaper and more abundant raw
materials for the steel industry are
found in the United States than any
where else, and. the facilities for mass
ing them at .the mills and distributing
the manufactured product are un
equaled in .any other country. These
advantages and the natural ability of
the ' American as a salesman and
rustler fully equalize the conditions
created by the slightly higher wages
that are paid American (Workmen in
the steel mills. Our mills are accord
ingly on practically even terms with
their foreign competitors to meet the
markets at home or abroad, and yet
the trust and its friends among the
high protectionists demand that the
great profits already possible through
the advantages mentioned be still fur
ther swollen by barring out foreign
steel products with a duty of from 14
per ton on pig iron and $10 per ton on
structural steel. The American con
sumer derives no benefits from this
duty, but he pays it in full, and more,
In the shape of increased profits to the
greatest trust on earth.
MEN FOR FARM WORK.
The great reason why there are so
many unemployed men in the country
is simply this: These men will not do
farm work. Of course we are not
speaking of men who have learned
mechanical trades, for they cannot be
expected to work, except possibly a
few of them at short intervals and at
special jobs, for wages which the
farmers can pay. But there is an
enormous mass of unskilled labor,
which indeed is not very "handy" for
farm work, yet which, under direc
tion, would become useful; but it will
not engage in farm work, or few will;
and even these will seldom take hold
with interest or earnestness in the
work, when they do engage. They
have been,' spoiled for usefulness on
the farm by wage and other conditions
about the cities and railroad camps.
The farmers cannot afford to pay
them the wages in money which they
have been receiving in such situations,
nor to concede the short hours and
other arbitrary conditions which "the
hired man" will require. Yet the life
would be comparatively easy, and in
the long run more profitable, than the
vagabond search from city to city, and
from one railroad or logging camp
to another, or beating one's way over
the railroads from state to state, on
the hunt for a "job."
It is idle to preach, or to deliver
apothegms, about such a matter. Men
will not do it, and that's all there is
about it. Question arises, then, what
is the duty of the public towards
them? What is the duty of society
and government? It is not possible
for society and government to main
tain these men "in the style to which
they have been accustomed." Gov
ernment has no profitable employment
for them, and can't create any. These
workers when they have had work
have been receiving from $1.75 to
$2.50 a day, out of which It was easy
to save $1. But few have done it.
Most have saved nothing. When the
work that hires these masses of labor
is shut down which periodically hap
pens hundreds and thousands go
adrift. They have been used to work
ing in groups, in camps, in squads and
companies here and there, for years;
receiving their pay weekly or monthly,
and when a little money had been ac
cumulated, making oft and spending
it, and then looking out for another
job. Life on the farm lacks variety,
is solitary in comparison with what
they have been accustomed to, the
wages do not come with the prompt
ness and regularity they desire, and
the employer doesn't want them , to
quit for a week or two and "go off
to have a good time" and then return,
for it disarranges all his plans. So
the supply of labor for the farms is at
all times miserably short though
there are thousands of idle men
about the towns and cities more or
less in want and destitution.
These conditions will not change till
the customs of the country shall again
undergo radical change; and the cus
toms will not change till industrial
conditions shall have changed, too.
The time is ooming again when men
can be had for farm work; but not
till the demand for common labor on
railroad construction shall be called
off by completion of necessary lines,
till depletion of the. forests lessens the
demand for men in the woods and
about the sawmills; till, in a word, the
demand for unskilled labor shall have
been checked or reduced, as a conse
quence of using up the natural re
sources of the country.'- The farms,
after a while, will get a great many
more workers, and will hold them, too,
because they will not be able to get
other, work. But during the era of
railroad development, in any country,
farm labor is shunned by wagework
ers. The activity of our commerce with
Cuba, and incidentally - the demand
of the National "sweet tooth," was
witnessed one day last week when
thirteen vessels were discharging sugar
at a New Tork dockt the product be
ing mostly from that island. Alto
gether 113,000 bags, or 36,160,000
pounds, of sugar were afloat in the
harbor before the work of discharging
cargo began. A force of sixty-two
samplers. working in eight-hour
shifts, was employed, local refineries
were worked to their full capacity and
large quantities were placed in stor
age warehouses to await their turn at
the refining process. Altogether the
scene was suggestive of the enormous
increase in sugar consumption, since
the days wherein our great-grandmother
sat at table with the sugar
bowls In their laps to ward off the
petty peculations of childish fingers,
and the striped stick of candy was one
or the Fourth of July indulgences to
which the children looked forward for
weeks before that great day of Na
tional rejoicing and feasting.
"Stubbs and sunshine." These two
reached Portland simultaneously a
few days ago, and the traffic chief of
more miles of railroad and steamship
transportation than ever came under
the jurisdiction of any other man on
earth was happy. The good impres
sion made by our typical Portland
weather evidently lingered with him
after he departed, and, being of a
generous disposition, he. desired that
the many thousands coming west over
the Harriman lines should also enjoy
it. As a result he has announced his
Intention of immediately reopening
the Portland gateway, on which the
Interstate Commerce Commission and
Mr." Hill 'had put a padlock. An
other victory for Oregon sunshine and
Stubbs, and may they continue to
work in harmony without a passing
cloud to mar the pleasure we all feel
with the combination.
Madame Curie, widow of M. Curie,
who. Jointly with his wife, discovered
radium, is the subject of an article in
Harper's Bazaar for the current
month. The author says: "In Paris
they call radium 'le metal- conjugal,
because it was the joint discovery of
husband and wife. It was Madame
Curie who first noticed the strange
properties of uranium and drew her
husband's attention to the researches
she had been carrying on alone for
many months." A helpmeet truly, es
pecially as this wife was also a mother,
a home-maker in the higher sense,
and a companionable companion to
her studious husband.
It is indeed time for the police to
get busy with reckless bicycle riders
who use the sidewalks to the danger
of pedestrians, and especially to el
derly people and children. Scorchers
are not as numerous on the streets as
they were when the bicycle craze was
at its height, and the police have
grown careless in regard to the abuse
of privilege which they represent.
When, however, a citizen or a child is
knocked down and- injured every day
in the week, it is evident that the
scorcher is abroad in the city and
should be summarily dealt with.
Admiral Evans says that the armor
on our battleships is in a position
where it is most effective, and that
sea conditions alone are to be consid
ered in the argument whether It is too
high or too lo,w. Of course Mr. Reu
terdahl and his fellow-critics will not
be expected to pay much attention to
this view, for Admiral Evans knows
nothing about battleships beyond the.
work of fighting them, and possibly
navigating them. It is doubtful if he
ever has to his credit, or discredit, a
single engagement with a yellow jour
nal. Whether Stanford students shall be
permitted to get drunk on the college
campus is a matter of considerable
importance, but of small consequence
compared with the question . whether
they shall recognize constituted' au
thority. The man who refuses to rec
ognize authority soon drifts into that
state of mind which breeds anarchy.
If the young men of Stanford do not
like the rules of Stanford, let them
quietly bundle up their books and go
home.
Ray Stannard Baker, one of the
"yeller fellers" of the "Lickum Stuf
fing' type, printed some libelous state
ments against the president of the
Union Refrigerator Transit Company
in McClure's Magazine and a Jury in
the United States Circuit Court in New
York yesterday awarded the Injured
man $15,000 damages. Faking and
lying in the public prints are some
times expensive for those who have a
propensity for indulging in such work.
Why don't they , settle this contro
versy that is going on among naval
officers about the location of the ar
mor belt on battleships, by taking the
subject out of the hands of the naval
officers and refer it for settlement to
the only competent authority? We
move a call of the Oregon referendum
on it. The people know what they
want.
The ..rebellious undergraduates at
Stanford will be ashamed of them
selves a few years hence, or, in com
mon language, "when - they know
more." In the meantime, the faculty
of the university is to be. congratulated
on a long-needed opportunity to set up
a standard of discipline based upon
gentlemanly- conduct in that institu
tion. A few very old Americans who have
lived beyond the period of activity
can remember when parents exercised
supervision of their children's educa
tion. However, the news that hun
dreds of boys at Stanford have signed
an agreement to quit college is proof
sufficient that parental authority has
been abrogated.
As to the engineering prohlem of
the Mount Hood Railway seeking to
cross the Bull Run pipeline, we are
not informed; yet if it presents a men
ace to Portland's water supply. Mayor
Lane may be assured that Portland
will back him to the last man.
Roosevelt is denounced on the one
hand because he doesn't put the great
malefactors of predatory wealth in the
penitentiary; on the other for usurpa
tion of the powers of Congress and the
courts. This man, you see, can't
please everybody. y
TheIilwaukie people are confident
they will win their case before Judge
Galloway for a 5-cent fare. But they
should not overlook the fact that the
decision will be subject to review by
the Supreme Court of the United
States.
Mr. Cleveland is again accused of
having acted with "frenzied misjudge
ment" on the money question when he
was President. Don't let that term,
applied to Mr. Cleveland, take your
breath quite away. Sit down and be
calm.
Seattle's latest proposed feature is a
Buddhist temple. Eastern civilization
is. being carried to the W"est over the
back track.
To paraphrase General Dix: If any
one attempts to divert Bull Run water,
shoot him on the spot.
VIEW OF EARNED INCREMENT
Tails Cerrespeadeat Grows Saxeaatle
About Calves and Such.
EVERETT, Wash.. March 26. (To the
Editor.) Thanks for publishing my pro
test in The Oregonian of March 18,
against the idea of untaxing farmers at
the expense of us non-resident land-own-ers.
"Our fanatical friends who advo
cate a single tax on land values" will
have demonstrated to them in the month
of June that your editorial lessons - on
political economy have illuminated ,the
mnssback mind and touched their hearts
with a proper sense of justice. I have
decided, however, since reading your late
article entitled "A Single-tax Fallacy,"
and gathering new ideas therefrom, to
sell my unimproved land and invest the
proceeds in calves. Your assurance that
"the calf will actually grow -in the night
while the man sleers" and by inference
In the daytime without care or expense
in feeding, has dispelled some faint recol
lections of early years on a Minnesota
farm doing chores and carrying pails of
warmed milk to appease the hunger of
unruly spluttering calves. At that time I
had often argued with the . "old man
that the calves should be sold to the
butcher, that the Increment of growth
depended too much on the quality of the
feed, the irritating regularity of atten
tion which included of course my valuable
time and labor.
Had your editorial appeared earlier
you'd have saved me lots of hard work,
and made unearned increment for the
old man.
There must be money in the stock
business in Portland. I'd like, to try It
just for a change. " To buy ea'.ves 10 days
old at a nominal price and ell the full
grown fattened animal a few years later
would be just "like getting money "from
home." The investment would be as
simple as living on Puget Sound and
holding unimproved land in the State of
Oregon.
I am curious to know how your single
tax articles affect the mossback mind. I
fear that your argument may incline
them to vote taxation from labor values
to land values, in which 'event I will not
regret my decision to sell my unimproved
land and buy calves.
DANIEL. NEESON.
P. 3. IT your single-tax correspondent
of yesterday is to be relied on T will be.
guided by his experience limiting my
investment to the one sex which brought
him such a wonderful increment. I refer
to Richard Smith.
Our ironical contributor js "almighty
cute," but not quite cute enough . to
prove that a calf does not acquire un
earned increment by Its growth. Had he
ever spent a week or two on the moun
tain ranges of Cowlitz County, Washing
ton, he would have seen a great many
calves which no human band has touched
and no farm boy fed from the day of
their birth to tho time of their descent to
the cattle yard in the Fail. These ani
mals have value and the whole of it
has been acquired by natural processes
from land which belongs to the whole
people. Therefore, according to single
tax logic, it belongs to everybody. The
Oregonian has never said that human
care does not increase the value of
calves. It has said that the value of
calves may acquire unearned increment,
and this is tyue.
Moreover, if a man owns a cow on an
island Inhabited only by himself she has
little value, no matter how much he takes
care of her: but If three or four other
men come to the Island the very fact
of their arrival and residence increases
the value of the cow -many times over.
There is an unearned increment in the
strictest single-tax sense of the term. It
comes, exactly as the increase in land
values does, from the development of
population.
THE MAX WEARING THE XO. 1 TAG
Plata Reasons From a PInIn Cltlxen oa
the Questioa of Senatorial Cboice.
ASTORIA. Or., March 25. (To the Edi
tor.) I read' Thomas McCusker's letter
in Sunday's Oregonian in defense of
Statement No. 1, and I may also say that
"I do not consider that anything has
been said (by him) that is worthy of
consideration, or that will in any way in
fluence the sane majority who will cast
their votes for a principle."
Any person who is a Republican or of
any other party believing in the prin
ciples of his party, would scarcely be ex
pected to surrender his convictions and
vote for the opposite party. It seems
almost Incredible that there can be two
opinions on this subject, where the per
sons have honest convictions of what is
for the best interests of the country.
I certainly do not want to senfl Mr.
Chamberlain to the United States Senate
to represent my views, and I am very
sure that he would not do so. The Gov
ernor very modestly says that there are
no measures of National importance pend
ing just now, and that it would be im
material whether a Democrat "or a Re
publican were to be elected. But Sena
tors are not elected for one year only,
and it is possible before the expiration
of his term. Republicans would wonder
why they had done it.
Mr. McCusker also says, or Intimates,
that there are no good Republicans that
can beat Mr.. Chamberlain. Well, that
may be so, but it ought not to be. We
all admit that the Governor is a good
vote-getter, but he would not represent
our party in Congress. It is very evident
that the people, knowing that the mem
bers of the State Legislature have the
only power to elect Senators, vote for
Republicans the majority of that body
being always of that persuasion, thej
elect their own man. If the Democrats
want a United States Senator, they must
first set about and elect enough of their
own party to the State body, and then
they would have a chance to get iheir
man in. and then also. Statement No. 1
would not be such a big thing as it is
now.
There are a great many Democrats
registering under the Republican colors.
Why? Is it a genuine change of heart,
or do they want some of the pie? The
Republican who is the choice of his
party at the primaries is the logical and
only candidate for the Senate, as long
as it Is Republican, and vice versa, and
he will be elected on the first ballot, as
Mr. Bourne was, but he will not have to
wear a No. 1 tag. As far as I am con
cerned, no man wearing that badge could
get my vote, even if he is a good Re
publican In every other way. -
F. W. GARDINER.
Farms and the Unemployed.
Chicago Journal.
There is no reason why any man in
the United States should starve, or even
why any man should be out of employ
ment, no matter what the conditions of
business.
In Louisiana, for example, there are
27.000.000 acres of land, of which only 6.
000.009 are cultivated. Planters with large
tracts stand ready to aid every man who
is willing to help himself. They will sell
him all the land he needs on ten years'
credit, or will allow him to farm on
shares, providingihim with a house, a
horse and a mule, sufficient seed to plant
crops, and provide farming implements.
Yet with the whole country full of such
opportunities, large cities swarm with
men who complain that they cannot get
work, and municipalities are at their wits'
end to find some way to help the unem
ployed. The farms of the Nation contain
the only solution of this problem.
Steals Horses at Hillsboro.
HTLISBORO. Or.. March 37. (Special.)
'A horsethief last night entered the barn
of Richard Linton, a mile . east of this
city, and stole a mare and colt valued at
$175. Officers are after the fugitive, but
he left no tracks as to his destination.
This county seems to be a very fortunate
place for horsethieves. as it is easy for
them to make the Columbia River in a
few hours and cross early -in the morn-.
URGE THEM TO GROW APPLES
College Experts Lecture) to Inland
Empire Farmers.
COLFAX, Wash., March 27. (Spe
1 cial.) A regular horticultural institute
on electric wheels had right of way
through Whitman County today. Wheat
has been forgotten in the perfume of
apples, grapes and peaches. The Spo
kane Inland Electric line fruitgrowers'
special left Colfax today after special
lectures and demonstrations at the
courthouse Thursday night. Inland
officials deserve great credit for -the
nrst Known Horticultural train. Pro- i
lessors Melander. entomologist; Thorn- J
berg, horticulturist of the Washington 1
fustria?ai toJSl J"'. !
I lessor, gave lectures at all inland sta
tions in Whitman County today.
Apples are the chief topic. The ob
ject of. Inland officials and college
professors ts to tell how to make or
chards and save them, how to ship and
can the rest. They advocate irrigation
as required in Whitman County if good
care and cultivation is given. The cod
lin moth can be killed by two thor
ough sprays of arsenate of lead, one
pound to 60 gallons of water. The first
spray should be applied one week after
the blossoms fall. A ten-acre orchard
will earn as much as 120 acres of
wheat. Wagnsr and Rome Beauty ap
ples are best varieties for the Inland
Empire.
.Many fruitgrowers attended the lec
tures at Steptoe. Thornton, Rosalia.
Fairbanks; Oakesdale, Garfield and
Palouse. The special will work near
Spokane Saturday. ,
COSTLY BLAZE AT SILYERTOX
Four Business ' Houses Destroyed,
With Total Loss of 10,000
SILVERTON, Or., March 27. (Spe
cial.) At 6:30 this morning fire broke out
in the meat market owned by Graham
& Welty and the building and contents
were quickly consumed. A strong wind
prevailed at this hour and the flames
quickly spread on either side of the meat
market consuming the Heater building,
occupied by William Faming, as a sa
loon. J. D. Drake's photograph gallery,
M. W. Barkhurst's confectionery store
and a portion of William Haack's saloon.
The Hicks hardware , store was also
slightly damaged. The buildings con
sumed were frame structures and the
fire made quick work, leaving no oppor
tunity to savo the contents.
The total loss is estimated at approx
imately $10,000, and in most cases the
losses were partly covered by Insurance.
The fire is presumed to have originated
in the smoke-house in the basement of
the old frame structure occupied by Gra
ham & Welty.
Already there is talk of re-building in
one or two cases where the losses oc
curred, and it is believed that brick build
ings "will be erected during the Summer
in the places of those burned.
LABOR RIOTS ARE AVOIDED
Canadian Railway Agrees Xot to
Employ Japanese Coolies.
VANCOUVER, B. C. March 27. (Spe
cial.) That British Columbia was saved
from another invasion of a thousand or
more Japanese coolies from the Hawaiian
Islands last month under the piloting of
Senator Chillingworth. is due entirely to
the fact that an arrangement was made
between the Provincial government and
the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway Com
pany, stipulating that the company should
not employ Asiatic labor. . It was the in
tention to bring the Japanese directly
from Honolulu to Prince Rupert, for it
was feared that to land them in Van
couver would be to precipitate another
riot. Chillingworth and his Vancouver
friends planned that the Japanese, once
In British Columbia, would be given work
on the Grand Trunk Pacific. Chilling
worth was advised by Vancouver law
yers that he could knock out the order In
Council against Honolulu Japanese, which
failed to stand the test when brought into
court yesterday against the Hindus. Chil
lingworth was actually compelled to re
fund their ticket money to several hun
dred Japanese when he found that they
could not possibly be employed in railway
construction in the north.
FIGHTS FOR SOX'S RELEASE
Will H. Thompson Argues for Writ
-of Mandate at Olympla.
OLYMPIA, Wash., March 27. (Spe
cial.) Will H. Thompson appeared be
fore the Supreme Court today and pre
sented arguments' in support of his
application for a write of mandate to
compel Judge W. H. Snell of Pierce
County, the trial Judge, to call a jury
for the investigation as to the sanity
of his eon, Chester, who shot and killed
Judge G. M. Emory of Seattle over a
year ago. The application was resisted
by Prosecuting Attorney H. G. Row
land of Pierce County and Mackintosh
of King. Mr. Thompson, in his argu
ments, went into the technicalities of
the Grave criminally insane law to a
considerable extent. The motion was
taken under advisement by the Supreme
Court and no judgment made from the
bench.
Plethora of Candidates in Linn.
ALBANY. Or., March 27. (Special.)
Nine candidates for the Legislature have
filed petitions in Linn County. But a
short time ago there was a decided
scarcity of aspirants for legislative
honors, but that condition has changed.
The candidates who have thus far ap
peared for the Republican primaries are
F. M. Brown and W. B. Blanchard, of
Brownsville; E. K. Upmeyer, of Harris
burg. M. J. Simpson, of Lebanon, and
Frank H. Porter, of Haisey. Brown
signed Statement No. 1, Simpson State
ment No. 2 and Upmeyer, Porter and
Blanchard are running unpledged. Brown
and Upmeyer were members of the last
Legislature. The Democratic candidates
who have thus far filed are: William
S. Risley, of Albany: C. Carlson, of
Shedds: J. M. Phllpott, of Harrisburg,
and Thomas Bradon, of Haisey. All
signed Statement No. 1.
Short Session in Benton.
CORVALLIS, March 27. (Special.) Cir
cuit Court adjourned Wednesday after a
session of two days. Among the matters
on the docket were accumulated cases
from the term of last November, not held
because of legal holidays. Except the fine
of $300 against J. C. Cams and the for
feiture of a bond of $100, of Ed L. Enoch,
for assaulting a Chinaman, the term'was
mainly devoted to small civil business.
A mandate from the Supreme Court, af
firming the decision of Judge Harris in
the Corvallis Social and Athletic Club
cases, resulted in a plea of guilty by Jack
Milne on an appealed local option case
from the Justice Court, and the forfeit
ure of bonds as to Charles M. Kline, of
$1000.
Witness in Benson-Hyde Trial.
SALEM. Or., March 27. (Special.) Rail
road Commissioner Oswald West left for
Washington, D. C, today, to appear as a
witness in the land-fraud prosecution
against Benson and Hyde. Mr. West,
while serving as State Land Agent, found
the long-lost letter in which ex-Land
Agent T. W. Davenport protested against
the sales of land to the dummies who
transferred title to Benson and Hyde.
Clerk G. G. Brown, of the State Land
Board, has also gone to Washington to
Identify the records bearing upon the
Benson-Hyde case-
Advertising Talks
No. 2
THE CELLAR HOLE A5D THE
SEWER HOLE
- By Herbert Kaufman
COAL cart stopped before an
office building in Washington
A
and the driver dismounted,
... , ,
removea '"C cover irom a maniluie,
ran out his chute, and proceeded to
empty the load. An old negro strolled
over and stood watehinjr him. Sud
denly the black man glanced down
and immediately burst into a fit of
uncontrollable laughter, which con
tinued for several minutes. The cart
driver, looked at him in amusement.
"Say, Uncle," he asked, "do you
always laugh when von see coal go
ing into a cellar?" The negro sput
tered around for a few. moments and
then holding his hands to his aching
sides managed to say, "No, sah, but
I jest busts when I sees it goin' down
a sewer."
The advertiser who displays lack
of judgment in selecting the news
papers which carry his copy often
confuses the sewer and the ce'llar.
All the money that is put into news
papers isn't taken out again by any
means. The fact that all dailies
possess a certain physical likeness
doesn't by any means signify a simi
larity in character, and it's character
in a newspaper that brings returns.
The editor who conducts a journal
istic sewer finds a different class of
readers than, the "publisher who re
spects himself enough to respect his
readers.
What goes into a newspaper largely
determines the class of homes into
which the newspaper goes. An irre
sponsible, seandal-mongering, muck
raking sheet is logically not supported
by the buying classes of people. It
may be perused by thousands of read
ers, but such readers are seldom pur
chasers of advertised goods.
It's the clean-cut, steady, normal
minded citizens who form the bone
and sinew and muscle of the com
munity. It's the sane, self respecting,
dependable newspaper that enters
their homes and it's the home sale
that indicates the strength of an ad
vertising medium.
'So elean-minded father of a family
wishes to have his wife and children
brought into contact with the most
maudlin and banal phases of life. H .
defends them from the sensational
editor and the unpleasant advertiser.
He subscribes to a newspaper which
he does not fear to leave about the
house.
Therefore, the respectable news
paper can always be counted upon
to produce more sales than one which
may even own a larger circulation
.but whose distribution is in ten edi
tions among unprofitable citizens.
You can no more expect to sell
good,s to people who haven't mouey
than you can hope to pluck oysters
from bushes.
It isn't the number of readers
reached but the number of readers
whose purses can be reached that con
stitutes the value of circulation. It 's
one thing to arouse their attention,
but it's a far different thing to get
their money. The mind may be will
ing, but the poeketbook is weak.
If you had the choice of a thousand
acres of desert land or a hundred
acres of oasis, you'd select the fertile
spot, realizing that the larger tract,
had less value because it would be
less productive.
Just so the advertiser who really
understands how he is spending his
money does not measure by bulk
alone. He county productivity first.
He takes care that he is not putting
his money intp a sewer.
Copyright, 1008. '
OPEX OYSTER BEDS APRIL CO
Effort to Continue Closed Season at
South Bend Fails.
SOUTH BEND, Wash., March 27. (Spe
cial.) State Fish Commissioner J. L.
Rlseland was in Bay Center a few days
ago conferring with the oystermen con
cerning the opening of the oyster beds.
While some of the oystermen were op
posed to opening the beds at all, declar
ing there are sufficient Eastern oysters
planted to till the demand, and that native
oysters should be left to propagate, others
had made arrangements to tons the
young growth on the natural beds. So a
compromise was effected and the re
serves will be opened for tonging April
20, five days later than last year. It
was generally agreed that the tonging
season should be short this year, but tile
exact date was not set.
Mr. Rise-land favors a law providing a
license fee for each battcaux used in
torrging on the natural beds, so as to limit
the number of battcaux an oyster firm
could use, or at least get a good revenue
from them. "'
MOVE TO PARDON" UNDERWOOD
Aberdeen Friends of Young Man Ap
peal to Governor Mead.
AEBRDEEN, Wash., March 27. (Spe
cial.) Another application is to be made
to Governor Mead for the pardon of Paul
Underwood, serving a 14-year terni for
the murder of his infant son. Underwood
and his wife, who resided here, went to
Ballard when the crime was committed.
Mrs. Underwood was indicted but was not
brought to trial. Underwood alleged that
the child died a natural death, but to
save expense it was thrown into Seattle
Bay. The friends of Underwood here have
always believed in his innocence.