Tv7 JUVRVTNG OREGOXIAN, MONDAY, MARCH 23, 1903.
PHASES OF INDUSTRIAL GROWTH IN THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST
NEW DAIRY GOWS
NOW IN OREGON
Twelve Shorthorns, Heavy
Milkers, Come From a
Noted Herd.
"DUAL PURPOSE" ANIMALS
Return of Old-Fashioned Cow, the
Original English Milk Breed,
Marks a Xew Venture
in This State.
BY C. MARIS. OK THB RTR AT, SPIRIT.
A herd of milk Shorthorn arrived
in Portland last week frotai Woodland,
Cal., where they were bred by the late
Roljert Ashburner, a breeder who de
voted hla lifetime to the development of
this type of cow. The imported animals
are 12 In number, nine of them matured
cows, yielding from 40 to 60 pounds of
milk a day when in trim. Ashburner
brought his foundation herd from England
and bred In California a type of animal
considered, from the "dual purpose" view
point, equal to If not superior to any
other in the country. The animals just
received in Oreron will be placed on the
Scott farm at Mount Scott, near Lents.
We who spent our boyhood days on
farms in the Mississippi Valley 25 to 40
years ago well remember how, on each
of these farms, was left from ten to 26
heart of cows mostly high-grade Short
horns of the good old-fashioned type,
weighing from 1100 to 1600 pounds, and
carrying capacious udders. None were
kept that were not capable of raising a
))lg lusty calf, and besides, furnish a
good) quota of milk, cream and butter
for the family and some for the local
market in exchange for groceries and
other necessaries. The most promising
heifers from the best milkers were kept
to take the place of the old cows, as they
were turned off for beef. The steers were
kept till they were 3 or 4 years old. when
they were marketed at a weight of from
lf.00 to 2000 pounds each, the heaviest and
best ones going as exporters at an ad
vanced figure.
Dairy Cow Takes Her Place.
With the advance in the price of land
and dairy products the business of raising
steers was practically all transferred to
the range country and tho dual-purpose
cow was superseded on the farm by the
special-purpose dairy cow. Her calves
were knocked in the riead at birth or
sent to the butcher as soon as they were
old enough to veal. The steers grown
on the range were shippd to the farm to
be fed from six to 12 months, sent to mar
ket and replaced by another bunch of
rangers. Such is the condition today,
as we lind it not only in the country east
of the Rockies but in the Northwest as
well.
But history repeats itself. The big
range is raDldry passing, while the num
ber of people who must be supplied with
beef is rapidly increasing. As the range
supply diminishes the production on the
farm must Increase and with this call
on the farm for increase production of
beef steers comes a growing call for the
dual-purpose cow.
We are well aware that many advo
cates of the special-purpose dairy cow
have relegated the dual-purpose cow to
the realms of mythology, theoretically,
and we have no particular quarrel to pick
with them from their point of view. For
the man who wants to make dairying a
specialty, we also would say, get a special-purpose
dairy cow; but there are a
great many farmers who do not. for
various reasons, care to specialize on
dairying.
We have also a largely and rapidly
growing population to feed, who de
mand some beef to eat as well as but
ter and cheese. Our range supply of
beef Is decreasing in proportion with
the increase of this population and
therefore the production on the farm
must increase In the same ratio. The
time Is close at hand when the bulk
of our beef must not only be fattened
but grown on the farm ajid then, as
in the earlier days referred to, will
the farmer who wishes to diversify
and make dairying a side Issue, find
the dual purpose cow profitable. -
Milk is a prime necessity In the rear
ing of a calf, and the cow that will
give enough milk In a year to raise
two or 'three calves, or to raise one
and eend a few potmds to the cream
ery every day besides, will pay a good
profit above her keep.
Shorthorns the Favorite.
In England, the original home of the
Shorthorn, she is stilt the predomi
nating dairy cow among the tenant
farmers and has always been able to
hold her own with the special purpose
cows In the public dairy tests. In
America the great tendency has been
for a good many years to breed for
beef alone, without any regard for
milk, with the result that the dairy
qualities of most Shorthorns have been
seriously weakened, only a few breed
ers paying any special attention to
that point. The late Robert Ashburner,
of Woodland. California, was one ol
the latter class. He was the oldest
breeder and a real pioneer In the busi
ness on the Pacific Coast, and it is
a question If as good a herd of dual
purpose Shorthorns can be found in
America as he bred In the half cen
tury he spent in the business in Call-'
fornia. He was born and raised in
England right where the Collins, the
Booths. Thomas Fates and others made
the early history of the breed. He
was familiar with the Shorthorn from
hls-earllest recollection and it was his
first love. He was an especial admirer
of the cattle bred by Thomas Bates,
who developed the milking propensity
of the breed to a greater degree than
did his contemporaries, the Booths.
In 1S61 Mr. Ashburner moved to this
country, bringing with him a founda
tion herd of heavy milking Shorthorns
of the Bates strain, landing In Cali
fornia on the 11th day of February.
Among the Importation was one cow
of Sir Charles Knlghtly's "Fill-Pair'
sort, among whose descendants Mr.
Ashburner said were many very heavy
milkers. In 1ST5. in order to secure
some fresh blood, he bought the entire
herd of Mr. Egbert Judson In England,
nine nead of which he brought with
him. which is the last Importation
marie by any one directly from England
to California. He was a great student
of pedigrees and few nen were so well
posted In breeding. He was a strong
advocate of good blood lines in the sire
and has paid as high as $2500 for a
bull.
Bred Many Winners.
His cows were not only winners in
the dairy test at the State Fair on many
occasions but won many prizes in the
ring In competition with the best herds
of the state, although he always showed
his cattle in just pasture condition.
In 1906. In a large cla?s of cows, he won
second and third, and one of his show
cows won the dairy test also. It appears
that much valuable data regarding the
pail performance of this herd has passed
with the death of Mr. Ashburner. He
gave his work very close personal super
vision and, having a wonderful memory,
could give the detailed facts regarding
most of his cows as to milk records, but
It seems that he has not left this infor
mation tn available form for others to
use, which is an unfortunate circum
stance. When visiting the herd the writer has
heard him give the records of many
members of his herd which run from 35 to
66 pounds of milk per day. His calves
were raised on the bucket and the cows
all milked so they acquired the habit of
persistency as well as of heavy produc
tion, many of them refusing to dry off
between calves.
The death of Mr. Ashburner a few
months ago, after almost a half century
devoted to his chosen work in California,
made necessary the dispersion of the
splendid results of his efforts. At this
closing-out sale. Dairy and Food Com
missioner J. W. Bailey bought 12 head of
the cream of this herd for Leslie W.
Scott, of this city, to piace upon the
farm, he is improving and stocking with
blooded stock at Mount Scott, near Lents,
near the city limits. Nine of the lot, ma
tured cows, are all milking or soon due
to freshen. Among this number is one
white cow which was Mr. Ashburners
favorite of all the herd and upon which'
he had always refused to put a price.
Will Be Seen at Fairs.
It Is the intention of their new owner
to keep these cattle for breeding purposes
and to show them at the leading fairs
and compete in the dairy contests along
with the special dairy cows. Records will
be kept and their merits given a publicity
that will do much toward popularizing the
dual purpose cow. We gladly welcome
Mr. Scott to the ranks of Oregon breed
ers and wish him the greatest of success.
In the absence of any data regarding
the performance of the Ashburner Short
horn, a few facts regarding a similar herd
in the State of New York are pertinent.
In the year 1304 every cow in this herd
over 4 years old, averaged S574.5 pounds
of milk. One cow. Kitty Clay V, at 13
yeans of age, gave 8273 pounds. With her
next calf, which was her last, she milked
42 months and 19 days, giving 20,828 pounds
and was 16 years old . when she went
dry. Lady Clare III gave 9315 pounds in
10 months and 28 days, was then dry 28
days, milked 22 months and 17 days,
giving 14.696 pounds, was dry 25 days and
calved again. She was then sold from
the herd. These figures show capacity
and persistence as well as longevity, ail
characteristics of the well-bred milking
Shorthorn.
INVENTS XEW FARM ENGINE
Xewberg Man Harnesses Gasoline to
Plow and Reap.
NEWBURG, Or., March 22. (Special.)
George Stevens has Just fumed out of
the shop at the Newburg Iron Works a
traction engine of his own invention and
manufacture, which he thinks will prove
to be practical for farm work here in
the Valley.
Mr. Stevens Is a practical engineer and
has had experience in handling the big
traction engines on the large ranches
east of the mountains for combination
harvesters, where the cost of operating
the engine is such a factor that the small
farmers here In the Valley could not con
sider investing In such a proposition. In
the engine he has invented he has over
come this difficulty by building a. smaller
machine, which is propelled by a gasoline
motor, and which, he figures, will not
require more than ten gallons of gasoline
in one day. It has two large wheels be
hind but only one in front. The weight
is about 2500 pounds and its capacity is
16-horsepower.
Mr. Stevens has tried his machine on
the roads and finds It works perfectly
and is easily handled. It was taken to
the country today to be given a trial on
a farm, with plows attached, and its
work will be watched with a great deal
of interest.
Pave Ashland Streets. ,
ASHLAND. Or.. March 22. (Special.)
The City Council has approved the pe
titions of property-owners for bltulithic
pavement upon Main and Fourth streets,
which will provide a hard pavement from
the Southern Pacific depot to and through
the principal business section of the city,
a distance of almost half a mile. The
engineer is now engaged in amending
previous plans and specifications which
provided for macadam Improvement for
the same section, and as soon as these
are ready the work will be advertised.
Representatives of Portland paving con
tractors have been on the ground recently
and have given assurances of under
taking the work at a reasonable price.
The city has recently invested $6000 in a
steam roller and a rock-crushing plant,
all equipped for operation.
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'OFFICERS OF ASTORIA CHAMBER OF COMMERCE A'D EXHIBIT OF ANSWERS RECEIVED IW Pl'BI,ICIT' CAMPAIGJf.
CHEESE OUTPUT IS LARGE
VALUE OF TILLAMOOK PRODUCT
IS $450,000.
Report of Secretary of Large Fac
tories Recommends More Care
ful Manufacture.
TILLAMOOK. Or.. March 22. (Special.)
Carl Haberlach, who handles about half
the .dairy products of Tillamook County,
being the secretary for a number of the
large factories gives the amount of busi
ness last year, placing $450,000 as the
amount of the cheese product in this
county for 1907. His report follows:
For the past ypar the figures are as fol
lows: Amount of milk received.' 14,272.000
pound?; amount of cheese produced, 1,538.302
pounds; amount of butter fat. 558.241
pounds; amount received for cheese. $216.
657.72; average test, .03011 -per Jcent; aver
age price received, 14.0S plus, or 14 1-12
cents per pound of wharf; average milk
per pound cheese. 9.27 pounds; average
yield per lOO pounds milk, 10.776 pounds
cheese.
Estimating making at 1 i cents per pound,
cheese would make $20,920. 2S tsorae fac
tories charged 2 cents, but 1 cents Is used
as a basis. which would Jeuve $189,737.44
to be paid farmers. Average price on said
estimate for year for butter fat. 34 cents
per pound : average price on said estimate
for year for 100 pounds nik$1.33.
This Is about half of the output of the
county for the year, so that the make of
cheese for the county would be about 3.250,
0O pounds, of a value of approximately
$45.OO0. While the outlook for the coming
season Is not as good as last year, yet if we
tan act in concert with other cheese sellers
in this country, the market will probably
be fair the coming season.
Tillamook cheese has attained a good rep
utation in the West, but there is too much
poor cheese being sent out yet for the best
Interests of the county. The smaller factor
ies are not able to pay the wages which a
good rheesemaker commands. while too
often the larger factories think money paid
out is money thrown away. What we need
Is rigid inspection of cheese factories and
dairies and a first-class cheese inspector.
ARRANGE FOR STOCK SHOW
Many Entries Expected . in Annual
Event at CorvalHs.
OORVALLIS, ' Or., March 22. (Spe
cial.) The annual livestock show at Cor
vallis will be held on Marys River Flat
Instead of in the city streets, as last
year. May 15 and 16. Grounds have been
secured, and the committee of arrrange
ments is arranging the preliminaries.
Everything is to be thought out before
- : - a-a
DAYTON, VR.. EVArORATlVG AND PACKING
iswriijiu in iii 1.WIUU..HJJIIJIU mi ii ii .ijKmmm ..u..imiur- iii.iiu.u n.
? l : -
hand, so that when the event rolls around
everything will move off in perfect order.
There will be tent stables for all the
stock on the grounds. There will be free
hay and bedding for them. All the own
ers will have to furnish is grain. A
huge show tent. with grandstand, will
give those who are onlookers a chance to
see everything in comfort.
Letters have 'been sent out to prominenW
stockmen all over the county, asking
f
ItVJ "
SHOltTHORN COW'S, HEAVY MILKERS.
WEKK FROM NOTED CALIFORNIA
SCOTT.
them to make 'exhibits, and responses
from them are very encouraging. It is
freely predicted that the exhibits will
double or treble those of last year, which
it will be remembered were excellent and
numerous. Stockmen from other parts
of the state are making inquiries, and so
are buyers. The show is the last on the
list, others occurring as early as the
29ih of this month, while others In con
siderable number transpire in April.
PLANT, AMONG THE LARGEST ON THE fO.i
Pamplets giving a list of the prizes
and terms of entry are in the hands of
the printer, and will be ready for distri
bution within a few days. They will be
mailed to all on the secretary's list,- and
to any others who may make application.
Weston Mill Starts Up.
WESTON. Or., March 22. (Special.)
The Blue Mountain sawmill, 12 miles east
14 .M f
BROltiUT TO PORTLAND LAST
HERD AND PLACED AT MOUNT
of Weston, will begin sawing April 30,
with a force of 30 men. A new machine
for making fruit, boxes and shingles has
been ordered, and other new equipment
will be installed this season. Manager
Avery has engaged Thomas Yarhorough,
late of Spokane, as millwright and super
intendent, and Clyde Skaggs as engineer.
Free candy with children's shoes at
Rosenthal's. Seventh and Washington.
- A A ! t
- ST
BIG RANCH INCORPORATED
COMPANY TAKES OVER RICH
KLAMATH LAND.
Tract in Heart of Irrigation District.
Will Build Town at
Henley.
KLAMATH FALLS. Or., March 22.
(Special.) Articles of incorporation have
been filed with the Secretary of State and
also with' the County Clerk of Klamath
County by the Cantrall-Hcnley Land
Company, with J. D. Carroll, Frank Ira
White and Perl E. Carroll as incorpo
rators. The purposes of the company as des
ignated by the articles are: To buy,
sell and manufacture lumber; to hold
and own real property and improve same
for the purpose of leasing; and other pur
poses; the buying and selling of do
mestic animals and importing and export
ing same; to deal in ffrain, maintaining
and operating a flour mill; to establish
a plant for canning and , preserving of
fruit, etc.
The capital stock is placed at J500.000,
with 3000 shares at I10Q; 3000 of this in
preferred and 2000 common stock.
. The property of the company consists
of the Cantrall, Henley and Blooming
camp ranches consisting of 2000 acres all
adjoining and under cultivation. It also
includes the townsite of Henley. This
property lies in the heart of the Klamath
Basin, and is conceded to be" one of the
finest tracts of land under the Klamath
Irrigation Project. Of this land 320 acres
has a perpetual water right irom the
Government.
It is the intention of the company to
engage extensively in raising hogs and
other live stock. Each share of stock
will represent one acre of land, upon
which the company claims it can fatten
ten hogs with a net profit of So each.
The. company also plans to establish a
general store at Henley, and a grist mill,
fruit cannery and other businesses.
The officers of the new company are:
President, J, D: Carroll; vice-president,
Frank Ira White; secretary, E. B. Hall,
and treasurer, W. A. Dalzell.
There are five directors, which include
the four officers and Perl B. Carroll.
Offices have been secured on the second
floor of the Baldwin building in Klamath
Falls.
PLAN" COXDEXSER AT BROOKS
Plant Wants Milk From 1000 Cows
Guaranteed by Farmers.
SALEM, Or.. March 22. (Special.)
Negotiations are in progress for the
establishment of a milk condensing plant
at Brooks, seven miles north of this city.
It is understood that. Portland men are
back of the enterprise and that they are
ready to install the plant as soon as they
are assured that the condenser will get
the milk from 1000 cows. M. L. Jones,
a prominent dairyman at Lake Iabish,
has indicated a willingness to supply
milk from 3(X cows. As it is estimated
that milk sold to a condenser will yield
the farmer a return of $100 per cow per
year, the establishment of a condenser
large enough to handle the product from
1000 cows would mean a large income to
the community. As Brooks is but seven
miles from Salem the location of a plant
there would give the Salem dairymen an
additional market for their product with
all the advantages that increased compe
tition could give. Brooks is in the cen
ter of a rich hop-growing region and
since hopgrowers find their occupation
unprofitable, the establishment of a milk
condenser would very likely encourage
the plowing up of much of the hop acre
age in that vicinity and the sowing of
clover, vetches and other dairy crops
instead.
COWS ARE GOOD MILKERS
Blooded Stock at O. A. C. Farm
Show Big Yields.
CORVALLI6. Or., March 22. (Special.)
An Ayrshire cow on the college farm,
in the milk period of a little more than
ten months Just closed, has yielded 11.675
pounds of milk. The amount of butter
fate was 466.69 pounds, equivalent of 544.47
pounds of butter. At 30 cents per pound
the gross product was $163.34. It cost
to feed her during the period, $40, leaving
a net profit of $123.34. Her diet was al
falfa, with a very light ration of .bran
and rolled oats during the Summer, and
15 pounds of" vetch and oats hay, 30 pounds
of kale and .eight pounds of bran and
rolled barley during Winter. The ani
mal is 6 years old. and came from the
farm of Mrs. Honeyman. of Portland.
A 6-year-old Holstein from the Frakes
herd at Scappoose yielded over 13.000
pounds of milk during a similar period,
which closed In December, making a
butter product of over 530 pounds. She
has freshened, and is now giving 70
pounds of milk per day.
ID
MIL
RESUMES WORK
Idle Lumber Plant Will Start
Up Again After Shutdown
of Long Duration.
CUTS 60,000 FEET A DAY
Construction Work on Big Saw mill
at Cascade Locks Taken I'p
Afcain Xew Plant Will
Have Seven Boilers.
CASCADE LOCKS. Or.. March '.3.
(Special.) The Wind River Lumber Coirf
pany's mill at Menominee, 16 miles east of
here on the Columbia River, will start up
with a full crew on Monday. The plant
has 'been idle since last October. It was
bought by the present owners from the
Cameron Brothers last Summer, shortly
alter the mill at Cascade Locks was de
stroyed by fire on July 11.
The logging operations for this concern
are conducted in the White Salmon Val
ley, and the recent heavy rains have set
afloat an unusually large number of logs,
sufficient to keep tne mill supplied for
many months to come at Its full sawing
capacity of 60.000 feet per day. The com
pany also has about 2.000.000 feet of logs
in the boom at the mouth of Wind River,
which will furnish an additional source
of supply for the mill at Menominee. Tho
company also expects to start up several
of its logging camps in the White Sal
mon country and this will furnish emplo.
m'ent for a considerable number of men.
Construction work on the new mill plant
at Cascade Locks, which was suspended
at the outset of the recent panic, has
been resumed and a force of men is en
gaged tn putting the finishing touches on
the boiler house, a solid concrete struc
ture with steel roof. Seven boilers with
steel settings and Dutch ovens, produc
ing 1000-horse power will be installed. The
plans" provide for a modern fire
proof plant to cost $123,0000. The
planer and dry kiln, steel and concrete
structures, will be located at a consid
erable distance from the mill, so as to
minimize the fire risk. The planer will be
operated by electric power.
The lumber from the mill will cross the
railroad tracks' by an overhead rjdse.
and be delivered to the planer by a sys
tem of transfer chains and rolls. 1 ne
owners state that construction work on
the new plant will proceed steadily, but
slowly for the present, as they have no
desire to rush work in the present un
satisfactory condition of the lumber
market, when prices for lumber are low
and the demand meager and in face of
the Increased freight rate which the rail
roads are endeavoring to establish on
shipments of lumber to the East,
FRtIT MEX ARE PROSPEROUS
Yakima. Valley Orchards Promise a
Biff Yield.
NORTH YAKIMA, Wash., March 22.
(Special.) A review of the financial sit
uation in the Yakima Valley shows that
the majority of the orchardists and farm
ers have . ample funds on deposit to
finance their operations this year. Active
work has commenced earlier than usual,
but the demand for loans on this ac-
count is practically nil. while the bank
ers declare that the call for money to
move the crops will be less than ever be
fore in the history of the Valley.
The big profits realized last year by the
producers of the Yakima country have
been partly invested in valuable improve
ments, in extension of orchards and, quite
largely, in tho erection of handsome and
comfortable homes. But there remains
the handsome balance to the credit of Jr.s
producers of over $3,0U0.0W0 in the banks
of North Yakima alone, while over $1.0u0,
000 at least is on deposit in the institu
tions of the smaller towns of the valley.
Orchardists are lodking forward to an'
other profitable season. Cold nights have
succeeded the warm spell recently ex
perienced and will serve to prevent the
undue development of the fruit trees at
this 'time and postpone the blossoming
till the proper season. The orchards
are in fine shape everywhere and this
will be one of the "big"' seasons.
PROPERTY VALUES ADVANCING
Outlook Bright for Salem During
Coming Year.
SALEM. Or., March 23. (Special.) Real
estate values have been advancing very
rapidly in this vicinity in the past year,
and the completion of the Oregon Electric
road Is expected to make the real estate
market very active this Summer. The
Salem Board of Trade has conducted an
extensive advertising campaign through
out the East and Middle West, with the
result that thousands of people tn that
section of the country are inquiring for
farm lands and business opportunities
here. In localijies where improved lands
sold for $50 an acre a year ago, sales aje
now being made of stump land at (lie
same figure.
Advancing values are also experienced
in the city, where a number of centrally .
located business lots have changed hands
and where a number of large business
blocks are to be erected this Summer.
The paving of 20 blocks of the city streets,
the erection of new buildings and the
construction of new electric lines will fur
nish employment for hundreds-of men,
and make this a very prosperous commu
nity during the next year.
Weather Good for Farming.
SALEM. Or., March 22. (Special.) Not
for many years have the farmers of this
part of the Willamette Valley had as
favorable a season as this for Fall and
Winter work. With scarcely an exception
all the farmers got their plowing and
seeding done in season and the work of
pruning and spraying orchards was fa
vored by fair weather during the Winter.
The outlook now is for excellent crops of
all kinds. The Winter was a mild one
and livestock came through in fine con
dition, notwithstanding the scarcity and
consequent high price of hay and mill
feed. Several hundred acres of new orch
ards, principally cherries and apples,
were set-out this Winter and consider
able land was cleared with a view to
planting It to fruit trees after the ground
has been put in condition by a year or
two of cultivation. Farmers have not T'
been able to get all the help they needed
and even now. when there is complaint
of nothing to do in the cities, there Is an
unfilled demand for labor in the country.
A