8
THE MOUSING OREGON IAN, - SATURDAY, - JANUARY 25, 1908.
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PORTLAND, SATURDAY. JAN. 85. 1908.
'A SUMMARY. THUS FAR.
The testimony developed, thus far
In the prosecution of Hall and Maya
by Heney has this meaning;, viz.;
Hall, Fulton and Brownell were
playing for advantages in politics,
and Steiwer, Mays and others were
playing for protection of themselves
from the consequences of their un
lawful transactions in public lands.
In this second side of it Brownell was
concerned also.
Steiwer's testimony is very direct,
as. far as it goes. He had a voto in
the Legislature to -e angled for; and
over him was the shadow of prosecu
tion, which might be either civil or
criminal. Naturally he would" use his
position as a member of the Legis
lature, having a vote for United
States Senator, to protect himself as
far as he could. Brownell also was
a member of the Legislature, under
similar shadow, and likewise, was
playing for protection. Also, he
wanted to be District Attorney, in
place of Hall; but Hall held the cudgel
of these accusations over htm, on the
one hand, and on the other a promise
of friendship and protection. If he
would yield. But Fulton was pledged
to Brownell, and it had to be "ar
ranged." Many letters passed between the
various parties, some of which have
been brought forth, and it is believed
others will be. Steiwer testified that
Fulton had endeavored to induce Hall
to bring a civil suit Instead of a crim
inal prosecution, and that Fulton had
written to him (Steiwer) a letter to
this effect: which letter Fulton sub
sequently asked Steiwer to return to
him, which he did. Following these
negotiations between the various
parties. Hall filed a civil suit, which,
however, never was concluded.
This is a simple, though analytical
summary of the testimony thus far
presented. It la a tangled skein, dif
ficult to follow; but The Oregonlan
will offer no comment till the whole
shall have been concluded. It is sup
posed there will be much more docu
mentary evidence submitted; for,' if
a case is to be made out It must be
Bald It is by no means yet complete.
Much of the testimony relates to
political operations conducted by the
various parties, but the charge
against the defendants is that they
failed in their official duty in that
they did not prosecute men who had
unlawfully enclosed public land. The
testimony as to political matters is
introduced for the purpose of show
ing why they did not. The alleged
conspiracy lies In all these circum
stances.' ROSES XN THE PARK BLOCKS.
Of' course, to plant the park blocks
to roses, in a burst of enthusiasm, to
care for them one year and then
neglect them forever afterward,
would be regrettable. If roses are
planted In park blocks, or anywhere
else, thev must be watered, fertilized,
pruned and plucked; and these tasks
must be repeated year after year "lth
unceasing diligence or the bushes be
come an eyesore instead of an orna
ment. The number of bushes planted
In the park blocks should consequent
ly be accurately proportioned to the
means, the permanent means, of car
ing for them. Whether more than
the three blocks which the park
board has set aside for this purpose
could be satisfactorily looked after
next year la a question for the experts
to answer.
One thing is certain. The people
living by the parks will not take care
-of the roses. They might do so spas
modically. In fits of enthusiasm; but
not as a dally, inexorable task. If
the roses are cared for it must be by
people who are paid for It. Hence
they will be neglected unless funds
are provided.
' In the opinion of The Oregonian
these funds could be secured without
serious difficulty. No more beautiful
ornament could be placed In the park
blocks than hedges and beds of roses
properly looked after. Nothing could
be imagined more attractive to tour
ists. To be sure the primary purpose
of these blocks is to secure breathing
places for adults and especially for
children. With this purpose nothing
should be permitted to interfere. The
larger part of the area in every block
should be planted to grass and kept
in healthy turf. But we apprehend
that long rose hedges with here and
there a great bed ' of bloom such as
one,, may see in the State park at
SaTem, would not spoil the blocks as
breathing places and playgrounds. It
seems more likely that they would
be an improvement.
Park blocks become ugly places to
look upon unless they are treated
somewhat formally and kept with a
certain neatness. They are notso
suitable . for playgrounds as other
areas, especially reserved for the pur
pose, may be made. The best prac
tice is to purchase tracts which are
not part of the street and open them
freely to the children. ' The Ore
gonian hopes that the authorities
may see their way to : encourage the
planting of abundant roses in most
of the park blocks.
TOWTN'O THROUGH THE STRAITS. -
The Straits of Magellan, for which
the Pacific squadron is now heading,
were discovered in 1520, and although
the distance through the straits from
ocean to ocean is but 300 miles and
there Is an immense saving of time
over that lost by the route around
Cape Horn, very few sailing vessels
attempt the passage. In the centuries
since Magellan sailed through to the
Pacific the sea in the vicinity of Cape
Horn has levied a fearful toll on
shipping and on human life, but,
strange as it may seem, not until the
present age of steam on the ocean,
has there been any definite plan for
aiding sailing vessels to make use of
the straits. It was announced in
Monday's Oregonian that a company
had been formed in Denmark to place
a number of tug boats in the straits
and tow sailing vessels through from
ocean to ocean In about 38 hours.
As it now requires from two weeks
to two months for a vessel to beat
around the Horn it Is apparent that
a great saving can be effected. It Is
not only the saving In time that will
be considered, but there will also be
a great saving in the cost of . insur
ance, for it Is stated that an average
of -ten ships and approximately 300
men are lost every year in attempting
to round the Horn. The project Is
one of more than passing Interest to
Portland and other North Pacific
ports, for the North Pacific grain
trade now gives employment to a
larger fleet of sailing vessels round
the Horn than from any other port
on earth. These vessels quite natur
ally at times encounter heavy weather
In other parts of the ocean, but good
weather in that storm-haunted region
is so rare that it is the exception and
not the rule. By towing through the
passage the average time of the voy
age to European porta would be ma
terially shortened, the insurance risk
would be smaller and in consequence
there would be a saving through
lower rates.
In connection with the coming pas
sage of Admiral Evans' fleet through
the straits, it is interesting to note
that Magellan, after his discovery,
pushed on to the far east and discov
ered the Philippines, now an Ameri
can outpost that may be visited by
the white squadron which la steaming
down the Atlantic. Magellan was
killed by Filipinos, but one of his ves
sels continued the voyage and finally
reached Europe by way of Cape of
Good Hope, completing the first voy
age around the world.
WASTEFUL ECONOMY.
Chairman Tawney of the appro
priation committee is predicting a
great deficit in the next fiscal year
unless rigid economy Is practiced In
making appropriations. While he
does not specify where the pruning
knife ought to be applied. It seems
quite clear that there will be no river
and harbor appropriations this ses
sion. From the standpoint of econ
omy, the failure to pass a river and
harbor bill providing for the proj
ects of unquestioned merit, would
be a "penny wise and pound foolish"
policy. There are a great many river
improvements already under way
which would be materially damaged
by the failure to provide funds suffi
cient to prevent the stoppage of work.
Two years ago we had a good illus
tration of the expensive folly of halt
ing a partly completed project for
want of funds with which to continue
work on the Columbia river jetty.
Prior to the work being placed on
a continuing contract basis funds had
been doled out In Insufficient amounts
to warrant expeditious and econ
omical rushing of the work, and when
the appropriation was exhausted the
work already performed was damaged
to the extent of several hundred
thousand dollars. The natural and
presumably correct assumption re
garding river and harbor appropria
tions is that they are made as an in
vestment on which millions of people
will profit Jn the way of improved
transportation facilities. It of course
follows that with millions tied up In
these Investments, pending their com
pletion there is a heavy interest loss
in addition to the depreciation in the
unfinished work. The Government,
according to Mr. Tawney, is so hard
up financially that there will be no
money available for continuing many
river and harbor improvements. The
recent financial stringency found
many private individuals and cor
porations in much the same predica
ment, but the prevalence of cold hard
business rules prevented any stoppage
of work on projects as far along, as
most of the Government work that
will be affected by the non-passage
of a river and harbor bill.
If the Covernment would only ex
ercise a little more business sense In
many of Its transactions there would
be less need of retrenchment on proj
ects of unquestioned merit. It is per
haps difficult to determine where this
reform should begin in order to elimi
nate these periodical deficits without
working Injury to the service, but
there are numerous opportunities
where the waste of Government
money is so glaring and Inexcusable
that it cannot bp overlooked. Notable
among these is the employment of
an army of special agents in all de
partments of the Government. They
travel round the world collecting in
formation which should be supplied
by regular consuls and regularly ap
pointed officials who in most cases are
like the special agent holding the
job as payment for political services,
and who rarely succeed in discover
ing anything of value until months
after the people interested therein
have secured the information from
private sources.
Everything that Mr. Bristow, who
has just returned from Panama, has
reported was known to the business
world six months ago, and his recom
mendation that the Government es
tablish ' a steamship line to Panama
would cost millions if carried out,
with no return for the investment.
Our Government builds at Atlantic
yards drydocks and lightships for
the Pacific because there is a saving
of 5 per cent, and then expends near
ly as much as the original cost in get
ting them out where they are needed
and where the Pacific yards would
deliver them free. The agricultural
department is clogged with theorists
and faddists who, at enormous ex
pense, "discover" durum wheat and
similar experimental evils. Last year
this department, at great expense,
"discovered" that a certain species of
red wheat could be grown in Kansas
and recommended that it be sowed,
only to learn when the. expensive
booklet - conveying the information
had appeared, that the Kansas farm
ers had made a specialty of that par
ticular kind of wheat, for more than
ten years.
A culling out of this departmental
dead timber and the interment of a
portion of the army of special agents
and foreign consuls who have not yet
learned that they are dead, would re
sult In a great saving and an improve
ment In the service.
PTT5TJC SCHOOL, HERESY.
The National Society for the Pro
motion of Industrial Education has
adopted a programme which can suc
ceed only in part with the American
people. Most thoughtful citizens will
agree that trade and academic, or
literary education ought to be com
bined from the age, of four up to
seventeen. It would be well also to
extend the. limit of compulsory
schooling to eighteen years. But the
American people will never consent
to permit school teachers "to sort
children according,, to their destina
tion," nor "to abolish the idea of ab
solute democracy in the ' public
schools." . -
This astonishing scheme seems to
have the approval of President Eliot,
Mr. Henry L. Pritchett and President
James W. "Van Cleve of the National
Manufacturers' Association; but. in
fluential as they are In educational
circles, they will find that a public
hostility exists to any project of this
character which they can never over
come. The crowning merit of the public
schools ' Is their absolute democracy.
They have many defects and faults,
but this single transcendent virtue
outweighs them all. It is the democ
racy of the schools that has founded
them in the affections of the people.
It is the one argument for their ex
istence and support which is unas
sailable. Destroy the absolute democ
racy of the schools and you destroy
the schools. The United States will
not tolerate a system of schools
where class distinctions are the basis
of instruction, where the child of the
rich man' receives education of one
sort and the child of the poor man
something different, each according
to the station In life where the Lord
has placed him. ,
It Industrial teaching is good for
the poor boy and girl iff Is also good
for the rich ones. If It is not good
for all It is good for none. Every
child in 'the public schools should
receive the same instruction as every
other child until the time comes
when nature indicates clearly the
parting of the ways. When that time
comes then the children should be
grouped according to their aptitudes,
not according to the wealth and so
cial standing of their parents. The
moment the class, or caste, idea is
commingled with the propaganda of
industrial education the cause has
suffered its death blow. President
Eliot and Mr. Van Cleve can serve the
propaganda best by letting it alone.
EDWARD ' ALEXANDER M ACDOWEIX.
The last hope that Edward Alex
ander MacDowell might recover the
use of his fine faculties and add to
the noble list of his artistic achieve
ments is finally extinguished by his
death. Still a young man, only 46
years old, he expired last Thursday
night in New York, where he was
born, after living for the last three
years under the cloud of a nervous
disease. The period of his productive
career was comparatively brief; but
it was long enough for him to at
tain secure recognition as the first
of American musical composers, and
a fame which is not limited to his
native land. He is accepted in Europe
as the peer of Grieg, and his works
are played wherever good music . is
loved. . .
MacDowell was born on December
18, 1861. It is not recorded by his
biographers that he showed anything
of that precocity which has marked
many youthful composers. Mozart
was an artist while he was still a
baby. Hoffman, one of .the best
pianists of our day, was a youthful
prodigy. Most distinguished musi
cians,, perhaps, have given early signs
of genius. Except great mathematical
power there Is no gift which mani
fests itself earlier or more decisively,
while ot all the capacities of the
human intellect none seems to pass
so readily by heredity as musical
ability. Almost all the famous com
posers have come from families
where music was cultivated for gen
erations. Of no - other species of
eminence can the same be said. In
fact most men of genius are either
sterile or their progeny is apt to be
both Intellectually and morally de
fective. We know little of MacDowell's an
cestry except that, like Grieg, he was
of Scotch descent. It remains for
more complete biographies than have
yet been published to tell of hia par
ents and earliest "education, but his
family must have perceived what he
was born for because they put him
to the study of music with the best
teachers in New York while he was
still a boy. Madame Teresa Carreno
was among them, and to her Mac
Dowell, . in recognition of his Intel
lectual debt, dedicated his second
piano concerto. When he was fifteen
he went to Paris to study in the con
servatory, where he remained three
years, going then to Germany. Here
he studied first at Wiesbaden, then at
Frankfort. At the latter place Raff
was his teacher jn composition. "
Raff recognized MacDowell's genius
and advanced his interests in every
way. It was from him that . Mac
Dowell's art took Its decided turn
toward romanticism, forsaking the
forms and technique of the classic
masters. In 1881 Raff was able to
have - his pupil appointed piano
teacher at the conservatory of Darm
stadt, and a year later he Introduced
MacDowell to the distinguished Liszt,
who was charmed with his art and
secured him an opportunity to play
his first piano suite before the Ger
man Musical Union. The perform
ance was received with enthusiasm.
This ovor.t established MacDowell's
standing in the world of music. He
gave concerts, in Europe for the next
three years and then settled in Wies
baden, where he taught and - com
posed until his return to America in
1889. ,
He lived first in Boston, but later
went to New York. His musical pre
eminence was everywhere acknowl
edged by his countrymen, and
various honors were conferred
upon) him. Princeton Univer
sity made him a Doctor of
Music, a distinction better worth
having since the degree had never
been granted before by that institu
tion. In 1896 MacDowell was ap
pointed professor of music at Colum
bia Uniyersity. A gift of $150,000
had been received by the unirersity
to found the chair, with' the under
standing that MacDowell should be
its first occupant; but he was 111 at
ease in academic fetters and resigned
in ' 1904, not long before he was
stricken down by the nervous attack
from which he never recovered.
As a concert pianist, MacDowell
was always pleasing to the public.
This was fortunate for him in more1
than one way. It not only replen
ished his pocket, never too well filled.
but, what was more important, it en
abled him to make his own works
known to a wide audience. These
works rank among the greatest musi
cal productions of our time. They
Include piano concertos, sonatas,
musical poems and some of the finest
songs eStant. Much of his music is
descriptive; some .of it develops
themes indigenous to America; but
they are taken from Indian, not
negro melodies. MacDowell said that
he saw little worth in the artistic
products of slavery.
Portland has two pure food labora
tories, maintained by the State, and
the Department of Agriculture is giv
ing it a third. There are also two
fine private laboratories, for chemical
and bacteriological examinations in
this city. Wlth all this supply of
pure food apparatus there seems Httle
use of the City Council's spending
$5000 to establish another laboratory.
Why not employ the examining ma
chinery of the State Board of Health
or of the State Dairy and
Food Commissioner, for each of
which the State and this means
Portland has spent and Is spending
big sums of money? This new scheme
for a $5000 city laboratory will fasten
a perpetual graft on taxpayers for
the benefit of . more ' officeholders.
What Portland needs at present, more
than anything else, U the matter of
pure food, is a ban n filthy markets.
rigorously enforced. Most impurities
in food come from dirty shops and
dirty dealers. "A resolute market in
spector will do more for the food sup
ply than two or three more chemists.
The Council would better save the
city's money. '
The Oregon City Enterprise offers
this gentle insinuation:
Why Is The Oregonian so bitter against
the appointment of Chris SchuebelT la his
known honesty likely to stand in the way
or the acquittal of some land-grabbing
friend In or around The Oregonian oft ice?
Well, now! Have you heard of
any one in or about The Oregonian
office who has ever had anything to
do with land-grabbing? Anybody in
or j about The Oregonian office who
has even made a filing on any tract
of land, under any one of the land
acts? But haven't you, and every
one of you, continually denounced
The Oregonian for Its exposures of
Mitchell, Hermann, Williamson,
Brownell, et id omne genus, and de
clared that its course was simply one
of malevolence towards the honored
men of Oregon? Go to and here
supply the missing words. As for
Chris Schuebel, he Is nothing. A
populist, sllverite and supporter of
Bryan one of the bitter enemies of
the Republican party in every trying
time.
The timber of the remaining forest
districts in our Southern States is go
ing fast. A circular from the Bureau
of Forestry says that the Southern
Appalachian mountains have been
nearly stripped not more than 15
per cent of the original timber re
maining. The bulletin adds: "The
lumbermen are going over the land
for the third time. First they took
only the prime oak and poplar saw
timber. Next they took the oajes that
were suited for barrel staves. ' Now
they are after whatever merchant
able trees are left, such as birch,
chestnut and gum." It Is clear that
all the timber of Oregon and of the
whole West will be wanted before the
lapse of many years.
A Royal Commission has recently
reported on the state of Ireland. It
finds that the number of nativep who
have left- the country mostly for
America since 1851 has been 4,028,
589. In 1841 the population of Ire
land was 8,175,124. It is now' 4,386,
035. Seventy-five per cent of the
emigrants were between 15 and 35
the flower of the people. Ireland
is one of the most attractive coun
tries of the world and the causes of
the emigration have been almost
wholly economic- excessive rents and
absentee landlordism.
Even a receptive candidate like
Governor Hughes may, without vio
lating the amenities of National poli
tics, take an . active Interest In the
contest.
The Japanese yen., of which we
hear so much in telegraphic accounts
of the financial condition of Japan,
is" worth about 49 cents of our money.
Interest in the Denver convention
is necessarily limited to the name of
the man with the bar'l who shall be
selected as running mate.
Received and read , here in balmy
midwinter, the reports of the Eastern
blizzard sound like news from an
other world.
Two' Portland problems that refuse
to be solved; A fender that will
fend and a crematory that won't
offend.
DECLINE) IX MILITIA STRENGTH.
Indifference of Lawmakers to the
Value of Clttaea Soldiers.
Boston Transcript.
A German military specialist thinks
that barring the high professional
training of our Regular Army officers
the united States has not much to
boast of In the way of military or
ganization. He particularly condemns
the militia as likely to be found a
broken reed in time of trouble.
and doubts if it would yield more than
25.000 men fit for service on a sudden
call. This Is doubtless an absurd un
derestimate of the condition of our
106,000 Ideational Guardsmen, but nev
ertheless we should not blind ourselves
to the fact that It is becoming dif
ficult to keep the militia of the United
States as a whole up to its exceed
ingly moderate aggregate. The House
committee on the mllltla recently made
a report which bears very Impressively
on the subject. The tables accompany
ing It demonstrate that the 'militia of
the United States has undergone a loss
of 10 per cent in numbers in the last
four years. In 1903 its aggregate was
116,547 officers and men; in 1907, 105,
213. .
A part of this loss may be attributed
to the disbandment or reformation of
organizations pronounced Inefficient by
the Inspecting officers, but other
causes must have been at work, for
the diminution In some states indicates
either a disinclination to militia serv
ice among their people or indifference
to the force among their lawmakers.
Alabama, for example, in four years
suffered a loss of 1122, Georgia 1939,
Mississippi 1068, South Carolina 1922
and Texas 1097. Altogether thirty-four
states and territories reported their
mllltla smaller In 1907 than in 190$.
Only one state, Pennsylvania, added
more than five hundred men to its
mlUtla during that period. But four
states Massachusetts, Wisconsin, Ida
ho and South Dakota have brought
their militia into complete accord with
the requirements of the Dick law. The
others are either working or waiting.
When we realize that some states
appropriate so little for the support of
the militia that the officers and men
practically carry on the service at their
own expense, we have more evidence
of the indifference of lawmakers to
the value of citizen soldiers. In only
eleven states so far as the Congres
sional committee can ascertain was the
latest militia appropriation in excess
of $100,000. Even a state or the popu
lation and resources of Alabama
deemed $20,000 enough; Texas gave
$32,000; and Mississippi but $10,000.
Massachusetts and New York together
appropriated almost one-third of the
$4,941,899, which apparently was the
total of the sums spent by the states
oC-the Union in support of their mili
tary establishments. Here are some
facts and figures to which the Na
tional Guard Congress may well ad
dress Itself as indicating that many of
the states must make larger contribu
tions than at present to justify in
creased Federal aid. It would seem
that the cultivation of the civic spirit
which is reflected in a well organized
militia is a function which this Con
gress should take upon itself as a mat
ter of the first importance.
Sheriff Ends Co-operative Scheme.
Topeka Journal.
Another socialistic dream of the
maintenance of the practical equality
of man in material things has been
shattered this time at Coaldale In
Pennsylvania, a small mining town
where a co-operative experiment has
been in progress for a few years. After
the miners' strike of 1902 socialistic
ideas obtained considerable vogue In
the mining regions. In this particular
town, it seems, the Socialists came Into
complete power, both political and
other, and social and economic life was
duly rearranged on the socialistic plan,
with a co-operative newspaper, a co
operative store and all the rest of that
sort of thing. For a time, as is usual
In all such cases, all went well. This
little corner of the world seemedreally
made over into ideal form. But now,
as Is also usual in such cases, the pretty
bubble burst and a sheriff is in pos
session of the Joint property. ' The
trouble was, of course, in the dissen
sions that arose from the unwilling
ness of the-more ambitious members
of the community to submit" to the con
ditions of equality. They could not sit
still and see the indolent enjoying the
fruits of their labors. There ia no need
to point out a moral. There is only one
and it Is self-evident.
Our New System.
Woodburn Independent. '
The initiative is a good thing in so
far as it secures the enactment of some
good laws that seemingly cannot be se
cured through the Legislature, "yet it
must be admitted that many who vote
on initiative bills do so regardless of the
fitness of the act. It Is the duty of every
voter to read caretully, over and over
again, any bill or proposed constitutional
amendment before rendering his opinion
at the polls. He must first learn the fact
that he is one of a large legislative body
empowered to enact laws and amend the
Constitution, then to be 'as painstaking
and as honest as he expects and demands
a member of the State Legislature
should be.
Statement No. 1 Is but a side issue.
The main object of the direct primary
was thsV nomination, by the people, of
candidates for ofTIce, who are. if popular
enough, elected by the people. Statement
No. 1 refers to united states oenators,
who are chosen at the primary or state
election, but elected by the legislature.
We believe In the Legislature, if it be
Republican, heeding the voice of the ma
jority of Republicans at the direct pri
mary. Those who have a contrary opin
ion are working In the interest e'f George
B. Chamberlain's candidacy for the
United States Senate.
Ho "Followed Copy."
Portchester Record.
Mrs. Marble, after the death of her
husband, went to Mr. Stone (a dealer In
headstones), and consulted him in refer
ence to an inscription. She said: "Put on
it: To my dearest husband, and it there
be any room left, 'we shall meet in
heaven.' "
Entering the cemetery and going to her
husband's grave, she noticed the head
stone, and quickly rushed to see how he
had engraved it The poor old widow's
heart beat with pain when she read the
following on the headstone: "To my
dearest husband, and If there be any
room left, we shall meet in heaven."
Ole Oleson Perplexed.
Detroit Free Press.
Bay Ylmlni. Arm glad to hear
Ton yonson'a in the race; . .
A son of Svaden. gude an' dear.
Ay bat he'll vln the place.
Ay"d las: to see heem mak' a -win.
An' at the White House visit:
The Svadea will put Yon Tonson in.
But which Ton Tonson la It?
Ay know Ton Tonson yumplng logs.
Yon Tonson milking 'cows;
Ay know Yon Tonson training dogs.
Ton Tonson making . house.
Ay know Ton Tonson, railroad rack, -
On heem ay mik wan. visit;
Of Yonsons ay know wan big pack,
O, which Ton Tonson la It?
In Stockholm. Copenhagen, too.
Are Yonsons bay the score;
Bay Ylminy, Ay tell yo'u true.
In Minnesota more.
Ton Tonaona. coppers on the beat,
Svada servant girls they visit;
So many Tonsons Ay have meet,
O. which Ton Tonson Is It? ,
You bat Ton Tonson gat ma vote.
Ay know heem gude an' true:
Ton Tonsondeckhand on the boat.
Or captlng of the crew.
Yon Tonson, milking cows, maybe,
Ay don't care: Ay won't miss it;
It makes no deeference to me.
Which Yonny Tonson la U.
THRIFT' OF ITALIAN LABORERS.
Save More Money Than Other Indus
trial Workers of the Same CI as a.
Omaha Bee. t
Statistics Just published by the Bureau
of Labor at Washington, D. C, furnish a
striking illustration of the thrift of Italian
laborers in, this country and also an effec
tive refutation ot the stories recently
sent from Rome to the effect that the
distress among the poor in that city and
in other parts of Italy is due largely to
the return of so many empty-handed
workingmen from the United States.
The bulletin shows that the Italians who
seek employment in this country are the
most saving of all workmen and send
back to their homes In money orders
alone, something rrke $32,000,000 a year, or
about $1 per capita for the population of
Italy. This amount Is largely Increased
by the money carried in person by the re
turning worklngmen, so that the Italians
returning to Italy after a season or two
in this country are a marked source of
revenue to that country, rather than a
burden.
In preparing Its data the Bureau of
Labor made extensive inquiry into the
wages, cost of living and other expenses
of Italians in this country. The result
shows that the average Italian workman.
in railroad or other construction work,
earned, in 1906, about $40 a month, while
he confined his cost of living. Including
rent, fuel, food, clothing and sundries
to less than $10 a month, leaving a net
saving each month of about $30.
According to- records of the Postoffice
Department for 1906. the total amount of
money orders sent to foreign countries
was in excess of $62,000,000. and of this
more than $32,000,000 went to Italy.
Statistics show that the Italian laborers
save more money at the same wage rate
than any other class of laborers. -
PUSHING THE CANDIDATE.
The Administration's Work for Taft
and Asralnst Hughrt. -
New York Evening Post.
We are now getting daily lessons In
civil-service reform from the White
House, which ought to attract National
attention. The appointment of Taft
workers to Postoftices in Ohio, and of
the totally unfit George W. Wan
maker as appraiser of this port, is now
followed by the President's refusal to
reappoint a good Hughes man as Col
lector of Customs at Plattsburg. It
would be the easiest thing in the
world to pick out of Mr. Roosevelt's
reform writings passages of eager de
nunciation of the man who could do
things like that; but of what use
would It be? The President is de
termined to have his way, and his
characteristic belief that everything
he does is proper and from the best of
motives makes it Impossible for him to
recognize any Inconsistency in any of
his actions. Time was when "Lou"
Payn was held by Mr. Roosevelt to be
unworthy of the regard of an honest
"Governor in any respect. Hence "Lou"
Payn was removed from office as In
surance Commissioner. Testerday he
explained his second appearance at
the White House in two days on the
ground that he "came to get some
thing and was successful," landing a
friend in a place as engineer on the
Panama Canal. Now, all this may be
harmless enough; but Mr. Roosevelt's
best friends ought to regret it, for it
instantly gives color to rumors that
.he is even willing to stoop to use
"Lou" Payn to defeat Hughes' nomina
tion. Literary Knock la Missouri.
Springfield (Mo.) Leader.
Thomas M. Johnson, of Osceola, has
picked out ten poems which he says are
the noblest in the English language. He
flatters the vanity of the "intellectuals"
by making a list of poems that are
angel's food. The last man who read Mil
ton's "Comus" because he liked It was
killed by Georgia Crackers at the first
battle of Bull's Run. The men who have
gone crazy from trying to understand
Emerson's "Brahma" are now costing the
citizens of New England clearing-house
checks that they can ill afford to send
to the treasurer of the foolish house.
Placing Shelley's "Hymn to Intellectual
Beauty" on t:.e list was nothing but a
foxy attempt to stand in with the young
lady teachers, a piece of Platonlo af
fection for a bunch of good-lookers.
Sew Construction" Is Probable.
Baltimore Sun, Dem. I
At Cooper Union last Friday Secretary
Taft spoke of the inability of Congress
to enact an income tax under the Con
stitution as construed at present. The
Government, he said, might be placed -at
serious disadvantage because of Inability
to obtain revenue from this source. But
the Secretary suggested a way out of the
difficulty. He said: "In such a case I
think there would be either an amend
ment of the Constitution or a new con
struction of the Constitution." These
are startling words, and they might al
most be characterized as "sinister," for
Secretary Taft does not speak as a mere
politician, but with the weight of one
who retired only a few years ago from
the Federal bench.
A Tale of the Flood.
From Puck. '
Hearing of a rising river at the head
waters of the Euphrates, with a falling
barometer and Indications of a flood in
the valley, the Pithecanthropus changed
his mind and frankly admitted it to
Noah. His manner was that of a chas
tened and softened person.
"You monkeyed too long," said the
Patriarch. "We gave you a chance to
come In with us, and you wouldn't take
It. Now we have arranged for all the
stock we care about trylpg to float."
The general liquidation which followed
had the usual effect upon all but the In
siders. Housing American Embassies.
Boston Herald.
The efftort to be made by Congressman
Perkins to secure an appropriation to
provide proper ihomes for American em
bassies in European capitals is deserving
of better treatment than It Is likely to
get at the hands of the present Congress.
Federal buildings in unheard-of villages
given in barter for Congressional popu
larity might well be withheld until the
Nation's Ambassadors to foreign govern
ments have been provided with quarters
which have some relation to the dignity
of their missions.
A FEW SQUIBS.
"Can she take high C?" "Jfot without
knocking off some of the bars." Life.
"Is Jim selfish?" "Well, they say he has
never given his ego cause for a moment's
Jealousy." Puck.
Mrs. Knlcker Does Bridget know her
place? Mrs. Bocker Yes. she knows one
that pays a dollar more Harper's Bazar.
Mother George, I don't hear you men
tion daddy In your prayers. Teddy (from
the bed) It's all right, mother, I'll see to
that. Punch.
"So you think you could buy me a .id sell
me?" "Well, I don't know about the latter
part of the proposition." Louisville Courier-Journal.
"Say, Tommy, you want to get a piece
sewed on to thess pants. They're too short."
"hort, nothln'! I got Into them too far
that's what's the matter." Judges
"t received your Majesty's message,"
said the new missionary. "Did I understand
you would do me the, honor to call upon
me and dine tomorrow?" "Almost correct."
replied the cannibal chief, "I said I would
call and dine upon you tomorrow." Phila
delphia Press.
"Do you think It would ba advisable for
you to make speechea In your own be
half?" "No," answered Senator Sorghum.
"It Is better to bava some one else do -your
talking for you. Then if something is said
which displeases, you can join the popular
disapproval." Washington Star.
sr- . . i 1- J'iaTi x ri t-tna
A certain rich citizen in St. Louis'. Mo.,
who has made his money by purchasing
I weak railroads. Judiciously "watering"
tne block, ana selling it at a profit of at
least 100 per cent, likes to be refrred to
as a collector of rare books and portraits.
He. also pretends to be on familiar terms
with the more prominent aut.iors. and
habitually speaks of them by their first
names.
One evening this plutocrat gave a din
ner to. several of his newly-rich male
friends, and after cafe noir and cigars
the company adjourned to the lihrary.
where the host passed around several of
his literary treasures for Inspection. One
of the books was Caesar's "Commen
taries of the Gallic War." The plutocrat
thought he heard smothered laughter, but
wasn't sure. But the men were too rich
to quarrel with. When Caesar's book
came back to hirg. he was astonished to
find this inscription neatly written in
pencil on the fly leaf:-
"To Mr. Blank. From his old chum and
schoolmate, Julius Caesar."
Not very far from New Tork City it
a sanitarium famous as a rest cure, and
some literary people make it a local
Mecca. One evening a colony of book
writers at least they said they were ar
rived In a .body and it was said that they
all seemed to belong to the followers of
Booth Tarklngton. They began to own
the place and loudly discussed with each
other plots for short stories, worried over
rhymes, and wondered about the most
telling ideas calculated to touch the
hearts of publishers. The regular gueWe
of the sanitarium began to get tired of
so much book talk, but there was no ces
sation. One ordinary American at last
announced that he could stand it no
longer. , '
"I'm goin' away," said he. struggling
with his overcoat, "to ming.e again with
some plain folks who haven't.'"
"Haven't what?"" asked one author, in
nocently. "Haven't written books or stories all
ready to send away to an anxiously wait
ing publisher!'
.
Apropos of discount In buying books,
A. S. Swanson. representative of one of
the big publishing houses, toki this ex
perience to friends at Washington, D. C. :
"Mark Twain recently stated to me that
he went into the sales department of the
publishing house J represent, and being
attracted by a particular book asked the
price.
. " "Four dollars," said the clerk.
" "Weil, now,' said Mr. Clemens, "I am
a newspaper writer. Don't I get a dis
count for that?"
"Certainly, replied the obliging clerk.
" T am also a magazine writer. Do I
get something off for that?"
" 'Yes.' said the clerk, you get a dis
count for that.
" 'I am also an author. Don't I come
in on the author's discount?"
" 'Yes, sir, you get the author's dis
count.' " 'In addition. said Mr. Clemens, T
am a stockholder in this house. Does
that entitle me to something oftT
" 'Yes, sir," the clerk returned.
" 'Now,' continued Mr. Clemens, 'I
would like to state that I am Samuel
Clemens. Does that fact entitle me to
another rake-off?
" 'It does.' said the clerk after a mo
ment's hesitation.
" 'That's good.' replied the author;
now how much do I owe you?'
" 'We owe you 80 cents, said the
clerk."
,.
When writing, Sir Gilbert Parker, the
novelist, lives in an old "stone cottage
once used by John O'Gaunt as a hunting
lodge. It has low ceilings and latticed
windows, and the arms of O'Gaunt still
decorate the hearth as in the dayrlof the
Black -Prince. Sir Gilbert contributes a
notable article to the North American
Review on "Blction, Its Place in the Na
tional Life." In it he says: "A book is
a personality, though the .author may
hide behind what he writes."
Joseph Vance's new novel. "Somehow
Good," will be published next month. In
it, the author no longer writes of Lon
don in the '50s, but nas an up-to-date
setting for his story.
Paul Elmore More will" publish a new
volume of Shelburne Essays, including
studies of Dickens, Mrs. Gaskell, Phillip
Freneau and the Longfellow Centenary.
Percy Mackaye is lecturing this month
on "The Drama of i-emocracy," at Co
lumbia, Harvard, Yale and Chicago Uni
versities. Jack London is nothing U not sensa
tional and keenly alive to the possibili
ties of free advertising. The publishers
who are now awaiting "copy" from him
have just issued a statement in which
they fear that London and his party are
lost somewhere tn the Pacific ocean. The
sea-roamers are now more than a month
overdue at Tahiti of the Society Islands,
for which place they sailed from Hilo.
Hawaii, October 27. It now appears that
the gas engine of the Snark was not
working very well when the party left
Hawaii. But trust London. He will turn
up soon, with a new novel written during
his enforced rest.
Lord Cromer has chosen for his book,
"Modern Egypt," three mottoes. The flrut
is Napoleon's well-known dictum, "Egypt
Is the most important country in thu
world;" the second a quotation from
Aulus Gellius concerning the man of ac
tion as- his own historian; Thucydides
supplies the third and longest. It is the
majestic description of his own historical
methods: "I determined to write the his
tory of wnat was actually done in the
war not by casual information or my own
Imagination, but on the evidence of what
I saw myself, and in other matters after
the most accurate inquiry into each de
tail." Recent necrology Includes James Kydal
Randall, .whose title to fame is that ha
wrote the song. 'Maryland, My Mary
land," and William Livingston Alden,
one of the distinguished American jour
nalists of his generation. Mr. Randall
also was a journalist, his chief connection
having been with the Augusta Chronicle.
Mr. Alden wrote leaders for the New
York Times and for the World, and was
the author of a dozen books popular in
their day. During the latter part of his
life Mr. Alden lived chiefly abroad.
As part of the programme for the cele
bration of the tercentenary of the birth
of Milton, the British Academy suggests
that "Comus," written by the poet for
production at Ludlow Castle by the chil
dren of the Earl of Bridgewater, be again
produced. ,
.
Tn various American newspapersserial
publication has begun in their Sunday
editions, simultaneously, of one novel
by a distinguished American writer, Mrs.
Mary E. Wilkins-Freeman, and another
novel by a distinguished English writer,
Max Pemberton. Readers are asked to
record their decisions as to which novel
is the 'better of the two, and of course
the necessary coupons are provided for
votes. The prize money, it is said, will
be equally divided between the two
authors named