PORTLAND, OREGON, SATURDAY, ' AUGUST 31, 1907.
VOL. XjLVI NO- 14,580.
PRICE FIVE CENTS.
SENATOR
FULTON
OPENS CAMPAIGN
Defines His Platform in
Corvallis Speech, .
PLAN TO CONTROL RAILROADS
Proposes Larger Powers for
Federal Government.
FAVORS TARIFF REVISION
Has Xo Advice as to Statement No.
1, but Will Abide by People's
Decision Advocates Im
provements of Rivers.
SENATOR KCXTON'S PLATFORM.
" FEDERAL, GOVERNMENT The
Constitution of the United State
ssould be no amended that the Gen
eral Government shall have all power!
except the powers expressly dele
gated to the states.
TARIFF REVISION The tariff
should be Judiciously and carefully
revised by friends of the protective
principle.
' STATEMENT NO. 1. No advice to
give: but the legislature alone Is
authorized by the Federal Constitution
to choose United States Senators. Will
. not. however, be a candidate for Sen
"ator before the Legislature If he falls
to get popular vote in June. lflOS.
RAILROADS AND COMMERCE
Favors direct control of all railroads
and commerce by the Government, so
as to prevent monopolies, rebates, or
discrimination. and would enlarge
powers of Interstate Commerce Com
mission. WATERWAYS Increase capacity
'and navigability of rivers and har
bors. Let Government buy locks at Wil
lamette Falls and make river free.
CORVALLIS, Or., Aug. SO. (Special.)
United States Senator Fulton today made
an address before the All-Benton School
Fair. He declared his political principles
In a manner obviously designed to define
his attitude on public questions In his can
didacy -for re-election as United States
Benator. The Senator discussed at
some length the question of the
general powers of the Government
and the powers of the state, and took the
distinct ground that there should be
amendments to the Constitution of the
United States so that the Federal Gov
ernment should have greater specific
power for dealing with International
questions and for the control of pressing
domestic problems.
Would Increase Federal Power.
"I firmly believe." said the Senator,
"that our character of Government,
namely, a republican or representative
form. Is the wisest and best that has yet
been conceived, but I am just as firmly
convinced that Instead of delegating cer
tain specified powers to the General Gov
ernment, all power should be vested In
St and that the states should exercise only
Buch powers as Congress should from time
to time endow them with, or at the
utmost their powers should be limited and
confined to subjects necessary to local
.government and all other powers be
nested in the General Government." The
Benator declared himself unalterably op
posed to Government control of railroads.
The Senator announced that he would
offer at the coming session of Congress a
constitutional amendment which should
vest solely In the Federal Government the
i(power to regulate commerce of every
character, state and Interstate. "All cor
porations engaged in transportation and
in the business of insurance," he said,
"should be formed under National rather
Ihan state laws."
Regarding Statement No. 1.
The Senator discussed at length the
question of election of United States
Senator by popular vote. He defined his
position as to statement No. 1, saying
that he would not deem it incumbent on
tiim to Instruct members of the Legisla
ture as to their duty i that regard. He
pointed out, however, that under the Con
stitution of the United States the Legis
lature and not the people elect the Senator,
and said that a legislator, having taken
oath to support the constitution must de
termine for himself how far he must go
Sn obeying the mandate of the people to
elect their choice for United States
Senator. "While I expect that as a rule,"
Faid the Senator, "the choice of the peo
ple will , be the choice of the Legisla
ture, you can readily see why I do not
feel that it would be proper for me to
Insist that candidates shall subscribe to
statement No. 1. I have no objections to
their doing so. I offer no advice on the
eubject."
Willing to Let People Decide.
The Senator further declared that In
case he should not be successful as a
candidate before the people, he would
retire from the field and he would not
permit his name to be presented to the
Legislature for that or any other office.
The Senator discussed the question of
waterways and said -he would labor hard
for the purchase by the Government of
the locks at Oregon Cltr. He declared
himself in favor of a "Judicious and care
ful revision of the tariff by friends of the
protective principle." The Senator's
speech in full follows:
i
The Wre I have investigated certain
and which will in all probability for an in?
definite period continue to command Its at
tention, the more I have become convinced
that certain amendments to our Federal
Constitution are necessary to their proper
solution. The Government ownership of
railways; the regulation of freights and
fares; the prevention of discriminatory and
preferential rates; the -granting of rebates,
and the suppression of monopolies and com
binations in restraint of trade, are questions
widely discussed and of deep Interest and
concern to every community. We are wont
to congratulate ourselves that we are mem
bers of the greatest and most powerful
Nation of the world, and we may Justly do
so, for. in point of population, wealth, power
and Influence, the United States is practlc
ally without a rival. Experience, however,
has discovered certain defects in our system,
of government, whereby this great Nation,
matchless though she is as an international
force, is powerless to deal with many do
mestic problems of grave concern to all her
citizens and In some instances to all peo
ples throughout the civilized world.
These defects are due to the dual char
acter of our Government; to the associa
tion under one general government, having
enumerated and limited powers, of 45 sov
ereign states, each vested "with the exclu
sive legislative power in all matters ex
cepting such as are by 'the Federal Consti
tution specifically committed to the general
Government. When we Inspect the Federal
Constitution we find that the subjects con
cerning which ' Congress may legislate are
surprisingly few and that without state
legislation we would quickly sink into a
condition of anarchy from which we could
escape only by the highway of revolution.
The legislative power of Congress Is sub-
t ! f " 'A t
t - : J
C. W. Fulton, Oregon Senior Son
ator. Who Strongly Favors In
creased Federal Power.
atantially limited to the following subjects:
How Congress Is Hampered.
To provide for the collection of taxes,
duties. Imposts and excises.
To borrow money.
To regulate commerce among the states
with foreign nations and the Indian tribes.
To coin money, regulate the value thereof
and of foreign coin and to fix the standard
of weights and measures.
To punish counterfeiting.
To establish postofflces and post routes.
To provide letters patent and copyrights.
To establish courts Inferior to the Su
preme Court.
To define and punish piracies and felonies
committed on the high seas and offenses
against the law of nations.
To declare war, provide for Its prosecution
and provide an army and navy, and for
calling forth the militia.
To legislate for the District of Columbia
and such places as shall be purchased for
the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals,
dockyards and other needful buildings.
To dispose of the public lands and make
rules regarding the same and other property
of the United States.
The legislative power on all other sub
jects la vested in the states, each being su
preme in all such matters within Its ter
ritory. How vast is the legislative power
of a single state; how limited that of Con
gress, is apparent at a glance.
We all know that this poverty of power
In our general Government Is the result of
that reluctance to surrender power and that
Jealousy of one another which existed In
the states at the time of the formation of
the Union. The same spirit which so lim
ited and circumscribed the powers of Con
gress under the Constitution, constantly
hampered and embarrassed by unjust and
unreasonable restrictions the Congress under
both the Revolutionary Government and
the Confederation. Indeed It was the con
viction of Hamilton and other Revolutionary
leaders that, had the colonies Immediately
on the adoption of the Declaration of In
dependence, formed a strong central gov
ernment clothed with plenary powers In all
matters properly pertaining to sovereignty,
the War of the Revolution would have been
won several years earlier than It was and
thousands of lives and millions of money
saved. And it is at least probable that had
such a Government been formed under the
Constitution and the solidarity of th
Union clearly and unequivocally set forth,
the War of the Rebellion would never have
occurred.
Weakness of Federal Government.
I have long been of the opinion that the
people of the United States would be far
more able to solve wisely and advantage
ously the great economic, Industrial and
commercial problems that are constantly
arising, were all governmental powers vest
ed In the general Government. I firmly be
lieve that our 'character' of Government,
namely, a republican or representative form,
is the wisest and best that haa yet been
conceived, but I am Just as firmly convinced
that instead of delegating certain specified
powers to the . general Government all
power should be vested In it and that the
states should exercise only such powers
as congress should from time to time en
dow them with or at the utmost their pow
ers should be limited and confined to sub
jects necessary to local self-government and
all other powers be vested in the general
Government. We would not, then, be com
pelled to witness the humiliating spectacle
of our National Government being charged
with the treaty-making power and the con
duct of our foreign relations, yet powerless
to prosecute offenders against the persons
ana property of resident aliens, even though
such offenses left unpunished may involve
us in a war for which the general Govern
ment will have to provide. Nor would we
then be compelled to witness the destruc
tion of a great industry such as is the
salmon fishing industry on the Columbia,
for want of suitable legislation to protect
It. Unfortunately,, the Columbia River Is
the boundary between two sovereign states,
each having concurrent Jurisdiction over its
waters, and neither having exclusive Juris
diction for any purpose. The general Gov
ernment Is void of Jurisdiction in that ter
ritory except for the regulation of com
merce, and hence a mighty Industry Is
dying.
But it Is profitless to discuss what should
have been done in the formation of our
Government. I have slmpVy made these ob
servations as preliminary to the propositions
I wish to briefly consider today.
Two Vital Problems Before People.
There are at the present time two prin
cipal questions before the American people,
namely (1) how can we in the Interest of
the public best regulate and control trans
portation lines, and (2) how can we most
effectively destroy and prevent monopolies
and combinations in restraint of trade?!
That the great transportation lines of the
country must be subjected to Governmental1
supervision and control is quite generally
conceded. It Is also quite as widely agreed
that monopolies and combinations in re
straint of trade must be prohibited and de
stroyed. The only and the sole question is,
how can these desired results be best at
tained? As for the railway lines some peo
ple contend that the Government should ac
quire and operate them. To that plan I am
unalterably opposed for reasons so numerous
and requiring so much time to state them
fully that I shall not undertake to discuss
them nere at length. Briefly, I am opposed
to the Government engaging in any business
that can be as well conducted by private
citizens or agencies, for I would not cir
cumscribe, but rather would enlarge the
field for individual activity, industry and
enterprise. I do not believe the Govern
ment can operate, railway lines as econom-
OPTIMISM
REIGNS
TL
Merchants Find Good
Times Prevail.
CANVASS OF WHOLE COUNTRY
Wall Street Alone Given Over
to Pessimism.
BUYING HEAVILY AS EVER
OTer 3000 Merchants and Bankers
Find Xo Depression Crops Good,
Prices and Wages High, and
AH Is Well.
NEW YORK, Augr. 30. (Special.) Re
markable for their optimism are the re
plies from more than 3000 retail merchants,
Jobbers and bankers regarding the busi
ness outlook of the country, which are
printed today In the Dry Goods Economist.
They show that there is no evidence of
business depression, that on the whole the
retailers are purchasing as heavily as
they did last year, and that all are look
ing for a continuation of prosperity.
There is not the slightest evidence of
the pessimism that has pervaded Wall
street. Where there Is a trade depres
sion, it is due to local conditions, as,
for Instance, in San Francisco, where on
account of the labor troubles the mer
chants have not purchased as heavily as
heretofore, in other placea the merchants
for the most part state that it is be
cause prices are so high that they look
for a lower level and are purchasing for
the immediate demand only.
Five Questions Asked.
Five questions were asked by the Econo
mist of its subscribers in making the
canvass of the business conditions. They
are: ,
"What are the crop conditions of your
sections?
"How .are the farmers fixed financially?
"Is labor well employed or otherwise in
your city and vlcinityT
"Do you observe any condition which
woulu cause you seriously to apprehend
any decline from present prosperity T
"Have you bought as freely as you did
last year at this time?
High Prices and Good Crops.
In classifying the replies, the states and
territories were placed In five great divi
sions. In all of these on the whole the
prospects for good crops are bright and.
where the crops are lighter than here
tofore, the higher prices more than com
pensate. In all sections there appears to
be a scarcity of available labor, while
unusually high prices are being paid.
"All's well," is the summary which the
Economist makes of the situation in the
entire country.
Mangold Marries Michigan Girl.
CHICAGO, ' Aug. 30. The marriage of
Miss Georgia C. Bondy, of Grand Rapids,
Mich., and Frank E. Mangold, of Port
HE CAN HAVE HIS
THROUGHOU
NO
It
land, Or., took pitfee Saturday evening at
the home of the bride's grandmother, Mrs.
S. T. Turner, in Grand Rapids. They will
reside in Portland. . -
JAPANESE SEALERS WIN
Government Dismisses Libel Pro
ceedings for Poaching.
WASHINGTON, Aug. 30. After
careful' consideration of all the facts
concerning the seizure and of the sub
sequent proceedings to forfeit the
Japanese schooner . Nitte, alleged to
have been engaged in illegal sealing
operations in Alaskan waters, the De
partment of Justice has disapproved
of the forfeiture proceedings. The
Nitte, . therefore, will be turned over
to her crew and permitted to - depart
from Unalaska.
The proceedings instituted by this
Government involved the crews of two
Japanese schooners, the Kalwo and
Nitte, individuals of both crews hav
ing been caught In the 'act of taking
seals within the American water
boundary. These men were convicted
and the remainder of the crew was
Richard Mansfield, the Great Actor,
Who Died Yesterday.
acquitted. A libel was filed against
the schooner Nitte, although the
Kalwo was released. This llhel pro
ceeding the Department of Justice now
has abandoned.
CAXXOT GIVE TEXTS TO SICK
War Department Offers to Sell Them
to San Francisco.
WASHINGTON, Aug. 30. The War
Department has declined to grant the
request of the Mayor of San Francisco
for tents to accommodate the patients
in city hospitals who are to be re
moved from the buildings to reduce the
chance of extending" the ravages of
the plague. Acting Secretary Oliver was
urged to comply with the application
by Surgeon-General Wyman, but failed
to find any legal authority for the gift
of tents. He replied, however, that he
would sell the city of San Francisco
any number of tents necessary. So
far no answer has been received to his
offer.
GIVES "CP JOINT STATEHOOD
Koosevelt Accepts Decision of Ari
zona and Xew Mexico.
OYSTER, BAY, N. Y., Aug. 30. By the
authority of President Roosevelt, James
R. Garfield, Secretary of the Interior, an
nounced today that no other effort will
be made by the Administration toward
bringing up again in Congress the ques
tion of the Joint statehood of Arizona and
New Mexico. The verdict of the people
recently expressed in these territories will
he accented by the President as final, Mr.
Garfield said.
CHOICE; LET'S HOPE HE'LL,
7
r- .
f.r v - V
(pi
THIRD TERM IDEA
IS NOT FAVORED
Northeast TakesRoose
velt at Word.
WOULD NAME TAFT OR HUGHES
Either Would Carry on Work
Roosevelt Began.
TAFT IS FIRST CHOICE
New Tork Wants Hughes to Finish
State Reforms and Develop Into
Presidential Timber Other
' Candidates Not Mentioned.
OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU, Wash
ington, Aug. 30. Up in New England
and through New York state Repub
lican voters, with few exceptions, take
no interest in the movement to bring
about the renomlnation of President
Roosevelt. Not that the voters disap
prove of Mr. Roosevelt and his course
in the White House, for that would
not be a correct statement of the
situation, but merely that they admire
him, believe him to be a man of his
word, and ' that he, having said he
does not desire and will not accept
another nomination, some man other
than he must be nominated next year.
On a two weeks" trip through New
York Btate and New England your
correspondent failed to find a single
voter who favored the renomlnation of
Mr! Roosevelt, and yet nearly every
one questioned commended the Presi
dent for what he had done and ex
pressed the belief that the country
would bo the gainer if Mr. Roosevelt
could be persuaded to accept another
nomination. But Mr. Roosevelt has
said he does not want another nomina
tion and would not accept another
nomination, and the better class of
people-the thinking class in New
Ujigland and Nev York have such
faith in. the President that they are
willing to take him at his word.
Believe He Means It.
It Ms rather strange that among so
many Republicans who voted for Mr.
Roosevelt in 1804, but who are not
willing to support him for renomlna
tion, not one mentioned any fear of a
third term. Their opposition to the
renomlnation of Mr. Roosevelt is not
due to any apprehension as to the out
come of the election, nor to any ap
prehension of wnat might happen
should Mr. Roosevelt be re-elected.
But Mr. Roosevelt has spoken, and
that, to their minds, is enough.
Perhaps sentiment in the northeast
end of the country might be illustrat
ed by a conversation with a hard
headed Yankee residing in Connecti
cut. This life-long Republican had
voted for Mr. Roosevelt in 1904, and
he enthusiastically commended the re
forms that Mr. Roosevelt had inaugu
rated and carried out. He had no
criticism to make of the way Gov-
TAKE THE APPLE
ernmental affairs had been conducted
since Mr. Roosevelt first entered the
White House. '
"Do you favor the renomlnation of
Mr. Roosevelt?" was asked.
"Certainly not," he replied.
"But you believe he has mads a
good President, yet you do not want
him continued In office?"
Must Respect His Wishes.
"The country never saw a more
prosperous time than it has during
Mr. Roosevelt's administration," was
the reply, "and a great measure of this
prosperity is due to President Roose
velt. He understands "the conditions
that exist; he knows the needs of the
people;, recognizes tiat corporation
abuses have grown to outlandish pro
portions, and he has done more than
any other President 'to preserve the
rights of the people and to curb the
usurpations of the corporations. For
this and for much more the country Is
indebted to Roosevelt, but we must
remember that the President has said
he does not want another nomination,
and there is no doubt In my mind that
he was absolutely sincere. If he feels
t . 5
t , "o ' I
Edwin Hawley, Former Official of
Alton Railroad, Whose Evidence
Convicted Standard Oil Company
in Rebate Trial.
that way about it, we must respect
his wishes."
"But would you favor another term
for Roosevelt if the convention should
unanimously indorse him?" was asked.
"Of course I would vote for Roose
velt If he should be renominated, but I
cannot conceive that any convention
will overlook the personal desires of
a man who has given the country the
best years of his life, and who has
expressed a desire to retire."
"Who do you think will be nominat
ed if Roosevelt Is not named?"
Others Can Continue Work-
"Well," came the drawling answer,
after a moment's thought, "that's a
pretty hard question to answer. There
is no question but what Roosevelt is
far and away the biggest man in the
Republican party today. We haven't
got a second Roosevelt, but we have
some pretty good material. The re
forms have been begun, and that was
the hardest part of the work mapped
out by the President. If we can nom
inate and elect a man who bel.eves In
the Roosevelt policies, and a man who
is strong enough to withstand the
pressure that Is sure to be brought to
bear by the corporations, we need
have nothing to fear. We will not get
a. man who at the outset will inspire
the same confidence that Roosevelt
does today, but, if wo pick the right
man, the reforms will go on. prosperity
will continue so far as it is in the
power of the Government to guarantee
prosperity, and In the end the country
will be Just as well off as it would be
f Concluded on Page 2.)
CONTENTS TODAY'S PAPER
The Weather.
YESTERDAY'S Maximum temperature, 68
degrees; minimum 49.
TODAY'S Fair northwest winds.
Foreign.
Moors surprise French and press them hard,
but are beaten. Page 7
Kalsers daughter to Marry Spanish Queen's
brother. Page 2.
National.
Government drops suit to condemn Japanese
seal poachers. Page 1.
Politics.
New England and New York for Taft for
President. Page 1.
Domestic
Richard Mansfield, actor, dies. Page 3.
Adventures of American In search of a war.
Page 3.
Ex-Governor Durbln offered bribe to sur
render Taylor to Kentucky. Page 2.
Aged woman accused of poisoning brother-in-law.
Page 4.
Canvass of merchants shows prosperity
everywhere exceot in Wall street. Page
.1
Fifteen killed In trolley-car collision. Page
8.
Pension Commissioner Warner loses, will
contest. Page 1.
Great electric Invention by Italian. Page 2.
Oregon GuardBmen stand high in rifle
tournament. Page 2.
(Sport.
Portland shut out by San "Francisco. Page7.
Pacific Coast.
Jury convicts Glass of bribery. Page 1.
Commercial and Marine.
First sale of new hop reported. Page 18.
Conditions In sugar market. Page 15.
Stock trading light and prices irregular.
Page IS.
Bull market In wheat at Chicago. Page 15.
Two grain ships are chartered at 28s Bd.
Freight rates advance. Page 14.
Portland and Vicinity.
Arrangements completed for monster celebra
tion Labor day. Page 11.
Oregon lumbermen oppose Washington's "gate
way" suit. Page 11.
Baby Tomlln turned over to Aid Society by
court. Page 14.
Sheriff Stevens bitten by drunken rowdy, who
resists arrest. Page 16,
Aspirants for office already appear, with pri
maries seven months away. Page 10.
Governor Mead, of Washington, discusses irri
gation. Page 10.
GLASS CONVICTED
ON FIRST BALLOT
Found Guilty ofBribing
Supervisors.
CRIME BROUGHT HOME TO HIM
Only Fifteen Minutes to Reach
Agreement.
GLASS REMOVED TO JAIL
Heney Makes Vigorous Closing
Speech, Holding Up Methods of
Corporations to Reprohation.
Sentence Next Wednesday.
SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 30. After de
liberating about 15 minutes, the Jury in
the case of Louis Glass, vice-president of
the Pacific States Telephone & Telegraph
Company, tonight returned a verdict
finding him guilty of bribing Supervisors.
Only one formal ballot was taken, the
Jurors being unanimous on an Informal
ballot.
Assistant District Attorney Heney made
the closing argument and spoke for an
hour and a half, during which time ha
took occasion severely to condemn the
modern methods of some corporations in
doing business and charged that they
were undermining the government. The
session was held in one of the smaller
halls and only a limited number of spec
tators could be accommodated. A thou
sand people waited outside the building
and listened to the words of Mr. Heney,
who could be heard through the open
windows.
Judge Lawlor concluded his charge at
9:3S o'clock and the courtroom was then
cleared. Ten minutes after the order was
given the Jury was deliberating and with
in 15 minutes Foreman Flood announced
the verdict of gflllty. Mr. Dclmas was
not present, but Mr. McPike, his asso
ciate, moved for a stay of Judgment.
Next Wednesday morning was fixed as
the time for passing sentence. It was
stated that Glass would be conveyed to
the County Jail tonight.
Assistant District Attorney John
O'Gara spoke for half an hour and
concluded the opening argument for
the people in the Glass bribery trial
this morning. He was followed by T.
C. Coogan for the defense, who spoke
for two hours. In the middle of his
speech Judge Lawlor Interrupted and
gave the Jury a recess of Ave minutes
to relax the strain.
The burden of Mr. Coogan's argu
ment was, as In the former trial, the
utter lack of direct evidence connect
ing Glass with the commission of the
crime charged, namely, the bribing
of Supervisor Lonergan. '
WARNER LOSES WILL SUIT
STEPMOTHER GIVEN DOWER
RIGHT IX ESTATE.
1 Charges Against Her Dismissed and
Pension Commissioner Loses Con
trol of Millions.
CLINTON, 111., Aug. 30. (Special.)
Vespasian "Warner, United States Com
missioner of Pensions, lost today in his
fight to get full control of the Warner
millions.
Judge Cochran, In a long opinion, held
that Mrs. Isabella Robinson Warner, step
mother of Commissioner Warner, is en
titled to her dower rights in the estate
of John Warner, the Commissioner's
father. This will entitle her, in round
figures, to a life interest in $650,000. the
value of the estate approaching J2.000.000.
An antenuptial agreement entered into
by the widow and John Warner was heia
by the court as not in efTect. This pro
vided that Mrs. Warner was to receive
$500 a year during the life of her hus
band and JIO.OOO when he died.
Mrs. Warner, in fighting for her dower
rights, declared -that the agreement was
made under a misapprehension. She said
she was induced to sign it through fraud
and that John Warner deceived her as to
the amount of his wealth.
The case has been bitterly fought. It
was made sensational by the charge of
Commissioner Warner that his step
mother was partly of negro descent; that
she induced his father" to marry her un
der false pretenses in order to get his
money, and that she therefore ws not
entitled to any part In the estate. The
charges are dismissed by the court as
not worthy of consideration.
WITNESS FEES PAID JOHN D.
Check for $8S Will Help Him to
Pay His Fine.
CHICAGO, Aug. 30. The witness
fees and mileage claimed by John D.
Rockefeller for his appearance before
Judge Landis some weeks since, were
paid today. A check for $83 was mailed
to his home in Cleveland.
HT1 1Q7.2J