8
THE MOK515U UK KliUJN IAIV. FRIDAY, JtTXE 21, 1907.
i:
tran
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I
"RUTLAND, FRIDAY-, JUNE 21, !"
I ) HOMICIDE AS A REMEDY'.
j! "He was the despoiler or my home,
i! and I have killed him." It has become
' a frequent remark. But it never Is
spoken by a man who has a sense of
' his own dignity, and .probably never
j by one who has been to his wife what
': a husband ought to be.
J It is conceivable that there may have
I been faithless wives, in cases where
j the husbands were without fault; but
j every person of Just and fair mind
I knows that such cases are extremely
j rare. Nor are the thoughts of such
i husbands apt to turn to homicide as a
j remedy, for It Is no remedy at all.
Besides, this species of homicide ts
j nften the consequence of a jealous sus-
j plcion. as unreasoning as unfounded,
! and the "home" which such a man
j ays has been "despoiled" must have
i been anything but a paradise,
i Of the man who actually enters the
l 1 home of another to debauch It, It must
: be said that he deserves any fate. But
blind Jealousy, acting on mere suspl-
cion. Is most unfit to pass Judgiment
i and to act upon It. Moreover, no man
! ever became the despoiler of the home
'-.tf another unless the woman were as
Muclv to be blamed as he possibly
fTTrpuld be,' and even more. If, then, the
husband, to set himself right. Is to take
. the life of one of them, why does he
! rot make his Justification complete
; by taking the life of the other also?
The husband has a right to expect
) fidelity In the conjugal relation, and so
1 has the wife. Yet the husband Is much
I more often the sinner. But fidelity in
! the conjugal relation is not to be en
forced w iht Implements of death, nor Is
vengeance so to be taken for breach
of it. "What kind of husband, a man
1 has been to his wife may be judged
, with approach to infallible certainty
; by the alacrity he discovers In taking
1 the life of the man whom he suspects
; of improper intimacy with her. Even
I If his suspicions are well-founded, it is
i not the remedy to which the manly
i man ever will resort. For it is no
t remedy: the injury. Indeed, is remedi
: less, and insane vengeance only recoils
i on him who executes it.
Concerning the Unwritten Law which
has coma to play so Important a part
in American life, it is .proper to ask
three Questions: What is it? Who
makes it? And to whom does it ap
ply? rlrst, then, the Unwritten Law
Is a rule of conduct which is being cre
ated to supplement the deficiencies of
the written law. to improve its defects
and cure its injustice. The Coroner's
Jury who acknowledged the unwrit
ten law in Bowlsby's case at Astoria
said definitely In their verdict that he
was "Justified in shooting Jennings on
account of the lack of statutes cover
ing crimes'" such as Jennings had
committed.
In this instance the crime was the
reduction of Bowlsby's wife. Not long
go a young man In East Portland,
toy permission of the unwritten law,
hot1 the betrayer of his sister with
much applause from the public and
the explicit approbation of the pulpit.
In that case also there was a lack of
statutes to cover the offense of the
man who was killed. Should Reynolds,
who has just shot Herbert for calling
tipon his wife, be brought to trial, he
also will, of course, invoke the protec
tion of the unwritten law and he can
plead with truth that there are no
Iratutcs to cover Herbert's alleged of
nse. It is nowhere forbidden In the
criminal code of Oregon to call upon a
isniui.it her home.
' All those offenses against morals
ind good taste which are not made
punishable by statute fall within the
purview of the inwritten law. The
Indiscriminate penalty for all of- them
teems to be death, and the executioner
!s the offended party. The application
if this very inclusive code Is thus ad
tnirably expeditious., nor is it cum
bered toy useless formalities. Like a
Judge enforcing an injunction, the of
fended individual under the unwritten
taw is accuser, jury, court and execu
tioner all in' 'one. He makes the law
I t suit himself and applies It unham
pered by idle ceremonies. The oppor
tunities and advantages of .the. un
written law, like those of injunctions,
are only beginning to be understood.
For example, there is no statute for
bidding a book agent to pester one as
much as he pleases. Therefore, ac
cording to the widely accepted rule
which the Astoria jury approves, any
man may -shoot a book agent on sight.
The same blessed privilege seems to be
available against the assaults of life
Insuraivce men and peddlers. The un
written law permits one to slay them,
since the Legislature has neglected to
penalize their annoying importunity.
Everything-which is not a crime un
der the . statute is a crime under the
unwritten law, and. punishable by
death. If Mrs. Jones scorches the bis
cuit, Mr. Jones has a perfect right -to
shoot her under this beneficent code.
If Algernon, charmed by the bewitch
ing Angeline. inflates the family "gas
bill by staying too late, ipapa' may
brain him with an ax. Further illus
trations of the applicability' of the un
written law will occur to every reader.
Why should we permit the bore, the
mother-in-law, the young woman who
plays the piano, longer to cumber the
earth? There is no statute against
them, hence they may be slain by
anybody who feels Jike doing it.
Who makes . the . Unwritten Law?
Any.body that has 'a suspicion, a
grudge or an object " to gain by an
other's death. Judges make unwritten
law .when they "interpret',1 the stat
utes or the Constitution, forbid lawful
acts by injunction,.-or broaden old pre
cedents to cover new ' ground. Juries
make it when they acquit prisoners
contrary to the evidence, and lawyers
when they bewray the courts Into by
and forbidden paths. Every canting
catch phrase which can work upon the
sloppy sentimentality of Imbecile jury
men and hysterical preachers may be
used to widen the -unwritten code.
Observe how Reynolds rings the
changes upon "standing by his home"
and the "'danger from a despoiler."
"'showing the white feather" and all
the rest of the catalogue' of cant. His
home was in no apparent danger: if
there was a despoiler he did not know
it, since by his own account he had
never seen Herbert , before. 'He was
suspicious, he lost his temper and that
was enough. The Instant' a man loses
his temper, either he Is Insane or he
Is allowed to add a section to the un
written law. In both cases he may
wreak his passion without fear of
consequences. Mobs make unwritten
law when they burn negroes at the
stake and street railway corporations
when they slaughter human .beings to
save the price of lenders. The spe
cious and seductive phrase "unwritten
law" is but another name for anarchy,
and wjien- it prevails In everything as
it already does In many' things,, we
shall have no further 'use for courts.
Those of us who are not killed our
selves will be a;ble to kill ajl who ven
ture to annoy us.
We see, therefore, that the Unwrit
ten Law applies to everybody. No one
can tell at what unlucky moment he
may transgress some of Its shaaowy
commands. An angry brother, a Jeal
ous husband, an excited mob, a hys
terical Jury, all having authority to
make law and execute It, may con
demn any man to death at any mo
ment. To abide by tbe written code
and amend It when the need arises
would not be so thrillingly end slop
pily exciting as life seems likely to be
come under the Unwritten Law, but
would It not upon the whole be more
sensible?
THE ROSE FESTIVAL.
There is no reason in the world why
Portland should not hold a rose festi
val every year. Our weather in June,
the month of roses,: is always beauti
ful. The mountains are clad in their
tenderest green. The fields,, and -orchards
-are at 'the. height of their
charm.
In mid-June rural labor pauses for
a few days. Planting is over, harvest
has not begun. The farmer with his
famiry may well take a holiday in the
city before the heat of Summer sets
the streets ablaze, and 'withers the
petal of rose and lily. The school
year is almost ended. Study, is over,
vacation at hand. Why should not the
children march by thousands through
the 6treets every year, as they have
this year, beautiful in their joy and
hope, lovely as the rose wreaths they
bear ?
All our other holidays are weighted
with solemn thought or sorrowful
memories. They commemorate our
National heroes and history, or they
are sacred to grief for the dead or they
are dedicated to reverent thankfulness
to the Almighty. The Rose Festival
alone is a season of pure Joy, a day or
two captured ' from business and
thought and worry to bask in sun
shine and breathe the fragrance of
flowers.
Everybody will be happier and bet
ter all the rest of the year for the fes
tival of roses. Old men. will be
younger, young men wiser; for there Is
nothing that contributes so much to
wisdom as innocent joy. The happiest
people in the world are the wisest. Let
us therefore be happy, at least for a
day or two every year. Let us banish
care and worry and bask in the odor
of roses. Let the bands play and the
children march and the crowds shout
with the clear sky over all and the sun
bestowing his abundant blessing upon
earth and man. And- with every recur
ring June may the flowers be sweeter,
the sky softer and the children lovelier
until we shall forget how to begin the
Summer without our Festival of Roses.
THE Ft Kt. SHORTAGE.
With cordwood selling around JS per
cord, slabwood t3 to ti per load, and
coal $10 per ton. and up. the threat
ened fuel shortage has become an ac
tuality. No one is suffering from cold
and for a few months longer we can
cook with-gas; out- the .prices quoted
prove quite conclusively that a fuel
shortage is" no longer threatened, but
actually exists. There are stlrl count
less millions of cords of wood, within
a few miles of Portland and the mines
of the Northwest contain deposits of
coal which, cannot be exhausted for
decades and possibly' centuries. Nor
have the oil wells been pumped dry.
On every hand, in fact, there is plenty
of evidence of an -abundance of fuel,
but it is not available for Immediate
use. The. situation is interesting as an
Indication of '.he enormous industrial
expansion of the country. "
A few years ago there was an' abun
dance of fir wood obtainable for all
purposes at from $2 to 2.50 per cord,
with slabwood selling at Jl per load.
Discovery of oil in California and the
low prices at which, it was sold failed
to have any weakening effect on the
market ' for either cordwood, slabwood
or coal, and' since July 1, 1906. there
have been received at Portland by
water 1,550.000 barrels of oil and 40.000
tons of coal, all of which has been con
sumed about as fast as it arrived. The
new industries that have been started
in this city and state have been so
numerous that they have increased
the demand for fuel and at the same
time have drawn on the labor supply
so heavily that there is an insufficient
number of men to cut wood and mine
coal.
There is nothing unwarranted in the
warning which the railroads are send
ing out to the people advising them
to lay in their fuel supplies early. The
view of -the situation taken by the
largest coal-producing company on
the Pacific Coast is reflected in the
fact that this same company now has
under charter tonnage with a capacity
of 100.000 tons to bring coal to Oregon,
Washington and California ports from
Australia. All this, with their own
mines working well up to their capa
city with as many men as can be
pressed into service. The days of
cheap fuel are not yet over, but it is
very doubtful whether there will be
much of a recession In prices or an
accumu'atlon of stocks until there Is a
slackening in the unparalleled move
ment of trade and transportation of all
kinds. When railroad companies oper
ating mines right along their own lines
buy by the shipload Australian coal in
no way superior to their own product
and pay the freight on a voyage
nearly half-way round the world, the
strained nature of the situation can be
understood. As to the cordwood ques
tion, a few thousand men could make
big wages by going Into the woods and
beginning to get out a supply for next
year.
THE PEOPLE AND THE FORESTS. '
Control and disposition of the public
lands is one of the most Important
problems now before the American
Government, for we have reached a
period in our development when con
trol of natural products vitally affects
the personal and bustness interests of
all the people. That the .public land
should be given free to the people has
long been one of our most cherished
principles. This principle was based
upon the theory that free land meant
cheap homes and consequently many
homebuilders. To the extent that free
land, or even cheap land, increases the
number of home-owners who get their
living from the laud they have thus
acquired, the policy of giving away the
public domain is a wise one and has
never been seriously questioned or at
tacked. But there are different kinds
of public land and different purposes
for which ownership is desired. The
public land -policy was framed at a
time when the Great West meant the
prairie region east of the Rocky
Mountains, where the settler could
build his cabin-, plow the sod, sow the
grain and raise a crop the second sea
son, if not the first, after settlement.
The expression "public land" conveyed
a mental picture of land that could be
tilled or that was suitable for home
building. While it was then known in
a general way that much of the public
domain was tirrtbe.-ed or contained de
posits of coal, the ultimate value of
these natural products was not appre
ciated. Heavily ' timbered land was
scarcely considered in forming the pol
icy which contemplated the giving
away of the public domain to home
builders. In recent years, however, we have
come to realize tbe value of timber and
coal lands, and understand that pur
chasers of either do not seek the land
.with a view to building homes thereon.
.We now .perceive that the public land
policy, as it applies to tillable land,
should be different from the policy
that determines the disposition of tim
ber and coal lands. The man who ac
quires tillable landi usually expects to
go upon It and make It productive. The
man who acquires timber land hopes
to sell it to some large corporation.
.The corporation, founded by men who
foresee a scarcity of timber, expects to
bold the timber land until it has great
ly enhanced in value. The wait may
be ten, twenty-five or fifty years, but
.the certainty of advancing value
.makes the purohase a safe speculative
investment. Much of the timber land
goes into the possession of corpora
tions that do not desire It for milling
purposes, but expect to make a profit
by . reason of the future conditions of
supply and demand. Tillable land
goes to the people timber land to the
capitalistic few who expect to levy
tribute upon the .people who eventually
must buy the timber in the form of
lumber. -
Out of this difference in the charac
ter and the purposes for which It
is acquired has grown the forest re
serve .policy, which contemplates the
reservation of lands not suited to
homebuilding but which are either
valuable for present growth of timber
or may become valuable when trees
now young reach maturity. To pre
vent Wanton destruction of timber,
young and old, andi to retain owner
ship in the Government, is the end to
be accomplished by the forest reserve
policy. At no time has the reserve
policy contemplated the withholding of
lands suited to settlement or the with
holding of timber needed for the man
ufacture of lumber. The forest reserve
policy therefore includes neither the
retarding of settlement nor the ham
pering of the lumber industry. Inci
dentally, the forest reserve policy ex
tends .to the regulation of grazing on
a reservation, the building of roads,
cutting of timber, etc.
It would be easy to foresee that the
forest reserve idea would meet strong
opposition from those persons who
wish to acquire timber land and those
who wish to graze their cattle upon
the public domain unrestricted. The
capitalist with money to invest can
see no good in a forest reserve.' The
cattle owner who feels confident of
getting his share of the range, if left
to his own devices entirely, has no
word' of commendation for a system of
regulation which guarantees to a
weaker cattleman a just share of the
public range. One would expect, too,
that the great majority of the people,
who have no interest except that pos
sessed by every citizen, would favor
the forest reserve system, for It pro
poses to retain for them the vast
wealth that is theirs.
That there has been strong opposi
tion to the forest reserve idea is due
in part to the abuses which were per
mitted to grow up In It. chief among
them the scripplng evil, which enabled
large corporations to exchange their
worthless lands for good and still re
tiiri their good lands within a reserve.
In a few instances some lands may
have been included In a forest reserve
which should have been omitted. This,
with some inconvenience in securing
grazing permits, may have caused
some opposition to the reserves. But.
In the main, the flgfct now being, waged'
in the public lands convention at Den
ver against the " policy of conserving
the public lands has its origin In the
selfish desires of men who want free
Umber or free range. - -The forest-sys
tem undoubtedly bas its faults, but its
defects are not serious enough to jus
tify throwing down the lines of the
reservations and permitting all who
wish to rush upon the last of the tim
ber lands, seizing them in sections and
townships to hold until the needs of
the people and the concentration of
control shall enable the holders to dic
tate the price of lumber. There are
some indications of an effort on the
part of the timber interests'to control
the convention and determine its ex
pressions upon public land questions.
If sucb a movement has been under
taken and should succeed, the opin
ions voiced by the convention would
have but little weight with the people.
On the contrary, It would tend to make
them more than ever supporters of the
policy which is designed to retain for
the people the land that belongs to
them.
The argument offered that the crea
tion of a forest reserve withholds land
from taxation is a shallow one. If a
timber syndicate can afford to buy a
township of timber and pay taxes on It
for ten years in order to make a profit
on the advance in value, cannot the
people afford to retain that same land
and go without the taxes in order to
realize the .profit on the advance in
value?' Wherein are the people gain
ers If they lose the large profit repre
sented by growing value, and gain the
small amount of money paid in the
form of taxes? And more wherein
have the people profited if they sell
the standing timber to a speculator
today and buy it back from him ten
or -twenty years nence at many times
the price he paid? If a sawmill pro
prietor aneeds logs for his mill, let him
buy from the people's supply of tim
ber at prices that prevail today; but
let him not buy the timber in large
tracts at present prices to hold until
he can exact from the people a much
larger price because he controls the
supply.
The pioneer, reunion just ended was
one of the most enjoyable of a long
series of events of its kind. The at
tendance was large, larger perhaps
than ever before. Many new-old faces
were seen in the hall and at the ban
quet board in the Armory. The weak
treble of women's voices, combined
with the quavering bass of the voices
of men, spoke of the Autumn of life
that had come to those who made up
this eager, expectant multitude, while
the laugh that mingled with the pleas
ant murmurs on every hand' told of
keen appreciation of the occasion. The
ranks of the pioneers thin slowly.
They were sturdy folk In the begin
ning, else they wouldi not have been
pioneers. They worked hard, but they
lived the simple life and it has
brought them to old age in serenity
and contentment, and with a measure
of prosperity adequate to their modest
needs. It does them good to come to
gether; it does the younger genera
tion good to see them together, and It
is a pleasure to the community to ex
tend to them the hospitality which
they so greatly enjoy.
It doesn't pay to borrow trouble and,
having borrowed, to "knock." Not a
few Portland' pessimists declared that
too late a date was fixed for the rose
show; then under the storms of last
week they wailed that the blooms
were ruined. Let the exhibit 'at the
Forestry building be a lesson to the
know-it-alls who publish their advance
opinions. However, the big popular
show is on for today. Portland can
discuss tomorrow the value of roses in
pageantry. ' The parade promises to be
the finest spectacle ever undertaken
here.
A very large part of the Oregon im
migration of 1853 journeyed north
from the Grand Rondo Valley, crossed
the Cascades over the Natches pass
and settled In what is now Western
Washington. In his annual address at
the pioneers' reunion, this week,
George H. iHImes, who was In the
party, recounted all the mam. facts of
that noted immigration. The address
will be .published in the next issue of
The Sunday Oregonian.
A Mississippi man is endeavoring to
collect a fifty-year-old claim against
the Czar for personal property seized
and for banishment from the empire.
The amount is approximately $1,000,000.
The Czar Is still banishing people and
seizing their property, but has not yet
adopted a system for remunerating
any of his victims. The Mississippi
man. should be so thankful that he got
away from Russia so long ago that he
would be willing to forfeit tbe million.
Mrs. Elizabeth Norris, a great-grand-daughter
of Daniel Boone, a na
tive of Missouri, died in Coos County
June 4, at the age of 82 years. She,
came to Oregon in 1846; first settled in
Clackamas County, then moved to
Benton County, and from there to Coos
County. . Her descendants are very
numerous, and include , many great-grand-children.
Coastwise lumber business is dull on
account of the San Francisco labor
embargo, but our exporters are still
loading cargoes for Mexico, Australia,
Central and -South' America and the
Orient. This business, with a few
record-breaking flour cargoes going
out this month, makes possible a fine
showing for the close of the fiscal year.
Fifty residences are under construc
tion at Medford, Or., and the demand
for business quarters far exceeds the
supply. This is only an average sam
ple of existing conditions, not only in
prosperous Southern Oregon, but all
over the state and Northwest.
If all the "actual settlers" on South
ern Pacific lands vote in their new
homes next election, it will be worth
while for the candidates to do some
canvassing in the mountain districts.
Time must hang heavily on the Na
tional Eclectic Medical Association
when it devotes an hour trying to de
nounce Dr. Osier.
Now for some sunshine andi Oregon
farmers will harvest a good hay crop,
not as large as that of last year, but
an average crop.
There should have been a few Afro
American boys and girls in the parade,
just to give it a touch of color.
And not the least enjoyable feature
of this week's festivities . is the ab
sence of deafening sounds.
It will not be surprising if a perma
nent Oregon Rose day shall be a se
quel of the carnival.
Get 25,000 women interested In v
celebration and It must succeed.
Today the Rose is Queen.
THE WAR OX USD-GRABBERS.
Mighty Importance of tbe Conserva
tion of Our Forvata.
' New York Sun.
In resisting the limitless greed of
the land-grabbers and squatters, in
working powerfully to prevent the
spoliation .of the property of the
United States, in safeguarding as far
as possible for future use the timber
lands and fuel lands still owned by
the Government, President Roosevelt
is doing only his duty, the first and
most obvious duty of his office as Na
tional custodian.
The President's perception of the
magnitude of this question, surpassing
In importance every other enterprise
that has engaged his attention, was
clearly declared in one of his two
speeches at Jamestown on Monday.
He marshalled in orderly array the
kindred problems, the reclamation of
the arid lands, the preservation of the
waters which head in the Rocky
Mountains so as to make them of most
U3e to . the people as a whole, the
utilization of the inland waterways as
channels of traffic and the protection
of the natural resources of the public
lands from fraud, waste and encroach
ment; and then. In this striking
fashion, he went on to present them
thus correlated as a single problem:
They are connected together Into one great
fundamental problem that of the conserva
tion of all our natural resources. Upon the
wise solution of this much of our future ob
viously depends. Even such questions as the
regulation of railway rates and the control
of corporations are tn reality subsidiary to
the primal problem of the preservation In the
Interests of the whole people of the resources
that 'nature has given us. If we fall to solve
thla problem no skill In solving- the others
wiU la the end avail ua vfsf greatly.
No truer generalization was ever
drawn, nor was any great task ever
described that is worthier of the en
ergies of a statesman. The position of
the President is unassailable. The
people are with him and will be with
him to the end in the execution of his
policy of defending and utilizing to the
best advantage that which is the Na
tion's own.
OUR GIRLS IN THB EAST.
With Solemn aod Learned Comment on
Their Observations-.
New York Evening Post.
A party of young women from one of
the Pacific Coast States now doing a
grand tour of the country has been
praised unstintedly by a leading news
paper of their state because of their
"loyalty to their state and its cus
toms." To one resident on our west
ernmost .meridian everything -elBe is,
of course, East, and the members of
the pnrty in question buried Chicago
and New York together under strong
ly expressed disapproval. The particu
lar sights and Institutions which occa
sioned this disapproval. It may be
added, are Just those to which the
well-bred residents of these cities also
take exception. So there is no occa
sion for dispute or difference of
opinion. But the reason for character
izing loyalty to the home state
as "refreshing and admirable to a de
gree," is harder to see. The enthusi
astic citizens of the Far West declare,
and with more than a little truth, that
the Jaded New Yorker or Chicagoan
begins to breathe new life when he
sets foot in that favored region; that,
in effect, he can never be quite con
tented again in old effete common
wealths. Why, then, is It not accepted
as axiomatic that the Westerner will
withstand Eastern' allurements and re
main loyal to his own country as he
would remain honest if offered a
bribe? It would be unfair to say that
these Western spokesmen protest too
much. But the "wild and woolly' tra
dition about tho West ought, as it dis
appears, to take with, it the "tinselled
and hollow" tradition about the East,
especially since any given locality is
Eastern or Western, simply according
to the point where one stands to ex
amine it.
Orchard's Statement.
Brooklyn Eagle.
It has become almost certain that
this man has told '"the truth, the whole
truth, and nothing but the truth."
Corroborative evidence has confirmed
what he said, wherever it has been ob
tained, and more such evidence will,
in orderly time, further confirm it.
The man has done without adjectives or
adverbs. He has talked straight on,
with a memory, a calmness, a sim
plicity and a composure that have not
once been jarred.
NO CHANGE IN OUR ATTITUDE
General Porter's Reservation Fully
Explained Officially.
THE HAGUE. June 20. It is official
ly stated that General Horace Porter's
reservation yesterday covering the
right of the United States to present
the question of the limitation of arma
ments does not mean 'that the Wash
ington Government has definitely de
cided to raise the subject. On the con
trary, it is stated that it involves no
change in the American attitude.
The various delegations to the peace
conference met today and selected
members to be assigned to the four
general committees created yesterday.
The real work of the conference will
be done in the committees. A month
is expected to elapse before the next
plenary sitting, as the plan is to have
the committee work well advanced be
fore another full conference. This was
the procedure in 1899, when there was
a period of 28 days between the ap
pointment of the committees and the
presentation of the first report.
As in many instances, especially in
the case of the smaller delegations, the
same members will be assigned to two
or more committees, it will be neces
sary for the committees to assemble on
different days.
BRINGS SUIT FOR ACCOUNTING
Member of Kanawha Syndicate Dis
satisfied W ith Returns of Sale.
ST. LOUIS. Mo., June 20. Suit was
filed in the Circuit Court today by coun
sel representing John S. Jones, petition
ing the appointment of a receiver for the
Little Kanawha syndicate.
The petition asks for an accounting of
the funds of the syndicate, an injunc
tion to prevent George J. Gould. Joseph
Ramsay, Jr., and William E. Guy, its or
ganizers, from exercising any control In
Its affairs.
Mr. Jones, who is a member of the syn
dicate, alleges Gould, Ramsey and Guy
sold the assets for $3,500,000 and paid
$5,500,000 to the subscribers.
TRAIN BREAKS DOWN IN TUNNEL
B. & O. Engine Disabled and Coaches
Pile Up, Injuring Passengers.
MITCHELL, rhd., June 20. East
bound passenger train No. 12 on the
Balltimore & Ohio Railroad was
wrecked in a tunnel one-fourth of a
mile east of here this morning. The
drawbar of the engine broke and the
coaches piled up on the tender. All
left the track except the sleeper. A
number of . passengers were injured
more or less, but no one was killed.
The injured were taken to Cincinnati.
I WILL LEAD THE WHOLE WORLD
Uncle Sam to Have Two Largest
Battleships.
WASHINGTON. June 20. The New
port News Shipbuilding Company, with
one bid at J3.9S7.000, and the Fore
River Shipbuilding Company. of
Quincy. Mass., with a bid at $4,377,000.
were the successful bidders today for
building two 20.000-ton battleships of
the "Dreadnaught" type for the United
States Navy.
The design selected Insures the fact
that the ship will carry as heavy
armor and as powerful armament as
any known vessel of this class; will
have a epeed believed to be the highest
practicable for a vessel of this type
and class, and have the highest prac
ticable readiness of action, with &
Vtqtal coal bunker capacity of about
2300 tons; a speed trial of 21 knots:
a length on the load waterline of
about 510 feet, and an extreme breadth
of about 85 feet. 2 Inches. The
armament Is to be as follows:
Main battery, 10 12-lnch breech-loading
rifles.
Secondary battery. 1 S-ineh rapid
fire guns; four 3-pound saluting Buns;
four 1-pounder semi-automatic guns;
two 3-lnch field pieces: two machine
guns, caliber 30; two submerged tor
pedo tubes.
The hulls of the vessels are to be
protected by a waterline belt of armor
eight feet in width, whose maximum
thickness Is 11 Inches and whose crc-ss
section is uniform throughout the
length of the belt. This belt armor
gives effective protection to the
boilers, machinery and magazine
spaces.
The arrangement of the main bat
tery is to. be suck as to permit a
broadside fire 25 per cent greater than
that of the broadside fire of any bat
tleship built. The average elevation
of the axis of these guns is expected
to be greater than that of any known
battleship, thus affording a distinct
advantage in long-range firing under
all conditions of weather.
The arrangement of the Interior
will be such as to give the maximum
degree of protection to all vital por
tions of the . ship by means of un
usually effective compartmental sub
divisions. The actual total weight of hull and
armor in the proposed designs for the
ships (k approximately 3000 tons
greater than the largest battleship so
far built. The design contemplates an
arrangement for their installation of
reciprocal or turbine machinery.
The bidding brought together the
largest company of shipbuilders and
others Interested in naval construction
that has been seen in the Navy De
partment for many months. The bid
ding was necessarily complex, the
builders availing themselveB of the de
partment's permission to submit all
sorts of combinations and alternative
plans. These Include straight bids
upon the standard type with recip
rocating engines, original bidders' de
signs and combinations of the de
partment's "hull plans with turbine en
gine, some with and some without
cruising turbines. The Newport News
Company alone submitted no less than
seven plans and they were generally
the lowest at all points and with all
combinations.
Bids were also opened for supplying
the armor needed for the two big bat
tleships. For the armor, which is di
vided into four classes, upon the basts
of the difficulty of the shapes required,
the Midvale Steel Company appeared
to be the lowest bidder for the largest
class, namely 7956 tons of class A at
$410 per ton. For 962 tons of armor
in class B, the Carnegie and Bethlehem
companies each bid $400 per ton, while
the Midvale bid was $410 For 392 tons
of class C, the Carnegie and Beth
lehem companies each bid $400 and the
Midvale $410. For 1706 tons of class
D armor, Bethlehem bid $400, Midvale
$410 and Carnegie submitted no bid.
FACES ALMOST CERTAIN ARREST
Social Democrat Returns to Russia
at Call of Party.
ST. PETERSBURG, June 20. J. A.
Alexlnsky, one of the Social Democratic
leaders in the late lower house of Par
liament, who attended the Londen con
ference, has arrived here from Switzer
land by way of Finland, in response to
the call of his party, voluntarily facing
almost certain arrest and long imprison
ment. He crossed the frontier unnoticed
and thus far has escaped the attention of
the police.
M. Alexlnsky plans to visit the factory
districts, addressing secret meetings, and
arousing the enthusiasm of the workmen,
with whom he is Immensely popular, for
a continuance .of the struggle with the
government. He said that he fully ex
pected to be arrested, but if he could keep
out of the hands of the police even for a
week, he would consider the sacrifice well
repaid.
Alexlnsky is an exponent of extreme
measures, and his return has greatly
strengthened the movement for a general
strike, upon which the Social Democrats
are still undecided. He holds that the
government by arresting Social Demo
cratic representatives has declared war
upon the working classes and that it Is
necessary to reply by any means at the
disposal of the proletariat.
DISQUALIFY ACCUSED SIGNERS
Trials Put Off and Candidates May
Not Be Voted For.
ST. PETERSBURG. June 20. The trials
of the signers of the Vlborg manifesto
probably will not be finished before tho
end of the Summer recess, the court
thereby disqualifying the accused as can
didates for election to the third Parlia
ment, but aside from this their punish
ment is not expected to be severe. It
is reported that amnesty will be granted
in most cases in the event of conviction.
THE CHESTY SUMMER CAPITAL,
In the Magazine Section
of t he
Sun day Oregonian
MR. DOOLEY ON
THEODORE ROOSEVELT,
Taking as his topic the pro
posal to make Roosevelt presir
dent of Harvard University, the
Irish philosopher makes some
comparisons that set the coun
try to laughing.
HOMER DAVENPORT
PLEADS FOR ANIMALS
Second of the new series of
cartoons lampooning the in
eradicable desire of men to kill
dumb creatures.
ONLY SON OF THE
CZAR OF RUSSIA
Full page of illustrations in
colors of the heir to the great
throne.
PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT'S
FAVORITE EXERCISE
Striking photographs of the
President on horseback, and
one especially attractive show-,
ing him teaching Theodore, Jn.,
how to hurdle.
BRIDES THE WHOLE
WORLD OVER
A beautiful illustrated page
showing queer customs in for
eign lands in contrast with our
own.
THE GENTLE GRAFTER,
BY 0. HENRY
In this sketch the great hu
morist shows a phase of human
nature we all know but oan't
describe so charmingly.
ONE DAY AT THE
TOKIO EXPOSITION
Annie Laura Miller tells how
the Japanese make interesting
exhibits of the every-day things
of life.
WHERE THE WOMEN
WEAR TROUSERS
Prank G. Carpenter writes of
the strange apparel of girls in
North Africa, some of whom
wear golden nether garments.
DR. FURNIVALL.
PHYSICIAN-DETECTIVE
A fascinating story of the
strange sickness of Whitaker
Ransom, with an unexpected de
nouement. IN THE CHILDREN'S
SUPPLEMENT
Buster Brown and Tige, and
Brownie Clown of Brownie
Town, undoubtedly the best two
pages of comic matter published
in the United States.
ORDER FROM YOUR NEWS
DEALER TODAY
The Minister of War has dispatched
Lieutenant-General Palytsln, chief of
the general staff to Kiev, with instruc
tions to investigate the recent mutiny
of sappers there.
KENT TO JAIL AND FINED.
Land Operators Sentenced for Fraud
and Subornation, of Perjury.
OMAHA, June 20. Thomas M. Hunt
ington and Ami B Todd were sentenced
today by Judge Munger In the United
States District Court to pay a fine of
$1000 each and to be Imprisoned In the
Douglas County Jail for three months.
Fred Hoyt was sentenced to pay a One
of $1000 and to stand committed to the
Douglas County Jail until the fine is
paid.
The sentences are the result of the
conviction of the three men on an In
dictment charging conspiracy to de
fraud the United States out of posses
sion and title to large tracts of land
in Sheridan and Cherry Counties, this
state, by means of false, fraudulent and
fictitious entries and for subornation of
perjury.
. This constitutes the second or last
group of defendants In the Richard and
Comstoclc case.
Boston Boxer Badly Hurt.
NEW YORK ', June 20. Following a
boxing bout in which he participated at
the Longacre Club tonight. Gustave Len
ny, of Boston, was removed to Bellevue
Hospital, where it was said later that his
condition was serious and that he may
die. Edward Smith, his opponent, the
referee, and the seconds were arrested.
Northern Pacific Official Named.
ST. PAUL, June 20. Announcement
of the appointment of J. C. Roth as
assistant superintendent of transporta
tion was made at Northern Pacific
headquarters here today. Mr. Roth's
headquarters will be in Tacoma.
From the Wtshtaffton 6tmr.