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PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY, MAT J, 1907.
MXLELLAN AND TAM3IASV,
The soul-satisfying news comes from
New Tork that Mayor McClcllan and
Tammany have buriedi the tomahawk
and smoked the pipe of peace. The
tiger and the white-robed apostle of po
litical purity are to lie down together.
Mr. Pecksniff and Bill Sykes have
formed an offensive and defensive alli
ance under a treaty whose terms are
edifying in the extreme. Mr. MeClellan
fairly deserves the title of "Pecksniff."
A man who pools Issues with the
Sullivans and Murphys of the metrop
olis after preaching, as MeClellan has,
the lofty principles of political honor
must not be surprised! if the world dis
counts his sincerity. His pompou3
statement that he looked upon politics
"as a profession, not a vulgar trade,"
provoked smiles when he made it; now
those smiles recur. It seemed incongru
ous then that a man who was afraid to
have the title by which he held his office
tested by a fair count of the votes
should talk of political honor. It seems
more incongruous that he should do so
now, for one of the articles of this
charming agreement kills the bill for a
recount of the Mayoralty votes, a bill
which Mr. Hughes favors. In return
for certain substantial concessions
Tammany is to see to it that Mr. Me
Clellan serves out the remainder of his
term in peace, untroubled by the fear
that the frauds which put him in power
may be uncovered If they exist.
A man of sensitive honor would be
unable to see any moral distinction
between receiving stolen goods and
holding an ofllce to which he had not
been elected. Mr. MeClellan may have
been elected Mayor of New York, but
the fact Is doubtful. Instead of help
ing to clear up the doubt, he has used
every device known lo tricky lawyers
to smother Investigation; and now, to
cap the climax, he invokes the aid of a
most infamous gang of politicians to
suppress legislative inquiry. It is like
the case of a man detected with stolen
goods in his possession who should re
sist to the utmost the efforts of the
rightful owner to reclaim his property.
At the very least a man of high ideals
In such a case would let the investiga
tion of title proceed unhindered and
abide by its results. This Mr. MeClel
lan has not done. Hollow indeed sounds
the profession of political purity from
his lips.
That the profession is quite as hollow
as it sounds is proved by another article
of the treaty which sacrifices Mr. Bing
ham. Commissioner of Police. Mr.
Bingham's crime is that he has success
fully broken off the alliance between
the New York police force and New
York's criminals. After an arduous
struggle. In which every element of law
und order was on his side, he has finally
secured from the Legislature an act
which makes effective police discipline
possible. Under the act he has proceed
ed to punish guilty officials andi promote
honest ones. The guilty inspectors and
detectives are. of course, wards of
Tammany. Each of them Is near and
dvar to some of those potentates whose
aM Mr. MeClellan desires. For his au
dacity In Interfering with the profitable
relations between "Tammany's proteges
and the thieves, burglars and pickpock
ets of the. city Mr. Bingham is to lose,
his. hoad. Such is the reward of polit
ical honesty as Mayor McClcllan deals
it; out. Such is the encouragement
which he lends to those who wish to
make politics in djeed as well as word
"a profession instead of a vulgar
trade."
It would be difficult to conceive of a
trade more vulgar than that which the
Mayor of the metropolis has now
begun to ply. Tammany is not
ln politics for its health, either
bodily or moral. Whatever it gives
must be paid for. By assuring the
mayor of immunity for the rest of
his term it has made him a debtor and
the debt must be paid by turning over
the offices of the city to Tammany.
The Mayor is. "not to be hampered In
his appointments, but henceforth, they
are not to be anti-Tammany." Con
cerning any appointment to office In
New York there is one truth absolutely
axiomatic. It cannot be an honest ap
pointment unless it is anti-Tammany.
Hence the meaning of this article in
the treaty is that the Mayor has agreed
to appoint grafters from this time to
the end of the term, but among the
grafters he is free to select whom he
chooses. 'Doubtless there is a difference
between one thief and another, and Mr.
MeClellan, by a wise use of the valua
ble privilege he has reserved, may miti
gate the evils which must follow from
his alliance with a society which exists
for evil and nothing else. In the cer
tainty that they are to be governed by
criminals until they can elect another
Mayor, it must comfort the New York
ers to know that their high-minded
ruler will probably not appoint the
worst ones.
Machtiavelli once wrote that most of
the evils of the world are caused by the
vacillation of men who are neither con
sistently bad nor consistently good. Mr.
MeClellan is one of these men. 'His im
pulses S3em to be excellent, "but the
moment his personal interest or -his
timidity urges him toward the bad his
better nature yields. The bargain that
he has made with Tammany is solely for
his personal advantage. Not a shadow
of benefit to the city, can result from it.
It can have no effect except to
strengthen the Mayor's hold on his seat
and to confirm the power of an iniqui
tous organization. Tammany exists for
plunder. By aiding Tammany, Mr. Me
Clellan delivers the public over to a
band of freebooters. By aiding Me
Clellan, Tammany delivers the city over
to a weakling whose - shallow conceit
and unscrupulous greed of power are
more dangerous than resolute deprav
ity. Between such a man and Hearst
what is there to choose?
OCCULT POLITICS.
It would be interesting to know how
Mr. John'Aubrey Jones acquired his as
tonishing fund of esoteric information
about the President. He is informed,
he says in his letter printed in today's
Oregonian, that when Senator Bourne
"speaks to the President about the ne
cessity of his again being the candidate
of his party, the President does not re
buke the Senator." Marvelous, marvel
ous. One would naturally expect Mr.
Roosevelt to raise his club aloft and
take the Senator a wert on the Jaw.
But how docs Mr. Jones know what
Mr. Roosevelt says to the tempter on
these interesting occasions? And. to go
yet a little farther back Into the dark
mystery of the situation, how does he
know that such occasions actually oc
cur? Can he or any other person defi
nitely assert that Mr. Bourne has ever
said one word to the President about
another term? And if he has ventured1
upon such an audacity, does Mr. Jones
really pretend to know whether he was
rebuked or not?
But if,' after all, Mr. Roosevelt should
be a candidate again, what is Mr. Jones
going to do about it? That is the ques
tion. If the contingency befalls, it will
be because a vast majority of the peo
ple of the country demand It. Having
compelled Mr. Roosevelt to run, they
will, of course, elect him. Think of the
moral distress of such men as Mr. Jones
who will have to live under the rule of
a man who said he wouldn't be a can
didate and then weiTt and was. Would!
their lives be worth living? We fear
not.
TRANSPORTATION AND PROGRESS.
The assertion that the way to pros
perity was blazed by, transportation is
in general true, though there are some
exceptions to the rule. ' In many sec
tions of the United States industrial de
velopment awaited the establishment of
transportation facilities. Transporta
tion lines were pushed out into the fron
tier, thereby making opportunities for
industrial growth and consequent pros
perity. In Oregon the people built up
their industries, attained prosperous
conditions, despite inadequate transpor
tation facilities, and! then the railroads
were built to take advantage of the
traffic provided by the unaided efforts
of the people. In Oregon, transporta
tion has always lagged a little behind
Industrial progress rather than "blazed
the way." That has been true not only
in the building of railroads, but in the
construction of good wagon roads,
which latter form as essential a part
of the transportation system as the
former.
But the people have been taking deep
interest in transportation problems for
some time past, and show indications
of taking more active Interest In the
future. Not only In demanding exten
sion of railroad lines, but in building
better wagon roads and improving
waterways, the producers in Oregon as
well as in every other state are showing
their appreciation of the importance
of transportation facilities. The In
land Waterways Commission, recently
appointed by President Roosevelt, has
at once entered upon its task of inves
tigating conditions with a view to rec
ommending a comprehensive plan of
improvement which shall accomplish
the greatest possible permanent results
not only for transportation, but for ir
rigation, power and flood-control as
well. N undertaking in which the
Government has engaged will receive
as much attention, and deservedly, as
this. In this subject Oregon Is partic
ularly interested, for It is handicapped
by adverse transportation conditions,
though possessing natural advantages
surpassing those of almost any other
state.
Starting out for its first visit of in
spection, the commission will visit the
Great Lakes and the Mississippi for the
purpose of inquiring Into the problem of
connecting the Lakes and the Missis
sippi with a canal which shall permit
shipping to pass from the Lakes to the
Gulf as easily as from the Lakes to
New York. This is a problem that can
be and must be solved, for a waterway
from the Lakes to the Gulf .will give
the people of a vast producing and
consuming region a cheap system of
transportation that will compete with
the rail lines and act as a natural reg
ulator of rates. It is asserted upon
pood authority 'that the water of the
Great Lakes. formerly, found its way to
the sea through the Mississippi, and
this enn very readily be believed when
it is known that at a distance of sev
eral hundred miles the water now flows
out of a channel at Buffalo only thirty
feet lower than the bottom of the Chi
cago drainage canal, which pours its
flood Into a tributary of the Mississippi.
To construct a ship canal from Chi
cago to the Mississippi is a large task,
but none too large for the enterprise
and skill of America.-
Here In Oregon we have similar prob
lems. The people of the Upper Wil
lamette Valley are now figuring upon
a project which contemplates construc
tion of a canal from Eugene to Cor
vallls, thereby removing the head of
transportation from the latter town to
the former. It is said that such a canal
can be constructed at comparatively
small cost, for the reason that its
course would lie through the channel
of an old river bed, where a natural
grade would e already provided and 1
where excavations would be compara- .
tively slight. The construction of such
a canal would in the near future pro
vide a means by which the lumber
products of the interior could be float
ed down to tidewater at lower rates
than the rail lines are willing to grant,
and when the Valley attains the high
state of agricultural and manufactur
ing development which is certain to
come, the waterway would be a valu
able means of transportation, even after
the lumber supply has been exhausted.
To many people the idea of a canal any
place in the Willamette Valley may
seem absurd and possibly present con
ditions do not warrant the necessary
expenditure; but it is altogether likely
that the future will show the wisdom of
the construction of such a waterway.
In any event, the task of generally improving-
transportation conditions Justi
fies the investigation of this project as
well as many others in this state. We
shall eventually have free locks at Ore
gon City, and an improved channel up
the Willamette.
The Inland Waterway Commission in
cludes in its study the question of irri
gation and power in connection with
ship canals, and these suojects should
not be overlooked by those who are in
vestigating the canal project in the
Willamette Valley. If the flow of water
should be only sufficient to generate a
little power, or to irrigate only small
tracts of land, economy would require,
as shown President Roosevelt some
time ago. that all these uses for the
water should be considered when a
canal is to be built.
In giving their attention to transpor
tation, whether in regulation of freight
rates, construction of roads, extension
of trolley lines or digging canals, the
people are working upon a problem
scarcely secondary in Importance to
that of production.
TAXES AND BIG BUSINESS.
Nearly every State Legislature this
year has been grappling with, the tax
ation problem, and in almost every in
stance it has been, found' that large cor
porate interests oppose the effort to en
act laws designed to impose upon them
a burden equal to that borne by indi
vidual owners of property. Legislators
stand in awe of these representatives
of Big . Business. Because it is a
wealthy corporation that puts up a fight
the lawmakers are carried away with
the idea that passage of the bill is more
difficult. But there should be no differ
ence. Jf a measure is right and just,
the fact that an opponent of the bill
represents ten millions should not give
him any more influence than 1b exer
cised by a friend of the bill who cannot
show title to ten thousand.
Facts are none the less true because
they make a case against a millionaire.
Arguments ,are none the less sound be
cause advanced by an overburdened
farmer. But there is something about
the millionaire that makes the average
legislator bow and scrape when the
two meet In the lobby, but it is the
farmer who must do the bowing when
he and the legislator come together.
Hence it is that much meritorious tax
legislation has been defeated in a num
ber of states.
CACTION IN GRANTING FRANCHISES.
Hot a street franchise- has been
granted in Portland but has conferred
too liberal privileges, which the city
would curtail had it the power. When
granted, the franchises were supposed
to safeguard the interests of the public,
but after the city has enlarged and!
the earning power of the franchises has
grown and the population has become
dense, it is seen that the city does not
possess the restrictive authority which
public interest requires. An example is
the Fourth-street franchise of the
Southern Pacific, awarded to the Ore
gon Central Railroad Company in 186S,
before anybody dreamed, that some day
it would be necessary for the city to
banish steam locomotives and long
trains from the street.
This is the experience of other cities
as well as of Portland. Residents of
a certain street will petition for the
grant of a franchise for a streetcar line,
under conditions which they would not
tolerate after the lapse of a few years.
Their City Council will award a fran
chise with their tacit consent, which
several years later they wouldl resent.
In Medfordi there is wrath against the
vacation of streets many years ago by
the City Council, for the benefit of the
Oregon & California Railroad. Says
the Medford Tribune:
Some time in the long ago, when tha
Silurian held absolute sway in this city
and the blighting breath of despair had
stilled the fire of ambition In the breasts
of the few "live ones" remaining, the City
Council, out of the abundance of Its Ignor
ance and stupidity, srav to the Southern
Pacific Company Its official sanction to the
closing of every street crossing, except
three, within the city limits. Large, white
posts flank the railway tracks where tha
street crossings should be, mute monuments
to the stupid short-sightedness of the men
who sold the city's birthright for a mess of
pottage. But further comment on this point
Is useless. ' The evil has been done and the
Question now is, how shall it be undone.
The City Council had. no legal light to
give away city streets dedicated to public
use under a reversion clause, and If this has
been done the present Council should take
steps to annul the legal acts under which
the city streets were closed. It would be
well at 4ie same time to see that the exist
ing crossings are kept In better condition.
All this -carries a caution against too
liberal franchise privileges and makes
evident that, In future awards, the
public shall retain a sufficient measure
of authority to control the privileges
under all contingencies. This caution
should be borne well in mindi by per
sons who use Section Line road, which
is sought by an electric railroad for a
right of way. The time will come, un
less that railroad shall be hedged about
in its use of the road; that the people
will rue the day they ever admitted
cars to the highway.
Franchises should be granted for as
short a period as possible, they should
provide for some compensation to the
public, preferably in the form of tax
on gross earnings, and they should de
clare In plain terms that the public
utility shall vacate the public property
at the end of the period) without delay
and without cost to the public.
There are many towns in the same
situation as Medford, which want their
streets back for the use of their people.
That there should ever come such a
day was undreamed of twenty and
thirty years ago. A franchise gives to
its possessors the exercise of certain
powers belonging to the sovereignty of
the people. Those powers should al
ways be kept as much as possible
within the reach of the people's gov
ernment. In the hands of individuals
they are stretched for private enrich
ment and aggrandizement. And the
public hardly ever realizes this until too
late.
A prominent Canadian newspaper has
protested against the policy of the Do
minion Government in appropriating
public money for the purpose of bring
ing .to the Canadian Northwest people
from Europe for the purpose of settling
the agricultural lands. Among other
things, the paper complains that the
newcomers, few of them English-speaking
people, settle in colonies, give their
towns old-country names, maintain
their former customs and do not min
gle with the Canadian people. America
has had a similar experience and has
no fault to find with it. All through
the Middle States the Norwegians,
Swedes, Danes, Germans and Russians
have formed agricultural communities
and they live pretty much to them
selves. The older people have little de
sire to learn the English language, but
they gladly send their children to the
public schools. They are industrious,
thrifty and law-abiding. They ' are
homebuilders, not land speculators.
They are more contented in colonies
and we like to have them contented
with the country in which they live
Canada will find that their desire to
settle In colonies by themselves makes
them none the less desiratjle as helpers
In the great task of bringing a new
country into a condition of prodoictive-ness.
A correspondent of the New York
Times wants to know whether a Social
ist is an "undesirable citizen." Cer
tainly not, if he Is a Socialist in the
proper meaning of the .term, but Just
as certainly undesirable if he is of that
type of men commonly called Socialists
who advocate violence and lawlessness.
Because a man differs in opinion from
the majority of ' the people does not
make him an undesirable citizen. In
fact, a small minority deeply in earnest
in promoting new ideas in government
may he the most valuable citizens we
have, though not fully appreciated at
the time. But the exponents of new
ideas must not grow too Impatient, if
their views do not gain ready accept
ance by others. They must not throw
bombs or use language that will incite
others less thoughtful to do so.
Kansas City is anxious to be selected
as the place for holding the Republican
National Convention in 1908. Perhaps
the city is tired of having its name used
in connection with the Democratic
platform of 1900 and would like to have
something else Indicated by the ex
pression "Kansas City- Platform." At
any rate, Kansas City is making an
effort to raise money to defray the ex
penses of a convention ir, the hope that
such an inducement will receive the fa
vorable consideration of the Republican
party managers.
The Rhode Island' Legislature has ad
journed without electing a' Senator to
succeed George P. Wetmore. Eighty
one ballots were taken and on tiie last
the vote stood 41 for Goddard, Demo
crat; 39 for Colt and 30 for Wetmore,
"both Republicans. Aldrlch will be alone
in the Senate from Rhode Island until
next January at least, when the Legis
lature will meet again. The people of
Rhode Island can learn by looking over
the Oregon primary law how to settle
Senatorial contests.
The New York Central hand.Ied more
freight during the month of March than
in any similar period in its history, its
traffic surpassing the record for March,
1906, by 60,000 carloads. Additional lo
comotives are so urgently needed that
a $25,000 bonus is offered for prompt de
livery of a recent order. Somehow de
velopments do not support the "bank
ruptcy" talk we heard' a few weeks ago.
Illinois has enacted a local option law,
after a hard fight in the Legislature.
The law provides for township option,
and under its provisions the people in a
territory six miles square can vote the
whole township ''dry," even though a
city inside the township votes "wet."
But the law does not permit "gerry
mandering" by joining dry with wet
townships or precincts.
The Kansas City Journal says that
If the state may regulate the rates to be
charged by a railroad It may also regu
late the prices to be charged by a gro
cer. But there is a difference between
a concern enjoying special privileges
granted by the state and an Individual
doing business entirely on his own cap
ital and without a monopoly.
Work is soon to begin upon the con
struction of a canal connecting the
Ohio River with Lake Erie. This will
give Pittsburg and the entire Valley
of the Ohio an easy outlet by water
to the Atlantic Coast. Canal building
wHl be the greatest feature of internal
improvement in the next fifty years.
Wisconsin Agricultural College will
experiment with potatoes for the pur
pose of ascertaining at what cost alco
hol can be manufactured from them.
Ordinary potatoes will not be used, but
there has been Imported from Germany
a potato unsuited for food but which
yields large crops.
We are told that very soon it will be
possible to eat dinner in New York and
breakfast the next morning in Paris.
Simply take the "owl" boat. But al
ready there are persons who feel next
morning as if they had been on quite as
long a Journey as that.
Twenty tender doctors have just re
ceived diplomas In Portland and are
ready to go to work. In their fight with
the tough world they will protiably not
find the old. doctors as benevolent or as
kindly as they look.
. A convict w ho lives an honorable,
useful life for nine years after escaping
has earned a pardon, and extension of
clemency in the case of John W. Janu
ary, of Kansas City, will be universally
approved.
In England last year there were 318
persons tried for murder and in the
United States 6597. Prevention of crime
is one of the great problems in this
country.
As the contest for Mayor has come
to the old-time "you're another" stage,
some nominations may turn disappoint
ments after the primaries.
One of Thaw's signs of insanity is his
expectation of being cleared in a jiffy,
after having killed Stanford White.
It would seem, therefore, that the
Panama Canal may be completed al
most as soon as the Cerilo Canal.
Ice prices may soar, but Bull Run
water is pretty cool, even on hot Sum
mer days, thank you.
Republicans seem to be making ready
for the same old "scrap" In the local
contest for Mayor.
Has anybody been convicted of mur
der recent!?
HOW A LAWYER LOOKS AT IT j
ITaable to See Dlffereaice Between- Pub
lic Dlaenaaloa and Private Importunity I
PORTLAND. Or.. April 30. (To the
Editor.) In answer to my contention
that a newspaper ought not to com
ment upon a case pending in the
courts The Oregonian has one answer
upon which it seems to practically rest
its entire case, namely, that in criticis
ing the decision of the Supreme Court
of the United States in the Moyer
Haywood kldnRplng case. I have done
the same thing, and therefore it must
be right. I certainly am disappointed
that a great paper like The Oregonian
should take so small a view of this
case. Its readers expect a better an
swer than this. If The Oregonian has
no better defense for its position upon
this and other questions than the fact
that I have done the same thing, no
one knows better than I that it Is lean
ing upon a broken reed. But unfor
tunately for this defense. It is not
true. The question as to whether or
not Moyer, Haywood et' al. can be
legally tried In the Idaho courts after
being kidnaped by the state officers of
Idaho, has been litigated In the courts
of Idaho, and in the Supreme Court
of the United States, the court of last
resort, and has been finally settled so
far as this case Is concerned. It
would be Just as correct for The Ore
gonian to say that the case of the
State vs. Frank McDaniels was still be
fore the courts as to say that this Is.
The only question that remains to
be determined by the courts "of Idaho
Is. are the defendants guilty of the
murder? I made no comment upon
that question. The Oregonian says
that It has not advocated going pri
vately to the Judge and discussing
the case with him. That depends en
tirely upon what you cal! privately.
If I were to go to Judge Frazer's
house this evening and talk to him
about a case which he has under ad
visement, and related to him certain
facts which had not been brought out
from the trial, or gave to him certain
reasons why he should decide the case
In a certain way. The Oregonian would
call that talking to him privately, and
would deem that it was reprehensible,
but If The Oregonian makes the same
statements .or the same arguments
upon the law in Its columns, and sends
to the Judge and he reads It in the
privacy of his home, that The Ore
gonian thinks is not going to him pri
vately. It seems to me that this Is a
distinction without a difference. If
The Oregonian may print its argu
ment or its facts and send them to the
Judge, why may I not write them and
send them to him? Is there any dif
ference? If I were to attempt to do
this. Judge Frazer would very prompt
ly and properly send me to jail for
contempt of court, and The Oregonian
would applaud his action, but it claims
the right for one of its editors to do the
same thing in a different way. There Is
no difference in the two cases supposed.
We are stating our facts, or making our
arguments in the absence of the other
party. He has no opportunity to contro
vert or explain our alleged facts or to
show the fallacy of our argument.
Neither of us are under oath or in any
danger of the punishment for perjury.
Neither of us Is subject to cross exam
ination. Our statements are ex parte
and probably biased. If the Oregonian
may send a printed article concerning a
case and I am guilty of contempt for
sending a written one. where does the
distinction arise? Would I escape the
penalty if my argument was printed, or
does the difference arise out of the "di
vinity that doth hedge about an editor.
S. B. HUSTON.
The man who can see no difference be
tween candid discussion of a question
in the columns of a newspaper and a se
cret discussion or presentation of facts
by one who goes privately to the home
of a Judge is unable to see the difference
between an effort to promote justice and
an effort to pervert It. What a news
paper has to say It places before the
whole people and forces it upon the at
tention of none. It cannot- deceive with
out being found out. The man who. goes
secretly to the home of a Judge does so
because he has something to say which
he would be afraid or ashamed to pro
claim publicly. There is a distinction
and a difference which Mr. Huston should
observe.
When Mr. Huston assumes that The
Oregonlan's position upon the right of
discussion of pending cases has no bet
ter defense than the assertion that he
discussed such a case, he Is greatly in
error. The Oregonlan's position is based
upon the fundamental right of free
speech and a free press. In which posi
tion it is supported by the opinions of
two members of the United States Su
preme Court. That Is an immeasurably
better and an all-eutnclent defense. This
paper has-never asserted the right of a
newspaper to Intimidate a court, or to
use any improper Influences to Interfere
with Its procedure. The United States
Supreme Court in its majority opinion
said that "premature statement or ar
gument" by a newspaper Is contempt.
The Oregonian says it is not, and that
both persons and newspapers have at all
times a right to discuss candidly all
questions, subject to responsibility for
the truth of what they say. This is a
right that Is very seldom exercised either
by the people or the press, because it is
seldom that occasion arises. Still less
seldom is the right abused. But the
framers of the Constitution reserved to
the people the right of free speech and
the courts have, or ought to have, no
power to take it away.
Congressmen Off to Honolulu.
SAJ FRANCISCO, April 30. Among
the passengers on the transport Buford
sailing at noon today, were 25 Congress
men, who are going to Honolulu at the
invitation of Delegate Kalaninaolo for
the purpose of acquainting themselves
with the resources of Hawaii. Thirteen
Representatives are accompanied by their
wives, the entire party, which Is being
conducted by George B. MeClellan, con
sisting of 39 persons. Those In the dele
gation, together with the 19 states they
represent are:
E. A. Acheson and wife, of Pennsyl
vania; D. S. Alexander and wife, of New
York; Arthur L. Bates, of Pennsylvania;
A. L. Brick and wife, of Indiana; A. B.
Capron and wife, of Rhode Island; R.
D. Cole, of Ohio; P. P. Campbell, of
Kansas; James N. Davidson, of Wiscon
sin; B. C. Ellis and wife, of Missouri;
J. V. Graff and wife of Illinois; Ben
jamin F. Howell and wife, of New Jer
sey; E. L. Hamilton and wife, of Michi
gan; W. P. Hepburn and wife, of Iowa;
Wesley L. Jones and wife, of Washing
ton; George L. Lllley and wife, of Con
necticut; Charles E. Llttlefieid and wife,
of Maine; J. W. Keifer. of Ohio; Charles
McGavin, of Illinois; James McLachlan,
of California; James S. Need ham, of
California; George W. Norris, of Ne
braska; Senator Samuel H. Piles, of
Washington: Fred O. Stewells and wife,
of Minnesota; Edwin Y. Webb, of North
Carolina, and W. W. Wilson, of Illinois.
Burrage Had to Pay $840,000.
BOSTON, Mass.. April 30. That a
payment, of $840,003 was the basis on
which the J3.003.000 suit of the Copper
Range Mining Company against Albert
C. Burrage was settled after It had
come to trial last week became known
today in connection with the publica
tion of the report of William A. Payne
of the Copper Range Company.
NICHOLAS HEAD IS EXPANDED
Montenegro Revolts Against Aping
Ways f Great Monarch.
VIENNA. April 30 The revolutionary
movement In Montenegro, which is a mili
tary government has been proclaimed.
and armed bands are reported marching
on the capital, assuming a serious charac
ter, according to dispatches received here
by way of Ragusa. Disorder is said
to be rapidly spreading through the coun
try. The center of the discontent is at
Andrievica, the headquarters of the Vas
sojevies. numerically the strongest clan
In the principality of Montenegro.
The rising Is attributed largely to the
attempts of Prince Nicholas to override
the constitution, which he bestowed upon
the country In 1905, and also his incessant
drain on the public purse.
The Prince Is accused of utilizing the
taxes of the other state funds to swell
his private bank account. Even sums
received from Emperor Nicholas and
Emperor Francis Joseph from time to
time for specific purposes of Montenegro
are said to have been diverted to the
enlargement of the Prince's income, or
spent in his attempts to ape the customs
of the courts of more Important coun
tries. The marriage of his daughter Helena to
King Victor Emmanuel of Italy increased
Prince Nicholas' ideas of his own impor
tance, with a consequent widening of the
estrangement between the ruler and the
people of Montenegro. The granting of a
constitution to Montenegro turned out to
be-a barren gift, and as soon as this was
realized dissatisfaction became pro
nounced and emigration increased so rap
idly that 25,000 Montenegrins left the coun
try during the first three months of this
year. The Cabinets appointed by Prince
Nicholas have been turned out by the
Parliament as rapidly as they were ap
pointed. The attempt to suppress the radical in
dependent newspapers (the government
being accused of instigating the destruc
tion of offices of two papers at Nik
shitzch and Podgorttza) fanned the revo
lutionary flames. Delegates of the prin
cipal clans; all heavily armed, after
a stormy conference decided to send rep
reprosentatives to Cettinje and demand
that Prince Nicholas dismiss the Tomano
vlc Cabinet. The Prince replied by de
claring martial law, and calling out the
militia to prevent the mountaineers from
entering the capital. In the meantime
the Tomanovis Ministry tendered its res
ignation and it is thought probable that
Prince Nicholas will reappoint the Cabi
net, over which M. Radulovic presided, as
the latter has many representatives
throughout the country.
The movement in Montenegro Is being
closely watched by the Austrian govern
ment, which fears it may spread to the
Province of Novl Bazar, between Mon
tenegro and Servia, where Austria is re
sponsible for the preservation of order
under the treaty of Berlin, but the people
of Montenegro believe that Prince Nicho
las will succeed in suppressing the out
break. LEOPOLD'S CONGO SCHEME
Conference With French Arouses
Guessers in Two Capitals.
BRUSSELS, April SO. King Leopolds
visit to Paris In the midst of a cabinet
crisis Is creating much speculation here.
Many persons believe that the King's
purpose Is to make arrangements for the
conversion of the Congo bonds.
PARIS, April 30. The Government's ab
solute refusal to give any intimation of
the subject of King Leopold's conferences
with President Fallieres, Premier Cle
menceau and Foreign Minister Pichon
strengthened the opinion that they will
have an important bearing upon the fate
of the Congo Indepedent State.
The general impression is that King
Leopold believes he can effect a comprom
ise with the Belgian Parliament through
Interior Minister de Troos, and that he
desires to secure France's influence in or
der to prevent Great Britain from object
ing and calling a conference of the pow
ers. WILL VOTE OX EXDIXG STRIKE
Fernie Operators and Vnion Hefer
, Question to Miners.
OTTAWA, Ont., April 30. M. Lemeieux,
the Minister of Labor, has received the
following telegram from his deputy, now
at Fernie, B. C. endeavoring to settle
the miners' trocbles: "As the result of
negotiations, the outstanding points of
an agreement have been so adjusted
through conciliations as to make it ap
plicable to the operators of the seven
companies comprising the chief Western
Coal Operators Association and to the
district executive board of the United.
Mlneworkers' Association. A referendum
vote will be taken on . Thursday.',1
V
Stromboli Vomlls Hot Hocks.
MESSINA." April 30. Some of the inhab
itants of the island of Stromboli who have
fled from- there and reached the city de
scribe the eruption of the Stromboli vol
cano as terrific. The detonations were
deafening. Red burning stones, ashes and
cinders were thrown up about a thousand
feet over the top of the volcano.
Stork Keeps Spain Waiting.
MADRID. April 30 Queen Victoria con
tinues remarkably well and cheerful. Tho
physicians now think it may be two or
three days before the expected heir is
born.
ANOTHER BALLOON
HOW FINDS ARE EM PLOYEB
Appropriations or Last Congress
Show Greater Needs.
WASHINGTON, April 3.1. According
to the volume of appropriations made,
new offices created, etc..' during the.
last session of Congress, ju.st completed
the total appropriations for the session
were $920,798,143.
In addition to the specific appropria
tions contracts were authorized fr
public works requiring future appro
priations aggregating $67,937,349, of
which over $19,000,001) Is for river and
harbor improvements and almost $1,
00O.QOO for battleships, torpcili bouts,
etc. The largest appropriation carried
by any one measure was S212.ii!l,l!3
for the postotficc bill. The naval bill
carried $'JS,!i:.8.R.I7. the' iirmy bill $7S.
634.582 and the pension bill SI 4..143,oft .
The new offices authorized arc 1S.!'!3
in number, ut an annual compensation
of $12. 716.184. Of these 477 were for
the postal service Including 33K5 clerks
in postof flees, and 1239 railway postal
clerks.
The net number of salaries increased
is 16.434 at an annual cost of $2,949,353.
This number includes Increases In tho
saJarics of the vine-president. Speaker
of the House, nine Cabinet officers. 9-
Senators, and 396 Representatives and
14,722 employes of the railway service.
The aniimtl compensation of 19,900
clerks in pnstofficcs is increased in tho
aggregate $2. 1.11,000; the annual sala
ries of 24.227 city lettercarrlers are In
creased about $2,03.1,000 and 36,900 ru
ral lettercarrlers are increased from
$720 to $900 each, at an annual cost
of $6,617,000.
A comparlsion of the total appropria
tions made for 1908 at the second ses
sion of the Fifty-ninth Congress, $92.),
798.144, with those of the first session
of the Oialf of 1907, $879,589,185, shows
an Increase of $41,209,959:
TARIFF CONCESSION TO FRANCE
Government Ready to Give Same Ad
vantages as Germany Gets.
WASHINGTON. A prr! 30. While the
recommendation from Ambassadn white
at Paris to the effect that a tariff com
mission be appointed by the United States
to endeavor to effect an arrangement
with the French government such as was
made in the case of Germany, has" not yet
formally come before the State Depart
ment, it can be announced authoritative
ly that, if the French government desires
such a commission, there will be no oppo
sition in Washington.
Moreover, as the agitation In France
seemed to be based in part on a fear that
Germany will have certain, advantages
over France in the matter of trade
through the arrangements which today
were acted upon favorably by the upper
house In Berlin, it may also be announced
that the State Department Is preparing
to grant to France any concessions made
to Germany, providing the concession
are even on both sides. Thus, a 20 per
cent reduction of duties on German cham
pagne Is provided for In the pending
German-American arrangement and the
same privilege can be enjoyed by French
champagne if the French government Is
willing to make concessions to America
In return similar to those adopted by Ger
many. Rids on Submarine Boats.
WASHINGTON, April 30. Three compa
nies bid today at the Navy Department
for tho contracts for 'supplying as many
submarine torpedo boats as could be built
for the $3,000,000 appropriated. The lalto
Torpedo Boat Company, of Bridgeport,
Conn., offers to build any number of 235
ton boats above five at $198,000 each. Tho
Sub-surface Boat Company, of New York,
offers to build a boat of 250 tons for $250.
000. The Electric Boat Company, of New
York, offers to build boats patterned after
the Octopus, of 274 tons, for $312,000. or of
S40 tons -and of greater speed than tho
Octopus, ranging from 8 to 13- knots, in
lots of five or more, $379,000 each. Built
on the Pacific Coast the same type of
boats would cost respectively $417,000 and
$340,000 each.
I'nclc Sam Loses Rest Men.
WASHINGTON, April 30. The constant
draft on the "economic force" of the
Geological Survey made by the large
mining organizations, which offer the
Government experts much larger salaries
than they get from the Government, is'
seriously impairing the efficiency of that
branch of the service, says a report on
the investigation of metalliferous ores in,
1906. The report adds:
"It is only by years of practical ex
perience In the field that the geologist,'
however excellent his preliminary train
ing, becomes competent to carry on inde
pendent work in investigating a mining
district, and the loss of trained men lit
this work Is Irreparable."
Influence of Missions in Cliinu.
SHANGHAI. April 30. At today's ses
sion of the China Centenary Missionary
Conference here, the new educational
movements in China, the value of Chris
tian education In providing capable and
trustworthy leaders In state and church,
the scope of limitations of Christian col
leges and kindred subjects were dls
cuFsed. A remarkable spirit of harmony
was manifested by the representatives of
the 0 'denominations present. This eve
ning the subjects were the Influence of
the missions in China, their aid in In
troducing commerce. Western learning,
etc., and China's becoming the modern
Japan.
BLOWN OUT TO SEA
From the New Tork World.