1
10
THE MOKSIXG OREGONIAN, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 4, 1907.
SUBSCRIPTION BATES.
INVARIABLY IX ADVANCE.
(By Mall.)
y, Sunday Included, one year S8.00
y, Sunday Included, six months.... 4.25
Sunday Included, throe months.. 2.25
L-. Sunday Included, one month 3
V without Sunday, one year S.00
1 without Sunday, six months.... 3.2.'
I without fcundav, three months.. 1.7r
without Sunday, one montn u
. one year S.110
'. one year (Issued Thursday).. 1..V)
' and Weekly, one year S.00
BY CARRIER.
f sSunday Included, one year 9.00
f J Sunday Included, one month 15-
iYt TO REMIT Send postofflce money
express oraer or personal cneca on
i!ocal bank. SmmDi. coin or currency
.it the sender's rltk. Give postofflce ad-
l- In full. Including county and state.
FOSTAGK RATES.
k red at Portland, Oregon. Postoffce
nd-Class Matter.
M paees 1 cent
r 28 Pages.. 2 cents
44 Pages 3 cents
HO Pases 4 cents
lylirn postage, double rates.
ll'ORTANT The postal laws are strict.
papers on which postage Is not fully
,ia are not forwarded to destination.
I EASTERN BUSINESS OFFICE.
C. Beckwith Special Agency New
rooms 4H-00 Tribune building. Chl-
rooms 610-512 Tribune building.
KEPT ON SALE.
jir.as;o Auditorium Annex. Postofflce
Co.. 178 Dearborn St.
Paul, Minn N. St. Marie, Commercial
n.
rado Springs. Colo. Bell. H. H.
ver Hamilton and Kendrlck, 90S-9U
teentn street: Pratt Book Store. 1214
enth street; H. P. Hansen, S. Rice,
arson.
sas City, Mo. Hlcksecker Cigar Cc,
and Walnut; Yoma News Co.; Harvey
Stand.
neopolls M. J. C&vanaugh. 60 South
veland, o. James Pushaw, 80T Su-
street.
lashlngton, D. C. Ebbltt House, Penn-
anla, avenue.
Philadelphia, Pa. Ryan's Theater Ticket
re; Penn News Co.
York City L. Jones & Co.. Astor
Broadway Theater News stand. ; Ar-
Hotallnr Wagons; Empire News Stand.
Viotlo City. N. J. Ell Taylor.
iiden D. L. Boyle. W. G. Kind. 114
-inty-fifth street.
)mahs Barkalow Bros.. Union Station;
,.Kath stationery Co.
lies Moines, la, Mose Jacob.
i Sacramento, Cal Sacramento News Co.,
L K. street; Amos News Co.
filt Lake Moon Book A Stationary "Co.:
,nfeld & Hansen; G. W. Jawett. P. O.
r.
T Angele B. B. Amos, manager seven
. t wagons.
n Plego B. E. Amos.
Lis; Beocb. Cal. B. E. Amos.
love, Cal St. James Hotel News
l.-ulas, Tex. Southwestern News Agent.
Paso, Tex. Plaza Book and News
rt Wot til, Tex. F. Robinson.
'marlllo, Tex. Amarlllo Hotel News
a.
w Orleans, I .a Jones News Co.
Francisco Foster A Crear; Ferry
I Stand; Hotel St. Francis News Stand;
arent; N. Wheatley; Falrmount Hotel
Stand; Amos News Co.; United News
ts. 11 is Eddy street.
kland. Cal W. H. Johnson, Fourteenth
Franklin streets; N. Wheatley; Oakland
Stand; Hale News Co.
Idneld, Her. Louie roilln; c. ja.
er.
reka, Cal. Call-Chronicle Agency; Hu-
News Co.
1
;ITLANT, FRIDAY. OCTOBER 4, 1007.
8TRANGLE-HOLD ON A STATE.
erhaps Mr. Harriman, who is re-
Lrted to have invested the money of
i Union Pacific system, to the extent
(140,000,000, in the bonds and stocks
tither railroads, upon which there
lis since ueeii a. ueciiuu ui ou,vuv,uvv
40,000,000, may now wish he had
fated the money, or at least the
yr portion of it that has been lost,
luildlng railroads long needed in
lion. Had he done so he would
Jo something to show for the im-
fcnse sums that now are merely
Inus quantities.
Vut whether Mr. Harriman have
I' regrets or not over these unlucky
A'Stments and consequent losses, the
I ple of Oregon certainly have at
.t to tho extent of wishing, sor-
Ifully, that the money had been
ested where it would have been
keileial both to Oregon and to the
on Pacific system.
kU is a serious complaint that the
ple of Oregon have against the
licy of which Harriman Is the repre-
Intatlve. By that policy Oregon has
fn fenced in, by lines drawn around
'borders, and the whole Interior is
'ft to vacancy and to the sovereignty
X solitude. A corollary of the policy
khe notice posted everywhere warn-
all trespassers to keep out. The
in the manger typifies it exactly.
ha policy dooms the greater part of
ksreat state to the silence of nature;
people these days never will go far
m the railroad to settle down,
rite homes and push the activities
Lrural and agricultural life. They
they must he in touch with the
" ve world, have opportunity to come
! go, to market their produce and
Ldevelop local points of industry
trade. These conditions are to be
lined only through the railroad.
pioneer spirit that carried people
the distant wilderness and main
ied them in isolation and content-
kit was good for Its time, but it is
forever.. Gone, because people
fi do better. They needn't be her-
fits of the solitudes now, and they
low It. It 1b useless to offer them
erely land and sky. They will go
t'.ead of the railroad by short marches
they know the railroad Is coming
at not otherwise will they push out
rr settlement in vacuous space.
ls the great railway that has cor
iled Oregon ever going to do any-
Lng within the vast inclosure? We
Lnfess to little faith. Even such
tty projects as the Coos Bay branch
;ear to be mere feints, supported by
I Intention. It is the fate of Oregon
I be milked by this great system
faich pursues its policy of taking all
I can and giving the least possible
1 urn. Millions of dollars drawn In
Mdends from the traffic of Oregon
f-e invested elsewhere, or thrown into
i ho tide that ebbs and flows through
Kvall street. Of the thirty or forty
millions sunk and lost in the Harriman
ond-buylng operations, some part,
id no small one, was drawn from the
ite which for twenty years has been
'nled railway, extension by the power
. hat has fenced it In
Iiook at Washington and Idaho,
ihe contrast they afford with Oregon
!s a trying one for every resident of
iur state. Their growth is at a far
'tnore rapid pace than ours. Why?
Because they are not the exclusive
dfemesnes of any one railroad system,
So with Montana and the Dakotas.
Oregon is bottled up. Oregon is in a
hole. Oregon is plucked and shorn
and her oppressor boasts pf sufficient
power to keep out competitors for all
prizes witnin ner Doraers. r orcu
nately, conditions are changing to an
extent, so that we cannot be prevent
ed from doing part of our business,
presently, through the railroads trav-
, w .V. 1 anlq Thn Still
Arsinr nsaiuuRtvu wu ......
. . ,11 & .1.. Kuunnlla . . o
tnifl Will UUb AJW u.h..vj w wjyuuus, " w. vvuoi?, ouwjov,
the thought that the vast resources of
this state are to remain mere possi
bilities, for further Indefinite time. The
obvious fact that calls for ceaseless
protest is this, namely, that Oregon is
held up on the highway of progress,
that Is open to all the other states
about her, by a process of strangula
tion. THE ETHICAL SIDE OF IT.
Long has It been known that the
land laws of the United States cer
tain of them open a door to fraud.
The Intent of these laws was to give
every citizen access to the National
domain; but the citizen was not to use
his right merely to get the land and
sell It for what he could, take his
money and get away. The law was
not carefully drawn; but Its Intent is
plain. It is painful to find Senator
Borah throwing all blame on the law.
so loosely drawn, and excusing land
grabbers who induced individuals to
pervert the law's intent and meaning.
The law might leave a door ipen to a
particular kind of robbery. Then are
you to commit that kind cf robbery,
and plead in excuse that the law has
been so clumsily drawn that t'lere can
be no penalty?
Senator Borah has a right to excuse
and to defend himself. But he does
ot put his excuse and justification on
sufficiently high grounds. He knows
it himself; and he never will do that
kind of business again. The notion
that one may do what the law does not
expressly forbid, or that if the law
leaves a door open to fraud you may
rightfully walk in, not only has no
ethical value, but Is abhorrent to every
sound principle of moral conduct.
It always has been a reproach to
the legal profession that this principle
has not been understood, but on the
contrary denied. The plea of Senator
Borah is that the law makes the crime.
The plea is morally unsound. No one
should be an attorney for those who
take advantage of a defect In the law
to swindle an individual or to rob a
whole people. Senator Borah has not
justified himself.
SALACIOUS HARPIES.
Some salacious scalawag, vho for
excellent reasons is ashamed of his
own name, writes a letter to revile The
Oregonian for trying to "hoodwink
the people in order to clear the skirts
of an accused official." He refers, of
course, to the Waymire scandal. We
gather that he is one of the deplorable
gang of degenerates whom Judge
Cameron ordered out of the courtroom
just at the moment when the case
became most interesting to their car
rion taste, for he is almost as ran
corous against the court as against
The Oregonian.
When a case like the Waymire scan
dal arises there is always a group of
individuals who fairly wallow In its
filth. Being themselves utterly vile.
they assume that the man who has
been victimized by the blackmailers is
as guilty as possible in the circum
stances; and whatever the character
of the woman may be, it suits their
purpose, of course, to set her forth as
an immaculate angel. Fortunately,
this class of men is small. If there
were many df them spouting their
views upon the street and writing
anonymous letters to the papers, It
would be Impossible to exist for nau
sea.
A man who is attacked by a woman
is practically almost helpless against
his assailant. The better his previous
reputation has been the more difficult
is his defense, so prone are we all to
cry hypocrite. If the case comes
before a jury, the woman, with her
Delilah wiles, has every advantage.
Schooled by her lawyers, she smiles,
she weeps, she sighs, she trades upon
her charms, an " the jurymen are as
wax before her. God pity the man
who has to defend his reputation
against one of these women.
THE PORT OF COLUMBIA.
The Astoria papers, in a desperate
effort to excuse their opposition to im
provement of the tug and bar service
at the entrance of the Columbia River,
are going to great lengths in distort
lng and misrepresenting The Orego
nlan's comment thereon. . In a recent
plea for establishment of an Alaska
steamship line, which would supply us
with much-needed cheap coal, The
Oregonian incidentally said that "the
lifting of the pilotage and towage em
bargo at the entrance of the Colum
bia by the Port of Columbia Commis
sion, or, in the failure of this commis
sion to act, by its Successors, will place
the Columbia River on even terms
with the Puget Sound ports except In
the single item of fuel." The Astorian
sees in this remark a covert attack on
the pilot, and goes into violent hys
terlcs in denying that there are any
pilotage charges on coasting vessels,
such denial being entirely superfluous
and uncalled for, as The Oregonian
never intimated that there was such a
charge. Continuing, the Astorian
says:
Since the "Port of Columbia" bill became
a matter of interest to people on the river,
the especial promise of Its authors and
frlonds has been that once it was passed,
they would correct the vicious evils insep
arable from the bar pilot service.
The taxpayers of Multnomah and
Columbia Counties, who have suffered
by the "evils" admitted by the As
torian to be inseparable from the bar
pilot service, do not believe that they
are "inseparable," and they propose to
demonstrate that such belief is well
founded. In this connection a brief
history of the Port of Columbia and
the cause for its existence is here
given :
For many years prior to 1907. the
International Sailing Ship Owners' As
sociation, controlling more than three-
fourths of the available sail grain ton
nage of the world, demanded and re
celved 30 cents per ton more for ships
loading at Portland than for those
loading on Puget Sound. The effect
of this differential was a gradual
dwindling of the Columbia River grain
fleet, and a corresponding increase in
the Puget Sound fleet. Foreseeing the
inevitable result of continuation of
such conditions, the Portland Cham
ber of Commerce s nt a representative
to Europe fb confer with the owners
and learn the exact causes for levy
lng the differential. This conference
resulted in the narrowing down of the
complaints to a poor tug and pilot
service at the bar, and a charge for
hauling ballast away from the ships In
port. At a meeting held in Paris in
October, 1906, the shipowners agreed
to abolish the differential as soon as
these worst evils were corrected. The
ballast charge, being beyond the Juris
diction of the Astoria people, was
taken care of by some public-spirited
Portlanders before Astoria could get
out an injunction to prevent it. The
O. R. & N. Co., which was operating
the tugboats, had no control over the
I ..11..... n . 1 ..... .. nf nA.wsfk mKlanf a
some of the "inseparable evils" which
the Astorian admits existed.
Realizing their inability to give a
satisfactory service, the O. R. & N. Co.
agreed not only to withdraw from the
towing business, but, as a bonus to any
one who would take up the work with
out increasing the towage rate, offered
to pay full pilotage in and out on all
grain ships coming to Portland.
It was to take advantage of this
offer and secure free pilotage that the
Chamber of Commerce, drew up the
Port of Columbia bill, and. as soon as
the bill became a law. the Chamber
of Commerce again dispatched a rep
resentative to Europe to demand from
the shipowners fulfillment of their
promise. News of the firht Astoria
was making on the measure reached
Europe ahead of the representative pf
the Chamber of Commerce, and the
owners demurred to removing the
differential until they were assured
that the promised free pilotage would
be forthcoming. Fortunately for
Portland and for every producer In
the Columbia Basin, the Astoria plct
was foiled by a cable from the O. R.
& N. Co. agreeing to pay pilotage in
case the law was defeated. On this
assurance the Shipowners' Union, at
its meeting at Bremen in June, re
moved the differential and Portland
exporters were enabled to secure ton
nage for Portland at the same rate as
was paid on Puget Sound.
As to the tangible effect of removal
of this differential, figures speak more
eloquently than words. On October 3,
906, the total amount of grain ton
nage en route for and in port at Port
land, was 97,286 tons. En route for
and in port at Puget Sound, 73,547
tons. .Yesterday the figures were:
Portland, 159,974 tons; Puget Sound,
75,294 tons. The object for which the
Port of Columbia came into existence
has been partly accomplished for thi3
season, at least, but Portland does not
propose to depend on the O. R. & N.
Co. or any other railroad company for
maintenance of a tug and pilotage
service at the river entrance. The Co-
umbla River must never again be per
mitted to lapse into the bad repute
which it suffered through the
wretched service at the mouth of the
River. If we cannot enforce the Port
of Columbia law to secure a good serv
ice, a law that can be enforced must
be passed. The good name and pres
tige of the Columbia River must and
will be maintained, regardless of the
efforts of a few short-sighted Astori
ans. IN NEED OF A SOVEREIGN.
There is an old saying that the Con
stitution means what the Supreme
Court says it means. This, of course,
makes the Supreme Court the great
legislative department of the Govern
ment. Laws passed by Congress are
only tentative laws until the Supreme
Court approves them. Such a theory
really destroys the ideal of Republi
can government, with its distribution
of co-ordinate powers; but it has been
widely accepted and there is a class of
sour cynics allied with the predatory
corporations who cling to it with a
death grip. They cling, not because
the theory is correct, or because they
trunk it a good one, but simply be
cause it is contrary to the interests
of the Nation. It is impossible for
these people to concur In any view
which is for the common welfare.
They are so cantankerous that they
cannot help being on the contrary side,
These are the so-called "strict con
structionists of the Constitution.
Their construction is no stricter than
anybody else's, but It Is narrower and
meaner; hence they claim great credit
for adopting it.
The bad old saying that the Consti
tution means what the Supreme Court
says it does has always been deceptive.
The Supreme Court determines the
meaning of the Constitution only to
outward appearance. In reality it has
always been determined in the long
run by the needs of the Nation. Su
preme Court decisions are just as
much tentative as the laws of Con
gress. If after trial they are found to
promote the welfare, of the Nation,
they stand; If not, then they are re
versed, or explained away, which
comes to the same thing. As a matter
of fact, ' the Constitution means what
it ought to mean.- And what it ought
to mean is decided by what the Nation
taken as a whole truly needs in suc
cessive generations. Inasmuch as
these needs vary from decade to dec
ade, so the meaning of the Constitu
tion changes, being, as Mr. Roosevelt
so wisely said at St. Louis, not a dead
but a living thing. This was the doc
trine of that illuminating speech, and
it is a doctrine profoundly true and
important.
The1 President's speech at St. Louis
was a brilliant application of the prag
matic philosophy which is taking the
world by storm. . One might interpret
him to have said that the Constitution
is one thing, its meaning another; the
meaning being, as it were, a function
or outflow from the document itself,
which can change from time to time as
the light of the sun is sometimes dark
and sometimes brilliant, while the sun
Itself is forever the same. Or we
might look upon the Constitution as
typified by a man of illustrious intel
lect set to rule over a people, who
changes his policy from one year to
another as the needs of his subjects
vary; but through it all he remains
the same man because his , funda
mental character persists unaltered.
"The Constitution," he said, "is un
changed and unchangeable save by
amendment in due form." But "the
meaning Is to be sought as much in the
National life as in the dictionary."
And, inasmuch as the National life is
in perpetual flux, so must the mean
ing transform itself as the years pass.
This pragmatic theory of the mean
ing of the Constitution has always
dominated the Supreme Court, what
ever one or two reactionary judges
may have said about it. It has domi
nated because it is the only possible
theory by which the Nation can 'live
and thrive. The "strict construction
ists" hold that every new interpreta
tion of the Constitution should be
brought forth with pomp and tumult
in a constitutional convention where
old things would- pass away with a
whoop and howl and heaven and earth
be reconstructed amid a deluge of aca
demic oratory. One might as well say
that we must have a new Bible every
time we find a new interpretation for
a text. These "strict constructionists'
would accuse the Presbyterian Church
of disingenuousness because It lets the
meaning of its ancient creed follow the
changing times while it clings to the
venerable form. Why not? Words
are but symbols ; and. when the ancient
significance of the symbol is forever
dead, why not impart a new one?
There is scarcely a word in the Eng
lish language which means precisely
the same as it did one hundred years
I Dint Uvatl ,irh t Wfinl na "fflthdr.1
-' " -
while it retains much of its old sig
nificance, nevertheless has lost part of
it and acquired something different.
Hence, even if we adopt the extrav
agant folly of Interpreting the Consti
tution by the dictionary, we shall find
that it means something very unlike
what it did a century ago. The dic
tionaries of today assign altered
weight and connotations to its words.
Those who cling to the concept of a
Constitution with a fixed and invaria
ble meaning cherish one of the wildest
delusions of insanity. Their dream is
by the very nature of things impossi
ble. This is what the artistic fraternity
might call an Impressionistic view of
Mr. Roosevelt's speech at St. Louis,
but it is as near to the truth as one
can ' come, perhaps. His general
thought was that our internal water
ways, the Panama Canal, the corpora
tions, and above all the railroads, are
objects of National concern. There
fore they ought to be under Federal
control, and unless we wish to see our
National life wither away and perish,
we must so interpret the Constitution
as to give the Nation full power over
them. , As the President said, these
great potentates are badly in need of
a sovereign, and our most pressing
duty Is to provide one for them.
Mr. Josselyn, of the Portland Rail
way Company, is undoubtedly right in
his statement that no "fender" on a
streetcar has vet been Dut into use
that is of any real service. Probably
there would be fewer accidents if there
were no fenders at all. The remarks
of Mr. Josselyn on the subject, pub
lished yesterday, embody the results
of fullest knowledge of this subject,
derived from experience through a
very long period, In cities both of
America and Europe. No fender can
be depended on to "pick up" the body
with which it may come in contact,
and the injury,- when the fender
strikes, is likely to be as great as when
the person is struck by the car Itself.
And the fender deceives the eye more
than the car, and on curves is spe
cially dangerous. The best that .can
be said of any fender is that It is the
appearance of an effort to reduce an
ever-present danger. The only real
fender is the vigilance of the way
farer. The Provincial Association, a branch
of the political party with which Sir
Wilfred Laurier Is affiliated, met in
Vancouver Wednesday and passed a
resolution calling on . the Dominion
government to abrogate, the treaty
with Japan. The association also de
mands the imposition of a strict edu
cational test on all incoming Orientals.
When the "Vancouver hoodlums
knocked down and dragged out -a
large number of Japanese, the Nippon
government made a mild protest,
strangely at' variance with their
"cocky" actions regarding the San
Francisco incident. This latest inci
dent, however, may lead to something
more serious (in the eyes of Japan)
than a few broken heads, and it will
be Interesting to note whether they
will regard.it as another expression
of Canadian friendship or a slap In the
face.
The Vanderbilts, nothing daunted by
the experience of Consuelo, Duchess of
Marlborough, are about to enter into
another foreign matrimonial alliance
or entanglement, as the sequel may
prove. Gladys, the youngest daugh
ter of the second Cornelius Vander
bilt and a cousin of Consuelo, is to
marry a Hungarian Count and will
thereafter be known in society person
als, and mayhap later in the interna
tional record of domestic infelicities, as
Countess Szechenyi. She will take to
Budapest as her dower J10, 000,000 in
Vanderbilt cash, bonds and stocks a
pretty dot to pay for a jawbreaking
title, a swarthy husband and a home in
Hungary. Such investments seldom
pay, but they are nevertheless eagerly
sought by the Idle daughters of the
idle rich.
The wreck of the steamship Tellus,
together with her cargo of coal, was
sold for $240.. The value of vessel and
cargo previous to the wreck was ap
proximately $100,000. As this wreck
occurred almost at noon on a clear
day, with a smooth sea, and land in
plain sight, it will be interesting to
note the comments of the underwrit
ers. .Naturally in tne long run tney
will, as usual, pass the blame for the
disaster up against the terrible north
coast, but if they permit the master of
the Tellus to escape without punish
ment it would seem that they, as well
as the wreck, stood in need of an in
vestigation.
How big a fool Senator Tillman is,
nobody, could have conceived, till the
announcement of his indignant refusal
to ride in a Pullman car from Spokane
to Walla Walla because there was a
-negro porter In the car. Men like
Senator Tillman are tedious. How
ever, there is but one of him.
Wheat advanced nearly 2 cents per
bushel yesterday, both in Chicago and
Europe. Ocean freights also took a
turn upward. Indicating that the for
eign shipowner is watching the wheat
market almost if not fully as closely as
It Is being watched by the wheat
grower.
Rev. Mr.- Dean, of Seattle, sees no
reason for paying Baptist ministers
high salaries. What's that? And
eggs 40 cents a dozen In warm weather
and Fall hats bigger and twice as
costly as last year?
Portland physicians demand one
telephone only. And there are law
yers and druggists and all sorts of re
tail dealers, including saloon-keepers,
not averse to saving double expense.
I
Mayor Lane was after a lot of them
here in Portland; now they smirk and
snicker and giggle and talk about "in
structions which being taught return
to plague the Inventor."
. Speculation over what San Fran
cisco is going to do in the three-cor
nered Mayoralty contest Is far more
edifying than the record of the results
of the last similar fight.
It is evident that the Portland Rail
way. Light & Power Company has
abundant confidence in the steady
growth of the city to which its for
tunes are bound.
The heavy rains at Keokuk and St-
Louis must have reminded President
Roosevelt of Portland the day he ded
Icated the Lewis and Clark monu
ment.
With M. O. Lownsdale's philippic
yesterday the annual Oregon apple
war may be said to have begun.
RAILROAD CONTROL IX CANADA
It Would Be Called Anarchistic la This
Country. -Letter
in Newark (N. J.) Star.
We never hear anybody accusing the
Canadians of being Anarchists or Social
ists. They are a conservative, deliberate
people, slow to accept new-fangled things,
and not given to enthusiasm over polit
ical cure-alls. Their railroads have
shown amazing developments in recent
years. Trackage has been increased and
the facilities enlarged at a tremendous
rate. Much of the capital and some of
the ablest officials have come from this
side of the border. Neither investors nor
managers complain of irksome restric
tions nor unwarranted Interference on the
part of the Government. - And yet they
have in Canada a railroad commission
consisting of three members, appointed
for life, with powers more drastic and
far-reaching than is possessed by any
body in this country, state or national.
Here are some of the things that the
Canadian Railroad Commission is em
powered to do:
It may compel the abolition of grade
crossings or compel the railroad compa
nies to construct subways or overhead
crossings.
It may compel changes In time-tables
and require the putting on of additional
trains to meet the traffic.
It may regulate the distribution of
frelghtcars If the question of discrimina
tion be raised.
It may compel the destruction of
switches or sidings for the accommoda
tion of industries.
It may fix rates on passenger or freight
traffic.
It may determine what private property
railroad companies are allowed to pur
chase without the owner's consent.
It may assume Jurisdiction over claims
against the railroad companies.
It may approve or reject all plans for
railroad excursions or new lines, and no
work is permitted without Its approval.
It is charged, by law, with the preven
tlon of discriminations between different
localities. i
It may authorize or prevent one rail
road from crossing or Joining another.
It is required to prevent rebating.
It has power to pass upon all leases.
sales . or amalgamations of railroads.
It has jurisdiction over the telegraph
and telephone lines operated by railroad
companies.
Vast, comprehensive and far-reaching
powers, aren't they? Nothing so radical
or revolutionary ever seriously proposed
In our country? We wouldn't -stand for
anything of the 1 nd, would we? It would
be anarchistic. But some of us may be
unable to understand why a policy that
seems wise, reasonable and practicable
In Canada is impossible here. What In
creases the mystery is the fact that the
capitalists and railroad magnates didn't
pierce the atmosphere with cries of an
gulsh and warning while that legislation
was being enacted. They didn't send a
band of lobbyists to Ottawa to talk and
plan and scheme in order to destroy or
cripple the act. They didn't subsidize
clergymen, editors and politicians to
preach calamity as the Inevitable fruit of
making such a law and compelling obe
dience to it.
No. Most of the Canadian railroad cap
italists and managers approved of the
law, and co-operated In framing it so as
to make Its provisions absolutely fair all
around, and thus reduce to a minimum
friction between the companies and the
public. And the result? General satis
faction.
TARIFF NOT POLITICAL QUESTION
Thonajh It Has Always Been Deter
mined by Political Exigencies.
Xew York Globe.
The truth seems to be that a funda
mental change in the attitude of the
average American toward the tariff has
occurred. He is no longer the thick-and-thln
partisan with respect to it that
once he was. The old heat is absent. It
is not safe to be dogmatic, but evidence
accumulates that an Increasing number
object to longer deeming it a political
question at all. If this is trueIf we
have entered on a time wherein there fs
popular desire for its exclusion from
partisan discussion one can understand
how convinced revisionists withhold
active support from revisionist movements
of the hour, which practically all have
political connotations. One can also un
derstand, which the old school of profes
sional tariff reformers and the old school
of professional , protectionists apparently
cannot, why it is that the old appeals
command on neither side the old audi
ences. Perhaps we are nearer than we
think to the dreamed of era wherein
tariff schedules can be examined rational
ly and calmly and the advice of experts
be deemed of more value than the advice
of stump speakers.
Is it preposteroui to think that the
tariff question can be taken out of
politics and treated soberly and sanely as
we treat other questions that do not so
closely relate to business? In France,
Germany, Belgium, Austria, Italy all
countries with protective duties it is kept
out of politics. In none of these countries
Is there bitterness of partisan conflict
when revision Is attempted.
To Double Life of Umbrellas.
PopularMechanlcs.
The usual way of coming in out of
the rain is to place the umbrella In
the rack of corner with the handle up
ward. This allows the water to run
down and remain a long time In the
metal that holds the ribs together,
which will rust the Joints and rot the
fabric. If the handle is placed down
ward Instead of upward the water will
run away from this point first, and the
whole top will dry quicker.
Why the Hindus Come.
Corvallis Gazette.
Bishop Thoburn must be mistaken.
We might sooner believe that if God
contemplates sending swarms of
Hindus here It Is for the purpose of
uplifting us, raising us out of the mire
of selfishness, commercialism, self
righteousness, bigotry and inconsis
tency in which these astute people see
us wallowing while asking them to
cast away their heathen and accept
our Christian religion.
Money and Appetite Swap.
Philadelphia Record.
"So you ran across dat millionaire
when you was goln' down de road?"
said Meandering Mike.
"Yes," answered Plodding Pete.
"Any conversation?"
"No. We Jes' exchanged thoughts.
I was wlshln' I had his money an' he
was wlshin' he had my appetite."
Doubtless.
Woodburn Independent.
A Republican candidate for repre
sentative is more liable to be elected
If he promises to vote for the Republi
can nominee that if he signed State
ment No. 1.
But the Mayor Is Short.
Baker City Herald.
The Waymire woman and her ac
complices who assaulted Mayor Lane
will probably conclude that it is a
long Lane tnat nas no turn.
HIS ADVICE TO ORGANIZED LABOR.
Notable Pronouncement by Cardinal
Gtbbona on Industrial Problems.
Cardinal Gibbons, in Putnam's Monthly.
Labor has its sacred rights as well as
its dignity. Paramount among the
rights of the laboring classes is their
privilege to organize, or to form
themselves into societies for their
mututal protection or benefit. It
in accordance with natural
right that those who have one
common interest should unite together
for its promotion. Our modern labor
associations are the legitimate suc
cessors of the ancient guilds of Eng
land. In our days there is a universal
tendency toward organization in every
department of trade and business.
God forbid that the prerogatives
which I am maintaining for the work
ing classes should be construed as im
plying the slightest Invasion of the
rights and autonomy of employers."
There should not. .and need not. be any
conflict between capital and labor,
since both are necessary for the public
good, and the one depends on the co
operation of the other. A contest be
tween the employer and -the employed
is as unreasonable and as hurtful to
the social body as a war between the
head and hands would be to the physi
cal body.
No friend of his race can contemplate
without painful emotions heartless
monopolists exhibiting a grasping
avarice which has dried up every sen
timent of sympathy, and a sordid self
ishness which Is deaf to the cries of
distress. Their sole aim is to realize
large dividends without regard to the
paramount claims of Justice and Chris
tian charity. These trusts and monop
olies, like the car of Juggernaut, crush
every obstacle that stands In their way.
They endeavor not always, it is al
leged, without success to corrupt our
National and state Legislatures and
municipal Councils. They are so intol
erant of honest rivalry as to use un
lawful means In driving from the mar
ket all competing industries. They
compel their operatives to work for
starving wages, especially In mining
districts and factories, where protests
have but a feeble echo, and are easily
stifled by intimidation. The supreme
law of the land should be vindicated
and enforced, and ample protection
should be afforded to legitimate com
peting corporations as well as to the
laboring classes against unscrupulous
monopolies.
it tne labor organizations have
rights to be vindicated and errievanren
to be redressed it is manifest that
tney nave also sacred obligations to
oe iuinnea and- dangers to guard
against. As these societies are com
posed of members very formidable In
numoers, varied In character, tem
perament and nationality, they are,
in the nature of tilings more un
wieldy, more difficult to manage, more
liable to disintegration than corpora
tions or capitalists, and they have need
or leaders possessed of great firmness,
tact and superior executive ahllitv-
who will honestly aim at consulting
the welfare of the society they repre
sent, without infringing on the rights
oi tneir employers. They should ex
ercise unceasing vigilance in secur
ing tneir body from the control of de
signing demagogues who would make
it subservient to their own selfish ends,
or convert it Into a political ene-ine.
They should also be Jealous of the
reputation and good name of the so
clety as well as of its chosen leaders
For, while the organization is ennobled
and commands the respect of the nub
ile by the moral and civic virtues of
Its members, the scandalous and un
worthy conduct of even a few of them
is apt to bring reproach upon the whole
body, and to excite the distrust of the
community. The should therefore be
careful to exclude from their ranks that
turbulent element composed of men
who boldly preach the gospel of an
archy, socialism and nihilism; those
land pirates who are preying on the
industry, commerce and trade of the
country; whose mission is to puli down
and not to build up; who, instead of
upholding the hands of the Govern
ment that protects them, are bent on
Its destruction, and instead of bless
lng the mother that opens her arms to
welcome them. Insult and defy her,
I am persuaded that the system of
boycotting, by which members of labor
unions are instructed not to patronize
certain obnoxious business houses. Is
not only disapproved by an impartial
public sentiment, but that it does not
commend Itself to the more thought
ful and conservative portion of the
guilds themselves. .
Experience has " shown that strikes
are a drastic and at best a very
questionable remedy for the redress
of the laborer's grievances.
Cultivate a spirit of industry, with
out which" all the appliances of organ
ized labor are unavailing. Activity is
the law of all intellectual and animal
life. The more you live in conformity
with that law, the happier you will be.
Take an active, personal Interest in
the business of your employer; be as
much concerned about its prosperity
as if it were your own. And are not
your employer's affairs in a measure
yours? For your wages come from the
profits of the concern.
A feverish ambition to accumulate
fortune, which may be called our
National distemper, is incompatible with
with peace of mind. Moderate means
with a contented spirit are preferable
to millions without It.
THE FREEDOM OF JOE THOMPSON
How' the Verdict Struck the People of
Gilliam County.
Condon Globe.
Joe Thompson Is free. An insult to
the honest, fair-minded people of Gilliam
County who have probably spent $5000
or more to give a murderer his Just de
serts. But what cares a man or a set
of men for the peoples' rights as long as
he or they get well paid for their work
even though by doing so they disgrace
the entire community. The people have
no rights 'which tin-horn political bosses
are bound to respect. The Giobe is fight
ing for the rights of the people as against
any man or set of men who hold posi
tions of power and trust conferred on
them by the people and then for a few
dollars betray the peoples' trust and use
that power for the benefit of murderers,
thieves, gamblers, etc., and every gooa
citizen is willing to help in the fight.
"How Would "Mount Hood" Water Dof
PORTLAND, Oct. 3. (To the Ed
itor.) It is but natural that the name
Bull Run should sound unpleasantly to
any patriotic American, even though it
were beautiful, which it is not. what's
the matter with calling it "Mount
Hood water," which it is?
WILLIAM WOODRUFF.
Let Bull Run Stay.
Pendleton Tribune.
Better let. the name alone. Many
cities In the United States would give
millions to have Portland's Bull Run,
name and alL
The Cortelyou Boom
Puck.
It dwelt among the untrodden ways
Behind a fastened lock,
A boom which there were few to praise.
And very few to knock.
A violet by a precious stone
Half hidden from the eye:
Large as a star, when only one
Is shining In the sky.
It lived unknown, and few could know
The day It srrew so dim
It vanished utterly, but, -oh,
. The dlfferenca to him!
I VYR " 1 v Vl jyj
BY LILIAN TINGLE.
tv
OTTOM says "there is not a more
fearful wild-fowl than yon lion liv
ing;" but presumably he had never
met the Welsh rabbit from which even
the most dauntless hunters of big game
have been known to turn aside In fear.
For in these matters a man Is only as
strong as his digestion, and an unerring
aim with the rifle availeth him nothing.
Still the Welsh rabbit Is a popular do
mestic pet nowadays. Every owner of a
chafing-dish knows him; and most people
have their own private and particular
way of concocting him. while the victims
sit around and say in their hearts, "Well.
I guess my recipe Is better than that
one, anyway!"
And yet this Is what one market-man-
heard over the phone recently:
Hello! Is this the X market? This
Is Mrs. Newbride, 761 Honeymoon avenue.
Will you please send up a nice fresh
Welsh rabbit just as soon as you can.
If It's not a very large one perhaps you
had better send two, because I'm expect
ing about 12 people this evening, and my
husband said he thought a Welsh rabbit
would be just the thing, and I want to
be sure to have enough pieces to go
around. And will you please be sure to
send it all properly cleaned and skinned
and jointed, because my cook isn't very
experienced. I think that will be all this
morning."
.
I suppose she thought it was a second
cousin to a Belgian hare. Every properly
brought up person under 40 years of age
must surely remember Sir John Tenntel's
famous drawing of the "Mock-Turtle" In
Alice in Wonderland." But both artists
and writers on natural history have
shamefully neglected, not only the Welsh
rabbit, but many Interesting and savory
creatures, such as the Scotch woodcock.
the English monkey, the apple hedge-hog,
the chicken-terrapin and others. More
over, I find few rabbit lovers are aware
that the Welsh is not the only kind that
is derived from cheese and is incapable
of providing a whapper for "Baby Bunt
of providing a wrapper for "Baby Bunt
ing."
One of my favorite authorities gives In
its index: "Cheese Rabbits, Scotch,
Welsh, English and O'Doherty's." This
seems to suggest In a delicate way that
the Emerald Isle is not behind her neigh
bors In the culinary contest. "The twenty-eighth
maxim of O'Doherty" runs as
follows and is worthy of profound atten
tion: "It is the cant of the day to say
that a Welsh rabbit is heavy eating. I
know this but did I ever feel It' in my
own case? Certainly not. I like It best
in this way however the toasted bread
buttered on both sides profusely: then a
layer of cold roast beef, with mustard
and horse-radish; and then, on the top
of all, a superstratum of Cheshire cheese,
thoroughly saturated while In the process
of toaBting with porter genuine porter
black pepper and Eschalot vinegar. I
peril myself upon the assertion that this
is not a heavy supper for a man who
has been busy all day till dinner In read-"
lng, writing, walking, or riding, and who
has occupied himself between dinner and
supper in the discussion of a bottle or
two of sound wine, and who proposes to
swallow at least three tumblers of some
thing hot ere he resigns himself to tho
embrace of somnus. With these provisos
I recommend toasted cheese for supper."
Then there is the "Fish-rabbit," which
suggests a mermaid's chafing dish sup
per, or something that ought to be kept
in hutches by sea-urchins; it is, how
ever, only scalloped codfish with grated
cheese on top. But for really romantic
names, you should turn to dishes of
oysters. Four college girls were order
ing lunch in their favorite restaurant.
The tall fair one with the big blue eyes
said :
"Angels-on-horseback for me, please."
"And I'll take Pigs-in-blankets" said
the rosy one with the nose "tip-tilted
like the petal of a flower."
vwalter, bring me huitres au lit," said
the thin one with the eye-glasses; and
the little curly-haired one began a long
explanation about wanting some of
"those dear little oyster doodads, all done
up with crinkly bacon, you know." The
experienced waiter said simply, "Four
orders number three."
m m -
You must look in the fish chapter for
Bombay ducks and Cape Cod turkeys;
nor is the Westplialian dish known as
"Blind Huhn" to be found, as you might
perhaps expect, under poultry. "Blind
Huhn" contains, if I remember rightly,
green beans, white beans, carrots, pears,
potatoes, apples and bacon or' ham. with
flour and water and seasoning, but never
a trace of chicken. Perhaps the hen,
"being blind," took trie wrong turning
and never reached the cooking pot: but,
all the same, well-made "Blind Huhn"
is both tasty and satisfying.
The famous . "intelligent New Zea
lander," who is one day to stand among
the ruins of London and presumably
among those of New York and Portland
also may perhaps arrive at strange con
clusions as to the cannibalistic habits ot
the' present generation, if he should hap
pen to find one of our Btandard cook
books and be able to decipher its table
of contents.
Mixed up with names of birds, animals
and fishes, he might find "Whigs,"
"Bridies," "Hermits," "Jolly boys," "Ber
muda Witches,' "Maids of Honor," "Lady
Fingers' (a particularly grewsome idea),
and "Sally Lunns." How is he to know
that these are nearly all sweet little
cakes? And what is he to think of in
structions for preparing "Good King
Henry," "Bishop" and "Spotted Dick?"
A friend of mine newly arrived in
Shanghai did not like a certain dish set
before him during a table d'hote dinner.
Calling the waiter, he summoned up his
best "pigeon English" and said: "Boy."
no wantee, no likee; what fashion this?"
The waiter solemnly tapped his skull and
replied, "Allee same head." Horrible
ideas flashed through the newcomer's
mind and he feverishly caught up the
menu. He read: "Entree; Calves' brains
a la Chtnolse."
"Front Vestibule for Smokers."
Dayton Optimist.
It is difficult for those who do not ubo
tobacco to enjoy a church service while
the room is being charged with tot acco
smoke drifting in through the front Coor.
It might be well to have a private smoking-room
attached to our churches for the
convenience of those worshipers who can
not content themselves for an hour with
out a puff or two.
Harmony.
Milton Eagle.
The sound of heavily laden wheat wag
ons today Is the music of a great indus
try that gladdens the heart