THE JJlOKMMr U-KiSliOA IAN, FRIDAY, NOVE3IBER 22, 1907. Id ADVOCATES TUBE UNDER THE RIVER r Engineer Bailey Says Tunnel Is Only Modern Means of Communication. v QUESTION IMPORTANT ONE I Hf Pcrlarps Bridge Such as Is Pro posed Is Already Out of Date and Cites Experience of Other Cit ies Situated Like Portland. "Portland, like every other city built or building on each side of a river, is rapidly coming face to fate with the serious question of quirk and convenient com munication between the two parts of the divided city.'- said William Bailey, an engineer, last night. "A river is flrBt crossed by means of boats, as occasion demands, each Individual for himself, then comes the Terry with regular trips; then the pier bridge; then the draw bridge; then the suspension or cantilever bridge: then no bridge at all but tunnels. Buch is the history of all cities situated like Portland; New York and London, for instance. Portland Is now at the drawbridge stage, and I notice that high suspension or cantilever bridges are now being talked of to replace the draw bridges. "Now before such a bridge is seriously considered the people should look into the matter of tunnels. With all due respect for the opinion of gentlemen who favor uch bridges, as well as for the engineers yvho prepare and submit the plans for such structures. I beg to call the atten tion of the people of this good old City of Portland, who will be called upon to foot the bills In connection therewith, to the fact that such bridges are rapidly becom ing antique, out of date, and have little place in modern engineering, and to the solving of such problems of quirk trans portation, without cramping the harbor room and impeding the movement of the shipping, ns confront the people of Port land today. Bridges Growing Obsolete. "Such structures as the one mentioned are rapidly becoming ohsolete and giving i-Iace to the more modern and up-to-date, tinderground tunnel system, in the schema of things; as witness the millions of dol lars that have been and are still being spent in underground railroads and tun nels under rivers in preference to over head bridges, in the large cities of the Kastern stales and Europe, to relieve the congestion of traffic, under similar condi tions. Portland at present is only a baby but a very lusty one. I admit, compared to the mighty city destined some day in the future to be built here. This will come Just as surely as the sun rises and sets, when the vast natural resources tributary to it and contained in a territory which is an empire in itself, and which have as yet barely heen touched, are fully developed Then every foot of the somewhat limited harbor space will be in demand to ac commodate the great fleet of shipping of all descriptions which will want to llnd a harbor here. "Then the piers and abutments of these bridges will not only be in the way. but will prove a constant menace and danger to shipping, and particularly in times of high water. Besides, we are hearing so much these days of the poor quality of steel being turned out of the mills and of numerous accidents, with their ac companying loss of life. Witness the col lapse, a few weeks ago, of the immense steel bridge In course of erection to span the St. Lawrence River. In the vicinity Of Quebec, a total loss of $10,000,000. "During the past few years 1 have in the course of business made a number of visits of weeks, and sometimes months' duration to New York, London. Paris and other large cities of Europe, and have been very much interested, as an engineer, in the underground railroads then being huilt. and which are now In operation, to take care of the passenger traffic of the streetcar system, and thus relieve the badly congested streets of the great bulk of this kind of traffic, particularly in London and New York. .Network of Tubes I'nder London. "London particularly is underlain with a vast network of so-called 'tube' rail roads which are magnificent specimens of modern engineering, splendidly equipped with electric-car systems, similar to the ones in use and run on the same plan as the elevated railroads in New York. 1 visited them a number of times while they were in course of construction, and I was much struck with the simpli city and comparative cheapness of their construction in comparison to the vast benefits accruing therefrom. They con sits of two tubes lying side by side like the barrels of a shotgun, one for the up and the other for the down traffic, with stations and platforms at stated in tervals. The passengers are moved to and from the street level in huge eleva tors as well as by a winding staircase at every station. The fare on the first one to be operated was 4 cents for the entire journey or any intermediate sta tion, and ran from the Bank to the West End. a distance of about seven miles. "The tunnels are cut with special boring machinery run by compressed air, and are lined with steel, with an inner lining of concrete cement, the latter faced with white porcelain tiling, or brick, at the stations, which give it a beautiful clean and neat appearance. "The pioneer, however, and the one most applicable to the present condition of affairs in Portland, is the Blaekwall tunnel. This is built particularly to ac commodate the working people who have to cross the river to and from Deptford and Greenwich to the manufacturing dis tricts of London proper. it is seven ' eighths fo a mile In length just about the same as this proposed steel bridge; is wide enough for two vehicles to pass each other comfortably. In addition to side walks on each side, and has arrangements for drainage underneath the roadways. It Is lined" with porcelain -faced brick, well ventilated and lit by electric lights. Horse omnibuses carry passengers through it for 2 ornts. and connect with streetcars at each end. All these projects have proved a great success- from the start, and have been remarkably free from ac cidents, both during construction and 1, while in actual operation. Tunnel May Be Built Cheaply Here. "There is of course no comparison be tween the cost of cement and structural steed particularly here In Portland, with Its cheap ocean transportation. It is quite likely that such a tunnel can be built under the Willamette without a per manent steel lining, which would vastly cheapen the cost. If nothing but the real lint-class material was used In Its con struction, it would he practically In destructlhle and here for all time. Any number of these can be built as occasion arises without in the least being In the way of ships, ether during or after con struction Such a double tunnel can be had for each street. "Electrolysis, the great bugbear of all steel structures, would also be eliminated. while the same grades, or less, would probably be available for the approaches. In the benefits to accrue there Is really no comparison, all being greatly in favor of tunnels under the river, which would be a very small Job indeed compared to the great tunnels now being constructed under the Hudson River from New York for the big steam railroads. I have gone through the Blaekwall tunnel many times, and have often thought, while doing so. what a fine thing for Portland such a tunnel, or tunnels would be, whenever the conditions warranted their building. I have also often been struck with the great similarity of location of this city and London, both being located on fresh water along an inland waterway and harbor. Columbia Bar to Be Overcome. "Money and brains, of which there are a plenty In the country, will eventually overcome the difficulty of the bar at the mouth of the Columbia, and a river channel of any required depth can be made by dredging. The London County Council, in connection with the Port of London, has appropriated and are now spending the magnificent sum of $35. 000.000 to deepen the channel of the Thames ami to enlarge the docks to accommodate the modern leviathan steamships. "Personally I have no ax to grind, and do not wish to be understood as harshly criticising the gentlemen having the steel bridge project In mind, but in view of the large sum of money to be expended, 1 think that It would be 1 wise for the representatives of the taxpayers of the city to at least fully Investigate the merits, as well as. the demerits, of both systems before deciding on either. "If the people are In earnest on this matter, and It certainly presses for rec- HOARD OF TRADE BUILDING AS IT ognition more and more every day, I would respectfully suggest, in view of its enormous importance to the Port and City of Portland, that the Mayor appoint a commission of enquiry composed of representative business men and engineers to examine fully into the details of the matter. "Before anything definite is done to alter the present bridges beyond necessary repairs a full report concerning both bridges and tunnels should be published and the choice between them be left to the taxpayers and property-owners." RATE ORDER FOUND VOID SUPREME OOITIIT RULES ON SPOKANE CONTROVERSY. Commission Has No Authority to In vestigate Unjust Freight Charges Except on Complaint. OLYMPIA. Wash.. Nov. 21. (Special. 1 The Railroad Commission order made two years ago and designed particularly to prevent the railroads from Increasing dis tributing rates out of Spokane, was to day held void by the Supreme Court. Just before the hearing which the Com mission had at Walla Walla to formu late a general distance tariff, the Com mission found there were a number of special class and commodity rates In ex istence. Including these rates out of Spokane and special rates out of Seattle and Tacoma. The Commission was ad vised also that If It put In a general distance tariff to apply In the entire state, the railroads would probably re taliate by increasing the Spokane and other special rates. The Commission in Its complaint, there fore, against certain existing rates which It contended were unjust and unreason able, charged that these special rates were Just and reasonable and at the hearing, the railroad men laughingly testified as to the justness of the rates, treating this part of the hearl ng as a joke. But when the order came out and the Commission announced that it had formally found these special rates just and reasonable and ordered that they could not be changed except to reduce them without permission first from the Commission, the railroads realized how serious the matter was. They promptly appealed to the Superior Court of Walla Walla County, which held that the provision was void, because be yond the jurisdiction of the Commission under the then laws. The Commission ap pealed to the Supreme Court, which today decided the same way. The court holds that under the 1905 laws the Commission had power only on complaint to investi gate unjust freight charges and had not power In the absence of the complaint to declare any existing rates reasonable. The Commission had rather expected this adverse decision, so at the last ses sion it asked and secured from the Legis lature an amendment of the old law, which will permit the Commission to tako up on its own motion and determine any existing rates Just and reasonable and Issue an order that It cannot be changed without permission of the Com mission. It is possible that under this decision the Railroad Commission will have a new hearing and reiterate its order under the new law. The oyster will not flourish In water which contains less than 37 parts of salt to every thousand. 13 per cent off on silver at Metzger's. : BUY A SKYSCRAPER Local Capitalists Take Over Board of Trade Building. WILL FINISH STRUCTURE Gay Lombard and J. M. Healy In vest Large Sum In Property Ore gon Trust Bank Receiver Will Get $40,000. The imposing new Board of Trade building, a 11-story structure, yesterday passed to the ownership of two Portland capitalists, who. through this purchase, signify their unbounded confidence In the city's present and future property values. Gay Lombard and Joseph M. Healy have assumed all responsibility for the building, entering into an obli gation to pay over to the receiver of the Oregon Trust & Savings Bank $40, 000 on account of the closed bank's WILL APPEAR WHEN COMPLETED claim against the property. The new owners also had a new lease executed by the owner of the ground on which the building stands, Dr. E. H. Parker, the terms of the new lease providing for ground rentals extending over a period of 30 years, at the end of which term title to the property will vest In Mr. Lombard and Mr. Healy. Dr. Parker I having sold them his interest in the new I building. This transaction is certain to arouse I more than ordinary Interest, apart from I the large amount of money Involved. Some of the leading real estate dealers of the city, when asked last night what effect this transaction would have on the local market, replied that without doubt it would result in benefit in more ways than one. In the first place, they pointed out, the real estate business will be stimulated, as people have been more or less "up In the air" concerning the immediate future, but now that It Is found such an Important transaction as the one referred o can be financed, even if the banks are still under the handicap of legal holidays, the result cannot but restore much lost confidence. Several concerns reported that deals were being negotiated about as usual, but that until yesterday there seemed to be little prospect of closing them up. This transaction they call the entering wedge and say business will brighten up again. Charles K. Henry says indications are good for a lively business through the Winter, and that the Board of Trade deal would be very beneficial to the city, both In restoring local confidence and in proving to the outside world that real estate in Portland is considered to be as good for investment as It ever was. The owners of the Board of Trade build ing are to rush It to completion as rap Idly as possible. The last story was finished some weeks ago and the roof is practically in place. When the work is completed the building will have cost $350,000, and Mr. Lombard said last night' that it is now expected to have it done by April 1. next year. Some delay over the time set when contracts were first let will be experienced in finishing the Interior, by reason of alterations recently made In the original scheme. The intention of the owners is that the building shall rank second to none on the Coast. Every modern convenience In the way of elevator service, electric lighting and heating, tiling and, in fact, all recent Improvements In buildings of the first-class are to be Installed. MANY ASK SMALL LOANS Bank Holidays Lead to Increase in Borrowers. Has the victim of the bank suspensions approached you yet with requests for loans? If not, he will be around shortly. At any rate, he will tell you that he has an immense sum in the banks, but that it Is tied up so he cannot get it. Meanwhile lie needs a little cash, say $20 or $30. or $50, just to tide him over until he can realize on his deposits. Many a man is being victimized in this way and the list Is by no means com plete, Judging from indications. A busi ness man on Third street exhibited a I memorandum book yesterday, showing j six of these loans during the past week. "Never saw anything like It," he de i dared. "I am touched whichever way j I turn.' I think the men are all right. 1 too. and will make good, but Just now people are making runs on their friends. rur me most part tnese touches are being allowed, as the bank holidays may leave anyone temporarily short of cash.'' Waiting for Final Order. SALBM, Or.r Nov. 21. (Special.) The msmm I CO COAVk The cocoa with the Yellow Wrapper has no superior in quality. Its Double Strength yonr cocoa saves BENSDORf S. L. Bartlett Co., A 0YAL DUTCH COCOA BOSTON. Ariss. Campbell & Gaul!, Agents. Railroad Commission today received notice from General Passenger Agent Me Murray. of the Harrlman lines, that the new mileage books cannot be placed on sale until permission has been received from the Interstate Commerce Commis sion, which will probably take until the end of this week. RAILROADS ARE TO HELP Other Inducements for Cnvention of Oregon Dairymen. To make the sixteenth annual conven tion of the Oregon Dairymen's Associa tion at Portland. December 12 and 13. a tate event is the plan of the Harrlman officials at the general offices In the Wells-Fargo building. Every possible en couragement that will add to the at tendance and increase interest In the gathering Is being given the dairymen by the railroad. Besides giving the customary one and one-third rate for the round trip to Portland from any point on the Harri man lines In the state, traffic officials agree to return to the shipping point, free of charges, all exhibits brought here. Circular letters have been sent out to agents representing the O. R. & N. and Southern Pacific lines in this state, urg ing the fullest co-operation and directing that agents meet with leading dairymen and talk over the coming convention so t ha t the rail road represen tat Ives ma y know how best to further the best inter ests of the convention. In addition, agents in the Interior are urged to inter est the local papers in the convention ii order to arouse interest and induce dairy men to participate. "We should make this convention a'-Mg affair." said William McMurray, general passenger agent for the Harrimari lines yesterday. "Dairying is becoming one of the greatest industries of the state and every encouragement should be given it. Our lines stand ready to do r.il they can to help the dairymen." Tickets have been so arranged that those from the interior of the state will have two days in Portland after the con vention closes without losing the benefit of the reduced rates. This Is an attrac tive feature in that many can take ad vantage of the excursion to do holiday shopping. Many prizes have been provided for the best exhibits of dairy products. The premiums are as follows: General For the highest scoring creamery butter, 32,1 gold medal; for the highest scor ing creamery butter, five barrels Worcester nalt : for thf highest scoring dairy butter, $25 gold medal: for the highest scoring dairy butter, 50 pounds Worcester salt ; for the second highest scoring dairy butter, two bottles Habcock test; for the highest scoring American full cream cheese, $25 gold medal; for the second highest scoring American full cream cheese, ten gallons Hansen's Danish rennet extract; for the best display of dairy products, $66 in cash ; for the second best display of dairy products, $35 in cash (cauli donated by Portland Flouring Mill Company. Medals donated by Portland Commercial Club. Salt donated by De Iaval Dairy Sup ply Company. Rennet and Tester Donated by Monroe A Shelton. Special Offered by De Taval Dairy- Supply Company. Portland, Or.: For highest scor ing creamery butter, salted with Worcester salt, five barrels Worcester salt; for highest scoring dairy butter, salted with Worcester salt, 50-pound sack Worcester salt; for highest scoring dairy butter, made from cream separated by a De Laval hand sepa rator, $5 In cash ; for second highest scor ing dairy butter, made as above, 50 pounds Baum's stock food, value $6.25. Offered by Empire Cream Separator Company. Port land. Or. : For highest scoring dairy butter, made from cream separated by an Empire cream bpparator. four bottles Babcock tester, value $5.50; for second highest scoring dairy butter, made as above, $3 worth of Empire Separator parte. Offered by Hazelwood Cream Company. Portland. Or. : For best plans and specifications for barn for dairy farm on which 30 cows are kept. $25 in cash; for plans and diagrams of the best-arranged dairy farm of AO acres, said diagrams to show location of buildings and subdivision of farm Into fields! competitors to state crops to be grown on the different fields and the rotation ; give number of cows to be profitably kept, work horses -needed and other stock required for the economical dis posal of the by-products, estimated Income also to be stated, $25 in cash; to every owner of cows attending the convention who shall enroll In the Hazelwood register, a free one year's subscription to either Hoard'i Dairyman. Oregon Agriculturalist, Pacific Homestead, Pacific Northwest or Rural Spirit. Offered by the Charlas H. Lilly Com pany, Portland, Or. : For the highest scoring dairy b itter made from cream seperated by a Sharpies tubular cream separator, if scor ing 00 points or over, $10 worth of Lilly's stock and poultry food; for the highest scor ing creamery butter, colored with Alderney butter color, five gallons Alderney butter color. Offered by Mitchell. Lewis A. Staver. Portland. Or.: For the highest scoring dairy butter, made from cream separated by an Iowa cream separator, one Drew adjustable Utter carrier and 100 feet cable for same, value $30; for the second highest scoring dairy butter, made as above, 1 2 Foster's improved steel stanchions, value $15. Offered by Monroe & Shelton, 143 Front street. Port land, Or.: For the highest scoring dairy butter, made from cream separated by a Simplex cream separator, one four-bottle Facile Junior Babcock milk and cream tester, value $6. (See also general premium list.) Offered by Vermont Farm Machine Company, Bellows Fall. Vt. : For the highest scoring dairy butter, if made from cream separated by a United States cream sepa rator. $100 silver loving cup. All exhibits of creamery butter shall con sist of not less than ten pounds in tubs or squares with plain wrappers. All exhibits of dairy butter shall consist of not less than four pounds in plain wrap pers. All exhibits of American full cream cheese shall consist of no less than 20 pounds. A Parable of Three Marriages. PORTLAND, Nov. 20. (To the Editor.) If I married two young girls and they both died, and then took O'Shaughnesey's widow for -weal or woe, have 1 been married three times? Yea, sir. Will 1 have served three full terms? Jio. sir. That's what Jim Foley calls a figure of speech. CHARLEY DUG G AN. Kansas City. Fire Wednesday destroyer the South Methodist Church and parsonage on Mount Washington; loss about $7500. 26 per cent off on silver at Metzger's. FOR 270 WASHINGTON STREET. TO FIGHT Civic Societies Unite in De fense of Referendum. PLANS TAKE WIDE SCOPE Movement Started by East Side Push Clubs May Extend Throughout the State Will Protect Peo ple's Law making Power. After nearly three hours of delibera tion, last night. In Carpenters' Hall, on Grand avenue, delegates from the dif ferent civic societies resolved to form a permanent organization. This organiza tion will be called the Initiative and Ref erendum League. Its object will be to discuss and propose legislation and in voke the referendum on measures detri mental to the people. H. G. Pafsons, on taking the chair, explained the original object and how the movement was started by the appointment of a com mittee by the United East Side Push Clubs. He explained that an attack had been made on the Initiative and referendum by the Pacific States Telegraph & Telephone Company In refusing to pay the 2 per cent gross earnings tax under a law passed by vote of the people. The cane would, he said, be carried to the Supreme Court, backed by all the resources of the telephone and other public service cor porations with unlimited means for hiring able attorneys, and it was proposed to obtain aid for the Attorney-General of the state to defend the law. Practically all the push clubs, labor or ganizations and civic bodies of the city were represented. Joseph Gaston, a sin gle repesentative. was present from the Grange. Mr. Gaston said that the Grange was interested and would be glad to take part. Harry Yanckwlch. an attorney, ad dreBUUU llle IfiUellhi; explaining the op eration of the Initiative and referendum for the Information of the meeting. George Anderson Thatcher also explained portions of the law. Mr. Thatcher said he had been Invited to prepare a paper for the American Political Association, which meets at Madison. Wis., In Decem ber, showing the operation of the law in Oregon. As the discussion proceeded, the plan took a much wider scope than at first in tended, but this was considered necessary to carry out the original Intention. The new organization will defend the Initia tive and referendum and discuss laws that may be proposed, and besides will go further and invoke the referendum where necessary. On motion, Mr. Parsons was made per manent president, and Hjxry Yanckwlch secretary. J. L. LoverldgU, JUMuli CMflC ton,' S. B. Thayer. J. B. Thorpe and X. Hughes were appointed a committee on finance. On constitution and permanent organization, the following were ap pointed: Harry Yanckwlch. John A. Gold ralner. S. B. Fisher, M. H. Robinson and T. McAndrews. The officers, together with John A. Goldralner, were made a committee on publicity. The following resolutions were then adopted as the platform of the league, being introduced by R. Harris: Whereas, The initiative and referendum hai been secured at the price of conscien tious and untiring- labor on the part of the citizens of Oregon, and has already abund antly demonstrated Itself as the most ef fectual safeguard of the Interests of the people, and Whereas. The action at law undertaken by the Pacific States Telephone & Telegraph Company, the real purport of which Is to destroy the Initiative and referendum. Is be lieved to be an attempt to discredit the in telligence of the people of Oregon, and a vicious attack upon their essential rights, therefore be it Resolved. That the delegates to this meet ing, representing civil and labor bodies, granges and citizens of Oregon, denounce the. attack of the Pacific States Telephone & Telegraph Company to destroy the Initiative and referendum, and call upon all people to Join in supporting the defense of the same In the pending case at law referred to; and be It further Resolved, That this meeting urges every voter of Oregon and .very civic, fraternal, religious and labor organisation in this stato to make this a matter of general con cern to the end that the Initiative and referendum may be sustained and preserved. The resolutions were adopted uninl- NEW ERA SH0EMAKING That is the whole explanation of the CRAWFORD system. The only real advan tage that the CRAWFORD makers hold over other HONEST manufacturers is colossal output. The CRAWFORD "gene- ral staff" is no larger than that employed by makers of one-tenth the Crawford output. The CRAWFORD profit is not de signed to keep up with any stock hy drant process; it is simply a tinually increasing output. Economi 'cally handled and honestly sold. Get Acquainted. MEN and WOMEN n mously. Another meeting will be held next Thursday night at the same hall, when reports of the committees will be received. It will be made a mass meeting and all citizens Interested will be invited to attend. It Is Intended to Interest all classes In the dewense of the initiative aart referendum law. w ays and means will be devised for SPECIAL SALE OF RUGS We offer this week two remark able Rug specials: Finest quality Tapestry Brussels, handsome designs, best colorings; size 9x12; reg. value i Q $24.75; special price HJ.-.U Velvet Rugs, size 27x54-in; floral and Oriental patterns, very dur able and rich fabric; AC regular $2.25, special SXrJ We also offer exceptional money-saving values in remnant Mats and Carpet remnants of every grade. We are making way for new stock, and must close out all short lengths. Bring room sizes. J. G. MACK 8 CO CARPETS AND DRAPERIES 86-88 THIRD STREET FRIDAY SEE CORNER WINDOW DISPLAY. H. Liebes & Co. N. W. Corner Fifth Store Open Saturday Evenings. Send case of con raising money to employ able attorneys to assist In defending the law. it was suggested that Governor Hugfcrs and Judge Alton B. Parker, of New York, might be engaged to assist In defending the law before the Supreme Court, but these matters will come up later. 25 per cent off on cut glass at MetzgerV SPECIALS We expect these re m a r k a b 1 e offerings, both in price and qual ity, to crowd our store today and tomorrow. Numlnk Novelty Semi-Fitting Jacket, one of our extreme novelties, ap pllqued In green velvet and braid. R o g u 1 u r Special . . Brook Mink Blouse Jacket, new shawl collar effect. eB;,,rJS5.$75.oo Brook Mink Box Coat, lat est collarlcss effect, fin ished with 4 large fur covered buttons. Rigu- ?.V.".':...$7S.OO We are also offering a line line of specials in Neck Scarfs, comprising all of the fads and fancies of particular dressers and worth a third more than wc ask. namely, $3.50 to $15 A number of handsome sets ranging- In price from $12.50 to $35 The Leading Furriers John P. Plagemann, Mgr. and Alder Streets for Handsome Illustrated Catalogue,