8
THE MORXIXG OREG0X1AN, THURSDAY, JTTXE 6, 1907.
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PORTLAND. THURSDAY. JUNE 6. 1907.
JEFFERSON DAVIS.
Under the provisional constitution of
the Southern Confederacy, which was
adopted at Mottomery, February 9,
1S61, Jefferson Davis was elected first
President for a term of one year. The
election was made ty states, each hav
ing one vote, and It was unanimous.
At the end of the year he was re
elected by a unanimous vote. There
were other candidates, some of them
more able than Davis, but none com
manded much support. Davis was a
compromise candidate, and the confi
dence which he enjoyed was more ap
parent than real throughout the war.
While in prison at Portress Monroe he
complained of the disloyalty of the
members of bis Cabinet. Governor
Brown, of Georgia, constantly thwarted
tils plans, and some of the Generals
In the field were his enemies. The fact
seems to have been that there was little
harmony among the Southern leaders,
except such as necessity demanded,
and not always that.
Davla had seen service before his
election to the presidency both in war
and in Congress, but the ability which
he displayed was mediocre. He him
self accounted for his choice to be
President of the Confederacy on the
ground that he was thoroughly repre
sentative of the South; his character
being typical and his opinions those
most dear to the people. He was an
ardent believer in the theory of state
sovereignty. When a conflict arose be
tween duty to. his state and duty to
the Nation, he chose, quite consclen-;
tlously, to obey the state. Like most
of the other Southern statesmen and
commanders, this was what he had
been taught from boyhood, and for be
lieving and acting upon it he cannot be
blamed in the forum of morals; though
he and they can justly be criticised
for bad Judgment. Davis' representa
tive character extends even to his
choice of words and the pompous rhet
oric of his sentences in common con
versation. Barret Wendell remarks
that everything written by a South
erner is pitched some four or five notes
higher than would suit a Northern
man's taste. Davis' conversations with
his physician at Fortress Monroe, all'
of which have 'been carefully recorded,
sound like orations. His remarks are
elaborate, grandiloquent, and not al
ways wise.
For example, he told Dr. Craven one
day that Mexico could never become a
self-governing nation of Its own accord,
but must remain indefinitely under a
northern protectorate. The astonish
ing development of Mexico under the
leadership of Dlai shows how much
value there Is In such prophecies con
cerning even the most unpromising peo
ples. Nobody can tell what any na
tion may bring forth In the way of
clvllltatlon any day. The backward
races of today are quite likely to lead
the world tomorrow. History teaches
that human development Is seldom con
tinuous, 'but usually by long leaps af
ter periods of stagnation. Perhaps
some of the Southern prophecies about
the negro, of which we tiear so many,
may be as mistaken as those of Jefter.
on Davis were about the Mexicans.
Concerning the negro, Davis was not
nearly so ill-tempered in his views as
many of "his people," as he called the
population south of. Mason and Dixon's
line, are now. He believed that the
question of racial Intermarriage, would
settle itself, holding that the union of
whites and blacks was contrary to na
ture and would produce sterile off
spring in the second generation. He
seems to have thought that the ne
groes. If left alone by mischief-makers,
would settle down into a sort of feudal
servitude on the estates of their for
mer owners and that all would go on
much the same as if slavery had not
been abolished. Perhaps this would
have been the case but for the mis
takes of reconstruction; and. if it
would, then those mistakes were for
tunate, since a contentedly servile race
would be the worst evil that could exist
In a democratic commonwealth.
The scandalous connection of Davis
name with the assassination of Presi
dent Lincoln has long since been
proved to be unwarranted. The belief
that he had part in the conspiracy led
to harsh measures. during his imprison
ment at Fortress Monroe. Public sen
timent at the North Imperiously de
manded that he should receive a felon's
treatment, and surely he would have
deserved it had he "been guilty of a
share In that worst of crimes. It was
from General Miles that the Immediate
orders came to put Jefferson Davis in
Irons. The humiliation was unneces
sary, and everybody now agrees that
It was unjustified. But General Miles
had no way to learn the facts at the
moment. (He acted as any prudent
commander would have acted, and It Is
no more fair to blame him for doing
his duty than it was to accuse Davis
of assassination without grounds.
This and other controversies growing
out of the Civil War have now lost
their acrimony, and have become mere
academic subjects for debate among
historians. The North has forgotten
its eagerness to "hang Jeff Davis to a
sour apple tree," and the states that
fought for the Union Join with those
that fought against it in commemorat
ing the virtues of the President of the
Confederacy. That his virtues were
many and distinguished nobody would
think of denying. If he committed
treason it was In a technical sense. As
he himself said, he was forced to
choose between treason either to his
state or to the Federal Government,
and, like Lee and all his colleagues, he
believed that state loyalty was hia
paramount duty. The growth of our
sense of nationality and the happy
decadence of the disastrous theory of
state sovereignty make It difficult for
us to. assume his point of view; but
that he was sincere and morally blame
less is beyond dispute. Perhaps the
worst error of Judgment that can be
charged against him, after the first
and fundamental one of believing that
peaceful secession was possible, was
his purpose to prolong the war In the
West after Lee had surrendered. It
was during his flight to take refuge
with Klrby Smith beyond the Missis
sippi that he was captured, with his
family. ' As things turned out. the cap
ture was the best thing that could have
happened to him. It saved his name
from the disgrace of participation in a
hopeless guerrilla warfare, and it
saved the South from sanguinary
vengeance.
FLECTION BETS.
In making election bets men do not
seem to sacrifice their morality so
much as their common sense, though
both suffer. Election bets may be clas
sified , by the rule which the elderly
Presbyterian deacon applied to fools.
Some men, said he, are fools, some are
damned fools and the rest are blank
blank fools. No bets that we ever
heard of were wise. The only possible
question about them was which was
the silliest.
A man who pledges himself to propel
another through the streets in a wheel
barrow If his candidate loses cannot be
said to debauch the public morals. He
merely disgraces his ancestors. Of him
and his partner in folly it may be truly
remarked that they are two of a kind
and that the fewer there are of that
kind the better. But to advertise for
bets on the streets makes a public dis
play .of depravity which defies morality
and entices the feet of youth upon the
road to ruin.
All bets are bad, and election bets are
no more innocent than others, though
they are often sillier. When a stake of
money is the best argument a man can
make for his candidate, the presump
tion Is either that the voter sets his
pocketbook above his brains or that the
candidate has no merit that will bear
discussion. Money talks, to be sure;
but what It says is seldom true and
never wise. The best it can say for a
candidate is that he has friends who
put him on a level with racehorse's and
prizefighters.
LONG-OVERDCE REFORM.
A Washington special, commenting
on the revolution in methods employed
by Land Commissioner Ballinger, says
that "he has inaugurated In the Land
Office exactly the same methods that
he would employ if he were la charge
of an enormous private business house,
employing the same number of clerks
and transacting the same amount of
business. He Is handling the Land Of
fice from a purely business standpoint.
There Is no sentiment about It." For a
man who has been an active worker
in such a bustling hive of Industry as
Seattle, where drones are scarce, this
Is not surprising, although It undoubt
edly causes a sensation and consterna
tion in Washington. Custom not In
frequently becomes a law; but there is
no good reason why even a poor law
should stand forever without repeal.
It is a well-known fact that nearly
every department lti Washington Is
filled with old and Incompetent clerks,
who have drawn pay for work which
for years they have not performed in
a manner at all satisfactory. There is
no good reason for the existence of
such a conditions of affairs. No false
allurements are ever held out to the
applicant for a Government position.
The emoluments of the position are
known in advance, and the individual
accepting employment, with a full
knowledge of what Is expected of him,
has no legitimate complaint or griev
ance if he is unceremoniously kicked
out of office for failing to perform the
work for which he Is drawing a salary.
Undoubtedly the basis of the trouble
which Mr. Ballinger has undertaken to
correct is the failure of civil service
entirely to eliminate the old spoils sys
tem. For generations the various de
partments at Washington were used as
a dumping ground for Impecunious or
Indolent Individuals who lacked energy
to engage in more strenuous work.
Every Representative at the Capitol
always had a full waiting list on hand,
and it was accordingly more to his ad
vantage or comfort to put In five medi
ocre men at moderate salaries than one
good man at a good salary. As a re
sult of this policy there are undoubt
edly In some departments fifty em
ployes of the barnacle type drawing
salaries which. If paid to men of en
erg?, would show vastly better returns
on the investment. It Is not even clear
that these drones who have grown old
In the service should be pensioned.
They accepted the position originally
without any understanding to that ef
fect, and simply as a business proposi
tion. Every obligation of the Govern
ment to these employes has been filled
when they are paid their salaries for
the time they put in.
If the Ballinger system of reform
can be extended to other departments
It might effect such a saving in sal
aries on men whose services are not
needed that better salaries could be
paid to the men who are actually worth
more money. When an American busi
ness man sends a representative to a
foreign country to drum up trade the
employe is paid $5000 to $15,000 per year.
When the Government sends a repre
sentative he is generally paid from
$1500 to $2500 per year, and is overpaid
at that. Higher salaries for good men
and no salaries at all for poor men
would work wonders In the Govern
ment service, and It Is regrettable that
even Mr. Ballinger is so poorly paid
that he is about to give up his work
before the reforms he has undertaken
have fairly begun.
AS A MAN EATS, SO IS BE.
The poor of Chicago are, it is said,
likely to be reduced to a vegetable diet
because of the high price of meat. If
plenty of fresh vegetables could be
procured at prices which these people
can afford to pay, the change from a
stockyard diet can hardly be construed
Into a hardship. It would, indeed, prove
a decided advantage, especially to chil
dren, who swarm the tenements and
have been wont to subsist chiefly upon
the refuse meat of Packirigtown.
If the theory that as the food is so is
the child "and the man whose tissues
are bullded upon it. Is correct, the poor,
not only of Chicago, but of any great
city, would be Infinitely better off, and
the stratum of society which they form
would be advanced to a higher plane, if
a meat diet were to give place to one
of cereals, fruit and vegetables. There
can be but little doubt as to the cor
rectness of . this theory as applied to
children whose life in the open air is
restricted to the streets as playgrounds
and whose parents can only afford the
cheapest meata that are procurable
upon which to feed meats that are
too often diseased or are stale to the
verge of decomposition. There is good
ground for the belief that, if meat and
cabbage were eliminated from the diet
of the lnhabltants-of the crowded tene
ment districts, the enteric disorders that
are so prevalent and the tubercular
diseases that thrive In such places
would be far less frequent than at
present. The fondness of these people
for cabbage, the most lnnutritious and
Indigestible of vegetables when cooked,
and particularly when "seasoned" with
grease, is one - of the peculiarities of
their diet. Next to this in Una of de
teriorating foods Is meat of the quality
that the very poor are able to buy. The
two, combined with hot, soggy bread
washed down with cheap beer, muddy
coffee or impure milk, form a diet from
which demons might well be produced
or people of the lowest grade of Intel
ligence evolved.
Perhaps, therefore, the advance In
the price of the cheapest grades of
meat in Chicago, putting such food be
yond the reach of the swarming multi
tude designated by the general title of
"the poor," Is a condition upon which
they should be congratulated rather
than commiserated. All -depends upon
the quantity and quality and prices of
substitute foods in the way of cereals
and vegetables. Hygienic food Is of
first Importance in the construction of
a sound body and the evolution of a
clean mind. This being true, it Is the
basis of that quality of reform which,
belivg a growth, gives promise of per
manency. ORCHARD'S TALE OF BLOOD.
The statement made to the Jury at
Boise by Attorney 'Hawley contains the
most astounding charges that have
ever been made in an American court
room. Likewise the testimony of Harry
Orchard, self-confessed assassin of the
late Governor Steunenberg, establishes
a precedent in cold-blooded, deliberate
murder. The trial now fairly under
way at Boise is one in which every
American citizen Is deeply interested.
The prosecution, through Mr. Hawley's
opening statement, has made charges
of such a nature that the people of the
Nation unite In demanding the most
searching Investigation. This demand
will not come from any particular class
or clique, but from American citizens
in all walks of life. The ranks of
union labor are not recruited or kept
filled by men to whom "murder Is a
trado" and '"assassination a means of
livelihood," and every good citizen
who Is a member of a labor union will
Join with those who are not members
and demand the most complete in
quiry into the awful charges that have
been made.
The proudest boast of an American Is
that this Is a free country, but that
freedom has been insulted, outraged
and dragged In blood, and vindication
of the outrage is demanded by every
man who Is a believer In govern
ment and order. Mr. Hawley charges
the "inner circle" of the Western Fed
eration of Miners with dynamiting
mines at Cripple Creek and Independ1
ence, with deliberately-planned mur
ders at other points, and lastly with be
ing the conspirators who paid Assassin
Orchard to murder the late Governor
Steunenberg.
Neither the guilt nor the innocence of
the men has yet been established. It
is only known that these awful crimes
were actually committed, and that thus
far no one has been punished for them.
The United States has a wonderful rep
utation throughout the world. It is
known as the asylum for the free and
a refuge for the oppressed and perse
cuted of all lands. Until within the
past few years crimes -of the nature
charged against the "Inner circle" by
Mr. 'Hawley were unknown. In fact al
most inconceivable. In this country.
But the crimes have been committed
by some one, and an effort Is to be
made at Boise to discover who is re
sponsible for their commission. There
Is not a good American citizen in the
country who would not like to believe
that this awful reign of terror, murder
and arson had never existed; but, as
this cannot be, no trouble or expense
should be spared to fix the blame where
It properly belongs and mete out to the
offenders punishment as near as possi
ble In keeping with the crime.
The men charged with these crimes
will have a fair and impartial
trial, and every opportunity will be
given them to prove their innocence.
If they are innocent, which is the pre
sumption regarding all men until they
are proven guilty, they will have but
little difficulty In disproving the state
ments of a self-confessed assassin, for
testimony of that kind must always be
supported by the strongest kind of cor
roborative evidence.
The Agricultural Department, which
Is always long on statistics and short
In thela accuracy, makes the statement
that "if for each cow, horse, sheep and
hog on the farms of the United States
the farmers support one rat on grain,
the toll levied would reach $100,000,000
per year." This statement is interest
ing for the reason that it opens up an
endless avenue for discussion as to the
amount of money lost through other
pests. Take the potato bug, for Mam
Die, or the chinch bus;, which eats the
wheat before It Is palatable for the rat.
Then there are the Hessian fly, the
woolly aphis and a few thousand
other pests of a similar nature, and all
of them hungry as rats. When this
matter is reduced to figures. It seems
quite plain that the American farmers
are annually lpsing, through the depre
dations of pests, more money than they
have made since the beginning of the
industry.
Speaking of the present fad for Ara
bian horses, the Saturday Evening Post
says:
Trotter breedere need not worry about this
little Bastern Arabian fad. The East must
have Its fad; if It Isn't a French noodle or an
English bulldog. It may be an Arabian horse
or a Tuxedo handshake It must be something
out of the common.
That paper states a well-known fact
when it says further that there never
was a time In the leading horse markets
of the country New York, Chicago and
Kansas City when cheap horses were
in so little demand and first-class
horses brought as much money. The
Lmarket today for the ordinary horse Is
poor, while that-for the good horse was
never so high. Even the Missouri mule,
first-class of his kind, commands a
price heretofore unknown. It Is the old
story so often written from the text:
"There Is room at the top."
The W. C T. U. vigorously opposes
re-establishment of the canteen In Sol
diers' Homes. They regard any provis
ion for allowing the old soldiers to get
beer without going outside of the prem
ises for it as a "calamity." Practical
people recognize the futility of the ef
fort to reform old soldiers by compul
sion, and see the wisdom of giving them
a chance to get a drink of beer under
proper restrictions and surroundings.
Drunkenness Is prevented, not encour
aged, by the temperate view which con
cedes the utter uselessness of attempt
ing to control the desire for drink by
driving vendors of liquors beyond cer
tain limits. Not all old soldiers are
athlrst for Intoxicating or stimulating
'beverages, but it is safe to say that
those who are possessed of this thirst
will find means to quench it.
Discovering tht the miscellaneous
massacre of whites is attended with
considerable danger to themselves, the
rebellious Chinese, near Amoy, have In
dulged In the pastime of killing off a
few of the Chinese officials. This di
version from the usual Chinese massa
cre enables them to get rid of the offi
cials who have in the past
been compelled to punish the
pirates' for infractions of the
law, and at the same time presents
possibilities for the ultimate opening up
of a way for removal of the whites
after their present protectors are killed
oft. As the rebels are gathering by
thousands, and making serious threats,
it may become necessary ifor some of
the Caucasian powers to go over and
shoot some modern civilization Into the
ranks of the bad Chinamen.
The neighbors of an Individual who
attempted to establish a saloon at a
small settlement in Central Oregon dy
namited the building and destroyed the
stock In trade. The act was contrary
to law and the peace and dignity of the
commonwealth, but In new communi
ties considerable latitude Is permitted
In the solution of such questions.
Drink sometimes changes men into de
mons, and Central Oregon is not yet
well enough policed to admit of demons
running at large. Another Incentive
for the outrage may lie in the fact that
that new country also offers plenty of
opportunity for all desirable newcomers
to engage In a more useful as well as
more ornamental calling, than that of
selling whisky.
The President Lincoln, a 22,000-ton
steamer, the latest addition to the Hamburg-American
line, sailed from "Ham
burg on her maiden trip Saturday,
bringing to this country 2940 passen
gers. The name of this new steamer,
like that of the Amerlka, which pre
ceded her dn the same service. Indicates
that the patrrmage which admits of the
operation of such Immense and splen
didly equipped steamers does not all
come from the land where they are reg
istered. Almost any foreigner knows
something about "Amerlka," but the
name President Lincoln will appeal
with more force to the American trade
than to the German.
Dr. J. Allen Smith, head of the de
partment of political and social studies
at the Washington State University, is
out with a statement warning young
people not to marry in the existing
condition of "up-in-the-air" prices. He
asserts that it will require "an act of
Providence to Intervene In. their favor
thereafter to enable them to make both
ends meet." The doctor has appar
ently forgotten the time-honored prac
tice of going home to live with the old
folks as soon as the glamor wears off
and the financial situation shows signs
of a strain.
BJchard Croker is out with the state
ment that he Is still an American citi
zen and . that he expects to die an
American. The well - authenticated
stories of the methods by which the
Croker fortune was accumulated have
had a tendency to .produce a sentiment
among decent people to the effect that
If we must have Croker at all he would
be preferred as an ex-American.
Three men having made a balloon
trip from Washington, D. C, to Harris
burg in four hours, the Pennsylvania
Railroad is Justified in asking the In
terstate Commerce Commission for pro
tection. Five hundred dollars an acre for an
Oregon apple orchard may seem big,
but there are thousands of acres In
Rogue River Valley which in six or
seven years can be made equally valu
able. This dally teeter of quotations be
tween the New York Stock Exchange
and the Chicago wheat pit makes one
wonder who really. fixes the value of
what men call property. ,
It is not flattering to the members of
the Council to be told by 10,042 voters
that their services are worth no more
than the present wage.
There Is great fear of nervous pros
tration in educational circles at this
season of the year. Final examinations
are now beginning.
Mayor Lane unofficially says there
will be no further reforms. A commu
nity that doesn't make progress is
standing still.
Those who bet on Devlin can now
speak of the June dark days.
PRESENT DRIFT OF DEMOCRACY.
New York's Public Utilities BUI Step
in Centralisation of Power.
St. Louis Globe Democrat.
The public utilities " bill which has
Just been enacted in New York, marks
a long step In the centralization of
power which is under way in the
government of the Nation, of the
states and of municipalities. But this
concentration of authority seems to
be demanded by the conditions. We
have just seen a railway regu
lation act passed by Congress which
arms the Interstate Commerce Com
mission with powers far beyond those
granted by the law of 1887, which
was denounced at the time as des
potic and destructive. Charters have
been given by Legislatures to cities
in the past few years which have
granted autocratic authority to
Mayors. In more recent times city
government In the familiar form has
been displaced in many cities, notably
In Galveston, by commissions which
virtually dispense with boards of al
dermen and most of the rest . of the
familiar machinery of municipal gov
ernment. And this new departure in
city legislation and administration is
rapidly extending.
In the olden days when anything
was needed to be done quickly in any
part of the country, the cry was, let
us go to Jackson. That idea dropped
out after Old Hickory's retirement.
But It Is revived in a far more exten
sive way in the days of Young Hick
ory. Roosevelt will do It for us, is
the cry today of the persons who are
Impatient of the old restraints, and
who want things done all at once,
and done permanently. Appeals for
Intervention In more sorts of things
are made to the present President of
the United States than were made to
a half-dozen of his predecessors. The
country is growing with great speed,
all the old interests are rapidly ex
panding, some of them are taking new
forms and varioui sorts of new activ
ities are coming into existence. These
transformations make a great many
persons restive under the old limita
tions and Incite demands for short
cuts and for concentrations of power
into few hands. Thus we have bu1
tans in presidents chairs, czars In the
speakership, and we are getting
kaisers at the heads of our states and
cities. This looks, on the face of
things, like a drift away from de
mocracy, as that term used to be de
fined, but the people seem to demand
it, and as the people spell democ
racy in any way they want to spell
f, this new departure has a chance
to stand.
PENSIONS AFTER 43 YEARS,
Roll of Honor Is Shrinking, for Vet
erans Are Passing; On.
New York World.
It Is 48 years Bince the Civil War was
brought to a close. Few of the survivors
of the 2,666.999 Federal soldiers who were
In the field can today be less than 62
years of age. The roll of the veterans is
shrinking rapidly. Decoration day is a
fresh reminder how fast their ranks are
being thinned by death.
Last February, In passing the Service
Pension law. Congress provided that any
person who had served 90 days in the
Army or Navy during the Civil War and
held an honorable discharge should get
a pension of $12 a month on reaching
the age of 62. It was assumed that
there would follow a large increase In the
pension lists. So far 3S8.O0O applications
have been received. Of these 98V4 per
cent are from veterans who had already
been drawing pensions at lower rates and
only Vfa per cent from new applicants.
The number of new pensions Is so small
that it does not nearly make up for the
natural decrease in the old rolls. Last
month, the Pension Bureau records show
3616 old soldiers died, while only 882 names
were added to the rolls. This deathrate
was unprecedentedly high. In the last 11
months, allowing for new pensions, the
total decrease was 16,000, only about half
the April rate, but with each year the
death lists may be expected to lengthen.
By June 80, 1906, the total number of
pensions had fallen to 985,971, including
273,552 widows and dependants. About
two-thirds of the total number of pen
sioners are Clvll-War veterans. As there
were 2.666,999 Federal soldiers In the field,
and 110,070 men were killed in action and
died -of wounds and 249,458 died of dis
ease, accident or other causes, it would
appear that only about one-fourth of the
Federal soldiers who survived the Civil
War are alive and drawing pensions.
This is a much .smaller proportion than
is commonly believed, and It is subject to
a steady and rapid reduction.
"ANGEL" GETS REWARD AT LAST,
Senator Stephenson's Interesting; Rein
Hone With La Follette.
Minneapolis Tribune.
The election of Senator Stephenson
takes a 'certain philosophio interest
from his personal relations to Senator
La Follette. The interest lies In a
complete reversal of relations that ex
isted between persons similarly sit
uated in the last generation.
Isaac Stephenson is a wealthy lum
berman of no great consideration out
side of his rather uninteresting trade.
He has been known almost solely as
the "angel" In the theatrical sense of
Senator La Follette. He is understood
to have financed the political ambitions
of La Follette from the beginning,
postponing his reward to their ma
turity. The angel Is no new thing in Ameri
can politics. From the earliest time
American talent for public affairs has
been financed by American talent for
profitable business.- To go no farther
back or higher up, even so respectable
and well-endowed, a public man as Sen
ator Spooner possessed an art&el In
Senator Sawyer. The older and far
richer man used his wealth and ex
perience to advance the political for
tunes jf the younger and more talented.
The striking difference is that. In the
olden time, the patron put his protege
in high place only after he had sated
his own appetite for it. In the later
time the political ambitions of the
angel have to wait until those of the
brilliant star he finances have been
satisfied .
On the whole the change seems to us
rather healthy. ' It Is well that the
power of talent should take precedence
over the power of money.
Senator Bourne and His Cigars.
From' a Washington Letter.
Senator Bourne, of Oregon, is making
way In Washington in spite of the
fact that he is only a recent addition
to the United States Senate. Bourne
became known first of all through the
generosity with which he distributed
cigars to any one he chanced to meet.
The cigars were no Pittsburg stogies,
but the real prime genuine Havana
article, the kind that warmed the heart
and attached one to the man who of
fered his case. It is a pleasure to
note that Bourne does not have a
brand for his friends and a brand for
himself. Whatever the status of the
person he meets. Bourne's hand goes
to his vest pocket, out comes the case
and then the offer. The Senator from
Oregon is Indeed a man well worth
meeting.
School Girls nnd Applied Cosmetics.
Baltimore News.
Students of the Girls' High School at
Atlanta, Ga., have been warned that If
they come to school with applied cos
metics their faces will be promptly
washed.
Mark Twain's London Dinner.
Chicago Tribune.
Mark Twain, who leaves soon for'Bng
land to take a degree at Oxford, will be
entertained at luncheon June 25 by the
Pilgrims' Society of London.
JAP AX MAY 6T7E THE CITY
New Measure Proposed to Get Re
dress for Subjects.
WASHINGTON, June The Japanese
trouble in San Francisco probably will
be settled by a recourse to the law In
formation has been received' here to the
effect that the Japanese Consul-General
in San Francisco is contemplating bring
ing suit against the City of San Fran
cisco for damages incurred by the owners
of the Horseshoe restaurant and Folsom
bath-house from the attack by a mob on
May 20 last.
The action. If brought, will be under
the state law and in the name of the
owners of the places wrecked. It is un
derstood that the Japanese will be per
fectly satisfied with Judicial determina
tion of the case.
Supplementing his telegraphic reply to
the inquiry of Secretary Root regarding
the most recent Japanese disturbances In
San Francisco, Governor Gillett of Cali
fornia has submitted a mail report deal
ing in detail with the outbreak of trouble
in the Japanese Horseshoe restaurant and
Its extension to the bath-house. The
Governor's statement is practically the
same as those contained in the news dis
patches. The State Department has received re
ports upon the same subject from the
Adjutant-General of California and the
Chief of Police of San Francisco. These
reports seem to establish the fact that
the affair is the natural outcome of the
labor troubles In San Francisco and that
racial feeling had very little to do with
it, save in the latter stages. Two white
men. who were said to have worn some
kind of badges, -engaged in an altercation
In the Japanese restaurant and, accord
ing to one statement, a Japanese cook
threw a knife at one of them. The fight
was transferred to the street, a crowd
gathered and the mobbing followed.
Possibly It was more violent than if
a white restaurant had been the object
of attack, but all through the reports
run evidences that In some way the Jap
anese had offended against the rules of
the labor union and that racial feeling
was merely an incident to the affair.
ASK FOR BETTER PROTECTION
Japanese Newspaper Says Treaty
Goes to Waste Basket. '
TOKIO, June . The NIcht Nlchi.
comenting on Japanese and American
relations, this morning says:
"Even traditional friendship will not
escape a rupture should Incidents like
those that have occurred In San Fran
cisco be repeated. Whether or not the
sufferers- are school children or res
taurant keepers, and the site be lim
ited to California, it does not alter the
fact that our compatriots are victims
of anti-Japanese outrages.
"Japanese go there under treaty pro
tection. "President Roosevelt's enlightened
message to the last Congress was re
ceived here with eminent satisfaction,
but actual developments since are a
total failure.
"What we want are not so many ex
pressions of civilized sentiments, but
one act of efficient protection of the
treaty rights of Japanese.
"The waste paper box Is no destina
tion for a treaty between Japan and
the United States."
The general tone of the Japanese
press is becoming outspoken, and
unless assurance In some form is made
to ensure the safety of Japanese in San
Francisco, It Is feared that the friendly
relations between both nations will be
endangered.
Count Okuma, leader of the pro
gressives, is outspoken as usual, but it
should be remembered that, while fully
deserving of consideration, his being
out of office permits him a free expres
sion of his opinions. Count Okuma
generally occupies the position of
critic. When in power hia cabinet lived
only a few months.
Consul Knows Nothing of Suit.
SAN FRANCISCO, June 5. Japanese
Consul-General TJyeno says that he
knows nothing of any contemplated suit
for damages against the City of San
Francisco growing out of the recent
trouble in a Japanese restaurant on
Folsom street.
To Reorganize Consular Service.
CHICAGO, June 5. A bill for the re
organization of the United States Consu
lar Service was drafted yesterday by the
executive committee of the National
Business League to supplement the Lodge
bill enacted by the Fifty-ninth Congress.
Among its provisions for Improvement of
consular service are:
1 Removal of the service from the
sphere of political Influence by enact
ment of the "merit" system of examina
tion, appointment and promotion of Con
suls. 2 Creation of an examining board, with
examination scale of 80 to 100. '
S Minimum and maximum age limit of
21 and 40 years, respectively, for admis
sion to the service.
4 Consuls to be familiar with one mod
ern language other than English, and
possess a knowledge of the natural. In
dustrial and commercial resources and
the commerce of the United States.
5 Tenure of office to continue only
during efficiency and conduct of the
highest grade.
The league also advocates a reasonable
retiring pension for consular officials.
'NOW, WHOM
(Mm
SBmmw ill
JZSWM If
MrST NOT BE ACTIVE WORKER
Civil Service Commission Makes New
Rule.
WASHINGTON, June S. The rules of
the Civil Service Commission have been
so amended as to prohibit all persons in
the classified civil service from taking
an active part in politics. The amend
ment was made by an executive order
Issued by the President, and is as fol
lows:
"Persons who by the provisions of these
rules are in the competitive classified
service, while retaining the right to vote
as they please and to express privately
their opinions on all political subjects.
shall ' take no active part in political
management or political conventions."
The addition was made on the recom
mendation of the Commission and it is
the result of numerous complaints which
have reached the bureau from time to
time from various parts of the country.
ESKSTROMER IS NOW FORGIVEN
Writes Apologetic Letter of Explana
tion to President.
WASHINGTON, June 6. If the incli
nations of the President are followed the
exequatur of Charles A. A. Eskstromer as
Vice-Counsel of Sweden at St. Louis,
which was withdrawn some time ago, wil
be re-Issued to him. Mr. Eskstromer in
be re-issued to him. Mr. Sskstromer in
curred the personal displeasure of the
President by addressing him a letter,
which was regarded as Impertinent and
discourteous. It was in relation to the
refusal of Mr. Roosevelt to receive a
commlttee of citizens from St. Louis who
came to Washington to make representa
tions in a case regarding certain news
papers. The President has received an apolo
getic letter from Mr. Eskstromer, which
is entirely satisfactory to him, and this
he has turned over to the State Depart
ment with a statement that he has no
objection to the reissuance of the exe
quatur to Mr. Eskstromer If the State
Department is willing.
CANAL DIGGING DURING MAY
More Excavation Than Any Month
Except Two.
WASHINGTON. June 5. The Secretary
of War yesterday received a cable dis
patch from Colonel Goethals. Chief En
gineer of the Isthmian Canal Commission
on the Isthmus, stating that the excava
tion in the Culebra cut for the month of
jiiay was 690,366 cubic yards and at Ga
tum 70,360 cubic yards. While this shows
a decrease from the excavation for
March and April, due chiefly to the rainy
season, it shows a very large' increase
over May, 1906, when the total excava
tion was 194,645 cubic yards. This is in
fact the largest total excavation for any
single month except March and April of
this year.
QUESTION ITALIAN IMMIGRANTS
Immigration Commission In Europe
Studying Conditions.
NAPLES, June 6 The members of the
American Immigration Commission who
are making a tour of the Mediterranean
countries to assist them in their recom
mendations to Congress for the improve
ment of American emigration laws, ques
tioned closely the emigrants on board the
steamer Florida before she cleared for
New York, asking them particularly why
they were going to America.
There is talk among the Commissioners
of making an effort to direct Italian emi
grants Into Texas for railroad construc
tion Work.
Evans Fleet Off for Jamestown.
NEW YORK, June 5. Rear-Admiral
Evans, with the Connecticut, flagship;
the Ohio, the lowa and the Indiana,
started today from North River for
the rendezvous off Chesapeake Capes,
where he will collect 14 battleships and
cruisers and anchor them at Hampton
Rouda next Friday.
Georgia day at the Jamestown Expo
sition, which will be observed on Jurfe
10, will, so far as the naval display is
concerned, probably be the greatest
day of the exposition.
The President will review the com
bined foreign and United States fleets.
As he approaches in the Mayflower
more than 85 ships will roar a simul
taneous salute of 20 guns each, and
they will singly fire a 21-gun salute as
they pass.
All ships will be fully dressed with
a rainbow of bunting and at night all
will be illuminated.
Snug Berth for Fowderly.
WASHINGTON, June 5. T. V. Fow
derly was today appointed chief of the
new division of information established
in connection with the Immigrant
Bureau, at a salary of $3500 a year.
The new division will conduct cor
respondence with governors and of
ficials of the various states and terri
tories with a view to the best distri
bution of aliens.
Oregon Woman Is Appointed.
OREGONIAN NEWS BUR-EAU, Wash
ington, June 5. Mrs. Phebe O. Taylor,
of The Dalles, Or., has been appointed
matron of the Fort Bidwell Indian
School, California.
DOES HE MEAN?"
From the New York Mall.