4
TE MORNING OREGONIAN, MONDAY, JANUARY 27, 1908.
RAPS FISH1EELS
Mr, Rosenberg Replies to Up-
. . River Gear.
HE DEFENDS GILLNET MEN
Declares That Wherever Stationary
Appliances Are Used, Including:
Columbia River,-the Fish Sup
ply Is on the Decline.
ASTORIA. Or.. Jan. 'Jo. (To the Editor.)
As The Orexonian evidently Intends to
keep the lead among the newspapers of this
state In si vine special attention to views
and measures advanced for the saving of
our Columbia fisheries, now rapidly being
destroyed by over-fish in, I wish to empha
size again that there Is no fight between
lower and upper river fishermen or cannery-
The tight Is against a system of fishing
and aeainst sear which has been abolished
.in every palmon stream in California, Ore
gon, Washington. Alaska and Canada. . The
hue and cry raised against Astoria people
or ajrainst the gillnetters as the men who
are the only ones Interested in stopping
limning In the narrows of the Upper Colum
bia. Is simply raised for the purpose of ob
scuring the issue. That same trick has
been played again and again upon the legis
lature, and somehow it always worked.
Encouraged by this success, the up-river
flahwher! monopolists, when they found that
leading citizens of the state were Interested
in presenting to the direct vote of the peo
ple the measure to clo?e fishing In the nar
rows of the I'dpit Columbia, launched the
counter measure to practically stop fishing
In the lower river. This in the hope of so
confusing the voters that they will say: "A
plague on both your houses." and defeat
both measures. Then the ft ih wheels In the
narrows could continue fur another few
years to catch about every salmon that
reaches the tanner Columbia.
Leading citizens from all parts of th
state aro the sponsors of the bill stopping
fishing In the narrows of the Columbia. And
these men accepted these duties because jit
Is re n rally known that the nsh wheels are
the main cause of the destruction of our
salmon.
Who Supports Rival Bill"
The bill against lower river fishing is not
fathered by any one on the petition sheets.
Of late. Mr. SeufCrt. of The Dalies, the maa
owning the most destructive wheels in the
river, has commenced to champion it. Now,
Mr. Reufferfs bill In the first section Is
prohibiting night fishing in all channels In
the Columbia and In all channels in the
waters of the state generally, where licensed
vessels navigate. That of course means that
owners of flshwheels and fish trans, which
are stationary gear and not permitted to
operate in channels because if so permitted
they would absolutely prevent navigation
could Ash day and night, while the 4nnfl
gtlnt.t fishermen of the Columbia and another
14)00 gilnet fishermen of other rivers of the
state, If thin law passed, would have to
quit our waters for gllnetttng is only com
mercially profitable if carried on nights, for
then the fish cannot se the webbing of the
glllnet and are caught by being gllled.
It la true that during a certain oart of
cur seasons, the water on account of freshets.
Is muddy and then glllnets also fish during
the daytime. But. the main gillnet fishing
is carried on nlchts. Glllnets drift back
and forth with the tide, are In a channel
one moment, on a sandbar the next. To
exclude them from channels therefore means
their absolute exclusion from our rivers.
Gill nets on an average fish only six hours
out of every 24 that i.i. during slack tides,
Kishwheels and fle lit raps, which are station
ary appliances, are built more or less upon
the principle " of a cattle corral the fl.?h
strike the fences called leads and are led.
into the pot. These stationary appliances
fish continuously) day and night, as, long as.
the fish are running.
Where the glllnet method of fishing only
is permitted, the fish are holding their own
or are on the Increase. Where stationary
appliances are used, like traps and wheels;
the fish are steadily on the decline.
" Stop Fishing Above Tidewater.
Sunday closing laws and other closed sea-'
ions have proved everywhere absolutely
abortive, where fishing was permitted in the
narrows of the rivers either by stationary
or any other kind of gear. Where all fish
ing was stopped at head of tide and station
ary gear abolished, there was Immediate im
provement. It is true that United States Fish Com
mlssionery Bowers, for reasons best known
to himself, but which are opposed by facts
generally known about our fisheries, has seen
fit to oppose the closing of the Upper Co
lumbia, where it Is so narrow that the fish
wheels have a monopoly on nearly every
fish coming along. lie also tried his utmost
to persuade the representatives of The Fish
ermen, of which J was one. last December
at Washington. D. C, not to push the case
for the closing of the Wood and Nushacak
rivers, Alaska cases identical In every point
with the Upper Columbia closing measure
But Mr. Bower's opposition simply strength
ened our determination to light for the
preservation of our Alaskan salmon, for fish
ing in these narrow rivers with tracts and
glllnnts was rapMIy killing off an Industry
which gave employment to million of capi
tal and a large number of workers. We
succeeded In so interesting Oscar S. Strauss.
Secretary of Commvrc-e and Labor, who has
Jurisdiction over the Bureau of Fisheries,
that thnuirh he snnounced at the opening of
the hearing, that on account of stress of
business ho could only open the hearing
and then turn the chairmanship over to the
solicitor of the department, he continuously
presided for two days until the close of the
hearing.
We also succeeded in Interesting Presi
dent Roosevelt, who then ordered the clos
ing of Wood and Nushagak rivers to all
fishing, because these were narrow rivers
emptying into an estuary like our Colum
bia for 'JO miles from the mouth of the river.
Stich men alf-o as Senators Knut Nelson.
1M"9. Fulton and the Alaskan Delegate,
f'a'e. aided us. Likewise, president Jordan,
of Stanford University, whole a special brief
to Secretary Strauss, urging the closing of
the Wood and Nushagak rivers and the abo
lliion of fishing with stationary gear gen
erally in Alaskan streams. Tills was be
cause wher the streams are narrow, sta
tionary tear doe not permit a sufficient
number of salmon to get to the spawning
grounds.
Mr. Bowers was proved wrong as to Alas
kan fisheries. He Is wrong as to the neces
sity and advisability of stopping fishing in
the narrows of the Columbia. The peo
ple by their votes next June will prove that
ha is wrong.
Wheels Are Destructive.
There Is absolute oroof that the flsh
wheels of the Upper Columbia have of late
years had an almost absolute monopoly on
palmon reaching them. The State of Wash
ington, not getting any fish, has closed its
four hatcheries in the Upper Columbia and
Or-gon Is following suit. Where only three
or four years ago these hatcheries got as
high a 20.00 male and frmale salmon,
only a few hundred are now caught and the
natual spawning grounds are also empty
of suawn.
As stated before, slllnets fish only six
hours out of every 24. Also, :n ter cent
of the gillnets on the Columbia fish in the
Lower Columbia from Harrington Point
down lo the ocean, a distance of 18 miles.
Th width of the river in this region Is
from fctur and one-half to six mi Irs. Gill
nets likewise to operate properly, as a rule.
' are about two days out of every seven In
the tanning tanks, then on the net racks to
be dried and repaired, iiillnets catch only
average-slsed ttwh. Fiwhwheels catch every
thing that comes along, big and small fish,
even killing the small salmon on their return
to the ocean. Fish wheels- fish unceasingly
clay and night. s long as any fish are run
ning, because their imuroved mechanism
and ingenious location gives them this ad
vantage. CI 11 net fishermen have always stood for
vekty or other closed- seasons, if they were
sure that the. fish had the least chance to
escape toe gear In Jhe narrows of the upper
part of our rivers In sufficient numbers to
supply our hatcheries and natural spawn
ing grounds. But now. as far as the Colum
bia is concerned, they wish first the question
settled which had to be first wottled in every
other river before any good could come,
via.: where our rivers become narrow, that
no fishing by any one except with hook and
line should be permitted.
Seaside Has a Guesstlng-Bco.
SEASIDE, Or., Jan. 25. tTo the Edi-
tor.) Having plenty of idle time on
their hands, lome of the arithmeticians
of this "burg" spend their leisure in
discussing and solving problems. Here
is one that stumps us and naturally we
appeal to The Oregonian: If it takes
15 plain-clothes men and 42 patrolmen
to miss a man who is committing a
burglary, how many officers will it
take to discover a clue that a child can
And? A question, not mathematical, is:
If a detective is suspected of having a
clue in his possession and is found with
the goods on him. should he be fined for
having stolen goods in his possession,
or acquitted on the ground that sqme
body "rung it in" on him? We do not
wish to "butt in" as regards Portland's
municipal affairs, but we are "stuck.
TOM CRAWFORD.
ERROR OF PROHIBITIONISTS
1$. in Regarding Intemperance as a
Cause, Says Writer.
WASHINGTON, D. C Jan. 20. (To' the
Editor. Permit me to compliment .The
Oregonian on Its excellent and timely re
marks, on the temperance organisation of
the employes of the Northwestern Rail
toad. Undoubtedly the number- of those "sign
ing the- pledge" la greatly exaggerated and
many of those who signed do not seriously
contemplate to really abstain, and many
of those who do honestly intend to abstain
will after a while fail back into the old
habit. Nevertheless, it cannot be doubted
that some good will be accomplished and
that a. number of men will, if not become
voluntary abstainers, at least very moder
ate drinkers. Unquestionably this move
ment will accomplish much mora for tha
cause of temperance than prohibition by
law, because it actually grows out of tha
Industrial and economic conditions of our
time. To a great extent it proves that
temperance la a question of civilisation and
not of legislation.
There was a time, and not eo very long
ago, when men were glorified for being
able to drink the other fellow under the
table. Today such a performance would
create nothing but disgust. It is wonderful
how the habits and customs of the people
have gradually Improved and how sobriety
and decent conduct have become the un
written law of society, without any other
punishment but ostracism from society and
employment.' This unwritten law enforces
Itself without the aid of policemen, con
stables, judges or prisonci, while all our
written temperance laws, no matter how
drastic they are, have shown themselves to
be unenforcable. In fact, the more drastic
and severe they are, the less can they be
enforced.
The reason Is plain enough. The on
written law of civilization coincides with
human nature and the necessities of social
conditions, hut our written temperance laws
do not. Man naturally obeys the laws of
social and economic necessity, but he re
bels against useless coercion through laws
enacted by a casual majority. Modem civ
ilization rigidly demands sobriety, but not
abstinence. Modern society has no use for
the drunkard, but. cares not what a man
eats and drinks so long as bis conduct is
unobjectionable.
It can be truthfully said that our prohib
itory lawe have greatly hampered civiliza
tion In its temperance work. It Is a fact
susceptible of proof, that wherever prohibi
tory laws have been enacted and attempts
made to enforce them, drunkenness has in
creased. The "blind tiger" has taken the
place of the saloon, the bottle that at the
glass, whisky the place of beer. An at
mosphere of private and official corruption,
dishonesty and hypocrisy arose, and de
moralization In politics and administration
of the law followed. No Buch .evils can
result from the temperance work of pro
gressing civilisation. It enforces Its own
laws slowly, but with resistless power, and
with no other results but Improvement of
moral and material conditions. It is a
great pity that civilization cannot be left
alone to do Its great temperance work,
unhindered and unmolested by Imprudent
and zellotlc legislation.
Whether human nature demands alcoholic
stimulants or not, mankind has used them
for thousands of years and has progressed
In knowledge, morals, culture and refine
ment steadily and all the time. It is ri
diculous to believe that a habit thousands
of years old can be eradicated by legislation.
The power of the law Is -very limited.
especially under democratic forms of gov
ernment. Much more powerful than legisla
tion are social conditions. if our zealous
temperance people would use one-tenth of
the time which they use for advocating and
enforcing prohibition, for the purpose of
bettering the living conditions of the poor,
they would do a thousand times more for
true temperance as they -do now. There
Is one great fundamental error In the
theories of Prohibitionists, the confounding
of cause and effect. If they would only
for awhile cease to look at intemperance
merely as a cause, if they would instead
look at It as an effect and make honest and
serious attempts to find the cause, it would
not be long before they .would detect their
errors and find a more fruitful field of.
activity to advance the cause of temperance
than that of prohibitive legislation.
WM. NORTH,
Social Science Club. Washington, D. C.
Two Kinds of Immunity.
PORTLAND. Jan. 26. (To the Editor.)
During our Civil War a youthful Con
federate spy was raptured, in Tennessee,
who promptly swallowed the tissue leaf
which had on It important data. He was
at once tried by court-marshal and con
demned to be executed, but was offered
Immunity if he would divulge the in
formation he possessed concerning the
movements of Bragg' s army. Th is he
scorned to do and was shot, leaving
messages of tondemesa for his sisters and
mother. Of the Union soldiers who wit
nessed the scene, not one but shed tears,
saying the young man was a hero, and.
he was. Any mother might be proud of
such a son.
This, not the only case of the kind
during our dreadful war, is cited by way
of contrast with the man who, being
caught in crime, turns staters evidence
against his companiona in the deed. Such
procedure may sometimes be necessary
to the exposure of criminal conspiracy,
but the fellow who finding in the end
himself smoked 'out, slips the noose to
the neck of his brother that he may save
his own, is not particularly to be admired.
Somehow, people of healthy sentiment
even respect honor among thieves.
C. a CLTXB.
Parcel Post and Tom Richardson.
PORTLAND. Jan. 25. (To' the Editor.)
ttef erring to the recent address of Tom
Richardson, manager of the Commercial
Club, this city. concerning the exten
sion of the parcels post. t wish
say in answer that according to the
same areument. it would still be better
If there were no railroads or telegraphs, as
they bring Chicago and IScw York to three
and four days' time of the West, which
wagon roads would not do, and so give too
many facilities to the people to order and
receive promptly, what is needed. - This re
minds one of a cVrtaln'-country store which
had opposed the improving of the county
rond, for the reason that during the Winter
the farmers could m.t go to town and had
to buy their supplies from said store
PIN HEAD.
NEARLY DROWNS IN WINE
Drunken Workman Saturated by
now From Barrel, i
PARIS. Jan. 8. (Special.) A -worX-lnKman
In this city lias been within an
ace of meeting his death in the manner
attributed to that famous Duke of Clar
ence, who is said to have selected as
his mode of exit from this world
drowning in a butt of wine. The work
man was fond of the juice of the
Scrape, and when he had contrived to
make his way into a well-stocked cel
lar In tUe Belleville quarter -of Paris,
he applied his mouth to the tapir of a
huge barrel, and kept on swallowing;
until he fell down on the floor.
But the wine went on flowing; from
the barrel, and the man bwararso sat
urated that he was with difficulty
aroused from his torpor, but. being unable
to get on his legs, cried out in terror for
help. He was led in a pitiable condition to
the police station, and his offer to
work for the owner of the barrel until
he had niadrt up for the loss thus sus
tained having been relented with con
tempt, he is now in durance vile await
ing trial.
GRANTS PASS -WRITER BLAMES
EDITOR PUTNAM.
Says Criticism of Non-Indictment of
Barnura Was Violent and
Cn justified.
GRANTS PASS, Or.. Jan. 24. (To the
Editor.) Residents of other States, when
they have read the sensational and mis
leading press reports that have been sent
out from Medford, the fierce criticisms of
many of the newspapers of the State and
the walling yet bellicose resolutions of the
Press Club and the Ad Men's Association
of Portland, will be- led to believe that the
liberty of the press Is a thing- of the past
In Oregon, since Editor Putnam, of the
Medford Tribune, was convicted In the Cir
cuit Court and fined by Judee Hanna fqr
criminal libel. And all this stigma, on the
standing of a State, the classing of the
people of Rogue River Valley as ruffians
and the traducing of Judge H. K. Hanna,
has been brought about by the vanity of a
young reporter from Portland, who, being
put In as editor of a small dally paper at
Medford, assumed to dictate in all things,
from minor local matters to bow the courts
should be conducted.
That Judge Hanna would abuse his au
thority as Circuit Judge and attempt to
m utile the press Is not believed at all by
those who have known him In the 22 years
that he has presided over the Circuit Court
for the First District.. In all his rulings
and la his Instructions to Juries. Judge
Hanna has shown himself to be Just and
conscientious and thoroughly posted on the
law. and his decisions have all been held
to be eminently fair and In no Instance
oppressive on the rights of even the most
humble and friendless person. With the
Oregon laws on libel as liberal to the news
papers as they are, and the certainty that
the Supreme Court would reverse his deci
sion. It is not to be presumed that he would
knowingly commit the act of which he Is
accused by the Medford editor. That he
was lenient to the defendant. Putnam, and
did not manifest vlndlctlveness, as asserted
by the latter, is shown by the light punish
ment he imposed only J l.v and no im
prisonment. The statutes of this State pro
vide for both fine and Imprisonment at the
discretion of the court, for criminal libel,
with the minimum fine placed at $100.
The grand Jury that found the Indictment
against Editor Putnam was composed of
seven of the leading citizens of Jackson
County, two of them being business men of
Medford. two of Ashland, one of Jackson
ville and the other two well-known farmers
of that county. The two grand jurymen
from Medford personally -knew Mr. Putnam
and the animus of his charges and voted
for his indictment so It is reported, the
verdict being unlmous. The trial jury that
found him guilty of erimina' libel was com
posed of 12 men, all of g iod standing In
their respective communities In Jackson
County. Deputy Prosecuting Attorney C. I
Reames was known to have no personal
Interest or prejudice in the Reddy-Bamum-Putnam
controversy and prosecuted the
case against the ofTetvdlng editor as re
quired by the statutes of Oregon, which
says "That the prosecuting attorney shall
enrorce me provisions of this act, whether
the injured party desires to prosecute or
not." This section of the statutes is also
mandatory upon the Judge for it says:
"That It hereby Is made the dutv of th
Judge of each Judicial district to read this
section or the statutes to the grand Jury
at each session of the court."
That .the charges made by the young edi
tor of being persecuted is not believed here,
where both sides of the case are known, is
proven by the fact that of the 18 news
papers published in Southern Oregon, only
the Medford Tribune, edited by the defend
ant, has censured the Court. All the other
editors, as well as the leading attorneys
and citizens of Southern Oregon, commend
me action or tne court and agree that the
verdict Is just and fully deserved and that
It is a most salutory check upon the yel
low Journal .methods of the Medford
Tribune.
The unusual feature connected with this
now famous case of alleged press-gagging
for It has been heralded all over the coun
try by Oregon papers and tha Associated
Press Is that the defendant, himself,
should be the correspondent to supply the
Portland papers with the reports of the
Reddy-Bamum fracas and of his comments
thereon and jf his arrest and conviction.
Having an elastic conscience, he so colored
his reports from both Medford and Jack
sonville, for he used both date lines, that
the public has been lef to believe that he
was In the right and that he Is being per
secuted. A parallel case of the public
Passing adverse Judgment on the action of
a court would no doubt have occurred had
Abe Ruef sent out the press reports from"
Sah Francisco concerning his misdeeds pnrf
arrest. That astute politician would have
led the world to believe that he and his
crowd were being persecuted, and thst
Judge Dunne was a tyrant and Mr. Heney
a merciless, unscrupulous prosecutor. Had
the Portland papers had an unbiased ac
count of this Jackson County affair, there
would have been no uproar about the tyr
anny of Judge Hanna and the undue rigor
of the Oregon libel laws.
The causes that led up to the closing of
the dictatorial career of the young Medford
editor are many. The first was an effort on
the part of Dr.l Reddy and others to
purchase the Medford & Jacksonville Rail
road, of which W. S. Barnum is owner. A
disagreement took place between Dr. Reddy
and Mr. Barnum over the sale and over an
application that Mr. Barnum had made to
the City Council of Medford to move his
depot. Dr. Reddy being Mayor of Medford.
A street fracas between the two was the
sequence, and this gave occasion to the
cartoons In the papers of an ax not being a
deadly- weupon. Dr. Keddy's remarks be
coming too pointed to suit Mr. Barnum, and
accepting a dare, the latter climbed down
from his locomotive, on which he -was split
ting wood, with an ax In his hand.- At
that the doctor fled precipitately across the
street. The railroad man had but two
steps to make to reach the curb, but there
he stopped, the deep mud in the street de
terring him from further pursuit, and
tossed his ax at the fleeing man, it landing
in the middle of the street as the doctor
was emerging on the other side.
Charges were preferred before the grand
Jury, then In session st Jacksonville, accus
ing Mr Barnum with assault and with
using a deadly weapon. The grand jury
examined all the witnesses of whjch they
had knowledge, who had seen the fracas,
among them being Mr. Putnam, editor of
the Medford Tribune. A full and fair hear
ing was given, the case occupying three
days, when the grand jury arrived at the
conclusion that the alleged murderous
assault was merely a street fracas with no
Intent on the part of the defendant to do
bodily harm, and returned not a true bill.
To this action on the part of the grand
Jury. Editor Putnam took exception, and
he fiercely criticised the grand Jury and
the deputy prosecuting attorney. For this,
the grand Jury, which was yet In session,
promptly Indicted the young editor for crim
inal libel. ' His trial took place within a
few days. In the Circuit Court. Judge
Hanna allowed Mr. Putnam everv advan
tage permitted by law in the trial, and
In his charge to the trial Jury the Judge
was extremely fair and Impartial. In his
defense Mr. Putnam was allowed to testify
in his own behalf, and stated thst he wit
nessed the fracas between Dr. Reddy and
Mr. Barnum and that it was murderous and
an outrage and that In his opinion the
grand Jury was wrong in finding not a true
bill in the matter. He then sought to in
troduce other witnesses, whom he claimed
were eye-witnesses to the fracas, notwith
standing that be had stated in his paper
that there were but two persons present at
the time of the trouble between Dr. Reddy
and Mr. Barnum. and he proposed to try
out the Reddy-Bamum case before the trial
Jury In bis own case as a Justification of
his accusation of corruption of the grand
jury.
This Judge Hanna refused to admit, his
ruling oeing that a trial of the Reddy-
Barnum case before the trial Jury in the
T..taA., m .
uiumii vnorj vtiuu nut m any way bud-.
stantiate the charge of corruption against
the grand -jury, for at most It would only
indicate that the members of the grand Jury
were mistaken if the trial Jury failed to
agree with them. If Mr. Putnam had of
fered any evidence tending to show that
the grand jury acted from, corrupt or venal
motives !n any particular. Judge Hanna an
nounced that he would gladly permit it
to be shown. But he could not under the
law admit evidence before the trial jury
that was not before the grand jury. Other
witneese-s were examined. Including Oswald
West, state railroad commissioner, who saw
the row between Dr. Reddy and Mr. Bar
num. F1e of the grand jurors also were
witnesses in the Putnam trial, and they
eacn testtnea that they investigated the
matter fully and fairly and in their best
Judgment returned not a true -bill.
The real purpose of all this uproar over
the Putnam affair is to influence the Legis
lature at the ncit session to repeal the libel
law. or to so modify it that grafUngdomi
neerlng newspapers can- publish anything
regardless of truth or motive Involved,.
Thls class of newspapers are hoping for the
return of the days like when certain black
mail sheets of Portland and others of their
tvpe over the State levied tribute right
and left. "While hiding their motives under
the plea of the defense of the liberty of the
press, these newspaper buccaneers are en
listing the sympathy and co-operation of
many honorable editors and others, and it
not checked in their scheme they will
carry their measure through the Legisla
ture, and then every prominent man or
measure will be at the mercy of any black
mailing sheet that chooses to attack.
CHARL.ES MESERVB.
This letter does not touch the question
at issue, namely. Why was the finding
of a grand jury declared conclusive and
indisputable by the court which was try
ing Putnam for his alleged libelous
criticism of the grand Jury's action and
why was lie forbidden to introduce testi
mony bearing; on the nature of the as
sault for which the grand Jury declined
to Indict Barnum? Without entering the
dispute over the nature of the assault,
it may be said that the laws do not give
this conclusive authority to a grand jury,
which Judge Hanna assigned tto the
grand Jury that declined to .Indict
Barnum.
AMERICA IS LIKE ROME
Mr. Andrews Finds Basis for His
torical Comparison.
EUGENE, Or., Jan. 24. (To the Editor.)
I was much struck with the comparison
in one of The Oregonlan'a late editorials of
Tvre and Carthage with our own nation.
This was with regard to the objective point
In their growth, or aa the French say, the
motif.
Carthage's purpose wae that of the ma
terial, with but little regard to the ideal
or definitive rights of ita citizenship. It
elng more nearly an aristocracy than a
apublic. Is there a tendency in iaat ai
rectlon In the American republic? Some
think so, and there is some evidence that
way, but America is after all grounded on
tha moral and legal basis, which, after all.
Is based fundamentally on the principles of
the Christian religion, which was the main
if not the sole factor in the civilizing of
our Anglo-Saxon and othef European an
cestors. There is now evident a process of curbing
the extreme tendencies of commercialism.
Roosevelt's popularity could never have ob-.
tained Its success if the heart of the Na
tion, had not, . at base, been sound. ' The
Oregonlan's comparison raises many aerious
questions. Included among them are:
What measures, are necessary to stem the
currents which weaken the nationality? It
Is apparent that our troubles come largely
'from a too sudden accumulation of great
wealth In either Individuals or associations.
Complicated -with -it are certain forms of
legal procedure and Institution, which we
have In a measure outgrown. But there is
not yet either the stimulus or leadership to
bring about the necessary changes. Of
course this will take time.
As between Home and Carthage, the
American republic more nearly resembles
Rome. The latter, though based on the
material as were nearly all nations at that
period still had certain Ideals, some of
which were the product of her own loca
tion and circumstances, and others which
she had carried over frojn Greece and
through Greece from further east, and
wWch prevailed during her prime.
This country today is experiencing some
tendency of absorption of mental Ideals from
other nations, and it must be confessed by
those who study history, and the effect of
religious, political and other ideals upon the
social as well as physical welfare of the
people, that much of thla Intellectual food
we are taking over is not only absurd, but
dangerous. Much of It has a tendency to
draw the people or certain classes away
from the practical and natural, and so un
fit them to cope with the facts and needs
of life. We are both mental and physical
and both must be developed In their places,
or we are weakened both Individually and
nationally. Those Individuals or nations who
give the supremacy to the mental and spir
itual generally, prevail over the commer
cial ones In the struggle for development or
empire, provided they do not neglect the
physical stamina as the basis of their life
and development. Faddlsm and artifice
are at present tending to "go to seed" In
all kinds of "loop the loop" and other tran
scendental nonsense.
M. T. ANDREWS,
TREATING 'HABIT, TO GO
Work of Catliollc Church Societies
Is Warmly Indorsed.
PORTLAND. Jan. 25. (To the Editor.)
Though at this late hour it may seem but
an afterthought, yet I would voice my in
dorsement and hearty approval of the
movement Inaugurated in the Cathnlio n.
cletles to abolish the treating 'habit, which
is Deyona aoum one ot tne most prolific
evils attending; the saloon business.
It Is painful to contemplate so great an
evil frrowinr out of the finest ln.tinr.ts
manhood. The spirit of liospitalltv nnrt
friendly intercourse the desire to dis
charge social obligations, which prompts a
man to return a courtesy, as he may regard
a treat. To eliminate this practice, so dis
astrous to many, will free men from what
has been regarded as an obligation due from
man to man. .
Not seldom have outsiders huri .
stigma of stinginess and discourtesy cast
upon a man, merely because he had never
been known to treat at the bar. in some
places, if a marrlre, or a birth or death
t f 1 anow occurs In a man's house
hold, he is expected to go to a saloon and
treat the crowd.
How beautiful that the advent of a
child Into the world should be heralded
by a drunken mob. made so by the treats
passed round on account of its coming into
existence! Is It any wonder that children
2.7,1. otV? ,hOUm
With the great bodv nr fatten.
re "forced by the many others that wlli
Join them set against It. we may all
n.,',".. J""".. tMa moBt PWnlclouY aid
.2Eee. habit Wl" "e.wept out of
MARY OSBORN DOUTHET.
Moser and His "Record."
PORTLAND. Jan. 25. (To the IMItnr
Some weeks ago. In an ' eSltorial m yow
kTTh.t I hndCntaUy. referred .
ng tftat I had been for free silver I a.n
rSiin th,te tan& ? while SnSS
a misapprehension as to the facts, and know
ing your desire to deal fairly with "verVone
office, and that you would not wilfully mis
state my record, nor mislead the public; 1 re
pectfuUy ask that you publish this state
ment by me of the actual facts.
i,. nver in l"y nte was for freo stiver. I
have , jmpported every Republican candidate for
President since before I was oll enough to vote.
In 190 I was one of the first to take the
stump for McKlnley. and sound money, and
made many Bpeecbes during the campaign In
bo,h Oregon and Washington. The files of
The Oregonian will verify this statement.
I have been criticised because in the last
10 years I have voted for a few Democrat
How many Republicans of this city can stand
forth and truthfully say they have never
done eo? Everyone familiar with local po
litical history knows that they are very, very
few. When one faction won at the primaries
the other was always flirting with the Demo
crats, and several times' fused and nominated
a citizen' or so-called non-partisan ticket. If
you read out of the party every Republican
w'ho ha ever voted for one or more Demo
crats you will have no Republican party left
in Multnomah County.
Since the direct primary law has been In
effect I have at tarh election loyally supported
the straight Republican ticket, and addressed
perhaps as many meetings in support thereof
as any Republican can In the county. And
I venture to say that not 1 per cent of the
Republicans of thi county have any clearer
Republican record than I have.
I have also been accused of being In a
dal with the Democrats, or with Mr. Man
ning. I desire to say in conclusion, that this
is ansoxuteiy nntrue. if elected to the ef-
fic of District Attorney, for which I am
b ranillrlnl wtt1isi- Vfr- Uonnl n
a candidate, neither Mr. Mann in ar nor anv
other Democrat will have the slightest claim
upon me or the office. . And I promise, upon
my honor, that every deputy In the office
will be a Republican.
- GUS. C. MOSER.
O'Brien Will Mart Buckley.
J. P. CTBrierf. general manager for the
Harriraan lines in .this territory, left
Portland last night fn his private car
for Grants Pass, where he will meet Gen
eral Superintendent Buckley, of the Ore
gon lines, and accompany him north on
a trip of Inspection of the Southern Pa
cific line In the state. Mr.. Buckley la
returning from a trip to San Francisco.
Inspect Rosenthal's shoe store win
dows and get busy.
RISER CALENDARS BAXF PRICE.
Original photos. 28 Alder at.
SCORES SIBBILTH PLAN
1VRITEK DISCUSSES A XEW
MEANS TO RAISE KETEXCE.
Constitutional Amendment by In
itiative Proposed by Oregon Re
form Association Is Unfair.'
VERKOXIA. Or.. Jan. 24. (To the Editor.
This letter is addressed to the Oregon
Tax Reform Association, of Portland. Or.
Some tune ago I received a copy of the
proposed amendment to the state consti
tution, requesting me to circulate and se
cure signatures to the same. But. in notic
ing a few of the names at the heading of
this petition and being slightly acquainted
by reputation with the Individuals named,
I at once looked with suspicion upon the
proposed amendment, and by reading be
tween the lines I fully satisfied myself that
no real good could come to the people .
through such a source.
It was stated in your circular letter 'that
quite a number of the voters of this slate
do not clearly understand that the real
purpose of this amendment Is a step in the
direction of relieving taxation from all in
dustry." Now. it is quite possible that
there are some that do not understand this,
and I for one, can see no step in that di
rection. But. on the other hand. I can
clearly see where It will enrich the manu
facturers ot Oregon at the expense of in
dustry. As the men, capitalist, who own
these factories never do produce a dollar's
worth of labor themselves, they will get
the full benefit of the non-taxable property,
set their own price upon their manufactured
article, and will reap a golden harvest from
this amendment to our constitution. I also
not In the fifth paragraph of your communi
cation that as "railroad corporations, tele
graph and telephone companies, electric
nlants and street railways have secured
enormously valuable franchises which, are
land values, ana nave capiianzea meae
franchises' for multiplied millions of dol
lars, they have almost wholly escaped tax
ation. Thus the State of Oregon has been
driven to extremities in seeking revenue
for the support of government and public
utilities and conveniences. Every Increase
In taxation has been an increase of burden
upon labor and nroducta of labor." I will
accept this as fact but not as argument,
as It has no bearing on the point at Issue.
It is the fault or our Assessors ssia tne
Rord of Equalization, and not the fault
of our pystem. Under your system we would
be exactly under tne same obnoxious - state i
of affairs. Therefore I would consider this
as misleading and a motive on your par !
to beguile the eye of the ublic to side
track them from the real point at issue.
I also note in your letter where you state
"that the tax win oe sngntiy neavier upon
speculative holdings." Why do you speak
of the tax upon this property as being slight
ly heavier, when you know full well that
if the burden of taxation is d laced upon
the land values, it would naturally dis
courage the sale of land and practically
put the timber-owners of Westr.rn Oregon
out of business?
I wish you to tf.ke into consideration the
holdings of these timber men. Tha land,
while being held by the Government, brought
the state no revenue whatever. Until taken
up bv the settlers tinder the Homestead and
timber acta the holdings referred to in
the majority of cases were found to be
impracticable and in some cases impossible
to make homes, and in its crude condition
it becomes impossible to properly develop
the resources of this land.
Now comes the speculator looking for an
Investment. He offers the claim-holder a
marketable price for his claim and the set
tler is generally glad to dispose of his land
and put the money into other holdings. The
result is that several large tracts of land
fell in the hands of the speculator In this
way. Now. are we as citiaens of Oregon
going to sacrifice our honor by putting forth
such a measure that will over-burden these
timber-owners, for the sole purpose of en
riching another class f caoltalista I say
no, never 1 let us be men not mice. Iet us
not go to the polls with both eyes bandaged,
and vote for a measure that will defile our
glorious constitution- which we have all
prospered under for the last half century.
It Is also stated in yur letter that news
paper criticism of the proposed exemption
of manufacturing plants is based on misin
formation, as the amount of taxes derived
from this source is comoaratlvely small. I
would like to- ask any well-informed man
what the present valuation is of the build
ings, machinery and appurtenances thereto
used for the manufacturing in the State of
Oregon? And let the public Judge for them
selves as to whether it is a trilling matter
to raise funds to carry on our state and
municipal governments.
My interpretation of this would be to ex
empt from taxation all sawmills, shingle
mil Is. box factories, woolen mills, paper
mills,-foundries, machine shops, creameries,
flour mills, sugar factories, stove works,
and many other plants too numerous to men
tion I fully understand that your real
motive for setting forth the petition named
is not so much to induce new enterprises
to be established in Oregon as it is to re
lieve the present established factories from
this "trifling" burden of taxation factories
that pay on full valuation.
I believe thia to be the most fair aystem
of taxation ever established on the globe
I care not whether it be the Henrv George,
George Henry or the J. Gould system that
you are advocating. I am arguing the point
as it comes before us in the wording of
your petition, a petition that is wrong, and
conflicts with itself.
Inasmuch as you endeavor to set forth
that your svstem will relieve all taxation
upon Industry and place it principally upon
land values, define the word "industry" if
you please and see where you stand. Lnd
of itself hps no value without the aid of
Industry It takes both industry and labor
to develop thla land, so as to make it pro
duce l-and combined with Industry is the
source of all wealth, and we should not
tax one without taxing the other. There
fore tilling the soli is an Industry, which,
under your svstem would place upon it the
burden of taxation by taking It from an
other class of industry. This would naturally
discourage the purchase of land in the
country for the building up of bomes that
would be seir-suppoii.tiB-
A laboring man who builds a home in
the city, consisting only of a house and
lot is always tumniu w . .
corporation in order to maintain himself
and xamiiy.
As to unused lands, held for speculation
or any otner purjjv. i
tern we are receiving what our Assessor
deems a full valuation iax. out
mind that If these lands are overburdened
with taxation, as under your system they
certainly would be. In the majority of cases
the owners would find slow sale tor this
. . A ... at.ri would refuse to nay
Therefore, the county in which
these lands are situated would be compelled
to dispose oi mem nn5" "
. - . .1 TiaMrriniiB trnriL &S
Uwould eventually put the second man in
the same position a vn. ,,
Government has contracts with the railroad
11 thsU lanrl fnr n. ntlnulated
companies io bii - '
price snd thesa 'r'c',.,lrLJaJ'1!;.
not eniorce meso vji.' .
officer, in Oregon whose duty It Is to enter
. . ihMi nnnniii and it neees-
a compiaini asfiiv ......
sarv take it to the United States Supreme
t w thia matter we would be no
ouri- r:i 7 nr svstem of tax
netter oa uy Tn tma Une would
ation. i uui a., p, w
appear to me as thoueh you were begging
For something to. say in supnort ot your
"""w'ish to call attention to the fact that
all over Oregon many largo inn. ui ...
are being subdivided Into small tarms.
an lnaucemeni - v-- w --
eneaEe in agricultural pursuit. An immense
rStiotrom the Middle West and the
eastern portion -----. ,h.
tinuauy commg i v, j ----
sort of development that the State is most
i AEAn tims mm nil farm
In neea oi at v,-
products are high, and this class of people
8 As to the manufacturing plants, the State
of Oregon is noi buuwhis w
as transportation is at such a slump that
it Is impossible for factories that are al
ready established to get their product to
market. Your argumom. w.-v a.uu..v
niri tiay better wages for labor if
t.tt, tfljraJion is absolutely absurd
Being a laboring man for a good many
vears and having worked In the machine
j ;H- n Tit 1 n ri T thin 1r
Fnops ana sw1i,,,. ' ;
that I know something of the nature of
the men by wnom wa
I wish to say to the laboring man f
n i. i. o hnva atf a tmnt matin hv
ures'in iuki mo - -
the Tax Reform Association, Is misleading
and is J? t,.l V.rfw rr-J'Z
.ng-eong ox
coula pa niuiD uui ...aw. "
do they get immensely rich from the profits
. . i .,hll. von aro ho.rp.lv mn.1 fn r
OI your lauui , - " - . "
a living? As for exempting the tools of
the workingman, I would only be too glad
to see a measure of this kind. But how
tne iramer ui " u-vvnv
to think of inserting this in their measure
is no mystery i mw, - iw" mciw
is an election to be held in June!
We as farmers and tillers of the soil are
we realise how these estimable persons are
from taxation all our personal property and
gather us under one arm, as a hen gather- j
eth her brood under her wing. We also
realise the joker when we peep around th J
corner ana see a big. fat ouncn or manu
facturing capitalists under the other arm.
Oh! what a glorious thing It is to be born
Jn a free country, where a man is not com
pelled to use his common reasoning facul
ties when he has none! I sincerely hope
that when any man or set of men sets about
to change a thing of so vital Importance
as our State constitution, that they should
at least endeavor to harmonise it with our
Federal constitution, which is founded on
the principal of "equal rights to all and
special privileges to none."
Now, you will wonder what "old muh
roqm this Is who has sprung up here in
the 'brush, trying to write something for
publication. Well. I am just an old rancher,
and when you people run ut of something
to do. you may come out and help me saw
wood for a few days, and I will convince
you In a very short time that our present
system of taxation places no premium -on
inaoience on my rancn. I will give you
plenty to eat, all the' cider and big red
apples you want, good accommodation, and
also make you think of something else be
sides changing the State constitution. I
am for taxation upon all wealth.
E. E. NICKERSON.
SOLAR PLEXUS FOR SALOON
Correspondent Describes the "Xew
Prohibition" Movement.
CANBY. Or.. Jan. 28. (To the Editor.)
The recent agitation in Portland concern
Ins; the matter ot women viltlncr liquor
saloons, and the editorial tn last Wednes
day'a Oregonian. entitled "Women and
Saloons," are, from some points of view,
almost startling. They are surely alarming-
to tn liquor dealers as being; one
more blow from the giant Prohibition
sledgehammer. If this movement. In Its
legislative ramifications, shall spread to
any great extent or take on very large
proportions, it may come to be known
as the new prohibition.
The above-mentioned editorial was
somewhat too brief to be satisfactory
either to the Prohibitionists or to the
liquor element. Some reason should have
been given why "the ordinary drinking
place" Is so much worse for women than
for men. Furthermore, why is it not true
that the man, as well as the "woman,
who finds the saloon attractive, is already
ruined In all essentials." the final climax
being "a mere detail?"
The expressions Quoted amark nf that
double standard of morality which has
been discarded by the noblest manhood
and womanhood of our countrv as belnsr
degrading and demoralizing, entailing
mannoia sorrow and decreasing self
respect. If "a woman who finds ih.
saloon attractive is already ruined in
ail essentials," It can be said with equal
truthfulness that the more attractive tha
saloon becomes to a man. and the more
frequently he Indulges In Its allurements,
the nearer that man is to the brink of
utter ruin. Whenever a woman is ruined
In a saloon, at least one man is ruined at
the same time. .
As for "an ordinance forblddinr women
to visit saloons," we are told by some
that Prohibition does not prohibit. How
woma it be possible to enforce such a.
prohibitory ordinance any more success
fully than the laws prohibiting the liquor
trainc itseir? will Prohibition prohibit
more effectively In the case of women,
than In the case of saloonkeepers In gen
eral? And as for the continuance of those
practices which have created the present
nostuity to saloons, they are bound to
continue as long as intoxicating Honors
and kindred poisonous stimulants and
narcotics are handed out and consumed
by our people.
True enough, many Ilauordealers are
scheming with desperate eagerness to
abolish some of the pernicious practices
of saloon-life, but why in the name of
reason were they not In earnest about
such a reform years ago? Why did they
wait until they wre scared Into it? The
circumstances connected with the incep
tion ot tnis proposed reform are such that
it seems highly Improbable that its motive
goes deeper than a sense of alarmed self-
interest. It may be true that the more
reckless class of liquor sellers "trlve tha
saloon Its evil reputation," btit neither
they nor their colleagues are responsible
for the evil essence of the saloon. The
saloon Is Ipso facto an evil institution;
ana, . as tne editorial says, our people
win not always tolerate It.
'No saloon which women visit can fail
to be a hot-bed of indecency." Too true!
And no saloon can fall to be the breeding-
ground of vice and crime, be It visited by
men, women or children. All persons who
visit the saloon and. participate in its
peculiar life and activities, are in the
process of dropping "to the level of Its
worst habitues." On every ground, the
law should do Its utmost to abolish the
saloon. MRS. PEARL I WEBER.
PILES GETS GOOD ADVICE
Jfot What He Was Looking for Ex
actly, However.
OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU. Wash
ington, Jan. 26. The representatives of
the Alaska-Tukon-Paclflc Exposition
and the other members -of the Wash
ington Congressional delegation have
been enjoying a joke at the expense
of Senator Piles. When the repre
sentatives of the Exposition reached
Washington during the holiday recess
they saw the various members of the
Congressional delegation, and proposed
that a joint meeting be held to de
"Open All the Time"
ABSOLUTE
SAFETY
OFFERED
DEPOSITORS
No interest' paid on
commercial accounts or
daily balances.
4r
INTEREST
Paid on Term Savings
Accounts
By the old gold-
and tested
-tried
German-American
Bank
Corner Sixth and Atder Sts
Opposite Oregonlasu
termine upon a plan of pressing the
pending Mil appropriating upwards of
a million dollars for Government build
ings and a Government exhibit at Seat
tle. Senator Piles, who introduced the
bill in the Senate, would not consent to
such a meeting. "We must not meet."
he said, "until I can have a talk with
Representative Tawney, chairman of
the House committee on appropriations.
Me has promised to give me good,
straight advice on this matter, and un
til I know what he recommends. I do
not think it wise for our delegation to
take any action."
Out of deference to the Senator's
wishes the meeting was postponed. The
conference with Tawney was put off
from tine to time, until just a few days
ago. when Senator Piles chanced to
catch him with a few leisure moments.
"Now. Mr. Tawney," said the Senator,
"I wish you would tell me frankly
what our delegation should do to get
our bill through as early as possible.
Representatives of the Exposition are
here and want to help, but I advised
them to do nothing until I had a talk
with you. Now what do you advise?"
"Don't ask for much money that's
all," said Tawney.
RECORD CROP OF ORANGES
Estimated Output Will Reach Enor
mous Sam of 30,000 Carloads.
6 AN FRANCISCO. Cal.. Jan. 26. The
orange harvest of (California la now In
full season and. in quantity and quality
promises to break all records. The fruit
exchanges of the state estimate that the
total output of oranges alone will reach
the enormous sum of 30,000 carloads,
about 9,000.000 boxes, and 1,380.000,000
oranges. The harvest will last continu
ally until next Fourth of July.
Lester Herrick & Herrick
Certified
Public Accountants
Office
Wells Parse Building. .
Othe Offices
San Francisco.... .Merchants Exchange
Seattle Alaska Building
Los Angeles Union Trust Building
New Tork SO Broad Street
Chicago 189 La Salle Street
WHEN TRAVELLING
be prepared for any emer
gency. Take along
loan's
ifiiflietit
It's a penetrating, antiseptic
remedy for Toothache, Neu
ralgia, Sprains, Bruises, Cuts,
Burns, Insect . Bites and
Rusty Nail Scratches.
. frlc; 25c, 60c, anil $1.00.
Dr. Earl S. Sloan, Boston, Mass.
VI ''in 1 -nf nn mm d 1 m 11 1 ivf i f '
KIDNEY-CURE TEA
W. J. VAN DAMME.
It will cure all cases (including chronic)
of kidney and liver diseases. 1 sell my
kidney cure (Just a tea. no medicine) on the
condition of "No cure,' money refunded."
Call at office and read testimonials of per
sons cured by the use of this tea. A trial
will convince any sufferer. Put up In tiOc
and $1.10 bottles. 1S5 Morrison street, near
bridge, next tn Pap's coffee house.
TRAVELERS' GUIDE.
rOBTLAJJD RT UOBT POWER CO.
- CAKS USAVE.
Ticket Office and Waitlng-Room,
First and Alder titrssts
FOB
Oregon City 1:00. 6:23, T:00. T:S5.
8-10 s:45. K:aO. t:65. 10:B0, 11:05. 11:40
A M.: 12:15. 12:50. 1:25. 2:00. 2:35, 8:10.
8:45 4:20. 4:55, 5:30, 6:05. 6:40. 7:15.
7:50. 8:25. 9:00. 10:00. 11:00. 12:00 P. U.
Gresham. Borinc. Eagle Creek, Esta
eada. Cazadero, lairview and Xroutdata
73o, v:3o. 11:30 A. M.; 1:0. 8:40.
8:44. t:18 P. M. '
rOH VANCOUVER.
Ticket office and waiting-room Second
and Washington streets.
A. M. 6:15V 6:00. T:35. 8:00, 8:35,
8:10, :50. 10:30, 11:10, 11:50.
P. M. 12:30. 1:10. 1:10, 1:30. 3:10.
8:50. 4:30. 5:10, bjbO. 6:30. 7:05, 7:40.
8:15, 8:25, 10:35t. 11:45.
On Third Monday in Every Month the
Ist Car Leaves ut 7:05 P. M.
Daily. except Sunday. Daily except
Monday
San Francisco & Portland Steamship Co.
Only direct steamers to San Francisco.
Only ocean steamers sailing by daylight.
From Ainsworth Dock. Portland. 4 P. M. :
8. S. COSTA RICA. Jan. 80., etc.
8. 8. HENATOlt, eb. 5. 17, 28. etc.
From Spear-street Whart, San Francisco.
11 A. M.
St. S. SENATOR, Jan. 31. Feb. 12, 24. etc.
S. 6. COSTA Kit' A. l'eb. 6, 18. etc.
JAS. H. DEWSON, Agent.
Ainsworth Dock. Mala 268.
CANADIAN PACIFIC
EMPRESS JUNE OF THE A1XANTIC.
The Empresses sail from Quebec to
Liverpool; two (lays on the majestic St.
lyawrenco and less than four days at
sea- fast and luxurious. Write (or
Summer salllnsr lists, rates and Infor
mation. K- JOHNSON. P. A.,
142 Third St., Portland. Or.
North Pacific S. S. Co's. Steamship
Koanoke and Geo. W. Elder
tiail lor .eureka, ban .Francisco and
Los Angeles direct every Thursday
at 8 P. M. Ticket office 132 Third
St., near Alder. Both phone, M.
1314. H. Young, Agent
COOS BAY LINE
The steamer BREAKWATER leaves Port
land every Wednesday at 8 P. M. from Oak
tieet dock, for NortH Bend, AlwraUUeid nod
Coos Bay points. Freight received till 4 P.
j on day of sailing, passenger fare, first
class, $10; second-class, ST, including berth
and meals. Inquire city ticket office. Third
and Washington street, or Oak-street dock.
WILLAMETTE RIVER ROUTE
Ptenroer Pomona for alem. Independence.
Albany and Corvallls, leaves Tuesday.
Thursday and Saturday at 6:45 A. M-
earner Oregonia for Salem and way land
ings, leaves Monday. Wednesday and Friday
at 6:45 A. If.
UUKGON CITI TRANSPORTATION CO
Office and Dock Foot Taylor Street.
Phone: Ualn 40: 223i-
mas WTW-;