THE MORNING OREGOXIAX. .THURSDAY, .APRIL ..25,. 1907.
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PORTLAND. THURSDAY, APRIL 15, 1807.
ONE MORE APPEAL JOR SQUARE DEAL
Fearlessness, frankness and fairness
characterize President Koosevelt's pow
erful letter answering; the criticism of
his reference to Moycr and Haywood
as undesirable citizens. That Roosevelt
Is the stanch friend of honest labor, as
lie also is of honest capital, and the im
placable foe of men who seek to substi
tute either mob vlolan.ee or monopo
listic force for law and Justice, may bo
read in every sentence of this latest of
his striking addresses to the American
people. To those members of labor
unions who have feared that Moyer
nnd Haywood are to be railroaded to
the sallows. President Koosevelt's let
ter is reassuring;, for his life and works
testify to his sincerity when he says:
"If they are guilty, they ought to tie
punished: if they are not guilty, they
ought not to be punished." Moyer and
Haywood will not go to the gallows un
less evidence shall be produced suffi
cient to convince all reasonable men of
their guilt. They are to have a fair
and impartial trial, and neither Presi
dent Roofcovelt nor the American people
will permit them to hang until they
have been proven guilty beyond a rea
sonable doubt.
When President Roosevelt quoted the
motto of the Cook County Moyer-Hay-wood
conference, "Death cannot, will
not and shall not claim our brothers,"
ho brought into prominence the fact
that the chief defenders of Moyer and
Haywood are not seeking a fair trial.
They are demanding acquittal without
regard to -proof that may be offered.
Arid such also has been the attitude of
the men indicted upon the charge of
complicity in tho murder of Governor
Stcuiienbcrg. Whllo protesting' their
innocence they have stood upon tech
nicalities. They have not gone to trial
upon the moults alone, willing: to abides
by the results of the evidence. Like:
eminent men in another Westcrtfi
stale, they have raised obstructions t
a speedy trial, crying persecution anfl
at the same time pleading for public
sympathy.
President Roosevelt's assertion t(ttt
he expressed no opinion as to whetljer
Moyer and Hay-wood are guilty of
the murder of Governor Steunenbeo-g" is
clearly consistent with the words w Jit
ten by him concerning which criticism
has been made. A man may be an (un
desirable citizen without being a r Mur
derer, and the fact that he is chasged
with murder should not protect 'him
from comment upon Ills life and vlork.
Moyer and Haywood were representa
tives of men who have discredited the
labor movement. . If they did not ap
prove of the atrocities at Wardneu and
the attempts to commit murdej- in
Colorado, they should have given 'what
aid they could In bringing the guilty to
Justice, thereby showing in an uj imis
takable manner their advocacy or law
and order and their right to ba con
sidered as desirable citizens. Thu fact
that they were president and secuetary,
respectively, of an organization, that
was obviously encouraging lawlurisness
placed upon them an accountabil ity in
the labor troubles different from the
responsibilities and duties whi h fall
upon the shoulders of ordinary cjitizens.
So long as they stood as the, repre
sentatives of the labor organization
thoy were charged with the tluty of
counseling and. so far as thej- could,
enforcing respect for law. Fafiling in
this, they were undesirable citizens.
Quite likely It would have been bet
ter for the defendants in tlie Idaho
murder caw if no attention (iad been
called to their position. But athe man
who has made a record has na right to
complain if it confronts him waen other
troubles arise. That record,; however,
cannot enter into the quesrirfi of their
guilt or Innocence In the mutrder trial,
unless, perhaps, there be sorliethlng to
show that they approved thej killing of
Governor Steunenberg. One i Harry Or
chard has confessed hlmsed'f the mur
derer and has Implicated I-fUywood as
tin accessory before the fa t. In the
very nature of things. Orchard's testi
mony by itself will carrf- but little
weight before a f alr-mlnde.l" Jury. The
luw requires corroboration. That the
supporting testimony mu.. be strong
will be demanded, by publig opinion. If
Orchard has concocted a story at the
Instance of mlneowners, as defenders
of Moyer and Haywood assert, this
should be conclusively shown by the
thorough cross-examination to. which
he will be subjected by able attorneys
who have "been engaged by the defense.
In President Roosevelt's letter there is
no plea for popular approval, no effort
to conciliate, no flinching; or wavering.
Never before has he shown himself
more truly the exponent of the square
deal, for he defies alike the wrath, of
lawless capital and lawless labor, and
challenges as a right the support of all
good Americans, whether wage-earners
or capitalists. That a third term has
no attraction for him, or at least that
the possibility of a third term cannot
swerve him from the straight line of I
duty is evident from the powerful sen- ;
tence in which he declares his attitude
toward capital and labor: "I stand for
equal Justice to both, and, so far as
in my power lies, I shall uphold Jus
tice, whether the man accused of guilt
has behind him the wealthiest corpora
tions, the greatest aggregation of riches
in the country or whether he has behind
him the most Influential labor organiza
tion in the country." And both honest
capital and honest labor know he means
what he says.
THE POLICE AND THE LAW.
Under the new police law it will be
difficult for the Ndw York police force
to continue the alliance with crooks
and petty politicians which It has main
tained so long and with such scandal.
Under tho old law It was practically
Impossible to discipline the higher po
lice officials. TlfYie and again when
they were degraded or removed for
flagrant offenses the courts would: re
instate them. Thje effect was to make
each official an isidVpendent potentate.
The inspectors were particularly no
torious. -Drawing? moderate salaries;
measured by the New Tork scale, they
were stM able t own palaces on Fifth
avenue and spojrt costly automobiles.
Some of them ajere the associates of
high financiers and managed to hold
their own with ! them In expensive liv
ing. How did thoy do it? By the sim
ple expedient of dividing the swag with
thieves, piekpofvets ani burglars. Each
inspector had (lis herd of toughs who
preyed upon tle public under' his pro
tection .and Wltared with him their
spoils. Anotlwf source of ample reve
nue for these li ispectors was the black
mail which tbjey levied on gambling
houses and reiorts of ill repute.
The new laiw places the police force
under the abi.oluto control of Commis
sioner Binghnm. He can discipline his
men without interference from the
courts, and,' If the alliance with the
criminal eleiient continues, he will be
responsible Pi'or it. The crooked offi
cials and tlie base politicians of tho
city opposel the new law at Albany
with vlcioufj energy, but- the pressure
of the public demand forced It through
in spite of jthem. .
This la is in harmony with the
marked trtidency in American cities to
concentratis responsibility and power in
few rath&tj than many heads of depart
ments. 'While In some respects it may
seem to lilsregard the theory of civil
service reform, still if it actually re
forms tho civil service, who can com
plain? Ve are learning In this country-
to u refer practical results to the
abstract,- beauty of theories. Civil serv
ice rule which keep criminals in power
over h'(nest men fall so . far short of
perfection . that one sees them violated
withoujt much regret.
AGGrATION AND THE RAILROADS.
"If lO per cent of the men in the
Unltcl States would today write to the
Governors of the states in which they
live imd to their representatives in tho
Stat (j Legislatures, stating that this
agiUitlorf was injuring their business
and fthat it must be stopped, it would be
stoijpcd." Such is one of the declara
tioifs in a rather humorous circular
which railroad interests are sending to
all fthe newspapers in the country with
the request that It be given the widest
pofsible publicity. The circular is ad
drhssed to the American public and is
inf ended to scare the people out of de
miindlng a square deal from tho rail-
rd ads.
'The trouble with the authors of the
c.rcular is that they are both short
sighted and narrow-sighted. In look
ing for the cause of the alleged threat
ened financial disaster they never once
I thought of car shortages, rebates, dis
criminations and Alton deals. They
should have teen active and observing
a few months ago, when they had as
good opportunities to be informed upon
railroad affairs as they assume to have
today. They should have addressed a
letter to Mr. Harrlman asking him to
discontinue the practice of using the
assets of one road to buy tho stock of
another. They should have protested
against the vicious custom of favoring
a few shippers. They should have
warned the railroad managers that un
less they furnished cars enough to han
dle the freight of the country in reason
able time business would suffer seri
ous reverses. Had they done this and
induced the railroads to give the people
a square deal, there would have been no
agitation. Now. however. If 10 per cent
of the people should write to the Gov
ernors saying that the agitation must
cease, such declarations would be coun
terbalanced by letters from a much
larger per cent of the people saying
that the agitation shall go ahead until
the desired reforms have been accom
plished. The people have no desire to
hurt the railroads; all they demand Is
that the railroads shall not hurt them.
THE MISSION OF THE DREADXACGHT.
The original Dreadnaught, of the
British navy, has been put through a
test of service, strenuous and unceas
ing, that has proved her quality as a
seafaring monster. Her quality as a
fighting ship Is. of course, yet to be
proven, but the British Admiralty, with
the self-complacency for which it is dis
tinguished, considers that point assured
without the test of war. This tremen
dous aggregation of steel and wood
was sent across the ocean a distance of
3400 miles for strictly business purposes.
In other words she was sent out with
out fear or favor to prove her quality.
She steamed the first of January to Gib
raltar, thence faced about for the West
Indies and home again, having shown
up admirably In ail respects. She made
an average speed across the Atlantic
of seventeen knots and had coal enough
in her bunkers at the end to carry her
at the same rate of speed another
thousand miles.
A costly toy in peace, a monster of
hideous portent and concentrated force
in war, the Dreadnaught will do her
part in preserving peace between na
tions by her silent show of power and
falling In this her part in compelling
her adversary to a quick result. If ves
sels of this type of fighters cause the
powers of the earth to shun war as a
devastating, remorseless monster, the
lenonnous sums spent in their construe -
tion will be spent at a saving of life and
of the expenditure of much greater sums
in actual warfare. The United States
Government is preparing to do its share
in maintaining peac8 at the cost St
building these enormous ftghtirteT ships,
having followed Great Birtain in order- i
intr the construction of vessels of the
Dreadnaught class, as Great Britain
followed the United States In floating
a fleet of monitors in a past genera
tion. The latter type of vessel has long
ago become obsolete. In specculating
upon the type of battleship that will
put Dreadnaughts off the seas without
firing a single shot, human Imagina
tion is soon taxed beyond its limits and
becomes lost In wonder. The difference
in speed, &ize, fighting capacity and
practical Indestructibility between the
first monitor and the Dreadnaught is as
great In these particulars as that be
tween the old wooden frigate and the
Monitor, which rendered the wooden
naval craft useless. What -will be the
difference between the Dreadnaught
and her successor a generation hence?
Only the echo of exhausted Imagina
tion makes answer to this presumptu
ous inquiry. .
PATERNALISM GONE TO SEED.
The rapidity with which a paternal
istic movement may develop is well Il
lustrated in the case of the suggestion
in New York City that needy public
school pupils who have defective eye
sight shall be supplied with glasses at
public expense. In Its original form
the Idea was entirely reasonable. In
fact, there is Just as much reason why
the school district should provide poor
children with glasses as there Is for the
supplying of books under similar con
ditions. A child can make no progress
in school if he be without books or eyes
that can "use them. But before the
proposition had teen long with the
Board of Education it was amended so
as to require the district to buy glasses
for all children who needed them,
whether rich or poor. In such, form
tho measure is without merit and will
probably be defeated, to the injury of
the educational opportunities of those
children whose parents are too poor
to buy spectacles when needed.
Our public school system contem
plates that every child shall receive a
common school education. In order
that every child shall have an oppor
tunity, many of the states have com
pulsory education lawa and anti-child-
labor laws. Many of them also author
ize school districts to buy books for
children of Indigent parents. Laws like
this last mentioned are intended to ap
ply only to those who could not go to
school without the additional public aid.
The eyeglass idea In New York was
along the same line, but it Is tf Te de
feated by an amendment which was
quite likely introduced at the sugges
tion of some concern that hopes to
make a profitable contract for furnish
ing the glasses at a fancy price.
NAMES AND REALITIES.
At the Brooklyn banquet In comment
oration of Jefferson's birthday Mr.
Bryan made a remarkable speech. He
spoke like a statesman. His address is
partisan, but not rancorous, iio is able
to praise Mr. Roosevelt; he condemns
the Republican party with regret for
its shortcomings rather than with
hatred for its total depravity. He in
sists that Roosevelt has won his popu
larity by enforcing principles which the
Democrats, and particularly Mr. Bryan,
advocated long years ago; but for this
lie praises the President's courage. He
is triad to see some Democratic ideas
carried out even by a Republican, and
he rejoices to look forward to the happy
time when all of them shall be carried
out by Democrats. He believes that
Mr. Roosevelt neither represents his
party nor enjoys its undivided support.
The Republicans, according to Mr,
Bryan, stand when they are sincere for
the ideas of Alexander Hamilton, while
the Democrats stand for those of Jef
ferson. Hamilton's ideas, Mr. Bryan thinks,
were essentially monarchic. He dis
trusted the people and withdrew power
from them as completely and as re
motely as he could, Mr. Jefferson stood
for popular rights and popular govern
ment, believing that the voters not only
ought to wield the political power of
the nation, but that they could wield
it wisely. The spread of such methods
as the? direct primary,' the initiative and
the referendum leads Mr. Bryan to con
clude that the Hamiltonian principle in
our government is decadent, while that
of Jefferson is vital and prevailing.
Hence to him the fate of the Republi
can party .is clear. Throughout his
speech, which Is undeniably a great
one, Mr. Bryan -makes what is some
times called the etymological fallacy.
He ascribes to the Democratic party
all the aspirations and virtues which
are included in the etymological sig
nificance of the word "democracy."
Schoolteachers often make the same
blunder by trying to deduce the prac
tical meaning of "education" from the
Latin root of the word.
Education means the thing it actually
is, not what some scholar in his closet
may compute what it ought to mean.
And "Democracy" as tho name of a
rarty means the group of voters who
call themselves Democrats. The broad
scope of the word has little relevance to
the principles of the party which In
cludes Mr. Ryan, Mr. Cleveland and
Mr. Bryan within its vague limits.
Democracy Is the hope of the human
race. Its principles are the slow ac
cumulation of ages of thought by the
wise, the good and tho Just. Jefferson
contributed to the treasure, but oth-rs
have given more than he. It sounds
strangely to hear the Virginian states
man praised for originating principles
of government which were familiar to
the ancient Greeks. Were Mr. Bryan
as widely Tead as he is eloquent he
would never think of saying that Jeffer
son first taught the equality of nian
and his primal rights, for the Declara
tion of Independence can all be found
In the writings of Rousseau. The p-in-ciples
of democracy are the common
possession of mankind. The Demo
cratic partj', fortunate in its name, has
appropriated some of them; the Re
publicans others. They belong exclu
sively to neither.
But with reference to these universal
concepts w-3 must in fairness concede
to Mr. Bryan a certain merit and a
great one. Of all our statesmen now
upon the stage he first had the cour
age to announce them in a political
programme. He was ridiculed- for this.
His opponents sought to belittle the
basic right 3 which he advocated by
calling them "Bryanism." .But they
were too deeply established . in the
hearts of mankind to yield to ridicule.
By virtue of their undying validity
their triumph was predestinated. Mr,
Bryin in his speech declares that they
have made him what he is; that be
cause he cleaved to them he could not
be slain. He tells the truth; and hence
forth no man can achieve great polit
ioxl fortune in America except by
clinging to them. Eut Mr. Bryan !
gained no proprietorship of funda
mental truth because he recalled It to
our National recollection. As well
might John Wesley have pre-empted
the , teachings of Jesus by dragging
them from oblivion in England. Roose
velt indeed champions some principles
of Justice which Jefferson learned from
the sages and philosophers and which
Bryan learned from Jefferson; but It Is
unseemly to reiterate that he has stolen
them from the Democrats.
The Democrats are Just as -free to
advocate these principles as if Roose
velt had opposed instead of fighting for
them. And if they sincerely wish to see
them prevail they will -uphold the Pres
ident's hands. Why should not both of
the great -parties stand for what is
right and Just? Is it necessary that
either one should advocate wrong be
cause the other came first into the
arena to light for the right? The dif
ference between the two parties must
be largely one of method henceforth.
If they hope for the approval of the
people they can differ little as to what
they ultimately aim at; but they may
disagree about what Is expedient for
the moment. Still, even here the line
of deriiareation tends to vanish. Mr.
Bryan says the Republicans can never
cancel the iniquities of the tariff, but
he says it in the. face of a Republican
movement for tariff reform which
nothing can stay. He says that the Re
publicans cannot destroy the trusts.
but he must know that the masses of
the party will be satisfied' with nothing
else than their destruction. The fact Is
that Bryan Democrats differ from
Roosevelt Republicans in very little ex
cept the etymology of their name.
The American Humane Society re
cently sent out an appeal asking that
one Sunday in April of each year be
set apart In the churches as "Mercy
Sunday," the sermons on that day be
ing directed especially to awakening
sympathy for children wlio need it. for
dumb animals and for those who can
not help themselves. Referring to this
plea, tho Chicago Tribune says:
Cruelty to animals and cruelty to children
have not yet been driven from the earth. It
may be said that of the two offenaea the for
mer Is the less common. Property interests
lead the owner of an animal, to take caro of
It, and abuse of draft animals on the streets
is Quickly stopped now by publlo clamor and
the hand of the law. But there are parta of
the United States where there la no law pro
tecting; tho children,- where there 1b no publlo
aentiment protecting the children, and where
the children are sold Into alavery at ao early
an age that they are not fully aware of the
wronga which they auftcr. Whatever method
is to be employed to put an end to child
alavery, whether by a campaign of education,
showing parents the folly as well as cruelty
of their exploitation of the children, or by
a National law, or by a boycott on goods made
by child labor, or by the efficacy of prayer. It
is proper that such a movement begin with the
churches.
The stork with silver wing Incumbent
hovers over the royal palace In Madrid
For the time being- tho young Queen
of Spain is an object of world-wide in
terest. Her reported determination to
mother her own child as a nursling In
defiance of Spanish royal traditions
tells of her sturdy English blood the
blood of "Victoria the Good." whose
grand-daughter and namesake she is.
The child that. Is soon to be born to
Spain is not tho offspring of consan
guineous marriage; its parents are
young and the mother, at least, is of
irreproachable life. With, this start
tills child should honor an ancient
throne many times dishonored since
Ferdinand and Isabella were Its occu
pants and fulfill the high hopes that
have gone In advance of its advent
into the world.
As soon as the blossoms begin to fall
from apple and pear trees they should
be given the first treatment of Summer
spray as a protection against codling
moth. The best mixture for the pur
pose is Paris green, with lime and blue
vitriol. In other words, the Summer
strength of the Bordteanx mixture with
fans green added, tub fans gTecn
poisons the Insects andi the vitriol acts
as a remedy against scab and other
fungus diseases that mar the appear
ance of apples and pears. Fruitgrow
ers should send to the Oregon agricul
tural experiment station at Corvallls
for a copy of bulletin 75, on insect!
cides and fungicides, which contains
directions for making spray mixtures
of all kinds.
Factories in France are beginning to
manufacture farm machinery of the
American type and sell at prices lower
than the American manufacturer de
mands for his product shipped to that
country. . We shall have to grant Bome
sort of subsidies to our American man
ufacturers so that they may be able
to supply the French farmers with ma
chinery at still lower prices. That has
been one of the effects of our tariff pol
Icy, so why not extend it?
Governor Chamberlain makes the
clever suggestion that the Oregon girls
at Jamestown wear military uniforms
Instead of Indian garb. Both sides of
the controversy will probably be glad
to accept the compromise. The Gov
ernor's adroit methods of bridging dif
ficulties has made him Chief Executive
twice, and now it helps out the girls.
No wonder the Governor Is a success
ful politician.
The Supreme Court says that under
a vagrancy ordinance the City of Salem
has authority to fine or imprison men
who live at houses of ill repute. Good
ordinance and good decision; now all
that is needed is some vigorous prose
cution to rid the country of some "on
desirable citizens."
The committee in charge of the lnves
ligation of the statehouse graft in
Pennsylvania Is said to be satisfied that
there are several grounds upon which
criminal proceedings can be brought
Well, then, what are you waiting for
The statute of limitations?
A husband sues for divorce In Oregon
City because his wife put hair in his
medicine. That man has no valid com
plaint, compared with that of the hus
bands who must wear wigs to cover
the bald spot.
Some enterprising bonlface ought to
put up a hotel at Fort Stevens' for the
Summer girls and their mammas whil
the militia .boys shall be busy there
rext Summer.
Hardly anybody would think, after
looking at the pictures of all the can
didates for Mayor, that one was any
better to vote for than another.
Mr. Brownell could not use his fa
mous hot air on the woman in the case,
but he was "strong," as usual, with
the Jury.
The big stick, in addition to its many
accompllshjnen.tsl caa write letters
JAMESTOWN EXPOSITION IS SEII
It Will Be Opened Tomorrow and Be
Known aa the White and Red City.
(Compiled from- the official circular Is
sued by the Jamestown Exposition Co.)
The Jamestown Ter-Centennial Exposi-
at Norfolk. Va., the object of which is to
celebrate the foundation of the first per
manent English apeakins settlement in
.America laid at Jamestown. Va.. May 13,
1607. will be opened tomorrow noon, Fri
day, by , President Roosevelt, and will
close at midnight, November 30, 1907.
Three small barks anchored Just off the
peninsula which Jutted into the James
River about 30 miles from its mouth. May
13, 1607. Besides the crews of the little
boats there were 105 English speaking ad
venturers who had left their native land,
braved the terrors of the deep, faced
the unknown fate of the pioneer in the
wilderness all to establish a home and a
country In the new world. Famine, fever
and war with tne savages- tmnnea tno
households, but out of It all comes the
story of an Indian maid of 14 who saved
the white leader's life. She was Poca
hontas, the dusky princess, who after
ward married an Englishman and as a
young bride visited the Kngllsh court
where she received the honors accorded
to royal blood.
Jamestown was & vice-regal court and
later Williamsburg was even more bril
liant, but there is other romance besides
that of the softer kind. There is a pic f
turesque beauty and glory in the spec
tacle of war and the Ter-Centennial ter
ritory has been a frequent war theater.
Through the centuries the Indians massa
cred the whites, the French fought the
English and the English the Dutch. We
have had two wars with England and one
bloody fraternal struggle, and the soil of
Virginia each time has been laved with
the blood of the combatants.
The exposition will be held on the wa
ters and shores of Hampton Roads, the
largest and best land-locked harbor on
the Atlantio seaboard five miles distant
from tlie city of Norfolk, and in equal
proximity to Newport News, Portsmouth,
Hampton and Old Point Comfort, Vir
ginia. The exposition site contains ap
proximately 400 acres of land space a 40-
acre enclosed water basin and the 160
square miles of water surface of Hampton
Roads. The exposition may be reached
by water from all the seaboard cities and
by rail, without change except for fer-
ryage, from all parts of the country.
Seven trunk lines terminate at Norfolk
and 16 lines of steamships leave the har
bor. All the clrctmjacent cities have
ferries and launches running to the ex
position, and Norfolk Is further connected
with the site by four trolley lines and one
steam railway. The exposition site has
a frontage of two miles on Hampton
Roads, and one-half mile on Boush creek
The other sides of the exposition grounds
are enclosed by a decorative pine and
wire fence, covered with honeysuckle,
crimson rambler rose and trumpet vines.
The exposition is a great white and red
city CorintlUan columns flanking walls.
Shade trees are in abundance; groves of
fruit trees on the grounds and innumer
able beds of native flowers and decora
tve plants. '
In the exhibit buildings of the exposi
tion.- there will be gathered the choicest
selection of industrial arts, of transpor
tation devices, of historical displays and a
complete section will be devoted to Sev
enteenth Century handicraft. Twenty
foreign nations will participate In the e&-
position by sending representative fleets
from their navies and crack regiments
from their armies. Thirty states of the
Union will take prominent 'part and most
of them will have buildings on the
grounds. In connection with the military
and naval display the Government will
maintain a War Museum.
In the Government building will be an
exhibit of the State Department, showing
fac-similes In some cases, and in others
originals, -of all the famous documents
which have become part of our nation s
history- The Treasury Department will
maintain a Bureau of Engraving and
Printing, which will illustrate the plate
work used in the bureau for notes and
bonds. It will also exhibit its splendid
collection of portraits in which appear all
the Presidents of the United States and
all the Secretaries of the Treasury. The
Life Saving Service will operate a sta
tion, completely equipped, and they will
make rescues from tlnwj to time from
boats In the harbor. A complete station
will be maintained, being an exact dupli
eate of that which is regularly operated
on the coast. In the War Museum mod
els of fortifications and harbor defences
and types of batteries on embankments
will be shown. The exhibit of the Ord
nance Department, of this section, will be
a complete exhibition of firearms and
powder. The largest cannon and the
smallest side arms will be shown. Vari
ous styles of machine guns will be ex
hlbited.
The Patent, Pension, Land and Indian
Departments, the Geologic Survey, Smith
sonian Institution, Department of Agricul
ture, Department of Commerce and La
bor, Alaska, the Philippines, Hawaii, Por
to Rico, etc., all will make comprehen
sive exhibits. '
The Industrial Division of the Exposi
tion will occupy several of the largest
buildings on the grounds, and will con
tain not only finished exhibits of machin
ery and products, but models of innu
merable inventions, designed to Improve
.machinery now in use, perfect products
now manufactured, or alter modes i
making goods. Mammoth exhibit palaces
will be devoted to manufactures, liberal
arts, horticulture, mines and mining, pure
food, transportation, etc. An -Arts and
Crafts Village, consisting of seven old
colonial buildings, will house hand work-
ers in textiles, iron, copper, wood, silver.
rushes and felt. The artisans, or really
artists, who will work In these buildings
will -produce seventeenth century house
hold goods and wearing materials just as
they were made by the earliest colonist.
The "War Path," or concession quarters
of the exposition, will contain the latest
novelties and best collection of amuse
ments.
Professor Moaagbaa Taken to Task.
PORTLAND, April 23. (To the Edi
tor.) It seems very peculiar that
man in the employ of our Governmen
Professor J. C. Monaghan, has a right
to appear in public and speak agains
the government of France, because it
has seen fit to rule Its own land with
out the interference of a certain re
ligion. Is not such France's own busi
ness, and have we any right to pass
resolutions condemning France?
America does not want union between
state and church, and if France wishes
to act in like manner, have we a righ
to interfere? Has the church of Rome
done any good to- France, Spain, Italy,
etc.? History shows that it has bin
dered both material and spiritual prog
ress. And again I ask, have we a right
to condemn France for wishing to be
master in its own house, without the
interference of religious superstition
Has Mr. Monaghan. as an employe
of our Government, a right to flgh
for his peculiar creed in public in sue
a way as he has done? I wish this
matter would be taken up by proper
persons and attended to before too
much damage Is done.
U C. JOHNSON.
Real Realism In the Pulpit.
Sayville. L. L, Dispatch in N. Y. Times.
Rev. J. B. Hammill of Hanson-Place
Methodist Episcopal Church, Brooklyn
recently filled the pulpit Of the Metho
dist Episcopal Church here. Hfi was
earnestly preaching from the text
"Look well to your foundation," an
leaning heavily on the pulpit desk
when suddenly the desk went tumblin
off the high platform over the altar
rail, nearly hitting the devout laymen
In the front seat and scattering th
Bible and the preacher's notes among
the holders of the pews.
EW PAD OF KANSAS FARMERS J
Many Public Salea- to Dispose ot Stock
and Forming: Implements.
Kansas City Star.
Never was there such an epidemic of
public sales on the farms as this Spring.
Seven auctioneeers have been kept busy
and others are in training at auctioneers'
schools. Some of the auctioneers are
Colonels." They claim that title when
they have "cried" 100 sales.
But It is only the result of the farmers
getting rich and of the land boom which
causes much change of location.
Central Kansas has reached a time
when the farmers who have made their
home here have acquired more material
than they need to run their farm, or are
anxious to change their residences, and
so want to have a "sale." They go to the
county scat and make arrangements with
the auctioneer, and have their bills print
ed. The latter are put up in the post-
office or are scattered on the fence posts
of the vicinity.
The attendance on the public sales is
usually good, nothing but bad weather
keeping the farmers of the vicinity away.
The women frequently accompany their
husbands and form an interested portion
of the audience when the household goods
and canped fruit are sold.
The crowd that has looked over the pos
sessions of the household curiously and
nodded at the various flaws In the imple
ments - of the farmyard has also had a
rude sort of entertainment. On every sale
bill in latge letters appears "Free lunch
at noon." and some of them have the
additional legen, "Biing your tin cups."
This is Greek to the city resident, but the
farmer knows what it means. It is a
promise that there will be great steaming
cans of coffee, with plenty of sandwiches
and perhaps pickles. The task of provid
ing cups for a hundred of two visitors Is
a foricldable one. and the prudent house
wife asks that the comers bring cups to
use at this function. The habitual auction
attendant Is fully equipped with the cups
to use on such ccca&iong.
During the Winter all soles begin at 10
o clock, but as the days lengthen the
r.ooh start is more common, it all de
pends upon the amount of material to be
sold. Sometimes there is something more
than coffee to drink, but not often.
The amount of property changing hands
In this growing method of disposing of
used farm materia! Is enormous. In this
countv alone probably 73 sales have been
neia since the first of the present year.
and they have averaged more than J1000
each, or at least JliO.000 worth of second
hand goods disposed of by farmers to
their neighbors. The same condition ex
lilts la nearly overy well-settled cDu.ity
or ino state, and eo common Is the cus
tom beaming that It is unlikely that It
will show any diminution for some time
to come.
BIDK OF TWO-CENT TRAVEL.
Increase of Trips Between Cities and
Smaller Nebraska Towns.
Minneapolis Tribune.
The hopeful theory ' that the two-cent
passenger rate would pay for Itself in
earnings of Increased business seems to
De jusutied by the experience in Ne
braska. That was the first state in this
neighborhood to get the two-cent fare
into active operation.
ice act there was the occasion oT some
despondency on the part of Dublic men
as well as of railroad officials. It was
forced on the legislature by tho motive
power of public opinion and signed under
protest by a Uovernor wlvo sincerely be
lieved it bad public policy. The Union
Paciftc, which owns a controlling interest
in the railroad polities of Nebraska.
threatened all kinds of retribution and
predicted ail kinds of disaster.
Five weeks' experience has surprised
railroad men and politicians alike with a
notable increase of travel between the
cities and the smaller towns. T"e reduc
tion of one-third in the cost of transpor
tation nas stimulated travel like an ex
cursion rate.. People from all parts 6f
the state are coming to Omaha to shop
and go to the theaters.
It is like a perpetual excursion with no
temporary attraction to divert buyers
from the regular shops, and with abun
dant leisure on the part of excursionists
to spend their money in permanent places
or barter and entertainment. This has
gone so far that country merchants
throughout the state are said to be com
plaining bitterly.
If the legislature were still in session
this influential body of voters would cer
tainly start a back-fire against the two-
cent law. If the railroads should abolish
excursion rates as well as passes, they
would probably get more revenue out of
increased travel at two cents than they
formerly got at three.
Last Days of Honduras Lottery.
Washington Dispatch in New York
York Tribune.
The history. of the closing days of
the Honduras Lottery reads like a
page from Monte Cristo in the magni
tude of the. profits reaped by the pro
moters. Conservative estimates place
the profits at about 1150,000 a month.
It was a comparatively close corpora
tion that made most of the money.
Since the "good old days" of Louisi
ana State Lottery Company the path
way of the gentlemen Interested in the
concern has not been strewn with
roses. Large spikes and pitfalls, in
the shape of troublesome laws, have
been substituted for the flowers, and
whore the statutes passed by the states
have not proved effective the laws en
acted by Congress have been invoked
to stop the business. Up to 1884 the
Louisiana Lottery Company operated
openly throughout the country. In
that year the Postmaster-General
closed the mails to the company, and
in 1892 the charter expired in Louisi
ana. It tried hard to get a renewal,
and offered fabulous sums for an ex
tension of its corporate life. Louisi
ana decided finally to oust the big
gambling concern from her borders,
and the company went to Honduras,
and changed Its name to the Honduras
National Lottery Company, paying
$100,000 a year, it is said, for the privi
lege of pulling off Its monthly draw
ings at Puerto Cortez.
THE SAME OLD COMPLAINT
' From the Denver Time
WATER FLOWS OX JCLY ll
Secretary Garfield to Open Head-
gates at Billings.
BUTTE, Mont. April 24. A Miner spe
cial from Billings says: According to
Chief Engineer Henry X. Savage, of the
United States Reclamation Service, the
remaining portion ot the ceded strip of
me trow jnaian reservation for the
Huntley project will be formally opened
July 10. Engineer Savage, who was In tho
city today, said it was likely that the
lands would be opened by the drawing
system. Altogether eight townsltes have
been surveyed on the tract, one of which
Is Huntley and another is Osborne.
The Secretary of the Interior will be
present at the opening, as will the stale
officials, and it will be arranged that the
Secretary will touch the button which
will cause the head gates of the big canal
to be raised and allow the water to pour
Into the canal for the first time.
ftt'YS SUPPLIES WHOLESALE
Reclamation Service Save Money
With Office 1n Chicago.
CHICAGO. ADril 24. For the ouroose of
obtaining and furnishing supplies neces
sary In' reclaiming the arid regions
or tne west the United States Reclama
tion Service yesterday opened a new pur
chasing and transportation office in Chi
cago. Heretofore all of this business was
left in the hands of the engineers in
charge of the work, who purchased their
supplies from the nearest dealers. It was
found, however, that tlie prices In the
past were so excessive that the Govern
ment had to save money by buying direct
from the wholesalers In Chicago, and
other points.
At present the work is being carried on
In 29 different projects. An expenditure
of 146,000,000 will be made and when com
pleted more than 2.000,000 acrcB of arid
land will have been reclaimed. Tha
freight bills alone last month amounted
to J3S.O0O. The new office is expected to
result in a total saving to the service of
at least 20 per cent.
The work Is being carried on in the arid
regions of thirteen Western States and
Territories, from the western part of
Kansas to the Pacific Coast, Oklahoma,
Nevada and South Dakota.
SAY ROOSEVELT IS DECEIVED
New Slexico Republicans Oppose Re
moral of Hagcrman.
ALBUQUHRQUE. N. M.. April 24
Three thousand people in mass meeting
tonight united in a protest against the
resignation of Governor II. J. Hagerman
of New Mexico, which was requested a
week ago. by President Roosevelt. Reso
lutions were adopted vigorously condemn
ing W. H. Andrews. Delegate in Con
gress, and W. II . H. Llewellyn, United
States Attorney for New Mexico, who
were held responsible for the agitation
which resulted In the President's action.
The resolutions state it is the belief of
the people that the President has been
deceived as to Mr. Hagerman's acts and
as to the state of public sentiment in the
territory, and request that he do not
accept the resignation. The meeting ap-
pointed a committee of 50 Republicans
to wait on Mr. Hagerman in Santa Ffl
and ask him to come to Albuquerque to
meet and receive expressions of thcif
approval of his administration.
SIOUX NEIGHBORLY TO VTES
Willing to Rent Dissatisfied Band
100,000 Acres of Land.
WASHINGTON. April 24. The Indian
Bureau has been advised of the willing
ness of the Sioux Indians at tho Cheyenne
River reservation to, lease Bbout 100,000
acres of their land to the band of 300
Utes who left their reservation n Utah
last Summer and who Wintered at Camp
Meade.
Nothing has been heard as to the atti
tude of the Utes toward this proposition,
but the fact that they have expressed a
determination to remain near where they
now are leads to the conclusion that they
will accept. The Bureau will put no ob
stacle in the way of such an agreement
if the details are satisfactory.
ECKSTROMER INCIDENT ENDED
Xo- Prospect of His Reappointment
as Swedish Consul.
WASHINGTON, April 24. It was said
at the State Department today that in
tho view of tho Department the Eck
stromer case is closed and there Is no
prospect of restoration of tho exequatur
of that person as Swedish VIce-Consul at
St. Louis. It was added that there is
nothing before the Department relative
to that case involving action.
Canal Zone's Health Record.
WASHINGTON, April 24. Health con
ditions upon the canal zone are about as
good now as they ever will be, according
to a report from Colonel Gorgas, Chief
Sanitary officer, for the month of March,
Just received at the offices of the Isth
mian Canal Commission. Since last Au
gust the number of sick among the em
ployes has steadily declined until it is
now 19.40 men per 1000 as against 33.72 in
August Among 4500 Americans, white,
employed there were only two deaths
from disease" during March.
Among 1200 American women and chil
dren living in Canal Commission quar
ters, there were no deaths and very little
sickness of any kind.
No Move to Widen Canal Zone.
PANAMA, April 84. The Panama gov
ernment declared there is no truth in the
rumor that It has received an offer from
the United States for" the purchase of twn
strips of territory, each five miles wide
and situated on either side of the canal
zone.